清华大学2005级期中考试A卷参考答案(含答案)
2005年真题及参考答案
2005年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试Paper OnePartⅠ Dialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A Dialogue Completion1.A: Why don‟t you have dinner with me tonight?B:A.Because I have an appointment.B.Sorry about that, but I have to go to a party.C.The reason is that I have to work overtime tonight.D.I‟d love to, but I have to finish my paper.2.A: I‟m afraid I have spilled some coffee on the tablecloth.B:A. Oh, don‟t worry about that.B. You needn‟t apologize.C. I feel sorry for that.D. Oh, you shouldn‟t have done that.3. A: You seem to have a lot of work to do in your office. You‟ve always been working overtime. B:A. You are right, but don‟t you know the meaning of work?B. Sorry, I don‟t think so. I get overpaid for overwork, you know.C. That‟s right. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.D. That‟s right, but the work is interesting. I don‟t mind some extra hours at all.4. A: George, I would like to introduce a friend of mine, if I may: Albert Snow. Albert, this is George Smith. B:A. How have you been?B. Pleased to meet you, George.C. Mind if call you George?D. The pleasure‟s mine.5. A: Excuse me. I don‟t want to interrupt you…B:A. No, no. It‟s quite all right.B. Well, never mind.C. It won‟t bother me.D. Of course not.Section B Dialogue Comprehension6. Man: I saw John yesterday. You know what? He was driving a luxurious car.Woman: He rented it. He often makes believe that he is a millionaire.Question: What does the woman mean?A. Everyone believes that John is a millionaire.B. John dreams of becoming a millionaire.C. John dreams of having a luxurious car.D. John pretends to be a millionaire.7. Woman: I can hardly go on. The work is so tough.Man: Don‟t lose heart. I‟ll back you up all the time.Question: What does the man mean?A. He will help the woman with her work.B. He will support the woman.C. He will do the work for the woman.D. He will encourage the woman.8. Man: I didn‟t know you got a promotion. Why didn‟t you tell me earlier so that we could have celebrated it? Woman: I guess it slipped my mind. My mind was lost to other things because of work.Question: What does the woman mean?A. She felt lost with her work.B. She had a poor memory.C. She forgot to tell him.D. She had to go to work.9. Man: The new Chevy Chase film was terrific!Woman: Oh, come off it, Al. Chevy Chase is a great comedian, but he sure didn‟t show it in that movie. Question: What does the woman think of the movie?A. It‟s great comedy.B. It‟s typical Chevy Chase film.10. Woman: You haven‟t said a word about my dress, Dave. Don‟t you like it?Man: I‟m sorry I didn‟t say anything about it sooner. I don‟t think I‟ve seen anything like is before.Question: What does the man probably think of the dress?A. It is in fashion.B. It surely is unique.C. It is a bit old-fashioned.D. It surely suits her.Part Ⅱ Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A11.Should English classes be compulsory at the elementary or primary school level in countrieswhere it is not the native language?A. requiredB. necessaryC. selectedD. permanent讲义3．Next semester, Susan must take three compulsory courses.A. formalB. voluntaryC. practicalD. required12.In the end, both attacks and defenses of the free market and conventional economics haveimmense philosophical implications.A. traditionalB. novelC. capital-centeredD. consumption-centered 讲义9. Tiny atomic electric batteries have certain advantages over the ______ storage batteries.A. universalB. inclusiveC. indefinite22. The girl of ten has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her.A. regularB. specificC. extraordinary13.Applicant will be asked to provide information on how they will disseminate information toother students at their university or college.A. discloseB. deliverC. spreadD. analyze14.In general, the British people belong to one of the more affluent countries of Europe and enjoy ahigh standard of living compared to the rest of the world.A. plentifulB. powerfulC. friendlyD. wealthy15.To absorb a younger work force, many companies offered retirement plans as incentives forolder workers to retire and make way for the younger ones who earned lower salaries.A. rewardsB. opportunitiesC. motivesD. stimuli讲义2. The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize.A. motiveB. initiativeC. excitementD. entertainment16.Their business flourished at its new location a year later owing to their joint efforts and hardwork.A. prevailedB. failedC. boomedD. shrank讲义：11. The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once ______.A. thrivedB. swelledC. prospered17.The pressure on her from her family caused her to resort to the drastic measures.A. turn toB. keep toC. stick toD. lead to18.I shall never forget the look of intense anguish on the face of his parents when they heard thenews.A. stressB. dilemmaC. miseryD. surprise19.If minor disputes are left unsettled, tough ones will pile up sooner or later.A. accumulateB. vanishC. lingerD. emerge20.The police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds in front of the government building.A. unskillfullyB. violentlyC. ineffectivelyD. eventuallyyour department.A. satisfactionB. gratitude D. sincerity讲义：1. I' d like to take this opportunity to extend my heart-felt gratitude to the