2017届高三惠州市第一次调研考试语文试题和参考答案汇总
广东省惠州市2017届高三第一次调研考试英语试卷

惠州市2017届高三第一次调研考试英语试题(2016.06)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节AThere seems to be some truth in the old saying: "An apple a day keeps the doctor away. "A new study in the Chinese population said Wednesday that people who eat fresh fruit on most days are at lower risk of heart attack and stroke than people who rarely eat fresh fruit.The findings, published by the New England Journal of Medicine, came from a seven-year study of half a million adults in China, where fresh fruit consumption is much lower than in countries like the U.K. or the United States.Researchers from the University of Oxford and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences conducted a large, nationwide study of 500,000 adults across China, tracking health for seven years through death records and electronic hospital records of illness. The participants did not have a history of cardiovascular (心血管)diseases or anti-hypertensive (抗高血压)treatments when they first joined the study. The study found that eating a 100-gram portion of fruit per day was associated with about one-third less cardiovascular mortality(心血管死亡率)."The association between fruit consumption and cardiovascular risk seems to be stronger in China, where many still eat little fruit, than in high-income countries where daily consumption of fruit is more common," study author Huaidong Du of the University of Oxford said.Also, fruit in China is almost exclusively consumed raw, whereas much of the fruit in high-income countries is processed, and many previous studies combined fresh and processed fruit, said Du.Senior author Zhengming Chen, professor at the University of Oxford, noted that it's difficult to know whether the lower risk in people who eat more fresh fruit is because of a real protective effect. "If it is, then widespread consumption of fresh fruit in China could prevent about half a million cardiovascular deaths a year, including 200,000 before age 70, and even larger numbers of non-fatal strokes and heart attacks," Chen added.21. According to the passage, we can learn that __________.A. The study was conducted internationally among 500,000 adults.B. Daily consumption of fruit is less common in low-income countries .C. Chinese will not die of cardiovascular diseases if they eat enough fresh fruit.D. It knows for sure that the lower risk in people eating more fresh fruit is because of a real protectiveeffect.22. What‟s the main idea of this passage?A. It is suggested to eat processed fruit rather than raw fruit.B. Male are more likely to suffer from heart attack and stroke than female.C. Research findings link lower heart diseases to more fresh fruit eating.D. The government needs to prevent people from heart attack and stroke .23. Where does this passage probably come from?A. A book review. B .A health report.C. A class presentation.D. A medical advertisement.BA man walked into a small Irish pub and ordered three beers. Bartender was surprised, but he served that man three beers. One hour later the man ordered three beers again. The very next day that man ordered threebeers again and drank quietly at a table. This repeated several times and shortly after the people of the town were whispering about the man, who was ordering three beers at once.A couple of weeks later, the bartender decided to clear this out and inquired: “I do not want to pry, but could you explain, why do you order three beers all the time?” The man replied: “It seems strange, isn‟t it? You see, my two brothers live abroad at the moment, one –in France and another –in Italy. We have made an agreement, that every