中国小毛瓢虫属三新种记述(鞘翅目瓢虫科)(英文)
昆虫名录
昆虫名录玉米害虫及其危害特征1、玉米螟：成虫黄褐色，雄蛾体长10－13毫米，翅展20－30毫米，体背黄褐色，腹末较瘦尖，触角丝状，灰褐色，前翅黄褐色，有两条褐色波状横纹，两纹之间有两条黄褐色短纹，后翅灰褐色；雌蛾形态与雄蛾相似，色较浅，前翅鲜黄，线纹浅褐色，后翅淡黄褐色，腹部较肥胖。
卵，扁平椭圆形，数粒至数十粒组成卵块，呈鱼鳞状排列，初为乳白色，渐变为黄白色，孵化前卵的一部分为黑褐色（为幼虫头部，称黑头期）。
老熟幼虫，体长25毫米左右，圆筒形，头黑褐色，背部颜色有浅褐、深褐、灰黄等多种，中、后胸背面各有毛瘤4个，腹部1~8节背面有两排毛瘤前后各两个。
蛹，长15~18毫米，黄褐色，长纺锤形，尾端有刺毛5~8根。
危害特征：幼虫孵出后，先聚集在一起，然后在植株幼嫩部分爬行，开始危害。
初孵幼虫，能吐丝下垂，借风力飘迁邻株，形成转株危害。
幼虫多为五龄，三龄前主要集中在幼嫩心叶、雄穗、苞叶和花丝上活动取食，被害心叶展开后，即呈现许多横排小孔；四龄以后，大部分钻入茎秆。
玉米螟的危害，主要是因为叶片被幼虫咬食后，会降低其光合效率；雄穗被蛀，常易折断，影响授粉；苞叶、花丝被蛀食，会造成缺粒和秕粒；茎秆、穗柄、穗轴被蛀食后，形成隧道，破坏植株内水分、养分的输送，使茎秆倒折率增加，籽粒产量下降。
玉米螟适合在高温、高湿条件下发育，冬季气温较高，天敌寄生量少，有利于玉米螟的繁殖，危害较重；卵期干旱，玉米叶片卷曲，卵块易从叶背面脱落而死亡，危害也较轻。
2、黏虫危害特征：以幼虫取食为害。
食性很杂，尤其喜食禾本科植物。
咬食叶组织，形成缺刻，大发生时常将叶片全部吃光，仅剩光杆，抽出的麦穗、玉米穗亦能被咬断。
食料缺乏时，成群迁移，老熟后，停止取食。
3、玉米蚜危害特征：玉米抽雄前，一直群集于心叶里繁殖为害，抽雄后扩散至雄穗、雌穗上繁殖为害，扬花期是玉米蚜繁殖为害的最有利时期，故防治适期应在玉米抽雄前。
适温高湿，即旬平均气温23℃左右，相对湿度85％以上，玉米正值抽雄扬花期时，最适于玉米蚜的增殖为害，随着玉米雄穗逐渐抽出，大量成、若蚜集中于雄穗苞内，有的单穗有蚜几百头至上千头，蚜量多时成堆，布满各个分枝，称为“黑穗”，严重时，自果穗以上所有叶片、叶鞘及果穗苞内、外，遍布蚜虫，称“黑株”。
龟瓢虫（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）线粒体基因组全序列测定与分析
·1317·龟瓢虫（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）线粒体基因组全序列测定与分析张永科1，2，张利娟3，卢迎春4，何霞红1，5，张宏瑞1*（1云南农业大学植物保护学院，云南昆明650201；2云南省热带作物科学研究所，云南景洪666100；3河南农业大学植物保护学院，河南郑州450002；4云南农业大学继续教育学院，云南昆明650201；5西南林业大学/西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室，云南昆明650224）摘要：【目的】明确龟瓢虫［Epiverta chelonia（Mader，1933）］线粒体基因组结构特征，分析其系统发育关系，为龟瓢虫的起源、分化和遗传多样性研究提供数据支持。
【方法】利用Illumina二代测序技术测定龟瓢虫线粒体基因组，对基因组序列进行注释和分析；基于瓢虫科（Coccinellidae）3亚科［食植瓢虫亚科（Epilachninae）、瓢虫亚科（Coccinelli-nae）和小毛瓢虫亚科（Scymninae）］11种昆虫的线粒体基因组13个蛋白编码基因（Protein-coding genes，PCGs），采用最大似然法和贝叶斯法构建系统发育进化树。
【结果】龟瓢虫线粒体基因组全长17347bp，包含37个基因（13个PCGs、22个tRNA基因和2个rRNA基因）和1个非编码的控制区，基因重叠区域共11处，间隔区域共9处。
基因组拥有鞘翅目昆虫典型线粒体基因组的基因组成和排列顺序，AT含量为75.77%，表现明显的AT偏向性。
13个PCGs中除cox1基因以TTG为起始密码子外，其余均以ATN为起始密码子；nad1和nad3基因以TAG为终止密码子，其余11个基因以TAA为终止密码子。
除trnS1基因外，其余21个tRNA的二级结构均为典型的三叶草结构，二级结构中出现少量的G-U碱基错配现象。
系统发育进化分析结果表明，龟瓢虫与苜蓿瓢虫（Subcoccinella vigintiquatuorpunctata）处于同一分支上。
2018—2021年云南楚雄地区云南红梨等作物上瓢虫数据集
2018—2021年云南楚雄地区云南红梨等作物上瓢虫数据集张文明;黄传涛;孙永海;侯开雄;鲁敏;王文静;飞从志【期刊名称】《农业大数据学报》【年(卷),期】2022(4)4【摘要】云南省地处低纬高原,拥有丰富的生物多样性,堪称世界生物的标本库。
楚雄州地处滇中腹地,位于滇南热区和滇西北高寒区生物交汇带,气候类型独特,囊括了从寒温带到热带7个农业气候类型,农业资源丰富,生物多样性程度高,优异天敌资源的储备富足。
瓢虫作为云南地区重要天敌资源之一,在害虫生物防治领域有着巨大潜力。
目前对楚雄农田环境中瓢虫等天敌资源的调查报道较少。
文章研究从2018年起,连续4年对当地红梨园中的瓢虫发生情况进行监测,同时记录生境情况。
通过人工调查与马来氏网收集昆虫相结合的方法,收集鉴定瓢虫共16个属30多个种。
文章数据集提供了地方瓢虫资源的基础数据,为分析当地瓢虫的多样性、种群动态和发生规律提供依据,为有效利用当地农田天敌瓢虫的资源提供了支持。
【总页数】7页(P87-93)【作者】张文明;黄传涛;孙永海;侯开雄;鲁敏;王文静;飞从志【作者单位】云南省楚雄彝族自治州农业科学院;中国农业科学院植物保护研究所;云南省楚雄彝族自治州气象局;云南省楚雄彝族自治州乡村产业发展中心【正文语种】中文【中图分类】S476【相关文献】1.考察当今云南红河彝族地区农作物的种植情况——云南红河彝族自治州田野调查报告2.六西格玛质量流程管理技术在云南红梨商品化生产上的应用3.云南丽江地区华山松上瓢虫种类记述(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)(英文)4.2018—2020年湖北省鄂东地区茶树上瓢虫、蜘蛛数据集5.2018—2020年河北省衡水地区瓢虫等天敌数据集因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
湖北省武当山食植瓢虫属一新种(鞘翅目：瓢虫科)
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中国茶园瓢甲科昆虫名录
