《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit5
大学英语二级视听说Unit5答案+原文
Unit5Part 1 Listening, Understanding and SpeakingListening IScriptPart AJennifer is talking to an interviewer about her nightmare.Jennifer: It was always the same. Always. I was in a house, a strange house, and I knew somehow that I shouldn‘t have gone in. But there was some strange force pulling me. There were some stairs…very steep stairs… and I started to climb them, and … and then, suddenly fell. Then when I was at the bottom of the stairs, I suddenly realized that there was someone…or something else in the house with me, and that these eyes had been watching me all the time, and…I knew then that something terrible…was going to happen to me…that I was going to be punished…because I‘d done something I shouldn‘t have done. I didn‘t know what it was, but I knew it was wrong, very wrong. Then I could hear it…whatever it was in the house with me…coming closer in the darkness, because everything was dark, you see, and it came closer and closer. And I was scared…and there was nothing, nothing I could do to avoid it…nothing. I was trapped! Trapped in that dark house at the bottom of the stairs. There was no way out.Interviewer: And how often…Jennifer: No way out !Part BInterviewer: How often have you had this nightmare?Jennifer: When I was in college, just about every time I had an exam. And then, a few years later, when I was taking an intensive Italian course in Italy, I had the same dream again. Just the same as before.Interviewer: And you discussed it with a psychoanalyst ?Jennifer: Yes, later, after I came back to Los Angles, I started therapy, and this dream came up, and we discussed it quite a bit.Interviewer: And what did the psychoanalyst say?Jennifer: He said…uh…you have to be very careful about interpreting dreams, but we both agreed that the dream was a symbol of my fear of failure…of disappointing my parents when I was in college, for example, by failing my dreams, or…or when I was taking that Italian course, I remember how scared I was sometimes. Interviewer: Scared of what?Jennifer: Of making mistakes in class, in front of the teacher or the other students. I was always in fear.Interviewer: I see.Jennifer: And the dream was a kind of classic symbol of that fear…of the fear of failure. Falling down stairs in a dream is a symbol of that. The two words are very similar.Interviewer: Which…which two words? Oh, you mean…Jennifer: Y es, fall-fail, falling-failure. V ery similar, aren‘t they?Listening IIScriptNew research shows that dreams are often distorted reflections of our daily life. many experts now believe our dreams are so closely related to our waking lives that we can use them to help us recognize our inner conflicts.According to some experts, men and women dream differently because of biological and social conditioning. In a study of 1000 dreams, half from each sex, experts found that men more often have action dreams .Usually these are set outdoors or in unfamiliar surroundings. Women dream more about emotional struggles with loved ones, usually in indoor settings. As more women have careers, their dreams might become more like man‘s. Researchers have found that while housewives dream more about children, women in the workplace dream about bosses and colleagues. Small children who are easily scared dream about frightening animals and monsters that that chase and attack them. Teenagers dream about romance and sex.Some dream researchers found in a study that people between 21and 34 have more anxiety over issues of right and wrong in their dreams, possibly because they are making importance decisions about career, marriage and life direction. People of age 35 to 49 are much less hostile toward others in their dreams, perhaps because they are reaching their greatest achievement and have less need for aggression while awake. After age 65, anxiety about aging appears much more often in people‘s dreams.If life stages affect our dreams, so do out attitudes. Studies show that angry people act out their anger in their dreams, and depressed people sometimes dream they are victim of rejection.Creative people often use their dreams to solve problems. According to the author Naomi Epel, when some writers, artists or scientists go to sleep, they ask their subconscious for a dream that will help them solve problems.Listening IIIScriptAlmost all people day dreaming during a normal day. We tend to daydreaming the most during those quiet times when we are alone in our cars, sitting in waiting rooms, or preparing for bed. day dreaming or fantasizing is not abnormal; it is a basic human characteristic. Most people have reported that they enjoy their day dreams . Some people have very probable and realistic daydreams while others have unrealistic fantasies such as inheriting a million dollars.Psychologists report that men daydream as much as women , but subject of their daydreams or fantasies is different. Men day dream more about being heroes and good athletes while women tend to daydream about fashions and beauty. As people grow older, they tend to fantasize less, although it is still common in old age. Older people tend to daydream a lot about the past. daydreaming or fantasizing enters into the games of children. Psychologists believe that it is very important for children to participate in fantasy play . It is a normal part of their development. It helps childrendevelop and explore their imagination.Daydreaming has advantages and disadvantages In some situations it can reduce a person's fear or anxiety. can also keep us entertained or awake under dull or boring conditions. Unfortunately, to engage in a daydream or fantasy, we must divert part of our attention from our environment. When it is important for us to remain alert and pay attention to what is going on around us, day dreaming can cause problems. Listening IVScriptA Dream Within A DreamTake this kiss upon the brow!And, in parting from you now,Thus much let me avow---Y ou are not wrong, who deemThat my days have been a dream;Y es if hope has flown awayIn a night, or in a day,In a vision, or in none,Is it therefore the less gone?All that we see or seemIs but a dream within a dream.I stand amid the roarOf a surf-tormented shore,And I hold within my handGrains of the golden sand---How few! Y et how they creepThrough my fingers to the deep,While I weep---while I weep!O God! Can I not graspThen with a fighter clasp?O God! Can I not saveOne from the pitiless wave?Is all that we see or seemBut a dream within a dream?Part 4 Further Speaking and ListeningFurther ListeningListening IScriptIn 1865 ,in a small town in Germany ,a little boy was very sick. His name was Max Hoffman.―Will our son die ?‖ Max‘s parents asked the doctor.―Maybe,‖ the doctor said quietly .‖Stay with Max .Keep him warm .That‘s all you can do .‖For three days Max lay in his bed . Then he died .He was only five years old .Max‘s parents buried their son in the town cemetery .That night Max‘s mother had a terrible dream. She dreamed that Max was moving in his coffin . She screamed in her sleep.―Sh ,sh,‖ her husband said. ―It‘s all right .Y ou had a bad dream.‖The next night Max‘s mother screamed in her sleep again . She had the same terrible dream.On the third night Max‘s mother had another bad dream. She dreamed that Max was crying . She got out of bed and got dressed. ―Quick! Get dressed ,‖she told her husband . ―We‘re going to the cemetery .I want to see Max. I want to dig up his coffin.‖At four o‘clock in the morning Max‘s parent and a neighbor hurried to the cemetery .They dug up Max‘s coffin and opened it . There was Max .He looked dead. But he wasn‘t lying on his back . He was lying on his side.Max‘s father carried Max home . Then he ran to get the doctor .For an hour the doctor rubbed whisky on Max‘s lips and warmed his body. Then Max opened his eyes .Max was alive ! A week later he was playing with his friends.Max Hoffman died—really died—in the United State in 1953. He was 93 year old . Listening IIScript(A couple is talking about their 8-year-old daughter ,Debbie .They also have a son ,Barry ,who is 16.)Mother : I had to go in to Debbie twice last night .She was having these terrible nightmares! She was screaming and shouting and she kept trying to push me away .She was yelling , ―Don‘t hurt me ! Don‘t hurt me !‖Father : What was wrong with her then ?Mother : I don‘t know. I couldn‘t get a word out of her when she woke up this morningFather: Does Barry know anything about it ? Didn‘t she go with him to his friend‘s yesterday afternoon ? Wait a minute , I‘ll give him a shout . Barry ! Come here , Will you ?Barry: What‘s up?Father: Didn‘t you say you were going to watch a video at your friend‘s yesterday? Mother: Well, what exactly did you watch ? Debbie‘s been having the most terrible nightmares.Barry: Oh, I don‘t know ! Some film his dad had left lying around . About a man who had been burned to death in a car crash, who came back from the dead to take revenge on young girls . He tears them to bits and eats them. It was a young girl , see , who ran in front of his car and made him crash . Don‘t know why it‘s giving her nightmares. Itwas really stupid , if you ask me ! Anyway, she didn‘t have to watch it . did she ? Mother:Y ou should have more sense at your age . Y ou should have stopped her watching it.Father:I blame the people who made films like that. They shouldn‘t be allowed to make them . They must be really sick! All they care about is making money –they don‘t care they are doing to kid s‘ minds.Listening IIIScriptDear Editor,Y our paper is great . I read with great interest your interpretation of dreams of teeth falling out .It is the same interpretation that many others use as well : needing to be heard etc. I myself had this dream repeatedly and was dying to know what it meant , as is was always confusing and disturbing . However , I was always unsatisfied with the ― needing to be heard ‖ thing.Y our might note that many people who have this dream are feeling worried , depressed or frightened as their teeth are falling out painlessly .Sometime they even try to keep the teeth from falling out . Finally I came up with a different interpretation , which fitted me much better . In fact , I‘ve had fewer dreams of this sort now .So I thought you might be interested .For me , the dream means I am talking TOO MUCH . It means thoughtlessness ,telling secrets , gossiping un wisely . And it‘s my subconscious warning me .Now ,if I have this dream ,I know I have been unwise with my big mouth ! Trying to cram the teeth back in , or stop them falling out ,or trying to find a dentist , actually means trying to stop the words or gossip from coming out , and the feelings of depression are reflecting the regret of being too revealing –usually to an enemy . I am much more aware of this now and not such a big mouth ! Maybe you could add to your interpretation,Best,KatieListening IVScriptSleep is something we generally associate with living creatures. Of course, it is true that a lot of animals sleep, but zoologists are not certain that primitive forms of animals life, like worms and snails, even really sleep. On the other hang, animals such as bears sleep for 4 or 5 months every year.The amount of sleep a human being needs depends on age, the individual and possibly race. .For example, doctors think that pre-school children need between 10 and12 hours a night; school children between 9 and 11 hours, and adults between 7and9 hours. There are exceptional cases of old people who sleep only between 2 and 3 hours a day and continue to be active and healthy. The sleep requirements of different races also appear to be different. Japanese people, for example, sleep, sleep fewer hours than Europeans.It is not known for certain if certain if mental activity (apart from dreaming) occurs when a person is asleep. However, it is certainly true that some people can wake up at a specific, pre-determined time. There are also stories about mathematicians who solve difficult problems during sleep, because their subconscious minds continue working on the problem.Some types of unpleasant dreams (or ‗‗nightmares‘‘)are quite common, the dreams is taking a test, but is not properly prepared. he is falling from a tree ,or an animal or thing is chasing him. Some people say these last two occur because man‘s ancestors lived in trees and were in constant danger from wild animals.。
【优质】现代大学英语听力2 原文及答案全
【原文】
Oliver Twist had no parents and lived in the workhouse.
"Good morning!" said the stranger.
"Good morning!" said Mark Twain. "Nice weather we're having!"
"Very nice indeed," said the stranger. "How was fishing?"
Task 2
【答案】
A.1) F 2) F 3) T
B.
1) d 2) b
【原文】
Mark Twain was a famous American writer. There were many stories about him. One day MarkTwain was fishing. A stranger came along.
But the Greek ships did not sail far. The Greeks stopped at a place near Troy, where the Trojanscould not see them, and hid their ships. At first the Trojans wanted to burn the wooden horse, but aGreek prisoner said, "Don't bum the horse. Bring it into Troy. It will help you."
现代大学英语听力2 Unit 5 Education
American School System
Secondary school
Upon completion of fifth grade (the last year of primary school), American children enrolled in the American education system advance to secondary school. Secondary school most commonly consists of a total of seven years, referred to as sixth through twelfth grades. The ninth through twelfth grades are most commonly referred to as high school. Upon completion of twelfth grade, American students are awarded a certificate called the high school diploma. In the American education system, students must have obtained a high school diploma before they are admitted into college or university.
Task 1
Objectives and Tips:
1. To try to grasp the general meaning of the material by the first time. 2. Pay attention to the two people’s different language style.
