2018第一次月考试卷
2018秋仁爱版初中英语九年级上册第一次月考试卷
绝密★启用前一帮一教辅中心2018年九年级第一次月考试卷英语注意事项：1. 本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分.2. 试题卷上不要答题，请用0.5毫米黑色签字水笔直接把答案写在答题卡上，答在试题卷上的答案无效.3. 答题前，考生务必将本人姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡第一面的指定位置上.一、单项选择（题型注释）1．—Jack, you seem to be .—Yes. It’s 8:20 now and my train leaves in ten minutes.A. in a hurryB. in fearC. in safetyD. in silence2． silk feels soft and cool, it's difficult to be taken good care of.A. BecauseB. ThoughC. SinceD. As3．--- Did you see My Love from the Star ( 《来自星星的你》)?--- Yes. I ____ it twice so far.A. seeB. am watchingC. sawD. have seen4．--- It’s reported that many people were hurt in Kunming Terrorist Attacks (恐怖事件)on March 1st. --- _______ bad news!A. WhatB. HowC. What aD. How a5．—Our country is becoming richer and stronger.—_______.A. So it isB. So is itC. It is so6．—The air pollution is terrible.— It will be worse ________ we take action to protect the environment.A. ifB. unlessC. untilD. When7．—Whose hair band is this?—I' m not sure．I think it ________ Alice．A．must be B．belongsC．may be D．must belong to8． Lippi ____ more attention since Guangzhou Evergrande Club won the Asian title in 2018.A. gainsB. gainedC. has gainedD. had gained9．– What a nice bicycle!– Thanks. I ________ it for two months.A. have boughtB. boughtC. have had10． --- I have trouble _______ my new computer.---Don’t worry. I’ll show yo u how _______it.A. using; usingB. to use; to useC. using; to use11． Quite a few people were injured or killed in this traffic accident last week, ________?A. were theyB. did theyC. weren’t theyD. didn’t they12．— You look nice in your new dress! When did you buy it?—Don’t you know? I ______it for several days.A. boughtB. have boughtC. have had13．-- Is the Nanjing Bridge open to the public yet?---Yes. It ____ for almost one and a half months .A. has openedB. has being openedC. has been openD. was open14．---- How long __________ the bike? ---- For 2 years.A. have you boughtB. have you hadC. did you have15． ---Hi, Miss Ding. I hear you ______in America when you were very young!---But now I’m in Nanjing. And I’ve been _____Chinese food since I moved here.A. used to living; used to eatB. is used to live; used to eatC. is used to living; used to eatingD. used to live; used to eating评卷人得分二、完形填空（题型注释）Everyone can feel stressed out because of too many things happening in your life. Teenagers, however, have __36__ opportunities to get stressed than people in any other age group. Being a teenager is hard.You are not a children any more, but you are not __37__, even though you have to deal with some grow-up problems and made decisions by __38__. Families can be one of the biggest causes（原因）of stress, such as problems of arguing