上海徐汇区高三英语一模卷附答案

上海徐汇区高三英语一模卷附答案The document was prepared on January 2, 20212015学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷和第II卷，全卷共11页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. $14. B. $40. C. $45.D. $80.2.A. Go sightseeing. B. Go to asinging club.C. Ride a bike.D. Sleep inbed.3.A. A bus driver. B. A postoffice clerk.C. A deliverer.D. Asalesperson.4.A. Set up a museum. B. Start doingexercise.C. Stop buying cellphones.D. Go tothe doctor.5.A. On a bus. B. At arailway station.C. On a plane.D. Inthe field.6.A. The man can only speak Spanish. B. The man knowsnothing about Spanish.C. The man is reading an English book.D. The man likesdrawing pictures.7.A. The poor cell phone service. B. Acareless woman driver.C. Traffic lights.D. Atraffic accident.8.A. She plans to quit the school sports meet. B. She hasbeen told about the changed time.C. The school sport meet has been put off.D. She isignorant of the change of the time.9.A. It’s right for the woman to spend the money. B. Thewoman could have said it better.C. He does feel uneasy to buy a house.D. It’sbetter to save money for a house.10. A. The man hasn’t contacted his parents this term.B. The man didn’t pass th e exam last term.C. The woman will send a message to his parents.D. The exam result hasn’t been declared yet.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A musical instrument. B. Aspecial holiday.C. A family tradition.D. A historicalevent.12. A. On the day after Christmas. B. For theweek after Christmas.C. Throughout the year.D. Since the beginning of December.13. A. It is celebrated by African Americans only.B. It is a traditional religious holiday in Africa.C. It is a time for people to honor black culture.D. It was created as an alternative to Christmas.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.14. A. The earthquake struck at 19:54 Thursday night.B. There was no aftershock following the earthquake.C. The earthquake caused a low-intensity tsunami(海啸).D. The quake center was 44 miles away from Santiago.15. A. 3,000 houses were damaged.B. Some boats were stuck inland.C. At least 11 people were killed.D. Over 1 million people got injured.16. A. Powerful support from the government.B. Confidence in conquering disasters.C. Deep concern for the victims.D. Determination to take more adventures.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My business has to come before sleepThe moment I fall into bed at around , I’m dead to the world ... until － ping! －it’s 3 . and I’m wide awake.I instantly check my phone and spend the next 40 minutes in bed (25) ________ (answer) emails on my computer. By 4 ., my brain is in overdrive and there is only one thing for it: to get up and start working.I know most people are foggy at this time, but I find the early morning to be (26) ________ period of great creativity. I get more done in those few hours than the rest of the day, (27) ________ I’m constantly interrupted.People ask (28) ________ I find time to run a business, prepare presentations, write books, network with clients and raise a family. Well, this is the answer: by having only four-and-a-half hours of sleep.Yes, I probably (29) ________ just about do everything if I got up at ., but it would mean working in the evening when I need to spend time with my family. I have lots of friends with the same problem. We have what we jokingly call “Insomniacs(失眠症患者) Group” on Facebook, where we chat with each other in the middle of the night. It has becomea real way (30) ________ friendship, and I’d miss it if we didn’t have that time to chat.While I’m often perfectly happy starting my day at 3 ., sometimes, (31) ________ I’m tired, I feel annoyed with myself. Why can’t I just switch off But then I don’t want to either. There are so many things I have to do, and a 3 . start is the only way (32) ________ (achieve) everything.(B)The Renaissance (文艺复兴)For many people, the Renaissance means 14th to 16th century Italy, and the developments in art and architecture, music and literature which took place there all that time. But there is one work which, perhaps more than any other, (33) ________ (express) the spirit of the Renaissance: the Mona Lisa. It is believed to be(34) ________ (good) example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used. (35) ________ (paint) by Leonardo da Vinci in the years 1503-1506, the Mona Lisa is a mysterious masterpiece. People want to know who Mona Lisa is, and why she is smiling. (36) ________ ________ people do not know much about the Renaissance, they have heard of this painting.The Renaissance was a time of scientific invention, too. Leonardo, as well as being one of the greatest painters the world has ever known, was also a skilled inventor. Wherever he went, he carried a notebook around with him, (37) ________ ________ he wrote down his ideas. They included detailed drawings of the human body, plans for engineers to build canals and bridges, and (38) ________(astonish) drawings ofmachines which were not to be built until hundreds of years later, such as aeroplanes, parachutes(降落伞), submarines(潜水艇) and tanks. Towards the end of his life he (39) ________ (employ) by the King of France to do scientific research, and he did not have a lot of time for painting. In short, he was an extraordinary genius, an example of what has been described as “Renaissance man”: someone interested in (40) ________ and with many different talents.