transformer Spec _sect-1__General
基于十字注意力机制改进U-Transformer_的新冠肺炎影像分割
第 22卷第 12期2023年 12月Vol.22 No.12Dec.2023软件导刊Software Guide基于十字注意力机制改进U-Transformer的新冠肺炎影像分割史爱武，高睿杨，黄晋，盛鐾，马淑然（武汉纺织大学计算机与人工智能学院，湖北武汉 430200）摘要：针对新冠肺炎CT片病灶部分分割检测困难、背景干扰多以及小病灶点易被忽略的问题，提出一种基于注意力机制改进U-Transformer的分割方法。
利用注意力机制提升分割精度，修改U-Transformer网络卷积层中间的注意力模块，并提出十字注意力机制，使网络对病灶边缘的分割更为精确。
在网络结构中添加全局—局部分割策略，使得对小病灶点的提取更加准确。
实验结果表明，改进方法较U-Transformer的精度提高了5.96%，召回率提高了7.11%，样本相似度提高了6.49%，说明改进方法对小病灶点提取具有较好效果。
拓展深度学习方法到医疗影像诊断中，有助于放射科医生更快捷、有效地进行病情诊断。
关键词：新冠肺炎；影像分割；U-Transformer；注意力机制；全局—局部策略DOI：10.11907/rjdk.222513开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：中图分类号：TP391.4 文献标识码：A文章编号：1672-7800（2023）012-0209-06COVID-19 Image Segmentation by U-Transformer Improved by Criss-cross Attention MechanismSHI Aiwu， GAO Ruiyang， HUANG Jing， SHENG Bei， MA Shuran（School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence，Wuhan Textile University，Wuhan 430200，China）Abstract：Aiming at the problems of difficult partial segmentation detection， many background interferences and easy neglect of small lesions in new coronary pneumonia CT films， a segmentation method based on attention mechanism to improve U-Transformer is proposed. The atten‐tion mechanism is used to increase the accuracy of segmentation， and the attention module in the middle of the convolutional layer of the U-Transformer network is modified， and the cross-attention mechanism is used to realize the network to segment the lesion edge more accurately. The whole-local segmentation strategy is added to the network structure to achieve more accurate extraction of small lesion points. The experi‐mental results show that the improved method improves the accuracy by 5.96%， the recall rate by 7.11%， and the sample similarity by 6.49% compared to the U-Transformer， indicating that the improved method has a good effect on extracting small lesion points. Expanding deep learn‐ing methods to medical imaging diagnosis can help radiologists diagnose conditions more quickly and effectively.Key Words：COVID-19； image segmentation； U-Transformer； attention mechanism； global-local segmentation strategy0 引 言新冠肺炎近年来已成为全球热点话题，对新冠肺炎患者肺部病灶的准确识别与诊断，有助于患者得到及时治疗［1］。
mdetr代码讲解
mdetr代码讲解全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：mdetr是一种目标检测模型，它是基于Mask R-CNN架构的改进版本，旨在提高目标检测的性能和效率。
在本文中，我们将详细介绍mdetr的代码和实现细节，帮助读者更好地理解和使用这一强大的检测模型。
我们来看一下mdetr的架构。
mdetr模型主要由三部分组成：Encoder、Decoder和Transformer。
Encoder负责对输入图像进行特征提取，通常采用预训练的卷积神经网络，例如ResNet。
Decoder 是一个由Transformer模块组成的序列模型，用于学习目标检测任务中的目标与位置之间的关系。
Transformer模块负责进行目标分类和位置预测。
下面我们将逐步解释mdetr的代码实现。
我们需要导入必要的库和模块：import torchimport torchvisionimport torch.nn.functional as Ffrom torch import nnfrom torch.optim import Adamfrom torchvision.models.detection.detr import DETR, Matcher, BipartiteMatcher, SetCriterion接下来，我们定义mdetr模型的主要结构：class MDETR(nn.Module):def __init__(self, num_classes, num_queries):super().__init__()self.num_classes = num_classesself.num_queries = num_queriesself.detr = DETR(num_classes=num_classes,num_queries=num_queries)self.matcher = Matcher(cost_class=1, cost_bbox=5, cost_giou=2)在这段代码中，我们定义了一个MDETR类，它继承自nn.Module类。
RTL8201数据手册
2. SYSTEM APPLICATIONS................................................................................................................1
3. FEATURES ..........................................................................................................................................2
5.1. LEAD (PB)-FREE PACKAGE AND VERSION IDENTIFICATION ...........................................................4
6. PIN DESCRIPTION............................................................................................................................5
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Track ID: JATR-1076-21 Rev. 1.3
RTL8201BL Datasheet
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ..........................................................1
Pin8: DVDD25-> PWFBIN
2. Add pull-high resistor for MDIO 3. Modify ResetB circuit to meet wake-on-LAN application Cosmetic layout changes
常见缩写字母
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水平(Horizontal)HR 時(Hour)ID 內徑(Inside Diameter)IL 仰拱面高程(Invert Level)MH 人孔(Manhole)大眾捷運系統(Mass Rapid Transportation) ML 銜接線(Match Line)MCT 中運量捷運系統(Middle CapacityTransportation)N 北向(North)NIC 契約外(Not In Contract)NIS 不按比例(Not In Scale)PCC 預鑄混凝土(Precast Concrete)PRC 預鑄鋼筋混凝土(Precast ReinforcementConcrete)PSC 預力混凝土(Prestressed Concrete)RC 鋼筋混凝土(Reinforced Concrete)RD 道路(Road)SECT 斷面(Section)SQ 方形/ 平方/ 正方(Square)STA 車站(Station)TEL 電話(Telephone)TYP 標準型式(Typical)UP 向上(Up)(B) 建築圖用縮寫字AFF 粉刷完成樓板面上（Above Finished Floor）CB 陰井(Catch Basin)CL 中心線(Center Line)C-C 中心到中心(Center to Center)COL 柱(Column)CONC 混凝土(Concrete)CMU 混凝土空心磚(Concrete Masonry Unit)CJ 控制縫(Control Joint)CP 控制點(Control Point)DIA 直徑(Diameter)DIM 尺寸(Dimension)DN 向下(Down)DRG 圖說(Drawings)EA 每個(Each)EL 高程(Elevation)電梯(Elevator)EQ 相等(Equivalent)EXP 伸縮(Expansion)EJ 伸縮縫(Expansion Joint)FFL 粉刷（裝修）樓板面高程(Finished Floor Level) FGL 粉刷（裝修）地面高程(Finished Ground Level) FHC 消防器(Fire Hydrant Cabinet)FLASH 蓋板、遮雨板(Flash)FL 樓板(Floor)FD 地板落水(Floor Drainage)GALV 鍍鋅(Galvanized)GA 軌距/ 量規(Gauge)GLA 玻璃(Glass)GL 地面高程/ 地基高程(Ground Level)GYP 石膏板(Gypsum)JT 接縫(Joint)KO 預留開口（孔）(Knock Out)圬工(Masonry)R 半徑(Radius)RD 路(Road)RD 屋頂落水(Roof Drainage)RI 放樣(Rough In)RM 房間(Room)SNV 衛生紙販賣機(Sanitary Napkin Vending) SNR 衛生紙收集箱(Sanitary Napkin Receipt) S 南向(South)SPKR 揚聲機(Speaker)SPEC 規範(Specification)SQ 廣場(Square)SS 不銹鋼(Stainless Steel)STR 樓梯(Stair)STA 車站(Station)SCR 車站控制室(Station Control Room)ST 鋼(Steel)STOR 儲藏(Storage)ST 街(Street)SUSP 懸吊式(Suspended)SYS 系統(System)TEL 電話(Telephone)TELENCL 電話箱(Telephone Control)TV 電視(Television)TERR 磨石子(Terrazzo)THK 厚(Thickness)TYP 標準型式(Typical)U/G 地下(Under Ground)UP 向上(Up)VENT 通風(Ventilation)VERT 垂直(Vertical)WC 大便器(Water Closet)WT 重量(Weight)W 西向/ 寬度或木料(West / Width / Wood)W/ 含…/ 及…(With)W/O 不含…(Without)WD 木料(Wood)WP 起動點(Working Point)(C) 土木水利圖用縮寫字G.W.L. 地下水位(Ground Water Level)H.H.W.L. 最高洪水位(Highest High Water Level) H.W.L. 高水位(High Water Level)HWY 公路(Highway)INV. 仰拱（溝、管）底(Invert)L.W.L. 低水位(Lower Water Level)M.S.L. 平均海平面(Mean Sea Level)M.W.L 平均水位(Mean Water Level)N.W.L 常水位(Normal Water Level)P.C. 預力混凝土(Prestressed Concrete) P.C.C. 無筋混凝土(Portland Cement Concrete) P.G. 縱坡(Profile Grade)P.V.C.P. 塑膠管(P.V.C Pipe)R.C. 鋼筋混凝土(Reinforced Concrete)R.C.P. 鋼筋混凝土管(Reinforced Concrete Pipe) R.O.W 路權(Right of Way)R.R 鐵路(Rail Road)S.E. 超高(Super Elevation)S.L. 海平面(Sea Level)S.R.C 鋼骨鋼筋混凝土(Steel Reinforced Concrete) S.S.P. 不銹鋼管(Stainless Steel Pipe)STA. 測站、樁號(Station)T/R 軌道頂(Top of Rail)W.L. 水位、水平面(Water Level)W.W.L. 警戒水位(Warning Water Level)(D) 結構圖用縮寫字ALT 交錯排列(Alternative)BOT 底（層）(Bottom)BT. 彎(Bent)CL. 淨（保護層）(Clearance)CT 柱箍筋(Column Tie-Bar)EW 各方面(Each Way)FF 遠側(Far Face)Fc’混凝土設計強度（28天圓柱試體抗壓強度）(Compressive Strength of Concrete)Fs 鋼材抗拉強度(Tensile Strength of Steel)Fy 鋼材降伏強度(Yield Strength of Steel)H.S.B. 高強度螺栓(High Strength Bolt)H.T.S. 高拉力鋼絞線(High Tensile Strand)H.T.W. 高拉力鋼線(High Tensile Wire)I.F. 內面(Inner Face)N.F. 近側(Near Face)O.F. 外側(Outside Face)SP. 螺旋筋(Spiral)STIR 箍筋(Stirrup)STR. 直通(Straight)T&B 頂層及底層(Top and Bottom)W/C 水灰比(Water Cement Ratio)W.W.F. 