ER_1110-2-1460(Engineering and Design - Hydrologic Engineering Management )(水力设计的工程管理)

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Hydraulic Phenomena A Glossary of Terms, Journal

Hydraulic Phenomena A Glossary of Terms,  Journal

EM1110-2-141615Oct93Appendix AReferencesA-1.Required PublicationsER1110-2-1150Engineering after Feasibility StudiesER1110-2-1455Cooperative Stream Gaging ProgramEM1110-2-1003Hydrographic SurveyingEM1110-2-1408Routing of Floods Through River ChannelsEM1110-2-1409Backwater Curves in River ChannelsEM1110-2-1601Hydraulic Design of Flood Control ChannelsEM1110-2-1612Ice EngineeringEM1110-2-4000Sedimentation Investigations of Rivers and ReservoirsA-2.Related PublicationsAbbott1979Abbott,M. putational Hydraulics-Elements of the Theory of Free Surface Flows,Pitman, London.American Society of Civil Engineers1942American Society of Civil Engineers.1942."Hydraulic Models,"Manuals of Engineering Practice No.25,New York.American Society of Civil Engineers1975American Society of Civil Engineers.1975."Sedimen-tation Engineering,"Manual54,Vito A.Vanoni,Ed., ASCE Task Committee,American Society of Civil Engineers,New York.American Society of Civil Engineers1982American Society of Civil Engineers.1982."Modeling Hydraulic Phenomena:A Glossary of Terms,"Journal Hydraulic Division,Vol108,No.7,pp.845-852.Barkau1985Barkau,R.L.1985."A Mathematical Model of Unsteady Flow Through a Dendritic Network,"Ph.D. Dissertation,Department of Civil Engineering,Colorado State University,Ft.Collins,CO.Barnes1967Barnes,Harry H.,Jr.1967."Roughness Characteristics of Natural Channels,"US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper1849,US Government Printing Office, Washington,DC.Barr Engineering Company1972Barr Engineering Company.1972."The Effect of Cross Section Data Errors in Water Surface Profile Determination,"Unpublished report for the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources,Minneapolis,MN. Beaseley1973Beaseley,James G.1973."An Investigation of the Data Requirements of Ohio for the HEC-2Water Sur-face Profile Model,"Master’s thesis,Ohio State University,Columbus,OH.Bedient and Huber1988Bedient,Philip B.,and Huber,Wayne C.1988. Hydrology and Floodplain Analysis,Addison-Wesley, New York.Bradley1978Bradley,Joseph N.1978."Hydraulics of Bridge Waterways."Hydraulic Design Series No.1,2nd ed. Bureau of Public Roads(now the Federal Highway Administration,1970,rev.March1978).Brownlie1981Brownlie,W.R.1981."Prediction of Flow Depth and Sediment Discharge in Open Channels,"Report No.KH-R-43A,California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,CA.Calkins1978Calkins, D.,et al.1978.Ice Engineering Course Manual,CRREL.Carey1963Carey,W.C.1963."Effect of Temperature on River-bed Configuration:Its Possible Stage-Discharge Implications,"Proceedings of the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference,Miscellaneous Publication No.970,Agricultural Research Service,US Department of Agriculture,Washington,DC,pp.237-272.EM1110-2-1416 15Oct93Chow1959Chow,V.T.1959.Open Channel Hydraulics, McGraw-Hill Book Company,New York.Colby and Scott1965Colby,B.R.,and Scott,C.H.1965."Effects of Water Temperature on the Discharge of Bed Material,"Profes-sional Paper462-G,US Geological Survey, Washington,DC.Cunge,Holly,and Vervey1980Cunge,J. A.,Holly, F.M.,and Vervey, A.1980. Practical Aspects of Computational River Hydraulics, Pitman,London.Davidian1984Davidian,Jacob.1984."Computation of Water-Surface Profiles in Open Channels,"Chapter A15in Techniques of Water Resources Investigations of the US Geological Survey,Book3:Applications of Hydraulics, US Department of the Interior.DuBoys1879DuBoys,P.1879."Le Rohne et les Riveires a Lit Affouillable,"Annales des Ponts et Chaussees,Series5, Vol18,pp141-195.Einstein1942Einstein,Hans Albert.1942."Formulas for the Trans-portation of Bed-Load,"Vol107,Paper No.2140, Transactions of the American Society of Engineers, pp561-573.Einstein1950Einstein,Hans Albert.1950."The Bed-Load Function for Sediment Transportation in Open Channel Flows," US Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin No.1026,Soil Conservation Service,Washington,DC, 71pp.Fischer1979Fischer,H. B.et al.1979.Mixing in Inland and Coastal Waters,Academic Press,New York.Franco1978Franco,J.J.1978."Guidelines for the Design,Adjust-ment,and Operation of Models for the Study of River Sedimentation Problems,"US Army Engineer Water-ways Experiment Station,Instruction Report H-78-1, Vicksburg,MS.Fread1978Fread,D.L.1978."National Weather Service Opera-tional Dynamic Wave Model,"Hydrologic Research Laboratory,Office of Hydrology,US Department of Commerce,NOAA,NWS,Silver Spring,MD.Fread1988Fread, D.L.1988."The NWS DAMBRK Model: Theoretical Background/User Documentation,"Hydro-logic Research Laboratory,Office of Hydrology, US Department of Commerce,NOAA,NWS,Silver Spring,MD,123pp.French1985French,R.H.1985.Open-Channel Hydraulics, McGraw-Hill.Gee and Wilcox1985Gee,D.M.and Wilcox,D.B.1985."Use of a Two-Dimensional Flow Model to Quantify Aquatic Habitat," Proceedings of the American Society Civil Engineers Special Conference on Computer Applications in Water Resources,Buffalo,NY.Gee,Anderson,and Baird1990Gee, D.M.,Anderson,M.G.,and Baird,L.1990. "Two-Dimensional Floodplain Modeling,"Proceedings of the ASCE National Conference on Hydraulic Engi-neering and the International Symposium on the Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands,San Diego,CA. Gomez and Church1989(Jun)Gomez,B.and Church,M.1989(Jun)."An Assess-ment of Bed Load Sediment Transport Formulae for Gravel Bed Rivers,"Water Resources Research,Vol25, No.6,pp.1161-1186.Heath1989Heath,R. E.1989."Phase I Model Study Results, Copeland Cut Reach,wrence River,"US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,Miscellaneous Paper HL-89-8,Vicksburg,MS.Heltzel1988Heltzel,S. B.1988."I-664Bridge-Tunnel Study, Virginia;Sedimentation and Circulation Investigation," US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Technical Report HL-88-25,Vicksburg,MS.EM1110-2-141615Oct93Henderson1966Henderson, F.M.1966.Open Channel Flow, Macmillan.Hinds1928Hinds,Julian.1928."The Hydraulic Design of Flume and Siphon Transitions,"Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers,Vol92,New York,NY. Hoggan1989Hoggan,Daniel puter-Assisted Flood-plain Hydrology and Hydraulics,McGraw-Hill,New York,NY.Johnson1982Johnson, B.H.1982."Development of Numerical Modeling Capabilities for the Computation of Unsteady Flow on the Ohio River and Its Major Tributaries," Technical Report HL-82,US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,Vicksburg,MS.Johnson,Heath,Hsieh,Kim,and Butler1991 Johnson,B.H.,Heath,R.E.,Hsieh,B.B.,Kim,K.W., and Butler,L.H.1991."Development and Verification of a Three-Dimensional Numerical Hydrodynamic, Salinity,and Temperature Model of Chesapeake Bay," US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Technical Report HL-91-7,Vicksburg,MS.Kim,Johnson,and Heath1990Kim,K.W.,Johnson,B.H.,and Heath,R.E.1990. "Long-Term Numerical Simulation of Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamics of Chesapeake Bay,"Pro-ceedings of the ASCE National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering and the International Symposium on the Hydraulics/Hydrology of Arid Lands,San Diego,CA. King and Brater1963King,Horace W.,and Brater,Ernest F.1963.Hand-book of Hydraulics,McGraw-Hill Book Company,Inc., New York,NY.King1988King,I.P.1988."A Users Guide for the Combined Element Version of RMA-2V,"Release4.1,Resource Management Associates,Lafayette,CA.Lane,Carlson,and Hanson1949Lane,E.W.,Carlson,E.J.,and Hanson,O.S.1949 (Sep)."Low Temperature Increases Sediment Transport in Colorado River,"Civil Engineering,ASCE,Vol.19, No.9,ursen1970Laursen,Emmett M.1970(Apr)."Bridge Backwater in Wide Valleys,"Journal of the Hydraulics Division, ASCE,Vol.96,No.HY4.Lee1980Lee,J.K.1980."Two-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of the Hydraulic Effect of Highway Bridge Fills in a Complex Floodplain,"Proceedings,Third International Conference on Finite Elements in Water Resources,The University of Mississippi,Oxford,MS. Leopold,Wolman,and Miller1964Leopold,L.B.,Wolman,M.G.,and Miller,J.P.1964. Fluvial Processes in Geomorphology,W.H.Freeman and Co.,San Francisco,CA.Limerinos1970Limerinos,J.T.1970."Determination of the Manning Coefficient from Measured Bed Roughness in Natural Channels,"Water Supply Paper1898B,US Geological Survey.Lin and Martin1989Lin,H-C.J.,and Martin,W.D.1989."Newport News Channel Deepening Study,Virginia;Numerical Model Investigation,"US Army Engineer Waterways Experi-ment Station,Technical Report HL-89-12,Vicksburg, MS.MacArthur,Wakeman,and Norton1987 MacArthur,R. C.,Wakeman,T.,and Norton,W.R. 1987."Numerical Evaluation of Environmental Concerns for the Fisherman’s Wharf Harbor Break-water,"Proceedings of the San Francisco District Navi-gation Workshop,US Army Corps of Engineers,San Francisco District,San Francisco,CA.McAnally1984aMcAnally,W.H.,et al.1984a."The Columbia River Hybrid Modeling System,"Journal of Hydraulic Engi-neering,ASCE Vol.110,No.3,Proc.Paper18652. McAnally1984bMcAnally,W.H.,et al.1984b."Application of the Columbia Hybrid Modeling System,"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,ASCE,Vol.110,No.5, Paper18796.EM1110-2-1416 15Oct93McBean and Penel1984McBean,Edward,and Penel,Jacques.1984."Uncer-tainty Analysis of Delineated Floodplain,"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,71,385-387.Molinas and Trent1991Molinas,Albert,and Trent,Roy.1991."Bri-Stars Model for Alluvial River Simulations,"In Proceedings of the Fifth Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference,Edited by Shou Shan Fan and Yung-Huang Kuo,Vol.2,pp8-93-8-100,Subcommittee on Sedimen-tation of the Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data.Pariset,Hausser,and Gagnon1966(Nov)Pariset,Ernest,Hausser,Rene,and Gagnon,Andre. 