高考英语二轮复习阅读理解创优专练7

2014届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解创优专练7Passage 1In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery” -feeling important andworthwhile-and the sources of what we call a sense of “pleasure”-finding life enjoyable-are not always the same. Women often are told “You can’t have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You choose a career, so you can’t expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children-what’s all this about wanting a career?” B ut women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two aspects. One is mastery, which includes self-respect, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other aspect, and it is made up of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa（反之亦然）。

For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and correct past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are important. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women were valued significantly higher in mastery than women who were not employed.A woman’s well-being is developed when she takes on multiple（多项的）roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of roles-marriages, motherhood, and employment-were the highest in well-being, in spite of warnings about stress and strain.64. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ________.A. for women, a sense of “mastery” is more important than a sense of “pleasure”B. for women, a sense of “pleasure” is more important than a sense of “mastery”C. women can’t have a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” at the same timeD. a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” are both necessary to women65. The author’s attitude towards women having a career is________.A. negativeB. positiveC. neutral（中立的）D. realistic66. One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on several social roles,________.A. it will be easier for her to overcome stress and strainB. she will be more successful in her careerC. her chances of getting promoted will be greaterD. her life will be richer and more meaningful67. Which of the following can be considered as a source of “pleasure” for women?A. Family lifeB. Multiple roles in societyC. Regular employmentD. Freedom from anxiety参考答案64.D 65.B 66.D 67.APassage 2Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general.Why are uniforms so popular in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian（百姓的）clothes.People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform.The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes.Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform.What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform?Uniforms also have many practical benefits.They save on other clothes.They save on laundry bills.They are tax-deductible（可减税的）。