中国茶园瓢甲科昆虫名录作者：高宇陈成聪苏亮边磊徐梦蕾来源：《农业与技术》2018年第15期摘要：瓢虫是茶园中最常见和重要的天敌类群之一，除了极少数为植食性和菌食性，大多数种类为捕食性。
捕食性瓢虫可长期捕食多种茶树主要害虫，对害虫种群的自然控制效果很好。
本文整理了国内各产茶地区的瓢虫科昆虫资料，增补了近10a的新种类，记录了9亚科42属131种瓢虫及其已知寄主及分布。
关键词：茶园；瓢甲科；名录；生物防治中图分类号：S435.71 文献标识码：A DOI：10.11974/nyyjs.20180732001瓢甲科昆虫是茶园中节肢动物群落的重要组成部分，其中，捕食性瓢虫是最常见和重要的天敌昆虫，种类非常丰富，可长期捕食大多数茶树害虫，群落稳定性和抗干扰能力均较强，对害虫种群的自然控制效果很好，所以，识别瓢虫种类在生物防治中有重要作用[1]。
虽曾有学者记述过部分种类，仍无最新的全国性统计资料[2，3]。
本文归纳整理了我国各茶区的瓢甲科昆虫资料，依据瓢虫科分类系统[4]，增补了近10a的新种类，共计9亚科42属131种瓢虫及其已知寄主和分布，旨在为全面了解瓢甲科昆虫种类和分布，为开展科学、高效、绿色的生物防治提供参考依据。
1 小艳瓢虫亚科1.1 刀角瓢虫属刀角瓢虫Serangium japonicum寄主：茶蚜、黑刺粉虱、蜡蚧。
分布：贵州、安徽、四川、浙江、台湾、广东、湖南、江苏、福建。
1.2 小艳瓢虫属刻点小艳瓢虫Sticholotis punctata寄主：茶圆蚧、褐圆蚧、蛇眼蚧。
分布：贵州、浙江、江苏；丽小艳瓢虫Sticholotis formosana寄主：蜡蚧、黑刺粉虱、褐圆蚧等盾蚧。
分布：贵州；小艳瓢虫Sticholotis sp.寄主：褐圆蚧、桃盾蚧。
分布：贵州；素鞘大瓢虫Sticholotis sp.寄主：椰圆蚧、褐圆蚧、蛇眼蚧。
分布：贵州；1.3 毛艳瓢虫属台毛艳瓢虫Pharoscymnus taoi寄主：茶蚜、褐圆蚧、椰圆蚧。
中国飞虱科二属分类概要及三新种记述_半翅目_蜡蝉总科_飞虱科_英文_
Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica ,31(2):392-397(Ap r.,2006)动物分类学报ISSN 100020739Received 20Feb.2006,accepted 28Feb.2006.392S YN O PSIS O F TWO GEN ERA O F D EL P HACIDA E ,WI T H D ESCRI P TIO NS O F T H R EE N EW S P ECI ES FRO M C HINA (H EMI P T ERA ,FUL GO RO ID EA )QIN Dao 2ZhengKey L aboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest M anagement of Mi nist ry of Education ,Entomological M useum ,Northwest A &F U niversity ,Yangli ng ,S haanxi 712100,Chi naAbst ract The p resent paper deals with two Chinese delp hacid genera ,Neoterthrona Yang et Yang and Pa raconon Yang et Yang ,and five species of the genera totally.Among which three species new to science ,viz.Neoterthrona recta sp.nov.,Neoterthrona t ubercula ris sp.nov.and Pa raconon sinensis sp.nov.are described and illustrated.Key to separate all species of the two genera are given respectively.The type specimens are deposited in the Entomological Museum ,Northwest A &FUniversity ,Yangling ,Shaanxi ,China (N WAFU ).Ke y wor ds Hemiptera ,Delp hacidae ,Neoterthrona ,Pa raconon ,new species ,China. The Chinese delp hacid genera Neoterthrona andPa raconon belong to the tribe Delp hacini ,Delp hacidae ,were established by Yang et Yang in 1989to accommodate a single species respectively ,N.spi nosa and P.membra nacea f rom Taiwan ,China.In the p resent paper ,the two genera are studied and generic characters are redescribed ,three new species ,Neoterthrona recta sp.nov.(Yunnan Province ),Neoterthrona t ubercula ris sp.nov.(Hainan Province )and Pa raconon si nensis sp.nov.