host.A. increaseB. prolongC. intensifyD. express22.The objective of this popular consultation is to determine, , the final political status of theregion, whether to remain part of the country as a special district, or to part from it.A. once upon a timeB. once and againC. all at onceD. once and for all从前一而再，屡次断然地, 坚决地23.The two countries will assign counter-drug officials to their respective embassies ona basis.A. fundamentalB. similarC. reciprocal 互惠的D. reasonable24.Tennessee‟s population is nearly two-fifths rural, and no single city or group ofcities the state.A. dominatesB. managesC. manipulatesD. controls25.We all know that in a situation like this a cool head is .A. called forB. called offC. called onD. called up讲义：9. A well-written composition ______ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.A. calls onB. calls forC. calls upD. calls off26.The destruction an earthquake causes depends on its and duration, or the amount ofshaking that occurs.A. altitudeB. magnitudeC. multitudeD. aptitude讲义：35. In my opinion, you can widen the ______ of these improvements through your active participation.A. dimensionB. volume D. scope27.The El Nino has affected the regional weather and temperature over much of the tropics,sub-tropics and some mid-latitude areas.A. externallyB. consistentlyC. insistentlyD. internally28.During all these years of absence he had a tender feeling for his mother and the family.A. enclosedB. huggedC. enrichedD. cherished29.The choice for a consumer, therefore, is the choice among the available ones that willenable him or her to maximize utility.A. optimalB. optionalC. opticalD. optimistic30.Mrs. Smith tears when she heard her daughter had died in the road accident.A. broke inB. broke upC. broke throughD. broke intoPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points)Passage OneIt was Friday, the day of the field trip on which Miss Joan would take her class to pick apples.Miss Joan enjoyed picking apples with her students. She smiled as she led her students to the bus that would take them to the Greenly Apple Orchard（果园）.The bus ride was bumpy and the kids were a little noisy, but still Miss Joan was smiling.The bus stopped in front of the Greenly Orchard Store and the class got off quickly and quietly. Miss Joan made sure everyone was there. “What a glorious,sunny, apple picking day,” Miss Joan announced with her grandest smile.Mr. Greenly was there to greet them. “Let see, there are eighteen children and two adults atMiss Joan held u p the brochure in her hand. “It says that the price is two dollars each,”she pointed ort. “That‟s what I collected from everyone.”“We‟ve had to raise the price,” Mr. Greenly stated.“You sent me this brochure after we made our reservation,” Miss Joan complained, “and it says two dollars!”“Miss Joan, if you look at the bottom of this brochure,” Mr. Greenly said, “you‟ll notice a very important statement.”Sure enough, in very tiny letters, it said, “Prices are subject to change without notice.”Miss Joan was determined to keep her good mood. She took a twenty dollars bill out of her own purse and handed it to Mr. Greenly with the forty dollars she had in an envelope.“Now children, do you all have your baskets?” Miss Joan called out. “Remember, you can pic k as many apples six apples each.”“I beg your pardon!”Miss Joan was not smiling now. “The brochure says,…ALL YOU CAN PICK‟!”Mr. Greenly pointed to the tiniest letters Miss Joan had ever almost seen. It also says, “Terms and conditions of group reservat ions are subject to change without notice.”Miss Joan‟s good mood was now history. She didn‟t want to set a bad example for her students, so she said in a calm and quiet voice, “We‟re going home, give me our money back, please.”31.How many dollars did Miss Joan hand to Mr. Greenly?A. 20.B. 40.C. 60.D. 1832.The phrase “subject to change without notice” suggests .A.Mr. Greenly could change the terms at will.B.the customers should read the brochure carefullyC.Mr. Greenly could determine what apples to be picked.D.the customers should be informed beforehand.33.The students could not pick as many apples as they would like because .A.they were children.B. there were not enough apples.C. they had made a group reservation.D. they would eat up too many apples.34.“Miss Joan‟s good mood was now history?”(the last paragraph) means .A.Miss Joan had been happy until that moment.B.Miss Joan was no longer interested in history.C.Miss Joan taught her students the history of the orchard.D.Miss Joan was good at concealing her feelings35.What can we learn about Miss Joan from the story?A. She did not read the brochure carefully.B. She made a reservation after seeing the brochure.C. She lost her temper in the end.D. She didn‟t know h ow to complain.Passage TwoBoth civilization and culture are fairly modern words, having come into prominent use during the 19th century by anthropologists(人类学家), historians, and literary figures. There has been a strong tendency to use them interchangeably as though they mean the same thing, but they are not the same.Although modern in their usage, the two words derived from ancient Latin. The word civilization is based on the Latin civis, of a city. Thus civilization, in its most essential meaning, isit would seem that certain insects, such as ants or bees, are also civilized. They live and