2#车间钢筋施工方案
2用英语怎么写
1.2用英文怎么写2的英文是two。
词汇分析音标：英[tuː] 美 [tu]释义：n. 两个adj. 两个的num. 二短语Two Whatevers 两个凡是Two Women 烽火母女泪；两个女人；战地两女性；两女Two Cops 特警冤家；两个警察；锄暴特警；两个刑警Two Soldiers 两个士兵；两名士兵；同胞兄弟；幽默英语故事两名士兵Two Lamps 两盏巨灯Perfect Two 新天生一对；天生一对；咸菜贤才大贤永才例句1、They teamed Class One with Class Two.他们将一班和二班编成一队。
我们用两个师包围了这座城市。
3、We talked about two hours, but he hedged over my questions.我们用两个师包围了这座城市。
4、Working together for two months welded them into a group.在一起工作两个月使他们形成了一个团体。
5、He died two months ago.他两个月前去世了。
2.2的英文怎么写2的英文是two。
two英 [tu：] 美 [tu]n. 两个；两个东西；两点钟；一对；adj. 两个的；我同；num. 两个；第二；二；双语例句1. It's a long way to go for two people in their seventies.对于两个七十几岁的人来说，这段路太远了。
他在那儿的时候体重下降了2英石。
3. I undid the bottom two buttons of my yellow and grey shirt.我解开了自己黄灰相间的衬衫上最下面的两个纽扣。
4. It would be difficult to find two men who were more dissimilar.很难找到彼此间差异更大的人了。
语言学练习Exercise2
Chapter 2 5
Exercises
I. Fill in the blanks. 11. _____ is the smallest linguistic unit. Phoneme 12. According to _____, when there is a choice as to where to place a consonant, it is put into the onset rather than the coda. the maximal onset principle
Chapter 2 7
Exercises
II. Choose the best answer. 15. An aspirated p, an unaspirated p and an unreleased p are _____ of the p phoneme. A. analogues B. tagmemes C. morphemes D. allophones D 16. The opening between the vocal cords is sometimes referred to as _____. A. glottis B. vocal cavity C. pharynx D. uvula A
Chapter 2 14
Exercises
III. Decide whether the following statements are true [T] or false [F]. __ 29. Two sounds are in free variation when they occur in the same environment and do not contrast, namely, the substitution of one for the other does not produce a different word, but merely a different pronunciation. T __ 30. [p] is voiced bilabial stop. F
我的揪痧瘾（2020、2）
我的揪痧瘾（2020、2）我的揪痧瘾医⽣在线⽹2008/12/1709:22来源：我叫⼩美，⼩时侯经常看见⼈们揪痧，但从没体验过，是在我⾼中后，有⼀次重感冒，吃药也不见好，晚上妈妈说我给你揪揪痧吧，我没说什么，妈妈就在我脖⼦后边揪开了，刚开始还不是很疼，但随着吧吧的揪痧声，妈妈的⼿劲越来越⼤，我疼的乱叫，妈妈说痧很重，必须得揪透了才⾏，不管我怎么喊叫，妈妈就是不停⼿，⽽且我越动她就越⽤⼒，我只好咬着⽛强忍着，妈妈从脖⼦⼀直连着揪到肩膀，⼜把整个后背都揪了个遍.我以为终于揪完了，可妈妈⼜在我前胸揪了起来，特别疼，我眼泪都出来了，可妈妈就是不⼿软，揪了⼀个多⼩时，只到把我上⾝揪的紫⿊紫⿊的没⼀块好地⽅才罢⼿，揪出我⼀⾝汗，可别说，揪完我就特轻松舒服了.从此以后我⼀感冒发烧的就让妈妈给揪，我还真喜欢上了这种痛并很快乐的感觉.隔⼀段时间不舒服了就让⽼妈给揪揪全⾝.后来结婚了，我很希望⽼公能给我好好揪⼀次，可他不喜欢揪，总也不给我揪，⽽且他不舒服也不让我给他揪.有⼀次我发烧，晚上实在难受的不⾏，让⽼公给揪揪他怎么也不肯，后来看我不⾏就给我在后背刮了刮痧，可我总觉的没有揪痧的过瘾.⽣完孩⼦后我落下了腰疼的⽑病，去诊所拔了⼏次罐后，感觉挺管⽤，⽼公看我腰疼的直不起来也很着急，后来我治我的腰学会了拔罐，经常在我腰疼的时候给我拔罐、⾛罐、按摩、揪痧等，现在⽼公拔罐揪痧的技术很⾼，不光给我整治腰，在我感冒的时候也会给我揪痧、拔罐，现在我⼜可以感受揪痧拔罐了。
在⽼公的经常拔罐按摩下我的腰疼的次数少多了。
在我的影响下⽼公也爱上了揪痧拔罐，在他不舒服的时候，我也会很体贴的为他揪痧拔罐，他也没那么怕疼了。
现在⽼公⼀不舒服就主动让我给他揪痧。
我们两经常是旧痕未去⼜添新伤，但我们都很快乐！⽼公有⼀次在外地感冒了给我打电话说：“⽼婆我越来越离不开你了，你要在我⾝边就可以给我揪痧了，我真的好难受。
”我说：“你以前不是怕疼⽼不让揪吗？现在想起我的好了？你到外边诊所拔拔罐吧！回来我给你揪。
2020新译林版高中英语选修第二册unit2课文翻译(英汉对照)
Unit2Building the future构建未来ReadingRenewable energy:a gift for the future可再生能源:给未来的礼物There was once a village surrounded by fertile fields with farmers tending their crops and farm animals grazing lazily below a mighty mountain.Then coal was discovered,and soon titanic-sized earth-digging machines circled the village. Villagers eagerly accepted the high-paid jobs the mining company provided,bringing a temporary economic boom.Meanwhile,the machines cut through everything in their path to access the coal buried beneath.Many years later,all that remained was a deserted village and an enormous hole.从前有一个村庄，四周都是肥沃的田地，农民们在那里照料着他们的庄稼，家畜在巍峨的山下懒洋洋地吃草。
后来，人们发现了煤，很快，巨型挖土机就环绕了整个村子。
村民们急切地接受了矿业公司提供的高薪工作，带来了短暂的经济繁荣。
与此同时，采煤机穿过路上的一切障碍物来开采埋在地下的煤炭。
许多年后，只剩下一个废弃的村庄和一个巨大的洞。
The scenario is tragic,but it only partly describes the damaging effects fossil fuels have on the environment when they are mined.Actually,once burnt,they produce a large quantity of carbon dioxide,which in turn traps heat and causes global warming.Humans are clearly facing a critical moment,so a move towards clean, renewable energy is inevitable.Renewable energy sources,which include solar,wind, hydroelectric,tidal,biomass and geothermal energy,are perfect alternatives to fossil fuels.One of the reasons is that their carbon dioxide emissions tend to be lower.A study found that renewable energy sources emit about50g or less of carbon dioxide per kilowatt-hour over their lifetime,compared to about1,000g for coal.Besides, fossil fuels are non-renewable,whose reserves are estimated to dry up one day in the future.In contrast,renewable energy sources are basically inexhaustible and will be available to us for a few billion more years if our planet remains safe and healthy.这种情况是悲惨的，但它只是部分描述了化石燃料在开采时对环境的破坏性影响。
周边地面 2
周边地面——对没有地下室的建筑指底层房间外墙内侧两米范围内的地面。
对有地下室埋墙的建筑，指从室外地面和埋墙的交线算起向下两米内为周边地面。
非周边地面——对没有地下室的房间指底层地面中周边地面以外的部分。
有地下室埋墙的建筑，非周边地面指埋墙和地面面积的和减去从室外地面和埋墙交线算起向下两米的面积。
关于周边地面和非周边地面的几点说明1．周边地面和非周边地面的定义周边地面指距外墙内表面2m以内的地面，其余部分划为非周边地面。