(Guangdong Province )are described and illustrated.Key to separate all species of the two genera are p rovided respectively.The morp hological terminology f ollows Yang et Yang (1986).The type specimens are deposited in the Entomological Museum ,Northwest A &F U niversity ,Yangling ,Shaanxi ,China (N WAFU ).1 Neotert h rona Ya n g et Ya n g ,1989Neoterthrona Yang et Yang ,1989.NSC Spec Publ.,6:303.Typespecies :N.spi no sa Yang et Yang ,1989.Diagnosis.Head including eyes narrower than p ronotum.Vertex slightly longer submedially than wide at base or nearly the same ,submedian carinae not really uniting at apex ,basal compartment wider at base than greatest length about 115∶110.Y 2shaped carina distinct.Frons longer in middle line than wide at widest part about 2102214∶110.Ocelli p resent.Postclypeus wider at base than f rons at apex.Antennae cylindrical ,surpassing f rontoclypeal suture ,basal segment longer than wide ,shorter than the second.Pronotum with lateral carinae reaching or not attaining hind margin.Forewings long and narrow ,transversevein located 2/5at apex ,all veins speckled.Spinal f ormula of hind leg 52724.Post 2tibial sp ur with about 20teeth.Anal segment of male ring 2like ,lateroapical angles each p roduced into a stout spinose p rocess.Pygofer in p rofile distinctly longer ventrally than dorsally ,ventrocaudal portion p roduced caudad.Medioventral p rocess long and single ,ventral angles each p roduced.Phallus n 2shaped.Suspensorium f used with p hallus ,dorsal arms long.Diap hragm extremely narrow ,dorsal margin deeply incised.Genital styles long and slender ,sinuate ,strongly divergent.Distribution.China (Taiwan ,Hainan ,Yunnan ).Ke y t o sp ecies (♂)11Anal segment of male with lateroapical angles parallel p roduced2…Anal segment of male with lateroapical angles widely separatedp roducedN.t ubercula ris sp.nov.………………………………21Phallus armed with a large tooth at dorsal left N.spi nosa Ya ng et Ya ng …………………………………………………………………Phallus smooth and without tooth N.recta sp.nov.………………Neotert h rona rect a sp.n ov.(Figs 1129)Male (macropterous ).Body length including tegmen 318mm ;tegmen length 312mm.General colour yellowish brown.Vertex ,p ronotum with area beneath eyes ,f rons ,genae ,postclypeus and antennae brown ,f rons with visible yellowish 2brown spots.Ocelli reddish brown.Eyes black.Fore 2and middle femora with brownish longitudinal stripes.Tegmen sub 2hyaline ,all veins speckled ,apical veins dark brown.Vertex slightly longer submedially than wide at base about 112∶110,submedian carinae originatingf rom basal 2/5of lateral carinae.Frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part about 214∶110,widest above level of ocelli ,median carina f orked at base.Postclypeus wider at base than f rons at apex ,as long in middle line as wide at base.Antennae surpassing f rontoclypeal suture ,basal segment longer than wide about 115∶110,shorter than the second about 110∶118.Pronotum with lateral carinae attaining hind margin.Post 2tibial sp ur with about 24teeth.Anal segment of male with lateroapical angles each p roduced ventrad into a stout and long p rocess ,parallel.Pygofer in posterior view with opening nearly as wide as long.Medioventral p rocess long ,reaching to level of p rocesses ofanal segment ,in