西安电子科技大学专业英语阅读试卷
西安电子科技大学自主招生试题英语2010
College Entrance Exam for English考试时间90分钟Part I Vocabulary and Structures (20 分)Directions: There are 20 items in this part. For each item there are four choices A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE word or phrase that best completes the meaning of the item. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with your pencil.1. Wait till you are more ____.It’s better to be sure than sorry.A) inspired B) satisfied C) calm D) certain2. We should recognize that every company and every person is part of along of customers and suppliers .A) pool B) line C) stream D) chain3. His composition was so confusing that I could hardly make any ofit whatsoever.A) meaning B) message C) information D) sense4. A railway ticket should indicate the place of departure as well as the________ of the trip.A) arrival B) image C) destination D) sequence5. When crossing a busy street, we should be very of the speedingcars.A) ignorant B) cautious C) capable D) alert6. More and more people began to _________ the relationship between manand nature, especially after the event.A) get rid of C) go too farB) be concerned about D) burst into7. We were _______ whether our car could climb the hill.A) distrusting B) doubtful C) questionable D) suspicious8. Nothing is worse than the _______ between what is right and what iswrong.A) connection B) establishment C) illustration D) confusion9.Knowing from the boy’s cries, Kate knew Scott was still.A) alive B) living C) lively D) live10. Thanks to the Internet, we can share sorrow and happiness at each other’shome through the ______ of e-mail.A) role B) medium C) modem D) order11. I wish you _________our party and I know you would have enjoyed it.A) had attended B) attended C) attend D) would attend12. Mrs. Brown kept her first _________ car for almost twenty years .A) large foreign black C) black foreign largeB) large black foreign D) foreign black large13. __________ invite him for a weekend with us, he is always too busy.A) No matter how I often C) No matter how often IB) However do I often D) However often do I14. The speaker, ______ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received bythe audience.A) having known B) being known C) knowing D) known15. I like watching TV______ to the cinema.A) more than to go C) more than goingB) than going D) rather than to go16. I don’t think that your watch is ______.A) worthy the price C) worthy to buyB) worth the price D) worth to buy17. I decided to go to the library as soon as I ______.A) finish what I did C) would finish what I was doingB) finished what I did D) finished what I was doing18. I walked too much yesterday and _______ are still aching now.A) my leg's muscles C) my leg musclesB) my muscles to leg D) my muscles of the leg19. It is recommended that the project ______ until all the preparationshave been made.A) is not started C) not be startedB) will not be started D) is not to be started20. The conference ______ a full week by the time it ends.A) must have lasted C) would lastB) will have lasted D) has lasted.Part I I Reading Comprehension (30分) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements. Each of them is given four suggested answers A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with your pencil.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Millions of people pass through the gates of Disney’s entertainment park in California, Florida and Japan each year. What makes these places an almost universal attraction? What makes foreign kings and queens and other important people want to visit these Disney parks? Well, one reason is the way they’re treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their “guests”, as the y prefer to call them, and to see that they enjoy themselves.All new employees, from vice presidents to part-time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking “Traditions I”. Here, they learn about the company’s history, how it is managed and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how their part is important in making the park a success.After passing “Traditions I”, the employees go on to more specialized training for their specific(具体的) jobs. No detail is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four eight-hour days of training. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple, ordinary job, he replied, “What happens if someone wants to know where the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campgrounds? ... We need to know the answers or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.”Even Disney’s managers get involved in the daily management of the park. Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hot dogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail(单轨车), and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come alive. The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company’s goals more clearly.All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or the world. As one long-time business observer once said, “How Disney treats people, communicates with them, rewards them,is in my view the very reason for his fifty years of success ... I have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration, the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of people on a daily basis, successfully. It is what Disney does best.”21．The first day they come to Disney parks, all new employees_________.A) begin by receiving on-the-job trainingB) must learn several jobsC) begin as ticket takersD) have already attended Disney University22．The main objective of the Disney employees is to _________.A)learn all parts of the businessB)see that their guests enjoy themselvesC)be able to answer all kinds of questionsD)keep their important guests happy23．Each year, managers wear special service clothes and work in the park to _________.A)set a good example for employeesB)remind themselves of their beginnings at DisneyC)gain a better view of the company’s objectivesD)replace employees on holiday24．Which is not true according to the passage?A)Tourists learn the history of Disney in its entertainment parks.B)Disney attracts people almost from all over the world.C)Parades are regularly held in Disney’s entertainment parks.D)Disney’s managers are able to do almost all kinds of work in theDisney park.25．This passage is mainly about __________.A)how Disney employees are trained.B)the history and traditions of the Disney enterprises.C)why Disney enterprises make a lot of moneyD)the importance Disney places on serving people well.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Physical fitness can help you to live longer, feel healthier and solve life’s problems better. Various activities can help you to keep fit: from running marathons to climbing mountains to lifting weights. For theordinary non-sporting person without much time to spare, activities like these are not very practical and, to be honest, they are a waste of time. It is much better in my view to spend no more than half an hour every other day in doing exercises. The important thing is to form such a habit so that you don’t say to yourself, ”I won’t take the trouble today!” or “I’ll do it later!” If you haven’t got the will to form a habit like this, a sport like tennis might suit you better. The person who takes part in the game with you will help you to remember to play often and you’ll be able to get your exercise outdoors, too.Another good way of keeping fit is jogging (慢跑). The important thing here is build up slowly and not to over do it -- otherwise you may give yourself a heart attack on your first run! It’s best to keep away from roads so as not to breathe in the strong-smelling smoke of the traffic instead of fresh air and in case you get run over!Doing exercise can take up your time but the feeling of being healthy makes up for the few minutes a day it takes. We should always keep in mind that health is better than wealth and no medicine is as good as sport.26．In the author’s opinion, _________.A)you should run away from the roads to take in fresh airB) a few minutes’ exercise every other day will help you keep fitC) a good habit is most important in physical fitnessD)nothing is better than sport in treating heart disease 27．According to this passage, tennis has the advantage that _________.A)there is no danger of traffic accidentB)it takes up only half an hour a dayC)your partner will remind you to play it oftenD)it helps you to form a habit easily28．The author tells us that while jogging, we should _________.A)keep it in mind to breathe slowlyB)do it together with someone elseC)speed up graduallyD)do it according to your ability29．What is NOT TRUE according to this passage?A)Jogging is harmful for those with heart troubles.B)Running marathons is not practical for many people.C)Tennis is a kind of outdoor sports.D)In doing sports, we should know some rules.30．The best title for this passage is ________.A)‘The Best Sport---Jogging’B)‘Indoor Sports and Outdoor Sports’C)‘Join in the Sports Activities’D)‘Things to Remember in Physical Training’Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Chinese basketball players have never been so close to the NBA before but questions remain about how they will adjust to life in the NBA if they go.Wang Zhizhi, the 2.16-metre center for the Bayi Rockets who was chosen by the Dallas Mavericks two years ago, has finally received permission from authorities to travel to Dallas to play for the rest of the NBA season after he finishes playing in the Chinese Basketball Association’s finals on March 25th.If he has no problems with his visa(签证),Wang will be the NBA’s first Asian player. Wang was chosen by the Mavericks in the second round of the 1999 draft but the Rockets, an army-run club, refused to let him go. After negotiations（谈判）between the Rockets and NBA representatives（代表）, the decision was made to allow Wang the chance to try his hand at American basketball, but only for a period of short time. He has to be back to play in the Ninth National Games in November in Guangzhou.Another center who has attracted attention from the NBA is Yao Ming, the 2.25-meter star who has led to the Shanghai Sharks into the finals fight with the Rockets this year. The 20-year-old’s NBA dreams might be harder to realize. Yao is the center of the Sh arks and the club’s manager Bei Genyuan has said that he would allow Yao to go only at a proper time, for a proper team and under proper conditions.Yao hasn’t been chosen yet and it is unlikely that he will be any time soon. People in the Shark’s front office earlier told members of the press that “it is not proper for Yao to attend the draft this year”because he has to represent Shanghai in the Ninth National Games.Even if Wang and Yao make it to the promised land of basketball at last, analysts on both sides of the Pacific have said the NBA road will be a long one for both of them. Besides needing to work on their upper body strength, Wang and Yao will also have to adapt（适应）to the speed,techniques and above all, culture of the NBA.31．