位于室外地面以下的外墙（地下室外墙）应从与室外地面相平的墙壁算起，往下2m范围内为周边地面，其余部分划为非周边地面。
2．节能标准中对周边地面和非周边地面传热阻的计算《民用建筑节能设计标准》（采暖居住部分）JGJ26-95和《公共建筑节能设计标准》GB50189-2005对周边地面和非周边地面热阻采用了不同的计算方法，应分别对待。
A) 居住建筑：换热阻计算依据来源于《供热工程》（贺平孙刚编著）。
由于室内热量通过地面传到室外的路程长短不同，即热阻值不同，靠近外墙的室内地面，距离室外路程短，热阻值小，传热量大，反之远离外墙的地面热阻值大，传热量小，离外墙8m以远的地面，传热量基本不变。
基于上述情况，在工程上一般采用近似方法计算，把地面沿外墙平行的方向分成四个计算地带（每2m为一个地带，8m以外地面按第四地带考虑），如图1示。
1) 对于贴土非保温地面（组成地面的各层材料导热系数λ都大于1.16W/m?℃），各地带的传热系数和换热阻如下：周边地面传热系数限值为0.52 W / m2·℃地区，考虑到非保温地面第一地带（周边地面）的传热系数为0.47 W / m2·℃，小于限值0.5 2W / m2·℃,可不做保温；非周边地面（第二、三、四地带）不做保温时传热系数最大值为0.23 W / m2·℃,小于限值0.3 W / m2·℃，同样也能满足非周边地面限值的要求。
2的书写方法
2的书写方法在日常生活中，我们经常会涉及到数字2的书写。
无论是在学习、工作还是生活中，正确的书写方法都是非常重要的。
下面，我们就来详细了解一下数字2的书写方法。
首先，我们要明确数字2的基本形态。
数字2是阿拉伯数字中的一个，它的基本形态是一个弯曲的弧线，上面有一个小圆圈。
这是我们最常见的数字2的书写形式，也是最标准的书写形式。
在书写时，我们需要注意保持数字2的整体形状，保持圆润、匀称，不要出现歪斜、变形等情况。
其次，我们要注意数字2的书写顺序。
在书写数字2时，一般是从上到下、从左到右的书写顺序。
首先画出数字2的上半部分的曲线，然后再画下半部分的曲线，最后在上半部分的曲线上方画一个小圆圈。
这样的书写顺序可以帮助我们更好地掌握数字2的书写方法，保持数字的整体形状和美观度。
除了基本形态和书写顺序外，我们还需要了解数字2的书写规范。
在正式的文件、文书、报告中，数字2的书写需要符合一定的规范。
一般来说，数字2要与其他数字保持一致的字体、大小和风格，以保持整个文档的统一性和美观度。
在手写时，我们也需要注意字迹工整、规范，避免出现潦草、模糊的情况。
此外，数字2的书写还需要注意与其他数字的区分。
在一些情况下，数字2可能会与字母z混淆，因此在书写时要特别小心，确保数字2的书写清晰可辨，不会引起误解。
总的来说，正确的数字2的书写方法对我们的学习、工作和生活都是非常重要的。
通过掌握数字2的基本形态、书写顺序和书写规范，我们能够更好地书写出整洁、规范的数字2，提高书写质量，避免出现错误和混淆。
希望大家能够重视数字2的书写方法，不断提升自己的书写水平，为自己的学习和工作增添亮点。
新标准大学英语视听说教程2（听力材料文本及答案）
新标准⼤学英语视听说教程2（听⼒材料⽂本及答案）College culture Unit 1Unit 1 College cultureInside viewConversation1Janet ：So this is the Cherwell Boathouse –it’s lovely! And look at those people punting! It looks quite easy.Mark ：I’m not so sure about that! Janet, there’s something Kate an d I wanted to discuss with you. Some people in college are organizing charity events this term. We’ve decided to get involved.Janet ：Raising money for charity? Right. In China, people raise money for charity but students don’t usually do that.Mark ：Stu dents often do that here. Anyway, we’re thinking of doing sponsored punting.Janet ：Sponsored punting! What’s that?Kate ：Sponsoring is when people pay you to do something –like run a long distance. So people would be sponsoring students to punt.Janet ：What a great idea! I’d love to join you!Mark ：That’s why we’re telling you about it. So that’s decided then. Let’s make a list of things we need to do.Kate ：I’ll do that. One of the first things we should do is choose the charity. Mark ：Yes. And choose a day for the event. And we need to design the sponsorship form. I’ve got one here.Kate ：That looks fine, but we must change the wording. Who wants to do that? Mark ：I’ll do that. What have we got so far? Kate ：Choose a charity. Also a day for the event. Change the wording on the sponsorship form…Um … We have to decide where the punt will start from.Mark ：Cherwell Boathouse, no question! It's a very beautiful route from here, apparently.Kate ：I’m with you on that.Janet ：Me too …Conversation2Janet ：I’m not used to boats – Woah!Mark ：Whoops!Kate ：Watch out! You nearly hit me with that thing!Mark ：Sorry! I didn’t mean to. … OK, we’re off!Kate ：Maybe I should do the punting.Mark ：It’s fine. I’ve got the hang of it now – give me a chance.Kate ：Well, I’d like to have a go.Mark ：Supposing I do the first hour. Then you can take over for a while, if youwant to.Kate ：Yes, great.Janet ：You’re really good at it, Mark! This is fantastic! It’s exactly how I imagined lifehere! Look over there –isn’t it lovely!Kate ：Yes, it is.…Janet ：Kate, everything’s organized, isn’t it, for8 collecting the sponsorship money?Kate ：Yes, I’ve arranged for people to get the money to me by next Friday – if they haven’t paid online. I’ll coun t it all up. Janet ：Good. We’d better have a meeting soon after that, don’t you think? How much have weraised?Kate ：About 600.Janet：Fantastic! I’m so enjoying this!Mark ：Hey guys, I’ve got a suggestion – how about moving over to the bank and we can have ourpicnic! Hey, look, there’s Louise and Sophie!Mark ：Whoo …Girls Mark!Janet ：Are you all right?Mark ：Er … Of course I’m all right. Kate, I think it’s your turn to punt!Outside viewV/OHarvard University in Cambridge is one of the best universities in the world. We spoke to Alex Jude, the university’s Head of Communications. He explained that Harvard looks for the best and most talented students from around the world.AlexHarvard actually seeks students from around the world, the best students that we can find, to study chemistry, or study literature, or study government, or business. Our business school is particularly well-known around the world, as is the medical school and law school, so, um, and, and the Kennedy School of government, for the John F. Kennedy School of Government, so, er, we do seek very, very talented students and we have open doors