全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit 5
Unit 5 Unsolved MysteriesListening and SpeakingAudio Track 2-5-1In the picture on the left, a criminal is breaking a law; he is committing a crime.In the picture on the right, the detective is catching and arresting the criminal.In the picture in the center, the detective is questioning the criminal but he is not making a confession.Audio Track 2-5-2/Audio Track 2-5-3The greatest detectiveSherlock Holmes is probably the greatest detective ever known —well, at least he’s one of the most famous. Bu t he never actually existed … he’s an imaginary detective who appears in sixty stories created by the Scottish author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.Doyle was not always a writer. He started his career as a doctor. Fortunately for us, he did not have many patients. He needed money and so he started to write stories.The first Sherlock Holmes story was published in 1887, and was called A Study in Scarlet. Later, a magazine published The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and readers loved it!What makes Sherlock Holmes so special? Well, he was very intelligent and successful. He always arrested the criminal — every single time — with the help of his partner, Dr. Watson.In the stories, Holmes lived at 221B Baker Street in London, England. Thousands of people visit that address every year. There’s also a Sherlock Holmes Museum in London.Audio Track 2-5-4/Audio Track 2-5-5/Audio Track 2-5-6 Mike: … So, we can look forward to warmer temperatures. It’ll be a good weekend for the beach. Over to you, Alexa.Alexa: Thank you f or that weather report, Mike. And finally, this story just in. … We have a report that a local man, Nick Brown, saw some strange lights. He was driving home at about 10 p.m. He said the lights were bright and they moved across the sky. He stopped at a gas station and talked to a police officer about the lights. The police officer had seen the lights, too.Mike: Hmm … that’s a strange story. What happened next?Alexa: Well, Mr. Brown took some pictures, but there was no film in his camera. Finally, he called his wife on his cell phone. But by that time, the lights were gone.Mike: Well, I know that there is a legend around here about mysterious lights … a lot of local people have seen the lights. It’s starting to seem like those lights really exist. Wha t do you think, Alexa?Alexa: I don’t believe it. I think it’s some kind of hoax!Audio Track 2-5-7/Audio Track 2-5-8It was raining heavily. I couldn’t see clearly. I drove slowly. Suddenly, I saw a young girl. She was dressed neatly and standing in the middle of the road. I was surprised! Somehow, I stopped the car quickly.“What are you doing?” I asked. She looked at me strangely but didn’t answer. “Are you OK?” I asked. “I’m fine,” she answered. Then she smiled happily and walked away quietly. Nervously, I drove to my hotel and checked in. I told the clerk about the little girl. “Do you know her?” I asked. “Oh yes,” he said calmly.“That’s Mary Anne. She died five years ago on that road. It was a car accident during a rainstorm.”Audio Track 2-5-9The Tunguska MysteryIt was early morning. June 30, 1908, in eastern Russia. Suddenly, a terrible explosion rocked the forest in Tunguska. People fell to the ground, and all the trees for 2000 square kilometers were knocked down. People heard the explosion 800 kilometers away, and the fire burned for many weeks.Audio Track 2-5-10/Audio Track 2-5-11What caused this terrible explosion? A century later, scientists are still trying to find the answer. Here are some possible explanations.1. An asteroid: Asteroids are very large pieces of rock that go around in space and sometimes hit the planet. They can cause lots of damage. Some of them weigh as much as 100,000 tons. If an asteroid hit the earth, it would cause a huge explosion.2. A comet: Comets are giant balls of gas, ice, and rock with long tails. They travel through space in a regular pattern. Encke’s Comet was near Earth in 1908, and it’s possible that a part of it broke off and hit the earth.3. A UFO accident: Some people believe that a spaceship crashed into the ground in Siberia and its engine exploded.4. An extraterrestrial attack: Another idea is that extraterrestrials, that is, people from other planets, attacked the earth. Extraterrestrials might have wanted to destroy the earth, so they aimed their weapons at Earth and set fire to the forest.5. A scientific experiment: Another idea is that scientists made a mistake during an experiment with electricity. A man named Nikola Tesla tried to build a “supergun” that used electricity. Maybe it was a test of hi s gun and it didn’t work correctly.Audio Track 2-5-12/Audio Track 2-5-13Q: Where is Marfa and what exactly is it famous for?A: Marfa is a small town in west Texas in the United States. It’s famous for the “Marfa mystery lights.”Q: What are the mystery lights exactly?A: No one knows for sure. There are many different ideas about that.Q: Can you describe them?A: That’s a difficult question. Different people see different lights. They are not always the same. I can say that they appear after sunset in the sky. They dance mysteriously in air and vanish. Then they suddenly reappear.Q: Some people say they are car headlights. Do you think so?A: No, I don’t. A man first saw the mystery lights over 100 years ago. The man was Robert Ellison and the year was 1883. Of course we didn’t have cars in 1883.Q: What do you think causes the lights?A: There are many theories. The Native Americans thought the lights were stars falling to Earth. Some people think uranium gas causes the lights. Other people suggest that ball lightning does it. Ball lightning is lightning in the shape of circle. It often appears just after a rainstorm.Q: What are some of the weirdest ideas about the lights?A: Well, some people call them “ghost lights.” They think ghosts do it. That’s t he strangest idea. Some say they are UFOs. I don’t think so.Q: What do the experts say?A: They can’t figure it out. Some engineers even came from Japan one time. They studied the lights, but couldn’t solve the mystery.Q: Are the local people scared?A: No, actually, they aren’t. They like the lights. And every year in early September there’s a big town festival to celebrate the mystery lights.Audio Track 2-5-14Q: What do you think causes the lights?A: There are many theories. The Native Americans thought the lights were stars falling to Earth. Some people think uranium gas causes the lights. Other people suggest that ball lightning does it. Ball lightning is lightning in the shape of circle. It often appears just after a rainstorm.Q: What are some of the weirdest ideas about the lights?A: Well, some people call them “ghost lights.” They think ghosts do it. That’s the strangest idea. Some say they are UFOs. I don’t think so.Q: What do the experts say?A: They can’t figure it out. Some engineers even came from Japan one time. They studied the lights, but couldn’t solve the mystery.Q: Are the local people scared?A: No, actually, they aren’t. They like the lights. And every year in early September there’s a big town festival to celebrate the mystery lights.Audio Track 2-5-151. That man seems angry.2. She speaks French.3. Your sister looks tired.4. He practices the piano every day.5. My aunt always watches the news.6. My friend knows the answer.Audio Track 2-5-16/Audio Track 2-5-17Stye: Do you know the Dodd Diamond?Frye: Of course! The museum owns it.Stye: Not anymore! Someone stole it last night!Frye: Really? How did it happen?Stye: Well, it’s unlikely the criminal walked into the room. There’s an alarm on the floor.Frye: But there’s no a larm for the skylight.Stye: You’re right! I bet the criminal climbed down a rope. Then he took the diamond without touching the floor!Audio Track 2-5-18A: I love chocolate.B: There's a good chance that's true. I know you like sweets. You probably like chocolate, too. A: My family has moved house six times.B: It doesn't seem possible.A: Why do you say that?B: I've known you since we were kids.Audio Track 2-5-19A: Do you believe that Bruno Hauptmann was the real kidnapper?B: I doubt that he was. Nobody's likely to be so silly to leave all the evidence there for people to find. Besides, he never made a confession, did he?A: If it wasn’t him … it could have been Betty Gow. What do you think?B: Well, it’s unlikely that she did it. She loved the baby. She even fainted at the trial.A: That’s true. Then it could have been Ernie Brinkert.B: Why do you think it could be him?A: Well, he’s Violet Sharpe’s boyfriend. He knew about the Lindberghs. It’s quite possible that he made a secret plan with his girlfriend to kidnap the baby for money.B: That’s nonsense. His girlfriend had an alibi. She wasn’t in the house on the day the baby was kidnapped.A: Maybe that was part of the secret plan. Perhaps she was purposefully out of the house.B: Well, possibly. B ut Ernie’s handwriting didn’t match the kidnapper’s note. How can you explain that?A: I dare say that was also part of the plan. He could have deliberately written the note in a handwriting that is different to normal.B: It doesn’t seem possible. He couldn’t possibly have fooled the court.Video CourseVideo Track 2-5-1Agnes: When I was visiting my grandfather in his village I witnessed a very strange event. It wasn’t raining and the women of the village went to a special place to make the rain fall. And that night it rained.Dave: There’s a strange tale in Mexico about La Llorona who is a woman who wanders the streets weeping for her dead sons. When there is a strong wind they say you can hear La Llorona . Catherine: In New Jersey there’s a thing or a monster called the “Jersey Devil.” They say it’s very big and hairy but also very sneaky and that it moves from tree to tree.Lourdes: My favorite mysteries are about UFOs, which means Unidentified Flying Objects. I’m not sure if the UFOs are real or if they are a hoax, but I would like to think that they are real. Alejandra: One of the mysteries that I find interesting and has not been solved yet is the one of the Pyramids. How they made them. How they brought in those very heavy pieces of stone to build the Pyramids.Calum: My advisor and my teacher told us that the dorm that we lived in was haunted, and one time late at night all the lights turned off suddenly and it was very strange and quite scary.Video Track 2-5-2Agnes: When I was visiting my grandfather in his village I witnessed a very strange event. It wasn’t raining and the women of the village went to a special place to make the rain fall. And that night it rained.Calum: My advisor and my teacher told us that the dorm that we lived in was haunted, and one time late at night all the lights turned off suddenly and it was very strange and quite scary.Video Track 2-5-3Roberto: Does anybody know why Tara asked us to come here today?Takeshi: She said something about solving a crime and arresting a criminal.Claudia: Arresting a criminal?Tara: Yes, a criminal.Takeshi: Hey, Tara. Nice hat!Tara: Someone in this room has committed a crime.All: What? Come on. What are you talking about?Tara: A theft. Someone ate Sun-hee’s yogurt!Sun-hee: Well, my y ogurt is missing. But it’s OK. It’s only yogurt.Tara: It starts with yogurt. Next time it’s your cookies, your ice cream … who knows where it will end?Sun-hee: OK ... OK. Go on.Tara: It’s very likely one of you did it because you all have a key to this apartment.Takeshi: I only use my key for emergencies. And besides, you live here, you have a key … maybe you took it …Tara: I’m the detective, I didn’t do it. Now. The thief worked calmly, quietly, and very neatly. Note the weapon. (holds up spoon) Clean and dry.Roberto: I didn’t do it. I have an alibi. I was out of town last week … just got home last night. Tara: I know you didn’t do it, Roberto. I asked you to come here today because you are a friend of the thief — Claudia!Claudia: What?Tara: Confess! You’re always too busy to go shopping! You didn’t have any yogurt. You were hungry. It was late! You waited until everyone went to bed and then you slowly entered the kitchen, you made sure no one was there, then you carefully took this spoon and — very quietly — opened the refrigerator door and ate Sun-hee’s yogurt!Claudia: (jokingly) No! No! It’s not true!Mike: (enters apartment using key)Hey, everyone! (to Tara while taking spoon and walking towards fridge) Thanks. Nice hat! (to all while eating yogurt) What’s up?Video Track 2-5-4Roberto: Does anybody know why Tara asked us to come here today?Takeshi: She said something about solving a crime and arresting a criminal.Claudia: Arresting a criminal?Tara: Yes, a criminal.Takeshi: Hey, Tara. Nice hat!Tara: Someone in this room has committed a crime.All: What? Come on. What are you talking about?Tara: A theft. Someone ate Sun-hee’s yogurt!Sun-hee: Well, my yogurt is missing. But it’s OK. It’s only yogurt.Tara: It starts with yogurt. Next time it’s your cookies, your ice cream … who knows where it will end?Sun-hee: OK … OK. Go on.Video Track 2-5-5Tara: It’s very likely one of you did it because you all have a key to this apartment.Takeshi: I only use my key for emergencies. And besides, you l ive here, you have a key … maybe you took it …Tara: I’m the detective, I didn’t do it. Now. The thief worked calmly, quietly, and very neatly. Note the weapon. (holds up spoon) Clean and dry.Roberto: I didn’t do it. I have an alibi. I was out of town last week … just got home last night. Tara: I know you didn’t do it, Roberto. I asked you to come here today because you are a friend of the thief — Claudia!Video Track 2-5-6Claudia: What?Tara: Confess! You’re always too busy to go shopping! You didn’t ha ve any yogurt. You were hungry. It was late! You waited until everyone went to bed and then you slowly entered the kitchen, you made sure no one was there, then you carefully took this spoon and — very quietly— opened the refrigerator door and ate Sun-hee’s yogurt!Claudia: (jokingly) No! No! It’s not true!Mike: (enters apartment using key)Hey, everyone! (to Tara while taking spoon and walking towards fridge) Thanks. Nice hat! (to all while eating yogurt) What’s up?Audio Track 2-5-20One day, Tara found that someone had eaten Sun-hee’s yogurt without notice. So, she asked everyone to help her solve this “crime.” She thought that it was very likely that one of her friends stole Sun-hee’s yogurt because they all had a key to the apartment. While Sun-hee the owner was quite calm and generous about the missing yogurt, Tara got serious about the matter. She warned everyone that a misdemeanor might gradually become a real crime if it were not checked at the start. She seemed to be determined to solve the crime, though in a humorous way. She accused Takeshi first, but he denied it. While Tara was showing everyone the “weapon” — a clean, dry spoon —Roberto said that he had an alibi and hadn’t done it. Tara said she knew he hadn’t done it and that Claudia had done it! Just as Claudia was protesting that it wasn’t true, Mike suddenly walked in. He calmly went to the refrigerator, took out some yogurt, and ate it! Finally everyone came to know who the “thief” really was.。
现代大学英语听力2 原文及答案教学教材