time we go to pub each of us will order extra two beers and it will help keeping up the family bond ”.Soon all the town have heard about the man‟s answer and liked it a lot. The man became a local celebrity. Residents of the town were telling this story to newcomers or tourists and even invited them to that pub to look at Three Beer Man.However, one day the man came to pub and ordered only two beers, not three as usual. The bartender served him with bad feeling. All that evening the man ordered and drank only two beers. The very next day all the town was talking about this news, some people pray for the soul of one of the brothers, others quietly grieve.When the man came to pub the next time and ordered two beers again, the bartender asked him: “I would like to offer condolences to you, due to the death of your dear brother”. The man considered this f or a moment and then replied: “Oh, you are probably surprised that I order only two beers now? Well, my two brothers are alive and well. It…s just because of my decision. I promised myself to give up drinking.”24. The man ordered three beers all the time because _______.A. people were fond of drinking beers in this pub.B. he missed his two brothers living abroad very much.C. it was an agreement with his brothers to keep up the family bond.D. this would help him become a local celebrity.25. We can infer from the passage that______.A. news traveled fast in the town.B. the man became famous in the town because he was a heavy drinkerC. the man‟s brothers liked drinking beer very muchD. the man was strong-minded to give up drinking26. The bartender served the man with bad feeling because ________.A. he would earn less moneyB. he thought the man should order three beersC. he thought one of the man‟s brothers had passed awayD. the man decided to drink two beers27. The underlined word “condolences” in the last paragraph can be replaced by______.A. gratitudeB. appreciationC. surpriseD. sympathyCMany fruits and vegetables would disappear from grocery store s helves if it weren‟t for honeybees. Almonds, for example, are a $2.5 billion industry in California, and almond growers depend on honeybees to pollinate(授粉)the crop. No honeybees would mean no almonds. Many berries (like blackberries and strawberries) nee d bees, as do vegetables like cucumbers and squash. And don‟t forget tree crops like apples, oranges and peaches. Watermelon and cantaloupes depend on bees, too. In fact, approximately 15 percent of the food Americans eat comes directly from honeybee pollination. Another 15 percent comes from animals that eat foods that bees pollinate. In other words, close to a third of the food that Americans eat currently requires honeybee pollination. Honeybee pollination is so important that bee farmers actually truck their bees from orchard to orchard and farm to farm to help pollinate crops.A honeybee starts the honey making process by visiting a flower. With luck, the flower contains nectar,and the bee sucks some of the nectar up with a little straw built into its mouth. Most flower nectars are like sugar water; there is a little sugar mixed with water. Nectars can contain other beneficial substances as well. To make honey, two things happen.The first thing uses enzymes. One enzyme that bees produce turns the sucrose in the nectar into glucose and fructose. Another enzyme turns some of the glucose into an acid and hydrogen peroxide. By making honey acidic, it kills any bacteria that get into the honey.The second thing uses evaporation to get rid of the extra water. Most of the moisture has to be evaporated, so that honey is only about 18 percent water. Bees evaporate