(完整)牛津沪教版英语九年级上首字母专项练习.doc

牛津沪教版英语九年级上首字母专项练习九年级上首字母专项训练Exercise 1Do you like to read science books? Reading science is not quite like reading a p____1__ or story. You read to get information. Over the years much of the scientific information that has beenc___2_____ has been put into books. So we read to learn. We should try to be better readers inscience.Books on science often contain many s__3____ new words and much new information. It is important for us to know the m__4____ of every word we read. There are many difficult words inscience books and articles. We must understand these words in order to understand the m____5___ the words bring.We must keep our m__6___ on what we are reading. We must know why we are reading. We ask questions before we read.“ What is this book about? Why should I read it? Will the title help me find out why I should read it?”If we can keep a record of what we read, that is, write down important words and information, these records help us remember what we have read. We read some books more than once. Often,we read to discover f___7___that we didn’ t find in our first reading.Exercise 2Chinese are very generous when it comes to educating their children. Not caring about themoney, parents often send their children to the best schools or even a___1__ to England, the United States or Australia. The Chinese believe that themore expensive an education is , the betterit is . So the parents will spend a lot ofmoney on education. Even poor couples will buy acomputer for their son or daughter. Though they are not rich, they would rather pay for theeducation.Parents can see that their children's skills vary , skilled in some areas while poor in others .But most parents fail to r____2_____ that today's children lack self -respect and self-confidence.牛津沪教版英语九年级上首字母专项练习The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choicetests and how to study well, but parents aren't teaching them the most important skills that theyneed. And these skills are important to help them to be confident , happy and c___3______.Parents can a___4___ this by teaching practical skills like cooking , sewing and doinghousework .Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that the will need later in life .Cooking demands p_____5___ and time . It's an enjoyable but difficult experiment. A good cookalways tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually to finish his jobs___6______. His result, a well -cooked dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot ofself-confidence.Some old m___7____ , such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your children to playwith will make him curious and arouse his interest He will spend hours looking at them , trying tofix them ; your childmight become an engineer when he grows up . These activities aren'tmerely teaching a child to read a book, but rather to think , to use his mind . And that is moreimportant. Exercise 3We can ’reallyt say that one language is easier or more difficult than another language. Insome ways, English is an easy language to learn. Take the verbs for example, in some languages,you have to make many,many c____1___ to the verb — in Latin, for example, there are more than120 different f___2__ of one verb! In English, there are only five. With verb “ go”for exathere ’ s “ go” , “ goes ” , “ went ” , “ going ” , and “ gone ” , but we use them！in a lot of different way But the spelling and pronunciation of English are more difficult than in many other languages. Wehave a lot of s__3___in English, and the spelling isn ’ t very regular.Nobody know e___4__ how many people are learning English in the world today, but it ’ sc__5___ more than it was 50 years ago. For example, fifty years ago very few people in China learnedEnglish, but now the n___6__ of people learning English in china is bigger than thepopulation of the united states! So there are probably about 300 million people learning English at2 / 35牛津沪教版英语九年级上首字母专项练习2050 — that ’ s about thirty-five years from now—half of the world’ s population will speak English.I ’ m not sure, and I think we’ ll have to wait and see.Exercise 4Learning is natural. It begins the minute we are born. Our first teachers are our family members.At home we learn to talk and to dress and feed ourselves. Then we go to school. A teacher tells uswhat to learn and how to learn. Many teachers g____1____ us, and we pass many exams. Thenpeople say we are educated.Are you really educated? Let’ s think about the real meaning of learning. Knowing facts doesnot mean being able to solve problems. Solving problems r__2___ creativity, not just a goodm____3___. Some people who don’ t know many facts are good at solving problems.Henry is a good e_____4____. He left school at the age of 15. Later when his company couldnot build cars fast enough, he solved the problem. He thought of the assembly line( 装配线 ).What does a good teacher do? Does he give students facts to remember? Well, yes, we mustremember facts. But a good teacher shows how to find answers. He brings us to the stream ofk____5____. So we can drink for ourselves. When we are t___6__, we know where to go.True learning combines intake and output. We take information into our brains. Then we useit. Think of a computer: it stores a lot of information, but it can ’think. It only o___7___ commands. A person who only remembers facts is not really learned. Learning takes place