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. deliveryB. alternativeC. enormouslyD. floatingE.analyzed F. processG. determine H. visible I. messy J. disturbingly K.patternsEveryone knows that the Internet haschanged how business operate, governments function and people live. However, a new, less 41 technologicaltrend is just as transformative: “big data.” Big data starts with the fact that there is a lot more information 42 around these days than ever before and it is being put to extraordinary new uses.Consider language translation, for example. When IBM first started to work on machine translation in the 1990s, it just fed a small number of high-quality translation into a computer and programmed it to inferwhich word in one language is the best 43 for another. Although this 44 revolutionized the task of translation, the result was far frombeing perfect. Then, in 2006, Google burst in. Instead of millions of pages of texts, the search giant 45 billions, from corporatewebsites to documents in every language from the European Union. Theresult is that its translations are much better than IBM’s were and it covers 65 languages. Large amounts of 46 data defeated small amounts of cleaner data.Another good example of how big data can be 47 helpful is online shopping. Using data collected from customer shopping habits, today, Amazon can 48 who is most likely to purchase what and when. Details such as your history and wish list help the company gain a glimpse (一瞥) into your interests. Goods will then be dispatched to a logisticscenter(物流中心) near you and get packed before you even order, meaning that when you do make an online purchase, same-day 49 would be possible.With big data, instead of trying to understand exactly why an engine breaks down or why a drug’s side effect disappears, researchers caninstead collect and analyze massive quantities of information about such events and everything that is associated with them, looking for 50 that might help predict future occurrences.Big data answers not why but what. Finally, it will mark the moment when the “information society” finally fulfills the promise implied by its name.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Are we too slow to praise and quick to blame It seems we are.Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it. And yet, we are somehow 51 to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. To make matters worse, most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of 52 .It’s strange how chary(吝啬的) we are about praising. Perhaps it’s because few of us know how to accept compliments gracefully. 53 , we are embarrassed and shrug off(不予理睬) the words we are really so glad to hear. Because of this 54 reaction, direct compliments aresurprisingly difficult to give. That is why some of the most valued pats on the back are those which come to us 55 , in a letter or passed on by a friend. When one thinks of the speed with which spiteful(恶意的) remarks are conveyed, it seems a pity that there isn’t more effort to pass 56 comments.It’s especially rewarding to give praise in areas where effort generally goes unnoticed or 57 . An artist gets complimented for a glorious picture, a cook for a perfect meal. But do you ever tell your 58manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right Praise is particularly appreciated by those doing 59 jobs: gas-station attendants, waitresses － even housewives. Do you ever go into a house and say, “What a tidy room” Hardly anybody does. Shakespeare said, “Our praises are our wages.” Since so often praise is the only 60 a housewife receives, surely she of all people should get her measure.Teachers agree about the value of praise. One teacher writes that instead of drowning students’ compositions in critical red ink, the teacher will get far more 61 results by finding one or two things which have been done better than last time, and commenting 62 on them. “I believe that a student knows when he has handed in somethingabove his usual standard,” writes the teacher, “and that he waits hungrily for a brief comment in the margin(空白处) to show him that the teacher is aware of it, too.”To give praise 63 the giver nothing but a moment's thought and a moment’s effort. It is such a small 64 . And yet consider theresults it may produce. “I can live for two months on a good compliment,” said Mark Twain. So, let’s be 65 to the small excellences around us — and comment on them. We will not only bring joy into other people’s lives, but also, very often, add happiness into our own.51. A. guilty B. impatient C. fortunateD. reluctant52. A. charity B. criticism C. chemicalD. command53. A. Instead B. Therefore C. MoreoverD. Otherwise54. A. extreme B. immediate C. defensiveD. positive55. A. naturally B. indirectly C. similarlyD. closely56. A. pleasing B. unfair C. interestingD. objective57. A. unchanged B. unmatched C. unmentionedD. unemployed58. A. hotel B. personnel C. salesD. laundry59. A. ideal B. routine C. demandingD. steady60. A. wage B. chance C. inputD. support61. A. inevitable B. constructive C. disappointingD. concrete62. A. frequently B. occasionally C. criticallyD. favorably63. A. highlights B. provides C. costsD. signals64. A. achievement B. challenge C. investmentD. substitute65. A. certain B. alert C. resistantD. superiorSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them thereare