for them.V/OWe asked five students at Harvard to tell us what kind of social life they have. AshleyUm, well relaxing is a little hard to do around here, but basically, I mean, I still, I, I live nearby anyway, so I see a lot of my friends, and … Um, there’s a good social life here if you look for it. I go to the gym, run. So that’s what I do.AdamIt is whatever you want it to be. It’s good. If you wanna go out party, do anything you can. If you wanna sit in your room and study all night like my friend over here, you can also do that.BrianSocially, like you said, it’s, it’s a lot of what you make it. Um, we don’t have fra ternities here, and so, you know, that’s, it’s obviously not as social. There’s not as many parties as there would be on another campus. Um, but on a Friday or Saturday night, there, there, there will be a party. Usually we end up studying until about 10 o’clock. And then we, and then we’ll go out and have fun maybe, or just watch a movie with friends, or, you know, whatever is going on for the night. JodieNot everyone would agree with me, obviously, but it’s, I think it’s a fun place to be.Int.Have you made a lot of friends?JodieOh, definitely.Int. ：Mm.JodieMany.Int.What, what do you do with your friends?JodieUm, well, I like to go to concerts. I’m in three music groups, so I have lots of rehearsals during the week for that. Um, just do, you know, some fun things, on the weekend.V/OWe asked the Harvard students if they use theInternet.AshleyUm, I, I use it a fairly good amount. Um, our library system is online, so I use that a lot. And a lot of my classes, you know, have to do research papers. You can find a lot of information on there, so.Int.So how often do you use it, a week, a day?AshleyUm, I use it probably on more of a weekly basis. Maybe three or four times a week. BrianOh yes, definitely. We live through the Internet actually. Well, I do a lot of research through the Internet, follow my stocks on the Internet. Um, well, even though e-mail is not officially Internet, we, that’s how we communicate a lot at college, so, through the e-mail.JohnUm, I use the internet mostly for, er, I’d say, sort of leisure purposes. I mean, I play, um, I use it for a lot of, I don’t, we don’t have TV in my room, so I use it, uh, uh, go to the CNN website, keep up on current events, things like that. Uh, I also, uh, you know, there’s some little games to play over the Internet. Um, just um, I go to /doc/7b7573332.htmlto see what’s happening, follow the Boston Red Sox, things like that. Um, I think a lot of courses use it to post things, but I, I don’t usually use it that much for research, or things. I tend to use the libraries for such things, so.Listening inPassage1V/OHi, I’m Nick Carter, and this is SUR, your university radio station. This morning we went around campus to ask freshers –now half-way through their first year –the question, “How are you finding uni?” Here are some of the answers we got. Speaker 1It’s cool. It’s everything I hoped it would be. I’m very ambitious, I want to be a journalist and I want to get to the top of the profession. I’ve started writing f or the university newspaper so I’ve got my foot on the ladder already. Speaker 2I’m working hard and the teaching is as good as I expected. And I’ve made some good friends. But I’m very homesick. I’m Nigerian and my family’s so far away.I went home at Christmas for a month – that really helped, but man, I miss my family so much.Speaker 3“How am I finding uni?” It’s great. It’s not perfect, nothing is, but, like, I’ve got a brilliant social life, just brilliant, and I’ve made lots of friends. For the first few months I just didn’t do, really enough work. But I – I talked about it with my parents and I’m working harder now and getting good grades. Speaker 4Actually, I’ve been quite lonely to be honest. I’m a bit shy … everyone else seemed to find it so easy to make friends straight away. But things have been better recently –yeah, they have. I’ve joined a couple of clubs and like, it really helps to get to know people when you have shared interests. So, yeah –I’m feeling a lot happier now.Speaker 5Uni’s great, I love it. My only problem –and it’s quite a big problem –is money. My parents are both unemployed so, you know, they can’t help me financially. My grant just isn’t –it’s just not enough for me to live on, so I’ve taken a part-time job as a waitress – a lot of people I know, like a lot, have had to do the same. I don’t want to have huge debts at the end.Speaker 6I love my subject, History, and I’m, I’m getting fantastic teaching here. I want to be a university lecturer and that means I have to get a first. I have a good social life