p rofile medianportion with a big tooth ,p roduction of ventral angles broad and stout ,apex truncated ,strongly sclerotized and pigmented on dorsal half.Phallus n 2shaped ,laterally comp ressed ,extremely broad at base ,basal tip membranous ,attenuate to dorsad and then reflected caudad ,apical half straight and tapering gradually.Suspensorium f used with p hallus ,dorsal arms long.Diap hragm extremely narrow ,with dorsal margin deeply concave.Opening f or genital styles with dorsal and lateral margins nearly straight ,ventral margin sinuate ,middle part deeply concave.Genital styles long and slender ,surpassing level of lateral margin of p ygofer ,sinuate ,strongly divergent.Figs 1129.Neoterthrona recta sp.nov.1.Head and thorax ,dorsal view.2.Head ,ventral view.3.Tegmen.4.Male genitalia ,posterior view.5.The same ,left lateral view.6.Diap hragm of p ygofer ,posterior view.7.Phallus and suspensorium ,left side.8.Genital styles ,left side.9.Suspensorium. Holotype ♂,China ,Yunnan ,Xishuangbanna ,Menglun ,21230Ap r.1974,coll.ZHOU Yao ,YUAN Feng and HU Yin 2Yue.Remarks.The new species is similar toN.spi nosa Yang et Yang ,but can be distinguished f rom the latter by :1)vertex slightly longer submeially than wide at base about 112∶110;2)f rons in middle line longer than wide at widest part about 214∶110,widest393Apr.,2006秦道正:中国飞虱科二属分类概要及三新种记述(半翅目,蜡蝉总科,飞虱科) above level of ocelli ;3)p ronotum with lateral carinae attaining hind margin ;4)p hallus with the basal tip membranous ,caudal reflection without a large tooth at dorsal left ,apical half straight and tapering gradually ,distal end not sinuate.Etymology.The specific name is derived f rom the L atin word “rect us ”(straight ),and with combinationof the feminine suffix “2a ”,which refers to the apical half of p hallus straight.Neotert h rona t ubercul a ris sp.n ov.(Figs 110220)Macropterous f orm (♂).Body length 213mm ;body length including tegmen 3142317mm ;tegmen length 2192310mm.Figs 110220.Neoterthrona t ubercula ris sp.nov.10.Head and thorax ,dorsal view.11.Head ,ventral view.12.Tegmen.13.Male genitalia ,posterior view.14.The same ,left lateral side.15.Phallus and suspensorium ,lateral view.16.The same ,f rom different angle.17.Suspensorium.18.Genital styles ,left side.19.Diap hragm of p ygofer ,posterior view.20.Pygofer ,ventral view.General colour yellowish brown.Vertex ,p ronotum with area beneath eyes ,f rons ,genae ,postclypeus and antennae brown ,f rons and genae with visible yellowish brown spots.Ocelli reddish brown.Eyes black.Fore 2and middle femora ,tibiae with brownish longitudinal stripes.Tegmina sub 2hyaline ,apical veins dark brown.Vertex slightly longer submedially than wide at base about 113∶110,submedian carinae originating f rom basal 2/5of lateral carinae.Frons longer in middle line than widest part about 213∶110,widest above level of ocelli ,median carina f orked