with __39__ or brothers or sisters. Teenagers also have lots of stress from __40__, either from their teachers or from their classmates. Some teenagers also feel __41__ about choosing their education after high school. Getting a place at university can be very difficult and some can’t __42__ to go to university. It is hard for some teenagers to get a job after they graduate. There are so many young people finishing school __43__ not enough jobs for them. Though there is a lot of stress, you can find many ways to __44__ it. Talking to people is one of the best ways to deal with stress. It may sound __45__, but it is helpful.16． A. more B. fewer C. many17．A. a baby B. a teenager C. an adult18．A. yourself B. himself C. myself19．A. teachers B. parents C. classmates20．A. family B. society C. school21． A. relaxed B. stressed C. excited22． A. afford B. offer C. refuse23．A. and B. but C. or24． A. agree with B. talk with C. deal with25． A. simple B. difficult C. good评卷人得分三、阅读理解（题型注释）APeople often said Thomas Edison was the greatest genius(天才) of his age. There are only a few men in all of history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be pleased o nly because someone said he was a genius. “There is no such a thing as genius,” Edison said. He thought what people called genius was mostly hard work.But Edison was a thinker as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered aboutthe secrets of nature. He tried to understand them, and then he tried to learn what he could usefully do with them.Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people would do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking could give men enjoyment and pleasure.Edison could not understand why anyone could not be interested in life. As he loved to think, he also loved to work. On the day he became 75 years old, someone asked him what idea he had about life. “Work,” he answered, “Discovering the secrets of nature and using them to make men happier.” He said he had enough inventions in his mind to give him another 100 years of work.26．What is genius according to Thomas Edison?A. Hard thinking.B. Hard work.C. Useful ideas.D. Useful inventions.27．How did Edison always deal with the secrets of nature after exploring them?A. To write down what he had learned.B. To carry out a new experiment.C. To make them useful in life.D. To share them with others.28．