1966(Nov)."Formation of Ice Covers and Ice Jams in Rivers,"Journal of the Hydraulics Division,ASCE, Vol.92,No.HY6.Petersen1986Petersen,M.S.1986.River Engineering,Prentice-Hall.Ponce1989Ponce,V.M.1989.Engineering Hydrology:Prin-ciples and Practices,Prentice-Hall.Rouse1938Rouse,H.1938.Fluid Mechanics for Hydraulic Engi-neers,McGraw-Hill,NY.Rouse1959Rouse,H.1959.Engineering Hydraulics,John Wiley and Sons,Inc.Schaffranek,Baltzer,and Goldberg1981 Schaffranek,R.W.,Baltzer,R.A.,and Goldberg,D.E. 1981."A Model for Simulation of Flow in Singular and Interconnected Channels,"Chapter C3,Techniques of Water Resources Investigations of the U.S.Geologi-cal Survey,Washington,DC.Schumm1977Schumm,S.A.1977.The Fluvial System,John Wiley and Sons,Inc.Simons and Richardson1966Simons,D.B.,and Richardson,E.V.1966."Resis-tance to Flow in Alluvial Channels,"Professional Paper 442J,US Geological Survey,Washington,DC.Simons and Sentürk1976Simons,D.B.,and Sentürk,F.1976.Sediment Trans-port Technology,Water Resources Publications,Fort Collins,CO.Smith1978Smith,R.H.1978."Development of a Flood Routing Model for Small Meandering Rivers,"Ph.D.dissertation, Department of Civil Engineering,University of Missouri at Rolla,MO.Stewart,Daggett,and Athow1985Stewart,J.P.,Daggett,L.L.,and Athow,R.F.1985. "Impact of Proposed Runway Extension at Little Rock Municipal Airport on Water-Surface Elevations and Navigation Conditions in Arkansas River,"US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,Miscellaneous Paper HL-85-3,Vicksburg,MS.Sverdrup,Johnson,and Fleming1942Sverdrup,H.U.,Johnson,M.W.,and Fleming,R.H. 1942.The Oceans,their Physics,Chemistry,and Gen-eral Biology,Prentice-Hall,Inc.Englewood Cliffs,NJ. Thomas and McAnally1985Thomas,W.A.,and McAnally,W.H.1985."Open-Channel Flow and Sedimentation TABS-2,"User’s Manual,US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,Instruction Report HL-85-1,Vicksburg,MS. Tseng1975Tseng,M.T.1975."Evaluation of Flood Risk Factors in the Design of Highway Stream Crossings,"Finite Element Model for Bridge Backwater Computation, Report NO.FHWA-RD-75-53,Vol3,Office of Research&Development,Federal Highway Administra-tion,Washington,DC.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1975US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1975."Water Surface Profiles,"Vol.6, Hydrologic Engineering Methods for Water Resources Development,Davis,CA.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1982aUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1982a(Apr)."Application of the HEC-2Split Flow Option,"Training Document18.EM1110-2-141615Oct93US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1982bUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1982b."Two-Dimensional Flow Modeling," Proceedings of the First National US Army Corps of Engineers-Sponsored Seminar on Two-Dimensional Flow Modeling.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1983US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1983."Flood Routing Through a Flat,Com-plex Floodplain Using a One-Dimensional Unsteady Flow Computer Program,"Technical Paper No.93.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1986US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1986."Accuracy of Computed Water Surface Profiles,"Research Document No.26,Davis,CA.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1988aUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1988a."Computing Water Surface Profiles with HEC-2on a Personal Computer,"Training Docu-ment No.26,Davis,CA.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1988bUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1988b."Preliminary Analysis System for Water Surface Profile Computation,"User’s manual, Davis CA.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1989US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center(HEC).1989."Accuracy of Computed Water Surface Profiles,Supplement:Commercial Survey Guidelines for Water Surface Profiles,"Davis,CA.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1990aUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1990a."HEC-1,Flood Hydrograph Package User’s Manual,"Davis,CA.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1990bUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1990b."HEC-2,Water Surface Profiles User’s Manual,"Davis, Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1990cUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1990c."Red River of the North UNET Appli-cation,"Project Report No.91-01.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1990dUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1990d."HECDSS User’s Guide and Utility Program Manuals,"CPD-45.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1990eUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1990e(Jun)."Phase I Sediment Engineering Investigation of the Caliente Creek Drainage Basin," Project Report90-03.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1990fUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.1990f."Numerical Simulation of Mudflows from Hypothetical Failures of the Castle Lake Debris Blockage Near Mount St.Helens,WA,"PR-14.US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineer-ing Center1991bUS Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering er’s Manual for UNET,"One-Dimensional Unsteady Flow Through a Full Network of Open Channels,"Davis,CA.US Army Corps of Engineers1969US Army Corps of Engineers(USACE).1969. "Missouri River Channel Regime Studies,Omaha Dis-trict,"MRD Sediment Series No.13B,Omaha,NE.US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station 1991US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. 1991."Hydraulic Design Package for Flood Control Channels(SAM),"PRELIMINARY,Vicksburg,MS. US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station 1992US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. 1992."Methods for Predicting n-Values for the Manning Equation,"Flood Control Channels Research Program,Vicksburg,MS.EM1110-2-1416 15Oct93US Department of Interior1980US Department of Interior.1980."Hydraulic Labora-tory Techniques,"Bureau of Reclamation,Denver,CO. US Department of Transportation,Federal Highway Administration1985US Department of Transportation,Federal Highway Administration.1985."Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts,"US Department of Transportation.US Department of Transportation,Federal Highway Administration1989US Department of Transportation,Federal Highway Administration.1989."FESWMS-2DH Finite Element Surface-Water Modeling System:Two-Dimensional Flow in a Horizontal Plane,"Publication No.FHWA-RD-88-177.US Geological Survey1977US Geological Survey.1977."National Handbook of Recommended Methods for Water Data Acquisition." US Geological Survey1986US Geological Survey.1986."Rock Riprap Design for Protection of Stream Channels Near Highway Struc-tures,Vol.1--Hydraulic Characteristics of Open Chan-nels,"Water Resources Investigations,Report No.86-4127,Sacramento,CA.Wiegel1964Wiegel,R.L.1964.Oceanographical Engineering, Prentice-Hall,Inc.,Englewood Cliffs,NJ.Williams1988aWilliams,David T.1988a(May)."Levee Design Pro-files for the Williamson,West Virginia,Flood Protec-tion Project,"Case Study-HEC-2Application,Video Taped Lecture#HEC-703,Advanced HEC-2Course, Hydrologic Engineering Center,Davis,CA.Williams1988bWilliams,David T.1988b(May)."HEC-2Application in Hydraulic Design,"Lecture L1289,Advanced HEC-2 Course,Hydrologic Engineering Center,Davis,CA. Williams1988cWilliams,David T.1988c."Levee Design Profiles for the Williamson,West Virginia,Flood Protection Pro-ject,"US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Sta-tion,Miscellaneous Paper HL-88-4,Vicksburg,MS.Williams and Julien1989Williams, D.T.,and Julien,P.Y.1989(Nov). "Applicability Index for Sand Transport Equations," Technical Note,ASCE Journal of Hydraulic Engineer-ing,Vol.115,No.11,pp.1578-1581.Yang and Wan1991Yang C.T.and Wan,S.1991(Aug)."Comparisons of Selected Bed-Material Load Formulas,"ASCE Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,Vol.117,No.8,pp.973-989.A-3.BibliographyGessler1971Gessler,Johannes.1971."Beginning and Ceasing of Sediment Motion,"Chapter7,River Mechanics,Edited by H.W.Shen,Water Resources Publications,Littleton, CO.Nordin1964Nordin,C.F.1964."Aspects of Flow Resistance and Sediment Transport:Rio Grande Near Bernalillo,New Mexico,"US Geological Survey Water Supply Paper1498-H,Washington,DC.Thomas1977Thomas,W.A.1977."Sediment Transport,"Vol.12, A United States Contribution to the International Hydro-logical Decade,Hydrologic Engineering Center, US Army Corps of Engineers,Davis,CA.Thomas1980Thomas,W.A.1980."Mathematical Modeling Solu-tions,"Application of Stochastic Processes in Sediment Transport(H.W.Shen and H.Kikkawa,eds.),Water Resources Publications,Littleton,CO.Thomas1982Thomas,W.A.1982."Mathematical Modeling of Sediment Movement,"Gravel Bed Rivers,ed.by R.D. 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Channels