at base.Postclypeus wider at base than f rons at apex.Antennae with basal segment shorter than second about 110∶210.Pronotum with lateral carinae reaching hind margin.Post 2tibial sp ur with about 22226teeth.Anal segment of male with lateroapical angles widely separated ,each p roduced ventrad into a large p rocess.Pygofer in p rofile longer ventrally than dorsally ,median portion of opening p roduced caudad ,493 Acta Z ootaxonomica Sinica 动物分类学报 Vol.31 No.2in posterior view with opening longer than wide. Medioventral p rocesses p resent,long and single, nearly reaching to level of p rocess of anal segment,in p rofile basal half broad,with tiny tuberculif orm p rocess on its surf ace,and then tapering gradually till apex,apex curved and sharpen pointed,p roduction of ventral angles stout,triangular f rom ventral view. Phallus n2shaped,broad and membranous basally, curved subbasally and attenuate to dorsad,middle portion long and nearly straight,sub2apex curved ventrad,tapering till apex,apex sharpen pointed. Suspensorium f used with p hallus,dorsal arms long. Diap hragm narrow,dorsal margin deeply concave. Opening f or genital styles large,ventral margin sinuate,deeply concave at median part.Genital styles long and slender,surpassing level of lateral margin of p ygofer,sinuate,strongly divergent.Holotype♂,China,Hainan,J ianfengling,18 May1983,coll.ZHAN G Ya2Lin.Paratype1♂, same as holotype.Remarks.This new species can be distinguished f rom other members of this genus by:1)anal segment of male with lateroapical angles widely separated,each p roduced ventrad into a large p rocess;2)medioventral p rocesses with tiny tuberculif orm p rocess on its surf ace;3)p roduction of ventral angles stout, triangular f rom ventral view;4)p hallus curved subbasally,middle portion long and nearly straight.Etymology.The specific name is derived f rom the L atin word“t ubercula ris”,which refers to the characters of medioventral p rocess.2 Pa r aconon Ya ng et Ya n g,1989Pa raconon Yang et Yang,1989.NSC Spe.Publ.,6:109.Type species:P.membra nacea Yang et Yang,1989.Diagnosis.Head including eyes as wide as p ronotum.Submedian carinae of vertex not uniting at apex,Y2shaped carina distinct,basal compartment wider at base than greatest length about210∶110. Frons longer in middle line than wide at widest part about2122215∶110,median carina f orked at level of ocelli.Postclypeus wider at base than f rons at apex. Rostrum reaching beyond meso2trochanters.Ocelli p resent.Antennae reaching over middle of postclypeus,basal segment longer than wide and shorter than second about110∶210.Pronotum with lateral carinae not attaining hind margin.Spinal f ormula of hind leg52724.Post2tibial sp ur with about 25teeth.Anal segment of male ring2like,lateroapical angles each p roduced into spinose p rocess,or apical margin with a distinct median p rocess,laterobasal angles each p