Yao Ming has attracted attention from NBA because ____ .A)he is 2.25 meters tall, who is the tallest basketball player in China.B)he is the center of the Shanghai Sharks and has led Sharks into thefinal fight with the RocketsC)he is regarded as the best basketball player in ChinaD)he is thought highly of in the international world32．Yao Ming can play for NBA if ___ _.A)there is no problem with his visaB)NBA agrees to supply favorable conditions for himC)time and conditions are properD)NBA can pay a large sum of money for Sharks33．The underlined phrase “try his hand”in the passage probably means ____.A)初试身手B) 碰碰运气 C) 成为一员D) 为其效劳 34．NBA chose Wang Zhizhi so that ________.A)it can show NBA need talentsB)Wang Zhizhi can have a bright futureC)its whole level will be improvedD)it can make Wang Zhizhi world-famous35．When Wang Zhizhi plays in NBA, he will have to adapt to many things of NBA except .A) rules of basketball C) the speedB) culture D) techniquesPart III Cloze (15分) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices A), B), C) and D). You should choose the answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with your pencil.There is too much to read these days, and too little time to read every word of it. __ (36) __ there are hundreds of techniques we could learn to help us read faster.First of all, previewing is especially useful in getting general ideas of __(37) __ reading which is long and hard. It can give us as much as halfthe comprehension __ (38) __ as little as one tenth the time _(39) _ usually takes to read it. __ (40) __prev iewing doesn’t g ive us all the details, it does keep us from spending time on things we don’t really want. In a word, it can help us decide what is worth __ (41) __. When we practice reading with short passage, we should __ (42) __ trying to look at each word separately. __ (43)__, it will be much more __ (44) __ to grasp the general ideas of the passage. Therefore, it __ (45) __ out that skimming (略读) is a good way in this case. __ (46) __, to read faster we must also form the good habit of taking __ (47) __ groups of words instead of one __ (48) __ a time. Needless to say, this __ (49)__ constant practice. So now we have three ways to help us read faster. With enough practice, we’ll be able to __(50) __ more reading.36．A) Fortunately C) UnluckilyB) Eventually D) Obviously37. A) interesting B) light C) popular D) heavy38. A) in B) at C) with D) for39. A) it B) which C) what D) that40.A) If B) Since C) Because D) Although41. A) to read B) of reading C) reading D) to be read42. A) avoid B) stop C) prevent D) reject43. A) Otherwise B) However C) Thus D) Then44. A) rapid B) convenient C) effective D) difficult45. A) turns B) works C) makes D) tries46. A) Above all C) As a resultB) On the contrary D) In addition47. A) over B) up C) for D) in48. A) on B) in C) at D) for49. A) makes B) takes C) involves D) contains50. A) plot B) solve C) deal D) handle Part IV Writing (15分)Directions: In this part, you are to write a composition on the topic “A Boom in Celebrating Foreign Festivals in China” You should write atleast 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given inChinese below. Remember, you should write your composition onthe Answer Sheet.1. 近两年中国出现了过洋节热2. 阐明导致这种现象的原因3. 有人支持，有人反对，我认为。
西安电子科技大学研究生期末考试英语试题
西安电子科技大学研究生期末考试英语试题西安电子科技大学研究生课程考试试题（答案必须写在答题纸上或在答题卡上填涂）考试科目：英语基础课程编号：0821001考试日期：12 年6 月25 日考试时间：150 分考试方式：(闭卷) 任课教师：班号学生姓名：学号：考生注意事项一、本试卷由两份试卷组成：试卷一( Paper One ) 包括词汇，完形填空,与阅读理解三部分，共60题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二( Paper T wo ) 包括翻译与写作两部份，共3题。
二、试卷一（题号1－60）为客观评分题，答案一律用中性(HB)铅笔做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如[A] [B][C][D]。
三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案分别做在ANSWER SHEETⅡ上。
试卷一(Paper One)PartⅠ VOCABULARY (20 points)Section A: (1 point each)Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set of words underlined. Below the sentence are fourwords or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark thecorresponding letter with a single bar across the squarebracketson your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. But while it may be interesting for foreigners such as the US banker to look at the Nordic model, it appears difficult to emulate it.A. intimateB. intimidateC. imitateD. intimacy2. In the inception phase, the product idea or request for proposal is developed to the point that the funding decision can be made.A. perceptionB. beginningC. inclinationD. deception3. The official said the company was looking for access to capital to make itless vulnerable to competitors and takeover bids.A. defenselessB. vagueC. temptD. vulgar4. Now he owned the state’s largest advertising agency and was a veterandirector of the bank with strong influence on the board.A. prestigiousB. necessaryC. irreplaceableD. experienced5. So the court says it is important that the trademark proprietors should not beallowed to hold a perpetual monopoly on technical solutions.A. everlastingB. temporaryC. prolongD. prevailing6. The paper is entitled: Research on the Formation of Information Technology Usage Habituation from the Automatic Goal-Directed Behavior Perspective.A. justificationB. habitC. derivationD. adaptation7. Economists, however, are doing their best to gauge just how much thedestruction will cost both Japan and the world in economic growth.A. evacuateB. evaluateC. evaporateD. consume8. Meanwhile, despite all the crackdowns and criminal penalties, melamine (三聚氰胺) continues to pop up in the country’s dairy supply.A. pump upB. go quicklyC. appear suddenlyD. are frantic with9. The study was not designed to answer why sleeping longermay bedeleterious or whether people could extend their life span by sleeping less.A. neutralB. harmfulC. positiveD. negative10.A group of ladies saunter down a road in Skegness wearing floral, collaredshirts and closed toe shoes.A. scamperB. scraperC. strollD. scootSection B (1 point each)Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose the word or words from the fourchoices given to best complete each sentence. Mark thecorresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracketson your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.11. She suggests taking a methodical approach to individuals you are cominginto with, dividing them up under several headings, or markets.A. beingB. useC. contactD. action12. But I am guilty of an entirely different form of multitasking: in any givenmonth, I have lots of projects on the .A. moveB. courseC. pathD. go13. I really don’t see why our English teacher our monitor for praisesince we have all done quite well this term.A. leaves outB. singles outC. trips upD. provoked up14. There may be many providers for the service, and each of them may have adifferent name for the service or some other non-standard requirementsthat the service requester must .A. abide byB. abuse byC. bet byD. abandoned by15. V erify that the version of Microsoft Exchange you are using is withthe database version that you are trying to mount.A. competitiveB. contradictC. compatibleD. indifferent16. I think, learning English can three simple ingredients: persistence,proper ways and good teachers.A. boil down toB. in terms ofC. accord toD. be regarded to17. He eventually built a new, highly automated big factory that does nothingbut the plastic stoppers, 157 million a month.A. chuck outB. check outC. put outD. churn out18.Let others make their employees’ cuts first in the hope that they willattention you.A. deflect…fromB. depart….fromC. convert….fromD. derive…from19. Technologies can a powerful influence the lifelonglearning process, as well as to help overcome various inequalities in society.A. execute….onB. excurse…onC. exert…onD. exculpate…on20. The two animals each other in their eagerness to get inside, andheard the door shut behind them with great joy and relief.A. mussed overB. tumbled overC. came overD. slashed overPart Ⅱ CLOZE TEST ( 10 points)Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s) marked A, B, C and D for each blank in thepassage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you havechosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.For the past two years, I have been working on students’evaluation of classroom teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversations 21 some 300 students from at 22 twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally frank and direct in their comments 23 how course work could be better presented. Most of their remarks were kindly made with tolerance rather than bitterness----and frequently were softened by the fact that the students were speaking about some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless, 24 the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel 25 with things as they are in the classroom.Professors should be 26 from reading lecture notes. “It makes their voices monotonous.”If they are going to read, why not 27 out copies of the lecture? Then we wouldn’t need to go to class. Professors should 28 repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook. “29 we’ve read the material, we want to discuss it or hear it elaborated on,30 repeated.”