熔接鋼線網(Weld Wire Fence)(E) 電信系統命名（Telecom System Designation）：T 一般電話系統（Telephone System）U 自備電話系統（Private Telephone System）D 局線電話系統（Digit Telephone System）WT 沿線電話系統（Way Side Telephone System）IC 對講機系統（Intercom System）RA 無線電系統（Radio System）TIDS 列車資訊顯示系統（Train Information Display System）CK 時鐘系統（Clock System）PA 播音及隧道聲控系統（Public Addressing And Tunnel Acoustic Irradiation System）(F) 一般電機用縮寫字(Electrical)A 安培（Ampere，Amps）縮寫（Abbreviation）AC 交流電流（Alternating Current）ACB 空氣無熔絲開關（Air Circuit Breaker）ADJ 可調式（Adjustable）AFC 自動頻率控制（Automatic Frequency Control）Ah 安培小時（Ampere Hour）AL 鋁（Aluminum）AM 安培表/ 調幅（Ammeter / AmplitudeModulation）AMPL 增幅器（Amplifier）ANN 警報器（Announciator）ANT 天線（Antenna）APP. 近似（Approximate）AS 安培計切換開關（Ammeter Switch）ATS 自動切換開關（Automatic Transfer Switch）AUD 音頻（Audio）AUTO 自動（Automatic）AUTOTR 自動變壓器（Auto Transformer）輔助（Auxiliary）AVG 平均（Average）AF 框架容量（Frame Size）AT 跳脫容量（Trip Rating）BAT 電池（Battery）BATCHG 電池充電機（Battery Charger）BCD 二進碼十進制（Binary Coded Decimal）BET 之間（Between）BGM 背景音樂（Back Ground Music）BIL 基本絕緣水準（Basic Insulation Level）BLDG 建築物（Building）BOT 底（層）（Bottom）C 導線管（Conduit）CA 電纜（Cable）CAB 配電箱（Cabinet）CAM 攝影機/ 空調輔助電表（Camera, Cooling Auxiliary Meter）CAP 電容器/電容（Capacitor/Capacitance）CAT 種類（Category）CB 斷路器（Circuit Breaker）CCC 中央控制中心（Central Control Center）CCTV 閉路電視（Closed Circuit Television）CH 頻道（Channel）CKT 電路/迴路（Circuit）CLG 天花板（Ceiling）CLK 鐘（Clock）CMC 母鐘（Central Master Clock）cm 公分（Centimeter）CDF 綜合配線架（Combined Distribution Frame）COAX 同軸（Coaxial）COL 圓柱（Column）COMM 通訊（Communication）CONC 混凝土（Concrete）COND 導線（Conductor）CONN 接頭/ 連接（Connector / Connection）CONS 控制台（Control Station）CONSTR 施工（Construction）CONT 連續/ 繼續（Continue / Continuation）CPT 控制電源變壓器（Control Power Transformer）CPU 中央處理（Central Processor Unit）CR 控制電驛（Control Relay）CRT 陰極射線管（Cathode Ray Tube）CS 控制開關（Control Switch）CSRC 中央監控（Central Supervisory and RemoteControl）CMPTR 電腦（Computer）CT 比流器（Current Transformer）CTL 控制（Control）CTR 中心（Center）CU 銅（Copper）CTY 電纜架（Cable Tray）D/C 類位/類比轉換器（Digital To Analog Converter）DA 分散放大器（Distribution Amplifier）dB 分貝（Decibel）dBm 毫瓦分貝（A dB Referred To One Milliwatt）DC 直流（Direct Current）DD 數位類示（Digital Display）DDC 資料分配控制器（Data Distribution Controller）DDT 資料顯示終端機（Data Display Terminal）DEPT 部門（Department）DET 詳細圖（Detail）DF 需量因素（Demand Factor）DGP 資料收集處理機（Data Gathering Processor）DGT 電信總局（Directorate General ofTelecommunications）DIA 直徑（Diameter）DIG 圖（Diagram）DIFF 差別的（Differential）DIM 尺度（Dimension）DISC 分開/ 不接（Disconnect）DISTR 分布/ 分配（Distribution）DIV 參差因數（Diversity Factor）DM 需量表（Demand Meter）DN 向下（Down）DO 抽出（Draw Out）DP 雙極（Double Pole）DPDT 雙極雙投（Double Pole Double Throw）DPST 雙極單投（Double Pole Single Throw）DS 隔離開關（Disconnect Switch）DT 雙投（Double Throw）DTG 防塵（Dust Tight）DRG 圖（Drawing）E 緊急（Emergency）EA 每一（Each）EC 空導管（Empty Conduit）EL 高程（Elevation）ELEC 電機（Electric）ELV 電梯（Elevator）EM 能源管理（Energy Management）EMI 電磁干擾（Electromagnetic Interference）EMS 環境管理子系統（Environmental Management Subsystem）EMT 金屬電導管（Electrical Metallic Tubing）ENCL 箱體（Enclosure）ENTR 入口（Entrance）EPR 乙烯丙烯橡膠（Ethylene Propylene Rubber）EQ 等化器（Equalizer）EQPT 設備（Equipment）ESC 電扶梯（Escalator）ET 緊急電話/ 經過時間（Emergency Telephone / Elapse Time）EXP.JT 伸縮縫（Expansion Joint）EXT 外部（Exterior）EX 交換機/ 交換線路（Exchange / Exchange Line）F，FI 頻率（Frequency）FA 火災報警機（Fire Alarm）FT 多功能電話（Feature Telephone）FAS 火警系統（Fire Alarm System）FB 熔線座（Fuse Block）FBO 非本工程範圍（Furnished By Others）FDN 基礎（Foundation）FDR 饋線（Feeder）FF 粉刷完成面（Finished Floor）FL 層（Floor）FLD 場（Field）FLEX 軟性的（Flexible）FLS 火災及安全輔助系統（Fire And Life SafetySubsystem）FLUOR 螢光燈（Fluorescent）FM 頻率表/ 調頻（Frequency Meter / Frequency Modulation）FO 光學纖維（Fiber Optic）FS 防火（Fire Stop）FSK 移頻按鍵/ 頻移鍵（Frequency Shift Key）FU 熔線（Fuse）FURN 提供（Furnished）FUT 未來（Future）GA 標準/ 尺度（Gauge）GALV 鍍鋅（Galvanized）GB 接地匯流排（Ground Bus）GEN 發電機（Generator）G.F. 接地故障保護（Ground Fault Protection）GRS 無線電指引系統（Guide Radio System）G，GND 地面/ 接地/ 綠色（Ground / Green）時（Hour）HGT 高度（Height）HH 手孔（Hand Hole）HLT 熱線電話（Hot Line Telephone）HOA 手動斷開自動（Handoff Automatic）HORIZ 水平（Horizontal）HP 馬力（Horse Power）HR 手動復歸（Hand Reset）HTR 電熱器（Heater）HV 高壓（High Voltage）HVAC 暖氣，通風與空調（Heating Ventilating andAir-conditioning）HZ 赫（Hertz）I/T 瞬時跳脫（Instantaneous Trip）I/F 界面（Interface）I/O 輸入/輸出（Input / Output）IAC 連鎖鎧裝電纜（Inter Locked Armored Cable）界面箱（Interface Cabinet）ID 證實/ 正名（Identification）IDF 中間配線架（Intermediate Distribution Frame）IMP 阻抗（Impedance）INC 進入（Incoming）INST 瞬時的（Instantaneous）INSTR 儀器（Instrument）INT 內部（Interior）INTLK 連鎖（Inter Lock）INV 換流器（Inverter）IT 隔離變壓器（Isolating Transformer）ITR 反時電驛（Inverse Time Relay）JB 接線盒（Junction Box）JT 接頭/ 接合（Joint）KB 鍵盤（Keyboard）kg 公斤（Kilogram）公斤/公尺（Kilogram Per Meter）kHz 千赫（Kilohertz）km 公里（Kilometer）KD 敲孔（Knockout）KS 閘刀開關（Knife Switch）KV 仟伏特（Kilovolt）KVA 仟伏安（Kilovolt Ampere）KVAH 仟伏安時（Kilovolt Ampere Hour）KVAR 無效仟伏安（Kilovolt Ampere Reactive）KW 仟瓦（Kilowatt）KWH 仟瓦時（Kilowatt Hour）KWHD 仟瓦時附需量計（Kilowatt Hour W/Demand）L 長度（Length）LA 避雷器（Lightning Arrester）LCD 液晶顯示器（Liquid Crystal Display）LED 光二極體（Light Emitting Diode）微動開關（Limit Switch）LT 長延時（Long Time Delay）LTG 照明（Lighting）LTNG 雷電（Lightning）LUM 燈具（Luminary）LV 低壓（Low Voltage）LVL 水平（Level）LX 勒克斯（照度之公制單位）（Lux）M 馬達（Motor）m 公尺（Meter）MAINT 維護（Maintenance）mA 毫安（Milliampere）MAN 手動（Manual）MANOP 手動操作（Manual Operated）MAX 極大值（Maximum）mB 毫巴（Millibar）MC 鎧裝/ 主鐘（Metal Clad / Master Clock）馬達控制中心（Motor Control Center）MDF 主配線架（Main Distribution Frame）MED 中間（Medium）MECH 機械的（Mechanical）MESS 雜項設備監視子系統（Miscellaneous Equipment Supervisory Subsystem）MEZZ 夾層（Mezzanine）MFR 製造者（Manufacturer）MH 人孔（Manhole）MHZ 百萬赫（Megahertz）MIC 微音器（Microphone）MIN 極小值（Minimum）min 分（Minute）MISC 雜項（Miscellaneous）mm 毫米（Millimeter）MON 監視器（Monitor）MR 複比（Multi Ratio）MRS 維護無線電台（Maintenance Radio Station）平均海平面（Mean Sea Level）MTD 裝置（Mounted）MTG 裝置（Mounting）MTS 手動切換開關（Manual Transfer Switch）MUX 多工器（Multiplexed）mV 毫伏（Milli Volt）MV 中壓（Medium Voltage）MVA 百萬伏安（Mega Volt Ampere）NA 不適用（Not Applicable）NC 常關（Normally Closed）NEG 負的（Negative）NET 網路（Network）NEUT 中性的（Neutral）NIC 非契約範圍（Not In Contract）NMC 非金屬導線管（Non Metallic Conduit）NO 數/ 常開（Number / Normally Open）NOM 名義/ 公稱（Nominal）正常（Normal）NIS 未按比例（Not In Scale）OA 輸出放大（Output Amplifier）OC 過電流（Over Current）OD 外徑（Outside Diameter）OL 過載（Overload）OM 外部記號（Outer Marker）OTG 輸出/ 引出（Outgoing）OV 過電壓（Over Voltage）OCS 電車線系統（Overhead Contact System /Overhead Catenary System）PA 音播（Public Address）PABX 專用自動交換機（Private Automatic BranchExchange）PAC 前置處理機及通訊控制器（Preprocessor and Communication Controller）PB 按鈕/ 拉線箱（Push Button / Pull Box）按鈕站（Push Button Station）PCM 脈碼調變（Pulse Code Modulation）PF 功率因數（Power Factor）PLSC 電力與照明監控子系統（Power And Lighting Supervisory Control Subsystem）PM 脈衝調變（Pulse Modulation）PMC 電力維護電路（Power Maintenance Circuit）PNEU 氣壓式/ 氣動（Pneumatic）PNL 配電盤（Panel）POS 正值/ 位置（Positive / Position）POT 電位（Potential）PR 一對（Pair）PRI 第一次（Primary）PRL 平行（Parallel）PS 電源供給器（Power Supply）PSS 電力監控系統（Power Supervisory System）PT 比壓器（Potential Transformer）PTPA 月台電話及播音系統（Platform Telephone withPublic Address Service）PTZ 水平轉動/垂直轉動/放大縮小（Pan / Tilt /Zoom）PUBT 公用電話（Public Telephone）PVC 聚氯乙烯（Polyvinyl Chloride）PWR 電力（Power）PWMT 電力維修電話（Power Maintenance Telephone）R 電驛/ 半徑/ 反轉（Relay / Radius / Reversing）R1，R2 受訊機附編號（Receiver Number of）RAD 無線電（Radio）RC 隱藏式（Recessed）RCT 遠端電腦終端機（Remote Computer Terminal）RCTL 遙控（Remote Control）RECT 整流器（Rectifier）RECV 接收（Receive）REF 參考（Reference）REG 調整器（Regulator）REM 遠方（Remote）RSD 捲門（Roller Shutter Door）REQD 要求（Required）RES 電阻器（Resistor）REV 校正（Revision）RF 無線電頻率（Radio Frequency）RM 室（Room）RMC 鐵路維護電路（Rail Way Maintenance Circuit）RMT 遠端多工終端機（Remote Multiplex Terminal）ROC 鐵路行車電路（Railway Operation Circuit）rpm 每分轉數（Revolutions Per Minute）RSC 鋼導線管（Rigid Steel Conduit）RT 防雨（Rain Tight）RTD 熱阻溫度偵測器（Resistance TemperatureDetector）RX 接收器/ 接收（Receiver / Receive）RECPT 插座（Receptacle）RV 降壓起動器（Reduced Voltage Starter）S 秒（Second）SB 備用（Standby）SCC 短路容量（Short Circuit Capacity）SECT 斷面/ 尺規（Section / Sector）SEQ 序列（Sequence）SF 葉片（Split Flap）SFB 葉片板（Split Flap Board）SFC 葉片控制器（Split Flap Controller）SH 分路（Shunt）SHLD 遮蔽（Shield）SLD 密封設施（Sealing Device）SIM 近似（Similar）SM 掛裝（Surface Mounted）S/N 訊號雜音比（Signal To Noise Ratio）SOL 螺管（Solenoid）SP 備用品（Spare）SPEC 規格/ 規範（Specification）揚聲器（Speaker）SPDT 單極雙投（Single Pole Double Throw）SPST 單極單投（Single Pole Single Throw）SPM 同步及並聯模組（Synchronizing and Paralleling Module）SS 同步開關（Synchronizing Switch）ST 短延時（Short Time Delay）STA 站（Station）STD 標準（Standard）SUB 分站/ 變電站（Substation）SUPV 監督（Supervisory）SW 開關（Switch）SWR 開關器（Switcher）SWBO 開關箱（Switch Board）SWGR 開關設備（Switch Gear）SYM 圖例（Symbol）SYMM 對稱（Symmetrical）SYNC 同步化（Synchronize）系統（System）T1，T2 發射器（編號）（Transmitter Number of）TB 端子板（Terminal Board）TBX 端子箱（Terminal Box）TC 跳脫線圈（Trip Coil）TX 傳送器/ 發射機（Transmitter）TYP 代表同樣（Typical）TWR 塔（Tower）TIDS 列車資訊顯示系統（Train Information Display System）TDM 分時多工（Time Division Multiplex）TCV 溫度控制閥（Temperature Control Valve）TD 行車調度（Train Dispatching）TDC 延時閉路（Time Delay Closing）TDO 延時開路（Time Delay Opening）TDR 延時電驛（Time Delay Relay）TEL，T 電話（Telephone）TELECOM 電信（Telecommunications）TEMP 溫度（Temperature）TERM 端子（Terminal）THH 電信手孔（Telecommunications Hand-Hole）THRU 管槽（Through）TM 電視監視機（Television Monitor）TMH 電信人孔（Telecommunications Manhole）TOC 混凝土頂部（Top of Concrete）TPC 台灣電力公司（Taiwan Power Company）TPST 三極單投（Triple Pole Single Throw）TRT 列車無線電話系統（Train Radio Telephone System）TV 電視（Television）UCP 單元控制盤（Unit Control Panel）UF 地板下（Under Floor）UG 地下（Under Ground）UHF 超高頻（Ultra High Frequency）除另有註明者外（Unless Otherwise Noted）UPS 不斷電系統（Uninterruptible Power Supply）UV 欠電壓（Under Voltage）uV 微伏（Micro Volt）V 伏特（Volt）VA 伏安（Volt Ampere）VAC 交流電壓（Volt Alternating Current）VCSS 語音通訊交換系統（Voice CommunicationsSwitching System）VDA 視訊分配放大器（Video Distribution Amplifier）VDC 直流電壓/ 視訊顯示控制（Volts Direct Current / Video Display Control）VDT 視訊顯示終端機（Video Display Terminal）VENT 通風（Ventilation）VERT 垂直（Vertical）VF 音頻（Voice Frequency）VHF 超高頻（Very High Frequency）視訊（Video）VM 電壓表（Voltmeter）VS 電壓切換（Voltmeter Switch）VSC 可變速控制器（Variable Speed Controller）VSWR 電壓駐波比（Voltage Standing Wave Ratio）VT 防煙汽（Vaportight）VTR 錄影機（Video Tape Recorder）W/ 含…/及…（With）W 瓦特/ 線（Watt / Wire）W/O 不含…（Without）WP 不受氣候影響（Weatherproof）WT 防水（Watertight）XLP 交連聚氯乙烯（Cross Linked Polyethylene）XMIT 發送（Transmit）XFMR 變壓器（Transformer）XMTR 發射器（Transmitter）(G) 一般機械用縮寫字（Mechanical）：AC 冷氣機(Air Conditioner)ACH 氣冷式冰水主機(Air Cooled Chiller Unit) ACID 排酸管(Acid Waste Pipe)ACP 空氣壓縮機(Air Compressor)AD 維修門(Access Door)AF 翼截式(Air Foil)AFO 自動泡沫管(Auto Foam)AFS 氣流開關(Air Flow Switch)AHU 空調箱(Air Handling Unit)ALK 排 管(Alkaline Waste)ASK 自動撒水管(Auto Sprinkler Pipe)ASY 自動水霧管(Auto Spray Pipe)AST 儲氣槽(Air Storage Tank)AV 釋(排)氣閥(Air Vent)B & S 承插式(Bell & Spigot)BA 緊急呼吸管(Breathing Air Pipe)BDD 逆止風門(Back Draft Damper)BI 後傾式(Backward Inclined)BOD 風管底部(Bottom Of Duct)BOP 管路底部(Bottom Of Pipe)BP 加壓泵(Booster Pump)BTM 底部(Bottom)BTU 熱量計(BTU Meter)BV 蝶閥(Butterfly Valve)BV 球塞閥(Ball Valve)BWR 滷水回水管(Brine Return Pipe)BWS 滷水送水管(Brine Supply Pipe)CA 壓縮空氣管(Compressed Air Pipe)CAU 電腦室空調箱(Computer Room Air Handling Unit) CD 天花板擴散型出風口(Ceiling Diffuser)SD/T 水槽落水頭附存水彎(Sink Drain/Trap)CDA 乾燥壓縮空氣管(Clean Dry Air Pipe)CDWR 冷卻純水回水管(Cooling DI Water Return Pipe)CDWS 冷卻純水送水管(Cooling DI Water Supply Pipe)CF 吸頂型風機(Ceiling Mounted Type Fan)CHE 化學管(Chemical Pipe)CHP 冰水泵(Chilled Water Pump)CHR 冰水回水管(Chilled Water Return Pipe)CHS 冰水送水管(Chilled Water Supply Pipe)CHT 化學加藥設備(Chemical Treatment)CHU 冰水機(Chiller Unit)CIP 鑄鐵管(Cast Iron Pipe)CMH or m3/h 立方公尺/每小時(Cubic Meter Per Hour)CO 清潔口(Cleanout)COP 銅管(Copper Pipe)CPK 電腦室箱型冷氣機(Computer Room Package Air Conditioner)CTR 冷卻水塔(Cooling Tower)CV 逆止閥(Check Valve)CW 冷水管(Cold Water Pipe)CWP 冷卻水泵(Condenser Water Pipe)CWR 冷卻水回水管(Condenser Water Return Pipe) CWS 冷卻水送水管(Condenser Water Supply Pipe)DB 乾球(Dry Bulb)DF 漏斗式排放口(Drain Funnel)DF 飲水機(Drinking Fountain)DI 純水管(De-Ionized Water Pipe)DIR 純水回水管(Di Reclaim Water Pipe)DL 門百葉(Door Louver)DN 降(下)(Down)DP 排水泵(Drainage Pump)DS 乾式立管(Dry Type Standpipe)DW 自來水(Domestic Water)DWG 圖(Drawing)EA 排風(Exhaust Air)EA 個,只(計量單位)(Each)EAF 排風機(Exhaust Air Fan)EAG 格柵式排氣口(Exhaust Air Grille)EAR 格柵式排氣口附風門(Exhaust Air Register) EAT 進風溫度(Entering Air Temperature)EB 電能開水機(Electric Boiler)EFF. 效率(Efficiency)EHE 電能加熱器(Electric Heater)EHU 電能加濕器(Electric Humidifier)ESEW 緊急沖身洗眼器(Emergency Shower &Eyewash)ET 膨脹水箱(Expansion Tank)EWH 電能熱水器(Electric Water Heater)EWT 進水溫度(Entering Water Temperature)ETD 電熱鏈式防火風門(Electro - Thermal Line Fire Damper)F 消防管(Firer Hydrant Pipe)FA 火警(Fire Alarm)FAC 水龍頭(Faucet)FACP 火警控制盤(Fire Alarm Control Panel) FAF 送風機(Fresh Air Fan)FAO 新鮮空氣開口(Fresh Air Opening)FC 前傾式(Forward Curved)FCC 隱蔽式冷風機(Fan Coil Unit - Concealed)) FCE 露明式冷風機(Fan Coil Unit - Exposed) FCO 地板上清潔口(Floor Cleanout)FD 防火風門(Fire Damper)FD/T 地板落水頭附存水彎(Floor Drain / Trap) FFL 樓板高度(Finish Floor Level)FH 消防栓(Fire Hydrant)FHC 消防栓箱(Fire Hydrant Cabinet)FHSC 消防水帶箱(Fire Hose Storage Cabinet) FJ 減震接頭(Flexible Joint)FM 消防幹管(Fire Main)FP 消防泵(Fire Pump)FPS 消防系統(Fire Protection System)FPW 消防用水(Fire Protection Water)FS 水流開關(Flow Switch)FU 設備單位(Fixture Unit)GAV 閘閥(Gate Valve)GLV 球型閥(Globe Valve)H/S 蜂鳴器/頻閃燈光(Horn / Strobe)HA 防護區(Hazard)HD 烘手機(Hand Dryer)HF (S) 排強氫氟酸管(HF (Strong) Waste Pipe) HF (W) 排弱氫氟酸管(HF (Weak) Waste Pipe) HMU 加濕器補給水(Humidifier make Up pipe) HV 高真空管(High Vacuum Pipe)HW 熱水(Hot Water)HWP 熱水泵(Hot Water Pipe)HWR 熱水回水管(Hot Water Return Pipe) HWS 熱水送水管(Hot Water Supply Pipe)IW 工業用供水管(Industrial Water Supply Pipe)JND 噴流型出風口(Jet Nozzle Diffuser)JIF 誘導式風機(Jet Induced Fan)JP 增壓泵(Jacket Pump)KS 廚房洗槽(Kitchen Sink)ｋPａ壓力單位(Kilopascal(s))ｋＷ仟瓦(Kilowatt(s))L 公升(Liter)LAT 離風溫度(Leaving Air Temperature)LAV 洗臉盆(Lavatory)LBG 線型格柵式出風口(Linear Bar Grille - Supply Air) LDR 線型回風口(Linear Diffuser, Return)LDS 線型出風口(Linear Diffuser, Supply)LFAP 火警受信總機(Local Fire Alarm panel)LPM or L/M 公升/分(Liter Per Minute)LS 液位感測器(控制器)(Level Switch Controller) LV 低真空管(Low Vacuum Pipe)LV 百葉(Louver)LWT 出水溫度(Leaving Water Temperature)MCD 電動控制風門(Motorized Control Damper) MFSD 電動防火排(防)煙風門(Motorized Fire & Smoke Damper)MOD 電動風門(Motorized Operated Damper)MPS OR m/s 公尺/秒(Meter Per Second)MRS 手動啟動開關(Manual Release Station)MSD 電動排煙風門(Motorized Smoke Damper)MU 補給水管(Make Up Water Pipe)NC 常閉(Normally Closed)NIC 不屬本工程(Not In Contract)NO 常開(Normally Open)NTS 未按比例(Not To Scale)OA 外空氣(Outside Air)OBD 對開式風門(Opposed Blade Damper)OS & Y 軛與外螺牙(Outside Screw & Yoke)PAU 預冷空調箱(Pre-Cooling Air Handling Unit)PAC 箱型冷氣機(Packaged Air Conditioner)PCC 箱型空調箱(Package Air Handling Unit)PCD 氣動控制風門(Pneumatic Control Damper)PCHP 一次冰水泵(Primary Chilled Water Pump)PCV 氣動控制閥(Pneumatic Control Valve)PD 壓降(Pressure Drop)PFSD 氣動防火排(防)煙風門(Pneumatic Fire & Smoke Damper)PFE 手提式滅火器(Portable Fire Extinguisher)PG 壓力表(Pressure Gauge)PH 語音裝置(Phonetic Device)POD 氣動風門(Pneumatic Operated Damper) PPM 百萬分之一(Parts Per Million)PS 壓力感測器(Pressure Sensor)PSD 氣動排煙風門(Pneumatic Smoke Damper) PT 壓力水槽(Pressure Tank)PW 壓力開關(Pressure Switch)RA 回風(Return Air)RAF 回風機(Return Air Fan)RAG 格柵式回風口(Return Air Grille)RAO 回風開口(Return Air Opening)RAP 回風花板(Return Air Perforated Plate) RAR 格柵式回風口附風門(Return Air Register) RD 屋頂落水頭(Roof Drain)RD 冷媒式乾燥機(Refrigeration Dryer)RF 屋頂通風扇(Roof Fan)RH 相對濕度(Relative Humidity)RL 冷煤液體管(Refrigerant Liquid Pipe)RP 冷煤泵(Refrigerant Pump)RPM 轉速(Revolution Per Minute)RS 冷煤吸入管(Refrigerant Suction pipe)RT 冷凍噸(Tons Of refrigeration)RWP 回水管(Return Water Pipe)Sp 蒸汽管(Steam Pipe)SAF 送風機(Supply Air Fan)SAG 格柵式送風口(Supply Air Grille)SAO 送風開口(Supply Air Opening)SAR 格柵式送風口附風門(Supply Air Register) SAT 消音箱(Sound Attenuator)SCHP 二次冰水泵(Secondary Chilled Water Pipe) SD 肥皂架(Soap Dispenser)SD 排煙風門(Smoke Damper)SEF 排煙風機(Smoke Extraction Fan)SG 製程氣體管(Special Gas)SH 蒸汽加濕器(Steam Humidifier)SHR 蓮蓬頭(Shower)SP 蹲式馬桶(Squatting pan)SP 靜壓(Static Pressure)SPF 樓梯加壓風機(Stair Pressurization Fan) SS 托布盆(Service Sink)SS 蒸汽供汽管(Steam Supply Pipe)SSP 雜質分離泵(Solid Separator pump) SW 排糞管(Soil Water pipe)SWP 污物泵(Sewage Pump)SWR 軟水回水管(Soft Water Return Pipe) SWS 軟水送水管(Soft Water Supply Pipe)TC 溫度控制器(Temperature Controller) THS 溫度開關(Thermostat)TOD 風管頂部Top Of Duct)TOP 管路頂部(Top Of Pipe)TP 全壓(Total Pressure)TS 溫度感測器(Temperature Sensor)。