roduced caudad into a small p rocess. Medioventral p rocess broad and stout.Phallus stout and armed with tooth.Suspensorium Y2shaped. Diap hragm moderate.Genital styles rather short, divergent.Distribution.China(Taiwan,Guangdong).Ke y t o sp ecies(♂)11Anal segment with median portion p roduced into a spinose p rocess, laterobasal angles each p roduced caudad into a small p rocess;apex of medioventral p rocess not bif urcated…Pa raconon si nensis sp.nov.Anal segment with lateroapical angles each p roduced into spinose p rocess;apex of medioventral p rocess distinctly bif urcated…………Pa raconon membra nacea Ya ng et Ya ng ……………………Pa r aconon si nensis sp.n ov.(Figs121233)Macropterous f orm(♂).Body length including tegmen318mm;tegmen length311mm.General colour yellowish brown.Vertex, p ronotum with area beneath eyes brown,f rons and genae blackish brown,with a transverse yellowish stripe,f rons and genae scattered with visible yellowish2 brown spots,apex of f rons yellow.Eyes black. Antennae with apices of first segment and base of second black,rest of second segment grayish black. Fore2and middle femora with brownish longitudinal stripes,mid2tibiae with black maculations.Tegmina grayish yellow,granulose black,ends of apical veins blackish brown,near apex of clavus at hind margin with a black marking.Vertex almost as long submedially as wide at base.Frons with the widest above level of ocelli. Antennae with basal segment somewhat triangular and flat,longer than wide,shorter than second about110∶210,second segment cylindrical.Post2tibial sp ur with about24teeth.Anal segment of male with median portion p roduced in a spinose p rocess,laterobasal angles each p roduced caudad into a small p rocess.Pygofer in posterior view with opening longer than wide,lateral margins sinuate,in p rofile distinctly wider ventrally than dorsally.Medioventral p rocess p rotuberant, f airly broad and stout,basal half nearly with the same width and apical half narrowed.Phallus very large, lamellate,apex strongly broad and nearly truncated, dorsal margin reflected in a large lobe,directed basad, its dorsal aspect membranous,right side with a large tooth subapically.Suspensorium Y2shaped,arms as long as stem.Diap hragm moderate,p roduced medially,dorsal margin slightly incised.Genital styles moderately long,divergent apically,slightly narrowed593Apr.,2006秦道正:中国飞虱科二属分类概要及三新种记述(半翅目,蜡蝉总科,飞虱科) Figs121233.Pa raconon sinensis sp.nov.21.Head and thorax,dorsal view.22.Head,ventral view.23.Tegmen.24.Male genitalia,posterior view.25.The same,left lateral side.26.Diap hragm of p ygofer,posterior view.27.Pygofer, ventral view.28.Genital styles,posterior view.29.The same,left side.30.Phallus,left side.31.The same,right side.32.Anal segment,left lateral view.33.Suspensorium.at apex,inner margin p roduced subapically.Holotype♂,China,Guangdong,Dinghu Mountain,17J uly1985,coll.ZHAN