Channels

APPENDIX AREFERENCESGovernment PublicationsDepartment of the Army,Corps of Engineers*Engineer RegulationsER1110-1-803ConstructibilityER1110-2-100Periodic Inspection and ContinuingEvaluation of Completed Civil WorksStructuresER1110-2-1806Earthquake Design and Analysis forCorps of Engineers ProjectsER1130-2-339Inspection of Local Flood ProtectionProjects(RC5DAEN-CWC-40)Technical ManualsTM5-818-1Soils and Geology:Procedures forFoundation Design of Buildings andOther Structures(Except HydraulicStructures)Engineer ManualsEM1110-1-1804Geotechnical InvestigationsEM1110-1-2101Working Stresses for Structural Design EM1110-1-2009Architectural ConcreteEM1110-2-301Landscape Planting at Floodwalls,Levees&Embankment DamsEM1110-2-1410Interior Drainage of Leveed UrbanAreas:HydrologyEM1110-2-1601Hydraulic Design of Flood ControlChannels*Available from:Corps of Engineers Publication Depot,280352nd Avenue, Hyattsville,MD20781.29Sep89EM1110-2-1901Soil Mechanics Design-SeepageControlEM1110-2-1902Stability of Earth and Rock-Fill Dams EM1110-2-1903Bearing Capacity of SoilsEM1110-2-1904Soil Mechanics Design-SettlementAnalysisEM1110-2-1905Design of Finite Relief Well Systems EM1110-2-1906Laboratory Soil TestingEM1110-2-1907Soil SamplingEM1110-2-1908Instrumentation of Earth and Rock-FillDams(Ground-Water&Pore PressureObservations)(Part1)EM1110-2-1911Construction Control for Earth andRockfill DamsEM1110-2-1913Design and Construction of LeveesEM1110-2-2000Standard Practice for ConcreteEM1110-2-2102Waterstops and Other Joint Materials EM1110-2-2103Details of Reinforcement-HydraulicStructuresEM1110-2-2906Design of Pile Structures andFoundationsEM1110-2-4300Instrumentation for ConcreteStructuresEM1120-2-109Federal Participation in MajorDrainage ImprovementsGuide SpecificationsCW02215Plastic Filter FabricCW03301Cast-in-Place Structural ConcreteCW03305Mass ConcreteAgostinelli,V.M.,et al.1981(Feb)."Program Criteria Specifications Document for Computer Program TWDA for Design and Analysis of Inverted-T Retaining Walls and Floodwalls."Available from:U.S.Army EngineerWaterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Al-Hussani,M.M.,and Perry, E. B.1976(Sep)."Effect of Horizontal Rein-forcement on Stability of Earth Masses,"Technical Report S-76-11,U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS 39180.Al-Hussani,M.M.,and Perry, E. B.1978(Mar)."Field Experiment of Rein-forcement Earth Wall,"Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE,Vol104,No.GT3,pp307-322.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.American Concrete Institute."Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete,"ACI318,Detroit,Mich.Available from:American ConcreteInstitute,P.O.Box19150,Redford Station,Detroit,MI48219.American Concrete Institute.1967."Ultimate Strength Design Handbook,ACI Publication SP-17.Available from:American Concrete Institute,P.O.Box19150,Redford Station,Detroit,MI48219.ANSI A58.1.Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures,American National Structures Institute,Inc.,1430Broadway;New York,NY10018.Applied Technology Council(ATC).1981(Oct).Seismic Design Guidelines for Highway Bridges,FHWA Report No.FHWA/RD-81/081.Available from:NTIS, Springfield,VA22161.ASTM D1586."Standard Method for Penetration Test and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils."Available from:ASTM,1916Race St.,Philadelphia,PA19103.ASTM D3441-79."Standard Method for Deep Quasi-Static,Cone and Friction-Cone Penetration Tests of Soil."Available from:ASTM,1916Race St., Philadelphia,PA19103.Baguelin, F.,Jezequel,J. F.,and Shields,J. F.1978.The Pressuremeter and Foundation Engineering,Trans-Tech Publications,Rockport,MA. Bowles,J. E.1982.Foundation Analysis and Design,3rd ed.,McGraw-Hill, New York.Brooker, E.W.,and Ireland,H.O.1965(Feb)."Earth Pressures At-Rest Related to Stress History,"Canadian Geotechnical Journal,Vol2,No.1, pp1-15.29Sep89Caquot, A.,and Kerisel,J.1948.Tables for the Calculation of Passive Pressure,Active Pressure,and Bearing Capacity of Foundations(trans-lated by M. A.Bec,London),Gauthier-Villars,Paris.Carroll,R.G.,Jr.,and Murphy,J. C.1985(May-Jun)."Drainage Objective: Prefabricated Drainage Composites,"Geotechnical Fabrics Report,Vol3, No.3,pp14-18.Casagrande, A.1937."Seepage Through Dams,"Contributions to Soil Mechanics,1925-1949,Boston Society of Civil Engineers,Boston,MA,pp295-336.Casagrande,Leo.1973(Feb)."Comments of Conventional Design of Retaining Structures,"Journal,Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,American Society of Civil Engineers,Vol99,No.SM2,pp181-197.Availablefrom:ASCE Publication Fulfillment,345East47th Street,New York,NY 10017.Cedergren,Harry R.1967.Seepage,Drainage,and Flow Nets,John Wiley and Sons,New York.Collin,J. C.1986(May)."Earth Wall Design,"Ph.D.Dissertation,Univer-sity of California,Berkeley.Available from:University MicrofilmsInternational,300North Zeeb Road,Ann Arbor,MI48106.Criblock Retaining Walls of America,Inc."Criblock Interlocking Concrete Criblock."Available from:Criblock Retaining Wall of America,Inc.,P.O.Box849,Sierra Madre,CA91024.Danish Geotechnical Institute.1978."Code of Practice for Foundation Engi-neering,"Danish Geotechnical Institute,Copenhagen,Denmark,BulletinNo.32,p52.Das, B.M.1984.Principles of Foundation Engineering,Brooks/Cole Engineer ing Division,Monterey,CA.Department of the Navy.1982a(May)."Soil Mechanics,"NAVFAC DM-7.1.Available from:Department of the Navy,Naval Facilities EngineeringCommand,200Stovall St.,Alexandria,VA22332.Department of the Navy.1982b(May)."Foundations and Earth Structures,"NAVFAC DM-7.2.Available from:Department of the Navy,Naval Facilities Engineering Command,200Stovall St.,Alexandria,VA22332.Doublewal Corp.1984."Doublewal Interlocking Precast Retaining Wall System Field Manual."Available from:Doublewal Corp.,59East Main St.,Plainville,CT06062.Driscoll, D. D.1979(Dec).Retaining Wall Design Guide,Foundation Ser-vices,Inc.,Portland,OR,Prepared for USDA Forest Service.Available from:USDA Forest Service Region6,319S.W.Pine St.,Portland,OR97208.Duncan,J.M.,and Buchignani, A.L.1976(Jun)."An Engineering Manual for Settlement Studies,"Department of Civil Engineering,University ofCalifornia,Berkeley.Elias,V.1986."Retaining Walls,"Draft Bridge Design Manual,Part4, Structures,Section5,Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.Available from:V.Elias and Associates,6809Carlynn Court,Bethesda, MD20817.Evergreen Systems,Inc."Retaining Walls."Available from:Evergreen Systems,Inc.,P.O.Box345,Kings Point,NY11754.Forsyth,R. A.1979."Alternate Earth Reinforcements,"Proceedings,Sym-posium on Earth Reinforcement,American Society of Civil Engineers,pp358-370.