onlywhen a person can use what he knows.Exercise 5To us students, learning is no doubt( 怀疑，疑问 )the most important thing, because learning isclosely related to our future. All of us have experienced learning from p____1____ to senior highschool. We learn knowledge; and furthermore, we also learn to b__2__ a man.Nowadays, with the rapid d____3___ of economy, our society and our country need moreand more talents of all kinds to meet different requirements in every f___4_____. The moreknowledge we learn and master, the better we’ ll p__5______ ourselves for the future. What we are牛津沪教版英语九年级上首字母专项练习learning should be combined with p___6_____ and with our future as well.As a famous s___7____ goes, “ one is never too old to learn, ”let ’ s try hard to learn for the future.Exercise 6High school students in Japan choose the universities they want to go to and apply for beforeJanuary of their final year. The university e____1____ exam is a standard nationwide test heldevery year in January. It p____2____ tests for 31 subjects in six subject areas: Japanese language,geography and history, civics, math, science and a foreign language. All national and publicuniversities, as well as some p__3____ ones make use of this exam. But many also have their owntests in February or later, before the new school year s____4_____ in April.In order to pass the exam for the best universities such as the national university of Tokyo,many students a____5_____ special preparation schools on top of their regular classes. These exraschools can l____6___ for one to two years between high school and university.A____7____ every student has the chance of going to a Japanese university, only 50 percentof high school seniors actually choose further study.Exercise 7Test scores make you either happy or sad and your parents pay high attention to your testresults. You spend days filling in blanks, trying to make the best answer to question after question.Maybe you tried your hardest or maybe you never tried! What you need to remember is that a testis a picture of you’ re a____1from just one day. It consists of some pieces including yourhealth, your personality, your interests, and your motivation. You need to look at all the pieces toget a clear idea of your p____2_____. So whether your scores are higher than you thought, or lessthan you had hoped, try not to think of them as what you will be at last. It probably c____3____you why your scores have become the focus of your life. The purpose of a test is to c___4____how much you have learned about a subject. It not only helps make your newly acquiredknowledge forever, but also e__5____ you to find out what needs to spend more time improving.If you’ re p leased with the results, encourage yourself to work for a further aim. If disappointment牛津沪教版英九年上首字母has overcome you, ask your teacher and your parents to help you set a reasonable goal forimprovement. Most exams are about to test your skill in certain subject areas such as math,language and arts. Some c___6___ your skills to other students’ skills from across the country, o (98)just test whether or not you have mastered a specific skill. These scores can be very puzzling⋯ even to adults. You should speak to both your teacher and your parents to find out what they meanin your e____7_____ journey. It is important to take a correct attitude towards test scores.Exercise 8In American schools, computers have taken over many of the jobs that teachers used to do.Computers ask students questions. If the students give the right answer, the computer will say,“ Fantastic! ” Some students can do e___1____ and homework on their computers.Both students and teachers are crazy about computers.“ With computers, students get help at once, ” said one teacher.“ But if the students don’ t have computers, they must w___2__ for me to walk around and get to them.”“ I can t__3___ faster than write,” said a student.“ Using a computer is easier than using an eraser.”Computers are also very p___4____. A teacher may get angry with a student, but computersare always calm. When a student gives the wrong answer, the computer just say, “ Pleasetrya___5_____.”Companies that make software for schools have a difficult job. They must make the softwareas interesting as the p___6_____ that students watch on TV . But they are s____7____, becausestudents like computers as much as teachers do.Exercise 9As we know, our school is going to give extra lessons during Labor Holiday. It set off a warmd____1___ among the teachers and the students. So the student union made a s___2____ about it.牛津沪教版英语九年级上首字母专项练习Here are the results.Almost 90 percent of the teachers are a__3___ giving extra lessons during holiday. They think it is time for relaxation and rest, both for teachers and students. Students should be givenenough time and f____4____ to develop their own interest and enjoy outdoor activities. It is good for their study later on.60 percent of the students have the same idea as the teachers. They say they need more time to relax and get ready for a b__5___ start. On the other side about 40 percent agree to have lessons during the holiday. They want to learn more things.What about the parents? They all agree to it, though they c__6___ about the high price they have to p__7____. They think that having someone take care of their children is better than leaving them alone at home, and also children at school can learn something