work together in social groups. So do some microorganisms. But there is more to civilization, and that is what culture brings to it. So, civilization is inseparable from culture.The word culture is derived from the Latin verb colere, till the soil. But colere also has a wider range of meanings. It may, like civis, mean inhabiting a town or village. But most of its definitions suggest a process of starting and promoting growth and development. One may cultivate a garden; one may also cultivate one‟s interests, mind, and abilities. In its modern use the word culture refers to all the positive aspects and achievements of humanity that make mankind different from the rest of the animal world. Culture has grown out of creativity, a characteristic that seems to be unique to human beings.One of the basic and best-know features of civilization and culture is the presence of tools. But more important than their simple existence is that the tools are always being improved and enlarged upon, a result of creativity. It took thousands of years to get from the first wheel to the latest, most advanced model of automobile.It is the concept of humans as toolmakers and improvers that differentiates them from other animals. A monkey may use a stick to knock a banana from a tree, but that stick will never, through a monkey‟s clevernes s, be modified into a hook or a ladder. Monkeys have never devised a spoken language, written a book, composed a melody, built a house, or painted a portrait. To say that birds build nests and beavers(海狸)their dens is to miss the point. People once lived in caves, but their cleverness, imagination, and creativity led them to progress beyond caves to buildings.36. What does the author think of the words “civilization”and “culture”?A. They are identical.B. They are different concepts.C. They can often be used interchangeably.D. They are defined differently by different people.37. According to the author the word “civilization” originally refers to .A. people‟s way of life in citiesB. people‟s ability to live together in citiesC. a type of social organizationsD. an advanced level of social life38. The Latin verb colere originally means “”.A. live in a cityB. develop oneselfC. promote growthD. cultivate the land39. The author believes that creativity .A. is a unique feature of civilized beingsB. brings forth the improvement of toolsC. is the result of human developmentD. helps the advance of culture40. The author mentions monkeys in the last paragraph to show that .A. monkeys are the same as birdsB. people once lived in caves like monkeysC. monkeys can never develop into human beingsD. man is different from other animals such as monkeysPassage ThreeThe huge growth of global “ecotourism”industry is becoming an increasing concern for conservationists with mounting evidence that many wild species do not respond well to contact with human beings. Overexposure to tourists has been linked to stress, abnormal behaviour and adverse health effects in species such as polar bears, dolphins and gorillas(大猩猩)，says a report in New Scientist.While regulated ecotourism can help conservation efforts by encouraging people to manage endangered species and their habitats, many projects are poorly designed and unregulated, it says.environmentally friendly policies and operations.”While regulated ecotourism can help conservation efforts by encouraging people to manage endangered species and their habitats, “many projects are p oorly designed and hint they are based on environmentally friendly policies and operations.”Ecotourism is growing by 10 to 30 percent a year and an estimated 20 percent of tourists are thought to visit a conservation-based project. Philip Seddon, of the University of Otago in New Zealand, said that although most tourist projects conformed to basic guidelines on land use and not scaring wildlife, their full impact was rarely considered.“Transmission of disease to wildlife, or subtle changes to wildlife health through disturbance of daily routines or increased stress levels may translate to lowered survival and breeding,” he said. Research at the University of Auckland has shown that dolphins become restless and overactive when many tourist boats are present. When three or more boats are near, the dolphins rest for 0.5 percent of the time, compared with 68 percent when they are accompanied by a single boat. The findings are backed up by studies of dolphins in Britain. Researchers at the University of Manitoba in Canada have found that male polar bears easily disturbed by tourist vehicles, with a possible effect on their heart rate and metabolism(新陈代谢). That could reduce body fat levels and fitness, critical for survival.In Africa, gorillas have picked up parasites introduced to their habitat by tourists and mongooses(蠓)have caught lung diseases from human beings. Experts said that the answer to the problems was better regulation and supervision of ecotourism. The Galapagos Islands, where visitor numbers are strictly controlled, is a good model.41. Ecotourism is meant to .A. have tourists help in the conservation of wildlifeB. have wild species respond well to contact with humansC. make wild species reduce stress and abnormal behaviourD. make conservationists more concerned with wildlife42. According to New Scientist, many ecotourist projects .A. really encourage people to protect wildlife and its habitatB. strictly follow environmentally friendly policiesC. actually lack proper examination and official approvalD. seriously damage the habitats of endangered species43. What will happen to wildlife ul timately if the present “ecotourism” practice goes on?A. It will disturb their life.B. It will affect their health.C. It will increase their stress.D. It will threaten their survival.44. According to the passage, the growth in the global “ecotourism” industry .A. reflects an increasing concern for conservationB. arouses a growing concern for conservationC. coincides with a mounting concern for conservationD. originates from a grater concern for conservation45. According to the passage, a solution to the “ecotourism” problem is to .A. encourage people to manage endangered speciesB. reduce the exposure of wildlife to human beingsC. help wild animals increase their fitnessD. prevent wildlife from catching human diseasesComputers can beat chess champion Gary Kasparov at his game, count all the atoms in a nuclear explosion, and calculate complex figures in a fraction of a second, but they still fail at the slight differences in language translation. Artificial Intelligence computers have large amounts of memory, capable of storing huge translating dictionaries and extensive lists of grammar rules. Yet, today‟s best computer language translators have just a 60 percent accuracy rate. Scientist s are still unable to program the computer with human-like common sense reasoning power.Computer language translation is called Machine Translation, or MT. While not perfect, MT is surprisingly good. MT was designed to process dry, technical language that people find tedious to translate. Computers can translate basic phrases, such as “You foot bone‟s connected to your ankle bone, your ankle bone‟s connected to your leg bone.” They can translate more difficult phrases, such as “Which witch is which?” Computers can also accurately translate “Wild thing, you make my heart sing!” into other languages because they can understand individual words, as long as the words are pre-programmed in their dictionary.But highly sensitive types of translating, such as important diplomatic conversations, are beyond the scope of computer translating programs. Human translators use intuitional meaning, not logic, to process words and phrases into other languages. A human can properly translate the phrase, “The pen is in the pe n(围养禽畜的圈),” because most humans know that it means that a writing instrument is in a small enclosed space. Many times, computers do not have the ability to determine in which way two identical words in one sentence are to be used.In addition to using massive rule-programmed machines, computer programmers are also trying to teach computers to learn how to think for themselves through the “experience” of translating. Even with these efforts, programmers admit that a “thinking” computer might not ever be invented in the future.46. Computers today are capable of .A. defeating the best chess player in the worldB. telling subtle differences between languagesC. translating over 60 percent of difficult textsD. doing human-like common sense reasoning47. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Computers can translate dry and difficult phrases.B. Computers can understand sensitive language.C. Computers can translate technical language.D. Computers can understand pre-programmed words.48. The major problem with computer translating programs is that computers .A. can not translate illogical sentencesB. do not have a large enough capacity of memoryC. can not understand grammatical rulesD. do not have intuition to process language49. To improve machine translation, computer programmers are trying to .A. use powerful rule-programmed computersB. teach computers to think by practiceC. have computers compile translating dictionariesD. add explanations of words in computer programs50. The passage suggests that .A. the accuracy rate of machine translation cannot be raisedB. it is impossible for computers to think as humans doC. only technical language is suitable for machine translationD. it is impossible to determine of identical wordsSeveral years ago during the dot-com passion, Manhattan lawyer John Kennedy sometimes wore a dark blue suit to meet potential Internet clients. But he soon realized that his conservative clothes were a strike against him before he even shook hands. So he began to do business in casual, open-shirt clothes.But now the tables have turned. Today Silicon Valley executives are the ones often coming out in suits. No wonder that Fortune 500 executives are dusting off their silk ties and pants.” I would say there is a trend now toward a little more business dress,” said Kennedy. “I find myself wearing suits more.”While there isn‟t a rush toward formal office wear, clothiers and executives say the workplace uniform is heading that way. In many offices, men are wearing jackets, ties and pants more frequently than a year age. Top women executives never went as casual as men, so the shift doesn‟t affect them as dramatically.