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways ExperimentStation,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Frondistou-Yannas,S.1985(Jan)."Corrosion Susceptibility of Internally Reinforced Soil Retaining Structures,"Report No.FHWA-RD-83-105,U.S.Department of Transportation,Federal Highway Administration.Available from:Federal Highway Administration,Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center,6300Georgetown Pike,McLean,VA22101.Geotechnical Control Office.1982(Jun).Guide to Retaining Wall Design, Geoguide1,Engineering Development Department,Hong Kong.Availablefrom:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631, Vicksburg,MS39180.Godfrey,K. A.,Jr.1984(Dec)."Retaining Walls:Competition or Anarchy?", Civil Engineering,Vol54,No.12,pp48-52.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Harr,M. E.1977.Mechanics of Particulate Media,McGraw-Hill,New York.Available from:McGraw-Hill International Book Company,1221Avenue of the Americas,New York,NY10020.Harr,M. E.1962.Groundwater and Seepage,McGraw-Hill,New York.Hilfiker Company."R.S. E.Construction Guide."Available from:Hilfiker Company,3900Broadway,Eureka,CA95501.Ingold,T.S.1979a."Retaining Wall Performance During Backfilling,"Journal,Geotechnical Engineering Division,American Society of CivilEngineers,Vol105,No.GT5,pp613-626.29Sep89Ingold,T.S.1979b."The Effect of Compaction on Retaining Walls,"Geotechnique,Vol29,No.3,pp265-283.Ireland,H.O.1964(Aug)."Design and Construction of Retaining Walls,"Design of Structures to Resist Earth Pressure,Soil Mechanics LectureSeries,Department of Civil Engineering,Illinois Institute of Technol-ogy,Chicago,IL.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Exper-iment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Jackura,K. A.1984(May)."Results of Minor Research on Bar-Mat Pullout Tests,"CA/TL-84-08,California Department of Transportation,Sacramento, CA.Jaky,J.1944."The Coefficient of Earth Pressure At-Rest,"Journal,Society of Hungarian Architects and Engineers,Budapest,Hungary,pp355-358. Jones, C.J. F.P.1985.Earth Reinforcement and Soil Structures, Butterworths,London.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer WaterwaysExperiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Kenney,T. C.1959.Discussion of"Geotechnical Properties of Glacial Clays,"by T.H.Wu,Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Divi-sion,ASCE,Vol85,No.SM3,pp67-79.Kraemer,S.R.,and Smith, A. D.1986(Oct)."Geocomposite Drains,"Vol I, Engineering Assessment and Preliminary Guidelines,Report No.FHWA-RD-86-171,U.S.Department of Transportation,Federal Highway Administra-tion.Available from:Federal Highway Administration,6300Georgetown Pike,McLean,VA22101.Leary,R.M.,and Klinedinst,G.L.1984(May)."Retaining Wall Alternates,"Proceedings,34th Annual Highway Geology Symposium,Atlanta,GA.Avail-able from:Federal Highway Administration,Geotechnical and MaterialsBranch,4007th St.,S.W.,Washington,DC20590.Liu,Tony C.,and Gleason,Scott.1981(Dec)."Strength Design of Reinforced Concrete Hydraulic Structures,"Technical Report SL-80-4,U.S.ArmyEngineer Waterways Experiment Station,Vicksburg,MS.Available from:US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg, MS39180.Long,N.T.,et al.1984(May)."Repair of a Reinforced Earth Wall,"Pro-ceedings,International Conference on Case Histories in GeotechnicalEngineering,Vol1,pp335-339,University of Missouri-Rolla,Rolla,MO.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Marcuson,W. F.,and Bieganousky,W. A.1977(Nov)."SPT and Relative Den sity in Coarse Sands,"Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE,Vol103,No.GT11,pp1295-1309.Massarsch,K.R.1979."Lateral Earth Pressure in Normally Consolidated Clays,"Proceedings of the Seventh European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Brighton,England,Vol2,pp245-249. Matsuo,M.,Kenmochi,S.,Yagi,H.1978(Sep)."Experimental Study on Earth Pressure of Retaining Wall by Field Tests,"Soils and Foundations,Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Vol18,No.3,pp27-41.Available from:Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Suga-yama Building-4F,Kanda Awaji-cho2-23Chiyoda-ku,Tokyo101,Japan.McGee,P. E.1985(Nov)."Reinforced Earth Wall Strip Serviceability Study,"Special Research Study No.8405,Geotechnical Engineering Bureau,Office of Materials and Research,Georgia Department of Transportation,Forest Park,GA.Available from:Engineering Design Unit,Georgia Department of Transportation,Office of Materials and Research,15Kennedy Drive,Forest Park,GA30050.McGown, A.,et al.1985."The Load-Strain-Time Behavior of Tensor Geogrids,"Proceedings,Conference on Polymer Grid Reinforcement,pp11-17,Thomas Telford Ltd.,London.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer WaterwaysExperiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.McKittrick, D.1979."Design Construction,Technology,and Performance of Reinforced Earth Structures,"Proceedings,Symposium on Earth Reinforce-ment,American Society of Civil Engineers,pp596-616.Available from: U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Meyerhof,G.G.1956."Penetration Tests and Bearing Capacity of Cohesion-less Soils,"Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Divisions,ASCE,Vol82,No.SM1,pp1-19.Mitchell,J.K.,Villet,W. C. B.,and DiMillio, A. F.1984(Dec)."Soil Reinforcement for Stabilization of Earth Slopes and Embankments,"Public Roads,U.S.Department of Transportation,Vol48,No.3,pp88-95.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Mitchell,J.K.,and Villet,W. C. B.,eds.1986."Reinforcement of Earth Slopes and Embankments,"4Vols,National Cooperative Highway ResearchProgram Project24-2,National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Washington,DC.Available from:National Cooperative HighwayResearch Program,2101Constitution Avenue,N.W.,Washington,DC20418. Mosher,Reed L.,and Pace,Michael E.1982(Jun).User’s Guide:Computer Program for Bearing Capacity Analyses of Shallow Foundations(CBEAR),Instruction Report K-82-7,U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Sta-tion,Vicksburg,MS.