“A lo t of students hate to buy a required text that the professor has written only to have his lectures repeat it.”21. A. counting B. covering C. figuring D. involving22. A. best B. length C. least D. large23. A. at B. on C. of D. over24. A. if B. though C. as D. whether25. A. satisfactory B. unsatisfactory C. satisfied D. dissatisfied26. A. interfered B. discouraged C. disturbed D. interrupted27. A. hold B. give C. drop D. leave28. A. avoid B. prevent C. refuse D. prohibit29. A. Until B. Unless C. Once D. However30. A. not B. or C. and D. yetPart ⅢREADING COMPREHENSION ( 30 points)Directions: In this part of the tests, there are six short passages for you to read. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questionsthat follow. Then choose the best answer from the chioces markedA, B, C and D, and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring AnswerSheet.Passage OneThe e-book, you could argue, is environmentally friendly, which is true, but it is also incredibly counter-intuitive. Computer engineers spend a lot of their time coming up with ways to make computers ubiquitous (无所不在的) in consumer lives, and they’ve largely succeeded in that, which is part of the point. Many consumers have also been busy rejecting electronic banking, partly because we want a few tangible experiences leftin our lives, and handling money is one of those experiences. Reading a book, in a way, is an act of rebellion today. It’s a statement that despite the 35 channels coming in on the cable box, the billions of Web sites and other diversions, you’re going to read a book. This is something someone could have done in the 16th century, when the first books were printed in English.I used to attend a regular “salon”in Man hattan, where Internet people would meet, have dinner and discuss the latest trends. One of the sponsors of these social gatherings, who worked for a publisher, brought an e-book to the group, and passed it around. Everything about it bugged me; it w as characterless, flat and soulless. One might imagine reading the works of Bill Gates on it, but the thought of reading Thackeray or Dickens or Wilkie Collins or even John Steinbeck on it is a laughing matter.In other words, books are more than just words, they have —or used to have —decorative covers, because they are expressions of the author’s creativity. That’s why some people collect first editions. They want to own the book that was authorized by the writer, an edition he or she might have owned. As books age, they attain a certain patina (古色古香), reminding of the history the object has seen.31. According to the author, one drawback of computers is that .A. they require sophisticated computer literacyB. they arc interfering with our private livesC. they can be used only in a limited numbers of areasD. they deprive us of experiences of handling things32. Today, reading books is regarded as .A. creativeB. harmfulC. intellectualD. old-fashioned33. It is the author’s opinion that .A. it is ridiculous to read literary works on an e-bookB. readers find it odd to read Bill Gates’ works on an e-bookC. reading e-books is not very different from reading paper booksD. e-books will replace traditional books in the foreseeable future34. The last paragraph is mainly concerned with the ________ aspect of paperbooks.A. physicalB. intellectualC. estheticD. historical35. What is the author’s main purpose?A. To forecast the e-books’ future.B. To make a case against e-books.C. To suggest alternatives to printed books.D. To weigh the pro and con of e-books.Passage 2Of all the areas of learning, the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people.“The burnt child fears the fire”is one instance; another is the rise of despots (暴君) like Hitler. Both these examples also point up the fact that attitudes stem from experience. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it wasindirect and cumulative. The Nazis were indoctrinated largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes.This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect.Another reason it is true is that pupils often delve (挖掘)somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a suit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the atmosphere of the classroom…these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of properemotional reactions.However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences.To illustrate, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be deleterious if she has personalprejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.36. The central idea conveyed in the above passage is that _______.A. attitudes affect our actionsB. teachers play a significant role in developing or changing pupils’attitudesC. attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiencesD. by their attitudes, teachers inadvertently affect pupils’ attitudes.37. A statement not made of implied in the passage is that _______.A.attitudes can be based on the learning of falsehoodsB. a child can develop in the classroom an attitude about the importanceof brushing his teethC.attitudes cannot easily be changed by rewards and lecturesD.the attitudes of elementary school-aged children are influencedprimarily by the way they were treated as infants38. The passage specifically states that _______.A.direct experiences are more valuable than indirect onesB.whatever attitudes a child learns in school have already beenintroduced at homeC.teachers should always conceal their own attitudes.D.Teachers can sometimes have an unwholesome influence on children39. The first and fourth paragraphs have all the following points in commonexcept _______.A.the importance of experience in building attitudesB.how fear sometimes governs attitudesC.how attitudes can be changed in the classroomD.how reading affects attitudes40. In the second paragraph, a substitute quotation to serve the writer’spurpose would be: _______.A.“poverty is the parent of revolution and crime.”B.“He that hath wife and children hath given hostages to fortune.C.“There is a great difference between a cunning man and a wise man.”D.“Nothing on earth consumes a man more quickly than the passion ofresentment.”Passage 3The world is undergoing tremendous changes. The rise of globalization, both economic and cultural that has swept throughout the world, has forged new ground as we enter the 21st century. But are the effects of globalization always positive? Some say no.Michael Tenet, head of the International Institute for Foreign Relations in Atlanta, is worried about current resentment throughout the world toward the rise of globalization. “Ever since the 1980s and the economic breakdown of the Asian Tigers in the late 1990s, there has been a re-evaluation of the role of globalization as a for ce for good,” he said, “Income in manycountries has declined and the gap between the most rich and the most poor has been worsened. Without further interference by governments, we could see a tragedy expressed in an increased level of poverty throughout t he Latin America and Asia.”Y et George Frank, an influential economist who works on Wall Street, sees no such danger. “E conomic liberation, increased transparency and market-based reforms have positive effect in the long run, even if market mechanism can produce short term destabilization problems,” he said. “What is most important is that barriers to trade continue to fall so that active competition for consumer goods reduces prices and in turn raises the average level of income.”Others feel that global ization’s cultural impact may be more important than its economic implications. Janice Y awee, a native of Africa, feels strongly that globalization is weakening her local culture and language. “Most of the world’s dialects will become extinct under globalization. We are paving the world with McDonald’s and English slang. It tears me up inside,” she said.However, ignoring the political dimensions of globalization has already had its cost. Nowhere was this made clearer than in the East Asian economic crisis of the late 1990s —particularly in Indonesia. In the wake of that crisis, the President Suharto’s regime was overthrown, and the entire country has been thrown into a mess. The Indonesian economy has contracted almost 50 percent, throwing tens of millions of people below the poverty line.Governments of different countries have had mixed responses to the wave of globalization. The United States is generally seen as an active proponent of greater free trade, andit certainly has enormous cultural influence by virtue of its near monopoly on worldwide entertainment. But other countries, most notably in Europe and developing nations, have sought to reduce the impact that globalization has on their domestic affairs.41. It can be inferred that Michael Tenor’s at titude toward globalization isprobably .A. strongly opposedB. cautiously agreedC. somewhat anxiousD. absolutely supportive42. According to the passage, George Frank .A. agrees with the comments made by Michael TenetB. consents the globalization is favorable to economyC. believes that the reduction of prices is due to the competitionD. thinks the instability is caused by the economic liberalization43. The words by Janice Y awee mean that .A. dialects need more protection by people in the worldB. informal English words are as popular as the McDonald's in the worldC. Janice Y awee’s local culture has vanished in the worldD. the impacts of globalization are great on cultures of the world44. The author cites the example of Indonesia in order to .A. prove the impact of globalization on the field of politicsB. show the economic crisis of the late 1990s in East AsiaC. support the successful economic and political reform in IndonesiaD. illustrate why the Suhatro’s regime collapsed45. This passage implies that .A. globalization is good for a country’s economic developmentB. globalization is widely accepted and advocated by peopleC. globalization is too influential on a country’s economy to be acceptedD. globalization is not always of great benef it to a country’s developmentPassage 4Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data shows that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebound, the number of marriages also rises.Coincident with the increasing women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Y et, it may be wrong to jump to reply simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problemsoften play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.Also a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinner. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside the home comes the capacity to exercise power, within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.46. The word “portend” in P aragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”.A. defyB. signalC. suffer fromD. result from47. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides, .A. men would choose working women as their marriage partnersB. more women would get married to seek financial securityC. even working women would worry about their marriagesD. more people would prefer to remain single for the time being48. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that _ .A. they feel that they have been robbed of their freedomB. they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbandsC. they feel that their partners fall to live up to their expectationsD. they tend to suspect their husbands' loyalty to their marriage49. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, .A. they are more likely to dominate their marriage partnersB. their husbands are expected to do more houseworkC. their marriage ties can be strengthenedD. they tend to put their career before marriage50. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author’s viewin the passage?A. The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economicsituation of the country.B. Even when economically independent, most women have to strugglefor real equality in marriage.C. In order to secure their marriage, women should work outside the homeand remain independent.D. The impact of the growing female workforce on marriagevaries fromcase to case.Passage 5In evolutionary terms, humans are relative newcomers to earth, but in a short time they have established themselves as the most successful and dominant species. As Carl Sagan has commented, humans arrived late in December if we consider evolutionary time in terms of a calendar year. As our earliest ancestors left the forest to feed in the savannas and finally to form hunting societies on the open plains, their minds and behavior changed.The theory of natural selection provides an explanation of the evolutionary process. This theory is based on Charles Darwin’s observations of many animal species around the world. Darwin pointed out that organisms reproduce at rates that could lead to enormous increases in population sizes of most species.However, despite these massive reproductive capacities, population size tends to remain fairly constant.Darwin stressed that there is extensive variability-sometimes referred to as genetic diversity-among individuals in a species. Some of these variations appear advantageous for survival. Darwin argued that individuals characterized by these beneficial characteristics would be more likely to survive and succeed in reproducing themselves. Gradually, the organisms with the favorable characteristics would comprise a greater proportion of the population, and over a long period of time, the reproductive advantage could produce a gradual modification of the whole population. However, if environmental conditions change, new sets of characteristics might be favored and the whole process could move off in a different direction.Evolution proceeds at a very slow pace indeed. For example, the lines leading to the emergence of human beings and the great apes began to diverge about 14 million years ago. Modern man came into existence about 50, 000 years ago. The beginning of civilization as we know it began about 10, 000 years ago. In the ensuring years there have been no sweeping evolutionary changes in humans. This is not surprising because we have existed for only about 50, 000 years and it takes much longer fora mammalian species to develop.51. Which of the following statements is certain?A. Humans emerged later than most animals on earth.B. Humans came into existence when the earth was cold.C. Humans became hunters 10,000 years ago.D. No evolution has taken place in humans in the last 10,000 years.52. Why does population size remain relatively constant?A. Organisms do not reproduce at high enough rates.B. Few organisms are characterized with favorable characteristics.C. Some variations in a species fail to survive.D. Evolution takes a longer time than could be imaged.53. According to Darwin, evolution is chiefly determined by _______.A. biological factorsB. environmental factorsC. interspecies factorsD. reproduction time54. The word “diverge” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “__”A. renderB. corruptC. deviateD. derive55. Evolution in a species often starts_______.A. collectivelyB. in some individualsC. suddenlyD. in a sweeping mannerPassage 6Mass production, the defining characteristic of the Second Wave economy, becomes increasingly obsolete as firms install information intens ive, often robotized manufacturing systems capable of endless deep variation, even customization, The revolutionary result is, in effect, the de-massification of mass production.The shift toward smart flex-techs promotes diversity and feeds consumer choice to the point that a Wal-Mart store can offer the buyer nearly 110,000 products in various types, sizes, models and colors to choose among.But Wal-Mart is a mass merchandiser. Increasingly, the mass market itself is breaking up into differentiated niches as customer needs diverge and better information makes it possible for businesses to identify and serve micro-markets. Specialty stores, boutiques, superstores, TV home-shopping systems, computer-based buying, direct mail and other systems provide a growing diversity of channels through which producers can distribute their wares to customers in an increasingly de-massified marketplace. When we wrote Future Shock in the late1960s, visionary marketers began talking about “market segmentation.”Today they no longer focus on “segments”buton “particles”—family units and even single individuals.Meanwhile, advertising is targeted at smaller and smaller market segments reached through increasingly de-massified media. The dramatic breakup of mass audiences is underscored by the crisis of the once great TV networks, ABC, CBS and NBC, at a time when Tele-Communications, Inc. of Denver, announces a fiber-optic network capable of providing viewers with five hundred interactive channels of television. Such systems mean that sellers will be able to target buyers with even greater precision. The simultaneous de-massification of production, distribution and communication revolutionizes the economy and shifts it from homogeneity toward extreme heterogeneity.56. What would be a proper title for this passage?A. Future ShockB. De-massificationC. Changing TrendD. Market Segmentation57. Which is true about “mass production” according to the author?A. It promotes further development in manufacturing systems.B. It defines the Second Wave economy and will last.C. It involves intensive information, automation, and customization.D. It is becoming dated for the present economy.58. The author calls those marketers “visionary” mainly because_______.A. they began talking about “market segmentation” in 1960s.B. they focus on “market particles.”。
西安电子科技大学研究生专业英语阅读2009参考答案
Part one:1）The phenomenon is called convergence, and its study forms an important chapter in modern analysis.2）One of the achievements in outer space exploration in the 20th century was the awareness that there might be life in the space.3) Inexperienced as he is, he is able to design so complicated a circuit.4) Elasticity is defined as the tendency of a body to return its original state after beingreformed.5) Accurate in operation and high in speed, computers are able to save a lot of time and human labor.6) In this case there is no assurance/guarantee that this circuit is tuned to thatfrequency.7) Over the ten years since this book was published, significant changes have beenseen in electronics.8) To visit these records, all users need to do is launch the browser to pay a visit to thewebsites.9) None of the ordinary windows can withstand so large a force.No ordinary windows can withstand so large a force.10) The distance of the earth from the moon is as great as 240,000 miles.11) It is necessary to determined under what condition it is that this equation is true.12) The most fundamental operation in physics, the process of measurement will bediscussed briefly in this chapter.13) For this series to converge, x must be less than 1.14) Upon substituting these values into/in Eq.(1-5), we have the following result15) Sending a signal from one place to another is what is called transmission.Part two:1. The Atlantic was so dangerous for the Americans to send enough men and war materials across.2. Only if the force is known as a function of time can this integral be evaluated.3. By power is meant the speed, or rate, of doing work.4. (On) Being heated, the air in the bottle expands / will expand.5. The introduction to the ability of the refrigerator to freeze is made.6. This paper describes the properties of and the algorithm for this type of problem.7. The resistance of a conductor depends not only on the material of which the conductor is made, but also on the size and temperature of the conductor.8. Engineers are busy in designing a new type of computer.9. Distance equals speed multiplied by time.10. This is due in part to the fact that earth is not spherical.11. Many of the principles of a receiver apply also to a transmitter.12. The rate at which work is done is referred to as power.(The rate of doing work is referred to as power.)13. This demand is difficult to meet at the temperature of 40℃.14. This is so small a signal that it cannot make transistor Q4 conduct.15. The voltage across the resistor is a few tenths of a volt.Part three:Translation:1）在影像内容的创造和分配方面，这个时代的数字多媒体带来许多优势。