no matter how littleit is.Exercise 10Every year, high school juniors and seniors from across the US take the Scholastic Aptitude Test（ SAT, 学术自能测试）.The SAT 1 is a three-hour exam that tests students' maths and verbal （词汇的） s___1____. Most universities will not a___2____students without this test. his also used to decide how much financial aid （经济资助）should be given to each student. Scores range from 200 to 800 for each part. There is a total of 1 600 points. The test is held each year from October to June. But seniors must take it before December in order to include their scores in their university application. Thea___3_____ total score for an American high school student is around 1, 000.A poor SAT 1 score can p___4____ a student from going to a good university. Students who want to go to one of America's best universities, such as Harvard or Yale, must score between1 430 and 1 600.The test can be taken over and over again, but all the scores will a___5____ on the students' records. However, unlike Chinese universities, the score is not the only thing needed. American universities also look at a student's subject grades, what they do outside of school, and their teachers' recommendations.In addition to the SAT 1 some universities r___6___ high school students to take at leastthree SAT 2s. These one-hour exams can be taken in any subject, for example c__7_____ orFrench.Exercise 11Never try to work when you are very hungry. If you want to do your homework right afterschool, you may want to eat something before getting to work. Always do your homework beforeyou get too t___1___. Don’ t wait until very late in the evening, assignment(orthe作业 ) will seemmuch harder than it r___2____ is.O___3____ your time into a few parts if you have more than an hour ’ s work, give yourself a’ t get a b____4___ after an hour. On the other hand, don ’ t break it up so much that you can done. Youshould be able to work at least half an hour at a time without s___5_____.Don’ t put it off until the last minute. If you put off doing your homework, you will have it onyour mind, and you won’ t enjoy your free time so much. If you put it off until thedenof the weekor until right before a test, you will have too much c___6___ up. A little bit each night, enough tokeep up with what is happening each day in school, will take the fear at tests and keep you on topof it all.Do your homework at the same time every day. This will help you make it a habit—part ofyour daily work. It will make it easier to do, and it will make your free time more e___7____ aswell.Exercise 12There are many things you have to do each day. But no matter what you ’ re trying to do, there are three important steps you need to take: Get organized. Stay focused( 集中注意力 ). Get it done!Get organized.For schoolwork, it means having one notebook where you s___1____ all your work. Thenyou know what you have to do and when.Planning means d____2____ what you will do and when you will do it. Calendars, lists andschedules can help you plan. Making a schedule or a -do ”list is a “goodto idea. Add new things asyou get new assignments and c____3____ off those’ ve done. Use your list to help you decideyou which one is the most important thing to do first.Stay focusedTo keep your mind focused, talk to yourself through the work. Ask yourself, “ what do I to do now?” answer your question, then go a____4_____ and do it. Sometimes, your mindwanders. Then you might have to change the way you ’ re sitting so you ’ re more comfortable. Tak a nice deep b____5____ or get up and stretch.(伸展 )Get it doneHang in there until it’ s all done, and don’ t g___6______ up when you ’ re halfway through For anything you do, getting it done means finishing what you start, doing a good job andchecking your work.Oh, one more important thing: take a moment to admire( 欣赏 ) the work you ’ ve done. Youhave a good reason to feel p___7___. Nice job!Exercise 13Ballpoint pens have made life easier for millions of people. At one time schools did not liketheir students to write with them. P____1____ it was too easy．Pens can leak(漏)and it is easy tospill( 溢出，流出 )the ink ． But it is hard to write on thin or cheap paper with them．Ladislao Biro worked for a newspaper in Budapest ．He spent all day at his desk ．Day in andday out， he c____2____ pages of thin ，cheap paper with a pen and ink ． He often had to stop tof____3____his pen and it did not write well on the thin paper．He and his brother George． Whybegan some e___4_____．They wanted a pen that did not leak ， with ink that did not spillnot use a little b___5___ at the end?Two Englishmen ，Henry Martin and Fredrick Miles ，liked the idea. It was the time of thesecond World War ． The Air Force( 空军 ) neededa non-leak， non-spill pen for the men towithin p__6____．