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer WaterwaysExperiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.29Sep89Pace,Michael E,Noddin,Virginia R.,1987(Oct)."Sliding Stability of Con-crete Structures(CSLIDE),"Instruction Report ITL-87-5.Available from: U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Pace,Michael E.,Williams,Dennis R.,Wolff,Thomas F.,and Mosher,Reed.1984(Sep)."Seepage Analysis of Confined Flow Problems by the Method of Fragments(CFRAG),"Instruction Report K-84-8.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Peck,R. B.,and Bazaraa, A.S.1969."Discussion on Settlement of Spread Footings on Sand,"Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Divi-sion,ASCE,Vol95,No.SM3,pp905-909.Peck,R. B.,Hanson,W. E.,and Thornburn,T.H.1974.Foundation Engineer-ing,2nd.ed.,Wiley,New York.Robertson,P.K.,and Campanella,R.G.1983."Interpretation of Cone Pene tration Tests;Parts I and II,"Canadian Geotechnical Journal,Vol20,No.4,pp718-745.Schmertmann,J.H.1975."Measurement of In-Situ Strength,"Proceedings of the Conference on In-Situ Measurement of Soil Properties,ASCE,pp55-138.Schwab,G.O.,et al.1981.Soil and Water Conservation Engineering,John Wiley,New York,3rd edition.Available from:U.S.Army EngineerWaterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Seed,H. B.1976(Sep)."Evaluation of Soil Liquefaction Effects on Level Ground During Earthquakes,"Liquefaction Problems in Geotechnical Engi-neering,ASCE annual convention and exposition,Philadelphia,PA,pre-print2752,pp1-104.Seed,H. B.,Arango,I.,and Chan, C.K.1975."Evaluation of Soil Liquefac tion Potential During Earthquakes,"Report No.EERC75-28,EarthquakeEngineering Research Center,College of Engineering,University ofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA.Seed,H. B.,and Idriss,I.M.1982."Ground Motions and Soil Liquefaction During Earthquakes,"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,Univer-sity of California,Berkeley,CA.Seed,H. B.,and Whitman,R.V.1970."Design of Earth Retaining Structures for Dynamic Loads,"ASCE Specialty Conference,Lateral Stresses in theGround and Design of Earth Retaining Structures,pp103-147.Shields, D.H.,and Tolunay, A.Z.1973."Passive Pressure Coefficients by Method of Slices,"Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Divi-sion,ASCE,Vol99,No.SM12,pp1043-1053.Sibley, E. A.1967."Backfill Adjacent to Structures,"Proceedings of the Montana Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Depart-ment of Civil Engineering,Montana State University,Bozeman,MT.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Smith, A. D.,and Kraemer,S.R.1987(Feb)."Creep of Geocomposite Drains,"Proceedings,Geosynthetic’87Conference,New Orleans,LA,Vol2,pp422-433.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways ExperimentStation,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Spangler,M.G.,and Mickle,J.1956."Lateral Pressure on Retaining Walls Due to Backfill Surface Loads,"Highway Research Board Bulletin141,pp1-18.Tcheng,Y.,and Iseux,J.1972."Essais de Butee en Vraie Grandeur et Con straintes Engendrees par une Surcharge Rectangulaire sur un Mur Verti-cal,"Proceedings,5th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Founda-tion Engineering,Madrid.Tensar Corp.,"Tensar."1984.Available from:The Tensar Corp.,1210Citi-zens Parkway,Morrow,GA30260.Terzaghi,K.1934."Large Retaining Wall Tests,"Engineering News-Record, Vol85,February1--April19.Terzaghi,K.1943.Theoretical Soil Mechanics,John Wiley,New York. Terzaghi,K.,and Peck,R. B.1948.Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, John Wiley,New York.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer WaterwaysExperiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Tracy,Fred T.1977a(Aug)."An Interactive Graphics Finite Element Method Grid Generator for Two-Dimensional Problems,"Miscellaneous Paper K-77-5, U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,Vicksburg,MS.Avail-able from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Tracy,Fred T.1977b(Aug)."An Interactive Graphics Post-Processor for Finite Element Method Static Analyses,"Miscellaneous Paper K-77-4,U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,Vicksburg,MS.Availablefrom:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631, Vicksburg,MS39180.29Sep89Tracy,Fred T.1983(Sep)."User’s Guide for a Plane and Axisymmetric Finite Element Program for Steady-State Seepage Problems,"InstructionReport K-83-4,U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,Vicksburg,MS.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.Tschebatarioff,G.1949."Large Scale Earth Pressure Tests with Model Flex-ible Bulkheads,"Final Report to U.S.Navy,Bureau of Yards and Docks, Princeton University.U.S.Army Engineer Division,Ohio River.1958(Jun)."Final Report on Full-size Floodwall(T-type)Stability Test."Available from HQUSACE Library. U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.1956(Oct)."Investigation of Underseepage and Its Control,"Technical Memorandum No.3-424.Avail-able from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.1960(Apr)."The Unified Soil Classification System,"Technical Memorandum No.3-357.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631, Vicksburg,MS39180.U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.1962(Jun).Technical Re port TR3-604.Engineering Properties of Fine-Grained Mississippi Valley Alluvial Soils Meander Belt and Blackswamp Deposits.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.1980(Aug).Rock Testing Handbook,Standard and Recommended Methods.Available from:U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,P.O.Box631,Vicksburg,MS39180.U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.1984.Shore Protection Manual,Vol2of2,Vicksburg,MS.Available from:Superintendent ofDocuments,ernment Printing Office,Washington,DC20402.Vesic, A.S.1975."Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations,"Foundation Engineering Handbook,Hans F.Winterkorn and Hsai-Fang,ed.,Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,New York.VSL Corporation.1984."Retaining Earth."Available from:VSL Corporation, 101Albright Way,Los Gatos,CA95030.Westergaard,H.M.1933."Water Pressures on Dams During Earthquakes,"Transaction,American Society of Civil Engineers,Vol98,pp418-433.Available from:ASCE Publication Fulfillment,345East4th St.,NewYork,NY10017.EM1110-2-250229Sep89Whitman,R.V.,and Liao,S.1985(Jan).Seismic Design of Gravity Retaining Walls,Miscellaneous Paper GL-85-1,U.S.Army Engineer Waterways Exper-iment Station,Vicksburg,MS39180.Winterkorn,H. F.,and Fang,H-Y.,eds.1975.Foundation Engineering Hand-book,Van Nostrand-Reinhold,New York.Wu,T.H.1966.Soil Mechanics,Allyn and Bacon,Inc.,Boston,MA.A-11。