What does the last sentence in the passage mean?A. Edison was born to be a great inventor.B. Edison was able to live another 100 years.C. Edison was ready to make his 100th invention.D. Life was too short for Edison to work for human beings.BToday there are policemen everywhere, but in 1700, London had no policemen at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night and they were not paid.About 300 years ago, London was starting to get bigger and more and more people began to live there. The city was very dirty and many people were poor. There were so many thieves who stole money in the streets that people stayed in their homes as much as possible.In 1750,Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people to stop thieves. They were like policemen and were called “Bow Street Runners” because they worked near Bow Street.Fifty years later, there were 120 “Bow Street Runners”, but London ha d become very big and needed more policemen. So in 1829 , the first Metropolitan(or London)Police Force was started with 3,000 officers. Most of the men worked on foot, but a few rode horses. Until 1920 all the police in London were men.Today, London police are quite well paid and for the few police officers who still ride horses, the pay is even better than for the others.29．In 1700, the men who protected the streets were paid .A. a fewB. nothingC. a littleD. a lot30．About 300 years ago, many people .A. wanted to leave LondonB. had big houses in LondonC. became policemenD. came to live in London31．People didn’t leave their houses because .A. they had no moneyB. they were afraid of losing moneyC. the city was not cleanD. they liked homes32．The “Bow Street Runners” .A. stopped people stealingB. stole moneyC. paid people to stealD. stopped people riding horsesCThink "rock, paper, scissors (剪刀)" is a children's game? Think again.Top players from around the world came together in Toronto to compete for a 10,000 – Canadian-dollar prize and the title of World Champion (世界冠军头衔). More than 500 players, including national champions from Australia, Norway and New Zealand, attended.The simple game is often used to make decision and solve simple problems. Players hold their fists closed and count to three before making a fist (rock), a flat hand (paper) or two fingers (scissors). Paper covers rock, scissors cut paper and rock breaks scissors.Players have different, opinions about the history of the game, but it is commonly believed to have been played for centuries in Japan. The Paper Scissors Stone Club opened in England in 1842 and players could play together there. In 1918, the name was changed to World RPS Club and its headquarters (总部) moved from London to Toronto.The world championship started in 2002, and is held once every year.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。
2017-2018学年九年级第一次月考英语试卷
初2018级第一学月月考英 语第一部分 听力部分（每小题1.5分，共30分）Ⅰ.听句子，选择与句子意思相符的图片。
每个句子读一遍。
(每小题1.5分，共7.5分)( )1.( )2.( )3.( )4.( )5.Ⅱ. 听句子，选择与所听句子意思相近选项。
每个句子读一遍。