热工术语英文缩写
电缆英语词汇全共174页
REM 远方（Remote）RSD cr门（Roller Shutter Door）REQD 要求（Required）RES 电阻器（Resistor）REV 校正（Revision）RF 无线电频率（Radio Frequency）RM 室（Room）RMC 铁路维护电路（Rail Way Maintenance Circuit）RMT 远端多工终端机（Remote Multiplex Terminal）ROC 铁路行车电路（Railway Operation Circuit）rpm 每分转数（Revolutions Per Minute）RSC 钢导线管（Rigid Steel Conduit）RT 防雨（Rain Tight）RTD 热阻温度侦测器（Resistance Temperature Detector）RX 接收器/ 接收（Receiver / Receive）RECPT 插座（Receptacle）RV 降压起动器（Reduced V oltage Starter）S 秒（Second）SB 备用（Standby）SCC 短路容量（Short Circuit Capacity）SECT 断面/ 尺规（Section / Sector）SEQ 序列（Sequence）SF 叶片（Split Flap）SFB 叶片板（Split Flap Board）SFC 叶片控制器（Split Flap Controller）SH 分路（Shunt）SHLD 遮蔽（Shield）SLD 密封设施（Sealing Device）SIM 近似（Similar）SM c装（Surface Mounted）S/N 讯号杂音比（Signal To Noise Ratio）SOL 螺管（Solenoid）SP 备用品（Spare）SPEC 规格/ 规范（Specification）SPKR 扬声器（Speaker）SPDT 单极双投（Single Pole Double Throw）SPST 单极单投（Single Pole Single Throw）SPM 同步及并联模组（Synchronizing and Paralleling Module）SS 同步开关（Synchronizing Switch）ST 短延时（Short Time Delay）STA 站（Station）STD 标n（Standard）SUB 分站/ 变电站（Substation）SUPV 监督（Supervisory）SW 开关（Switch）SWR 开关器（Switcher）SWBO 开关箱（Switch Board）SWGR 开关设备（Switch Gear）SYM 图例（Symbol）SYMM 对称（Symmetrical）SYNC 同步化（Synchronize）SYS 系统（System）T1，T2 发射器（编号）（Transmitter Number of）TB 端子板（Terminal Board）TBX 端子箱（Terminal Box）TC 跳脱线圈（Trip Coil）TX 传送器/ 发射机（Transmitter）TYP 代表同样（Typical）TWR 塔（Tower）TIDS 列车资讯显示系统（Train Information Display System）TDM 分时多工（Time Division Multiplex）TCV 温度控制阀（Temperature Control Valve）TD 行车调度（Train Dispatching）TDC 延时闭路（Time Delay Closing）TDO 延时开路（Time Delay Opening）TDR 延时电[（Time Delay Relay）TEL，T 电话（Telephone）TELECOM 电信（Telecommunications）TEMP 温度（Temperature）TERM 端子（Terminal）THH 电信手孔（Telecommunications Hand-Hole）THRU 管槽（Through）TM 电视监视机（Television Monitor）TMH 电信人孔（Telecommunications Manhole）TOC 混凝土顶部（Top of Concrete）TPC 台湾电力公司（Taiwan Power Company）TPST 三极单投（Triple Pole Single Throw）TRT 列车无线电话系统（Train Radio Telephone System）TV 电视（Television）UCP 单元控制盘（Unit Control Panel）UF 地板下（Under Floor）UG 地下（Under Ground）UHF 超高频（Ultra High Frequency）UON 除另有?明者外（Unless Otherwise Noted）UPS 不断电系统（Uninterruptible Power Supply）UV 欠电压（Under V oltage）uV 微伏（Micro V olt）V 伏特（Volt）V A 伏安（V olt Ampere）V AC 交流电压（V olt Alternating Current）VCSS 语音通讯交换系统（V oice Communications Switching System）VDA 视讯分配放大器（Video Distribution Amplifier）VDC 直流电压/ 视讯显示控制（V olts Direct Current / Video Display Control）VDT 视讯显示终端机（Video Display Terminal）VENT 通风（Ventilation）VERT 垂直（Vertical）VF 音频（Voice Frequency）VHF 超高频（Very High Frequency）VID 视讯（Video）VM 电压表（V oltmeter）VS 电压切换（Voltmeter Switch）VSC 可变速控制器（Variable Speed Controller）VSWR 电压驻波比（V oltage Standing Wave Ratio）VT 防烟汽（Vaportight）VTR 录影机（Video Tape Recorder）W/ 含…/及…（With）W 瓦特/ 线（Watt / Wire）W/O 不含…（Without）WP 不受气候影响（Weatherproof）WT 防水（Watertight）XLP 交连聚氯乙烯（Cross Linked Polyethylene）XMIT 发送（Transmit）XFMR 变压器（Transformer）XMTR 发射器（Transmitter）H 时（Hour）HGT 高度（Height）HH 手孔（Hand Hole）HLT 热线电话（Hot Line Telephone）HOA 手动断开自动（Handoff Automatic）HORIZ 水平（Horizontal）HP 马力（Horse Power）HR 手动_┕椋Hand Reset）HTR 电热器（Heater）HV 高压（High V oltage）HV AC 暖气，通风与空调（Heating Ventilating and Air-conditioning）HZ 赫（Hertz）I/T 瞬时跳脱（Instantaneous Trip）I/F 界面（Interface）I/O 输入/输出（Input / Output）IAC 连锁ё暗缋拢Inter Locked Armored Cable）IC 界面箱（Interface Cabinet）ID 证实/ 正名（Identification）IDF 中间配线架（Intermediate Distribution Frame）IMP 阻抗（Impedance）INC 进入（Incoming）INST 瞬时的（Instantaneous）INSTR 仪器（Instrument）INT 内部（Interior）INTLK 连锁（Inter Lock）INV 换流器（Inverter）IT 隔离变压器（Isolating Transformer）ITR 反时电[（Inverse Time Relay）JB 接线盒（Junction Box）JT 接头/ 接合（Joint）KB 键盘（Keyboard）kg 公斤（Kilogram）kg/m 公斤/公尺（Kilogram Per Meter）kHz 千赫（Kilohertz）km 公里（Kilometer）KD 敲孔（Knockout）KS 闸刀开关（Knife Switch）KV 仟伏特（Kilovolt）KV A 仟伏安（Kilovolt Ampere）KV AH 仟伏安时（Kilovolt Ampere Hour）KV AR 无效仟伏安（Kilovolt Ampere Reactive）KW 仟瓦（Kilowatt）KWH 仟瓦时（Kilowatt Hour）KWHD 仟瓦时附需量计（Kilowatt Hour W/Demand）L 长度（Length）LA 避雷器（Lightning Arrester）LCD 液晶显示器（Liquid Crystal Display）LED 光二极体（Light Emitting Diode）LS 微动开关（Limit Switch）LT 长延时（Long Time Delay）LTG 照明（Lighting）LTNG 雷电（Lightning）LUM 灯具（Luminary）LV 低压（Low Voltage）LVL 水平（Level）LX 勒克斯（照度之公制单位）（Lux）M 马达（Motor）m 公尺（Meter）MAINT 维护（Maintenance）mA 毫安（Milliampere）MAN 手动（Manual）MANOP 手动操作（Manual Operated）MAX 极大值（Maximum）mB 毫巴（Millibar）MC ё / 主?（Metal Clad / Master Clock）MCC 马达控制中心（Motor Control Center）MDF 主配线架（Main Distribution Frame）MED 中间（Medium）MECH 机械的（Mechanical）MESS 杂项设备监视子系统（Miscellaneous Equipment Supervisory Subsystem）MEZZ 夹层（Mezzanine）MFR 造者（Manufacturer）MH 人孔（Manhole）MHZ 百万赫（Megahertz）MIC 微音器（Microphone）MIN 极小值（Minimum）min 分（Minute）MISC 杂项（Miscellaneous）mm 毫米（Millimeter）MON 监视器（Monitor）MR 复比（Multi Ratio）MRS 维护无线电台（Maintenance Radio Station）MSL 平均海平面（Mean Sea Level）MTD 装置（Mounted）MTG 装置（Mounting）MTS 手动切换开关（Manual Transfer Switch）MUX 多工器（Multiplexed）mV 毫伏（Milli V olt）MV 中压（Medium Voltage）MV A 百万伏安（Mega V olt Ampere）NA 不适用（Not Applicable）NC 常关（Normally Closed）NEG 负的（Negative）NET 网路（Network）NEUT 中性的（Neutral）NIC 非契约范围（Not In Contract）NMC 非金属导线管（Non Metallic Conduit）NO 数/ 常开（Number / Normally Open）NOM 名义/ 公称（Nominal）NORM 正常（Normal）NIS 未按比例（Not In Scale）OA 输出放大（Output Amplifier）OC 过电流（Over Current）OD 外径（Outside Diameter）OL 过载（Overload）OM 外部记号（Outer Marker）OTG 输出/ 引出（Outgoing）OV 过电压（Over V oltage）OCS 电车线系统（Overhead Contact System / Overhead Catenary System）PA 音播（Public Address）PABX 专用自动交换机（Private Automatic Branch Exchange）PAC 前置处理机及通讯控制器（Preprocessor and Communication Controller）PB 按钮/ 拉线箱（Push Button / Pull Box）PBSTA 按钮站（Push Button Station）PCM 脉码调变（Pulse Code Modulation）PF 功率因数（Power Factor）PLSC 电力与照明监控子系统（Power And Lighting Supervisory Control Subsystem）PM 脉冲调变（Pulse Modulation）PMC 电力维护电路（Power Maintenance Circuit）PNEU 气压式/ 气动（Pneumatic）PNL 配电盘（Panel）POS 正值/ 位置（Positive / Position）POT 电位（Potential）PR 一对（Pair）PRI 第一次（Primary）PRL 平行（Parallel）PS 电源供给器（Power Supply）PSS 电力监控系统（Power Supervisory System）PT 比压器（Potential Transformer）PTPA 月台电话及播音系统（Platform Telephone with Public Address Service）PTZ 水平转动/垂直转动/放大缩小（Pan / Tilt / Zoom）PUBT 公用电话（Public Telephone）PVC 聚氯乙烯（Polyvinyl Chloride）PWR 电力（Power）PWMT 电力维修电话（Power Maintenance Telephone）R 电[ / 半径/ 反转（Relay / Radius / Reversing）R1，R2 受讯机附编号（Receiver Number of）RAD 无线电（Radio）RC 隐藏式（Recessed）RCT 远端电脑终端机（Remote Computer Terminal）RCTL 遥控（Remote Control）RECT 整流器（Rectifier）RECV 接收（Receive）REF 参考（Reference）REG 调整器（Regulator）A 安培（Ampere，Amps）ABBR 缩写（Abbreviation）AC 交流电流（Alternating Current）ACB 空气无熔丝开关（Air Circuit Breaker）ADJ 可调式（Adjustable）AFC 自动频率控制（Automatic Frequency Control）Ah 安培小时（Ampere Hour）AL 铝（Aluminum）AM 安培表/ 调幅（Ammeter / Amplitude Modulation）AMPL 增幅器（Amplifier）ANN 警报器（Announciator）ANT 天线（Antenna）APP. 