美国海岸工程手册Part_I-Chap_1

美国海岸工程手册Part_I-Chap_1

Chapter 1EM 1110-2-1100INTRODUCTION(Part I)1 August 2008 (Change 2)Table of ContentsPage I-1-1. Purpose and Scope.......................................................I-1-1 I-1-2. Applicability.............................................................I-1-1 I-1-3. Definitions...............................................................I-1-1a. Coastal.................................................................I-1-1b. Coastal engineering.......................................................I-1-1c. Coastal science..........................................................I-1-2 I-1-4. Bibliography.............................................................I-1-2 I-1-5. References...............................................................I-1-2 I-1-6. Acknowledgments........................................................I-1-4EM 1110-2-1100 (Part I)1 Aug 08 (Change 2) Chapter I-1IntroductionI-1-1. Purpose and ScopeThe Coastal Engineering Manual (CEM) assembles in a single source the current state-of-the-art in coastal engineering to provide appropriate guidance for application of techniques and methods to the solution of most coastal engineering problems. The CEM provides a standard for the formulation, design, and expected performance of a broad variety of coastal projects. These projects are undertaken to provide or improve navigation at commercial harbors, harbor works for commercial fish handling and service facilities, and recreational boating facilities. As an adjunct to navigation improvements, shore protection projects are often required to mitigate the impacts of navigation projects. Beach erosion control and hurricane or coastal storm protection projects provide wave damage reduction and flood protection to valuable coastal commercial, urban, and tourist communities. Environmental restoration projects provide a rational layout and proven approach to restoring the coastal and tidal environs where such action may be justified, or required as mitigation to a coastal project’s impacts, or as mitigation for the impact of some previous coastal activity, incident, or neglect. As the much expanded replacement document for the Shore Protection Manual (1984) and several other U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) manuals, the CEM provides a much broader field of guidance and is designed for frequent updates.I-1-2. ApplicabilityThis manual is applicable to U. S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Commands having civil works responsibility. It is anticipated that the comprehensive scope and instructions of this manual will warrant its use by a broad spectra of coastal engineers and scientists beyond the bounds of the USACE. Although this broad application has been considered throughout the development of the CEM, some sections are specific to the mission, authority, and operation of the USACE.I-1-3. DefinitionsDefinitions are listed throughout the manual when terms are first introduced. In addition, a glossary of terms is provided in the appendix, and Table IV-1-1 lists definitions of common coastal geologic features. However, a few basic definitions will help the novice to better understand and grasp the purpose and scope of the CEM. Part IV, Chapter 2 defines types of coastal structures.a.Coastal. Referring to the zone where the land meets the sea, a region of indefinite width that extends inland from the sea to the first major change in topography. In this manual, “coastal” will refer to shores that are influenced by wave processes (oscillatory flow dynamics). Bays, and lakes, and estuaries are included, but rivers, primarily influenced by generally unidirectional currents, are generally beyond the scope of this manual. Estuaries, including that part of rivers subject to the ebb and flow of the tide are covered by this manual.b.Coastal engineering. One of several specialized engineering disciplines that fall under the umbrella of civil engineering. It is a composite of many physical science and engineering disciplines having application in the coastal area. It requires the rational interweaving of knowledge from a number of technical disciplines to develop solutions for problems associated with natural and human induced changes in theEM 1110-2-1100 (Part I)1 Aug 08 (Change 2)coastal zone, the structural and non-structural mitigation of these changes, and the positive and negative impacts of possible solutions to problem areas on the coast. Coastal Engineers may utilize contributions from the fields of geology, meteorology, environmental sciences, hydrology, physics, mathematics, statistics, oceanography, marine science, hydraulics, structural dynamics, naval architecture, and others in developing an understanding of the problem and a possible solution. The Coastal Engineer must consider the processes present in the area of interest such as:•Environmental processes (chemical, ecological).•Hydrodynamics processes (winds, waves, water level fluctuations, and currents).•Seasonal meteorological trends (hurricane season, winter storms).•Sediment processes (sources, transport paths, sinks, and characteristics).•Geological processes (soil and strata characteristics, stable and migrating sub-aerial and sub-aqueous features, rebounding or subsiding surfaces).•Long-term environmental trends (sea level rise, climate change).•Social and political conditions (land use, development trends, regulatory laws, social trends, public safety, economics).Harbor works, navigation channel improvements, shore protection, flood damage reduction, and environmental preservation and restoration are the primary areas of endeavor.c.Coastal science. This field is a suite of interdisciplinary technologies applied to understanding processes, environments, and characteristics of the coastal zone. Coastal Engineers use these understandings to develop physical adaptations to solve problems and enhance the human interface with the coast.I-1-4. BibliographyTechnical and scientific literature cited in each chapter is listed in the chapter references.I-1-5. ReferencesThe following are official USACE engineer regulations (ER), engineer manuals (EM), engineer pamphlets (EP), and technical manuals (TM) found in the bibliographies following each chapter. They are highlighted here for easy USACE use.TM 5-850-1Engineering and Design of Military PortsER 1105-2-100Planning Guidance NotebookEP 1165-2-1Digest of Water Resources Policies and AuthoritiesEM 1110-2-1100 (Part I)1 Aug 08 (Change 2) EM 1110-1-1802Geophysical Exploration for Engineering and Environmental InvestigationsEM 1110-1-1804Geotechnical InvestigationsEM 1110-2-1204Environmental Engineering for Coastal Shore ProtectionEM 1110-2-1415Hydrologic Frequency AnalysisEM 1110-2-1613Hydraulic Design of Deep-Draft Navigation ProjectsEM 1110-2-1615Hydraulic Design of Small Boat HarborsEM 1110-2-1906Laboratory Soils TestingEM 1110-2-2301Test Quarries and Test FillsEM 1110-2-2302Construction with Large StoneEM 1110-2-5025Dredging & Dredged Material DisposalEM 1110-2-5026Beneficial Uses of Dredged MaterialEM 1110-8-1 (FR)Winter Navigation on Inland WaterwaysEM 1110-2-1100 (Part I)1 Aug 08 (Change 2)I-1-6. AcknowledgmentsAuthors of Chapter I-1:Joan Pope, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi. John H. Lockhart, Jr., Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC, (retired). Reviewer:Andrew Morang, Ph.D., CHL。

Gravity Dam Design(重力坝设计)

Gravity Dam Design(重力坝设计)

CECW-ED
Manual No. 1110-2-2200
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Washington, DC 20314-1000
EM 1110-2-2200
30 June 1995
Engineering and Design GRAVITY DAM DESIGN
. . . .
2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4
2-1 2-2 2-3 2-3 2-4
Chapter 5 Static and Dynamic Stress Analyses Stress Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dynamic Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dynamic Analysis Process . . . . . . . Interdisciplinary Coordination . . . . . Performance Criteria for Response to Site-Dependent Earthquakes . . . . . Geological and Seismological Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting the Controlling Earthquakes Characterizing Ground Motions . . . . Dynamic Methods of Stress Analysis Chapter 6 Temperature Control of Mass Concrete Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thermal Properties of Concrete . . Thermal Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temperature Control Methods . . .

国内外水利水电工程抗震标准初探

国内外水利水电工程抗震标准初探

国内外水利水电工程抗震标准初探黄向春;熊博【摘要】在国际水利水电工程领域,场地地震安全性是一个主要的工程地质问题,其对于建筑物抗震设计和投资估算影响较大,尤其是高坝大库.就国内外水利水电工程的抗震设计标准和地震参数选取进行初步对比、分析和讨论,认为世界各国抗震标准不完全一致,需在实际工作中予以注意;大型水利水电工程,大多数需进行地震危险性评估工作;各地地震烈度、地震危险性等级划分标准、抗震工作和管理等也不尽相同,水库大坝抗震工作需从实际出发.通过初步讨论,以期能够对同仁提供帮助.【期刊名称】《资源环境与工程》【年(卷),期】2014(028)004【总页数】6页(P573-578)【关键词】地震;超越概率;基准期;确定性分析法;概率分析法【作者】黄向春;熊博【作者单位】中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司,天津300222;水利部海委引滦工程管理局,河北唐山064309【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TV698.1+30 引言地震是一种自然灾害,强震多会造成较为严重损失。

因此,在水利水电工程勘察与设计工作中,大坝等建筑物的工程场地地震安全性向来受到重视,也同样为设计等方面关注;但在水利水电工程领域,国内外抗震设防标准、场地地震参数选取存在较为明显差别;随着全球经济的发展,国内众多公司和专业技术人员参与或涉及到国际水利水电工程的勘测设计领域。

分析、研究国内外水利水电工程抗震标准和地震参数选取具有较为现实的指导意义。

1 国内抗震标准据《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011—2010),中国建筑物抗震设防采用三水准设防,即常说的“小震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒”[1-2]。

据《水工建筑物抗震设计规范》(SL203—97)、《水工建筑物抗震设计规范》(DL5073—2000),采用一级(最大设计地震MDE)设防水准,其相应性能目标为如有局部破坏,经一般处理后仍可正常运行[3-5]。