(每小题1.5分，共7.5分)( )6.A.Tom is a student.B.Tom is not a student.C.Tom do esn’t like school. ( )7.A.Kangkang is at home. B. Kangkang is at school.C. Kangkang isn’t at home. ( )8.A.She works hard. B. She is a good woman. C. She teaches well. ( )9.A.School ended a little earlier.B.School ended as early as usual.C.School didn’t end so early as usual.( )10.A.Tom doesn’t like the heavy traffic. I don’t like it, either.B.I don’t like the heavy traffic, but Tom likes it.C.Tom doesn’t like the heavy traffic, but I like it.Ⅲ. 听对话，选择正确答案。
每段对话读两遍。
(每小题1.5分，共7.5分)听第一段对话，回答第11-12小题。
( )11. What’s the meaning of the three Rs?A. Reduce, right, and ride.B. Reuse, recycle, and reduce.C. Reuse, resource, and report. . . . A. B.C. A . B. C. A. B.C. A. B. C.( ) 12. Who wants to be a greener person?A.M ikeB. Smith.C. Martin.听第二段对话，回答第13-15小题。
年湘教版七年级数学下册第一次月考试卷含答案解析
． ．
②20082﹣2007×2009
（ 1）
（ 2）
．
21．（6 分）先化简，再求值：（ x+3）2+（x+2）（ x﹣ 2）﹣2x2，其中 x= ﹣ ． 22．（ 6 分）已知 x+ =2，试求 x2+ 的值．
2018 年湘教版七年级数学下册第一次月考试卷含答案解析
23．（8 分）列方程（组）解应用题：将一摞笔记本分给若干同学，每个同学 6 本，则剩下 9 本；每个同学 8 本，又差了 3 本，问共有多少本笔记本、多少个 同学？ 24.（12 分）某校七年级 400 名学生到郊外参加植树活动，已知用 3 辆小客车和 1 辆大客车每次可运送学生 105 人，用 1 辆小客车和 2 辆大客车每次可运送学生 110 人． （ 1）每辆小客车和每辆大客车各能坐多少名学生？ （ 2）若计划租小客车 m 辆，大客车 n 辆，一次送完，且恰好每辆车都坐满： ①请你设计出所有的租车方案； ②若小客车每辆租金 150 元，大客车每辆租金 250 元，请选出最省线的租车方 案，并求出最少租金．
代入，得
2+a=3， 解得 a=1．
故选 A ． 4．方程组
2018 年湘教版七年级数学下册第一次月考试卷含答案解析
的解是（
）
A．
B．
C．
D．
【考点】 解二元一次方程组． 【分析】 方程组利用加减消元法求出解即可．
【解答】 解：
，
①+② 得： 3x=6，即 x=2， 把 x=2 代入 ① 得： y=1，
8．计算﹣ 3a2×a3 的结果为（
）
A．﹣ 3a5
B． 3a6 C．﹣ 3a6
D．3a5
二、填空题（每小题 4 分，共 32 分）
2018年小学四年级英语上册《第一次月考》试卷及答案
听力部分（30%）一．听录音，选出你听到句子中包含的单词。
（5%）( )1.A.reporter B.policeman C.postman( )2.A.England B.Singapore C.Chinese( )3.A.one B.four C.fourteen( )4.A.beautiful B.cool C.good( )5.A.where B.what C.who二．听录音，选择你听到的选项补全句子。
（5%）A. Two, ThreeB. One, SixC.Four, SevenA.NiceB.GladC.PleasedA.driverB.policemanC.farmerA.friendB.bookC.pencil-boxA.schoolB.homeC.classroom三．听录音，选出你听到的句子。
（5%）( )1.A.Are you number thirteen? B.Are you number fifteen? ( )2.A.Who’s this woman? B.Who’s this girl?( )3.AHe comes from Singapore. B.She comes from England.( )4.A.Which class are you in? B.How old are you?( )5.A.This is my new friend. B.This is my good friend.四．听录音，选出正确的答语。
（5%）( )1.A. She’s my sister. B.He’s my brother.( )2.A.I’m Gao Wei. B.I’m from China.( )3.A.I’m number six. B.I’m in Class Six,Grade Eight.( )4.A.She’s a doctor. B.He’s a teacher.( )5.A.Thank you. B.You’re welcome.五．听录音，给下列各句排序，用1、2、3…表示。
2018年精通版四年级上册英语第一次月考试卷A
北大宝坻附属实验学校2018秋季第一次月考试卷四年级英语考试时间：60分钟满分：100分听力部分（40%）一．听录音，请按听到的顺序为下面的图片标号。
（10%）()( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )二．听录音，选出你听到的句子。
（5%）( )1.A.What does your father do? B.What does your mother do?( )2.A.This is my new friend. B.This is my good friend.( )3.A.Who’s this boy? B.Who’s this girl?( )4.A.I’m from Canada. B.I’m from England.( )5.A.Nice to see you. B.Nice to meet you.三．听录音，选择正确的答语。