the extra water by putting little drops of nectar in the hive and fanning it with their wings.Honey is a very stable food. It naturally resists molds, fungi and other bacteria, allowing it to last for years without refrigeration.28. Bees are always trucked between different places in order to _____________.A. lay eggs in all the orchards to farmsB. mate with bees living in different zonesC. help bee farmers deal with harmful insectsD. to pollinate flowers or plants grown in different places.29. How does a honeybee suck the nectar from flowers?A. through a little straw built into its mouth.B. with the help of the bee farmer.C. by drinking the water that contains nectar.D. by fanning it with the wings.30. Which one is the way mentioned in the passage to make honey?A. to evaporate most of the moisture in the nectar.B. to kill all the bacteria in the nectar.C. to expose it to sunlight for some time.D. to mix the nectar with some sugar.31. Why honey can be kept for a long time without being cooled?A. Because there is no bacteria in it.B. Because it can stand bad weather conditions.C. Because it protects itself against bacteria naturally.D. Because it is well-preserved in containers.DWhen Andrew was born in Jiangsu, China, his father opened Panda Inn, a sit-down restaurant in Pasadena, California, serving family foods fast and hot.Andrew‟s father had taught him to take on a new challenge only after mastering the previous one. It took ten years before Andrew felt he was ready to deal with the all-American challenge: the fast-food industry.The first Panda Express opened in a Southern California mall in 1983. As Pandas began to increase, Peggy, who has a PhD in electrical engineering, gave up her career to join the company full-time, first as president, then as CEO. Today, Peggy and Andrew share the title of chairman.They are big fans of Stephen Covey‟s The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, a book they require all job applicants to read before their interview. “Success is a byproduct of our habits,”says Andrew. “We‟re very focused on learning how to do the right things well and completely so that what all of us do actually makes an Impact.” Doing the right thing includes paying more than the minimum wage and part of health care for all 17,300 employees, including part-timers. Some warned that this would cause financial problems. But not for the Panda Express. “If you‟re too focused on the results and try to develop shortcuts, you‟re going to have to pay it back later somehow,” Andrew says.They take seriously the concept that to lead is to serve. It means helping employees improve their livelihood and, in the process, learn to live a fuller life. In the end, Andrew says, “They are better off financially, but they‟re also smarter because they‟re curious and learning. They take care of themselves physically, mentally, emot ionally and spiritually. When all of us do these things well, there‟s a better chance that we will treat the customers better.”32. The writer mentions Peggy, who has a PhD, in order to show that Panda Express______.A. needed support from AmericansB. was increasing very rapidlyC. needed wise leadersD. attracted a lot of talented people33. We may infer from the passage that______ .A. Focus on doing the right thing and the results will take care of themselves.B. Chinese food is becoming more and more popular in AmericaC. Panda Express has never met with financial problemsD. Andrew and Peggy are good examples of companies in the US34. Andrew and Peggy share the same idea that ______.A. the habit of reading Stephen Covey‟s book leads to successB. they focus on the results and developing