but work definitely comes first for me.Passage2Oxford and Cambridge – two universities so similar that they are often spoken of together as“Oxbridge”. They’re both in the UK, fairly near London, and both regularly come top in any ranking of the world’s best universities.The two universities began within a century of each other. Oxford University, now 900 years old,was founded towards the end of the 11th century. In 1209 there was a dispute between the university and the townspeople of Oxford. As a result, some of the Oxford teachers left and founded a university in the town of Cambridge, some 84 miles away. Ever since then, the two institutions have been very competitive.Unlike most modern universities, both Oxford and Cambridge consist of a large number of colleges. Oxford has 39 and Cambridge 31. Many of these colleges have old and very beautiful architecture, and large numbers of tourists visit them.In all UK universities, you need good grades in the national exams taken at 18. But to get into Oxford and Cambridge, it’s not enough to get A grades in your exams. You also have to go for a long interview. In these interviews, students need to show that they are creative and capable of original thinking.Through the centuries, both universities have made huge contributions to British cultural life.They have produced great writers, world leaders and politicians. Cambridge, in particular, has produced scientists whose discoveries and inventions have changed our lives.Among the great university institutions is the world’s most famous debating society, the Oxford Union, where undergraduates get a chance to practise speaking in public. Cambridge’s comedy club Footlights has produced many first-class comedians, while some of the UK’s most famous actors and actresses began their careers at The Oxford University Dramatic Society, known as OUDS. Then there’s the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, which takes place every year in March or April, and is watched on television all over the UK.So with all this excellence in so many fields, it’s not surprising that the ambition of clever students all over the world is to attend either one of these great universities.Unit 2Inside viewConversation1Kate ：Come in. Hey, Janet.Janet ：Hi Kate, are you busy?Kate ：Yes, I’m just doing an essay. But it’s great to see you. So what’s new? Janet ：Well, nothing much.Kate ：You look a bit fed up. What’s bugging you?Janet ：Well, I had a phone call from my parents and it made me feel homesick. It happens everytime they call, and it gets me down.Kate ：I’m sorry to hear that. I know how you feel. I love speaking to my mum and dad, but Ialways feel miserable after the call.Janet ：My dad doesn’t say muc h, and I want to speak to him, but I wish I knew what to say.Kate ：Don’t let it get to you. My dad doesn’t say much on the phone either. I call, he answersthe phone, and says, “Hi, I’ll pass you to your mother.” It’s really irritating. Janet ：But I miss him and my mother a lot, and I like to hear his voice.Kate ：Just tell him what you’re up to.Janet ：Sometimes I feel as if I made a mistake leaving home and coming to Oxford. Sometimes I feel like a moody teenager. Kate ：Try not to worry about it, Janet. It’s normal to feel like that. I understand how you feel, butI bet everything will be fine next term. You’ll get used to it. Hey, why don’t you do what I do?Janet ：What’s that?Kate ：When my dad calls, I ask him for more money! He usually says no, but at least I getto hear his voice!Janet ：Maybe. I’m sorry to take up your time, Kate, but I must go now. Bye! Kate ：Wait a minute …!Conversation2Kate ：I think I may have upset Janet last night.Mark ：What happened?Kate ：She came to see me. I was busy doing an essay but I was really pleased to see her. She’d had a call from home, and said she was feeling homesick.Mark ：Poor kid! It must be tough on you guys, living so far away from home.Kate ：I tried to make her laugh, told her not to worry about it, and that it was normal to feel miserable. Suddenly she looked miserable, and then she got up and said, “I must go now” and left my room. It was really sudden. I felt as if I’d said something wrong.Mark ：Maybe she was just being polite. It was probably because she realized you were working and didn’t want to disturb you.Kate ：I just wonder if she found it difficult to talk about her feelings with me. Maybe I shouldn’thave tried to make her laugh? Perhaps she thought I wasn’t taking her seriously. Mark ：I wouldn’t worry about it. Put yourself in her shoes. How would you feel if you were a student at college in China?Kate ：I know. That’s why I feel bad. If only she had stayed longer! I wish I