现代大学英语听力2原文及答案Unit 1Task 1【答案】A.1) She wanted to see St. Paul’s Cathedral.2) She was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike.3) They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas and newspapers.4) Because she had often read about them and seen photographs of them, who all looked as if they were wearing a uniform.5) No, he didn’t.6) He used the English saying “It takes all kinds to make a world” to prove his opinion.B.If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if all the trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be!【原文】Yesterday morning Gretel went to the City of London. She wanted to see St. Paul's Cathedral. She was surprised to see so many Englishmen who looked alike. They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats. They were all carrying umbrellas and newspapers. When she returned home she asked Mr clark about these strange creatures. "They must be typical English gentlemen," she said." I have often read about them and seen photographs of them. They all look as if they are wearing a uniform. Does the typical English gentleman still exist?"Mr. Clark laughed. "I've never thought about it," he answered." It's true that many of the men who work in the City of London still wear bowler hate and I suppose they are typical Englishmen. But look at this." Mr. Clark picked up a magazine and pointed at a photo of a young man. "He's just as typical, perhaps. It seems as if there is no such thing as a 'typical' Englishman. Do you know the English saying 'It takes all kinds to make a world'? That's true of all countries-including England."“Oh, just like the poem ‘If All the Seas Were One Sea’,” Gretel began to hum happily. If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea that would be! If all the trees were one tree, what a great tree that would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, w hat a great splash that would be!”Task 2【答案】A.1) people were much busier2) colder than England; minus thirty degrees; last longer3) much more mountainous; much higher and much more rocky; more beautiful4) tend to be more crowded5) the houses; smallerB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F【原文】John is British but has worked in Japan. Etsuko is Japanese from Osaka, but she is studying in Britain. In the following passage you are going to hear, they are comparing life as they see it in the two countries. But before listening to it, think of the two countries and try to answer the following pre-listening questions.John: I found that living in Japan, people were busier. They seem to work the whole day.Etsuko: Yes, that’s right. We work from Monday through Saturday, even in summer. You know, summer in Japan is jus t horrible. It’s very, very humid and hot, and you need to shower three times a day.John: So you find it cooler in England?Etsuko: Yes, that’s right.John: Where I was living in Japan, in the North, it was much colder than England, especially in winter, minus thirty degrees centigrade. Does the winter in Osaka last longer than the winter in England?Etsuko: No, I don’t think so. December, January, February, March.John: Yes. It’s a little bit shorter if anything.Etsuko: Ever since I came here, I noticed that the countryside here in England is very beautiful.John: It’s much flatter than in Japan.Etsuko: Yes. Japan is a mountainous country and our cities are full of people. There are lots of people in a limited flat area.John: Yes, I found Japan much more mountainous than Britain, especially in the north. The mountains are much higher and much more rocky. I found it more beautiful than Britain, I think.Etsuko: Yes, if you like mountains.John: And therefore the towns and villages tend to be more crowded.Etsuko: Yes, that’s right.John: Yes. So because the cities are more crowded, the houses tend to be smaller, don’t they?Etsuko: Yes, they are very compact, and we don’t have a lot of space. In big cities we have a lot of taller buildings now.John: Is this a problem because there are more earthquakes in Japan?Etsuko: Yes, that’s right and…Task 3【答案】A.1) In the US, people usually dance just to enjoy themselves; they don’t invite other people to watch them.2)Usually eight people dance together.3)Because people form a square in dancing with a man and a woman on each side ofthe square.4) He usually makes it into a song.5) They wear old-fashioned clothes.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) TC.1) eight people form a square; on each side of the square2) what they should do; makes it into a song; sings it3) don’t have much time to think4) old-fashioned clothes【原文】Rosa: Why don’t you have folk dances in the United States? Most countries have special dances that the people have done for many years. The dancers wearclothes from the old days. Everyone likes to watch them dance.Steve: We have folk dances, too. A lot of people belong to folk dancing groups. But when they dance, they usually do it just to enjoy themselves. They don’tinvite other people to watch them.Rosa: Is there a folk dancing group here?Steve: I think so. There must be. There’s one in almost every city, and some big cities have several.Rosa: What are the dances like?Steve: Usually eight people dance together, four men and four women. When they start, they form a square, with a man and a woman on each side of thesquare. That’s why it’s called square dancing.Then there’s a man who tellsthe dancers what they should do. He usually makes it into a song. He singsit while they dance.Rosa: Oh, that should make the dances easy!Steve: Yes, but they are very fast. They don’t have much time to think. I like to watch them, though. The dancers wear old-fashioned clothes. That makesthe dances pretty to watch.Rosa: I’d like to watch a g roup dance.Steve: I’ll take you sometime.Task 4【答案】1) It was a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2) They burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck.3) The custom said the brides must wear “something old, something new, somethingborrowed, and something blue” to bring good luck.4)Because they could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so they triedto use up these things before Lent began.5)It was a straw man made by children in Czech; it was a figure of death.6)People brought their animals to church. And before the animals went into thechurch people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons.【原文】1) On the evening of February 3rd, people in Japanese families took one dried bean for each year of their age and threw the beans on the floor, shouting "Good luck in! Evil spirits out!" This was known as "Setsubun", a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2) Before the Chinese Lunar New Year in the old days, many Chinese families burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck. When Lunar New Year's Day came, they put ancw picture of the kitchen god on the wall.3) When American women got married, they sometimes followed an old custom in choosing what to wear on their wedding day. The custom said the bride must wear "something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue". This was to bring good luck.4) Before Lent (a time on the Christian calendar), the people of Ponti, Italy ate an omelet made with 1,000 eggs. People could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so they tried to use up these things before Lent began.5) When winter ended in Czech, the children made a straw man called "Smrt", which was a figure of death. They burned it or threw it in the river. After they destroyed it, they carried flowers home to show the arrival of spring.6) January 17th was St. Anthony's Day in Mexico. It was a day when people brought their animals to church. But before the animals went into the church, the people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons. This ceremony was to protect people's animals.Task 5【答案】A.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) T【原文】Man: Well, I think life used to be much more fun than it is now. I mean, look at the Victorians. They had lots of servants to do all the work; they never had to doany cooking or cleaning; they just wore those beautiful dresses and went totea parties.Woman: You must be joking! Their clothes were terribly uncomfortable and their tea parties were very formal and boring. They used to wear their hats and longgloves even when they were eating cakes and biscuits. And men were notusually invited.Man: Really? Weren't they?Woman: And think of the poor servants. What a terrible life — just cleaning and cooking for other people all the time!Man: But you hate housework!Woman: Yes, I know, but there are lots of machines now to help you with the housework. People don't need servants.Man: Maybe they don't, but life then was much slower than it is now-people nowadays are always rushing, and they never have time to stop and enjoythemselves.Woman: Life then was fine for the rich, but it was dreadful for the poor. There was much more illness. They didn't have the money to pay doctors, and they oftenused to die of illnesses that don't exist in England now.Man: Maybe. But people used to talk to each other, play the piano or play cards together. Nowadays people just sit in front of the television for hours andnever talk to each other.Woman: I agree with you about television; but what about their children? They left their Children with the servants all day. Children hardly ever saw theirparents! And the clothes they had to wear! Horrible, tight, uncomfortable,grown-up clothes. Children have a much better life now than they used to,and schools and education are much better too.Man: I hate school.Woman: And look at opportunities for women. In those days, women used to stay at home, play the piano, change their clothes several times a day and have teaparties. What a life! They didn't have any freedom at all. I'm very happyliving now. I can work, have a career, do what I want to.Man: You mean you can work hard all your life like a Victorian servant. Woman: Life isn't all tea parties, you know.Task 6【答案】A.1) b 2) a 3) c 4) aB.1) family unit; process; change; used to be; the extended; the nuclear2) job patterns; progressed; agricultural; industrial; forced; job opportunities; split up3) traditional; family; expanded; other living arrangementsC.1) mother, father, children, and some other relatives, such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby2)only the parents and the children3)previously married men and women marry again and combine the children fromformer marriages into a new family【原文】The American family unit is in the process of change. There used to be mainly two types offamilies: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family most often included mother, father, children, and some other relatives, such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby. Then as job patterns changed and the economy progressed from agricultural to industrial, people were forced to move to different parts of the country for job opportunities. These moves split up the extended family. The nuclear family became more prevalent; this consisted of only the parents and the children. Now besides these two types of traditional groupings, the word "family" is being expanded to include a variety of other living arrangements.Today's family can be made up of diverse combinations. With the divorce rate nearly one in two, there is an increase in single parent homes: a father or mother living with one or more children. "Blended families" occur when previously married men and women marry again and combine the children from former marriages into a new family. On the other hand, some couples are deciding not to have any children at all, so there is an increase in childless families. There are also more people who live alone: single, widowed, divorced. Now one in five Americans lives alone.Task 7【答案】A.B.1) c 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) c 7) c【原文】In Japan both men and women go to university and both men and women study the arts such as history or English. But very few women study science, medicine or engineering. In engineering classes of thirty or forty students, there may be only one or two women. Men and women both go to university in order to get good jobs: men want to work for a big company, be successful, earn a lot of money and support a family; women, on the other hand, want to work for a big company because they have a better chance of meeting a successful man and getting married. This is changing, however, as Japanese women begin to think about their own careers. They have began to take jobs which they like rather than jobs in order to find a husband.Men work for their whole lives and usually stay with the same company. A woman may work up to ten years, but after that she usually gets married. Most women are married by the age of twenty seven, then they stay at home and look after the children.A man does not cook or look after the children. When he comes home, his meal must be ready. The woman may go out in the afternoon, shopping with her friends or having a chat, but she must go back home by four o'clock to prepare the meal. Then she may have to wait a long time for her husband to come home. Often he has to go out for a drink after work: if he doesn't he may not rise very high in the company. After her children grow up, a woman can go back to work, but it is not easy. If her former company takes older women back, she might be lucky. But most women find it difficult to find a job when they are older.Task 8【答案】A.1) a 2) c 3) b 4) c 5) c 6) b 7) c 8) bB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) F 9) T 10) F【原文】Matthew: Geth, how do people set about getting married in England?Geth: I suppose the most common way is still for people to go home. For example, people who live in London now will go back to their homes in the provinceswhere they'll meet all their relatives and their parents, and they'll getmarried in a church, with the bride wearing white, the traditional white.Then they'll go off and have a booze-up with their relatives and friends anda jolly good time will be had by all. Otherwise you can get married in aregistry office, which means you turn up with your bride-to-be orbridegroom-to-be with two witnesses only. The ceremony takes about fiveminutes, I suppose. You sign the form and that's it.Matthew: There are many today who say that marriage is a complete waste of time.What's your view of marriage in the twentieth century?Goth: Well, I live in London as you know. I think in London, the tendency is to...for a... boy and girl, man or woman to live together before marriage andoften to live together without any prospect of marriage at all. I think thisprobably is... is true of London and the other big cities than elsewhere,because after all people in London are living in a big place where home tiesare obviously less restrictive. They can do more or less as they please and Ithink this is the pattern.Matthew: But do you think it helps for people to live together before taking their vows?Geth: I think in a sense the habit of living together before marriage may, in a strange sort of way, make marriage stronger, because after all the people will knoweach other better when they do get married and it might be suggested thatdivorce would be less likely between such a couple.Matthew: Sue, you've been married for two or three years now. How's it working out? Sue: I think it's a successful marriage. It's... I mean, it's difficult to say why, because we basically suit each other very much. We have a good friendship,apart from anything else, and, you know, we just go together very wellbecause we respect each other's freedom and individuality, but on the otherhand we really need each other, you know, it's...Matthew: What about.., have you thought of having children?Sue: Well, obviously, like most young couples, we have thought about it, but, you know, we both feel rather, sort of, loath to lose our freedom just yet. I thinkwe'll probably wait another few years.Matthew: Is it easy in England today to people to get divorced, or is that quite difficult?Chris: I think technically it's probably fairly easy, I think, because I'm not English but, I think technically it's fairly easy to be... to get divorced. But it's not justthe technicality of it which is the problem. Divorce is... is a social stigmawhich people can probably Cope with to varying degrees, but it's also a loteasier for the man because the woman, after she is divorced is, in fact,frowned upon by... by a lot of people in society. She is... is... at a... a muchmore difficult social position in terms of... of meeting other men, or whatever, simply because she is a divorcee.Task 9【原文】Social customs and ways of behaving change. But they do not necessarily always change for the better. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in the room.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable — especially if they are your guests. There is a story about a rich nobleman who had a very formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. Other guests were amused or shocked, but the nobleman calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.Unit 2Task 1【答案】1) b 2) a 3) d【原文】Texas was the biggest state before Alaska became the forty-ninth state in 1959. One good way to understand the size of Texas is to learn about its weather. Different parts of the state have very different kinds of weather.Laredo is one of the hottest cities in the United States in summer. The best time to visit Laredo is in winter, when it is pleasantly warm.Amarillo gets very cold in winter. Sometimes there is more snow in Amarillo than in New York, which is a northern city. Summers are better, but sometimes it gets quite hot. The best time to visit Amarillo is in the autumn when it is cool.If anyone asks you about the weather in Texas, ask him, “What p art of Texas do you mean？”Task 2【答案】A.1)T 2) F 3) FB.1) d 2) c 3) cC.climate, reputation, extraordinary, unreliable, dry, wet, clear, dull, hot, cold, bad, mild 【原文】Our friend, Nick, whose English gets better and better, declared solemnly the other day that he thought that the British climate was wonderful, but the British weather was terrible. He went on to explain by pointing out that the British climate was a temperate one. This meant, he said, "that you could always be certain that the weather would never be extreme — at any rate not for any length of time — never very hot and never very cold." He quite rightly pointed out that the rainfall in Britain, according to the statistics, was not very heavy. "Why then," he asked, "has the British climate such a bad reputation?" He answered by saying it was because of the extraordinary, unreliable weather. There was no part of the year at which you could be certain that the weather would be dry or wet, clear or dull, hot or cold. A bad day in July could be as cold as a mild day in January. Indeed you could feel cold at almost any time of the year. Nick blamed drafty British houses for this, but agreed you could also blame the small amount of sunshine and a great amount of dampness. He advised every student coming to Britain to bring an umbrella and to understand the meaning of that splendid word "drizzle".Task 3【答案】I.the country; Trees, grass, lakes and steamsII.A.1. concrete, iron, steel2. take in the heat during the day and throw off heat into the air at nightB. Warmer winters, car engines; electrical applianceⅢ.A. air pollution may stop sunlight from reaching the earthB.1. Ice near the North and South poles to melt2. to be slowly flooded and people living in these cities to move to higher land【原文】Cities change the climate around you. In the country, there are trees, grass, lakes, and streams. In hot weather, the trees and grass cool the area around them. Lakes and rivers also cool the area around them.But cities are not cooled in these natural ways. Cities are built of asphalt, concrete, iron, andsteel. There are few trees and usually not much grass. Rain falls onto the streets and into the sewers.When the summer sun shines, streets and buildings take in the heat; after the sun sets, the streets and buildings throw off heat into the street. Once the sun sets, the countryside cools off, but a city may stay hot all night.Cities are hotter than the countryside in winter, too. Standing near a car with its motor running, winter or summer, you will feel the heat thrown off by the engine. The heat comes from the gasoline burned by the engine. This heat warms the air and the ground around the car. Thousands of running cars are almost like thousands of small fires burning.Carefully put your hand near a light bulb or television set. As you can see, electricity creates a lot of heat. This heat from electricity warms the house and the outside air.The heat given off by cities can affect the climate. Some experts even believe that cities can change the climate of the whole world. They think that air pollution may stop sunlight from reaching the earth. If less sunshine reaches the earth, the earth may become cooler.Still other experts think the world will get warmer. If the world did get warmer, great changes would occur. Ice near the North and South poles would melt. This would make the oceans rise. Cities near oceans — like Los Angeles, Boston, and Miami — would slowly be flooded. People living in these cities would have to move to higher land.Task 4【答案】A.1) b 2) cB. night, delight; morning, warning; gray, way, red, headC.1) F 2) T 3) F【原文】A red sky at either dusk or dawn is one of the spectacular and beautiful weather predictors we have in nature. By closely observing this phenomenon, you can achieve short-range accuracy of the weather as good as, or better than your local weatherman. In the Bible, Jesus in Matthew 16, 2-3 is quoted as saying, “When it is evening, it will be fair weather: for the sky is red. And in the morning it will be foul weather today: for the sky is red” when speaking to the Pharisees. An old English weather proverb based on this passage is:Red sky at night, sailors delight.Red sky at morning, sailors take warning.OrEvening red and morning gray,Sends the traveler on his way.Evening gray, morning red,Brings the rain down on his head.At dusk, a red sky indicates that dry weather is on the way. This is due to the sun shining through dust particles being pushed ahead of a high pressure system bringing in dry air. A red sky in the morning is due to the sun again shining through dust. In this case however, the dust is being pushed on by an approaching low reassure system bringing in moisture. Don't confuse a red sky in the morning with a red sun in the morning. If the sun itself is red and the sky is a normal color, the day will be fair.Task 5【答案】1) c 2) b 3) d 4) c 5) c【原文】Mark: I am an avid fly fisherman and frequently find myself on the river ina raft during lightning storms. We always have a debate at thesetimes on where we are safest — pulling into shore or staying on thewater. Since I have heard one is safe in a car when lightning strikesI wonder if the raft floating on the water is insulated, and thereforethe safest place to be.Meteorologist A: We spoke with some scientists about your question, and they allagreed that under no circumstances should you remain on the waterduring a lightning storm. If your raft is made of rubber, you mightfeel that you're .well insulated, but don't kid yourself. Typicallightning flashes travel 10 to 15 kilometers and can deliver as muchas 100,000 amps of current. In comparison, a toaster uses about 10amps of current. If lightning strikes the water near you, it will haveno trouble traveling through a few extra centimeters of rubber. Meteorologist B: So, if you're on the water and a thunderstorm approaches, get to the shore and seek shelter on land. Try a building or car. If neither isavailable, look for a cave, cliff, wall, or a group of trees. Never takeshelter under an isolated tree-it's also a good target for lightning.Task 6【答案】A.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) TB.Incredible, one minute, one kilometer, destroyed, lifted up, carried away, killed, injured【原文】Every spring and summer many inland areas are hit by tornados. A tornado is a kind of storm. It's a revolving, funnel-shaped column of air that moves through the sky at very high speeds. A tornado looks like a huge, black ice cream cone whirling through the sky. The speed of a tornado is very fast-it is believed to be between 200 and 700 kilometers per hour.Tornados form under very special weather conditions, and these special weather conditions occur most often in inland areas, such as the central United States. A tornado forms when a layer of warm, dry air is on top of a layer of cooler, moist air. This combination of dry, warm air above wet, cool air creates a condition that causes the lower layer of air to lift up. As the lower air rises, both layers of air begin to rotate, to turn around and around. The air begins to rotate faster and faster because of centrifugal force. The tornado has a center called an “eye” and the air rotates quickly around this eye.As the air begins to rotate faster and faster, the tornado cloud begins to grow downward; that is, it begins to form a funnel or cone, and this cone goes down toward the ground.The cone of air is dark because it develops from a dark rain cloud. As the cloud gets longer, as the cloud gets closer to the ground, it begins to pull up dirt from the ground. Then the funnel ofrotating air becomes very dark because of the dirt in it. As the tornado funnel gets longer, it begins to drag along the ground.When the tornado touches the ground, it does incredible damage. It usually touches the ground for only about one minute, and it usually travels along the ground for only about one kilometer, but during that one minute, buildings are destroyed, trees are lifted up out of the ground, small objects are carried away, and sometimes people are injured or killed.Task 7【答案】A.1) b 2) a 3) bB.1) It has been nice weather during the day, but it is going to change at night.2) Fine weather in southern Europe and not so nice in northern EuropeFor todaySoutheast England---26 degrees Celsius by mid-afternoonSouthern Scotland---Maximum temperatures of around 21 degreesBrighton---15 hours of lovely sunshineMidlands---23 degrees Celsius by early afternoonNorthwest of Scotland---Light showers around middayFor the weekendSpain---34 degrees CelsiusGreece---32 degrees CelsiusFrance---Cloudy with rain, maximum temperatures of 22 degrees。
《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案unit5
Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.Unit 5Task 1【答案】A.1) People’s ideas on permanent education.2) One is an ordinary “man in the street”. The other is an educational psychologist.3) The first person thinks this idea of permanent education is crazy. He can’tunderstand people who want to spend all their lives in school. The second person thinks the idea of permanent education is practical because people are never really too old to go on learning.B.1) was; hated; stand; got out 2) all their lives 3) certain limits; age limits 【原文】Two people are interviewed about their ideas on education. One is an ordinary "man in thestreet"; the other is an educational psychologist.The man in the street:When I was at school, I hated it. I couldn't stand it. I wasn't happy until I got out. I think this idea of permanent education is crazy. I know some people go back to school when they're older, go to language classes at the local "tech" and all that, but I can't understand people who want to spend all their lives in school.The educational psychologist:The idea of permanent education is practical because we're never really too old to go on learning. Of course, there are certain limits, but they aren't age limits. For example, let's say a man past sixty tries to learn how to play football. It's foolish for him to do that, but only because his body is too old, not his mind!Task 2【答案】A.B.1) He stayed there for a year.2) He has faint, but very pleasant memories of it. He had fun and played games---including story-telling, drawing, singing and dancing.3) He began t have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.4) The exam was called the “Eleven Plus”. Students took the exam to see what kind of secondary school they would get into.【原文】John is talking to Martin about his primary schooling.Martin: Did you go to a state primary schoolJohn: Yes, I did. I went to a nursery school first, at the age of four, but this was purely voluntary. There was a good kindergarten in our neighbourhood so my parents decided to send me there for a year.Martin: Can you still remember itJohn: Yes, I have faint, but very pleasant memories of it. It was a delightful place, full of fun and games. As in most nursery schools, work — if you can call it that — consisted of storytelling, drawing, singing and dancing. Martin: You probably don't remember but you must have missed it when you left —you know, when you went to the Infants' School at the age of five.John: I suppose I must have, but you know, right up to the age of seven, school life was very pleasant. It was only later in the Junior School that we began to have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.Martin: Really Did you have to do exams at that ageJohn: Yes, we used to then. We had to take an exam at the age of eleven called the "Eleven Plus" to see what kind of Secondary school we would get into. But this exam has disappeared nowadays.Task 3【答案】A.1) compulsory; the ages of 5 and 16; state-funded; independent2) available; at a nursery school; in the nursery class at a primary school3) preparatory; primary; aged 5 to 134) enter the state education system; at the age of 5; secondary school5) 7, 11, 13 or 16; gain admission at 11 or 13; the Common Entrance Examination6) one further year; Advanced Supplementary Examinations; Advanced Level Examinations7) classroom; laboratory; work independently; undertake research for projects8) vocational; conventional9) secondary education; with A-levels; further; higherB.1) GCSE stand for the General Certificate of Secondary Education. It is normally take at the age of sixteen.2) Students usually study form 8 to 12 subjects over two years.3) Some subjects take account of the work students do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination.【原文】Education in the United Kingdom is compulsory for everyone between the ages of five and sixteen, and is provided by two kinds of schools: state-funded schools and independent (fee-charging) schools.Children educationPre-school or pre-preparatory education: pre-school education is available in both the independent and the state systems. Many children start their education at the age of three or four at a nursery school or in the nursery class at a primary school.Preparatory education: in the independent system, preparatory (or primary) education is available for children aged 5 to 13.Primary education: most children in the United Kingdom enter the state education system when they go to primary school at the age of five and generally move to secondary school or college at the age of 11.Secondary education (including the General Certificate of Secondary Education and equivalents)Most pupils enter independent boarding schools at the age of 7, 11, 13 or 16. To gain admission at 11 or 13, some pupils sit an exam called the Common Entrance Examination. At 16, they enter the school to study in its sixth form (for A-levels and equivalent qualifications).All UK secondary schools, both state and independent, teach pupils at least until the age of sixteen and prepare them for the General Certificate of SecondaryEducation (GCSE) or equivalent qualifications. Significant numbers of international students enter the UK secondary education system when they are either eleven or thirteen. Many attend independent boarding schools.GCSEs in vocational subjects are normally taken at the age of 16. Following these, students can do one further year of academic study before taking Advanced Supplementary examinations (AS-levels).Alternatively, there are career-based qualifications, such as General National Vocational Qualifications (GNVQs) or vocational A-levels, which can be taken after one or two years of study. All these courses give access to university or further study.Students usually study from 8 to 12 GCSE subjects over two years. Most students study a core of statutory subjects and choose additional subjects from a list.On any GCSE course, you receive formal tuition in the classroom and laboratory but are also encouraged to work independently and undertake research for projects, often outside school hours. Educational visits, either on your own or as part of a small group, are often part of the timetable. Some subjects take account of the work you do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination. Examinations are independently marked and graded. GCSE grades range from A (the highest) to G.New GCSEs in vocational subjects are a career-based version of the GCSE. Eight subjects are available: Art and Design, Business, Engineering, Health and Social Care, Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Leisure and Tourism, Manufacturing, and Science. One vocational GCSE is equivalent to two conventional GCSEs. As with other GCSEs, grades range from A (the highest) to G.Sixth-formers usually finish their secondary education at the age of eighteen with A-levels or equivalent qualifications, then go on to study at either furtheror higher education level.Task 4【答案】A.B.1) F 2) F【原文】Kate: Yes, it's difficult to teach children these days, when many of them know they won't get jobs. It's hard to control the class if you can't punish them.I often hit them with a ruler. Of course, in my part of Scotland we'reallowed to hit them, and I think it's necessary — some children needdiscipline.Interviewer: What do you think, Rolf I know you feel very strongly about corporal punishment.Rolf: I don't agree with Kate. I know it's difficult to be a teacher, but I think it always has been. But you don't have to use violence. It'simpossible to teach students about non-violence and being good citizenswhen you are violent yourself.Interviewer: What do the Welsh think, Jane Rolf thinks corporal punishment is wrong. Jane: Yes, I think so too.Interviewer: And RaoulRaoul: Well, I think it's sometimes necessary. When one child constantly disobeys, you have to beat him, or else send him away —maybe to a specialschool. It's impossible to teach the rest of the class if you have onestudent who constantly misbehaves. It's bad for the others. Interviewer: Did anyone beat you when you were at schoolRaoul: Well...Task 5【答案】A.1) Because the television program by that name can now be seen in many parts of the world.2) This program is very popular among children. Some educators object to certain elements in the program. Parents praise it highly. Many teachers also considerit a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.3) In order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.4)1. The reasons may include the educational theories of its creators, the supportby both government and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks2. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch “Sesame Street”alongwith their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on “Sesame Street”.3. The best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.B.1) six million; regularly; half; economic; racial; geographical2) fifty; Spanish; Portuguese; German; one hundred thousand; English; every two weeks3) songs; stories; jokes; pictures; numbers; letters; human relationships【原文】Sesame Street" has been called "the longest street in the world. That is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world. That program became one of America’s exports soon after it went on the air in New York in 1969.In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly. The viewers include more than half the nation’s pre-school children, from every kind of economic, racial, and geographical group.Although some educators object to certain elements in the program, parents praise it highly. Many teachers consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.Tests have shown that children from all racial, geographical, and economic backgrounds have benefited from watching "Sesame Street". Those who watch it five times a week learn more than the occasional viewers. In the United States the program is shown at different hours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.In its American form "Sesame Street" is shown in nearly fifty countries. Three foreign shows based on "Sesame Street" have also appeared in Spanish, Portuguese, and German. Viewers of the show in Japan buy one hundred thousand booklets with translations of the English sound track every two weeks.The program uses songs, stories, jokes and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers, letters and human relations. But there are some differences. For example, the Spanish program, produced in Mexico City, devotes more time to teaching whole words than to teaching separate letters.Why has "Sesame Street" been so much more successful than other children's shows Many reasons have been suggested. People mention the educational theories of its creators, the support by the government and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch "Sesame Street" along with their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on "Sesame Street". But the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.Task 6【答案】A.1) It is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system andhave computers available for all students.2) Its web site provides information about the school, the teacher and their mailaddresses. It also lists student events and organizations.3) They learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers theywill need later in their education.B.1) 1994; 35%; Last year; 89%2) universities; colleges; urge; require【原文】One of the goals of American education officials is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system and have computers for all students. Government studies show that in 1994 only 35 percent of American public schools were connected to the Internet. Last year, that number reached 89 percent.Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is a large university in the southern state of Virginia. Officials at Virginia Tech say computers are very important to a student's education. All students at Virginia Tech have been required to have a computer since 1998.Each student's living area at Virginia Tech has the necessary wires to link a computer to the Internet. The students can send and receive electronic mail, use the World Wide Web part of the Internet and link with other universities, all without leaving their rooms. They can also use their computers to send electronic copies of their school work to their teachers. And they can search for books in the school's huge library.Most major American universities and colleges strongly urge or require new students to have a computer. Most colleges and universities also have large roomswhere students can use computers for classwork.American high schools also have computers. Many have their own areas on the World Wide Web. If you have a computer you can learn about Fremont Union High School in Sunnyvale, California, for example. Its web site provides information about the school, the teachers and their electronic mail addresses. It also lists student events and organizations.Young children also use computers in school. Smoketree Elementary School, in Lake Havasu, Arizona is a good example. The school also has a World Wide Web site. It tells about the school and the teachers and has an area for young children. These young children use computers in school to learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers they will need later in their education.Task 7【答案】A.I. spoken; writtenA. saying poetry aloud; giving speechesB. advanced degrees; field of study; custom; candidates; doctor’s degreeII. writtenA. nineteenthB. the great increase in population; the development of modern industryC.1. objective; personal opinions; memory of facts and details; range of knowledge;a fairer chance; easier; quicker; learning2. essay; ling answers; broad general questions; the element of luck; put facts together into a meaningful whole; really knowing much about the subject; have trouble expressing their ideas in essay form; examiner’s feelings at the time of reading the answer.III.unsatisfactory; along withB.b【原文】In ancient time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome , testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor's degree.Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines. There is nothing very human about the examination process.Two types of tests are commonly used in modern schools. The first type sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts., not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.For testing a student's memory of facts and details, the objective testhas advantages. It can be scored very quickly by the teacher or even by a machine. In a short time the teacher can find out a great deal about the student's range of knowledge.For testing some kinds of learning, however, such a test is not very satisfactory.A lucky student may guess the correct answer without really knowing the material. For a clearer picture of what the students knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use “essay” tests, which require students to write long answer to broad general questions.One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more about the student’s ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students are able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.Besides, on an essay test the student's score may depend upon the examiner's feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark. From this standpoint the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.Most teachers and students would probably agree that examinations are unsatisfactory. Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student's knowledge can usually be obtained.Task 8Americans know that higher education is the key to the growth they need to lifttheir country, and today that is more true than ever. Just listen to these facts. Over half the new jobs created in the last three years have been managerial and professional jobs. The new jobs require a higher level of skills.Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.。
现代大学英语听力2听力原文及题目答案Unit
Harry: Maybe not; but you'll learn to care about the money too, when you've got a family to keep.
In the station she went to one of the automatic ticket machines but she didn't have enoughchange, so she had to join the queue at the ticket window. She bought her ticket and ran to theescalator. Laura went to the platform and waited for the tube. It arrived and the crowd moved forward.
Nora: Now ifI were a man I'd be a farmer. To see the crops growing--that's my idea of a goodlife.
Harry: Yes, and to see the money rolling in is more important still.
Ihad two months until my new job began.It was like waiting an entire summer for school to start.Ispent those two months talking to figure skating coaches and judges.Iread boring rule books.Idrove to the rinks where the skaters trained, and made notes about our conversations.Ieven took a lesson, which made some of the skaters laugh.
现代大学英语听力原文及答案unit
Unit 5Task 1【答案】A.1) More than 38 million people2) Ms. Stanecki is an UN AIDS Senior Adviser. She says that some of the fastest growing epidemics can found in Asia.3) Intravenous drug use.4) Anti-AIDS drags are widely available there. This has made some people pay less attention to the danger of becoming infected with HIV.B. 1) F 2) F 3) F 4) TC. worsening, five million, Africa, 25 million, one million,increase, political and financial, have access, one in five, more than half【原文】A new report by the UN AIDS organizations finds the global AIDS epidemic is worsening. The agency says more people in all regions around the world are becoming infected with HIV, the virus which causes AIDS.UN AIDS reports that significant progress has been made in providing treatment for larger numbers of AIDS victims and in achieving greater political and financial commitments in the fight against the fatal disease. Despite this, the report says none of these efforts has been enough to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS. Last year, the report notes five million people became newly infected with HIV. That is more people than any previous year. Currently, it says, more than 38 million people are living with the disease.UN AIDS Senior Adviser Karen Stanecki says Asia, with 60 percent of the world's population, is home to some of the fastest growing epidemics in the world. In 2003 alone, she says, more than one million people became infected with HIV.“Equally alarming, we have only just begun to witness the full impact of AIDS on African societies as infections continue to grow and people are dying in large numbers. The scale of the problem in Africa is well documented, with over 25 million infections. If we don’t act now, 60 percent of today’s 15-year-olds will not reach their 60th birthday.”The report says the Caribbean is the hardest hit region in theworld after Africa. It also finds the HIV/AIDS epidemic is continuing to expand in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, mainly due to intravenous drug users.UN AIDS says infections also are on the rise in the United States and Western Europe. It blames this largely on the widespread availability of anti-AIDS drags, which it says has made some people in these wealthy countries complacent.UN AIDS Director of Monitoring and Evaluation, Paul De Lay, acknowledges that around the world prevention programs are reaching fewer than one in five people who need them. Nevertheless, he says there has been a dramatic increase in prevention activities for young people and several other successes as well."In Africa, for instance, 60 percent of children have access to AIDS education both in primary and secondary schools. That is a huge increase from the late 1990s. In highly vulnerable groups like sex workers, we are seeing a real success story in Africa. 32 percent of sex workers that are identified have access to HIV prevention and there is a large increase in condom use in this population."The report says global spending on AIDS has increased greatly, but, more is needed. It estimates $12 billion will be needed by next year, and $20 billion by 2007, for prevention and care in developing countries. The United Nations says AIDS funding has increased sharply in recent years, in part due to the US government's global AIDS initiative. But it says still globally less than half the money needed is being provided.Task 2【答案】A.1) 40,000, addicted, nature, nurture2) won’t, addict, prone3) genetic, fixed, fated4) regulations, implicationsB. 1) a) 2) b) 3) a)C.1) Human genes are all under close study in laboratories.2) It implies that insurance companies or employers might take advantage and discriminate against those who have been identified as being at high risk.