shortcutsC. a good leader must be a good servant as wellD. the employees should help their customers improve their livelihood35. The passage is mainly about ______.A. Panda Express‟s success in fast-food industryB. the effect that Stephen‟s book has on Panda ExpressC. the challenge of the fast-food industry in the USD. Panda Express‟s philosophy of management第二节Recent research shows that listening to music improves our mental well-being and boosts our physical health in surprising and astonishing ways. ___36___Here are some amazing scientifically-proven benefits of being hooked on music.Music reduces depressionMore than 350 million people suffer from depression around the world. A study by Hans Joachim Trappe in Germany demonstrated that music can benefit patients with depressive symptoms, depending on the type of music. ___37___ But techno and heavy metal brought people down even more. The next time you feel low, put on some classical or meditative music to lift your spirits.___38___Research shows that taking music lessons predicts higher academic performance and IQ in young children. In one study, 6-year-olds who took keyboard or singing lessons in small groups for 36 weeks had significantly larger increases in IQ and standardized educational test results than children who took either drama lessons or no lessons. ___39___Music keeps your brain healthy in old ageA study with healthy older adults found that those with ten or more years of musical experience scored higher on cognitive tests than musicians with one to nine years of musical study. The non-musicians scored the lowest. Business magnate Warren Buffet stays sharp at age 84 by playing ukulele. ___40___A. To help them achieve academic excellence, encourage them to sing or play an instrument.B. Music raises IQ and academic performance.C. It‟s never too late to play an instrument to keep you on top of your game.D. Meditative sounds and classical music lifted people up.E. Music strengthens learning and memory.F. Musical training can help raise our IQs and even keep us sharp in old age.G. Music can make you happy every day.第二部分英语知识运用第一节完形填空When you eat out in a restaurant, it is not unusual to hear pe ople yelling, “Let me get this one!” Sometimes you can see them ___41___ or arm wrestling to fight for the ___42___ for paying the bill. These fights are often very loud and active. Each person ___43___ shows an honest desire to pick up the bill, and in the end, all the people at the table give the winner praise and ___44___.In fact, figuring out who will get the bill is always a ___45___ for Chinese people at formal meals. Although the people who ___46__ the meal are very likely to pay the check, it is a ___47___ practice to make an effort to pay the bill. But you will ___48___ them if you do end up actually collecting money.In recent years, going Dutch has been embraced by many young people. ___49___, older generations who fear “losing ___50___” still find it embarrassing and mean to calculate each person‟s ___51___ of the bill.But these days,___52___ digital payment apps, splitting (分摊) the bill ___53___ is becoming widely-accepted idea. Even people from ___54___ generations may want to do so. By scanning a code ___55___ paying their share via WeChat or Alipay on their phones in one easy click, Chinese are___56___ it easy to relieve the embarrassment of figuring out each person‟s payment when they order a meal. This function has made going Dutch less ___57___ and more fun in China. “Many of us are never without our phones ___58___ they are convenient. And person-to-person mobile payment services are incredibly___59___ to use and at the same time save the trouble of ___60___ change,” said 18-year-old Han Chen, a student from Senior High School.41. A. talking arguing C. pushing D. carrying42. A. turn B. privilege C. order D. right43. A. involved B. called C. selected D. invited44. A. courage B. comment C. apology D. gratitude45. A. headache B. tradition C. plan D. conflict46. A. eat B. cook C. host D. enjoy47. A. unusual B. strange C. unexpected D. common48. A. disappoint B. frustrate C. embarrass D. inspire49. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Besides50. A. promise B. face C. credit D. money51. A. task B. part C. ability D. share52. A. as well as B. according to C. thanks to D. apart from53. A. personally B. electronically C. separately D. immediately54. A. younger B. newer C. older D. later55. A. and B. but C. or D. for56. A. hoping B. finding C. looking D. making57. A. sadness B. excitement C. quarrel D. trouble58. A. although B. because C. if D. so59. A. easy B. expensive C. difficult D. complex60. A. putting on B. setting aside C. providing with D. dealing with第二节阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
广东省惠州市高三语文第一次调研考试试题

本试卷分必考和选考两部分,满分为150分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷的相应位置上。
2.考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案不能答在试卷上,必须写在答题卷的各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
一、本大题4小题,每小题3分,共12分。
1.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一组是A.饯别/客栈晦涩/草莓解开/解数B.游泳/踊跃蒸馏/溜冰间或/间架C.允许/损失蔚蓝/欣慰数落/频数D.呼喊/感激卫戍/戌时主角/角色2.下面语段中画线的词语,使用不恰当的一项是2012年1月5日下午,惠州花边岭广场发生了一起车祸。
面对突如其来的车祸,小轿车司机三魂掉了七魄,惊慌失措,被压在车底下的女子已奄奄一息。
在这万分危急的关头,迅速赶过来的7名摩的司机齐心协力把小轿车抬起来搬开,拯救了一条生命,这真是三人成虎啊!医生说:“多亏了现场的即时救助,否则后果不堪设想。
”摩的司机江鹤松在接受采访时说:“遇到这种事情,谁都会想去帮忙,不可能袖手旁观。
”A.突如其来 B.三魂掉了七魄 C.三人成虎 D.不堪设想3.下列句子中没有语病的一项是()A.安理会投票结果对外公诸于众后,“自由叙利亚军”司令6日接受美联社记者采访时表示,现在除了军事手段之外,没有其他办法可以推翻巴沙尔了。
B.经过新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来的持续奋斗,中国人民取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就,谱写了中国发展的辉煌。
C.伊朗核活动动机之所以备受以美国为首的西方国家的质疑,与其执意生产高丰度浓缩铀不无关系。
D.市红十字会日前建立起社会捐款公布制度,根据红十字会官网公布的数据,今年九月共接受来自几十个社会单位的热心人士的捐款12万元。
4.下列6个句子,组成语意连贯的一段话,恰当的一项是()中国共产党作为马克思主义执政党,只有不断保持纯洁性,___,___,___,___。
广东省惠州市2017届高三语文调研考试试卷及答案

广东省惠州市2017届高三语文调研考试试卷及答案高考是非常重要的一个时期,也是高三学子学习语文的一个关键时期,多做高考语文模拟试题有助于提高考试成绩。
那不妨和店铺一起来做份高三语文调研考试试卷,希望对各位有帮助!高三语文调研考试试卷第Ⅰ卷(阅读题,共70分)一、古代诗文阅读(35分)(一)文言文阅读(19分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~4题。
李逊,字友道。
登进士第,辟襄阳掌书记。
复从事于湖南,颇有声绩,累拜池、濠二州刺史。
先是,濠州之都将杨腾,削刻士卒,州兵三千人谋杀腾。
腾觉之,走扬州,家属皆死。
濠兵不自戢,因行攘剽。
及逊至郡,余乱未殄。
徐驱其间,为陈逆顺利害之势,众皆释甲请罪,因以宁息。
元和初,出为衢州刺史。
以政绩殊尤,迁越州刺史,兼御史大夫、浙东都团练观察使。
先是,贞元初,皇甫政镇浙东,尝福建兵乱,逐观察使吴诜。
政以所镇实压闽境,请权益兵三千,俟贼平而罢。
贼平向三十年,而所益兵仍旧。
逊视事数日,举奏停之。
逊为政以均一贫富、扶弱抑强为己任。
元和十年,拜襄州刺史。
时逊代严绶镇襄阳。
绶以八州兵讨贼于唐州。
既而绶以无功罢兵柄,命高霞寓代绶将兵于唐州,其襄阳军隶于霞寓。
军士家口在襄州者,逊厚抚之,士卒多舍霞寓亡归。
既而霞寓为贼所败乃移过于逊言供馈不时霞寓本出禁军内官皆佐之。
既贬官,中人皆言逊挠霞寓军,所以致败。
上令中使至襄州听察曲直,奏言逊不直,乃左授太子宾客分司。
十四年,拜许州刺史。
是时,新罹兵战,难遽完缉。
及逊至,集大军与之约束,严具示赏罚必信,号令数百言,士皆感悦。
长庆元年,幽、镇继乱。
逊请身先讨贼,不许。
但命以兵一万,会于行营。
逊奉诏,即日发兵,故先诸军而至,由是进位检校吏部尚书。
寻改凤翔节度使,行至京师,以疾陈乞。
长庆三年正月卒,年六十三,废朝一日,赠右仆射。
(《旧唐书&李逊传》)1.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是(3分)A.既而霞寓为贼/所败乃移过于逊/言供馈不时/霞寓本出禁军/内官皆佐之/B.既而霞寓为贼所败/乃移过于逊/言供馈不时霞寓/本出禁军内官皆佐之/C.既而霞寓为贼/所败乃移过于逊/言供馈不时霞寓/本出禁军内官皆佐之/D.既而霞寓为贼所败/乃移过于逊/言供馈不时/霞寓本出禁军/内官皆佐之/2.下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是(3分)A.“掌书记”,全名“节度掌书记”,唐代官制,是掌管一路军政、民政机关的机要秘书。
广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试语文试卷(Word版,含答案)

广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试试卷语文本试卷第I卷和第Ⅱ卷均属于必考部分,满分为150分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷的相应位置上。
2.考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案不能写在试卷上,必须写在答题卷的各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