could have helped her more.Janet ：Hey, everyone!Mark ：Hi Janet, you look cheerful!Janet ：Yes, I’ve just got my essay back. I got an alpha minus!Kate ：What an amazing grade! Well done.Mark ：I’m really happy for you, Janet.Janet ：I feel on top of the world!Outside viewSebastienHi. I’m Sebastien. I’m from Germany. Um, the idea of IQ of a measure of your brain power has been around for a while, but recently there’s been this new idea of the EQ –your emotional quotient. And by now, it’s actually almost being regarded as more importan t. If you look at it, businesses will … Well, they will prefer employing people with great EQ. Well, of course, IQ cannot be disregarded, but um, EQ does have its importance as well. Uh, I believe that, um, … I mean, people, most people will have, um, their basic means of communicating with other people. Most people are somewhat socially adept, and just like most people have, you know, a basic general knowledge. But then, what I think really is the difference betweenIQ and EQ, I mean, you can have a “brainiac”, and they will be great at most things they do, but if you just can’t get along with him, if you just can’t communicate with him, I mean, you know, he’s not really that useful.KimHi. This is Kim. I’m originally from Korea, and I was raised in Ca lifornia. And today, we are going to talk about the differences between IQ and EQ – IQ meaning your intelligence, EQ meaning your emotions. Now, in … When I was, when I was a little, little boy in Korea, I had to take … I think I’d taken like two or three IQ tests before the age of ten, which is when I moved to California. So, I guess we stress a lot of importance on intelligence, on having great IQ scores. But after I moved to the States, I learnt how to associate with people, and along the linesthat this word EQ came up, you know, emotional, caring about … It’s basically how you deal with people, howyou make people feel, and how people make you feel.I think they’re equally as, as important, but it seems that in the Eastern world they kind of stress on that a lot more back in the days. But I think again, you know, now that with Internet and people are communicating so much faster, there’s a better mixture of the two I think. There’s a stress on EQ in Korea as well, and a stress on IQ in the States. Thank you.TedHello. My name is Ted, and I’m from the United States of America. Today, I’m going to talk a little bit about IQ or EQ – which is most important, or which is more important. Now, for a long time when I was growing up, people said, “IQ. What’s your IQ? Take an IQ test.” But then EQ, your emotions, how you interact with people, that became very important. And I think they’re …that people might be onto something with that, because your EQ – how you deal with people, how you interact with people –is important. Now, a big part of this, in my opinion, is listening.I know I’m talking a lot right now, but if you want to get along well with people, you have to listen to them, so just take a minute, maybe shut your mouth for a minute, and listen to others, and then you can understand and communicate with them in a better way. So, part of EQ, I think, is listening – listening to others – and it can be more important than IQ.Listening inPassage1PresenterWe’re fortunate to have as our guest to day Dr Jenna Hudson, who has just written a book about how colours affect us in our surroundings, especially in the world of advertising. It’s called Market Colours. Dr Hudson, which are the most common colours in advertising and marketing?Dr HudsonWell, of course, it depends what image the marketing team wish to project with their products. So for example, we often think of blue as a cold colour, but it also makes you feel peaceful, quiet, and it doesn’t suggest strong emotions. So it’s a favourite for banks and insurance companies, who wish to suggest the image that they are trustworthy. And for selling products, it’s often used tosuggest something is pure and fresh.What about red?You can sell almost anything with red. It’s a hot colour, which su ggests a feeling of energy and even passion. It grabs your attention, and can make people buy almost anything. You often see red on magazine covers. But if you use it too much, it lookscheap and may make people tired. And orange has a similar effect to re d, it’s upbeat and happy, it suggests pleasant feelings and images. Most people react well to orange, and it’s especially popular in advertising and on packaging for baked food. What about yellow, for instance?Yellow is the colour of sunshine and it’s a positive, happy colour, so it’s used a lot in advertising. But it’s also often used for warning signs, direction