four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Dad,I’m writing to you as I feel it’s been quite a while since we last spoke (two years to be exact, you hung up on me). So how is Germany How old are your other children now What have you been up to this year I finished my A-levels this summer. But enough small talk. On our European road trip in the summer, the journey took us close to your house and I asked Mum and my stepdad if we could pay a visit so that I could see you. Outside y our house, I couldn’t bring myself to get out of the car and knock on the door.I’ve tried so many different forms of communication － email, the phone and I also suggested Skype. Yet I still can’t get through to you.My mum, stepdad and I sat around the table trying to work out why I had felt unable to knock on your door that day. At last it came to me. I think, perhaps subconsciously, I was saving myself the grief of your response.Why can’t your parental obligations stretch to all three of your children, not just your two recent ones In our previous conversations, which ended suddenly, as your older son needed to be put to bed, I’d ask you how he was doing at school, and you’d talk about the weather. No one listening would be able to tell there was any difference between our relationship and one you might have with a neighbour.Forget your excuses – that the flight to visit me is expensive and that you need to look after your other children (I hope you can see the irony(讽刺) in that). While you watch their s chool plays, don’t you consider that I would have liked you to be there at minePerhaps the reason I didn’t knock on your door was that I just don’t care anymore. I’m exhausted trying to make this work. Maybe a part of me wasn’t actually bothered whether I saw you or not that day —you’ve already lost so much meaning in my life; you are someone who just sends me a birthday card.This isn’t me being bitter, although I was initially. It’s just a way of telling you how I really feel.Phoebe66. How did Phoebe feel when she was sitting in the car outside her father’s houseA. ExcitedB. PuzzledC. DisappointedD. Embarrassed67. Based on this letter, we can learn that Phoebe’s father_____________.A. lives in the same city with his daughterB. got divorced and left Phoebe and her motherC. has never had any communication with PhoebeD. takes good care of all his children68. What does the “irony” refer to in Paragraph 5A. He ended his conversation with Phoebe just to put his son to bed.B. He lives in a big house but has no money to buy an air ticket.C. He talked with Phoebe, his daughter, as if with a neighbour.D. Phoebe is also his child but he excuses himself from caring about her.69. Phoebe didn’t knock on her father’s door that day b ecause _____________.A. she was afraid of his dad’s unexpected responses to her visitB. she didn’t want to bother her father’s happy life with his current familyC. she was tired of being the one who make efforts for their relationshipD. she suddenly realized that her father had no meaning in her life(B)70. The William Kamkwamba: How I harnessed thewind Thomas Suarez: A 12-year-old appdeveloper Amy O'Toole, Beau Lotto:Science is for everyone, kids includedLauren Hodge, Shree Bose, Naomi Shah ：Award-winning teenage science in actionunderlined word “harnessed” probably means __________.A. usedB. stoppedC. chasedD. produced71. According to the passage, Thomas Suarez ___________.A. made big money by developing gamesB. learned to develop apps by himselfC. spent all his time on computer gamesD. taught adults to develop video games72. Danny, a 16-year-old boy who is working on a science project andplanning to participate in an online competition. Which of thefollowing will he most probably watchA. How I harnessed the windB. A 12-year-old App DeveloperC. Science for Everyone, Kids IncludedD. Award-winning Teenage Science in Action73. All these TED videos aim to ___________.A. analyze the different ways to successB. promote the latest scientific inventionsC. introduce the famous teenage speakersD. encourage passionfor science and creativity(C)Writer and journalist Cristina Odone aroused widespread anger by suggesting that her daughter was being pressured to take science for graduation exams and this was unreasonable for a child with a literary bent. She even claimed that “… this focus on STEM [Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics] subjects sends a message that makes her and me uncomfortable: doing a man’s work is more impressive than doing a woman’s.”Like many others, I totally disagree with her position as a scientist. Taking science to age 16 should simply be seen as part of obtaining awell-rounded education. Furthermore, identifying STEM as a man’ssubject leads in part to our serious lack of diversity(多样性) in the scientific workforce. Meanwhile, many male authors and poets might be surprised to learn that literature is “woman’s work”.Novelist Lucy Ellman once wrote, “The purpose of artists is to ask the right questions, even if we don’t find the answers, whereas the aim of science is to prove some silly points.” But proving some sillypoints might save your life, light your home, allow you to surf the webor visit your relatives living far away. Only someone who has neverconsidered how extensive the outputs of science are in our society could write such a “silly” sentence.However, having said that, I