第I卷阅读题(70分)一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1—3题。
文学——教育永恒的支柱肖川文学是虚构的艺术,是想象的殿堂。
无论什么时代,文学都是对于人类所面临的问题的象征性的解答,因此而成为生活的教科书;文学还是人类灵魂的守护神:文学之于读者,是精神得以寄托于憩息的殿堂;读者之于文学,应该是走进这殿堂寻找自我的一个过程。
有作家说,小说是什么?小说是碰触人类伤口之后流出来的血。
好的小说是过渡读者精神的桥梁,通过这样的桥梁,我们可以抵达广阔的精神彼岸,奔向崭新的精神天地。
好的作家,会让不同的人在自己修筑的殿堂里找到恰当的座位,让每个人都心甘情愿地走进去流连忘返。
想一想,古往今来有多少可以构筑这华美殿堂的超凡圣手。
手捧他们的作品,读着读着,我们久已忘却的梦想和沉沦的激情也渐渐升起来了。
想起安徒生,想起美人鱼,我们就不可避免地想起了爱与美,那是隐藏于日常生活中的智慧,它们像金子一样闪闪发光,使我们平凡的生命焕发出非凡的亮丽。
然而,我们有一种很令人沮丧的阅读习惯:人们会在不同的时代背景下,要求文学作品富有更多的社会意义,或者哲学意义,或者其他什么意义。
这种功利性极强的阅读习惯由来已久,文学的艺术价值丧失了其独立存在的意义,文学沦落为宣传的工具。
由于这种比较浅薄和恶劣的阅读习惯,导致我们的语文教学成为枯燥乏味的、模式化的流程。
在文学经典那里找到的可能是自己的形骸,也可能是一束思想、一点灵光、一把可以拾得起的记忆……莱昂内尔·特里林说:“文学是教会我们人类多样性的范围与这种多样性之价值的惟一武器。
【全国市级联考】广州省惠州市2017届高三上学期第一次调研考试文数(解析版)

注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号、学校、班级等考生信息填写在答题卡上。
2.回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每个小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号,写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分。
在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
(1)已知{1,2,4,8,16}A =,2{|log ,}B y y x x A ==∈,则AB =( )(A ){1,2} (B ){2,4,8}(C ){1,2,4}(D ){1,2,4,8}【答案】C考点:集合的运算.(2)若复数z 满足(12)(1)i z i +=-,则||z =( )(A )25 (B )35(C (D 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析:113||125i i z z i ---==⇒=+,故选C. 考点:复数的运算.(3)若11tan ,tan()32ααβ=+=,则tan =β( ) (A ) 17 (B ) 16 (C ) 57 (D ) 56【答案】A 【解析】试题分析:11tan()tan 123tan tan[()]111tan()tan 7123αβαβαβααβα-+-=+-===+++⨯,故选A. 考点:两角和与差的正切公式. (4)函数,y x x px x R =+∈( )(A )是偶函数 (B )是奇函数 (C )不具有奇偶性 (D )奇偶性与p 有关 【答案】B考点:函数的奇偶性.(5)若向量(1,2)a x =+和向量(1,1)b =-平行,则a b +=( )(A (B (C (D 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析:依题意得,(1)210x -+-⨯=,得x =-3,又(2,2)(1,1)(1,1)a b +=-+-=-,所以||2a b +=,故选C.考点:向量的模.(6)等比数列{}n a 的各项为正数,且564718a a a a +=,则3132310log log log a a a +++=( )(A )12 (B )10 (C )8 (D )32log 5+ 【答案】B考点:等比数列的性质.(7)命题“任意[]21,2,0x x a ∈-≤”为真命题的一个充分不必要条件是( )(A )4a ≥ (B )4a ≤ (C )5a ≥ (D )5a ≤ 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析:原命题等价于“2a x ≥对于任意[]1,2x ∈恒成立”,得4a ≥,故选C.考点:充分必要条件【名师点睛】在解决充分必要条件问题时,可利用其与集合的包含关系求解,设命题p 为真对应集合为A ,命题q 为真对应集合为B ,则p 是q 的充分不必要条件为A B ⊂≠,p 是q 的必要不充分条件为B A ⊂≠,p 是q 的充要条件为B A =.(8)已知036020x y x y x y -≥⎧⎪--≤⎨⎪+-≥⎩,则22x yz +=的最小值是( )(A ) (B )16(C )8(D )4【答案】C 【解析】试题分析:如图,作出可行域(阴影部分),画出初始直线02:0=+y x l ,平行移动0l ,可知经过点)1,1(时,y x +2取得最小值3,228x y +=,故选C.x考点:简单的线性规划的应用,(9)执行如图所示的程序框图,则输出S 的值为( )(A )2 (B )3-(C)12- (D )13【答案】A考点:程序框图.(10)某几何体的三视图如右图,其正视图中的曲线部分为半圆,则该几何体的表面积为( )(A )2(19)cm π+ (B )2(224)cm π+(C )2(104)cm π++(D )2(134)cm π++ 【答案】C考点:三视图,表面积.(11)已知三棱锥S ABC -的底面是以AB 为斜边的等腰直角三角形,2,2,AB SA SB SC ====则三棱 锥的外接球的球心到平面ABC 的距离是( )(A (B )1 (C (D 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析:因为三棱锥S ABC -的底面是以AB 为斜边的等腰直角三角形,2SA SB SC ===,S ∴在面ABC 内的射影为AB 中点H ,SH ∴⊥平面ABC ,SH ∴上任意一点到,,A B C 的距离相等.3SH =,1CH =,在面SHC 内作SC 的垂直平分线MO ,则O 为S ABC -的外接球球心.2SC =,1SM ∴=,30OSM ∠=︒,SO OH ∴==,即为O 到平面ABC 的距离,故选A . 考点:球内接多面体;点到面的距离的计算.【名师点睛】(1)一般要过球心及多面体中的特殊点或过线作截面将空间问题转化为平面问题,从而寻找几何体各元素之间的关系.(2)若球面上四点P ,A ,B ,C 中P A , PB ,PC 两两垂直或三棱锥的三条侧棱两两垂直,可构造长方体或正方体确定直径解决外接问题.(3)一般三棱锥的外接球的球心可通过其中一个面的外心作此平面的垂线,则球心必在此垂线上.(12)双曲线M :22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的实轴的两个端点为A 、B ,点P 为双曲线M 上除A 、B 外的一个动点,若动点Q 满足,QA PA QB PB ⊥⊥,则动点Q 的轨迹为( )(A )圆 (B )椭圆 (C ) 双曲线 (D )抛物线 【答案】C考点:曲线的方程与方程的曲线.【名师点睛】确定平面上点的轨迹有两种基本方法,一种是根据曲线的定义(直线、圆、椭圆、双曲线、抛物线)直接确定的形状,一种是先求得曲线的方程,通过方程确定其表示的曲线.第Ⅱ卷本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分。
高三第一次调研考试语文试题(答案).doc

惠州高三第一次调研考试语文试题参考答案及评分标准一、本大题含4小题,每小题3分,共12分1.*D.【[语音辨析]A.guī jūn guī guī;B.gāo gǎo gǎo hāo;C.lín l ǐn líng líng D.zhì】2.*B.【[词语运用]不可思议:原有神秘奥妙的意思。
现多指无法想象,难以理解。
不孚:不能使人信服。
一针见血:比喻说话直截了当,切中要害。
自惭形秽:形秽:形态丑陋,引伸为缺点。
因为自己不如别人而感到惭愧。
