高三英语过去完成时

高三英语过去完成时过去完成时一、概念过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。

----|--------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------->那时以前那时现在二、构成过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。

例如：The had alread had breafast befre the arrived at the htel他们宾馆之前就已经吃过饭了。

He didn’t g t bed until he had finished he r他直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。

三、用法1过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。

例如：hen I e up, it had stpped raining我醒时，雨已经停了。

（主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”）He had left hen I arrived 当我到达时他已经离开。

2过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。

例如：She tld e that she had ritten a ne nvel她告诉我她已经写好一本小说了。

(had ritten 发生在tld 之前)I fund the ath hih I had lst 我找到了我丢失的表。

3过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。

此时多与alread，et，still，ust，befre，never 等时间副词及b，befre，until 等引导的短语或从句连用。

例如：Befre she ae t hina, A had taught English in a iddle shl fr abut five ears艾米中国之前，在一所中学已经教了五年英语。

T had lleted re than 300 hinese staps b the tie he as seven汤姆在七岁时已经集了300多张中国邮票。

4过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。

例如：B the end f last ear, father had red in the fatr fr tent ears去年年底时，爸爸已经在工厂工作二十年了。

（had red 已有了20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能）B six ’l he had red eleven hurs 到6点钟时他就已经工作了11小时。

动词thin, ant, hpe, ean, plan, intend等用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。

例如：I had anted t help but uld nt get there in tie我本打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。

The had hped t be able t e and see u他们本希望能看看你。

6过去完成时还可用在hardl…hen…, n sner…than…, It as the first (send, et) tie (that)…等固定句型中。

例如：Hardl had he began t spea hen the audiene interrupted hi他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。

N sner had he arrived than he ent aa again他刚到就又走了。

It as the third tie that she had been ut f r that ear这是她那一年第三次失业了。

过去完成时的用法总结如下表：过去完成时构成助动词had+动词的过去分词基本用法1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。

可以用b,befre等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作表示，还可能通过上下表示2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和fr, sine构成的时间状语连用3）过去完成时常常用在宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前4）在包含有hen, until等连词的复合句中，如果主句谓语动词和从句谓语动词所表示的过去动作不是同时发生的，那么先发生的动作通常用过去完成时表示和其它时态的区别过去完成时/现在完成时现在完成时着眼于现在，强调过去发生的某动作对现在造成的影响和结果，或是由过去持续到现在的动作过去完成时则主要体现过去发生的动作先后有别，表达的是“过去的过去”过去完成时/一般过去时过去完成时强调某动作在过去某时间或另一动作之前已完成一般过去时仅表示动作或状态在过去某时间发生过，不强调与另一动作的比较注意事项1）动词thin, ant, hpe, ean, plan, intend等用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。

2) 过去完成时还可用在hardl…hen…, n sner…than…, It as the first (send, et) tie (that)…等固定句型中。

3）It/This as +序数词tie或最高级that 后面的从句用过去完成时。

4）用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条从句中现在完成时与过去完成时的区别现在完成时着眼于现在，强调过去发生的某动作对现在造成的影响和结果，或是由过去持续到现在的动作。

例如：I have leaned the lassr我打扫干净教室了。

（强调扫地所产生的结果：地干净了！）The have lived here fr tent ears他们住在这二十年了。

（“住”从过去持续到现在的动作用现在完成时）e have lived in Beiing sine e ae hina自我们中国就住在北京了。

（“住”是从过去持续到现在的动作用现在完成时）过去完成时则主要体现过去发生的两动作的先后有别，表达的是“过去的过去”，即比过去发生的某动作都还要“过去”，两动作中先发生的就用过去完成时，后发生的则只用一般过去时。

运用过去完成时的句子往往有两过去的时间或动作。

例如：r Sith had lived in Lndn fr ten ears befre he ae t hina史密斯先生在中国之前就已经在伦敦住过十年了。

(“”中国已成过去，而先前“住”在纽约就是过去的过去！）e had learned 2000 rds b the endf last ter在上期期末，我们就已经学了2000个单词。