（5%）( )1.A.You’re from Singapore. B.I’m from Canada.( )2.A.She’s a nurse. B.He’s a driver.( )3.A.I’m ten.B.Nice to meet you,too.( )4.A.Sure. Here you are. B.Thanks.( )5.A.He’s my brother. B.She’s my sister.四．看图，根据录音内容用1—5为图片排序。
（5%）( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )五．听录音，选择正确的答案。
（10%）( )1. to meet you!A.NiceB. GladC. Pleased( )2.——This is my mother.——Wow! She isA.coolB. beautifulC.nice( )3.I’m fromA.SingaporeB. AmericaC. Canada( )4.What does your do?A.auntB. motherC.friend( )5.My is a postman.A. fatherB.uncleC.grandpa六．判断所听句子与所给句子是否一致，一致（T），不一致（F）（5%）( ) 1. Li Yan comes from China.( ) 2. My father is cool.( ) 3. My aunt is a nurse.( ) 4. What does your grandmother do？( ) 5. She’s a postman.笔试部分（60%）一．选出每组单词中不同类的一项。
江苏省启东中学2018届高三上学期第一次月考(10月)英语试卷及答案
启东中学2018届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题第I卷选择题（共三部分，满分85分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来问答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Who was ill yesterday?A.LilyB.Lily’s motherC.Lily’s grandfather2.What does the boy want to do during his holiday?A.Go surfingB.Go hikingC.Go shopping3.Where are the speakers most probably?A.In a bookstoreB.In a libraryC.In a post office4.How will the man travel around?A.By subwayB.By carC.By bus5.What does the woman mean?A.The man should get up early.B.The man shouldn’t drop the class.C.The class is not difficult.第二节听下面5段对活或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A.Husband and wifeB.Brother and sisterC.Mother and son7.What will the woman do in the afternoon?A.Visit her parentsB.Make a phone callC.Do some shopping听第7段材料，回答第8至10题.8.When will the party be held?A.On FridayB.On SaturdayC.On Sunday9.Where will the speakers have lunch?A．At a club B.At a restaurant C.At a man’s house10.What will the woman get for her granddad?A. A hatB.Some CDsC.A suitcase听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
2018-2019学年度下学期八年级语文第一次月考试卷附答案解析
2018-2019学年度下学期八年级语文第一次月考试卷一、积累与运用1．下列加点字的注音全对的一项是（）（3分）A．行（xíng）辈归省（shěng）絮（xù）叨挑衅（xìn）B．亢（kǎng）奋逻辑（jí）闲逛（guàng）旌（jīn）旗C．踊（yǒng）跃踱（dù）步家眷（juàn）脸颊（xiá）D．农谚（yàn）褶皱（zhě）陨石（yǔn ）萌发（méng ）2．下列句子中加点的词语使用不恰当的一项是 (D )(3分)A．行文至此，作者终于大彻大悟．．．．，“心凝形释，与万化冥合”，真正进入了忘却自我、超越功利的自由自在的境界。
B．精彩的演奏戛然而止．．．．，起先大厅里鸦雀无声，随即响起雷鸣般的掌声。
C．我们绝对不能因受人撺掇．．，就去做些违法的事。
D．这起贪污案分布范围之广、团伙规模之大，令人叹为观止．．．．。
3．下列句子没有语病的一项是(B)(3分)A．通过学校教育弘扬传统文化，对于奠定和谐社会基础，对于中华民族的伟大复兴具有不可替代的作用。
B．近日，贵州一女导游嫌游客购物少，与游客起冲突后将游客赶下车的恶劣行径在网络上热传，很多人看后都不敢再到贵州去旅游了。
C．昆明南二环高架改造工程将于2018年5月30日前完成施工相关准备工作，确保在2019年春节前完工实现通车，施工时间大约为8个月左右。
D．推动高质量发展是当前和今后一个时期实施宏观调控、确定发展思路、制定经济政策的根本要求。
4.下列括号中有关句子的解释不正确的一项是A. 苏州园林的设计绝不讲究对称。
（句子的主干是：设计不讲究对称）B. 我难道还不能照顾自己么？（“难道”“还”在句子中做状语；“不能”做定语）C. 面对枝头美丽的花儿，请你手下留情。
（本句为祈使句）D. 我觉得我们的战士太伟大了。