Martin and Miles made and s___7____ many thousands of Biro“ writing—sticks” to the Air Force.Exercise 14A chicken lays an egg. You feel sleepy. And a tree loses its leaves. All of these thin, and manymore, happen in a certain way, at a certain time each day or each year. They take p___1___became something called an internal clock. The word internal means“ inside of” , and the inte clock is inside a certain part of every plant and animal. For example, there is an internal clock inthe h___2____ of a chicken.The internal clock r____3___ a signal, or message, from the world around it. Some of signalsi___4___ light, heat, darkness and cold. When the internal clock gets the signal, the body of theplant or animal p___5_____ a chemical that causes the living thing to do different a___6_____.For example, daylight signals the chicken's internal clack to make a chemical. Then this chemicalcauses the chicken to lay eggs.People are learning a lot about internal clocks. Fanners have even learned how to f___7___ achicken's internal clock so that the chicken lays more eggs.Exercise 15Many people believe that Galileo invented the thermometer( 温度计 ). But Galileo did notinvent the thermometer. He invented the water thermometer( 测温计 ). The water thermoscope is ag___1__ bulb that contains water. When the air temperature changes, the water l__2___ rises. Buta thermometer does not measure the temperature change. A real thermometer must be a___3____to measure the temperature change.Who invented the first real contemporary(同时代的) thermometer then? It was invented bySantorio. Santorio lived from 1531 to 1636. He was an Italian doctor and physicist. Santorioa__4_____ a number of scales to the thermoscope. That helped to precisely measure how muchthe temperature changed. He thought that he could measure everything in n____5____. He appliedhis thought and r__6___ to medicine and the body.T___7__ to him, now people can measure body temperature with a thermometer.牛津沪教版英语九年级上首字母专项练习Exercise 16Philo Farnsworth, the inventor of one of the country ’ s greatest machines was actually born in a log cabin, rode to high school on the horse back and without benefit of university d___1___(indeed, at age 14), thought of the idea of electronic television. In 1906 Farnsworth was born in acommunity near Beaver City, Utah, a community settled by his grandfather. when he was 12, hisfamily moved to a ranch ( 大牧场 )in Rigby,Idaho, which was four miles from the nearest highschool, thus necessitating(使成为必要 )his d___2____ horseback rides. Because he was interestedin the electron and electricity, he persuaded his p___3___teacher, Justin Tolman, to give himspecial instruction and to allow him to listen to a senior c___4____.The d___5___ of his father forced him to leave at the end of his second year, but, as it turnedout, at no great intellectual cost. There were, at the time, no more than a handful of men on thep___6___ who could have understood Farnsworth ’ideas for building an electronic televisionsystem, and it ’unlikelys that any of them were at this local community. One such man wasVladimir Zworykin who had moved to the US from Russia with a Ph. D in electrical engineering.He went to work for Westinghouse with a d__7____ of building an all-electronic television system.But he wasn’ t capable to do so. Farnsworth was. But not at once.Exercise 17James Francis Cameron, was born on August 16, 1954 in Kapuskasing, Ontario, Canada. Hemoved to the United States in 1971. As a son of an e__1____, he majored in physics at CaliforniaState University. But after g___2_____ he worked as a truck driver to support his dream ofmaking films. With no formal t___3____, he started making films. He directed and wrote thescripts for his first six films and produced the last three. In 1984, he wrote and directed TheTerminator (1984), made with a budget (预算 ) of only 6.5 million dollars. He directed, wrote,produced, and edited his most a___4___ movie, 1997Titanic. It wa’s a huge s___5___ and themovie won 11 Oscars. Cameron is now one of the most sought-after directors in Hollywood, buthe is much more than just a director. He is c____6__ and visionary（有远见的）. He works harduntil the production m___7___ with his high standards(标准).牛津沪教版英语九年级上首字母专项练习Exercise 18Juana Lopez has invented a number of things over the years. One day, she had an idea for a dish washing machine that worked without u___1_____ water. She went to see several dishwasher factories about p_____2___ the machine, but none of them were interested.Juana found investors(投资者 ) to support her idea and founded her own company. She spent millions of dollars on developing her dishwasher and it was put to the market three yearslater. From then on, s___3____ were very good, better even than Juana had h____4______.But Global Domestic, one of the companies that she had been to see, made its own waterless dishwasher. Juana obtained one and found that used the technical ideas she had developed. She had obtained legal p____5_____ for these ideas, so that other companies could not use them. Aftera long legal process, Global Domestic was forced to stop making its competing dishwasher and to pay Juana several million dollars. Now Juana's waterless dishwasher has 40 p___6_____ of the worldwide dishwasher market and this is i____7_____ every year.Exercise 19At West Orange, Edison had more than 50 people working for him. He improved some of his old inventions such as the phonograph ( 留声机 ). He made new inventions, too. A popular one was a doll with a tiny phonograph inside. When you turned on a b_____1_____, the doll begun to talk.He also spent years developing an electric car. This was a good car, but was never as popular as cars using petrol. However, the battery which he invented had many u___2______.Edison sometimes f____3_____. He bought a lot of land in new jersey to d____4_____ for iron. He did not find any iron and so he lost over one million dollars. However, Edison said he had a good time spending the money.In December 1914, a fire destroyed his lab. Edison r_____5____ a new one with the help of the