西安电子科技大学09年专业英语阅读考题
西安电子科技大学研究生课程考试试题考试科目: 研究生专业英语阅读课程代码：0821004考试日期：09 年月日考试时间：120 分钟答案请写在答题纸上。
Part one: Sentence Translation from Chinese to English (30%)1.这种现象称为收敛(convergence)，对它的研究构成了现代分析中重要的一章。
2.This phenomen is known as convergence,and its study form animportant chapter in modern analysis.3.二十世纪外太空探索的成就之一是人们意识到了外太空可能存在生命。
4.One of the achievement in outer space exploration in 20th century wasthe awareness that there may be exit life in outer space.5.尽管(as)没有经验，他却能设计出这样一个如此复杂的电路。
6.Inexperience as he is,he can design such a complex circuit.7.弹性(elasticity)被定义为一物体形变(deform)后恢复其原状的趋势(tendency)。
8.Elasticity is defined as the tendency of a body to return its originalstate after being deformed;9.由于计算机运算准确，速度高，它能够为人们节省很多时间和精力。
10.Accuracy in operation and high in speed ,computer can save people alot of time and energy;11.在这种情况下并不能保证(assurance / guarantee)该电路就调谐于(be tuned to)那个频率上。
西安电子科技大学研究生【专业英语】(科技英语)教材参考答案
V、练习参考答案练习1I、1、the（各项均为负。
)2、the; a （功率额定值是电阻器不会引起温度太大的上升而能安全地耗散的最大功率。
）3、an（这是均方根值伏特计。
）4、The; a（该设备的成功设计需要详细地了解性能指标。
）5、the; a; a（在氢原子的布尔模型中，一个电子绕一个质子以半径为R的圆周运转。
）6、the（电阻的单位是欧姆。
）7、an （这是一个h参数。
）8、/; /（图5－1画出了Oersted的实验。
）9、A; a; a（机器是能够传递力来完成某一确定目的的一种设备。
）10、/（水压机将在第14章加以考虑。
）11、the; the [/]（我们容易确定参数μ的值。
）12、/; the（根据式（2－1），我们得到以下的关系式。
）13、the; /（作者工作在位于阿林顿的得克萨斯大学。
）14、an（甚至当积分区间并不是无穷时，能够恰当地显示一个时函数的傅氏变换的仪器是多么重要啊！）II、1.Dr. Emmet graduated from Harvard University in 2001.2.Professor Li earned his Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering Xi’an University ofTechnology in 1988.3.Now we shall turn to the discussion of local area networks.4.5.或is its mass per unit volume.6.An increase in pressure always causes a decrease in volume.7.Fig. (2-5) shows what is expressed by Eq. (2-2).8.III、1.2.Finally, a broad stepped impedance transformer is designed by this method.3.4.5.练习21. This circuit consists of a battery, an inductor and a capacitor.2. Compute the electric fields at points a, b, and c.3. This satellite is used for communications between the United States and Great Britain, France and Italy.5. Chapters 6, 7, and 8 deal with transmission lines.II、1. Its error is six parts in 1012.2. This computer stores four times more information than that one (does).3. The demand for this kind of equipment in the near future will be 20 times what it is.4. The voltage across this component is a few tenths of a volt.5. Now its internal pressure is one third what it was.III、2. Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that silicon transistors are used I CBO can be neglected.4. Figs. 1, 2, and 3 show this process in detail.练习3I、1. This new type of computer has many advantages over the general type.2. It is not difficult to solve this differential equation for the unknown quantity.3. Of these five new chapters, the first one deals with the basic principles of negative feedback.4. At this point/time, current differs in phase from voltage by 90o.5. By analyzing [By the analysis of] the parameters of the instrument, we can understand its performance.6. We will find out its average velocity over this distance.7. The science of electronics is too important in the world today.8. They solved this problem with great difficulty.II、1. For x＞1, there is no solution to this equation [this equation has no solution].2. Upon [On] substituting [substitution of] these values into [in] theequation, we obtained the following expression..3. This circuit is similar in operation to that of Fig. 1-10.4. This computer is very good in performance.5. These waves travel only in one direction.th of October.4. V6. Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that silicon transistors are used I CBO can be neglected.7.练习4I、1. The force acts perpendicular to the surface of the table.2. The three coefficients here remains to be determined.3. The two equations below will be often (frequently) used in later chapters/in the chapters which follow.4. Here we use two metal balls 10 cm apart.5. The output remains/stays constant/unchanged/fixed/unaltered/the same.6. All the textbooks available discuss this problem.7. Accurate in operation and high in speed, computers have found wide applications.8. The answer to this problem looks correct.9. Two parallel wires a distance (of)δapart carry the current i.10. The problem now is how to measure the voltage across this component.11. These data will be sent to the computing center 2 kilometers away.12. Upon rearranging the equation above, we have [get, obtain] the following expression.13. These charges can interact with other charges present.14. Forces can be transmitted without contact, contrary to the common belief.15. This coefficient is typically 0.35.II、1. In this case, the input does not fall; nor [neither] does the output. […; the output does not fall, either.]but also on the size and temperature of the conductor.练习5I、k has the same unit as work (does).II、electrical engineering.III、R o.6. We must take the effect of temperature on [upon] semiconductors intoaccount.7. In this case, the variation of output with input is very small.8. This curve shows the dependence of distance on/upon speed.IV、练习6I、1. This image, it will be noticed, is a real image.2. This technical problem, we hope, will be solved soon.3. 210 is approximately 1000, a fact that we think is very useful in the study of digital electronics.4. A resistor of say 100 ohms should be used here.II、radars.III、1. In Section 1-2, the concept of force was introduced.2. As early as the 1940s, it was found that semiconductors are very useful.3. This result can also be arrived at in another way.4. At that time no use was made of this phenomenon/…, thisphenomenon was made no use of.5. This point will be dealt with in the next section.IV、1. This computer works than that one (does)/This computer is much better in performance than that one (is)..4. The greater the resistance, the longer time it takes for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage/…, the longer time is required for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage.)5. The current as small as 0.1 A cannot produce enough heat.V、或：We can determine the weight of the body easily.6. The results obtained values. […are in agreement with the experimental values.]练习7I、1. It will take a few months to design this kind of aircraft with the help of a computer.2. It is left as a problem to [for] the reader to show that this expression holds.3. The program to be executed is stored in this unit.4. This valley acts as the foundation on which to build the dam.5. In this laboratory there are many kinds of instrument for students to choose from.6. Let t0 equal/be equal to zero.7. The farther away the target (is), the longer time it takes for the echo to return.8. For the series to converge, x must be less than 1.9. We find this concept very difficult to understand.10. This method makes it much easier to detect targets.11. This factor will affect the ability of a computer to store information.12. We have to find out how large to make r so as for the series to converge.13. This is a pen to draw pictures with.14. Elasticity is the tendency of a body to return to its original condition after being deformed.15. Ordinary matter is said to be electrically neutral.16.This property makes it possible for metals to be made into any shape.17. This table is unfit for a student to do experiments on.18. Now we consider what path of integration to take.II、of impurities to练习8I、1. The amplifier amplifies the received signals.2. Moving molecules have kinetic energy.3. Speed equals distance divided by time.4. V oltage equals/is equal to current multiplied by resistance.5. The resistance of air increases with the increased/increasing/an increase in speed.8. This book, properly used, will be of great help to the reader.9. Flowing through a circuit, the current will lose part of its energy.10. Given/Knowing time and speed, we/one can find out distance.11. Having studied this chapter, the student will understand/will have understood the principle of a computer.12. The speed of light being extremely great, we cannot measure it by ordinary methods.13. Several comsats were launched, all of them (being) high-altitude satellites.14. Called “the mother of all networks,” the Internet is a widely used international network.15. This force can be resolved into two components, one (being) horizontal and the other vertical.II、1.Let us construct/draw a circle with the origin as the center and ofradius R.2.This parameter should be measured with E grounded.3. With no resistance in the circuit, the current will increase indefinitely.4. With this in view, we have written this book.5. This paper introduces a new design method/technique, with emphasis on its principle.III、1.Let us consider designing a computer.2.We refer to these components as being passive.3.This involves taking the Fourier transform.4.On/Upon rearranging the above equations, we obtain the following setof equations.5.In using this equation, it does not matter which plane is considered asIV、1.2.3.4.5.