【原文】Mary Gearin: Welcome to the lab. Like it or not, we're all in thePetri dish now as more scientists than ever look forthe cause of our habits lying hidden in our genes.Dr. Whitfield: The advances in DNA technology mean that techniquescan be applied to this type of research which weren'tpossible before and which give the prospect of what youmight call an explosion in outcomes in actual findingsthat we can use.Mary Gearin: It's a detective story with an unknown number ofvillains. We haven't established how many of our 40,000genes may leave us more likely to be addicted, but somescientists do believe they've confirmed a layperson'sprinciple—that we're about half nature, half nurture.Dr. Whitfield: The conclusion at the moment is that geneticsaccounts for about half the variation in liability toa number of kinds of addiction and that environmentalinfluences, or just the random things that happen tous as we go through life, account for the other half.Mary Gearin: Of course, genes won't determine who will or won'tbecome an addict, only those who are more prone tobecoming one. Listen to a reformed smoker and a leadingresearcher in the field, Wayne Hall.Wayne Hall: I think we really do have a task in front of us toeducate people that “genetic” doesn’t mean fixed,immutable, unchangeable, fated. It still leaves plentyof room for human decision, choice and capacity toinfluence and change behaviour.Mary Gearin: Wayne Hall is pushing for regulations to deal with theethical implications that have inevitably surfaced.Wayne Hall: If we were able to identify people in advance as beingat high risk because they possessed a set of genes, thenthat might have adverse effects on them in terms of theway others in their social environment treat them. Itmight have effects if insurance companies take accountof that information or employers and so on.Mary Gearin: But would addicts take any more responsibility fortheir own actions Our distinctly unscientific sampleof smokers told us: not really. If a test came out, wouldyou have yourself tested to see if you had that geneJulie: Honestly, probably not.Mary Gearin: Would you want your kids to take that test to perhapsware them off smoking if they had that gene as wellJohn Mackay: Only if they become problem smokers I'd probably suggest it, yeah. Otherwise I wouldn't worry about it.Task 3【答案】A. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)B.[√] 2.[√] 3.[√] 5.[√] 7.[√] 9.[√] 10.[√] 12.[√] 13.C.1) elementary school teacher, frustrations, peers, taught, learnt2) high EQ, adults, children【原文】Claire Nolan: Hi. This is Claire Nolan.Bill Rodney: Any I’m Bill Rodney. Today we’ll be discussing EQ—not IQ. EQ: emotional intelligence. We've beenhearing a lot about EQ lately, and in fact you might haveseen Daniel Goleman's best-selling book about it in thebookstore. Your emotional intelligence quotient seemsto include both intra- and interpersonalrelationships—in other words, how well you handle yourown emotions, and how well you respond to others. Claire Nolan: Yes, but Bill, that's not exactly a new idea, is itI mean—I know a lot of old proverbs about thinkingbefore you act, and that kind of thing.Bill Rodney: That's true, but the term itself is a new one, and it shows that people have realized, the way you control yourfeelings is just as important as your education—maybeeven more important. But what's really interesting andthe focus of today's session is: Can you learn EQ We'llbe talking to three people today—all educators, intheir own way—to get their perspective on it. Our firstguest is Betty Cortina. Betty, you're an elementaryschool teacher. Do you really think that some kids havehigher EQ's than othersBetty Cortina: Oh sure! Even at five or six years old, some of thekids tend to be much more patient and easy-going thanothers. And then others are prone to shout and make abig fuss. I mean, I don't want to make it sound as ifit's bad to be spirited, or anything, but if you can'tcontrol your emotions, even at that age, you can havea lot of problems.Bill Rodney: Like whatBetty Cortina: Well, if you can't deal with setbacks, you don't make progress; and if you're always impatient, your peersdon't like you.Bill Rodney: Can you give us an exampleBetty Corrina: Sure. One example is how kids deal with frustration.Imagine a child who is having trouble doing a mathproblem. She gets frustrated with the problem, throwsher pencil down, yells angrily, "This is a stupidproblem! I hate it!" Another child, with a higher EQ,might be able to handle the situation better. She mighttry different ways to approach the problem, or ask forhelp, and so on. And she will be more successful becauseshe won't let her negative feelings get in the way ofher task.Bill Rodney: I guess I can understand that, but my question is: Can you learn to have a higher EQ Let’s see, our nextguest is Jim McDonald. Do you want to respond to thatquestionJim McDonald: Yes. Well, as you know, I run management training programs for a bank here in the city, and I agree thisEQ idea is d efinitely important. Let’s face it: Whenthe going gets tough, it’s much better for an employeeto have a positive, enthusiastic attitude than to dwellon failures. But what I find is that some people justtake life in stride and other people don't. I mean, ofcourse you can point them in the rightdirection—that's what I try to do in my seminars—butsome people never learn to improve their EQ.Betty Cortina: No, I disagree. Kids can be taught to have patience and not to give up when things go wrong. They learn torespond well to their emotions. They learn how to sitstill and listen, and how to respect others. And I don'tbelieve we are born with a high emotional intelligencequotient. I think we have to learn those skills.Jim McDonald: Okay, so maybe you can teach children, but frankly,I don't see how adults can ever change. I mean, I workwith a lot of managers, and the good ones are sharp,perceptive people who respond well to change. I don'tthink the others can learn that.Bill Rodney: Why notJim McDonald: Well, part of the problem is that people with a low EQ have a difficult time seeing how their behavioraffects other people. They see no reason to change.Their behavior has negative effects—for themselvesand for others—but they don't see it that way. Theytend to blame other people for the problems they arehaving. People like this just don’t work well withother people. I’d say they have a lower EQ andthey’ll probably never adjust their behavior.Task 4【答案】A.1) Marriage counsel/Psychologist.2) Yes.3) With help, he learned to see that his wife’s success was also his success instead of his failure.B.1) T 2) F 3) T【原文】Bill Rodney: Our third guest, Ian Davis, is a marriage counselor.Ian, from the perspective of a marriage counselor, canadults change their EQ'sIan Davis: Yes. I am a psychologist and I work with couples, married couples, who are having problems. From what I can see,some people, adults, I mean, can change their EQ's.Bill Rodney: How soIan Davis: Well, I think that the key to keeping a relationship together is learning to empathize with your partner.Bill Rodney: Did you say "empathize"lan Davis: Yes, it's crucial. Couples who have successful relationships try hard to understand each other'sfeelings. First, you have to put yourself in yourpartner's shoes. That makes it easier for you to makeallowances for your partner's weaknesses. You have tolearn to control your reactions even when you feel angryor resentful.Bill Rodney: So you're saying people can learn those things Don't you think that, as Jim said, some people have it and somedon'tIan Davis: No, I disagree strongly with what he said. I do see people change. If I didn't think people could change, I'd be ina different line of work!Bill Rodney: I'm not quite sure I understand what you're saying.Tell us about someone you've seen acquire a higher EQ. Ian Davis: Well, let me tell you about a case I saw recently. I had some clients, a husband and wife, a few months ago,and the wife had gotten a promotion at work. Now thehusband was happy for her, of course, but he also felta bit jealous. He felt like a failure because he hadn’tgotten a promotion at his job.Bill Rodney: So what happened to themIan Davis: Well, the husband had to learn to swallow his pride and put aside his negative feeling. I told him to concentrateon the good thing that had happened to his wife insteadof thinking about himself. With practice, he was able tosee that her success was also his success, not his failure.I really think he raised his own EQ by doing that.Bill Rodney: Thank you, Ian. And I’ll remember to keep EQ in mind.Maybe I can get a little better it! And thank you, Bettyand Jim, for joining us today.Task 5【答案】1) He should have asked some questions, like what kind of work she did, or how long she spent at the computer every day.2) Acupuncture.3) They have to be more careful before they recommend operations.4) He tends to get better when it’s warmer.C.Column 1 Column 2Linda Jenkins Atlanda, GeorgiaShelley Travers Eugene, OregonRay Ishwood New York City【原文】Bill: Good morning, everyone. This is Bill and the show is Body Talk.Today's topic is problems with doctors. Now, who hasn't hada problem with a doctor Call in and tell us yours. Our numberis 1-800-555-BODY. That didn't take long…here's our first caller now. Hello, this is Bill and you're on Body Talk! Shelley Travers: Morning, Bill. This is Shelley Travers, calling from New York City. Thanks for taking my call. I justwant to say how important I think it really is fora doctor to listen to a patient.Bill: Tell me about it! So, Shelley, what happened to you Shelley Travers: Well, I was getting these really bad, shooting pains in my back. I couldn't sleep at night oranything. So I went to my doctor, and he examined meand had me do all these tests and things. And I evenhad to go into the hospital for some X-rays. But afterall that—I mean, I took off a lot of time fromwork—they told me there was nothing wrong with me.I was thinking about trying alternative medicine andgoing to a chiropractor when a co-worker... I'm asecretary...Bill: What was that, Shelley I didn't catch all of what you said. You mean, you were in serious pain.., the doctor'stests didn't show anything…you were going to go to achiropractor...Shelley Travers: Well, yes, that's right. Awful, right But a co-worker said, "You know, your desk chair is too hard.If you sat on a soft cushion that might make your backfeel better." Anyway, she was totally right. So thenI felt really mad, because, I mean, I had taken allthat time from work to see the doctor, but all I reallyneeded was a cushion!Bill: So, your doctor hadn't really listened and asked the right questions, right, ShelleyShelley Travers: Yeah, that's right. He never asked me what kind of work I did, or how long I spent at the computerevery day. If he had asked some questions, he probablywouldn't have sent me for all those tests!Bill: Sure sounds like your doctor wasn't much help. But, I'm glad the cushion worked. Thanks, Shelley. Bye, now. Hi,Bill here. You're on Body Talk.Linda Jenkins: Hi there, Bill. My name is Linda Jenkins, and I’m calling from Atlanta, Georgia. I want to tell you whathappened to me… It’s kind of embarrassing though…Bill: Ah, go ahead. Linda, Don't be embarrassed. We're listeningLinda Jenkins: Well... ah... Okay. I had this big wart on my foot. It got so bad that I could hardly...Bill: Sorry to interrupt you, Linda. What did you say Linda Jenkins: A wart, you know, a hard lump. Kids get them on their hands all the time, but I got one on the bottom of myleft foot. So, my doctor said I'd probably need anoperation to remove it. Burn it off, or something. Hereally scared me!Bill: So, you were scared, but did you take his advice Linda Jenkins: No, actually, I didn't. But I was just desperate, because, you know, I could hardly walk. So, I decidedto try acupuncture.Bill: Wait a minute. I didn't catch that. What did you say Linda Jenkins: I tried acupuncture—I went to an acupuncturist. And you know, she really listened to me and got me to changemy diet and get more rest. She said the wart wasprobably a reaction to stress. I had been working latea lot. Eventually, the wart cleared up. I really thinkthat doctors have to be more careful before theyrecommend operations. Sometimes there's a much simplertreatment. I mean, if doctors put themselves in theirpatients' shoes, they might not be so quick to startcutting!Bill: You know, Linda, you're absolutely right! I couldn't agree with you more! Thanks for sharing your story withus. Good-bye, and good luck! Hello, you're on Body Talk. Ray Ishwood: Hello, Bill. Ray Ishwood, calling from Eugene, Oregon.Bill: How are you doing, RayRay Ishwood: Fine, Bill. Ah, well.., here's my story. For several years, I've had arthritis in my hands and wrists. Thiswinter—it was so cold and rainy—the pain got reallybad. My doctor gave me a series of injections, reallypainful, to my hands. He said that in a few weeks I wouldfeel better.Bill: Well, did you Did those painful shots helpRay Ishwood: Well... I don't really know... I mean, I'm feeling a lot better now, but I think it's because of the warmerweather. I tend to get worse when it's cold and rainyoutside. So, I don't think that the shots were that muchhelp. And they were very painful. I just don't want tocontinue with them if they don't really make much ofa difference.Bill: You're probably right, Ray. Well, I'm glad you're feeling better, and thanks for calling Body Talk.Task 6【答案】A. 1) c) 2) b)B. veracts, immune system, reaction, the sting, blood pressure, breathe, medicineC. A. immune system,B. red, itchy eyes, runny nose, difficult breathingC. 1. Normal2. Allergic【原文】Today I think we are ready to start talking about allergies, and about allergic reactions. In the first part of my lecture, I'm going to explain what an allergic reaction is. Then I will try to describe what an allergic reaction to a bee sting is like. In the second part of my lecture, I'm going to talk about allergy testing and allergy shots. I'll explain one way the testing is done. I'll also tell you how and why allergy shots are given. That's a lot to cover, so let's begin.What is an allergic reaction Well, an allergic reaction is really an action of the immune system in the body—an action of theimmune system in your body. The immune system's job is to protect you, to make antibodies to protect you from things that are dangerous to your health. In an allergic reaction, however, your body makes antibodies to something that isn't really a problem for the body—that is, it's not usually a problem for someone without an allergy. For example, milk and cats’ hair and dust are usually not dangerous to humans. But, for some reason, your body might produce antibodies to milk or to cats' hair or to dust. Your body is trying to protect you from these things.When the immune system does this, it is, in a sense, working too hard. The result is a fight. The fight is between your antibodies and the milk you drank or the cat hair or the dust you breathed in. You know your body is having a fight because you sneeze, or you have red, itchy eyes and a runny nose, or you feel tired, or you may have difficulty breathing. These are some of the common signs of an allergy.Now let's turn our attention to one specific allergic reaction. Let's look at what happens with a bee sting. Anyone who gets a bee sting will have some reaction. A normal reaction is pain and swelling and redness where the sting is. This type of reaction is also called a local reaction because the reaction is only in the location, the place, where the sting is.In contrast, an allergic reaction to a bee sting is a much stronger reaction. It is a general reaction that affects the whole body. This general reaction is called an anaphylactic reaction, a-n-a-p-h-y-l-a-c-t-i-c. This is shown in the figure on page 76, so take a look at the figure. In this kind of reaction, several things happen. There is pain and swelling, but it is all over the body, not just where the sting is. The person's legs, arms, feet, and face usually itch and turn red. It often becomes difficult for the person to breathe. The person can also become weak and confused. The blood pressure may drop. For some people, these reactions may continue for hours unless some medicine is given. In fact, the person can die if he or she isn't given medicine to stop the reaction.Task 7【答案】A. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) FB. definition, prevention, an unusual, antibodies, symptoms, Untreated, death, the thing, an allergic reactionC. under the skin, red bump, less sensitive, several times【原文】Now, if you are allergic to something, it's important to knowhow to prevent these reactions. One question is: How do people knowif they are allergic to something, say, if they are allergic to beestings One way to find out is to have an allergy test. One type oftest is a skin test. To do the test, the doctor injects a small amountof the venom, the poison from the bee, under the skin. You can seethis in the left hand figure on page 77. Then, the doctor watchesclosely to see what happens. The doctor pays attention to two things:the color of the skin and the size of the bump on the skin. Thisis shown in the right hand figure on the same page. If the skin reactsstrongly—in other words, if the bump is big and very red—this meansthe person is very allergic. If the skin only changes a little, theperson is only slightly allergic. If the skin doesn't change, thisusually means the person isn't allergic.If the doctor finds out the person is allergic to bees, or beestings, allergy shots are often recommended. In the allergy shots,the doctor uses a small amount of bee venom. The doctor does thisto make the person less sensitive to the venom, in other words, tobuild up the person's immunity to the venom. This is similar to whatdoctors do when they give children shots against childhood diseaseslike measles.Each visit, the doctor increases the amount of venom in the shot.The doctor starts off with a very small amount of venom and usesslightly more each time. Increasing the amount builds up immunityto the venom. This immunity will not protect the person from a beesting, of course. If the person gets stung, he or she will stillget a local reaction, but will not have an allergic reaction. Okay,so that's basically how the allergy shots work.To sum up the main points of our talk today, let's recall whatan allergic reaction is and how allergic reactions can be prevented.Remember that an allergic reaction is an unusual reaction tosomething that doesn't normally affect people. In an allergicreaction, for example, to a bee sting, the body keeps producingantibodies and the person can have an anaphylactic reaction. Thiscan be very serious, and the person may even die if he or she isn'tgiven medicine. Allergy shots help you to prevent an allergicreaction. They help make someone less sensitive to the thing thatcauses the allergy, such as the bee venom.Okay, well, if can remember these points, I think that's all fortoday.Task 8【原文】Want your kids to eat healthy Check your own diet. The more fruit and vegetables Mom and Dad eat, the more Junior is likely to consume, according to a study of two-to-six-year-olds at London's University College. And youngsters who were introduced to these foods earlier tended to reach for them more often. Those who had been breast-fed ate fruit and vegetables more frequently than bottle-fed kids. The likely reason Breast milk takes on the flavours of the food Mom eats.Speaking of milk, researchers found that girls who met calcium requirements had mothers who drank more milk. Moreover, those who got at least the minimum recommended amount of calcium at age five (800 mg daily) were nearly five times as likely to so at age nine (1,300 mg daily).。
现代大学英语听力2_dictation原文
Unit 1Social customs and ways of behaving change. But they do not necessarily always change for the better. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in the room.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable — especially if they are your guests. There is a story about a rich nobleman who had a very formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. Other guests were amused or shocked, but the nobleman calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.Unit 2Undoubtedly, Tibet is one of the harshest places for human existence. It is cool in summer but freezing cold in winter. In Lhasa, the mildest city temperature may exceed 29C in summer while plummeting to -16C in winter! Sun radiation is extremely strong in Tibet. The sunlight in Lhasa is so intense that the city is called Sunlight City. The thin air can neither block off nor retain heat so that the temperature extremes can be met in daytime and the same night respectively in Tibet. However it is not impossible to visit the holy snow land. April to October is the best time to visit Tibet, out of the coldest months, which are from December to February usually. The average temperature in north Tibet is subzero and winter arrives in October until the following May or June. July and August are the best time to visit the area, enjoying warm temperature, intense sunshine, beautiful scenery and festive events. May, June and September is the tourist season in east Tibet. In winter, roads are all blocked by heavy snow. Landslides and rock falls frequently occur, which will make travel difficult.Unit 3I could hear the guard blowing his whistle, so I ran onto the platform and up to the train.Luckily someone saw me coming, a door opened, and I jumped on while the train was moving out of the station. “Phew!” I thought. “That was hard work!” I was sure the other passengers could hear my heart beating; it was so loud, and I was in a cold sweat.After a while, I recovered, and had a look at the other passengers. The compartment was full, but I was the only one standing. The people in the carriage turned their eyes away as they noticed me looking at them; all except one, a beautiful woman sitting in the corner. I saw her watching me in the mirror. Automatically, I adjusted my tie. She had seen me running for the train: maybe this was my lucky day after all. I prepared to say hello.She spoke first, however. “Would you like my seat?” she asked. “You look rather ill.” That was the day on which I realized I was getting middle-aged.Unit 4Aesop was a very clever man who lived in Greece thousands of years ago. He wrote many good fables. He was known to be fond of jokes. One day, as he was enjoying a walk he met a traveler, who greeted him and said, “Kind man, can you tell me how soon I shall get to town?”“Go,” Aesop answered.“I know I must go”, said the traveler, “but I should L ike you to tell me how soon I shall get to town.”“Go,” Aesop said again angrily.“This man must be mad,” the traveler thought and went on.After he had gone some distance, Aesop shouted after him, “You will get to town in two hours.” The traveler turned around in astonishment. “Why didn’t you tell me that before?” he asked.“How could I have told you before?” answered Aesop. “I did not know how fast you could walk.Unit 5Americans know that higher education is the key to the growth they need to lift th eir country, and today that is more true than ever. Just listen to these facts. Over half the new jobs created in the last three years have been managerial and professional jobs. The new jobs require a higher level of skills.Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.Unit 6I began my career during college, reporting on news stories at a Toronto radio station. The station’s program manager was also a professor who taught one of my classes. I convinced him that she needed a youth reporter because that year was International Youth Year. After graduation, I took a job as a television news reporter and later, news anchor. But sports reporting was something different, so I decided to try it. Figure skating was my first assignment.I had two months until my new job began. It was like waiting an entire summer for school to start. I spent those two months talking to figure skating coaches and judges. I read boring rule books. I drove to the rinks where the skaters trained, and made notes about our conversations. I even took a lesson, which made some of the skaters laugh.Unit 7Thomas Edison was one of ten said to be the greatest genius of his age. There are only a few men in all of the history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be happy only because someone said he was a genius.“ There is no such thing as genius,” Edison said. He said that what people called genius was mostly hard work.But Edison was a dreamer as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature, he often said, is full of secrets. He tried to understand them; then, he tried to learn what could usefully be done with them.Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people will do almost anything instead ofthe difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking can give men enjoyment and pleasure.Unit 8The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says hunger kills millions of people each year — especially children . The UN organization says millions more people will die unless more money is invested to fight against hunger.This is b ased on the result of a new UN study called “The State of Food Insecurity in the World, 2002”. It found that more than nine million people die each year from hunger. Six million of them are children younger than age five. Researchers also found that the nu mber of starving people is growing in some parts of the world.The report says that about eight hundred and forty million people around the world are getting enough food to eat. Ninety-five percent of these people are in developing countries.Unit 9In contemporary English, there are many reported differences in the talk of males and females . In same gender pairs having conversations, women generally discuss their personal feelings more than men . Men appear to prefer non-personal topics such as sport and news . Men tend to respond to mention personal experiences that match or connect with the other woman’s . There is a pattern documented in the American English social context of women cooperating and seeking connection via language, whereas men are more competitive and concerned with power via language . In mixed-gender pairs having conversations, the rate of men interrupting women is substantially greater than he reverse. Women are reported to use more expressions associated with tentativeness , such as “hedges” and “tags” , when expressing an opinion : Well ,erm , I think that golf is kind of boring , don’t you ?Unit 10The University of Oxford, situated in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world . The universities of Oxford and Cambridge are sometimes referred to collectively as Oxbridge. The two universities have a long history of competition with each other, as they are two oldest and most famous universities in England.The date of Oxford’s foundation is unknown, and indeed it may not have been a single event , but there is evidence of teaching there as early as 1096. When Henry II of England of forbade English students to study at the University of Paris in 1167, Oxford began to grow very quickly . The foundation of the first halls of residence, which later became college, dates from this period and later. Following the murder of two students accused of rape in 1209, the University was disbanded, and this led to the foundation of the University of Cambridge. In 1214, the University returned to Oxford with a charter, and the University’s status was formally confirmed.Unit 11Planet Earth is 4,600,000,000 years old. If we condense this time span we can compare it to a person 46 years old. Only at the age of 42 did the Earth begin to flower. Dinosaurs and the great reptiles did not appear until one year ago, when the planet was 45. Mammalsarrived only eight months ago, and in the middle of last week human-like apes developed into ape-like humans, and last weekend the last ice age covered the Earth.Modem man has been around for 4 hours. During the last hour agriculture was discovered. The Industrial Revolution began a minute ago. Since then, we have multiplied our numbers to plague proportions, caused the extinction of 500 species of animals, turned the planet upside down in the search for fuels, and now we stand, arrogant with power, on the edge of a war to end all wars, and close to effectively destroying this oasis of life in the solar system.Unit 12London is one of the biggest cities in the world. It has a population of over 8 million. Some people like it very much because there is a lot to do there and it is very interesting. There are hundreds of cinemas, theatres, museums and restaurants there. But other people don't like it because there is so much traffic and noise everywhere.Brighton is a medium-sized town with a population of around 300,000. It is on the coast, about 50 miles from London. Of course it isn't as interesting as London, but the air is a lot cleaner and better. There are a few factories, but not many. It isn't very easy to find a good job there. But there are a lot of hotels and language schools in the town, and in the summerthe town is full of tourists.Unit 13An old man died and left his son a lot of money. But the son was a foolish young man, and he quickly spent all the money, so that soon he had nothing left. Of course, when that happened, all his friends left him. When he was quite poor and alone, he went to see Nasreddin, who was a kind, clever old man and often helped people when they had troubles.“My money has finished and my friends have gone,” said the young man. “What will happen to me now?”“Don’t worry, young man,” answered Nasreddin. “Everything will soon be all right again. Wait and you will soon feel much happier.”The young man was very glad. “Am I going to get rich again then?” he asked Nasreddin.“No, I didn’t mean that,” said the old man. “I meant that you would soon get used to being poor a nd to having no friends.”Unit 14The future will not determine itself. The future is determined by the actions of the present day.Edward Cornish, the editor of The Futurist magazine published by the World Future Society, says:The responsibility we have for the future begins when we recognize that we ourselves create the future — that the future is not something imposed upon us by fate or other forces beyond our control. We ourselves build the future both through what we do and what we do not do.A novel way of teaching may change the way universities are run. An engineering teacher at the American University of Illinois has had great success without textbooks, without examsand without deadlines. His students won nine of the top ten engineering awards in a university competition.The engineering professor, Ricardo Uribe, let his engineering students express themselves, in-stead of telling them what to do. His students all focused on the problems that interested them, not what their teacher told 'them. They worked their own hours, not hours set by the university. They did not have to sit tests, and they helped each other in open classes.Unit 15Newspapers are one of the main sources from which we learn what is going on--in world politics, science, local government, the arts, fashion, food, education and sports. The papers we choose show our interests and usually the politics which we believe in. There are nine national daily newspapers in Britain, of which five are tabloids and four are quality papers. Do these newspapers realty serve the people they are written for? Many people question the objectivity of newspapers. How objective are they? We might be better able to judge if we understand how a newspaper is produced. Reporters, of course, are the sou rce from which the facts must come, but there are many other people who are involved in and influence newspapers.。
听力教程第二版第二册Unit-5答案
MIKE: On videotape.
KATHY: Yeah, they use videotape. So then the videotape is played through a computer.
