高一下学期必修四 module4 great scientists单元检测完整版

Module 4 Great Scientists模块测试与评价（满分100分）第一部分语法和词汇知识（每题1分，共15分）1. It will make no difference whether our pay will be _______ 5% this year.A. risen byB. raised byC. raised toD. risen to2. He slipped and had his leg broken. _______, he will have to be away from school for two or three months.A. In any caseB. After allC. As a resultD. In this way3. His success _______ his hard work.A. results inB. results fromC. lies onD. roots in4. Scientists have made a major ____ in cancer research.A. break-inB. breakthroughC. breakupD. breakdown5. An expert was _____ to give a speech on how to learn English well.A. brought inB. brought onC. brought outD. brought up6. The old man was taking a walk, ____ by his grandson.A. supportingB. supportedC. being supportedD. having supported7. —What about the price of petrol now?—It has been ______ 20 percent since the beginning of this year.A. increased toB. risen byC. increased byD. risen to8. Patience is an important ____ of a happy and rewarding life. After all, some things are worth waiting for.A. lessonB. experienceC. purposeD. quality9. Mr. Green, who is a member of Labor Party, has _____ Mr Brown as President.A. taken placeB. taken the placeC. in place ofD. replaced10. How beautifully she sang! I have never heard _______ song.A. the betterB. a betterC. the bestD. a best11. He is known _____ his being on time, so we don’t know the reason ____ his being late this time.A. for; ofB. as; forC. for; forD. of; of12. The hero’s story ____ differently in the newspapers.A. was reportedB. was reportingC. reportsD. reported13. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?—No. I ____. Did they have a big wedding?A. was not invitedB. have not been invitedC. hadn’t been invitedD. didn’t invite14. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ____ by 2006. (2004北京)A. has been completedB. has completedC. will have been completedD. will have completed15. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ____ to ear more fruit and vitamins.A. persuadeB. will persuadeC. be persuadeD. are persuaded第二部分能力培养（共50分）第一节完形填空（每空1分，共20分）Why don’t birds get lost on their long migratory (迁移的) flights? Scientists tried their best to find the 1 to this question for many years. The reasons have been discovered only lately.2 ago experiments showed that birds depend on the sun to guide them3 . But what about birds that fly mainly by night?4 with man-made stars have5 that certain night-flying birds are able to follow the6 in their long distance flights.One such 7 , a warbler (鸣禽), had spent its lifetime in a 8 and had never flown under a natural sky. Yet is showed its 9 by birth to use the stars for guidance. The bird's cage was put under a man-made star-filled sky at migration 10 . The bird tried to fly 11 the same direction as 12 taken by other birds in the building. Any 13 in the position of the make-believe (虚构的) stars 14 a change in the direction of its flight.Scientists think that warblers, 15 flying in daylight, use the sun for guidance. But stars are clearly their important 16 of navigation(导航). What do they do when the stars are 17 behind the clouds? Clearly, they find their way by such land 18 as mountains, coastlines and river courses. But when it's too 19 to see these, the warblers circle 201 , unable to find out where they were.1. A. reply B. answer C. discovery D. replies2. A. Not long B. Long C. Centuries D. Years3. A. during the night B. during daylight hoursC. in winterD. in the dark4. A. Examinations B. Labs C. Tests D. In the dark5. A. been proved B. found C. been found D. proved6. A. stars B. moon C. route D. sun7. A. star B. scientist C. bird D. flight8. A. forest B. cage C. nest D. cave9. A. strength B. ability C. experience D. practice10. A. time B. place C. way D. season11. A. to B. towards C. in D. under12. A. that B. which C. one D. it13. A. one B. change C. way D. bird14. A. caused B. gave C. resulted D. meant15. A. for B. when C. after D. they are16. A. ways B. means C. objects D. homes17. A. shown B. covered C. moved D. hidden18. A. areas B. surface C. marks D. signs19. A. far B. high C. dark D. bright20. A. helplessly B. quickly C. easily D. freely第二节阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）ADo you suppose Darwin, one of the greatest scientists of all time, really did fools experiments? Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were foolish?Sometimes, people think they already know the answer to a question or the solution (解决办法) to a problem. Sometimes, they really do know an answer or a solution, but without thinking they are important.Charles Darwin didn’t settle for (满足于) just thinking he knew something. And, he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.Suppose you drop sheets of paper that are of exactly the same size and shape. If you drop them at the same time in the same place, they will fall in the same way. Now make one of the sheets of paper into a tight (紧的) little ball and let it drop along with the other sheets. What happens? You have done an experiment that is so simple that you might think it couldn’t be worth anything.But this simple experiment is important. It explains part of our present-day understandings of physics, ideas that were worked out long ago by Galileo and Newton. And these understandings set aside some of ancient Greek physics.Scientist sometimes stops to look at very simple things and to think very hard about them. Even the simplest idea, which we might think is foolish, can shake the foundations of science.1. The passage tells us that Charles Darwin ____.A. was a great English scientistB. always liked doing the experiments that others thought difficultC. thought even the simplest thing was importantD. didn’t get well with others2.The phrase “set aside”most probably means____ .A. throw awayB. store upC. put to useD. realize3. The author of the passage tries to ________.A. convince us that Charles Darwin, Galileo and Newton are the greatest scientists in the worldB. draw the conclusion that basic sciences are simple thingsC. prove that two sheets of paper, with the same size and shape, will fall at the same speedD. draw our attention to everyday happenings around us4. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Darwin really did fools experiments.B. According to some people Darwin did foolish experiments.C. It is believed by all the people that things could be important though they seemed to be simple.D. Galileo and Newton worked out ancient Greek physics.BFrancis Bacon, one of the most important philosophers(哲人) of England, was born in London and educated at Cambridge University. When he was only 15, he went to France to work for the English ambassador (大使) . Two years later he went back to England to study law. At the age of twenty-three he was chosen to parliament (议会). His ideas about how scientists should study things in nature help to bring the modern way of thinking, called the scientific method.One of the Bacon’s best-known books was his Essays. Each essay was a short piece of writing in which he tried to give a lesson by discussing sides of a subject such as studying, conversation, friends and healthy living. In many of his books, Bacon explained how scientists should study things as they really existed in nature and then tried to figure out what caused a particular thing to be as it was. Later, by doing experiments, the scientist could see that any one cause would always have the same result. This method, which is called inductive reasoning, is used by all the scientists today, but it was ne w in Bacon’s time.5. According to the passage we know that ____.A. Francis Bacon was the most important philosopher of EnglandB. Francis Bacon had good educationC. Francis Bacon worked for a French ambassador at the age of 15D. Francis Bacon stayed in France until he was 236. The underlined phrase “inductive reasoning”in the last paragraph means____.A. to discover general laws from particular facts or examplesB. to reach a conclusion by reasoning from general laws to a particular caseC. to study things as they used to beD. to study things in a particular way7. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Bacon was a learned man.B. Bacon did a lot of philosophy.C. The inductive reasoning was widely used both today and in Bacon’s time.D. Bacon gave scientists much useful advice.CWhat is green food? Do you enjoy green food every day? The concept of “green food” was first suggested by the Department of the Ministry of Agriculture in 1990.Green symbolizes life, health and energy. Nowadays, people demand healthy and fresh food. Having enough food to eat is only a basic requirement, and they need more than this. They want to enjoy unpolluted, safe and nutritious food and eat comfortably. So the government does this throug h a set of “from the land to the dinner table” quality controls. It requires to change China’s traditional agricultural structures and ensure the food of high quality.Safe vegetables refers to products without substances harmful to humans. Growing such vegetables requires no strong poisons, thus guaranteeing vegetables fresh and clean. There are strict regulations in place for even applying fertilizer(肥料). The examination of vegetables should reach the state food hygiene(卫生) standard. The following conditions for green food are regulated by the China Green Food Development Center. Firstly, products or raw materials must reach the green ecological environment standard set by the Ministry of Agriculture. Secondly, crop planting, livestock raising, fish breeding and food processing must follow green food operating procedures set by the Ministry. Products must be up to the green food hygiene standard. External packing must be pasted with national standard universal labels, special green food packing decoration and tag regulations.However, by now, our goal hasn’t been completely realized. When you return home with a full basket, you are still worried about whether what you have bought is green and healthy. Indeed, for the sake of our health, we still have a long way to go.8. According to the passage, we know that green food __________.A. means the color of food is greenB. mainly refers to green vegetablesC. doesn’t need to be fertilizedD. is examined by a series of standards9. Which of the following isn’t the required standard green food must reach?A. Green food must not cause ecological destruction.B. Green food should agree with green food operating procedures.C. Green food itself should be labeled with special packing decoration.D. Green food should meet the green food hygiene standard.10. According to the passage, we know the Ministry of Agriculture is a department ____.A. which governs agricultureB. which sells food and vegetablesC. which plants green foodD. which examines food standards11. The best title for this passage probably is ___________.A. Green food and healthB. The green food projectC. The future of green foodD. The regulations of green foodDA high school in Hiroshima City has been the first to do something with DNA in the world. Its students have won praise not only for doing this research but also for presenting their findings to groups of expert scientists. The school is one of the Super Science High Schools allowed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, where students are given an opportunity to study science at an advanced level. Here, students use the same type of hitech experimental laboratories as those found at universities. In these labs, they conduct experiments and research in new fields of study not found in textbooks. As part of this science course, the students, with the help of Hiroshima University, used a machine called sequencer (音序器), and over the course of a year and a half they succeeded in decoding (解译) the DNA. They then presented their results to academic groups. Achieving a world first might sound very wonderful, but the process of decoding the DNA involved very hard work. The students were also responsible for maintaining the equipment, and they had to read difficult research papers and put in extra study beyond their regular schoolwork."Researchers need to work hard. The work was tiring, but the students worked toward their ambitious goal of achieving a world first. They have a great sense of achievement, and the number of students who hope to become biologists has increased," said Taruma Akinori, who is in charge of the science course.In addition to the results being added to the scientific community, the students’research paper will be translated into English and made available overseas. Moreover, the students have decided to take on a new challenge in DNA decoding.12. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?A. Decoding the blueprint of lifeB. Super Science High SchoolC. More students hoping to become biologistsD. Hi-tech experimental laboratory13. Up to a point, their success is due to ______.A. hi-tech experimental facilitiesB. the great pressure their school put on themC. the increasing number of biologistsD. little interest in their regular school work14. The research paper will be put into English in order to ______.A. become an English textbookB. help the students make English friendsC. make the results known by the whole worldD. challenge foreign scientists15. The author’s attitude towards those students who have accomplished a world first in DNA decoding is ______.A. indifferentB. admiringC. slightingD. disappointed第三部分写作训练（共35分）第一节根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词（每题2分，共10分）1. According to the rules of the work you should prefer quality to q_____.2. His book, p___________ the year before last, still sells well now.3. With new technology used in a__________ more crops are produced.4. Last year my brother g______ from Beijing University and found a job there.5. Some scientists like to e______ with small white mice.6.The _____（本来的）owner of the house was the Duke of Wellington.7._____(生物化学)is very popular in science today.8.He is not_____ (身体上地)ill but mentally (思想上地) ill.9.The writer was _____（教育）at a very good school.10. _________ (产量)of computers has increased double in the last few weeks.第二节翻译句子（每句2分，共10分）1. 中国比亚洲任何其他国家都大。