练习9I、1. The problem was not solved until a completely different method was introduced.2. Nearly 100 years passed before the existence/presence of subatomic particles was confirmed by experiment/experimentally.3. The year this device was invented, World War II broke out.4. Small as they are, atoms are made up of still smaller particles.II、1. The relation that voltage is the product of current and resistance applies to all the dc circuits.2. The discovery that magnetism can produce current is extremely important in the field of electricity.3. An equation is an algebraic statement that two algebraic expressions are equal.4. There is evidence that no life exists on the moon.5. The question now arises whether the algorithm is of practical use.6. In this case there is no guarantee that the series is convergent.7. There is a growing/increasing awareness that these techniques/methods are very useful.8. One of/Among the most noteworthy achievements at that time was the realization that light consists of electromagnetic waves.10. Besides/In addition that the properties of the material should be included in the analytical model, we must take other factors into account.III、1.These features make it difficult for electronic counter-measure systemsto intercept, analyze and jam this kind of signals.2. The existence of and the ability to control these phenomena make those devices possible.3. The variation of/in the number of the filter’s teeth has a greater effect on the performance of its passband than the variation of/in its dimensions.4. Scalar detection will result in the loss of some phase information.5. Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of measuring scatter parameters by the natural parameter transformation method.练习10I、1. Now it remains to be determined when the series converges.2. It is clear from Dubamel’s Theorem that this limit exists.3. It follows from Maxwell’s hypothesis that whenever there is a change in an electric field, a magnetic field is produced.4. It does not matter whether the magnet is moved in this case.5. Temperature determines in what direction the transfer of heat will take place.6. It is now a well-known fact that all matter consists of tiny particles.II、1. What a generator does is (to) change mechanical energy into electrical energy.2. What this chapter describes/What is described in this chapter is of great importance.3. Matter is what can occupy space.6. Magnitude, direction, and place of application are what we call the three elements of a force.7. These numbers constitute what is known as the real number system.8. In what follows, we shall acquaint ourselves with some basic concepts.III、1. An x-band wave-guide test system is shown in Fig.7. [或：Fig. 7 shows …].2. This method lowers the requirement for the hardware of a samplenetwork.3. On the basis of the above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial, a novel configuration results. [或：The above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial results in a novel configuration.]4. Finally, an analysis of packet loss probability is made by computer simulation.5. The sparse ratio of the resulting impedance matrix is as high as 40%.练习11I、1. The meter (that/which) we use to measure the voltage across a resistor is called a voltmeter.2. Computers are the most efficient assistants (that) man has ever had.3. Now this disease is no longer the serious problem (that) it once was.4. Radar can measure the time (that) it takes for the radio echo to return.5. We must calculate the distance (that/through which) the body is lifted.6. The direction (that/in which) a body moves is also very important.7. The number of times (that/by which) this particle vibrates per/a second is called/termed/named/known as/spoken of as/referred to as frequency.8. We equate these two ratios, from which the simplest formula follows/results.9. It is necessary to determine the time when/that/at which the y-component has decreased to zero.10.. The curve the y-coordinate of each point on which is zero is just the x-axis.II、1. The point at which the circle cuts the axis of reals is where α= ω.2. The force of gravity means the force with which the earth attracts a body.3. The surface of a picture tube upon which the electrons produce the picture is called the screen.4. The author would like to express thanks to the editors of the series of which this book is a part/to which this book belongs.5. This is a parallelogram of which the two given vectors are/form sides.6. The pressure is equal to the total force divided by the area over which it is exerted.7. The two elements of which water consists are hydrogen and oxygen.8. This depends on the efficiency with which electrons are produced.III、1. As the title indicates, this chapter will discuss nonlinear equations.2. As the name shows, a fluid is a substance which flows readily.3. This single force produces the same effect as is produced by those forces together.4. Now we are able to solve such differential equations as occur in physics.5. This function can be accomplished by using the full adder as was described in the previous section.6. These concepts enable us to understand a wide range of phenomena in electrostatics, or “static electricity,” as it is called.7. This current is, as predicted, very small,8. First let us consider the simplest circuit as shown on page 2.IV、1. This is a slightly higher value than we predicted.2. This reactor can produce more fuel than it consumes.3. Let us consider the case when the torque is zero.4. We must determine the values of currents and voltages after the switch closes.5. During the ten years since this book was first published, significant changes have taken place/have been seen in metal-making.V、of voice service.2. This paper presents a an 8098 microcontroller to series-communicate with a 386 personal computer.analysis is made of the effect of equalization parameters on equalization performance.]4. Each receiver channel in Fig. 1 contains an RF a an IF amplifier, an A/Detc.”的黑点重合在一起了）5. The larger the abnormal extent (is), the larger is the residual mismatch, with the curve going up.练习12I、1. be grounded;2. be carried;3. be raised;4. be;5. not try;6. be; be satisfied;7. be;8. be; was; have;10. were concentrated; 11. had been; 12. were moving; 13. is going to rain; 14. be; 15. leakII、1. Should anything abnormal happen, switch/turn off the power supply at once/immediately.2. Had electronic computers not been used, it would have taken them a long time to solve this problem.3. It is very important that all solutions (should) be checked in the original equation.6. We could also have used Theorem (6) to derive the result.7. The requirement that energy (should) be conserved must be satisfied.8. Everything here, be it a component or a device, is home-made.III、1. It was this scientist who/that discovered this phenomenon a century ago.medium.4. It is not clear yet under what conditions it is that this formula can be used.5. This property we call inertia.IV、1. The author is engaged in the teachingand recognition.2. Let P and Q be two Boolean permutations of the same order, and then their composition is a new Boolean permutation.3. Three algorithms are presented, which can remarkably reduce the time to raise the pen, thus raising the drawing efficiency.4. What this paper describes is of great interest to communications engineers.5. The minimum entropy technique for estimating the Doppler frequency rate is presented, which has the advantages over the classical techniques of high accuracy and a small amount of computation.练习13II、1. By electromagnetic force is meant the potential difference across the battery when there is no flow of current.2. In the table below/which follows are listed various parameters of familiar computers.3. An element cannot be decomposed, nor can it be broken up by chemical methods.4. Only when x = 8, does this equation hold/apply.5. Of particular importance/Especially important are the two concepts which follow.6. Such a set we call the mathematical system.7. Rarely does one know this function with precision.8. This interrelationship between electric and magnetic fields makes possible such things as the electromagnet and the electric motor.9. Not until 1818 was the diffraction of light interpreted/explained.10. By no means do electrons move from the positive terminal to the negative terminal in a wire.II、1. The effect of air resistance is discussed in Chapter 15, and the decrease in acceleration with altitude in Chapter 17.2. It is necessary to determine the charge on and the voltage across this capacitor.3. In this case, no standard is needed, but only a numerical convention.4. This voltage is greater than or equal to 0.4 volts.5. The cathode, when heated, emits electrons.6. Every body, whether accelerated or not, is considered (to be) in equilibrium.7. If necessary, the wire will be covered with some insulation.8. The transistor has its materials arranged p-n-p, hence the name pnp transistor.III、1. An initial analysis is made of the performance of the device.2. The magnetic field is the space around a magnet occupied by the magnetic lines of force.3. This leads to the battery voltage in the model of 500 mV.4. This graph shows the variation with frequency of the resistance of the resistor.5. This is responsible for the direct return to the atmosphere of more than half the water that falls on the land.6. The question now arises how these unknowns can be determined.7. It is necessary to determine the effect on the device of changing the ambient temperature.8. The assumption has been made that the pressure always remains constant during the test.IV、1. The simulation results show that both the schemes are easy to implement.2. The model and algorithm proposed in this paper are to a certain degree/extent superior in performance to the conventional BP algorithm.3. A new technique for estimating the frequency deviation is proposed which gives a high accuracy and requires a small amount of computation.4. Improvement of the accuracy of range alignment in ISAR imaging (by) using the super resolution technique5. Research on and the realization of DTMF in a Cipher Coder6. Analysis of the ability of a quartz flexibility accelerometer to resist bad environment练习14I、1.then; Next2.while3.of course4.However5.In general; while6.Hence7.In fact8.For instance9.but; However; namely [that is]10.InsteadII、It has been observed that bodies do not change their state of rest or motion until some other body forces them to do it. It is known form experiment that a body at rest tends to stay at rest unless a force is applied to make it move. A book lying on a table stays there unless a force is applied to move it. It is also known that any body, once (it is) in motion, will continue to move because of its inertia. To stop it a force must be applied by any other body.III、1. An analysis of the EMI spectrum at the input of the SMPS and its suppression2. Also, a quantitative expression for the effect of all these factors on the performance of the system3. This device can detect whether an IC functions properly or not/can detect the quality of an IC and4. In this way, the area of an antenna site may be reduced to one-third that of the conventional one.5. H and H’练习15I、Semiconductors are a substance whose conductivity lies/comes/is between that of conductors and that of non-conductors. Common examples are silicon and germanium./Silicon and germanium are intheir conductivity. Therefore/Thus/So/As a result, semiconductors are widely used for automaticallyII、ξ1 andη3.3. The features of this new algorithm are simplicity and objectivity.4. It deserves to be further studied which nonlinear function should be selected.5. The test of the system was conducted at a factory in Hong Kong with satisfactory results.