G Ya2Lin.This new species can be distinguished f rom P. membra nacea Yang et Yang,1989by:1)vertex almost as long submedially as wide at base;2)p ygofer in p rofile distinct longer ventrally than dorsally,not as long as dorsal;3)anal segment with median portion p roduced into a spinose p rocess,laterobasal angles each p roduced caudad into a small p rocess;4)medioventral p rocess p rotuberant,f airly broad and stout,apex not bif urcated;5)characters of p hallus;6)genital styles narrowed at apex,inner margin p roduced subapically.Etymology.The specific name refers to its Chinese distribution.Ack n owle dgme nts The author wish to exp ress thanks to M r.J ohn,W.M.Marris(Department of Entomology and Animal Ecology,Lincoln U niversity, Canterbury,New Zealand)f or helping to obtain693 Acta Z ootaxonomica Sinica动物分类学报 Vol.31 No.2literature during the authorπs study visit to New Zealand.R EFER EN CESYang,J2T and Yang,C2T1986.Delp hacidae of Taiwan(Ⅰ)Asiracinaeand the tribe Tropidocep halini(Homoptera:Fulgoroidea).Taiwa n M us.Spec.Publ.,6:1279.Yang,C2T1989.Delp hacidae of Taiwan(II)(Homoptera: Fulgoroidea).NSC Spec Publ.,6:3032305.中国飞虱科二属分类概要及三新种记述(半翅目,蜡蝉总科,飞虱科)秦道正西北农林科技大学植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室,西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆 陕西杨凌 712100摘 要 对分布于我国南方的飞虱科两个属:细突飞虱属Neoterthrona Yang et Yang及等胸飞虱属Pa raconon Yang et Yang进行了分类概要,修订了2属的属征,并记述3个新种:直茎细突飞虱Neoterthrona recta sp.nov.,具瘤细突飞虱Neoterthrona t ubercula ris sp.nov.和中华等胸飞虱Pa raconon sinensis sp.nov.。
中国小毛瓢虫属三新种记述——(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)(英文)
中国小毛瓢虫属三新种记述——(鞘翅目：瓢虫科)(英文)虞国跃
【期刊名称】《动物学研究》
【年(卷),期】1993(14)4
【摘要】本文描述了小毛瓢虫属3新种:采自云南的冠端小瓢虫
Scymnus(Pullus)cristiformis sp.n.,以及采自海南的匙叶小瓢虫S.(P.)scalpratus sp.n.和凹叶小瓢虫S.(P.)scrobiculatus sp.n.。
模式标本存华南农业大学昆虫标本室,广州。
【总页数】6页(P293-298)
【关键词】鞘翅目;瓢虫科;小毛瓢虫属;新种
【作者】虞国跃
【作者单位】北京市农林科学院植保环保所
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】Q969.496.8
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中国小毛瓢虫族Scymnini的系统发育研究(鞘翅目：瓢虫科)
中国小毛瓢虫族Scymnini的系统发育研究（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）小毛瓢虫族Scymnini隶属于鞘翅目Coleoptera,多食亚目Polyphaga,瓢甲总科Coccinelloidea,瓢虫科Coccinellidae。
该族昆虫已知种类均为捕食性,主要捕食蚜虫、粉蚧、粉虱等农林害虫,是当前我国发展“环境友好、生态安全的害虫防治策略和技术”中害虫自然控制因子的主要成员。
目前小毛瓢虫族的分类地位仍存在较大争议,族内各属间的亲缘关系尚不明确,部分属级分类单元的合理性受到质疑,许多问题仍未澄清,若不尽快进行属级和种级分类单元的厘订,并进行系统发育研究,必将严重制约我国和世界小毛瓢虫族昆虫分类研究的发展。
本研究运用五个核基因:两段CAD、Wingless、TOP(Topoisomerase)、H3和三个线粒体基因COI、COII、Cytb共八个分子标记分别利用最大似然法(Maximum likelihood,ML)和贝叶斯推断法(Bayesian inference,BI)首次研究了小毛瓢虫族9属共61种的系统发育关系,并且加入了小艳瓢虫族、盔唇瓢虫族、刻眼瓢虫族、隐胫瓢虫族、红瓢虫族、瓢虫族和食植瓢虫族的部分类群,来探讨小毛瓢虫族与瓢虫科内其他类群的高级阶元系统发育关系。
各基因序列分析结果表明:三个线粒体基因的A+T含量明显高于G+C含量,符合昆虫体内线粒体基因A+T比例高的特点;三个线粒体基因的转换与颠换比值R均小于1,而五个核基因的转换与颠换比值R均大于1,基于联合基因分析的平均遗传距离为0.195。
系统发育分析表明:小毛瓢虫族为并系起源,其下的斧瓢虫属Axinoscymnus Kamiya、方突毛瓢虫属Sasajiscymnus Vandenberg、弯叶毛瓢虫属Nephus Mulsant、角毛瓢虫属Horniolus Weise为单系起源,小毛瓢虫属Scymnus Kugelann为并系起源。