signs, and so on, where you have to read the message quickly and at a distance.What about less popular colours for advertising?Surprisingl y, green isn’t used much in advertising except for garden products. It’s friendly and restful. It can be cool and soothing, the colour of apples and mint, but it can also be quite strong and many people associate it with unpleasant ideas of decay or slimy creatures. But most colours are not primary colours, they’re a combination. Absolutely. So yellow-orange is common, and often used to give an impression of style and class, it looks like gold. But it’s not often used in letters because it’s not very strong. And yellow-green reminds people of feeling sick.Blue-green works well as a cool colour, suggesting freshness, and is sometimes used for toothpaste products, bathroom products, food and household cleaning products. It has many of the advantages of blue without the disadvantages of green. Fascinating.Thank you very much, DrScriptsHudson. Market Colours by Dr JennaHudson is on sale from next week,priced ￡15.99 …Passage2Presenter ：What makes you embarrassed, Sally?Sally ：Oh, I’m easily embarra ssed. If anybody notices me or looks at me, I get very embarrassed. When people sing me Happy Birthday on my birthday, I get very embarrassed.Presenter ：And what makes you upset?Sally ：When people are selfish, people who think only of themselves. And cruelty –I can’t bear people who are cruel, especially to animals or children. Presenter ：Jake, what makes you depressed?Jake ：I hate it when it rains, and I don’t like people who look down on me, who think they’re superior to me without any reason.Presenter ：And what makes you angry?Jake ：When people don’t behave properly in public, bad behaviour like dropping litter or people pushing each other on the bus or the train.Presenter ：Andrew, what makes you cheerful?Andrew ：I like to see everyone around me being happy and having a positive attitude towards the future, optimistic people. Presenter ：And what makes you jealous?Andrew ：Well, to be honest, I just never feel jealous. I can’t see the point of it.Presenter ：Monica, what makes you proud?Monica ：I’m proud when I’m successful, especially in my work. Being recognized by my boss for what I can do makes me feel really proud. Oh, and my family. I’m very proud of them.Presenter ：And what makes you nervous?Monica ：Every time I teach a new c lass. The night before I’m very nervous. You don’t know what the kids are going to be like and how they might behave, or if they’re going to like you.Presenter ：Anything else?Monica ：Doing interviews like this.Unit 3 Crime watchInside viewConversation1Kate ：So, what did you think of the movie?Mark ：It was good but I thought it was too long.Kate ：Yes, me too.Kate ：Hey, where’s my bike? I don’t believe it! It’s gone!Mark ：It was next to mine, you chained it up!Kate ：Someone’s stolen it! Oh, how could they!Mark ：Oh, Kate!Kate ：How could someone have done this! The creep!Mark ：It’s a really mean thing to do, steal a bike.Kate ：It was a mountain bike and it cost a fortune –I don’t have the money to buy another one. Mark ：Listen, I’ll go down the street and see if I can see anyone with it. Why don’t you go into that shop and see if they’ve seen anything suspicious? I’ll be back in a minute. Kate ：OK.…Kate ：Well?Mark ：No luck. What did they say in the shop?Kate ：I asked th e shopkeeper if she’d seen anything –Mark ：And?Kate ：She said she hadn’t. I guess it was a long shot. She advised me to report it to the police. But according to her, bikes get stolen all the time around here.Mark ：Listen, let’s get back so you can report it.Kate ：I’ve got no bike. I’m just so upset!Mark ：It’s not far to college. Come on!。
大学英语二（综合教程）第二单元
⼤学英语⼆（综合教程）第⼆单元⼤学体验英语⼆（综合教程）Unit 2Jobs and CareersListen and TalkLead inWhat kind of job are you looking for? The classified ads are a good place to begin a 1.____for employment. They are a great resource to learn about what companies look for in employees and 2.____a little information about the company as well. Applying and interviewing for a job requires skills worth developing. Being able to 3.____one’s strengths, effectively communicating with 4.____, having a desire to learn more about the 5.____, and displaying enthusiasm can sometimes make up for inexperience. As you look at the pictures, think about the different 6.____each profession or vocation requires. A construction worker, a waiter and a farmer may not need higher education for their pursuits, but it 7.____helps. Secretarial work requires less education than being a teacher or a doctor, but each job is important in society.While becoming a teacher requires a 8.