（“上期期末”已过去，而在其前“学”的就更过去了！）过去完成时专项练习一、单项填空1 hen Li ing hurried he, he fund that his ther ____alread ____t hspitalA has; been sentB had; sent has; sent D had; been sent2 The students _______ several ne English sngs b the end f last terA had learnedB learned have learned D ill have learned3 Lu ei tld e she _____breafast, s she as ver hungr after having t lassesA has hadB hasn’t have have had D hadn’t had4 Hardl ______ t the bus stp hen the bus left, hih drve the razA did the getB the gt had the gt D has the gtShe _____her es in the ffie s she had t ait until her husband ____heA has left; esB had left; uld e had left; ae D left; had e6 r Bla said that it as at least ten ears sine he _____a gd drinA had enedB as ening have ened D have been ening7 I ______ t ath the first train but I gt up t late this rningA hpingB had hped has hped D uld hpe8 Dr Brn as ver disappinted that ne third f the guests _____ hen he _____ at the partA left; had arrivedB left; arrived had left; had arrived D had left; arrived9 T first et e 10 ears ag I______ in a radi fatr at that tieA had redB have red as ring D has been ring10 ---- hat ______ hen I phned u?---- I ______ r, and anted t g ut fr a alA have u dne; finishedB ere u ding; have finisheddid u d; had ust finished D ere u ding; had ust finished11 It is ver lear that u ere in a hurr u ______ ur seater inside utA had rnB re ere earing D are earing12 ---- e ______ that u uld fix the TV set this ee---- I’srr I ______ t fix it this ee, but I’ve been t busA had expeted; had intendedB are expeting; had intendedexpet; intend D expeted; intend13 ---Alie ae ba he the da befre esterda---Reall? here ______?A has she beenB had she been has she gne D had she gne14 r Green and I are failiar ith eah ther; e ______ t eah ther at an internatinal nfereneA are intrduedB are being intrduedere intrdued D had been intrdued1 --- Did he ntie u enter the r?--- I dn’t thin s He ______ t the radi ith his ees shutA listenedB as listening has listened D had listened16 T and a et again in the street that da Until then, the _____ eah ther fr nearl t earsA didn’t seeB hadn’t seen haven’t seen D haven’t been seen17 ---ane, d u still reeber the first tie e et?---f urse I d u ______ in the librarA ere readingB had read have read D read18 A lt f friends ant t bu that ind f lth beause the _____ the lth ______ ellA have tld; ashesB have been tld; ashesas tld; ashed D have been tld; is ashed19 The ung prfessr taled fr abut nearl t hurs esterda Never ______ hi tal s uhAI heard B did I hear I had heard D had I heard20 s ang ______ t the ffie than she gt dn t riting the reprtA has n sner gtB had hardl gt n sner gt D had n sner gt21 ditinar ______ I have led fr it everhere but still ______itA has lst; dn’t findB is issing; dn’t findhas lst; haven’t fund D is issing; haven’t fund22 --- Exuse e, sir uld u d e a favur?--- f urse hat is it?--- I ______ if u uld tae e t the statinA uld nderB did nder as ndering D had ndered23 ---Hi, Liu Ta I drpped in at ur huse at abut ten last night, but u eren’t in---h, I ______ regular exerise at the lubA didB as ding had dne D have been ding24 All the plieen’s attentin as suddenl aught b a sall dust bx hih____ plaed in the rner f the rA has beenB as being had been D uld be2 B the tie I gt he esterda, husband _______ ing the dinnerA had finishedB finished has finished D finishes26 friend ased e hether it as the first tie that I ______ siingA entB has gne had gne D uld g27 T everne’s surprise, r Sith’s sn spent uh re ne than he ______ n the urneA ill planB has planned uld plan D had planned28 If he ________ t the eeting esterda, I uld have et hiA had eB ae uld e D as ing29 I as late fr the intervie esterda I ________ the rad t be s rdedA uldn’t expetB haven’t expeted asn’t expeting D hadn’t expeted30 ---H lng had the htel _______ fire hen the fireen gt there?---Fr an hur r sA aughtB been aught been n D been athing二、用所给动词的正确形式填空1 B the tie e gt t the airprt, the plane _______ (tae) ff2 The hildren ________ (have) the b fr t ees befre the returned it t the librar3 He ______ (stud) English fr five ears befre he ae here4 hen I e up this rning, I fund that it ________ (stp) sningThe b _____ (nt ath) the vie beause he had athed it tie6 ate tld e that it as the send tie that she _______ (g) sating7 hen i _____ (e) t hina t ears ag, he fund peple didn’t understand hi at all thugh he ________(learn) se hinese in his n untr8 I sa Han ei esterda e _____ (nt see) eah ther sine e left Beiing9 If u _______ (r) harder, u uld have passed the exainatin10 N sner had e gt there than it ______ (begin) t rain三、句子改错1 hen she gt he last night, her three hildren ent t bed2 I didn’t g t see the fir beause I sa it befre3 The ind as still bling, but the rain has stpped4 B the end f last ter e learned abut 1,00 English rdsi gt seriusl ill He didn’t eaten anthing sine Tuesda四、中译英1 当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始十分钟了。