“Business casual” took several years to catch on. It started with casual Fridays, evolved to casual summers, then became casual everyday. A return to the button-down look also will take time, observers say. Lehman Brothers is one of the few major firms that has officially returned to a formal dress policy, at least for offices that clients visit. Men were told to wear suits and ties and women to wear suits or dresses. The shift is due to a rethinking of work environments and more contacts with clients as the firm has grown.Observers mention many factors driving the trend. Internet companies helped lead the dress-down movement and other industries followed suit to attract workers. But with the collapse of many dot-coms, the relaxed look is becoming a style to avoid. Moreover, as the economy stumbles, more people are hunting for jobs or trying to keep the ones they have, and appearance counts.US President Bush wears a coat and tie in the White House office and expects his staff to dress “professionally,” which some say sets a tome for the nation.Chuck Wardell, managing director of a recruiting firm, believes a lot of employees like a stiffer uniform. “They‟re going to work. They don‟t want to feel like they‟re going to a picnic.”51.”Business casual” was prevalent several years ago because _____.A. the Manhattan law business grew very quicklyB. shaking hands with clients became popularC. the country was fighting the conservativesD. the Internet companies boomed then52. When the “bu siness ca sual” prevailed, _____.A. businessmen wore ties only in workplaceB. businessmen didn‟t wear ties at allC. businesswomen didn‟t wear formally in workplaceD. businesswomen still wore formally everywhere53. The Fortune 500 executives__________.A. set the trend toward more casual wearB. are particular about what they wearC. begin to wear suits more often than beforeD. are usually indifferent to fashion trend54. At the beginning of the “business casual” trend, business people wore casually___________.A. when meeting clientsB. on weekendsC. in summerD. almost every day55. It is implied in the passage that the change of business dress from the casual to the formalreflects_____.A. the changed of people‟s taste in fashionB. the ups and downs of the fashion industryC. the ups and downs of the Internet companiesD. people‟s different preference in business dressPart IV CloseThe United States has historically had higher rates of marriage than those of other industrialized countries. The current annual marriage 56 in the United States ---about 9 new marriages for every 1,000 people ---is 57 higher than it is in other industrialized countries. However, marriage is 58 as widespread as it was several decades ago. 59 of American adults who are married 60 _ form 72 percent in 1970 to 60 percent in 2002.This does not mean that large numbers of people will remain unmarried 61 their lives. Throughout the 20th century, about 90 percent of Americans married at some 62 in their lives. Experts_ 63 that about the same proportion of today‟s young adults will eventually marry.The timing of marriage has varied 64 over the past century. In 1995 the average age of women in the United States at the time of their first marriage was 25.The average age of men was about 27.Men and women in the United States marry for the first time at an average of five years later than people did in the 1950s. 65 ,young adults of the 1950s married younger than did any previous 66 in U.S. history. Today‟s later age of marriage is 67 the age of marriage between 1890 and 1940. Moreover, a greater proportion of the population was married (95 percent)during the 1950s than at any time before 68 .Experts do not agree on why the “marriage rush” of the late 1940s and 1950s occurred, but most social scientists believe it represented a 69 to the return of peaceful life and prosperity after 15 years of severe economic 70 and war.56. A. rate B. ratio C. percentage D. poll57. A. potentially B. intentionally C. randomly D. substantially相当大的58. A. not any longer B. no more C. no longer D. not any more59. A. A proportion B. The proportion C. The number D. A number60. A. declined B. deteriorated C. deduced D. demolished61. A. past B. passing C. throughout D. through62. A. period B. level C. point D. respect63. A. project B. plan C. promise D. propose64. A . unexpectedly B. irregularly C. flexibly D. consistently65. A. Besides B. However C. Whereas D. Nevertheless66. A. descendants B. ascendants C. population D. generation67. A. according to B. in line with C. based on D. caused by68. A. and after B. or after C. or since D. ever since69. A. refusal B. realization C. response D. reality70. A. repression B. aggression C. restriction D. depressionPart V Error Detection71. It is an accepted custom for guests to take their gifts to the wedding reception when the coupleinvited them to attend.72. Some international students use a cassette recorder to make tapes of their classes so that theycan repeat the lectures again.73. Despite of diligent efforts to promote domestic production during the war years, the ContinentalArmy had to rely primarily on captures and imports for much of its military hardware and even for clothing.74. In a sense, farmers began primitive genetic engineering at the dawn of agriculture, which theykept seeds from their best plants, gradually improving the quality of successive generations.。
2005全国卷Ⅰ(精校版+答案解析)
2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选图其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.15.C. £9.18.答案是B。