____of four years study at a university, teaching entails constant learning. Understanding deeply the subject matter being taught and discovering the 9.____of students are just two areas of 10.____for teachers. Many studies continue to research how to effectively teach and how to teach students to effectively learn. In one way or another, we are all teachers.Key: 1. Search; 2. offer; 3. identify; 4. confidence; 5. employer;6. qualifications7. certainly;8. minimum;9. learning styles; 10. importance ; Passage A: Your Dream Job: A Click Away2.Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.1. What is JOB-TRAK?It is an Internet website that lists as many as 45 000 job opportunities.2.Does one need to have a lot of knowledge about the Internet before using it?Not necessarily so. According to Smith, the Internet was very easy to use. She found her job online with no training.3. Why did Gragg apply to teach English in Japan?Because she wanted a change in her life.4.What preparations did Mello make before she went for her interview?She searched the Internet for information about the financial performance of the company she was interested in, the salary she should ask for, and the possible living accommodations available to her there.5. Compare job-seeking on the Internet and job-seeking on newspapers or at job markets. What are the strengths and limitations of each?Answer: Open.3. Choose the best answer to each question based on the information you obtain from the passage.1. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A) The Internet can help one find an overseas job.B) The Internet can give one information about all companies.C) One can find a better job with the help of the Internet.D) There are many employment websites one can turn to for help.2. "To click one's way into a job" means __________.A) to find a job by searching the InternetB) to get a job by clicking a mouseC) to access the job websiteD) to know the way to do one's job3. It can be inferred that __________ .A) originally only job vacancies in high-tech fields were listed on the InternetB) most newspapers and publications don't have a section of classified listingsC) many companies are using the Internet as their management assistantsD) many people can get a job offer now without going through an interview4. Dozlic found a better job __________.A) while browsing a website for baseball tradesB) by casually checking out an online classified adC) because of his curiosity about the InternetD) because of the experience he obtained from other jobs5. Mello searched the Internet for all the following information except __________.A) job vacanciesB) a company's financial performanceC) the minimum salaryD) rental propertiesAnswer: 1.C, 2.A, 3.A, 4.A, 5.C4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1. I'm absolutely sure that this dress is a cheaper ____ of the one we saw in that department store.2. The bookshelves were crowded with books and scientific ____ .3. If you want to open a file, ____ twice on the icon（图标）for it.4. To their disappointment, the thieves were ____ by the police at the moment they were enteringthe bank.5. During World War II, many ____ fled to the United States.6. They've updated(更新) a lot of _____ in the most recent edition of the dictionary.7. Despite _____ difficulties,they did not find the life in London unpleasant.8. After a lot of part-time jobs, John finally got a ____ position.9. In your report, you should give a _____ description of the whole incident.10. Companies publish ____ reports to inform the public about the previous year's activities Anwser: 1.version, 2.publications, 3.click, 4.spotted, 5.refugees,6.entries,7.financial,8.full-time,9.detailed, 10.annual5. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.Change the form where necessary.1. At the age of 29, he ____ a commercial property business.2. While she was tidying up the living room, she ____ her old photograph album.3. My doctor ____ me ____ a specialist in heart disease.4. He hired private investigators to ____ his future business partner.5. She only _____ her son's marriage long after the event.Answer: 1.set up, 2.came across, 3.referred...to , 4.check out, 5.learnt of / learned of6. Choose an appropriate noun given in the following box to complete each of the sentences.1. She is now concentrating on a/an ___ as a fashion designer.2.When I went for my first ___ for this job I arrived extremely early.3.Police insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ____ in applying for a visa.4.We organized a/an ____ of recent book upon constant requests from the readers.5.The newspaper publishes a/an ____ of a leading sportsman every week.Answer: 1.career 2.interview 3.procedure 4.exhibit 5.profile7.Translate the following sentences into English.1. 警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。