练习16I、1．This paper presents a new temperature-measuring method, with emphasis on its basic principles.2. This point remains to be further studied.3. In the previous section, we dealt with the composition of a computer.4. It follows from this experiment that volume is inversely proportional to pressure.5. This statement has been verified.II、1. This new method has many advantages over those available/over the existing ones.2. The variation of pressure with temperature is obvious.3. We can determine the response of the device to frequency.4. This paper deals with the effect/influence/impact of EM waves on/upon human bodies.5. This paper presents initial researches on fluids.III、1. Two other parameters are also very important.2. This section introduces four additional/added kinds of instrument.3. A robot is a special kind of electronic device.4. We shall adopt a new set of parameters here.5. This technology has reached the advanced world level.6. Major theoretical developments in the 20th century are presented in this paper.IV、1. This cable has an approximate length of 20 meters/a length of approximately 20 meters.2. These pipes have an average length of slightly/a little/a bit under/less than 5 meters.3. Light has a speed through water of 224 million meters per second.4. Any other sea does not have as high a salt content as the Dead Sea (does).5. This force has a torque arm of zero.6. These forms have the advantage that it is easy to see how the results are affected by changing the angles.V、1. some distilled water2. the unknown substances3. man-made satellites4. amplitude-modulated signals5. chromium-plated steel6. the new racing cars7. freely falling bodies8. blue-lined paper9. an acute-angled triangle10. a wide-toothed sawVI、1. This method requires a much smaller amount of computation than that one (does).2. This device consumes much less energy that that one (does).3. We should use as simple a structure as possible.4. We have obtained satisfactory/satisfying results.5. Body A possesses more potential energy than body B.6. This fluorescent screen displays clearer pictures than that one.VII、1. …… because of fairly low conductivity of the skin.2. At temperatures greater than 80o C, …….3. At/For/With constant pressure, …….4. At/On/After the completion of all tests on the unit, …….5. For/With small values of ω, ……VIII、1. Operation beyond this hyperbola will result in diode power dissipation in excess of its maximum rating of 1W.2. Inclusion of the meter circuit in the feedback path minimizes the effects of diode nonlinearities on circuit performance.3. Differentiation of this equation gives the following expression.4. A temperature rise of 50o C/A rise in/of temperature by 50o C would damage the device.5. The large size of the resistor makes it possible to neglect it.6. Limited space allows only a brief discussion of quartz-crystal technology.IX、1. This fraction is rationalized by multiplying the numerator and denominator by the complex conjugate.2. The addition of two complex numbers is accomplished by separately adding the real and imaginary parts.3. The/Its solution is accomplished by first finding out I1.4. These three parameters are related by the following equation.5. V is related to t by Eq. (1–1).X、This paper presents a new design method, with emphasis on the guidelines of thought for its derivation. It has many advantages over those available [the existing ones]. Finally [Lastly], Its application is illustrated with an example.XI、1. Fig. 3 shows a transmission line with a length of I and a characteristic impedance of 500 Ω.2. Although there are many ways to produce random numbers, the procedure for producing them is quite complicated.3. As is known, when one reads a Chinese character, he or she does not consider every detail in it.4. The Hash algorithm is a scheme by which data of any length can be compressed into data of a fixed length.5. The number of times this value occurs in the observations is given in the first column.练习17I、1. （略）2. David J. Minot attended the University of California, Berkeley, CA. from 1994 – 1998. He earned the BS degree in botany there in 1998, and the M. Eng. Degree in electrical engineering from the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada in 2000. Since 2004 he has been working towards the Ph.D. degree in computer science at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.In 1998 he served as a teaching assistant at the University of California. From 2000 to 2001 he was with the Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania. His research interests concentrate on the development of software.II、This device can identify whether an IC functions properly or not and it can determine the type of an unknown chip. It can test as many as more than 700 kinds of IC. It is characterized by easy operation, high testing speed and great portability. Its price is only about one-third that of the imported product of its kind/the same kind.III、1. It is important how the transmitting antenna pattern is determined./What is important is how to determine the transmitting antenna pattern.2. δandδe can be obtained from Eqs. (3) and (4).3. There are two factors controlling the diffusive signal process: (1) the diffusive signal, which can bea brightness signal or a motion-matching signal; (2) the position of the diffusive signal, which determines where the diffusive process starts.4. The following concept is one of the basic principles on which the neural system is based.5. A method to increase the accuracy of range alignment by applying the forward-backward linear prediction is presented.练习18I、1. Frequency is defined as the rate at which something occurs./By frequency is meant the rate at which something happens.2. A thermometer is an instrument for measuring temperature.3. Elasticity is defined as the tendency of an object to return to its original state after being deformed./By elasticity is meant the tendency ….4. An isosceles triangle is a triangle/one having two equal sides/having two sides equal in length/with two sides equal in length.5. An electron is a particle with a mass of 9.107×10– 18 gram.II、The wavelet theory has so unique an advantage that it has found wide applications in many fields of engineering. Since this is the development and improvement of the Fourier analysis, it can, in principle, be used [A development and improvement of the Fourier analysis, this theory can, in principle, be used] where the traditional Fourier analysis is applicable. What is more, better results may be obtained on account of the fact that this theory overcomes the shortcomings of the Fourier analysis.III、1. This method imposes few limitations on the kinds of engineering drawings.2. Because of the great difference in characteristic between these symbols, they are processed in different ways.3. For these reasons, it is desirable for a computer to separate the text from the image.4. These variations are so small that they can be neglected/so small as to be neglected.。
西安电子科技大学入学考试英语专1
【英语】入学考试模拟试题一1、close(I)、 When someone gives you a present, it is very (1)______ to neglect to thank him for it. If it is given to you personally, you may thank him right away, though a note of thanks or a(n) (2)______ reference to the gift in a later letter always gives pleasure. If the gift is sent to you, you should write a letter of (3)______ at once. Try to thank of the things you like about the gift and mention (4)______ in the letter.Polite (5)______ in China demand that a person stand up when anyone enters a room or when anyone hands him something. In the West people do not stand up nearly so frequently. When you are (6)______ a cup of tea or something to eat, for example, it is not correct to rise or even to make a slight rising movement. Remain seated and receive it with a slight (7)______ of the head and a smile and say, "Thank you."If you are a man you must rise (8)______ feet when a lady comes up but not otherwise. A lady rises only when she is (9)______ to the host or to the guest of honor, or to a considerably older woman, not otherwise.In China we use two hands when giving something to a person, or when receiving it, if we want to be very (10)______.1.A. polite B. thoughtful C. impolite D. attentive2.A. slight B. uneasy C. excessive D. appreciative3.A. thanks B. reply C. answers D. attitude4.A. them B. thank C. it D. kindness5.A. tastes B. manners C. circumstances D. habits6.A. introduced B. offered C. asked D. suggested7.A. inclination B. affection C. intention D. attention8.A. to B. from C. up D. at9. A. called B. introduced C. suggested D. asked10.A. careful B. polite C. graceful D. civilized答案： CDACB BAABB(II)、 Many men tried to fly like birds. They made wings for themselves, usually of feather and tried to fly (1)______ moving their arms as a bird (2)______ None of them was successful.A bird has a very light body but very strong wing muscles. A man on the