近似（Approximate）AS 安培计切换开关（Ammeter Switch）ATS 自动切换开关（Automatic Transfer Switch）AUD 音频（Audio）AUTO 自动（Automatic）AUTOTR 自动变压器（Auto Transformer）AUX 辅助（Auxiliary）A VG 平均（Average）AF 框架容量（Frame Size）AT 跳脱容量（Trip Rating）BAT 电池（Battery）BA TCHG 电池充电机（Battery Charger）BCD 二进码十进制（Binary Coded Decimal）BET 之间（Between）BGM 背景音乐（Back Ground Music）BIL 基本绝缘水n（Basic Insulation Level）BLDG 建筑物（Building）BOT 底（层）（Bottom）C 导线管（Conduit）CA 电缆（Cable）CAB 配电箱（Cabinet）CAM 摄影机/ 空调辅助电表（Camera, Cooling Auxiliary Meter）CAP 电容器/电容（Capacitor/Capacitance）CAT 种类（Category）CB 断路器（Circuit Breaker）CCC 中央控制中心（Central Control Center）CCTV 闭路电视（Closed Circuit Television）CH 频道（Channel）CKT 电路/袈罚Circuit）CLG 天花板（Ceiling）CLK ?（Clock）CMC 母?（Central Master Clock）cm 公分（Centimeter）CDF 综合配线架（Combined Distribution Frame）COAX 同轴（Coaxial）COL 圆柱（Column）COMM 通讯（Communication）CONC 混凝土（Concrete）COND 导线（Conductor）CONN 接头/ 连接（Connector / Connection）CONS 控制台（Control Station）CONSTR 施工（Construction）CONT 连续/ 继续（Continue / Continuation）CPT 控制电源变压器（Control Power Transformer）CPU 中央处理（Central Processor Unit）CR 控制电[（Control Relay）CRT 阴极射线管（Cathode Ray Tube）CS 控制开关（Control Switch）CSRC 中央监控（Central Supervisory and Remote Control）CMPTR 电脑（Computer）CT 比流器（Current Transformer）CTL 控制（Control）CTR 中心（Center）CU 铜（Copper）CTY 电缆架（Cable Tray）D/C 类位/类比转换器（Digital To Analog Converter）DA 分散放大器（Distribution Amplifier）dB 分贝（Decibel）dBm 毫瓦分贝（A dB Referred To One Milliwatt）DC 直流（Direct Current）DD 数位类示（Digital Display）DDC 资料分配控制器（Data Distribution Controller）DDT 资料显示终端机（Data Display Terminal）DEPT 部门（Department）DET 详细图（Detail）DF 需量因素（Demand Factor）DGP 资料收集处理机（Data Gathering Processor）DGT 电信总局（Directorate General of Telecommunications）DIA 直径（Diameter）DIG 图（Diagram）DIFF 差别的（Differential）DIM 尺度（Dimension）DISC 分开/ 不接（Disconnect）DISTR 分布/ 分配（Distribution）DIV 参差因数（Diversity Factor）DM 需量表（Demand Meter）DN 向下（Down）DO 抽出（Draw Out）DP 双极（Double Pole）DPDT 双极双投（Double Pole Double Throw）DPST 双极单投（Double Pole Single Throw）DS 隔离开关（Disconnect Switch）DT 双投（Double Throw）DTG 防尘（Dust Tight）DRG 图（Drawing）E 紧急（Emergency）EA 每一（Each）EC 空导管（Empty Conduit）EL 高程（Elevation）ELEC 电机（Electric）ELV 电梯（Elevator）EM 能源管理（Energy Management）EMI 电磁干扰（Electromagnetic Interference）EMS 环境管理子系统（Environmental Management Subsystem）EMT 金属电导管（Electrical Metallic Tubing）ENCL 箱体（Enclosure）ENTR 入口（Entrance）EPR 乙烯丙烯橡胶（Ethylene Propylene Rubber）EQ 等化器（Equalizer）EQPT 设备（Equipment）ESC 电扶梯（Escalator）ET 紧急电话/ 经过时间（Emergency Telephone / Elapse Time）EXP.JT 伸缩缝（Expansion Joint）EXT 外部（Exterior）EX 交换机/ 交换线路（Exchange / Exchange Line）F，FI 频率（Frequency）FA 火灾报警机（Fire Alarm）FT 多功能电话（Feature Telephone）FAS 火警系统（Fire Alarm System）FB 熔线座（Fuse Block）FBO 非本工程范围（Furnished By Others）FDN 基础（Foundation）FDR 馈线（Feeder）FF 粉刷完成面（Finished Floor）FL 层（Floor）FLD 场（Field）FLEX 软性的（Flexible）FLS 火灾及安全辅助系统（Fire And Life Safety Subsystem）FLUOR 萤光灯（Fluorescent）FM 频率表/ 调频（Frequency Meter / Frequency Modulation）FO 光学纤维（Fiber Optic）FS 防火（Fire Stop）FSK 移频按键/ 频移键（Frequency Shift Key）FU 熔线（Fuse）FURN 提供（Furnished）FUT 未来（Future）GA 标n?/ 尺度（Gauge）GALV 镀锌（Galvanized）GB 接地S/流排（Ground Bus）GEN 发电机（Generator）G.F. 接地故障保护（Ground Fault Protection）GRS 无线电指引系统（Guide Radio System）G,GND 地面/ 接地/ 绿色（Ground / Green）湿式中拉机medium wet drawing machine中拉机medium wire drawing machine中拉intermediate drawing中拉机intermediate wire drawing machine中拉机、大拉机coarse wire drawing machine粗-细线拉线机、中拉机coarse-fine wire drawing machine多根拉线-退火-束线机组multi-wire drawing-annealing-bunching line四节距束线机four twist bunching machine双节距束线机double twist buncher双节距束线机double-twist bunch strander双节距[双倍]束线机double-twist bunching machine双节距高速束线机double-twist laying-up machine复合束线、复[混[合束线compound bunch磨光机、束线机buffing machine v束线、束绞n束线bunch v束线、束绞bunch-strand束绞铜束线bunch-stranded copper conductor束线、绞合线bunched wire束线机buncher束线机bunching machine灌注potting双面双层十六头纱包机16- head double-side douoble-rosette cotton covering machine) 立式双层鼓轮vertical double draft bull block双层编包风雨线weatherproof double braid双层挤出(机)头twin (extruder) head双层鼓轮拉线机twin capstan drawing machine双头挤出、双层挤出twin-head extrusion双层的twin-layer橡皮绝缘双层编包线rubber-covered double braided双层环氧漆包圆铜电磁线heavy epoxy-coated round copper magnet wire泡沫皮绝缘、泡沫/实心双层绝缘foam skin insulation双层编织机double tier type braiding machine双层钢丝铠装double wire armour双层钢丝铠装电缆double wire-armoured cable双层挤出(机)头double(extruder)head双层编织的double-braid双层编织式外导体同轴电缆double-braid type coaxial cable双层鼓轮拉线机double-capstan wire drawing machine双层滚筒六头拉线机double-deck 6 head type machine双层鼓轮double-deck bull block双层拉线鼓轮double-deck drawing block双层绝缘的double-insulated双层的double-layer双层一次挤出(法) double-layer coating co-extrusion双层挤出(机)头double-layer extrusion head双层纸double-ply paper双丝包的、双层丝绝缘double-silk covered双层挤出(机)头dual (extruder) head泡沫/实心双层绝缘、泡沫绝缘dual expanded plastic insulation双层挤出机dual extruder双层绕包头dual lapping head双层的duplex双层纸duplex paper双层护套、焊接的皱纹金属管护套duplex sheath双层绕包头duplicate lapping head双层铠装double armo(u)ring双层鼓轮double block双层鼓轮拉线机double block drawing machine双层拉线鼓轮double deck drawing capstan双层环氧漆包圆铜电磁线double epoxy-coated round copper magnet wire 双层绝缘导线double insulated condutor双层直角挤出机头double layer crosshead双层钢带铠装double layer of steel-tape armour双层钢带铠装d.s.t.a.(double layer of steel-tape armour)双层护套电缆的内护套直径DOIJ单层纸simplex paper单层滚筒七头拉线机single deck 7 heads type machine单层环氧漆包圆铜电磁线single epoxy-coated round copper magnet wire 单层金属编织机single tier type wire braiding machine单层的single-layer单层电缆single-layer cable单层绞线single-layer strand单层纸包圆铜电磁线single-paper-covered round copper magnet wire单层纸single-ply paper单层纸single-wire paper单层monolayer单层甲板大帆船galley管式绞线机、管绞机tube strander管式绞线机、管绞机tubular closer管绞机tubular strander管式绞线机、管绞机tubular stranding machine管绞机筒体stranding rotor高速管绞机high speed tubular stranding machine光纤拉丝optical fibre drawing拉丝乳剂drawing compounds拉丝润滑剂drawing lubricants拉丝用皂drawing soaps8模湿式拉丝机、八模湿拉机wet drawing machine with 8 dies拉线、拉丝wire drawing拉线模、拉丝模wire drawing die拉丝润滑剂wire drawing lubricant拉线机、拉丝机wire drawing millv拉丝、拔丝wire-draw拉丝机、拉丝工wire-drawer拉丝架[机] wire-drawing bench拉丝设备[车间] wire-drawing plant拉丝、拔丝wireddrawing拉丝模(板) wortle钻石拉丝模超声抛光ultrasonic diamond die polishing钻石拉丝模超声抛光装置ultrasonic diamond die polishing unit超声波拉丝模打孔机ultrasonic drawing die drilling machine超声波拉丝模加工机ultrasonic drawing die working machine超声波拉丝机ultrasonic drawing machine碳化钨(拉丝)模、硬质合金(拉线)模tungsten-carbide(drawing) die 组合式辊压模、互成直角的四辊轮拉丝模装置turks(-)head互成直角的四辊轮拉丝模装置turks(head) roll串列式退火机、连续拉丝退火机tandem annealer滑移式拉丝[线]机slip drawing machine拉丝溶液solution-drawing单道拉丝single draft drawing单模拉丝机single draft drawing machine单道拉丝single-pass drawing(光纤)拉丝机pulling machine拉丝模孔光洁度profiloscope光纤拉丝塔optical fiber drawing tower光纤拉丝机optical fibre drawing machine多头拉丝、多模拉丝multiple drawing多模拉丝机multiple drawing machinen-模连续拉丝机n-die continuous wiredrawer高性能拉丝生产线high performance drawing line( 拉丝模的)研磨grinding光纤拉丝系统fiber drawing system光缆拉丝机fiber pulling machine光纤拉丝机fiber-pulling machine双列[双重]拉丝机double row wire drawing machine 拉丝[线]机]、拔杆机draw bench拉丝机、拔杆机、拔管机drawbench拉丝(润滑液)槽drawing batch拉丝[线]机、拔杆机drawing bench拉丝润滑剂drawing compound拉丝塔轮、拉线鼓轮drawing cone拉丝设备drawing equipment拉丝[线]润滑液drawing fluid拉丝[线]润滑液drawing oil拉丝[线]润滑液drawing solution拉丝模具drawing tool拉丝配模、配模dies arrangement直接拉丝direct drawing(拉丝模)模座die holder塔轮式拉丝[线]机cone-type drawing machine拉丝模、拉丝机bull block拉丝机、拉丝模bull-block拉丝模、拉丝机bullblock防滑动拉丝机anti-slipping drawing machine立式单模大拉机、立式鼓轮vertical bull block粗拉机、大拉机、开坯机rod breakdown machine 大拉rod-breakdown大拉机large drawing mill直线式单头大拉机in-line bull