在国内水利水电领域,对于高坝大库或位于强震地区建筑物,工程场地地震安全性分析和评价,规程规范有较为完整、全面的规定,如《水利水电工程地质勘察规范》GB50487—2008、《水利水电工程区域构造稳定性勘察技术规程》DL/T5335—2006等。

美国海岸工程手册Part_I-Chap_4

美国海岸工程手册Part_I-Chap_4

Chapter 4EM 1110-2-1100THE COASTAL ENGINEERING MANUAL(Part I)1 August 2008 (Change 2)Table of ContentsPage I-4-1. Background..............................................................I-4-1a. Shore Protection Planning and Design, TR 4...................................I-4-1b. Shore Protection Manual, SPM..............................................I-4-1c. Coastal Engineering Manual, CEM..........................................I-4-2 I-4-2. Structure................................................................I-4-2a. Part II.................................................................I-4-2b. Part III.................................................................I-4-2c. Part IV.................................................................I-4-2d. Part V..................................................................I-4-3e. Part VI.................................................................I-4-3f. Appendix A.............................................................I-4-3g. Updates................................................................I-4-3 I-4-3. References...............................................................I-4-3 I-4-4. Acknowledgments........................................................I-4-4EM 1110-2-1100 (Part I)1 Aug 08 (Change 2) Chapter I-4The Coastal Engineering ManualI-4-1. BackgroundDuring the 1970s, ‘80s, and ‘90s, coastal engineering practice by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and standard engineering for most coastal projects throughout the world have been based, wholly or in part, on the Shore Protection Manual (SPM). Since the SPM was last updated in 1984, the coastal engineering field has witnessed many technical advances and increased emphasis on computer modeling, environmental restoration, and project maintenance applications. The BEB produced the first standardized guidance on coastal structure design in 1954, Shore Protection Planning and Design, also known as TR-4. This was the forerunner of the SPM that was first published by CERC in 1973, and revised in 1975, 1977, and 1984. These documents present the methodology that guided coastal structure and beach fill design for most of the projects constructed to date. The USACE traditionally is responsible for constructing and maintaining United States Federally authorized coastal civil works projects including harbor entrance channels, navigation channels and structures, coastal storm damage reduction and shore protection projects. Therefore, the USACE is primarily responsible for developing the principles of coastal engineering as they are practiced in the United States.a.Shore Protection Planning and Design, TR 4. The methodologies of TR-4 emphasized designing coastal structures for stability against wave forces. The technology available at that time provided little means to address the functional performance of structures, nor provide any guidance for predicting the performance or stability of a beach fill. Beach and dune design was only qualitatively addressed. Simple linear wave theory, static terrestrial structural engineering principles, and trail-and-error experiential data were used to develop the empirical relationships and rules-of-thumb presented in TR-4. Beach fills of this era were not usually designed to perform a particular function, but were typically placed as an added feature to increase the sediment supply in the area of interest and to reduce wave energy striking the protective structures (the primary project feature).b.Shore Protection Manual, SPM. The SPM was a significant advancement over TR-4 in that it used the results of physical model tests to develop principles of wave-structure interaction, advancements in wave theory, and statistics and other data from various projects. The SPM provided significantly more guidance in the positioning and intent of groins and breakwaters, predicting the flood control benefits of seawalls, and predicting the stability of beach fills. At 1,160 pages, the first edition of the SPM was almost three times the length of the 20-year-older TR-4 (Camfield 1988). The SPM and beach fill projects of the 1970s and early ‘80s were designed around the objective of beach erosion control and recreational use. The quantity of material to be placed was computed based on the long-term recession rates, and the amount of surface area desired to support recreational needs. The SPM presented guidance to assist in predicting maintenance nourishment quantities based on the grain size of the placed fill and its projected stability relative to the native material grain size. Neither the SPM nor the projects constructed during this time concerned themselves with the performance of the beach fill template during a particular storm. At that time, beach fills were not usually designed with a primary purpose of providing flood control benefits.The SPM is commonly used as a university textbook and as a training aid for apprentice engineers. It is also a convenient reference for empirical procedures to compute a particular design parameter. Approximately 30,000 copies have been sold through the U.S. Government P rinting Office. Translations into other languages, including Chinese and Catalonnian (Spanish), further attest to the SPM’s role as an international standard guidance for professional coastal engineers (Pope 1993, 1998). Even though the SPM is a generalEM 1110-2-1100 (Part I)1 Aug 08 (Change 2)coastal engineering reference, some aspects of navigation and harbor design are not included and its primary focus is shore protection.c.Coastal Engineering Manual, CEM. The advent of numerical models, reliable field instrumentation techniques, and improved understandings of the physical relationships which influence coastal processes lead to more sophisticated approaches in shore protection design in the later 1980s and 90s. Numerous guidance and analytical tools have been developed over the last 15 years to assist the coastal engineer in predicting not only the stability of a beach fill, but also its performance during extreme events. Cross-shore and alongshore change models, hydrodynamic hind cast data bases, and stochastic statistical approaches have been developed to provide the practicing coastal engineer with procedures for quantifying the flood control benefits of a proposed design. The functional interaction of beach erosion control structures (i.e., groins and breakwaters) can be analyzed with numerical simulation. Seawalls can be designed not only for stability, but also physically modeled to predict various elements of the wave-structure interaction including scour and overtopping. A “modern” technical document incorporating all the tools and procedures used to plan, design, construct, and maintain coastal projects was needed. The USACE tasked the Coastal Engineering Research Center and, later, the Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory with producing a new reference incorporating established science and much of this new technology, to be called the Coastal Engineering Manual (CEM). Included in the CEM are the basic principles of coastal processes, methods for computing planning and design parameters, and guidance on how to develop and conduct studies in support of coastal storm damage reduction, shore protection, and navigation projects. Broader coverage of all aspects of coastal engineering are provided, including new sections on navigation and harbor design, dredging and dredged material placement, structure repair and rehabilitation, wetland and low energy shore protection, cohesive shores, risk analysis, numerical simulation, the engineering process, and other topics.I-4-2. StructureThe CEM contains two major subdivisions: science-based parts and engineering-based parts. The science-based parts include “P art II - Coastal Hydrodynamics,” “P art III – Coastal Sediment P rocesses,” and “Part IV – Coastal Geology.” These provide the scientific foundation on which the engineering-based parts rely.a.Part II. “Coastal Hydrodynamics” is organized to lead the reader from the fundamental principles of linear and other wave theories, including irregular waves and spectral analysis, to ocean wave generation and through the process of transformation as the wave approaches and reacts with the coastline. Analysis of water level variations including astronomical tides and storm surges are presented along with the hydrodynamics of coastal inlets and harbors are included in other chapters.b.Part III. “Coastal Sediment Processes” includes chapters on sediment properties, along shore and cross-shore transport, as well as chapters on wind transport, cohesive sediment processes and shelf transport.c.Part IV. “Coastal Geology” includes chapters on terminology, geomorphology, and morphodynamics.The two engineering-based parts, Part V – “Coastal Project Planning and Design” and Part VI – “Design of Coastal Project Elements” are oriented toward a project-type approach, rather than the individual structure design approach that characterized the SPM. The architecture and substance of the engineering-based parts is the result of an internationally-attended workshop in February 1994. A logical systems-based approach is used for the engineering structure of the CEM. This mirrors the engineering process with guidance inEM 1110-2-1100 (Part I)1 Aug 08 (Change 2) selecting and using various planning and design tools as appropriate for the project at hand. The engineering tools are presented in a modular grouping to allow for future updates as the technology continues to advance.d.Part V. “Coastal Project Planning and Design” starts with chapters discussing the planning and design process and site characterization. Following these general chapters are ones discussing the planning and design of shore protection projects (including coastal armoring, beach restoration, beach stabilization and coastal flood protection projects), beach fill, navigation projects (including defining the fleet, entrance channel, inner harbor elements, structures, sedimentation, maintenance, and management), and environmental enhancement projects (including laws, regulations, and authorities, issues, alternative approaches, planning, and design). A final chapter outlines conditions and regulations unique to USACE projects in the United States.e.Part VI. “Design of Coastal Project Elements” includes chapters discussing philosophy of coastal structure design, the various types and function of coastal structures, site conditions, materials, design fundamentals, reliability, and the design of specific project elements (including a sloping-front structure, vertical-front structure, beach fill, floating structure, pile structure, and a pipeline and outfall structure.f.Appendix A. The “Glossary of Coastal Terminology” has been compiled from numerous sources and lists terms found throughout the CEM. Note that there is no single, comprehensive list of mathematical terms and symbols. Each CEM chapter has its own symbol list.g.Updates. The CEM is intended to be a “living document” and to be updated periodically as advances in the field render the existing chapters obsolete or inadequate. Comments and suggestions should be addressed to the Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, CEERD-HN-CE. Corrected or modified chapters will be posted on the CHL web page.I-4-3. ReferencesCamfield 1988Camfield, F. E. 1988. “Technology Transfer – The Shore Protection Manual,” Journal of Coastal Research, 4(3), pp 335-338.Pope 1993Pope, J. 1993. “Replacing the SPM: The Coastal Engineering Manual.” The State of the Art of Beach Nourishment, Proceedings, 6th Annual National Conference on Beach Preservation Technology, Florida Shore and Beach Preservation Association, Tallahassee, FL, pp 319-334.Pope 1998Pope, J. 1998. “Replacing the SPM: The Coastal Engineering Manual.” PIANC Bulletin, No. 97, pp 43-46. USACE 1954USACE 1954. Shore Protection Planning and Design, Technical Report No. 4, Beach Erosion Board, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.Shore Protection Manual 1984Shore Protection Manual, 4th ed., 2 Vol., U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1,088 p.EM 1110-2-1100 (Part I)1 Aug 08 (Change 2)I-4-4. AcknowledgmentsAuthors of Chapter I-4, “The Coastal Engineering Manual:”Joan Pope, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi. John H. Lockhart, Jr., Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC, (retired). Reviewer:Andrew Morang, Ph.D., CHL。