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土建工程钢筋施工方案1编制依据1.1该工程建筑及结构施工图纸1.2《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》GB50204--20021.3有关混凝土结构钢筋施工的参考书籍；2工程概况三门峡二仙坡绿色果业有限公司冷藏库，位于河南省三门峡工业园区禹王路中段。
本工程为单层，钢排架结构、独立基础，地基处理采用三七灰土进行换填处理。
建筑设防裂度为7度，基础设计等级三级，结构安全等级二级，主体结构合理使用年限钢结构为50年。
建筑标高以冷库内地坪为±0.000，冷库室内外高差1.3m。
1、墙体工程：墙体采用MU15蒸压灰砂砖，±0.000以下用M10水泥砂浆砌筑；±0.000以上用M10混合砂浆砌筑。
砌体的所有横竖灰缝均应以砂浆填灌饱满，纵横墙的连接部位尽可能同时砌筑，灰浆饱满度应大于90%。
基础短柱及构造柱沿墙高每隔500高设置2Φ6拉结筋，每边伸入墙体1000。
圈梁沿墙体设置，所有砖墙洞口上方均设钢筋砼过梁（圈梁兼过梁除外），过梁伸入墙内不少于250mm。
建筑做法：表示的顺序为：地面从上到下；墙面从内到外。
2、高温冷藏间、气调冷藏库地坪做法：○1150厚C25细石混凝土现浇层，内配Φ10@150双向钢筋网随捣随抹光。
（应使用不低于32.5级普通硅酸盐水泥，每立方米混凝土水泥用量不低于280Kg，水灰比不大于0.60，抗冻标号不低于D50）○220厚1:3水泥砂浆保护层。
○3塑料布一层。
○4100厚XP泡沫板。
○53厚SBS防水卷材一层（缝隙搭接粘牢）。
○6100厚C15砼垫层，表面随打随抹光、找平。
○7925厚素土垫层分层夯实。
○8原土夯实。
3、站台、加工车间、穿堂地坪做法：○1150厚C20细石混凝土现浇层随打随抹光。
○21150厚素土垫层分层夯实。
○3原土夯实。
4、冷库库基外墙、防火墙（双面粉刷）做法：○1370砖基层。
○220厚1:2水泥砂浆抹面。
5、散水：库基四周做800宽○160厚C20混凝土，面上加5厚1:1水泥砂浆捣实抹平。
○280厚碎石垫层。
○3素土夯实，向外坡4%。
6、防滑坡道：○125厚1:2水泥砂浆抹面，做出60宽7深锯齿形礓碴。
○2刷素水泥浆一道。
○3120厚C15混凝土○4100厚碎石垫层。
○5素土夯实做坡。
7、地基与基础标高以冷库室内地面为±0.000，根据甲方提供的地质勘察报告，拟建场地属I级非自重湿陷性黄土场地，需进行地基处理。
取-3.300m处土层做持力层，第○2层黄土状粉土为下卧层。
独立基础、条形基础下土层用三七灰土进行换填处理，三七灰土换填厚度不小于 1.0m，处理宽度为基础宽度每侧各方1.0m。
三七灰土垫层应分层夯实，每层压实系数不低于0.95。
根据甲方提供的地质勘察报告，经过换填处理后，灰土垫层的承载力特征值为fak=180KPa。
本场地土类型为中软场地土，建筑场地类别为Ⅱ类，场内地基不考虑液化影响。
场地土质对混凝土结构、钢结构及钢筋混凝土结构中的钢筋有微腐蚀性。
库基中素土垫层要求以最佳含水率分层夯实，每层压实系数不低于0.95。
8、建筑材料：○1混凝土强度等级：基础--C30（途中另行标注的除外），过梁、圈梁--C25，构造柱--C20，垫层—C15，其它见图中说明。
○2钢筋：Φ代表HPB235级钢筋，代表HRB335级钢筋。
○3钢材均采用Q235B钢，其性能除应符合《普通碳素钢技术条件》（GB700-88）规定的要求外，尚应保证屈服点碳、磷、硫含量，条采用的冷弯型钢还应保证冷弯试验合格。
○4手工焊接时焊条采用E43XX系列。
9、钢筋混凝土结构：○1混凝土保护层最小厚度（mm）：基础40，梁、柱35，板25。
○2圈梁沿墙体设置，当圈梁跨越的洞口≤1500时，圈梁底增加2 12钢筋；当圈梁跨越的洞口为3000时圈梁底增加4 14钢筋。
箍筋加密为Φ6@130。
○3梁、柱箍筋应采用封闭箍筋，箍筋的末端应做成不小于135度的弯钩，弯钩端头平直段长度不小于10d。
○4柱凡与圈梁连接处，均应按建筑图中的墙位置及相应图纸中的梁详图，在柱内预留插筋，插筋伸出柱外长度为40d。
3施工部署钢筋原材与加工一、施工准备1、机械设备钢筋冷拉机、切断机、弯曲成型机及相应吊装设备。
2、原材料要求1）所有进场的钢筋均按要求送试合格，标识明确后方可使用。
2）所使用的钢筋均要符合设计及有关规范的要求，带有颗粒状老锈的钢筋严禁使用。
3）钢筋在加工过程中，如发现脆断、焊接性能不良或力学性能显著不正常等现象，根据现行国家标准，对该批钢筋进行化学成分检验或其它专项检验。
3、作业条件⑴各种设备在操作前检修完好，保证正常运转，并符合安全要求规定。
⑵钢筋抽料。
钢筋抽料人员要熟识图纸、会审记录及现行施工规范，按图纸要求的钢筋规格、形状、尺寸、数量正确合理的填写钢筋抽料表，计算出钢筋的用量。
二、操作工艺钢筋表面要洁净，粘着的油污、泥土、浮锈使用前必须清理干净，可用冷拉工艺除锈，或用机械方法、手工除锈等。
钢筋调直，可用机械或人工调直。
经调直后的钢筋不得有局部弯曲、死弯、小波浪形，其表面伤痕不应使钢筋截面减少5%。
采用冷拉方法调直的钢筋的冷拉率：Ⅰ级钢筋冷拉率不宜大于4%。
Ⅱ、Ⅲ级钢筋冷拉率不宜大于1%.预制构件的吊环不得冷拉，只能用Ⅰ级热轧钢筋制作。
对不准采用冷拉钢筋的结构，钢筋调直冷拉率不得大于1%。
钢筋切断应根据钢筋号、直径、长度和数量，长短搭配，先断长料后断短料，尽量减少和缩短钢筋短头，以节约钢材。
钢筋弯钩或弯曲1、钢筋弯钩。
形式有三种，分别为半圆弯钩、直弯钩及斜弯钩。
2、钢筋下料长度应根据构件尺寸、混凝土保护层厚度，钢筋弯曲调整值和弯钩增加长度等规定综合考虑。
A、直钢筋下料长度=构件长度-保护层厚度+弯钩增加长度B、弯起钢筋下料长度=直段长度+斜弯长度-弯曲调整值+弯钩增加长度C、箍筋下料长度=箍筋内周长+箍筋高速值+弯钩增加长度三、质量标准保证项目⑴钢筋的品种和质量，焊条、焊剂的牌号、性能以及接头中使用的钢板和型钢均必须符合设计要求和有关标准的规定。
检查方法：检查出厂质量证明书和试验报告。
⑵冷拉、冷拔钢筋的机械性能必须符合设计要求和施工规模的规定。
检查方法：检查出厂质量证明书、试验报告的冷拉记录。
⑶钢筋的表面应保持清洁。
带有颗粒状或片状老锈经除锈后仍有麻点的钢筋严禁按原规格使用。
检查方法：观察检查。
⑷钢筋的规格、形状、尺寸、数量、锚固长度、接头位置必须符合设计要求和施工规范规定。
检查方法：观察和尺量检查。
四、施工注意事项避免质量通病⑴钢筋开料切断尺寸不准，根据结构钢筋的所在部位和钢筋切断后误差情况，确定调整或返工。
⑵钢筋成型尺寸不准确，箍筋歪斜，外形误差超过质量标准允许值，对于Ⅰ级钢筋只能进行一次重新调直和弯曲，其他级别钢筋不宜重新调直和反复弯曲。
主要安全技术措施⑴机械必须设置防护装置，注意每台机械必须一机一闸并设漏电保护开关。
⑵工作场所保持道路畅通，危险部位必须设置明显标志。
⑶操作人员必须持证上岗。
熟识机械性能和操作规程。
产品保护⑴各种类型钢筋半成品，应按规格、型号、品种堆放整齐，挂好标志牌，堆放场所应有遮盖，防止雨淋日晒。
⑵转运时钢筋半成品应小心装卸，不应随意抛掷，避免钢筋变形。
钢筋绑扎与安装一、施工准备材料钢筋半成品的质量要符合设计图纸要求。
钢筋绑扎用的铁丝，采用20～22号铁丝（镀锌铁丝）。
水泥砂浆垫块：要有足够的强度。
工具常用的铅丝钩、小板手、撬杠、绑扎架、折尺或卷尺、白粉笔、专用运输机具等。
二、作业条件⑴熟识图纸，核对半成品钢筋的级别、直径、尺寸和数量是否与料牌相符，如有错漏应纠正增补。
⑵准备好铁丝、水泥垫块以及常用绑扎工具和机具。
⑶钢筋定位：划出钢筋安装位置线，如钢筋品种较多时，应在已安装好的模板上标明各种型号构件的钢筋规格、形状和数量。
⑷绑扎形式复杂的结构部件时，应事先考虑支模和绑扎的先后次序，宜制定安装方案。
⑸绑扎部位的位置上所有杂物应在安装前清理好。
三、操作工艺独立基础1、钢筋的级别、种类和直径按设计要求采用，当需待换时，要征得设计单位同意。
2、钢筋加工的形状、尺寸必须符合设计要求，其表面洁净，无损伤，油渍、漆污和铁锈等在使用前清除干净，钢筋平直，无局部弯折。
3、一级钢筋的末端均做弯钩，分布筋可不做弯钩。
4、钢筋网（筛底）的绑扎，在钢筋交叉点处用铁丝每点扎牢，双向主筋的钢筋，必须将全部钢筋相互交点扎牢，注意相邻绑扎点的铁线扣要成八字形绑扎（左右扣绑扎）。
5、有180°弯钩的钢筋弯钩应向上，不要倒向一边。
6、基础的钢筋网双向弯曲受力，如图纸没有规定绑扎方法时，其短向钢筋应放在长向钢筋的上边。
梁、柱1、柱子箍筋的接头应交错布置在四角纵向钢筋上；箍筋转角与竖向钢筋交叉点均应扎牢。
绑扎箍筋时，铁线扣要相互成八字形绑扎。
2、箍筋的接头应交错设置，并与两根架立筋绑扎。
3、次梁与主梁交叉处，次梁的钢筋在上，主梁的钢筋在下。
四、质量标准保证项目1、钢筋的品种性能和质量必须符合设计要求和施工规范的规定。
钢筋必须有出厂合格证明和试验报告。
2、钢筋的规格、形状、尺寸、数量、间距、锚固长度、接头位置、保护层厚度必须符合设计要求和施工规范的规定。
基本项目3、钢筋、骨架绑扎，缺扣、松扣不超过应绑扎数的10%，且不应集中。
4、钢筋弯钩的朝向正确，绑扎接头符合施工规范的规定，搭接长度不小于规定值。
允许偏差钢筋安装及预埋件位置的允许偏差和检验方法应符合下表规定。
避免工程质量通病1、钢筋骨架外形尺寸不准，绑扎时宜将多根钢筋端部对齐，防止绑扎时，某号钢筋偏离规定位置及骨架扭曲变形。
2、保护层砂浆垫块厚度应准确，垫块间距应适宜，梁底柱侧露筋。
3、钢筋骨架绑完成后，会出现斜向一方，绑扎时铁线应绑成八字形。
左右口绑扎发现箍筋遗漏、间距不对要及时调整好。
5、柱子箍筋接头无错开放置，绑扎前要先检查；绑扎完成后再检查，若有错误应及时纠正。
6、浇筑混凝土时，受到侧压钢筋位置出现位移时，应及时调整。
主要安全技术措施1、搬运钢筋时，要注意前后方向有无碰撞危险或被钩挂料物，特别是避免碰挂周围和上下方向的电线。
人工抬运钢筋，上肩卸料要注意安全。
2、起吊或安装钢筋时，应和附近高压线路或电源保持一定安全距离，在钢筋林立的场所，雷雨时不准操作和站人。
3、在高空安装钢筋应选好位置站稳，系好安全带。
产品保护1、成型钢筋、钢筋网片应按指定地点堆放，用垫木垫放整齐，防止压弯变形。
2、成型钢筋不准踩踏，特别注意负筋部位。
3、运输过程注意轻装轻卸，不能随意抛掷。
2#车间钢筋工程施工方案编制人：审核人：审批人：三门峡昊博建设工程有限公司2011年7月5日。