block machine卧式单模大拉机、卧式鼓轮horizontal bull block 大拉机heavy drawing machine大拉heavy rod drawing大拉机heavy rod drawing machine拉线鼓轮、大拉机drawing block大拉coarse drawing中拉机、大拉机coarse wire drawing machine单模大拉机bull drawing block大拉机bar drawblock小拉机fine wire drawing细拉mini-drawing细拉机mini-drawing machine细拉mini-fine drawing细拉fine drawingvt拉细丝、细拉finedraw细拉机finishing block(铜杆)剥皮shave铜杆剥皮shaving of copper rod铜杆的压延rolling of copper rod圆铜杆round copper rod电工用圆铜杆round copper rod for electrical purpose成圈铜杆放线架pay-off stand for copper rods in coils热轧铜杆hot-rolled copper rod铜杆copper bar铜杆、(电缆头用)铜出线梗、接线柱copper rod铜杆剥皮机copper rod descaler铜杆拉出copper rod withdrawal控制电缆control cables自动带宽控制ABC断线控制系统wire break control system线张力控制wire tension control线张力控制仪、紧线器wire tensioner电压控制voltage contro扭力控制装置torsion control equipment热液控制、液体控温(法) thermal liquid control厚度(控制)仪、测厚仪thickness gage色调控制孔径toll-control aperture带子张力控制tape tension control温度控制[调节] temperature control液体控温(法)、热液控制temperature control by a liquid medium 温度控制仪temperature control meter张力控制[调节]装置tension control device张力控制装置tension control unit张力控制放线装置tension controlled pay-off张力控制仪tensioner测试线、控制[操作、监视]线testing conductor严格控制[检验、检查] strict control严格控制[检验、检查] stringent test监督、检验、检查、控制supervision电场控制[调整]、应力控制stress control应力控制带stress control tape应力控制管stress control tubing电[磁]场控制的、应力控制的stress-controlling严格检验[检查、控制] severe control严格检验[检查、控制] severe test控制线路用多芯用电缆、船用控制电缆shipboard multicore cable for control circuits 硅管外径控制器silica tube outer diameter controller设定值、控制点setpoint严格检验[检查、控制] rigid test严格检验[检查、控制] rigorous test自动控制收线装置robot take-up垂度控制sag control垂度控制器sag controller垂度控制环sag-control loop调节[控制]范围regulating range调节[整]器、控制器regulator按扭控制[操纵] push-button control质量控制[检验] quality control质量检验[控制] quality inspection生产过程控制、程序控制process control工序控制检验process control inspection生产过程控制production control程序控制programme control控制导线、辅助芯线pilot控制线芯、监视线芯pilot conductor导引绝缘线芯、控制线芯、监视线芯pilot core控制线、操作线pilot line压缩空气控制pneumatic operation放线人工控制速度pay off manual speed control放线自动控制微调payoff automatic-control triment氢氧焰温度控制器oxyhydrogen flame temperature controller控制板[配电盘]开关装置panel switching equipment操作台、操纵盘、控制板operator panel操作台、控制台operator\'s desk噪声控制装置noise control equipment非接触式线径控制仪non-contact diameter monitor微处理机控制话缆四线组测试仪microprocessor telephone quad tester 监测器--电容量控制monitor-capacitance control监督、检验、检查、控制monitoring灯光显示控制luminous control panel生产过程控制manufacturing control流量控制器mass flow controller柔软云母材料flexible mica material软管；套管sleeving(柔软)复合材料；复合箔combined (flexible)material软化温度；软化点softening temperature;softening point软电缆BX cable屈服[流动、软化、击穿]点yield point(YP)屈服强度、软化强度yield strength乙烯绝缘软电缆vinyl cabtyre cable耐水软线water-resistan cord热塑流试验、软化击穿试验thermoplastic flow test三芯电力软线three conductor power cord三芯软线three-core cord三芯软线three-way cord镀锡软铜绞线tined soft copper stranded wire箔软线、塞线tinsel cord电话软线telephone cord电信软件telesoftware电源软线supply cord交换机电缆[塞子软线] switchboard cable退火(软)线soft annealed wire退火、韧炼、软化退火soft annealing软电缆soft cable软陶瓷绝缘电磁线soft ceramic insulated magnet wire软涂层soft coating软拉soft drawn软或退火铜线、软铜线soft or annealed copper wire箔软线、塞线tinsel cord电话软线telephone cord电信软件telesoftware电源软线supply cord交换机电缆[塞子软线] switchboard cable退火(软)线soft annealed wire退火、韧炼、软化退火soft annealing软电缆soft cable软陶瓷绝缘电磁线soft ceramic insulated magnet wire软涂层soft coating软拉soft drawn软或退火铜线、软铜线soft or annealed copper wire软橡胶soft rubber软链段soft segment软焊料钎焊、锡焊soft soldering退火铜线、软铜线soft-annealed copper wirev软焊料钎焊、锡焊soft-solder软化剂softener软化softening软化剂softening agent软化[退火]装置softening plant软化点softening point软化区、增塑区softening region软钎焊(缝、点、头) soldered joint软钎焊(缝、点、头) soldering joint扁形(软线)接头spade tag扇形(软线)接头spade terminal螺旋芯软线、有弹簧的塞绳spiral-conductor flexible cord星绞八芯软电缆spiral-eight cable星绞四芯软电缆spiral-four cable星绞四芯软电缆spiral-four type cable船用软同轴电缆shipboard flexible coaxial cable爆破[放炮]用软线shot-fire cord丝包软线silk-covered cord镀银软或退火铜线、镀银软铜线silver-coated soft or annealed copper wire 单线软绳single-wire cord可收缩软线、弹簧线retractile cord橡套软电缆rubber jacketed flexible cable橡胶素炼机、软胶机rubber-homogenizer软拉s.d.(soft drawn)游览车用软线recreational-vehicle cord预装配的软电缆pre-assembled flexible cable预装配的软电缆及软线pre-assembled flexible cables and cords精密排列的扁形软电缆precision-tiered flat flexible cable抽头、引线、软导线pigtail超软细股线pigtail wire塑料护套软线plastic-sheathed flexible cord移动式软线portable cord普通塑料护套软线ordinary plastic-sheathed flexible cord普通型耐磨橡套软电缆ordinary tough-rubber sheathed flexible cable普通耐磨橡套软线ordinary tough-rubber sheathed flexible cord普通聚氯乙烯护套软线ordinary(PVC-)sheathed flexible cord耐油软线oil-proof cord耐油软线oil-resistant cord光纤软线optical fiber cord多芯软线multicore cord多芯软线multiple cord网络软件network software镀镍软或退火铜线、镀镍软铜线nickel-coated soft or annealed copper wire 麦克风[话筒]软线microphone cord麦克风[话筒]软线mike cord移动房屋用软线mobile-home cord定型设计的电话软线、弹簧电话软线modular telephone cord防潮双绞软线moisture proof twisted cord单塞绳、单软线monocord低温柔软性low temperature flexibility低漏泄电流用户软线low-leakage-current service cord轻型塑料护套软线light plastic-sheathed flexible cord轻型聚氯乙烯护套软线light(PVC) sheathed flexible cord电灯(软)线lamp cord铅合金包覆软铜线lead-alloy-coated soft copper wire铅包软铜线lead-coated soft copper wire仪器用软线[塞绳] instrument cord绝缘软线insulated flexible wire综合软件integrated software高温软线high-temperature flexibles素炼机、软胶机homogenizing roller布线用线、安装线、跨接线、柔软连接线hook-up wire软管、橡皮管hose苛刻条件用软线hard-service cord耐热护套软电缆heat-resistant sheathed flexible cable重型耐磨橡套软电缆heavy tough-rubber sheathed flexible cable镀锌软[低碳]钢丝galvanized mild steel wire玻璃丝绝缘软线glass-fiber-insulated flexibles馈电软线feed cord一级软线first class flexible cord扁形软电缆flat flexible cable扁形双芯软线flat twin flexible cord扁形双芯软线[塞绳] flat twin tinsel cord软线flex conductor柔软性flexibility柔软度试验flexibility test软线、连接塞绳、软电缆确良adj柔软的flexible软电缆flexible cable矿工帽灯用软线flexible cable for miners\' cap lamps软接线flexible circuit conductor软导体、柔软导体、软线flexible conductor软线、连接塞绳flexible cord电缆软接头flexible joint移动式电力软线flexible portable power cord电力软线flexible power cord软绞线flexible stranded conductor软绞线flexible stranded wire软[花、皮]线flexible wire软线布线flexible wiring软线、软绳flexibles弹性[延伸]软绳extension cord特软绞线extra-flexible stranded conductor极苛刻条件用软线双芯软线[塞绳] double conductor cord软化击穿cut-through耐切通性、切通强度、耐软化击穿性能cut-through resistance切通温度、软化击穿温度cut-through temperature切通试验、软化击穿试验cut-through test连接塞绳、软线connecting cord铜芯聚氯乙烯绝缘平型软线copper conductor PVC-insulated parallel flexible cord 铜芯聚氯乙烯绝缘绞型软线copper conductor PVC-insulated twisted flexible cord 软线[绳]、电线电缆、塞绳cord花线、装饰线路用软线cord for decorative chains带有插塞的电话软线cord setextra-hard-service cord成套塞绳、带有插塞的电话软线彩色软线colour cord通信软件communication software锥形软模具cone-shaped flexible die同轴软线、同轴线塞绳coaxial cord螺圈形软线coiled cord橡皮绝缘(软)电缆、橡套[软件]电缆cabtyre cable橡套电缆、软管电缆cabtyre sheathed cable配套软件bundled software软管电缆cab-tire cable橡皮绝缘软线〔软塞绳〕cab-tyre cord电缆软接头cable flexible joint软连接用电缆cable for flexible connections电缆软管cable hose电缆软管夹托架cable hose clamp bracket编织软绳braided flexible cord退火、韧炼、软化anneal肖飚(本软件开发者、电缆工艺工程师) XIAOBIAO屈服[流动、软化、击穿]点YP(yield point)柔软控制电缆FCC(flexible control cable)硬链段与软链段的嵌段共聚物HYTREL挤出机extruders挤出extrusion挤气式挤出机vent extruder通用回转式挤出机versatile turret extruder立式连续挤出硫化机组vertical continuous extruding and vulcanizing machine 立式挤出机vertical extruder立式挤出vertical extrusion二段式挤出机two-stage extruder三层挤出机triple extruder三层挤出(机)头triple extruder head三层挤出(机)头triple extrusion head双层挤出(机)头twin (extruder) head双头挤出、双层挤出twin-head extrusion双螺杆挤出机twin-screw extruder三层挤出绝缘电缆three-layer extruded cable(挤出机)模嘴、模芯、末端tip串列式挤出机tandem extruder挤出物料的脱节starving of extrudate