money from Henry Ford, the man who was famous for making cars. Even at 67 years old, Edison wanted to go on working.In early 1931, Edison said, “ I ideas,’mlongbut son 6_____ on time. I expect to live to beonly about a hundred.” In fact Edison died on October 18, 1931, at the age of 84.Edison was one of the world ’ s greatest inventors. His s____7____ was hard work. His mostfamous saying is “ genius天才 )( is one percent inspiration( 灵感) and 99 percent perspiration( 汗水). ”Exercise 20All matter is either solid or liquid, or gas. In addition, all matter has different sizes. So we usedifferent units of measurements when we measure different t___1___of matter. When you want tobuy shoes, you need to know the size of your feet. If you don ’ t, then you need to try on every sho in the shoe store. When you are trying to bake a cake ___2_____ looking at a cooking book, youwill see different measurement for the diffe rent ingredients. But if you don ’ knowt how tomeasure the e___3____ amount for each ingredient, it will be hard to bake a d_____4___ cake.These are the reason why we need to know the units of measurement.Here are some of the units of measurement. To measure the l____5____ of something, weuse centimeters（ cm） , meters(m), miles(m), inches(in), feet(ft) and etc. To measure the mass andvolume of something, we use gallons (gal), kilograms(kg), milligrams(mg), grams(g), liters(l) etc.The units of measurement can be different in each country. So it is i____6____ to know whatunits of measurement each country u___7_____.Exercise 21Printing was one of the four greatest inventions of ancient China.Before printing was invented, all writing was done by hand. When people needed a copy ofbook, they had to p__1_____ someone to copy it out for them by hand. This made books verye___2_______ and only the richest people could have them.Then in the Tang Dynasty China, about AD 650, people carved (雕刻) w____3___ blocks(印版) with a page of text, then inked( 沾上墨水 ) it. When they pressed a paper on the block, theycould print a page. The oldest printed scroll( 纸卷 ) came from northwest china in AD 700.Around the AD 1000’ s, a man n___4______ Bi Sheng in china invented a more flexible (灵活的 ) system of printing. He carved each Chinese character separately on a small clay (陶土 )blocks. He put them together to make w____5____ and sentences. The same blocks could bereused to make many different texts.About 500 years later, people throughout Europe and Asia began to use movable type madeout of m____6___. Printers in Europe might have been Chinese block printing (活字印刷 )through trade across West Asia. They came up with the idea of moveable type of theiro_____7_____.Exercise 22If you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don’ t, you may get lost. you do get lost, this is what you should do.Sit down and stay where you are. Don’ t try to find your friends. L___1____ them find you.You can help them to find you by stay in one place.There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. Give them a signal(信号)outing or whistling ( 吹口哨 ) three times. S___2___. Then shout or whistle three times again.Any signal given three times is a call for help.Keep on shouting or whistling, always three times together. When people hear you, they willgive two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an a__3__ to a call for help.If you don ’ t think that you will get help b___4___ night comes, try to make a small roomwith branches. （树枝What should you do if you get h___5___ or need drinking water? You would have to leaveyour little branch room to look for something to eat and drink. Don’ t just walk far away. Pick up牛津沪教版英语九年级上首字母专项练习small branches and d__6___ them as you walk so that you can find your way back.The most i___7___ thing you need to do when you are lost--- stay in one place.Exercise 23An old man lived in a nice house with a large garden. He took care of his flowers all the time, watering and fertilizing them.One day a young man went by the garden. He looked at the beautiful flowers, imagining how happy he could be if he lived in such a beautiful place . Then, suddenly he found the old gardenerwas blind. He was very s____1___ about this and asked ,“ You can’ t see these flowers. Why are you busy taking care of them every day?”The old man smiled and said,“ I can tell you four r____2___. First, I was a gardener when I was young, and I really like this job. Second, 42 I can’s,t Iseecanthese 3flowerthem.Third, I can smell the sweetness of them. As to the last one, that’ s you.”“ Me? But you don ’ t know me, ” said the young man.“ Yeah, it’ s t___4____ that I don’ t know you . But I know that flowers天are使)angels(that everybody knows . We enjoy the happiness these flowers have b_____5____ us.”The blind man’ s work opened our eyes and pleased our h____6____ , which also made his life happier. It was just like Beethoven, who became deaf in his later life and wrote many greatmusical works. Beethoven himself couldn ’heart his wonderful music, but his music has e____7_____ millions of people to face their difficulties bravely. Isn t one kind of happiness?’ t iExercise 24Everyone likes living in a clean and c__1______ environment. If the environment is bad, it will affect our body, and make us not feel well. Sometimes we may be t___2_____ ill. At thattime we don’ t want to work, and wehave to stay in bed and rest at home. So the environment isvery important to us.。