Parents should notignorethe young child'sappealto teach him to read. But the task should beundertakengently, with greatpatienceand a sense ofhumourReadingshould never bemadeto look like achoreand the child should never be forced tocontinue, if his interests start tofalg
Should the young child ask his parents to teach him to read, and if the parents are capable of doing so, such an appeal should not be ignored. But the task should be undertaken gently, with great patience and a sense of humour.Readingshould never be made to look like a chore and the child should never be forced to continue, should his interest start to flag*.
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Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.Unit 5Task 1【答案】A.1) People’s ideas on permanent education.2) One is an ordinary “man in the street”. The other is an educational psychologist.3) The first person thinks this idea of permanent education is crazy. He can’t understand peoplewho want to spend all their lives in school. The second person thinks the idea of permanent education is practical because people are never really too old to go on learning.B.1) was; hated; stand; got out 2) all their lives 3) certain limits; age limits【原文】Two people are interviewed about their ideas on education. One is an ordinary "man in the street"; the other is an educational psychologist.The man in the street:When I was at school, I hated it. I couldn't stand it. I wasn't happy until I got out. I think this idea of permanent education is crazy. I know some people go back to school when they're older,go to language classes at the local "tech" and all that, but I can't understand people who want to spend all their lives in school.The educational psychologist:The idea of permanent education is practical because we're never really too old to go on learning. Of course, there are certain limits, but they aren't age limits. For example, let's say a man past sixty tries to learn how to play football. It's foolish for him to do that, but only because hisbody is too old, not his mind!Task 2【答案】A.Age SchoolingFour Nursery SchoolFive The Infants’ SchoolSeven The Junior SchoolB.1) He stayed there for a year.2) He has faint, but very pleasant memories of it. He had fun and played games---including story-telling, drawing, singing and dancing.3) He began t have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.4) The exam was called the “Eleven Plus”. Students took the exam to see what kind of secondary school they would get into.【原文】John is talking to Martin about his primary schooling.Martin: Did you go to a state primary school?John: Yes, I did. I went to a nursery school first, at the age of four, but this was purely voluntary.There was a good kindergarten in our neighbourhood so my parents decided to send methere for a year.Martin: Can you still remember it?John: Yes, I have faint, but very pleasant memories of it. It was a delightful place, full of fun and games. As in most nursery schools, work —if you can call it that —consisted of storytelling, drawing, singing and dancing.Martin: You probably don't remember but you must have missed it when you left — you know, when you went to the Infants' School at the age of five.John: I suppose I must have, but you know, right up to the age of seven, school life was very pleasant. It was only later in the Junior School that we began to have more formal lessonsand even worry about exams.Martin: Really? Did you have to do exams at that age?John: Yes, we used to then. We had to take an exam at the age of eleven called the "Eleven Plus"to see what kind of Secondary school we would get into. But this exam has disappearednowadays.Task 3【答案】A.1) compulsory; the ages of 5 and 16; state-funded; independent2) available; at a nursery school; in the nursery class at a primary school3) preparatory; primary; aged 5 to 134) enter the state education system; at the age of 5; secondary school5) 7, 11, 13 or 16; gain admission at 11 or 13; the Common Entrance Examination6) one further year; Advanced Supplementary Examinations; Advanced Level Examinations7) classroom; laboratory; work independently; undertake research for projects8) vocational; conventional9) secondary education; with A-levels; further; higherB.1) GCSE stand for the General Certificate of Secondary Education. It is normally take at the ageof sixteen.2) Students usually study form 8 to 12 subjects over two years.3) Some subjects take account of the work students do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination.【原文】Education in the United Kingdom is compulsory for everyone between the ages of five and sixteen, and is provided by two kinds of schools: state-funded schools and independent (fee-charging) schools.Children educationPre-school or pre-preparatory education: pre-school education is available in both theindependent and the state systems. Many children start their education at the age of three or four at a nursery school or in the nursery class at a primary school.Preparatory education: in the independent system, preparatory (or primary) education is available for children aged 5 to 13.Primary education: most children in the United Kingdom enter the state education system when they go to primary school at the age of five and generally move to secondary school or college at the age of 11.Secondary education (including the General Certificate of Secondary Education and equivalents)Most pupils enter independent boarding schools at the age of 7, 11, 13 or 16. To gain admission at 11 or 13, some pupils sit an exam called the Common Entrance Examination. At 16, they enter the school to study in its sixth form (for A-levels and equivalent qualifications).All UK secondary schools, both state and independent, teach pupils at least until the age of sixteen and prepare them for the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) or equivalent qualifications. Significant numbers of international students enter the UK secondary education system when they are either eleven or thirteen. Many attend independent boarding schools.GCSEs in vocational subjects are normally taken at the age of 16. Following these, students can do one further year of academic study before taking Advanced Supplementary examinations (AS-levels).Alternatively, there are career-based qualifications, such as General National Vocational Qualifications (GNVQs) or vocational A-levels, which can be taken after one or two years of study.All these courses give access to university or further study.Students usually study from 8 to 12 GCSE subjects over two years. Most students study a core of statutory subjects and choose additional subjects from a list.On any GCSE course, you receive formal tuition in the classroom and laboratory but are also encouraged to work independently and undertake research for projects, often outside school hours. Educational visits, either on your own or as part of a small group, are often part of the timetable. Some subjects take account of the work you do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination. Examinations are independently marked and graded. GCSE grades range from A (the highest) to G.New GCSEs in vocational subjects are a career-based version of the GCSE. Eight subjectsare available: Art and Design, Business, Engineering, Health and Social Care, Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Leisure and Tourism, Manufacturing, and Science. One vocational GCSE is equivalent to two conventional GCSEs. As with other GCSEs, grades rangefrom A (the highest) to G.Sixth-formers usually finish their secondary education at the age of eighteen with A-levels or equivalent qualifications, then go on to study at either further or higher education level.Task 4【答案】A.Topic of This Discussion: Corporal PunishmentArguments/ReasonsInterviewees Positionon This TopicFor/AgainstKate For It’s difficult to teach children these days, whenmany of them know they won’t get jobs. It’shard to control the class if you can’t punishthem. Some children need discipline.Rolf Against It always has been difficult to be a teacher. Butyou don’t have to use violence. It’s impossibleto teach students about nonviolence and beinggood citizens when you are violent yourself.Jane AgainstRaoul For Its’ impossible to teach the rest of the class ofyou have one student who constantlymisbehaves. It’s bad for the others.B.1) F 2) F【原文】Kate: Yes, it's difficult to teach children these days, when many of them know they won't get jobs.It's hard to control the class if you can't punish them. I often hit them with a ruler. Ofcourse, in my part of Scotland we're allowed to hit them, and I think it's necessary —some children need discipline.Interviewer: What do you think, Rolf? I know you feel very strongly about corporal punishment.Rolf: I don't agree with Kate. I know it's difficult to be a teacher, but I think it always has been. But you don't have to use violence. It's impossible to teach students aboutnon-violence and being good citizens when you are violent yourself.Interviewer: What do the Welsh think, Jane? Rolf thinks corporal punishment is wrong.Jane: Yes, I think so too.Interviewer: And Raoul?Raoul: Well, I think it's sometimes necessary. When one child constantly disobeys, you have to beat him, or else send him away — maybe to a special school. It's impossible toteach the rest of the class if you have one student who constantly misbehaves. It's badfor the others.Interviewer: Did anyone beat you when you were at school?Raoul: Well...Task 5【答案】A.1) Because the television program by that name can now be seen in many parts of the world.2) This program is very popular among children. Some educators object to certain elements in theprogram. Parents praise it highly. Many teachers also consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.3) In order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.4)1. The reasons may include the educational theories of its creators, the support by bothgovernment and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks2. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch “Sesame Street”along with theirchildren. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on “Sesame Street”.3. The best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feelable to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.B.1) six million; regularly; half; economic; racial; geographical2) fifty; Spanish; Portuguese; German; one hundred thousand; English; every two weeks3) songs; stories; jokes; pictures; numbers; letters; human relationships【原文】Sesame Street" has been called "the longest street in the world. That is because the televisionprogram by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world. That program became oneof America’s exports soon after it went on the air in New York in 1969.In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly. The viewersinclude more than half the nation’s pre-school children, from every kind of economic, racial, andgeographical group.Although some educators object to certain elements in the program, parents praise it highly.Many teachers consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when firstgraders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.Tests have shown that children from all racial, geographical, and economic backgrounds havebenefited from watching "Sesame Street". Those who watch it five times a week learn more thanthe occasional viewers. In the United States the program is shown at different hours during theweek in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.In its American form "Sesame Street" is shown in nearly fifty countries. Three foreign showsbased on "Sesame Street" have also appeared in Spanish, Portuguese, and German. Viewers of theshow in Japan buy one hundred thousand booklets with translations of the English sound trackevery two weeks.The program uses songs, stories, jokes and pictures to give children a basic understanding ofnumbers, letters and human relations. But there are some differences. For example, the Spanishprogram, produced in Mexico City, devotes more time to teaching whole words than to teachingseparate letters.Why has "Sesame Street" been so much more successful than other children's shows? Manyreasons have been suggested. People mention the educational theories of its creators, the supportby the government and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks. Perhaps anequally important reason is that mothers watch "Sesame Street" along with their children. This ispartly because famous adult stars often appear on "Sesame Street". But the best reason for thesuccess of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The childfinds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.Task 6【答案】A.1) It is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system and have computersavailable for all students.2) Its web site provides information about the school, the teacher and their mail addresses. It alsolists student events and organizations.3) They learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers they will need later intheir education.B.1) 1994; 35%; Last year; 89%2) universities; colleges; urge; require【原文】One of the goals of American education officials is to have all public schools connected tothe Internet computer system and have computers for all students. Government studies show thatin 1994 only 35 percent of American public schools were connected to the Internet. Last year, that number reached 89 percent.Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is a large university in the southern stateof Virginia. Officials at Virginia Tech say computers are very important to a student's education.All students at Virginia Tech have been required to have a computer since 1998.Each student's living area at Virginia Tech has the necessary wires to link a computer to the Internet. The students can send and receive electronic mail, use the World Wide Web part of the Internet and link with other universities, all without leaving their rooms. They can also use their computers to send electronic copies of their school work to their teachers. And they can search for books in the school's huge library.Most major American universities and colleges strongly urge or require new students to havea computer. Most colleges and universities also have large rooms where students can use computers for classwork.American high schools also have computers. Many have their own areas on the World Wide Web. If you have a computer you can learn about Fremont Union High School in Sunnyvale, California, for example. Its web site provides information about the school, the teachers and their electronic mail addresses. It also lists student events and organizations.Young children also use computers in school. Smoketree Elementary School, in Lake Havasu, Arizona is a good example. The school also has a World Wide Web site. It tells about the school and the teachers and has an area for young children. These young children use computers in school to learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers they will need laterin their education.Task 7【答案】A.I. spoken; writtenA. saying poetry aloud; giving speechesB. advanced degrees; field of study; custom; candidates; doctor’s degreeII. writtenA. nineteenthB. the great increase in population; the development of modern industryC.1. objective; personal opinions; memory of facts and details; range of knowledge; a fairer chance; easier; quicker; learning2. essay; ling answers; broad general questions; the element of luck; put facts together into a meaningful whole; really knowing much about the subject; have trouble expressing their ideas in essay form; examiner’s feelings at the time of reading the answer.III.unsatisfactory; along withB.b【原文】In ancient time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome , testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special studyof the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor's degree.Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines. There is nothing very human about the examination process.Two types of tests are commonly used in modern schools. The first type sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts., not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.For testing a student's memory of facts and details, the objective test has advantages. It canbe scored very quickly by the teacher or even by a machine. In a short time the teacher can findout a great deal about the student's range of knowledge.For testing some kinds of learning, however, such a test is not very satisfactory. A lucky student may guess the correct answer without really knowing the material. For a clearer picture of what the students knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use “essay”tests, which require students to write long answer to broad general questions.One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner moreability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how about the student’sdeeply he has thought about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students are able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.Besides, on an essay test the student's score may depend upon the examiner's feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower scorethan he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark.From this standpoint the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.Most teachers and students would probably agree that examinations are unsatisfactory. Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student's knowledge can usually be obtained.Task 8Americans know that higher education is the key to the growth they need to lift their country, and today that is more true than ever. Just listen to these facts. Over half the new jobs created inthe last three years have been managerial and professional jobs. The new jobs require a higher level of skills.Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.。