1.How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts?A. $18.B. $19.C. $20.2.What will the speakers discuss?A. A report.B. A computer.C. A report on computer.3.What are the speakers talking about?A. A child.B. A room.C. A present.4.What can we learn from this conversation?A. The woman does not get along well with the man.B. The woman does not get along well with her roommate.C. T he man will talk with the woman’s roommate.5.Where are the two speakers now?A. On the first floor.B. On the fourth floor.C. On the fifth floor.第二节（共15小题，每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
清华附中04-05年上学期高一期中试卷数学(附答案)
高一第一学期期中试卷数学（清华附中高04级）一. 选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1. 若U=R ，A={x │x ＞4}，a=321-那么（ ）A. a ⊆C U AB. a ⊄C U AC. {a}∈C U AD. {a}≠⊂C U A 2. 计算[（-2）2]21的结果是 （ ） A. 2 B. -2 C. 22 D. -22 3. 设p 、q 是两个命题，若p 是q 的充分不必要条件，那么非p 是非q 的 （ ）A. 充分不必要条件B. 必要不充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件4. “x ＞0”是“12〈-x ”的 （ ）A. 充分不必要件B. 必要不充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件5.下列各组中函数f(x)和g （x ）图象相同的是 （ ）A. (x)=1，g(x)=x 0B. f(x)=1，g(x)=xx x x ∈（0，+∞）C. f(x)=│x │，g(x)=-x x ∈ (-∞,0)D. f(x)=3)3(2++x x ，g(x)=(x+3)(x+3)0 6. 在下列复合命题中，“p 或q ”为真，“p 且q ”为假，“非p ”为真，那么 （ ）A. p 真q 假B. p 假q 真C. p 假q 假D. p 真q 真7.若不等式ax 2+bx+2＞0的解集为（-31,21），那么a+b=( ) A. 10 B. –10 C. 14 D. –148.已知（2，1）在函数f(x)=b ax +的图象上，又知f -1(5)=1则，f(x)等于 （ ）A.94+-x B. 73+-x C. 53-x D. 74-x9. 函数f(x)=4x 2-mx+5在区间(-2，+∞)上是增函数，则f(1)的取值范围是 （ ）A. f(1)≥25B. f(1)≤-16C. f(1) ≤16D. f(1) ＞2510. 已知函数f (x)=3-2│x │，g(x)=x 2-2x ，构造函数F(x)，定义如下：当f(x) ≥g(x)时， F （x ）=g(x)； f(x) ＜g(x)时，F(x)=f(x)，那么F(x) （ ）A. 有最大值3，最小值-1B. 有最大值7-27，无最小值C. 有最大值3，无最小值D. 无最大值，无最小值二、真空题：（本大题共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）x+1 （x ＞0）11. 设f(x)= π （x=0）则f{f[-1]}=_________。
2005全国卷全国高考英语试题及解析
第Ⅰ卷试卷类型：A第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分55分)第一节语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants．A．however B．whateverC．whchever D．whenever答案是B。
21.- Can l speak to Mr．Wang，Please?- ________.A．Who are you? B. I’m Wang.C．Speaking． D. Are you John?22.No one helped me．I did it all ______ myself．A．for B．by C．from D．to23．Mary wrote an article on ______ the team had failed to win the game．A．why B．what C．who D．that24．I have many friends，some _____ are businessmen．A．of them B.from whichC．who of D．of whom25．We haven’t enou gh books for ______ ；some of you will have to share．A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody26．Tom，you _______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!A．Wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not27.They wanted to charge $5，000 for the car, _______ we managed bring the price down．A．but B．so C．when D．since28．—What would you do if it _____ tomorrow?- We have to Carry it on，since we’ve got everything ready．A．rain B．rains C．will min D．is raining29．My parents will move back into town in a year or _____. .A．later B．after C．so D．about30．It wasn’t until nearly a month late ______ I rec eived the manager’s reply．A．since B．when C．as D．that31．-0h dear! I’ve just broken a window．-______.It can’t be helped．A．Never mind B．All right C．That’s fine D．Not at all32．The storm left，____a lot of damage to this area．A. caused B．to have caused C．to cause D．having caused33．The hero’s story__ differently in the newspapers．A．was reported B．was reporting C．reports D. reported34．The coffee is wonderful! I t doesn’t taste like anything I ______ before．A．was having B．have C．have ever had D．had ever had35．The chairman thought _______ necessary to invite Professor Smith to spe ak at the meeting.A. that B．it C. this D．him第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2005年高中阶段学校招生统一考试
2005年高中阶段学校招生统一考试英语本试卷分为A卷[第I卷（选择题），第二卷（非选择题）]和B卷。
A卷第1至8页。
B卷9至12页。
全卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
参加毕业考试的学生只做A卷，参加升学考试的学生A，B卷均做。
A卷[第一卷（选择题共80分）]注意事项：1、答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再涂其它答案，不能答在试卷上。
3、考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力测试（20小题，共20分）（磁带只放一遍，开始和结束以音乐为标志。
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
）一、听句子，选出句子中所包含的信息。
句子读两遍。
（5分）1. A. next Monday. B. next Sunday. C. this Saturday.2. A. h is brother B. my father C. my brother4. A. for me to work B. for him to work C. for me to go5. A. Chinese B. favourite subjects C. did well in二、听句子，选出该句的最佳答语。
句子读两遍。
（5分）6. A. Certainly. B. Glad to see you. C. Speaking, please.7. A. No, thanks. B. Not at all. C. Sure. Here you are.8. A. It was fine. B. It was Monday. C. It was May 5.9. A. Yes, it is. B. The black one. C. Yes, I do.10. A. Yes, please. B. You are welcome. C. Fine, here it is.三、听对话和问题，选择适当的选项。
2005年全国统一考试理综(仿真)试卷及答案解析(二)
2005年全国统一考试理综（仿真）试卷及答案解析（二）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题共126分)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共174分)。
考试时间为150分钟。
满分为300分。
以下数据可供解题时参考：H 1 O 16 C 12 S 32 Cl 35.5 N 14 Na 23 Fe 56 Cu 64 137 Al 27 Mg 24 P 31第Ⅰ卷(选择题共126分)一、选择题(本题包括13小题，每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.20世纪初，有学者用豚鼠肝、脾、肾等脏器制备的生理盐水悬液免疫家兔获得了抗体，它除能与原来相应的脏器抗原反应外，还可使绵羊红细胞发生凝集，出现这一现象是因为A.可能绵羊红细胞发生了自身凝集B.豚鼠某些组织与绵羊红细胞之间存在共同抗原决定簇C.豚鼠与绵羊之间有完全相同的血型抗原D.豚鼠脏器在制备悬液过程中其抗原结构发生了改变答案：B 一种抗体与相应的抗原发生凝集反应，该抗体又能与绵羊红细胞发生凝集反应，说明两者有相同的抗原决定簇。
2.右下图代表生物体内的三类生理过程。
图中的X表示外界进入生物体的物质，Y表示生物体内产生的物质。