flow(挤出机)送料螺杆stockscrew滤网strainer剪切式挤出机头shear-type extrusion head护套挤出机sheathing machine单螺杆挤出机single screw extruder(挤出机筒内)焦烧、早期硫化scorching(in extruder cylinder)螺杆式挤出机screw extruder半导体材料挤出机semicon extruder挤出头、压力模座press block压力型多层一次挤出模pressure-type coextrusion die分段式挤出机piggyback extruder行星齿轮式挤出机planetary gear extruder（塑料）挤出机plastic extruder制粒挤出机pelletising extruder(挤出机)斜角机头oblique head单段式挤出机one-stage extruder光缆护套挤出生产线optical cable sheathing line多色挤出机multi-colour extruder多层挤出机multi-layer extruder多级[多段]式挤出机multi-stage extruder多根挤出法multi-wire insulation process多头挤出装置multiline extrusion system多层挤出multiple extrusion(挤出机)螺杆的计量区metering section of a screw混炼挤出机mixer-extruder混炼、排气、挤出联合机mixing ,venting and extruding machine 标色挤出机marking extruder铅管挤出机lead-pipe extrusion press内皮挤出机inner skin extruder绝缘机头、挤出机头insulating machine head高效挤出机high output extruder高速挤出生产流水线high speed tandemized extrusion line高发泡挤出high-foaming extrusion高发泡挤出生产线high-foaming extrusion line高速挤出生产流水线high-speed tandemized extrusion line卧式挤出机horizontal axis extruder卧式挤出机horizontal extrusion press热挤出hot extrusion热挤出用润滑剂hot extrusion lubricant静液(压)挤出hydrostatic extrusion模芯导向器(挤出机模子) guider tip注气体挤出机gas-injection extruder铅管挤出机lead-pipe extrusion press内皮挤出机inner skin extruder绝缘机头、挤出机头insulating machine head高效挤出机high output extruder高速挤出生产流水线high speed tandemized extrusion line高发泡挤出high-foaming extrusion高发泡挤出生产线high-foaming extrusion line高速挤出生产流水线high-speed tandemized extrusion line卧式挤出机horizontal axis extruder卧式挤出机horizontal extrusion press热挤出hot extrusion热挤出用润滑剂hot extrusion lubricant静液(压)挤出hydrostatic extrusion模芯导向器(挤出机模子) guider tip注气体挤出机gas-injection extruder泡沫挤出生产线foam extrusion line泡沫绝缘挤出foam insulation extrusion前端驱动挤出机front-end drive extruder光纤松套管-紧包缓冲层挤出生产线fiber-optic loose tube-tight buffer 出线区、挤出区exit zone挤出机extr.可挤出性、可挤压性extrudability挤出物、挤制材料extrudate挤出物温度extrudate temperaturev挤出[压、包、制] extrude挤出[压、包、制]的extruded挤出型绝缘电缆extruded cable挤出型绝缘电缆extruded dielectric cable挤出机、挤压机extruder挤出机筒体extruder barrel挤出机机筒内径extruder bore直角挤出机头extruder crosshead挤出(机)模具extruder dies挤出(机)头extruder head挤出机挤出量extruder output挤出机螺杆extruder screw挤出[制、包、压] extruding挤出机extruding machine挤出[制、包、压] extrusion挤出模具extrusion die挤出(机)模具extrusion dies挤出涂漆法extrusion enamelling process挤出发泡extrusion foaming挤出发泡法extrusion foaming method挤出(机)头extrusion head挤出指数extrusion index挤出生产线速度extrusion line speed挤出压力extrusion pressure挤出[压、包、制]方法extrusion process挤出工艺extrusion processing挤出性能extrusion property挤出量、挤出速度[量] extrusion rate挤出(机)螺杆extrusion screw挤出技术、挤出工艺extrusion technology挤出温度extrusion temperature挤出机模芯extrusion tip挤出模具extrusion tool挤出速度extrusion velocity挤出轮extrusion wheel有壳挤出extrusion with shell无壳挤出extrusion without shell(漆包线的)挤出涂漆法emailex method(漆包线的)挤出涂漆法emailex process双螺杆挤出机double screw extruder双层挤出(机)头double(extruder)head双层一次挤出(法) double-layer coating co-extrusion双层挤出(机)头double-layer extrusion head双层挤出(机)头dual (extruder) head双层挤出机dual extruder非连续性挤出discontinuous extrusion双层直角挤出机头double layer crosshead挤出机机头口型die lips挤出机机头口型间隙die lips gap(控制)压力挤出法controlled pressure extrusion粉末涂敷powder coating室温固化cold curing cold setting十八盘两段卧式绞线成缆机18- bobbin 2-cage horizontal wire stranding and laying-up machine2/2芯单段成缆机2/2- core single cage laying-up machinev成缆、布[配]线、敷设电缆[线] wire未成缆光纤uncabled fiber绞线成缆联合机stranding and laying-up machine单节距成缆机single twist cabler单节距[单绞式]成缆机single-twist cabling machine刚性成缆机rigid cabling machine行星式成缆机planetary cabler行星式成缆机planetary cabling machine。
电力电子术语中英文对照
电力电子技术术语Absorber CircuitAC/AC Freque ncy Conv erter AC power con trolAC Power Con trollerAC Power Electro nic SwitchAC Voltage Co ntroller Asynchronous Modulati onBaker Clamp ing CircuitBi-direct ional Triode Thyristor Bipolar Junction Tran sistor-- BJT Boost-Buck ChopperBoost ChopperBoost Conv erterBridge Reversible ChopperBuck ChopperBuck Conv erterCommutatio nCon duct ion An gleCon sta nt Voltage Con sta nt Freque ncy-Contin uous Con ductio n--CCM Control Circuit吸收电路交交变频电路交流电力控制交流调功电路交流电力电子开关交流调压电路异步调制9贝克箝位电路双向晶闸管双极结型晶体管升降压斩波电路升压斩波电路升压变换器桥式可逆斩波电路降压斩波电路降压变换器换流导通角CVCF 恒压恒频（电流）连续模式控制电路CUK Circuit CUK 斩波电路Curre nt Reversible Chopper 电流可逆斩波电路Curre nt Source Type In verter--CSTI 电流（源）型逆变电路Cycloc on vertor 周波变流器DC-AC-DC Co nverter 直交直电路DC Choppi ng 直流斩波DC Choppi ng Circuit 直流斩波电路DC-DC Con verter 直流-直流变换器Device Commutati on 器件换流Direct Current Con trol 直接电流控制Disc ontinu ous Con duct ion mode （电流）断续模式Displaceme nt Factor 位移因数Distortio n Power 畸变功率Double End Conv erter 双端电路Drivi ng Circuit 驱动电路Electrical Isolati on 电气隔离Fast Acting Fuse 快速熔断器Fast Recovery Diode 快恢复二极管Fast Recovery Epitaxial Diodes 快恢复外延二极管Fast Switch ing Thyristor 快速晶闸管Field Con trolled Thyristor 场控晶闸管Flyback Conv erter 反激电流Forced Commutati on 强迫换流Freque ncy Conv erter 变频器 Full Bridge Conv erter 全桥电路 Full Bridge Rectifier 全桥整流电路 Full Wave Rectifier 全波整流电路 Fun dame ntal Factor 基波因数 Gate Turn-Off Thyristor--GTO 可关断晶闸管 Gen eral Purpose Diode 普通二极管 Gia nt Tran sistor--GTR 电力晶体管 Half Bridge Conv erter 半桥电路 Hard Switchi ng 硬开关 High Voltage IC 高压集成电路 Hysteresis Comparis on 带环比较方式 In direct Curre nt Con trol 间接电流控制 In direct DC-DC Co nverter直接电流变换电路 In sulated-Gate Bipolar Tran sistor--IGBT 绝缘栅双极晶体管 Intelligent Power Module--IPM智能功率模块Forward Con verter正激电路 In tegrated Gate-Commutated Thyristor--IGCT 集成门极换流晶闸管 In versi on 逆变 Latch ing Effect 擎住效应 Leakage In ducta nee 漏感 Light Triggered Thyristo---LTT 光控晶闸管 Li ne Commutati on电网换流Load Commutati on Loop Curre nt元件设备三绕组变压器：three-colu mn tran sformer ThrCI nTrans 双绕组变压器： double-colu mn tran sformer DbICI mnTrans 电容器：Capacitor并联电容器：shunt capacitor 电抗器：Reactor 母线：Busbar 输电线： Tran smissi onLine 发电厂： power pla nt 断路器： Breaker刀闸（隔离开关）：Isolator 分接头：tap 电动机：motor状态参数有功：active power 无功：reactive power 电流：current 容量：capacity 电压：voltage 档位：tap position有功损耗：reactive loss 无功损耗：active loss负载换流 环流功率因数：power-factor功率：power功角：power-angle电压等级：voltage grade空载损耗：n o-load loss铁损：iron loss铜损：copper loss空载电流：no-load curre nt阻抗：impedanee正序阻抗：positive seque nee impeda nee 负序阻抗：n egative seque nee impeda nee 零序阻抗：zero seque nee impeda nee 电阻：resistor电抗：reaetanee电导：eonduetanee电纟内：suseeptanee无功负载：reactive load 或者QLoad有功负载：active load PLoad遥测：YC(telemetering)遥信：YX励磁电流(转子电流):magnetizing eurrent 定子：stator功角：power-angle上限:upper limit下限：lower limit并歹U的：apposable高压：high voltage低压：low voltage中压：middle voltage电力系统power system发电机generator励磁excitation励磁器excitor电压voltage电流current母线bus变压器transformer升压变压器step-up transformer高压侧high side输电系统power transmission system输电线transmission line固定串联电容补偿fixed series capacitor compensation 稳定stability电压稳定voltage stability功角稳定angle stability暂态稳定transient stability电厂power plant能量输送power transfer交流AC装机容量in stalled capacity电网power system落点drop point开关站switch station双回同杆并架double-circuit lines on the same tower 变电站transformer substation补偿度degree of compensation高抗high voltage shunt reactor无功补偿reactive power compensation故障fault调节regulation裕度magin三相故障three phase fault故障切除时间fault clearing time极限切除时间critical cleari ng time切机generator triping高顶值high limited value强行励磁reinforced excitation线路补偿器LDC(line drop compensation)机端generator terminal静态static (state)动态dynamic (state)单机无穷大系统one mach ine - infin ity bus system 机端电压控制AVR电抗reactanee电阻resista nee功角power angle有功(功率) active power无功(功率) reactive power功率因数power factor无功电流reactive current下降特性droop characteristics斜率slope额定rati ng变比ratio参考值referenee value电压互感器PT分接头tap下降率droop rate仿真分析simulation analysis传递函数transfer function框图block diagram受端receive-side裕度margin同步synchronization失去同步loss of synchronization 阻尼damping摇摆swing保护断路器circuit breaker电阻：resista nee电抗：reacta nee阻抗：impeda nee电导：con ducta nee电纳：suscepta nee导纳：admitta nee电感：in ducta nee电容：capacita nee一般术语稳定电源。