表面微结构参数对轴承钢球展开轮磨损量的影响

表面微结构参数对轴承钢球展开轮磨损量的影响

表面微结构参数对轴承钢球展开轮磨损量的影响作者:潘承怡曹冠群童圆栖常佳豪来源:《哈尔滨理工大学学报》2021年第06期摘要:為研究轴承钢球展开轮表面微结构主要参数(面积、形状、深度)对干摩擦条件下展开轮磨损量的影响,采用正交试验法对不同参数的微结构表面进行试验,应用仿真软件进行应力分析,得到不同几何参数微结构的微观应力分布状态,结合试验与应力分析的结果对Archard磨损模型进行修正。

结果表明:减磨效果最好的是菱形微结构,单坑面积为3.14×10-2 mm2,深度为150 μm。

发现不同几何参数微结构的高应力区分布位置,推导出包含微结构主要参数变量的磨损量计算模型,可为微结构展开轮的设计及寿命预测提供理论依据。

关键词:表面微结构参数;轴承钢球展开轮;正交实验法;应力仿真;磨损模型DOI:10.15938/j.jhust.2021.06.006中图分类号: TH117.1文献标志码: A文章编号: 1007-2683(2021)06-0040-07Influence of Surface Microstructure Parameterson Wear of Bearing Steel Ball Unfolding WheelPAN Cheng-yi, CAO Guan-qun, TONG Yuan-qi, CHANG Jia-hao(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080,China)Abstract:In order to study the dry friction wear relationship between the bearing steel ball unfolding wheel with the surface microstructure parameters (area, shape and depth), the orthogonal test method was used to test the microstructure with different parameters. The simulation software was used to analyze the stress. The stress distribution of the microstructure with different parameters is obtained. The Archard wear model was modified by combining the results of tests and stress analysis. The results show that the microstructural parameters with the best wear reduction effect in the experimental range were the diamond microstructures with an area of 3.14×10-2 mm2 and a depth of 150 μm. The distribution locations of high stress zones in microstructures with different geometric parameters are found. The wear calculation model containing the parameters of the microstructure is derived. It can provide theoretical basis for the design and life prediction of the microstructure unfolding wheel.Keywords:surface microstructure parameter; bearing steel ball unfolding wheel; orthogonal test; stress analyze; wear model0 引言钢球作为轴承滚动体,对轴承的性能起着决定性作用[1]。

Engineer Manual

Engineer Manual

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Chapter 4 Analysis of Single Wells Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Circular Source . . . . . . . . . . . . Noncircular Source . . . . . . . . . Infinite Line Source . . . . . . . . . Finite Line Source . . . . . . . . . . Infinite Line Source and Infinite Line Sink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distribution Restriction Statement
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
EM 1110-2-1914 29 MaY 1992
US Army Corps of Engineers ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
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Scope of Hvdroloaic Enqineerinq Activities.
a. General. Hydrologic engineering is a part of civil engineering practice in which applications of professional knowledge of hydrologic and hydraulic principles are key elements The in water resources development and management decisions. scope includes the natural and management processes affecting the water cycle from initial precipitation on the land surface through ultimate return of water to the sea or inland sink. Technical methods of analysis include field measurement and observation, mathematical and statistical analyses, and models. Outputs of hydrologic engineering studies include: water availability as expressed by surface and subsurface yield; water surface elevations and water surface profiles; sediment processes; modeling of watershed catchment processes, flood hydrography development, and surface infiltration; probability analysis of frequency of flooding, risk of project failure, and reliability of supply; reservoir regulation requirements for water supply, power generation, and flood control; water quality effects of natural phenomena and project operations; and groundwater level changes due to recharge and withdrawal. The hydrologic engineer must also be knowledgeable of and able to communicate in related legal, social, economic, plan formulation, administration and management areas. (1) Hydrologic engineering is a key element in many programs of the Corps of Engineers. Hydrologic engineering studies are an integral part of planning, design, construction, operations, and maintenance of civil works projects and other special studies.
CECW-EH-Y Engineer Regulation 1110-2-1460
Department of the Army
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Washington, DC 20314-1000
ER 1110-2-1460 7 July 1989
Engineering and Design HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT
2. A~~licabilitv. This regulation applies to all HQUSACE/OCE elements, and field operating activities having civil works engineering and design responsibilities. 3. 4. References. References are listed in Appendix A.
ER 1110-2-1460
7 Engineering and Design HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT
JUIY

1989
1. PurDose. This regulation defines the scope, authorities, and management requirements for hydrologic engineering activities within the Corps of Engineers.
ER 1110-2-1460 7 Jul 89 (2) Hydrologic engineering studies are performed in the federal interest in the areas defined in EP 1165-2-1. Those include navigation, flood damage reduction, shore protection, stream bank erosion control, hydroelectric power, recreation, water supply and quality management, fish and wildlife, wetlands conservation, regulatory program, and special programs. (3) Activities of a programmatic nature managed by CECW-EH include water control, elements of the dam safety program, reservoir sedimentation, hydrometeorology studies, hydrologic data collection, hydrologic studies, and the cooperative stream gaging program. b. Hvdroloqic Enqineerinq Durina Planning. Hydrologic engineering studies develop fundamental technical flood and drought information for reconnaissance and feasibility phases of survey investigations and continuing authority programs, floodplain management, and special and national studies. c. Hvdroloqic Enqineerinq Durinq Desiqn. Hydrologic engineering studies develop technical material for preconstruction engineering and design studies, post authorization changes, and general and feature design memoranda. They also provide information for preparation of plans and specifications and handling of water during construction. d. Water Control Management. Hydrologic engineering studies provide the basis for real-time water control decisions, undertaking emergency management actions, preparation of water control manuals, monitoring reservoir sedimentation, and other water control studies. Hydrologic engineering studies are performed e. Requlatorv. in support of Section 404 permitting activities, Federal Energy Regulatory Agency license actions, water quality certification, and flood plain management actions. f. Other. Inter-agency committees and other federal, state, and local agency programs frequently request Corps hydrologic engineering studies. Negotiated agreements establish the basis for these studies. 5. Hvdroloqic Encfineerinq Studies. Studies use technical methods selected to achieve the objectives of the investigation. The studies are planned and managed to achieve the objectives in the most efficient and cost-effective manner.
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