】3.*C.【[语病辨析]A.语序不当,应该说“深刻的说明和详细的规定”;B.不合逻辑,“第二”与“首富”矛盾;D.搭配不当,“放弃”应改为“谢绝”】4.*D.【[语言连贯]②④句对应,因④句前有“相比而言”承接②句,先谈“顺境”再谈“逆境”;③句前“而且”表明是在④句的基础上进一步谈“逆境”的作用;①句是对前三句的小结。
因此顺序是:②④③①】二、本大题含7小题,共35分【参考译文】先父曾经说,同乡先辈左忠毅公在京都附近任学政。
一天,刮风下雪特别寒冷,带着几个骑马的随从外出,私行察访走进一座古庙。
到了堂下小屋里见一个书生趴着桌子睡着了,文章刚成草稿。
左公看完了,就脱下貂皮裘衣盖在书生身上,并给他关好门。
左公向庙里的和尚了解这个书生,原来就是史可法。
等到考试,吏官叫到史可法的名字,左公惊喜地注视着他,他呈上试卷,就当面批点他是第一名。
又召他到内室,让他拜见了左夫人,并对夫人说:“我们的几个孩子都平庸无能,将来继承我的志向和事业的只有这个书生了。
”等到左公被送进东厂监狱,史可法早晚守在监狱的大门外边。
可恶的太监防范窥伺很严,即使左家的佣人也不能靠近。
过了好久,听说左公受到炮烙酷刑,不久就要死了,史可法拿出五十两银子,哭泣着跟看守商量,看守受感动了。
一天,看守让史可法换上破旧衣服,穿上草鞋,背着筐,用手拿着长锹,装作打扫卫生的人,把史可法引进牢房。
最新广东省2017-2018年高三第一学期调研语文试题(含答案)

高三期末调研考试语文本试卷共8 页, 18 小题,满分150 分。
考试用时150 分钟注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分,考生务势必自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后。
将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷阅读题甲必考题―、现代文阅读(9 分,每题 3 分)阅读下边的文字,达成1~3 题古代建筑的价值建筑的价值是由建筑所拥有的功能决定的。
中国古代建筑的个体形态多比较简单而单调,因此在物质功能上有比较大的适应性和通用性。
合院式的住所也能够用作佛寺,紫禁城的宫殿既能够用作朝政,也能够念书、居住和从事宗教活动。
精神功能的适应性没有物质功能那么大。
宫殿表现的是封建帝王的庄严和王朝的势力,文人园林表现的是追求自然精致与淡泊,寺庙表现的是宗教的神奇与神圣,住所要求的是安静与私密等等。
这些不同的精神要求不只在建筑的整体格局,环境的设计,建筑的形象上表现出来,并且还应用建筑的装修、色彩等手段加以衬着与深入,所以才出现了紫禁城与苏州园林不同的环境与色彩办理,才出现了紫禁城建筑上大量的龙纹装修。
但是这些精神,这些意识形态的内容,表此刻建筑却和绘画、雕塑艺术不相同,其特点是比较抽象,比较抽象。
比如庄严、崇敬、娴静、精致、神奇等等,只好应用环境与建筑表现出一种氛围,只管也借取于装修,包含应用雕塑、绘画等手段,尽可能使这类表现详细化,但整体讲,还不行能像古代绘画、雕琢那样详细而明亮。
正是因为这样的特点,进而使建筑的精神功能也比较能够长时间地起作用。
清王朝能够通盘接受明王朝的紫禁城,从整体布局到装修都不用改正。
北京的北海琼华岛,自元朝经营以来,明清两朝能够向来持续经营和不停充分,但从内容到形式都不会改变。
这类持续,不只反应了在中国长远的封建制度下,历代王朝在政治制度、意识形态上的同一,同时也反应出建筑在精神功能上的特别性。
最集中表现封建帝王势力的紫禁城,当封建王朝被颠覆,此刻千百万人涌进旅行时,还能感觉到这类雄伟与庄严的氛围,却已经失掉了本来那种威慑的力量。
2017届高三第一次调研考试语文答案及评分标准

惠州市2017届高三第一次调研考试语文参考答案及评分标准第Ⅰ卷阅读甲必做题一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)1.(3分)*B.【《诗经》记载的是人们采掇香药香草的歌谣,不是香药香草的使用方法。
】2.(3分)*D.【“民间”之说,推论依据不足。
只能说“上层社会”。
】3.(3分)*B.【因为香药是宋代进口的主要货物,才出现了专事海外运输贸易香药的“香舶”。
】二、古诗文阅读(36分)(一)文言文阅读(19分)【参考译文】刘沆,字冲之,吉州永新人。
成人后,洒脱任性。
考进士没中选,自称“退士”,不再参与科举,他的父亲尽力鼓励他。
天圣八年,他才考中科举,选为进士第二名,担任大理评事、舒州通判。
有一件大案历年没能判决,刘沆用几天时间就判决了。
章献太后建资圣浮图,内侍张怀信倚仗皇帝诏令,督促工程严厉,州将乃至上书称病不敢任职,刘沆上奏罢免了张怀信。
一再升迁,担任了太常丞、直集贤院,出京担任衡州知州。
当地大姓尹氏欺负邻居年老子幼,想强占他家的田产,于是假造了买卖田契,等到邻家老人去世后,终于侵夺占有了那田产。
邻家的儿子向州县官衙告状,过了二十年也得不到公正判决,刘沆到任,邻家的儿子又就此事提出诉讼。
尹氏拿出多年交纳赋税的凭据作为证物,刘沆说:“如果你本有千顷田产,每年交纳赋税怎么只有这一点呢?你当初立买卖田契的时候,曾经按照皇帝诏令让乡邻知晓作证吗?那些人本来就还有很多在世,可以讯问他们。
”尹氏于是认罪。
他奉命出使契丹,馆伴杜防强劝刘沆饮酒,刘沆喝醉了,拂袖起身,趁势斥骂他,因为这事获罪调出京城做了潭州知州。
后来又降职做和州知州,改任右谏议大夫、江州知州。
当时湖南蛮猺屡次出来作乱,乃至杀害官吏。
朝廷任命刘沆为龙图阁直学士、潭州知州兼安抚使,允许他按需要自行裁决事务。
刘沆大规模发动军队来到桂阳,招降二千余人,对于降顺的蛮族首领他都上奏朝廷给他们官职。
他还招当地兵卒分头抓捕剩余叛乱者,斩杀了很多人。
后来判贼再次作乱,杀了副将胡元,刘沆因此降职任鄂州知州。
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惠州市2017届高三第一次调研考试语文试卷(2016.07)本试卷分必考和选考两部分,满分为150分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷的相应位置上。
2.考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案不能答在试卷上,必须写在答题卷的各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
第Ⅰ卷阅读甲必做题一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面文字,完成1~3题。
中国香文化是中国独具特色的传统文化之一。
它的起源甚早,据考古学家的考证,甚至可以追溯到石器时代。
距今6000多年前的新石器晚期,古人就以燃烧木柴和其他祭品的方式来祭祀天地诸神。
近几十年考古发现的各类文物(如陶熏炉)表明,早在四五千年前,古人就已经使用香品了。
作为活化石的殷商甲骨文,早在3000多年前就已经有了“柴”字,意为“手持燃烧的祭礼”,堪称祭祀用香的形象注解。
春秋战国时,由于地域所限,中土气候温凉,不太适宜香料植物的生长,所用香木香草的种类尚不如后世丰富,但对香木香草的使用方法已有很多,有熏烧(如蕙草、艾蒿),佩带(香囊、香花香草)、煮汤(泽兰)、熬膏(兰膏)、入酒等方法。
在我国第一部诗歌总集《诗经》中,不乏记述采掇香药香草的歌谣,如“彼采萧兮,一日不见,如三秋兮。
彼采艾兮,一日不见,如三岁兮”。
我国第一部医学典籍《黄帝内经》,总结了我国人民与疾病长期斗争的医疗经验,其中就提出了艾灸、熏燎等治病方法。
人们对香木香草不仅取之用之,而且歌之咏之,托之寓之。
《尚书》有“至治馨香,感于神明”之语,《孔子家语﹒六本》说:“入芝兰之室,久而不闻其香。
”在伟大诗人屈原的《离骚》、《九歌》等名篇中,他用香草来歌颂忠贤,以莸草来痛斥奸邪,我们可以从中了解战国时期香文化的一些梗概。
秦汉时期,封建社会的巩固,华夏大地的大统一,特别是汉朝张骞通西域后,丝绸之路的开通,使中外文化出现了空前的大交融。
当时东南亚、南亚和欧洲等地的各种香料开始传入我国,丰富了我国的香料种类,推动了香文化的发展。
班固给其弟班超的书信中有“窦侍中令载杂丝七百尺,市月氏马、苏合香”等语句,可见当时香料是丝绸之路中外贸易的主要商品之一。
《汉官曲制》还规定,“尚书郎怀香握兰,趋走丹墀”,“含鸡舌香伏奏事”。
宫廷内,熏香、佩香、浴香等更是寻常。
1972年我国考古学界在长沙市东郊发掘了马王堆汉墓,在一号汉墓出土的文物中,发现了熏囊、绢袋、绣花枕和熏炉等物品,其中都装有药物。