contrary has a(3)______ body and not very strong arm muscles. A man will never fly like a bird. His muscles are not (4)______. He can only fly properly in a plane with an engine. There is a kind of plane that doesn't have an engine. It (5)______ a glider. It's pulled into the air, rather like (6)______ a kite. If there is a good wind, it can (7)______ into the air and sometimes cover long distances. Some men didn’t find sitting in a glider (8)______. They wanted to glide by (9)______ wings, like the "bird men" of old time. But the wings of the modern "bird men" were different. They were straight and strong. They weren’t (10)______ feathers.1. A. by B. through C. with D. in2. A. moves B. does C. has D. looks3. A. strong B. light C. heavy D. big4. A. strong enough B. enough strongC. light enoughD. hard enough5. A. is spoken B. is said C. is called D. is named6. A. fly B. flying C. to fly D. putting7. A. rise B. raise C. run D. rush8. A. so excited B. too excitedC. exciting enoughD. very excited9. A. being B. doing C. having on D. wearing10. A. made from B. made into C. made of D. make of答案： ABCAC BDADC2、Reading Comprehension(1)、Ben was a poor man with a large family. One morning, waking up very early from cold and hunger, he decided to go shooting in a wood near his home. The wood belonged to a rich gentleman, and Ben had no right to go there. But, in the wood there were lots of rabbits and birds that were good to eat, and Ben determined to take the risk. Suddenly he saw the owner, with a group of friends, coming towards him in the woo d there was a look of anger on the rich man's face as he saw the gun in Ben's hands.Ben's heart sank with fear, but he saw there was no hope of escape, so he walked boldly up to these people and said to the gentleman, "good morning, sir, and what has brought you out so early this morning?" the rich man, rather surprised, said he and his friends were taking a little exercise to get an appetite for their breakfast. Then, looking at Ben with suspicion (怀疑), he said, “but why are you so early in the morning? Well, sir,” said Ben, “I just come out to see if i could get a breakfast for my appetite." the whole crowd burst into laughter at Ben's ready wit, and with a smile the rich man walked on. Leaving Ben to try his luck with the rabbits.1. This is a story about ______.A. a rich man who owned a big woodB. a poor man who lived all by himselfC. a clever man who tried to get something to eat for his breakfastD. a hunter with a large family2. One morning Ben went to a wood ______.A. to get a little exerciseB. to take in some fresh airC. hoping to get something to eatD. to visit the rich owner3. There was a look of anger on the rich man's face. Why?A. he was not expecting Ben at this early hour.B. he knew Ben was there hunting.C. he didn't like the poor man at all.D. Ben had not told him he would come.4. Why was the rich man surprised?A. he had not expected such a bold question from Ben.B. he wondered why Ben didn't run away.C. Ben wasn't afraid of him.D. Ben had a gun in his hands.5. Ben's ______ made the whole crowd burst into laughter.A. funny looks。
西安电子科技大学 西电 网络大专 英语(一)下
西安电子科技大学网络与继续教育学院《英语（一）（下）》期末考试试题Ⅰ.交际与对话(每题3分，共15分)此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。
1.—________.—I have a burning stomachache.A.Have you had your lunch?B. What’s the trouble?C. What are you doing?D. How happy you are!答案：B解析：英语医生询问病人用语。
2. —Could you post the letter for me, please?—_________________A. With pleasure.B. No, I couldn’tC. Yes, I could.D. Not at all.答案：A解析：请求别人帮忙，人家会说“很乐意”。
英语习惯表达法。
3. — Would you like to order now?—_________________A. I’m full now.B. Thank you. It’s very kind of you.C. But the price is high.D. Yes, I’d like soup and the fish.答案：D解析：服务员要求客人点菜。
4. —I’d like to book a flight to Shanghai, please.—_________________A. Yes, sir, single or return?B. Do you mind if I said no?C. No, of course not.D. You can’t. We are busy.答案：A解析：预订航班，所以问单程票抑或来回票。
5. —Could I use your computer tonight?—_________________. I’m not using it right now.A. I don’t know.B. Who cares?C. It doesn’t matter.D. Sure, go ahead.答案：D解析：表示同意。
西安电子科技大学网络教育高起点《大学英语》入学测试模拟题及答案11
西安电子科技大学网络教育高起点《大学英语》入学测试模拟题及答案11 Reading Comprehension：(1)、A grown-up person has ten or eleven pints (品脱) of blood inside his or her body. We can lose a pint of blood without feeling anything, but if we lose a great deal of blood, we feel weak and cold our face be comes pale. We may die.This is what often happens when somebody is hurt in an accident, or a soldier is wounded in a battle. Many people used to die in this way. But nowadays they can be taken to hospital and given more blood almost at once they feel better. Their faces are no longer pale. They do not die.Where does this blood come from? People who are healthy give some blood so that it can be used in this way. Every three months they go to a place where blood is collected a special kind of needle is put into the arm. It does not hurt. The blood runs through the needle and through a rubber tube into a bottle. A pint of blood is taken in this way. Then the person who has given the blood drinks a cup of tea or coffee. He sits down for a few minutes. Then he feels quite well and goes off. Three months later he comes back and gives another pint.A person who gives blood in this way feels happy. He knows that his blood will be used to save someones life. Perhaps one day he himself will need bloodwhen you are older, you may decide to give blood in this way. But you cannot do this until you are eighteen.1. There are ______ in the body of a grown up.A. ten pints of bloodB. ten or eleven pints of bloodC. ten and eleven pints of bloodD. more than ten pints of blood2. When people who have lost a lot of blood ______, they feel better very quickly.A. are given more bloodB. are given good treatmentC. are taken good care ofD. are given a long rest3. When someone gives blood, the blood is collected ______.A. in a rubber tubeB. in a glass bottleC. through a deviceD. through a special kind of needle4. A person who has given blood can give blood again______.A. after sixty daysB. every three weeksC. after three monthsD. more than three months5. A person cannot give blood if he is ______.A. twentyB. a studentC. no more than eighteenD. strong enough答案：BADCC推荐：西安电子科技大学网络教育入学测试模拟题及答案汇总各院校2019年秋季网络教育录取查询入口汇总。
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1这个设备消耗(consume)的能量比那个少得多。
（使用“设备”做主语的主谓宾结构）This device consumes much less energy than that one.
2这条曲线画出了该电路的电流随外加电压的变化情况。
（名词短语）
The curve draws the variation of the current in the circuit with the applied voltage.
3空气吸收水蒸气(water vapor)的能力随空气温度的上升而提高。
（不定式）
The ability of air to absorb water vapor enhances with the rise of air temperature.
4本文介绍了一种新的测温方法，重点放在其基本原理上。
（with结构）
This paper introduces a new method of measuring temperature, w ith emphasis on its basic principle.
5频率被定义为某事发生的速率。
（定语从句）
By frequency is meant the rate that something happens.
6物体越热，其辐射(radiate) 的能量就越多，这一理论极为重要。
（同位语从句）The hotter the object, the more energy it radiates, an important theory.
7英特网( Internet) 被叫做“一切网络之母”，它是连接200多个国家的一个国际网。
（分词短语）
Called "the mother of all networks", the Internet is an international network connecting to more than 200 countries.
8 在使用这个公式时，把哪一个平面(plane)看成1是没有关系的。
（动名词短语）
In using this equation, it does not matter which plane is considered as 1.
9 实际方向与假设的方向相反。
（what从句）
This direction is opposite to what has been assumed.
10 由于计算机运算精确、速度快，所以能为人类节省大量时间和劳力。
（形容词短语）Accurate in operation and high in speed, computers are able to save a lot of time and human labor. Ⅱ
因特网的一个重要应用是计算机用户间利用电子函件相互通信。
电子函件使用户可以用电子手段传递和接收消息、文本和数据。
电子函件的功能非常类似于邮箱：无论接收者是否在网络上，用户都可以向他发送消息，该消息被保存起来，同时向接收者发送一个信号表明有一个消息在等待处理。
电子函件传送消息已经
代替了电话。
用户可以在方便的时候再去对它作出反应，而不会被打扰，并可以在屏幕上显示消息或把它打印出来。
Ⅲ
1这种材料很难加工。
This material is very difficult to be machined.
This material is very difficult to machine.
2这是由于在PN结两端存在一个电容之故。
This is due to that there is a capacitance across the PN junction.
This is due to the fact that there is a capacitance across the PN junction.
3 假设该天线是垂直的，且其损耗为零。
It is assumed that the antenna is vertical and its losses are zero.
It is assumed that the antenna is vertical and that its losses are zero. /We assume that the antenna is vertical and that its loss is zero.
4下面这个概念是神经系统所基于的基本原理之一。
The following concept is one of basic principles based by the neural system.
The following concept is one of the basic principles based on the neural system.
5 功等于力乘以距离。
Work equals to force multiplying distance.
Work equals force multiplied by/ times distance.
Work is equal to force multiplied by / times distance.
6在这种情况下输出保持不变。
In this case, output keeps constant.
In this case, the output remains/stays constant /unchanged/fixed/unaltered/the same.
7 该电阻的电流为零点几安培。
The current in the resistor is zero point several ampere.
The current of the resistor is several tenths of an ampere.
8 这个物体比那个物体重4倍.
This object is four times heavy than that one is.
This object is over five times heavier than that one is.
9电阻是用欧姆来度量的。
Resistance is measured with ohm.
Resistance is measured in ohms.
10这里的任何学生均不会解这种特殊的方程。
Any student here cannot solve this kind of special equation.
None of student here can solve this special kind of equation.
11本文提出了雷达目标的一种新的识别方法.
This paper presents a new kind of recognition method of radar target.
This paper presents a new method for recognition of radar target.
12作者现在从事于计算机视觉、图像处理和识别.
The author engages in the teaching and research of computer vision, image processing and recognition.
The author is engaged in the teaching of and the research on computer vision, and image processing and recognition.
13不仅温度和光影响导电率，而且给半导体加杂质也会使导电率变化很大.
Not only temperature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities to semiconductors also make it to change greatly.
Not only do temperature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities to semiconductors also makes it change greatly.
14这种新算法的特点是简单而客观。
The feature of this new algorithm a simple and objective.
The features of this new algorithm are simple and objective.
15 在11-13页上，作者描述了自从20世纪90年代以来电子学方面我们所取得的成就。