在①②③生理过程中Y所代表的物质是A.载体、激素、酶B.酶、抗体、激素C.载体、酶、抗体D.载体、抗体、酶答案：D ①中X与Y结合后能进入细胞，则Y为载体。
②中X与Y结合后X被消除，则Y为抗体。
③中X与Y结合，X被分解成其他物质，则Y为酶。
3.在研究日照长短与黑暗对植物开花影响的问题时，通过闪光实验证实结果如下，能说明的是长日照的暗间断和长夜的光间断对长日照植物和短日照植物影响的图解A.能真正诱导短日照植物开花的条件是一定长度的黑暗B.闪光中断长夜，暗期的长度不变，诱导长日照植物开花C.闪光中断长夜，暗期的长度不变，抑制短日照植物开花D.黑暗中断长日，光期的变短，不影响长日照植物开花答案：A 从图可知，只有当连续黑暗长度达到一定值时，短日照植物才能开花。
4.下列关于粮食生产和农田生态系统的有关说法，正确的是A.我国有广大的沼泽地，可以通过填埋后种植粮食，提高我国粮食总产量B.农田生态系统的抵抗力稳定性较小，其恢复力稳定性也较小C.农田生态系统抵抗力稳定性较小，易受旱涝和病虫害的影响D.农田生态系统的食物链简单，可以任意改造答案：C 抵抗力稳定性较大时，该系统的恢复力稳定性就较小，两者是相反的关系。
2005英语一答案
2005英语一答案【篇一：2005考研英语真题答案解析】section i use of english (10 points)1-5. cbacb6-10. adadb11-15. cadcd 16-20. bcdabsection ii reading comprehension (60 points)part a (40 points) 21-25. cbacb 26-30. cdadb 31-35. acdda 36-40. bdabcpart b (10 points) 41-45. ecgfbpart c (10 points)46. 电视是创造和传递感情的手段之一。
也许在此之前，就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系而言，电视还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中起过如此大的作用。
47.多媒体集团在欧洲就像在其他地方一样越来越成功了。
这些集团把相互关系密切的电视台、电台、报纸、杂志、出版社整合到了一起。
48.仅这一点就表明在电视行业不是一个容易生存的领域。
这个事实通过统计数字一目了然，统计表明在80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不少于50%。
49.创造一个尊重不同文化和传统的“欧洲统一体”绝非易事，需要战略性选择。
正是这些文化和传统组成了连接欧洲大陆的纽带。
50.在应付一个如此规模的挑战过程中，我们可以毫不夸张地说，“团结，我们就会站起来；分裂，我们就会倒下去。
”section Ⅲ writing (30 points)part a (10 points) a letter, to quitjun 22, 2005dear mr. wang,first of all, please allow me to express my deep sorry to you for my resignation. i do know that this will bring about much trouble to you so that i write to you for my explanation.i decided to quit for some reasons as follows. to begin with, the job as an editor for the magazine designs fashions is not suitable to me. what’s more, i’m preparing for another degree and i prefer to further my study. again, i apologize for my resignation to you!i am looking forward to your early reply.yours sincerely,li mingpart b (20 points)a helpless fatherthe picture ironically shows that a pitiable old man in rags is being helplessly kicked off by his three sons and a daughter, who all wear decent clothes. the father’s negligent children are all guarding their home gates lest their old father “roll into” their households. in other words, they four ignore their moral sense of assuming the responsibility for their old father even though they may be all living a satisfying life. that is a painful scene we often encounter in our daily life.sad to say, the moral decline of the younger generations may be a rather explosive situation in our modern society. people definitely have their living conditions improved by wider and wider margins, as evidenced by the four children’s decent dressing, but their moral sense still remains sadly unchanged or in some cases becomes dramatically downgrading. most people might have become too much self-centered, and even worse, they discard the tradition of giving respect to the elderly. they no longer care for their elders, let alone their neighbors or the disadvantaged; instead they try every means to avoid responsibility for other citizens. when one cares for others, one might even appear stupid or may even be distrusted.therefore, we have to take some useful measures to avoid the scene that is mentioned above. we must launch a variety of campaigns about the return to the good tradition of giving help and love the elderly. moreover, we must appeal to our government to establish some relevant laws to punish those who avoid their duties. the last but not the least, our respect for age is an indication of the progress of human society, as imperatives of traditions require. we sincerely wish that the old man could be welcome to any of the four households, elegantly dressed, and a smile on the face.2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解section i use of english1. c 空格前讲的是，和动物相比，人的嗅觉常被认为不灵敏，空格后讲的是，…这主要是因为，…动物，我们是直立的。
2005年考研英语真题答案及解析
2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析这是一篇科普性说明文，文章主要介绍了人类嗅觉的特点及原因。
文章首段指提出说明的中心。
第二段对人们对某些气味的敏感程度的差异原因进行了分析，并指出这种不敏感是可以改变的。
第三段进一步解释了人类对气味不敏感的原因。
二、试题解析1.[A]although虽然，表让步[B]as因为，表因果[C]but但是，表转折[D]while虽然，表让步【答案】C【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】0.183【解析】从选项内容和文章中句子结构可以判断空要求填入一个表示前后两个句子逻辑关系的连词，空前的句子谈到“和动物相比，人类经常被认为是不敏感的”，空后谈到这主要是由于我们是直立行走的（动物）。
显然后句是说明人类不敏感的原因，既然人类不敏感是有原因的，那么反过来表达的就是人类应该是敏感的，前句谈到不敏感，后句反馈的是敏感，含义对立，只能填入转折连词，故答案为C。
2.[A]above在上面[B]unlike不像……[C]excluding不包括[D]beside除……之外【答案】B【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】0.874【解析】这里在谈到人是直立的动物之前，出现了一个动物，显然是和人类进行对比，能表示这一含义的只有B。
3.[A]limited(to)局限于[B]committed(to)献身于[C]dedicated(to)致力于，献身于[D]confined(to)局限于【答案】A【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】0.395【解析】空所在的句子开头用“this means…”，显然这是对上面一句的继续解释，句子说“我们的鼻子感受到那些浮在空气中的气味，大部分气味依附于地面。
”前文已经谈到由于人类的直立而使得人类不如动物敏感，那么直立自然应该能感受到浮在空气中的气味，而感受不到依附于地面的气味，这样人类的嗅觉就是有局限的，因此前面的一个空填入的词应该表示局限于空气中的气味，后面一空填的应该表示没有能感觉到依附于地面的气味，符合这一语义的第一空为limited，后一空为missing，故本题答案为A，下一空答案为C。
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1. 要组成 1 摩尔的 C8H18-空气混合物，当Φ=2/3 时，需要多少空气量？如果这一混合 物进行燃烧，请给出燃烧后的产物的组成（分别按质量分数和摩尔分数来表示），假
A1
设燃烧为完全燃烧。（How much air is needed for the preparation of a C8H18-air mixture
Solution：Elementary reaction is reaction that can occur in one collision. For these reactions, the elementary reactions are:
3，only one bond is broken, and one bond is formed.
and： H prod Hreact
we get：T=3108K，
It is consistent with our assumption, so the adiabatic flame temperature is 3108K.
