2019-2020年高考英语学业水平测试一轮复习 阅读理解 第Ⅱ题 专题二 主旨、要义、作者的意图产、观点和态度

专题二主旨、要义、作者的意图、观点和态度类题目[命题特点]针对文章的主要内容、中心思想、段落大意以及文章的标题进行设问。

(1)设题关键词：①general idea/main idea/mainly tells...②main meaning/attitude towards...③intention/intend to.../tend to.../have a tendency...(2)设题切入点：从文章中的名词、动词、形容词、副词可推断作者的意图与态度。

态度、观点、赞同的关键词：approval/approve/be in favour of，argue，believe，suppose，think，be convinced that...[考查重点](1)对文章的归纳总结能力。

(2)对标题关键词的提炼能力。

[方法技巧](1)利用信息词(如all in all，in a word，there－fore，It shows...等)确定主题句、总结句的位置。

(2)对于主题隐含的段落，先弄清问题的意思，然后快速通读全文，逐项排除，确定主旨。

(3)记叙文：“何人何时何地何法干何事”。

(4)议论文：多在首段或尾段。

(5)夹叙夹议：多在尾段。

Passage 1Over 70 percent of the “double single－child couples” in China need help from their parents in taking care of their own kids, according to a recent survey.Women of China magazine and a consulting company carried out a survey recently on young couples of the “single－child” generation, the Morning Post reports. The couples surveyed were around 29 and have been married for three years on average, with university education and monthly income of 4，000 yuan($531). Among them, 43.5 percent have kids.Results show that 71.9 percent of the young couples have help from their parents in taking care of their kids.Grown up as the “single－child”， the only child in a family since the family planning policy which was adopted in 1979, this generation depends much on their parents.The parents of the “single－child” generation focused more on their children's physical well－being rather than their attitudes and values, according to some psychologists.The research also found that the “double single－child couples” follow a rather traditional value system.Survey shows that 27.5 percent of them got married after dating for one to two years, 25.2 percent two to five years, and 20 percent didn't tie the knot until dating for five years. Also, 30 percent of the couples were schoolmates, while 43.8 percent were introduced by someone.Since their marriage is based on enduring relationships, 65.2 percent of the husbands and 62.9 percent of the wives think that compromise(妥协)and tolerance(宽容) are necessary in their marriage. Meanwhile, 21.7 percent of the husbands and 37.1 percent of the wives support the idea that happiness is the key standard for a marriage.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了让父母照顾孩子的社会现象。

1．The best title for the passage should be “______”．A．Mum and Dad, take care of my kid pleaseB．Double single－child couplesC．The problem of the single childD．A recent survey by Women of China解析：文章首段就点明了文章的论点——很多双独生子女夫妇让父母为他们照顾孩子。

下文就围绕这一论点展开具体论述。

答案：A2．Which of the following is NOT supported by the passage?A．The majority of the “double single－child couples” in China depend much on their parents.B．The parents of the “single－child” generation cared more about their study and education.C．One－fifth of the couples surveyed didn't get married until dating for five years.D．All the couples surveyed have university education and 30 percent of them were schoolmates.解析：从文章第五段可知这些独生子女的父母更多地关心他们的身体健康，而不是他们的态度和价值观，这里的态度和价值观当然包括他们的学习观和教育观，故B项表述错误，符合题意。

其他选项文中均有表述。

答案：B3．Which of the following descriptions about “double single－child couples” is TRUE?A．They are single children in either family and they are independent on their parents.B．They are single children in either family and they are dependent on their parents.C．They have at least two children and can afford to support themselves.D．They, who were introduced by someone, follow a rather traditional value system.解析：文章第四段提到他们都是独生子女，并且很依赖他们的父母。

答案：B4．The traditional value system mentioned in the passage refers to one that________．A．parents are concerned about their children's physical life as well as the spiritual lifeB．most couples were introduced by someone and made dating for a long time C．once begun, double single－child couples' marriage will last foreverD．the couples think that compromise and tolerance are necessary in their marriage 解析：由文章最后一段可知，传统价值观念包括：夫妇双方都要有一定的妥协和容忍。

由第五段可以排除A项；由第七段可以排除B项； C项文中没有提到。

答案：D5．According to the passage, we can learn that ________ is necessary in a marriage.A．wealth B．healthC．understanding D．education解析：由最后一段“...65.2 percent of the husbands and 62.9 percent of the wives think that compromise(妥协) and tolerance(宽容) are necessary in their marriage.”中的compromise和tolerance可知C项为正确答案。

A、B、D三项文中也有涉及，但都不是最准确的。

答案：CPassage 2Millions of people pass through the gates of Disney's entertainment parks in California, Florida and Japan each year. What makes these places an almost universal attraction? What makes foreign kings and queens and other important people want to visit these Disney parks? Well, one reason is the way they're treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their “guests”， as they prefer to call them, and to see that they enjoy themselves.All new employees, from vice presidents to part－time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking “Traditions 1”. Here, they learn about the company's history, how it is managed and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how their part is important in making the park a success.After passing “Traditions 1”， the employees go on to more specialized training for their specific jobs. No detail is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four eight－hour days of training. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple, ordinary job, he replied, “What happens if someone wants to know where the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campgrounds？...We need to know the answers or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.”Even Disney's managers get involved in the daily management of the park. Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hot dogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail (单轨车), and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come alive. The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company's goals more clearly.All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or the world. As one long－time business observer once said, “How Disney treats people, communicates with them, and rewards them, is in my view the very reason for his fifty years of success...I have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration, the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of people on a daily basis, successfully. It is what Disney does best.”【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了迪斯尼公司通过严格的训练管理和优质的服务吸引了来自世界各地的人们。