这些药物经研究鉴定为辛夷、桂、花椒等香药。
宋代,香文化达到了全盛时期。
由于中药成药的广泛流传,香疗法的普及,以及佛教、道教的盛行(都用焚香来礼佛敬神),香药的用药数量大幅度增加。
公元971年,宋朝专置市舶司于广州,专管对外贸易,当时香药居进口货物首位。
于是,出现了专事海外运输贸易香药的“香舶”。
宋朝的税收,仅仅市舶司香药税率收入一项,从宋初的1600余万,至南宋淳熙末增至6000余万,成为南宋朝廷的主要财政收入之一。
唐宋时期“香”受到文人的高度推崇,读书以香为友,独处以香为伴,衣物必以香薰,被褥必以香暖;公堂之上以香饰其庄严,松阁之下以香展其儒雅;调弦抚琴,以清香一炷佐其心志,导其韵致;品茗论道、书画会友无不以香为聚。
生活上,书中置芸香草避虫而有“书香”,以麝香、丁香入墨而有“墨香”,以沉香树皮作纸而有“香纸”,凡此种种,举不胜举。
(摘编自《中国香文化概述》)1.下列关于原文内容的表述,不正确的一项是(3分)A.新石器时代,古人通过燃烧木柴等祭品来祭祀天地诸神的形式,可以看作是香文化的起源。
B.春秋时期,香木香草的种类虽然不够丰富,但人们发明了许多使用方法,在《诗经》中就有相关的记载。
C.《黄帝内经》是我国最早的医学典籍,书中提出了艾灸、熏燎等治病方法,体现了古人使用香药香草的智慧。
D.文人偏爱香木香草,歌之咏之,托之寓之,屈原就曾在《离骚》《九歌》等作品中借香草来讴歌忠贤。
2.下列理解和分析,不符合原文意思的一项是(3分)A.秦汉时期,政治局面的稳定,丝绸之路的开通,为香文化的进一步发展起到了推动作用。
B.《汉官曲制》规定,向皇帝奏事的尚书郎事先要用香薰衣,奏事时还要口含香料。
C.丝绸之路开通以后,东南亚、欧洲等地的香料开始传入我国,香药成为当时中外贸易的重要商品。
D.马王堆汉墓出土了一些装有香药的熏囊、熏炉等物品,说明熏香风习在民间已较为普遍。
3.根据原文内容,下列理解和分析不正确的一项是(3分)A.宋代,中药成药的广泛流传、香疗法的普及、宗教用香等因素使得香药用药数量大幅度增加。
B.宋朝出现了专事海外运输贸易香药的“香舶”,促进了香药的进口,使香药成为主要进口货物。
C.唐宋时期,“香”已经渗入到文人的生活中,其不仅是芳香之物,更能启迪性灵,濡养身心。
D.香文化萌芽于石器时代,成长于春秋,发展于汉,鼎盛于宋,伴随着民族的发展,是留给后人的一笔不可多得的宝贵财富。
二、古诗文阅读(36分)(一)文言文阅读(19分)阅读下面的文言文,完成4—7题。
4.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是(3分)A.沆长于吏事/性豪率/少仪矩/然任数/善刺探权近过失/阴持之以轩轾取事/论者以此少之/ B.沆长于吏事/性豪率少仪矩/然任数善/刺探权近过失阴持之以轩轾取事/论者以此少之/ C.沆长于吏事/性豪率/少仪矩/然任数善/刺探权近过失/阴持之以轩轾取事/论者以此少之/ D.沆长于吏事/性豪率少仪矩/然任数/善刺探权近过失阴持之以轩轾取事/论者以此少之/ 5.下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是(3分)A.“名”是在出生时由父亲所取,“字”是在成人礼上后加的,出于礼貌,古人往往自称用名,称人以字。
B.进士,是古代科举殿试及第者之称。
科举殿试时的一甲三名,赐“进士及第”的称号,即状元、榜眼、探花。
C.“天圣”,是宋仁宗赵祯的年号,年号是中国历代帝王用以纪年的名号,一个皇帝有且只有一个年号。
D.便宜从事,朝廷给予大臣的一种特权,遇事不必请示,可根据实际情况斟酌处理。
6.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是(3分)A.刘沆为官善决断。
任舒州通判时,将州里几年没有判决的案件几天就裁决了。
B.刘沆办案心思细密。
曾有尹姓的大户人家,霸占邻居的房产二十多年,刘沆从这户人家每年上缴的赋税判断田地买卖的契约是伪造的。
C.刘沆仕途坎坷,宦海沉浮。
他曾因镇压湖南起义失利被贬鄂州,任职开封府期间官职又几起几落。
D.刘沆痛恨言官,直言进谏。
刘沆进言说,言官专挑别人隐秘不能争辩的事情来中伤士大夫,令执政者忌惮,从而得到提拔。
7.把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
(10分)(1)内侍张怀信挟诏命,督役严峻,州将至移疾不敢出,沆奏罢怀信。
(5分)(2)御史去陛下将相,削陛下爪牙,此曹所谋,臣莫测也。
(5分)(二)古代诗歌阅读(11分)阅读李白《越女词(其三)》,回答问题。
耶溪采莲女,见客棹歌回。
笑入荷花去,佯羞不出来。
[注释]耶溪:若耶溪,在今浙江绍兴南。
8.诗中的采莲女有什么特点?试作简析。
(6分)9.“佯羞”的意思是“假装害羞”呢,还是“因害羞而假装采莲”或别的意思?试结合诗句谈谈你的看法。
(5分)(三)名篇名句默写(6分)10.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。
(6分,每空1分)(1)王勃《滕王阁序》中以山水色彩的浓淡对比突出秋日景物的特征,被前人誉为“写尽九月之景”的句子是:“________,________。
”(2)在荀子《劝学》篇中,有一句提及学与思的关系,这句是:“________,________。
”(3)杜甫在被誉为“七律之首”的《登高》诗作中,表达自己四处飘零、老病孤愁的凄凉人生境遇的诗句是:“________,________。
”选考题请考生在第三、四两大题中选定其中一大题作答。
注意:作答时必须用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选大题对应的题号方框涂黑。
只能做所选定大题内的小题,不得选做另一道大题里的小题。
多做按所答的第一大题评分。
三、文学类文本阅读(25分)11.阅读下面的文字,完成(1)~(4)题。
(25分)女巫的面包玛莎·米查姆小姐是街角上那家小面包店的女老板。
她今年四十岁了,有两千元的银行存款,两枚假牙和一颗多情的心。
很多结了婚的人都没有玛莎小姐这么优越的条件。
有一个顾客每星期来两三次,玛莎小姐逐渐对他产生了好感。
他是个中年人,戴眼镜,棕色的胡子修剪得整整齐齐的。
衣服破旧,有几处补丁,而且宽松皱褶。
但是,他外表整洁、很有礼貌。
这个顾客老是买两个陈面包。
新鲜面包五分钱一个,陈面包五分钱两个。
他从来不要别的,只买陈面包。
有一次,玛莎小姐注意到他手指上有一块红褐色的污迹。
她立刻断定这位顾客是艺术家,并且非常穷困。
玛莎小姐坐下来吃肉排、喝红茶的时候,常常会好端端地叹起气来,希望那个斯文的艺术家能够分享她的美味的饭菜,不必待在阁楼里啃硬面包。
玛莎小姐的心,我早就告诉过你们了,是多情的。
为了证实她对这个顾客的职业的猜测,她把以前从拍卖会拍得的一幅绘画从房间搬到外面。
那是一幅威尼斯风景,一座壮丽的大理石宫殿矗立在前面的水景上,许多明暗烘托的笔触。
艺术家是不可能不注意到的。
两天后,那个顾客来了。
“两个陈面包,劳驾。
”“夫人,你这幅画不坏。
”顾客说道。
“是吗?”玛莎小姐说,她看到自己的计谋得逞了,便大为高兴。
“我最爱好艺术和——”(不,这么早就说“艺术家”是不妥的)“和绘画。
”她改口说。
“你认为这幅画不坏吗?”“宫殿,”顾客说,“画得不太好。
透视法用得不真实。
再见,夫人。
”他拿起面包,欠了欠身,匆匆走了。
是啊,他准是一个艺术家。
他眼镜后面的目光是多么温柔和善啊!他的前额有多么宽阔!一眼就可以判断透视法——却靠陈面包过活!假如天才有两千元银行存款、一家面包店和一颗多情的心作为后盾,艺术和透视法将能达到多么辉煌的成就啊——但这只是白日梦罢了,玛莎小姐。
最近一段时间他来的时候往往隔着货柜聊一会儿,他还是一直买陈面包。
她觉得他仿佛瘦了一点,精神也有点颓唐。
她很想在他买的寒酸的食物里加上一些好吃的东西,只是鼓不起勇气来。
她不敢冒失。
她了解艺术家高傲的心理。
玛莎小姐在店堂里的时候,也穿起那件蓝点子的绸背心来了。
她在后房熬了一种神秘的温棒子和硼砂的混合物。
有许多人用这种汁水美容。
一天,那个顾客又像平时那样来买他的陈面包。
玛莎小姐去拿面包的当儿,外面响起一阵嘈杂的喇叭声和警钟声,一辆救火车隆隆驶过。
顾客跑到门口去张望,玛莎小姐突然灵机一动,抓住了这个机会,往两个陈面包里各塞进一大片黄油,再把面包按紧。
顾客再进来时,她已经把面包用纸包好了。
顾客走了,玛莎小姐情不自禁地微笑起来,可是心头不免有点着慌。