They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them.Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement.When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems.Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes.Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.56.It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.A.still judge a man by his clothesB.hold the uniform in such high regardC.enjoy having a professional identityD.will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform57.People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.A.suggests quality workB.discards his social identityC.appears to be more practicalD.looks superior to a person in civilian clothes58.The chief function of a uniform is to _______.A.provide practical benefits to the wearerB.make the wearer catch the public eyeC.inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfD.provide the wearer with a professional identity59.According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.A.are usually helpfulB.have little or no individual freedomC.tend to lose their individualityD.enjoy greater popularity60.The best title for this passage would be _______.A.Uniforms and SocietyB.The Importance of Wearing a UniformC.Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD.Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms参考答案56.B 57.A 58.D 59.C 60.DPassage 3Animals are more like us than we ever imagined.They feel pain, they experience stress, they show affection, excitement and love.All these findings have been made by scientists in recent years---and such results are beginning to change how we view animals.Strangely enough, some of this research was sponsored by fast food companies like McDonald’s and KFC.Pressured by animal rights groups , these companies felt they had to fund scientists researching the emotional and mental states of animals. McDonald’s, for instance, funded studies on pig beh avior at Purdue University, Indiana.This research found that pigs seek affection and easily become depressed if left alone or prevented from playing with each other.If they become depressed, they soon become physically ill.Because of this, and other similar studies, the European Union has banned the use of isolating pig stalls from 2010.In Germany, the government is encouraging pig farmers to gibe each pig 20 seconds of human contact a day, and to provide them with toys to prevent them from fightingOther scientists have shown that animals think and behave like humans.Koko, the 300-pound gorilla at the Gorilla Foundation in Northern California, for instance, has been taught sigh language.Koko can now understand several thousand English words, more than many humans who speak English as a second language.On human IQ tests, she scores between 70 and 95.Before such experiments, humans thought language skills were absent from the animal kingdom.Other myths are also being overturned, like the belief that animals lackself-awareness.Studies have also shown that animals mourn their dead, and that they play for pleasure.These striking similarities between animal and human behavior have led some to ask a question: “If you believe in evolution, how can’t you believe tha t animals have feelings that human beings have?”Until recently, scientists believed that animals behaved by instinct and that what appeared to be learned behavior was merely genetically-programmed activity.But as Koko the Gorilla shows, this is not the case.In fact, learning is passed from parent to offspring far more often than not in the animal kingdom.So what implications does this knowledge have for humans? Because of this, should we ban hunting and animal testing? Should we close zoos? Such questions are beingraised by many academics and politicians.Harvard and 25 other American law schools have introduced courses on animal rights.Germany meanwhile, recently guaranteed animal rights in its constitution---the first country to do so.68.McDonald’s and KFC give money to support scientist to do research on animals,because_____A.they are international big companies.B.they love animals.C.they are pressured by animal right groups.D.they earn a large amount of money and want to do some good deeds.69.The research on pigs at Purdue University shows that______A.pigs love being alone.B.pigs easily become physically ill.C.pigs need affection.D.pigs don’t like to play with each other.70.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Animals behave by instinct.B.Animals have self-awareness.C.Animals have feelings and love.D.Animals do not have language skills.71.Should we ban hunting and animal testing?A.Yes.B.NoC.Not certainD.Not mentioned参考答案68.C 69.C 70.D 71.DPassage 4ChinaCoal mines claim more lives. A COAl mine blast（爆炸）in Jixi, Heilongjiang, left more than 100 miners dead on Thursday. Ten mines in Jixi were ordered to stop production. The government has tried to shut down thousands of small, illegal mines in the country that do not meet safety standards.MIDDLE EASTBombers continue to kill. PALESTINISANS killed 32 Israeli in three major attacks between Tuesday and Thursday. There were two suicide bombings and a militant （武装的）attack on a Jewish settlement. They yielded one of the highest Israeli death tolls（死亡人数）in such a short period over the last two years.CHINAYoung people stand tall. THE average height of Chinese young people has risen by 6 centimeters compared to that of 20 years ago. This far exceeds（超过）the word’s average growth speed. A survey on health conducted by a panel（调查组）of Chinese students found the results. According to the world average level, youths get taller by 1 cm every 10 years.CANADATalking about world issues. The Group if Eight（G8）-the US, Japan, Germany, Britain, France, Italy, Canada and Russia - will hold a summit on June 26 and 27 in Kananaskis, Canada. The G8 are the richest and most powerful countries in the world. G8 leaders and some African presidents will discuss strengthening global economic growth and helping Africa. United Nations Secretary - General, will also attend.49.Thousands of mines have been shut because__________ .A.they have blastB.they produced less coalC.they are very smallD.they don’t meet the safety standards50.How many Israelis died in the three major attacks by Palestinians?A.23B.32C.100D.We don’t know51.In the last 20 years, the average growth speed of Chinese youths exceeds the world’s average level by _____ .A.1 cmB.4cmC.5 cmD.6 cm52.What’s the purpose of the Summit?A.To strengthen the global economic growth and help some poor African countries.B.To make these eight countries much more powerfulC.To help some African presidents to strengthen their economic growth.D.United Nations Secretary - General will have an important speech on the world issues答案 49.D 50.B 51.B 52.APassage 5The interview had been going on for about 20 minutes and everything seems to be going well. Then, suddenly, the interviewer asks an unexpected question, “Which is more important, law or love?”Job applicants in the west increasingly find themselves asked strange questions like this. And the signs are that this is beginning to happen in China.Employers want people skilled, enthusiastic and devoted. So these are the qualities that any reasonably intelligent job applicants will try to show no matter what his or her actual feelings are. In response, employers are increasingly using questions which try and show the applicant’s true personality.The question in the first paragraph comes from a test called Kiersey Personality Sorter. It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems, rather than what they know. This is often called aptitude（能力）testing.According to Mark Baldwin of Alliance many job applicants in China are finding this type of questions difficult. When a Chinese person fills out an aptitude test he or she will think there is a right answer and they may fail because they try to guess what the examiner wants to see.This is sometimes called the prisoner’s dilemma（窘境）。