WD14A 三相高级电能分析仪说明说明书
●Class 1 (kWh), Class 2 (kvarh)●Accuracy ±0.5 F.S. (current/voltage)●Power Analyzer●Instantaneous variables read-out: 3 DGT●Energies readout: 8+1 DGT●System variables: V LL, V LN, An, A dmd max, VA, VA dmd,VA dmd max, W, W dmd, W dmd max, var, PF, Hz, ASY●Single phase variables: V LL, V LN, V LN min, V LN max, A, A min,A max, A dmd, VA, W, W dmd, W max, var, PF, PF min●Harmonic analysis (FFT) up to the 15th harmonic (cur-rent and voltage)●Four quadrant power measurement●Energy measurements: total and partial kWh and kvarh●Hour counter (5+2 DGT)●TRMS meas. of distorted sine waves (voltages/currents)●Universal power supply: 90 to 260 VAC/DC, 18 to 60 VAC/DC●Front dimensions: 96x96mm●Voltage asymmetry, phase sequence, phase loss control Product Description3-phase advanced power analyzer with integrated pro-gramming key-pad. Particu-larly recommended for the measurement of the main electrical variables.Housing for panel mounting, with RS485 communication port or pulse and/or alarm outputs.Energy ManagementPower AnalyzerType WM14 96 …Advanced version‰Type SelectionPower supplyL: 18 to 60 VAC/VdCH:90 to 260 VAC/VdCRange codesAV5: 380/660V L-L/1/5(6)AACV L-N: 185 V to 460 VV L-L: 320 V to 800 VAV6: 120/208V L-L/1/5(6)AACV L-N: 45 V to 145 VV L-L: 78 V to 250 VPhase current: 0.03A to 6ANeutral current: 0.09A to 6AOptionsAX:advanced functionsSystem3 : 1, 2 or 3 phase,balanced/unbalancedload, with or withoutneutralPhase-neutral voltage ±(0.5% FS+ 1 dgt)Active and Apparent power, 0.25 to 6A: ±(1% FS +1dgt);0.03A to 0.25A: ±(1% FS+5dgt)Reactive power 0.25 to 6A: ±(2% FS +1dgt);0.03A to 0.25A: ±(2% FS+5dgt)Active energy Class 1 (start up current: 30mA)Reactive energy Class 2 (start up current: 30mA)Frequency ±0.1Hz (48 to 62Hz)Harmonic distortion ±3% F.S. (up to 15th harmonic)(F.S.: 100%)Input specificationsOutput 1R2: 2-relay outputsO2: 2-open collector outputs●Protection degree (front): IP65●2 digital outputs●16 freely configurable alarms with OR/AND logic linkablewith up to 2 digital outputs●RS422/485 serial output (MODBUS-RTU), iFIX SCADAcompatibilityOutput 2XX: NoneS1: RS485/RS422 portWM14-96Power Analyzer dvancedAOutput SpecificationsInput specifications (cont.)AWM14-96Power AnalyzerdvancedSoftware functionsWM14-96Power AnalyzerdvancedAAC/DC voltage90 to 260VAC/dC16 to 60VAC/dC Power consumption AC: 6 VA dC: 3.5 WPower Supply SpecificationsGeneral SpecificationsInsulation between inputs and outputsNOTE: In case of fault of first insulation the current from the measuring inputs to the ground is lower than 2 mA.AWM14-96Power AnalyzerdvancedList of the variables that can be connected to:• RS485/RS422 communication port• Alarm outputs (“max / min” variable, “energies” and “hour counter” excluded)• Pulse outputs (only “energies”)(x) = available(o) = not available(u) these variables are available also as MAX detection and data storage (on EEPROM at power down).(H) these variables are available also as MIN detection and data storage (on EEPROM at power down). (o) Highest value among the 3-phase.(m) Alarm available only on the consumed power (+).(#) these variables are available also for the MAX values, which have not been stored in the EEPROM at power down. (∆) these variables are available also for the MIN values, which have not been stored in the EEPROM at power down.WM14-96Power Analyzer dvancedAAlarm parameters and logicAND/OR logical alarm examples:- Block enable.- Controlled variable (VLN, ...).- Alarm type (up, down, in window, out window).- Activation function.- ON set-point.- OFF set-point.- ON delay.- Logical function (ANd, OR).- digital output (1, 2).Note: any alarm working mode can be linked to the “Start-up deactivation” function which disables only the first alarm after power on of the instrument.8A, B, C... up to 16parameter controlblocks.On alarm > Off alarm On alarm < Off alarmOut window alarm with start up deactivationWM14-96Power AnalyzerdvancedAMSd: most significant digitLSd: least significant digitDisplay pages1) Example of kWh visualization:this example is showing 15 933 453.7 kWh2) Example of kvarh visualization:this example is showing 3 553 944.9 kvarhWM14-96Power Analyzer dvancedAWaveform of the signals that can be measuredFigure ASine wave, undistorted Fundamental content 100%Harmonic content 0%A rms = 1.1107 | A |Figure BSine wave, indented Fundamental content 10...100%Harmonic content 0...90%Frequency spectrum: 3rd to 16th harmonic Additional error: <1% FS Sine wave, distorted Fundamental content 70...90%Harmonic content 10...30%Frequency spectrum: 3rd to 16th harmonic Additional error: <0.5% FSAccuracyWh , accuracy (Rdg) depending on the current Error6A (Imax)6A (Imax)5A (Ib)5A (Ib)0.5A (0.1Ib)1A (0.2Ib)0.25A (0.05Ib)0.5A (0.1Ib)Accuracy limits (Active energy)5(6A) Start-up current: 30mA varh , accuracy (Rdg) depending on the currentErrorAccuracy limits (Reactive energy)5(6A) Start-up current: 30mAPF=1PF=L0.5or C0.86A (Imax)6A (Imax)5A (Ib)5A (Ib)0.25A (0.05Ib)0.5A (0.1Ib)0.1A (0.02Ib)0.25A (0.05Ib)sinj=1sinj=0.5System variablesEquivalent three-phase voltage three-phase reactive power Neutral current three-phase active power three-phase apparent power three-phase power factor(tPF)Used calculation formulasPhase variablesInstantaneous effective voltage Instantaneous active power Instantaneous power factor Instantaneous effective current Instantaneous apparent power Instantaneous reactive powerEnergy meteringWhere:i = considered phase (L1, L2 or L3)P = active power; Q = reactive power;t 1, t 2=starting and ending time points of consumption recording; n = time unit;∆t = time interval between two successive power consumptions; n 1, n 2= starting and ending discrete time points of consumption recording An = A L1+A L2+A L3+1%0%+1,5%-1%-1,5%+2%0%+2,5%-2%-2,5%WM14-96Power Analyzer dvancedAWiring diagrams1391011121314151719212324252627285678NOTE: the current inputs can be connected to the mains ONLY by means of current transformers. the direct connection is not allowed.When the Ct is connected to earth, a leakage current from 0 to 1.8mA max is generated, whose value depends on the input impedance values of the instrument, on the type of connection and on the line voltage measured by the instrument.F1= 315mAWM14-96Power Analyzer dvancedA1391011121314151719212324252627285678NOTE: the current inputs can be connected to the mains ONLY by means of current transformers. the direct connection is not allowed.Wiring diagramsWhen the Ct is connected to earth, a leakage current from 0 to 1.8mA max is generated, whose value depends on the input impedance values of the instrument, on the type of connection and on the line voltage measured by the instrument.WM14-96Power Analyzer dvancedAOutput connectionsOpen collector outputs:the load resistance (Rc) must be designed so that the closed contact current is lower than 100mA; the VdC voltage must be lower than or equal to 30V. VdC: external power supply voltage. Out: positive output con-tact (open collector transistor). gNd: ground output contact (open collector transistor).Relay out.Fig. 13Fig. 14Fig. 15Front Panel DescriptionRS485 portFig.16Fig. 17VdC Out Out。