am not trying to denigrate the work of the humanities. I do not see this as an either/or situation but it’sall part of being human. I admire and appreciate those who try toexpress things hard to be described in words, but it simply isn’t my strength. I may wholeheartedly believe that science is vital but that doesn’t mean I think the humanities (or indeed the social sciences) are not. Since science costs more to do than arts subjects, more funding should go to science. That statement is not equal to saying that the humanities should not be properly funded. Somehow, we are constantly being put in opposition, a divide that is damaging to both scientistsand non-scientists.So why are the humanities important to me I would say it is exactly because I am human. I sit here typing listening to a Schubert piano trio.I have been reading EP Thompson’s The Making of the English Working Class to try to understand how our society was and is the shape it is. Scientists may be capable of dealing with the ethics(道德标准) of their work, but they cannot and should not answer the question of whether we should do this in isolation. Answering the many questions that ourdeveloping scientific capabilities throw up requires the input of researchers from many fields.So let us enjoy our capabilities on all fronts, recognizing that we each have different strengths and weaknesses. It’s time to ban the damaging divide that sets one part of the research community against another and celebrate our humanity as well as the Humanities.74. The writer quotes words from Cristina Odone and Lucy Ellman to show that ________.A. doing a man’s work is more impressiv e than doing a woman’sB. some people may have a narrow understanding of scienceC. the purposes of artists and scientists are totally differentD. a well-rounded education is crucial to the diversity in society75. By saying “I am not trying to denigrate the work of the humanities”, the writer probably means ________.A. I am not an expert in the work of the humanitiesB. I don’t think the work of the humanities importantC. I don’t want to play down the work of the humanitiesD. I admire and appreciate the work of the humanities76. Why does the writer mention listening to music and reading books in Paragraph 5A. To explain how extensive the outputs of science are.B. To call on scientists to understand the society and the shape of it.C. To prove that the humanities are important to scientists too.D. To advise scientists to deal with the ethics of their work.77. The purpose of this passage is to ______.A. reveal people’s weakness in expressing complex thoughts in wordsB. reject the idea that science only proves some silly pointsC. illustrate that scientists have strengths and weaknessesD. appeal to stop treating humanities and science as oppositesSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Do you find yourself leading groups, or are you naturally more comfortable following others Research published today shows that if youwant to be a leader you're better off at the edges of a crowd, and not in the middle of the action.In a series of experiments on crowd behaviour, a research team at the University of Leeds also found that successful leaders display more decisive behaviour, spending less time following others and acting more quickly than others in the group.Lead researcher Jolyon Faria said: “It was interesting to find that the most effective leaders remained on the edges of the group and attempted to lead from the front. You’d think leaders in the centre of the group should interact more often with others and therefore be more effective but here this wasn’t the case.”The research team asked groups of eight students to walk around continuously in a specified area and remain as a group without speaking or gesturing to one another.One person was asked to move towards a target, while remaining a member of the group, without letting the others know that he or she was leading them to a target. In a second set of experiments, the students were told to follow “the leader”, but not told who the leader was.In the second set of experiments, it was found that those leaders who remained on the edge of the group were able to move their grouptowards a target much more quickly than the leaders that chose to remain in the centre.“We wanted to find out how people decided who to follow” said Faria. “We found that people were able to identify their leader by what position the leader takes, which helps explain how animals in groups －such as birds and fish － can be led by only a small minority, even when leaders don’t signal their identity.”“Our findings have illustrated a general principle behind group behaviour. This can also be applied to animal groups, something that could help in the management of the natural environment, as well as in the management of the urban environment.”(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. The decisive behavior successful leaders display in a group is that they ____________.79. According to Jolyon Faria, people tend to have the wrong belief that leaders should ____________ in order to be more effective.80. We can learn from the passage that the fish leaders may lead the whole group by ___________.81. What does “a general principle” refer to in the last paragraph第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.在别人谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。