3. 假设对化学反应 H2O+CO=CO2+H2 ，其在 1100K 和 p=1 大气压下的平衡常数 K=1， 试计算在 at p=8 atm , T=1100K 下的平衡常数 K。 Suppose for the (global) reaction H2O+CO=CO2+H2 the equilibrium constant K=1 at 1100K and p=1 atm. Estimate K at p=8 atm , T=1100K?[6 分]
Solution：in stoichiometric condition, the reaction can be expressed as：
A2
C3H8 5O2 3CO2 4H2O
with 50% of products recirculation, the final reaction can be expressed as：
TFuel=298K, TOxygen=398K，Trecirculation=448K，assume the adiabatic flame temperature is 3100K，the constant specific heats evaluated at 1700K，thus：
H react
thus, for 1mol mixture，the air needed is： 18.75 4.76 0.9889 mol 118.75 4.76
the composition of the products in terms of mole fraction is：
CO2：
8
0.0853
8 9 6.25 70.5
2. 假设在化学当量比条件下，计算 C3H8 和 O2 燃烧的理论燃烧温度，产物有 50%的 回流，并假设产物分解（H，O，OH,…）等可以忽略。即产物仅考虑为水和二氧化 碳。（且燃料温度为 298K，氧气浓度为 398K，回流的烟气的温度为 448K，理想气 体，压力为 1atm）Calculate the adiabatic flame temperature for the stoichiometric combustion of gaseous C3H8 with O2 and with products recirculation(50%). The occurrence of dissociation products(H,O,OH,…)should be neglected; i.e.,water and carbon dioxide are the only products.(TFuel=298K, TOxygen=398K,Trecirculation=448K, ideal gas, p=1 atm).[12 分]
C3H8 5O2 3CO2 4H2O 6CO2 8H2O ，
According to the first law, when the pressure is constant, the enthalpy of the reactants and the products are the same.
Solution: The equilibrium constant can be expressed as K exp(GT0 / RuT ) . For one
reaction, GT0 is a function which relates to temperature only. That is to say, it has
1 (103847) 5100 30.21 3 (393546
41.276 44.569 150) 4 (241845 2
34.437 35.337 150) 2
H prod 6[393546 59.316 (T 298)] 8[241845 48.901 (T 298)]
H2O：
9
0.0960
8 9 6.25 70.5
O2：
6.25
0.0667
8 9 6.25 70.5
N2：
70.5
0.7520 ，
8 9 6.25 70.5
And the composition of the products in terms of mass fraction is：
5，only one bond is broken, and one bond is formed.
7，only one bond is formed, and M transfers the energy.
9，only one bond is broken, and M transfers the energy.
with an equivalence ratio ofΦ=2/3, assuming 1 mol of mixture. If this mixture burned,
could you give the composition of the products in terms of mass fraction and mole fraction）.[10 分]
nothing to do with the pressure. So, K is the same if the temperature is the same, i.e. K =1 at p=8 atm, T=1100K.
4. 下述反应中哪些是基元反应，哪些不是？哪些又是没有更多的信息是无法确定是否 是基元反应？（Which of the following reactions are elementary ones, which not; for which reactions such a decision cannot be made without additional information:）[10 分]
1
H2+Br2
2
2H2+O2
2HBr
2H2O
A3
3
O+H2
OH+H
4
2O+CH3
CO+OH+2H
5
H+O2
OH+O
6
N2+O2
2NO
7 H+H+M
H2+M
8
NO+NO+O2
NO2+NO2
9
C3H8+M
C2H5+CH3+M
并对每个反应说明你的理由（Please give the arguments for your decision in each case!）
实用文档
清华大学热能工程系 2005 级“燃烧学”期中考试试卷（A 卷） Middle Term Examination of Combustion (A)
考试时间(Date)： 2008 年 4 月 25 日 班级(Class)：
学号(Student No.)：
姓名(Name)：
Instructions(提示):
CO2：
8 44
0.1309
8 44 918 6.25 32 70.5 28
H2O：
9 18
0.0603
8 44 918 6.25 32 70.5 28
O2：
8
44
9
6.25 32 18 6.25 32
70.5 28Biblioteka 0.0744N2：
70.5 28
0.7344
8 44 918 6.25 32 70.5 28
1 请将你的学生证放在桌子的右上角（Please put your Photo student ID on the desk） 2 考试为开卷考试，允许带教科书，作业，课件，笔记本和另外的参考书各一样，但
不能互借，答题必须独立完成。（The examination is OPEN BOOKS. Calculators, textbook, homework and notebook are allowed, but they can not be lent to others. You should answer the questions independently and help is not allowed） 3 试卷共有11题，你要在120分钟内完成这次考试，先检查一下你的卷子，题目是否对， 共有5页。答案必须写在答题卷上，试题卷上回答无效。答题必须明确，清晰，计算 题应给出单位。（There are 11 questions on this exam with 5 pages. You have up to 120 minutes to work on this exam. Please be sure that you have a complete exam package. Please work exam problems on the pages provided. Show your work neatly and write your answers. Give units for all answers requiring them.） 4 如果试卷不对，请立即与监考教师说明。（If a page is missing, take the exam to a proctor immediately.） 5 强烈推荐你先读一下所有的问题，并对回答问题的时间进行按排。答卷完成后请再 仔细检查一下。（Budget your time for each question and be sure to first answer those questions that you know how to work. Check your work after completing the exam.） 6 请你现在就在答卷纸和试卷纸上写上你的名字与学号，并在你的答卷纸首页上标明 你的试卷的类型（A或B卷）（PRINT your name NOW in the spaces at the top of your pages. Mark the exam type A or B） 7 答卷可以用中文或英文，如果是双语的，以中文为准。试卷有英译的，也以中文为 准。(The answers can be in English or Chinese. If two languages are used in one answer, I will take Chinese as the selection. Some of the problems have been translated in English. If there are any difference between Chinese and English, Chinese is for your choice.)