（句中的宾语是“我们的战士太伟大了”）5.下列解说正确的一项是（）A.“即使风雨兼程，也不一定能到达远方”。
甘肃武威第十八中学2017-2018学年高二上学期第一次月考语文试题及答案 人教版高二上册
甘肃武威第十八中学2017-2018学年高二上学期第一次月考语文试题及答案人教版高二上册2017-2018学年度第一学期第一次月考试卷高二语文本试卷满分120分，考试时间：120分钟。
一、基础知识（每小题3分，共24分）1．下列注音全部正确的一组是( )A.赍发(jī) 迤逦(yǐlǐ)肉袒(tǎn)列观（guān）B.恁地(nèn)酒馔(zhuàn)尴尬(gāngà)昭然(zhāo)C.孱头(chàn)蹩进(bié)冠冕(guān)徘徊(huí)D.提防(tí) 仓廒(áo)央浼(měi)省亲(xǐng)2．下列句中加横线的词，解释不正确的一项是（）A．求人可使报秦者报：报告B．相如因持璧却立却：后退几步C．武帝嘉其义嘉：赞许D．果引张胜引：牵攀，招供。
3．下列各句中的加点词语不是古今异义词的一项是（）A、臣所以去亲戚而事君者B、传以示美人及左右C、臣等不肖，请辞去D、素与副张胜相知4．下列各组句子中，加点的词的意义和用法相同的一组是() A．秦贪，负其强，以空言求璧/臣诚恐见欺于王而负赵B．因宾客至蔺相如门谢罪/君因我降，与君为兄弟C．引赵使者蔺相如/左右或欲引相如去D．得璧，传之美人，以戏弄臣/赵王岂以一璧之故欺秦邪5．下列句子中，与例句句式相同的一项是（）例：秦城恐不可得，徒见欺A．汉天子我丈人行也B．蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强C．饰以篆文山龟鸟兽之形D．六艺经传皆通习之，不拘于时，学于余6.下列句子不属于宾语前置句的一项是（）A.子卿尚复谁为乎B.何以知之C.求人可使报秦者，未得D.自书典所记，未之有也7.下列句子断句正确的一项是（）A．孺卿从祠河东\后土宦骑与黄门驸马争船\推堕驸马河中\溺死宦骑\亡诏使孺卿逐捕不得\惶恐饮药而死B．孺卿从祠河东后土\宦骑与黄门驸马\争船推堕驸马河中\溺死宦骑亡\诏使孺卿逐捕\不得\惶恐饮药而死C．孺卿从祠河东\后土宦骑与黄门驸马\争船推堕驸马河中\溺死宦骑\亡诏使孺卿逐捕\不得\惶恐饮药而死D．孺卿从祠河东后土\宦骑与黄门驸马争船\推堕驸马河中溺死\宦骑亡\诏使孺卿逐捕\不得\惶恐饮药而死8．下面对《拿来主义》内容的理解，不正确的一项是（）A．对比的鲜明和反衬的强烈，是本文写作上的一个重要特点，比如开头大谈“闭关主义”“送去主义”，好像绕了一个大圈子，其实正好和“拿来主义”形成鲜明的对照。
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2018--2019学年度（上）九年级第一次月考
物 理 试 卷
制卷：朱元胜审卷：张鑫
温馨提示：1、又是一次检测的机会,请认真审题，细心答题。
2、本卷满分90分，考试时间：与化学共120分钟 一、填空题（每空2分，共28分）
1、物理学里，把物体在热传递过程中转移能量的多少叫＿＿＿＿。
2、“瑞雪兆丰年”，其中雪是由空气中的水蒸气 （填物态变化）而形成的；“下雪不冷化雪冷”这是因为雪在融化时要 热量，导致环境温度降低。
3、汽油机工作的四个冲程中，只有___________冲程是燃气对外做功，其他三个冲程要靠飞轮的____________来完成。
4、过去常用水作冷却剂给汽车的发动机降温，这是利用了水的比热容较 的性质，某汽车水箱中装了8kg 的水，发动机运行一段时间后，水温升高了20℃，在这个过程中，水吸收的热量是 J ，这是通过的方式改变了水的内能。
[水的比热容为4.2×103
J/（kg ℃）]
5、一台单缸四冲程内燃机正常工作时的转速为1800r/min ，该内燃机每秒共经历 了 个冲程。
6、甲、乙两金属球的质量之比3：5，吸收相同的热量后，升高的温度之比是1：5，则
它们的比热容之比，C 甲：C 乙=__________。
7、摩擦起电的原因是不同物质的原子核束缚电子的能力不同，摩擦起电的过
程不是创造了电荷，只是电荷的_。
8、如图所示的电路图中，要使灯泡L 1和L 2组成串联电路，应该只闭合开关S 2，若要使灯泡L 1和L 2组成并联电路，应该只闭合开关 ．
9、有些建筑物的顶端有避雷针，避雷针是针状金属物，它可以利用尖端放电，把云层
所带的电荷导入大地，若云层带正电，那么尖端放电时，避雷针中自由电子的运动方向是_______（选填“从云层到大地”或“从大地到云层”）。
10、用丝线悬挂着A 、B 、C 、D 、E 、F 六个小球，它们之间相互作用的情况如图所示。
则肯定不带电的小球是；肯定带电的小球是。
……………………装…………………………………………………………..订………………………………….线………………………… 座位号__________ 姓名__________ 班级__________ 得分_________
二、选择题（每小题3分，共21分）
11、如图所示，下列是利用热传递方式来改变物体内能的是（）
12、关天温度、内能、热量三者的关系，下列说法正确的是（）
A、温度高的物体，内能一定大。
B、物体温度升高，一定吸收了热量。
C、物体吸收了热量，温度一定升高。
D、物体温度升高，内能一定增加。
13、在研究物体放出热量多少跟物质种类是否有关的实验中，提供的材料：
（1）0.1kg的铜块；（2）0.2kg的铝块；（3）0.3kg的铜块；（4）0.1kg的铝块，应选用的材料是（）
A、（1）和（2）
B、（1）和（3）
C、（1）和（4）
D、（2）和（4）
14、“扬汤止沸”和“釜底抽薪”是两种使液体停止沸腾的方式，运用物理学的知识对此进行分析，其正确的是（）
A、都只能暂时止沸，
B、都能彻底止沸
C、扬汤止沸能彻底止沸，釜底抽薪只能暂时止沸
D、扬汤止沸只能暂时止沸，釜底抽薪能彻底止沸
15、在1标准大气压下，完全燃烧10kg热值为1.26×107J/kg的干木柴，不计热量损失，能使500kg450C的水温度升高（）
A、600C
B、550C
C、500C
D、无法确定
16、下列说法正确的是（）
A．只要导体内自由电荷移动，就能形成电流
B．在闭合电路中要得到持续电流就必须有电源
C．在串联电路中，有一个用电器开路，其余用电器均能工作
D．在并联电路中，有一个用电器被短路其余用电器仍可照常工作
17、如图所示的电路，闭合开关，两只灯泡都不发光，且电流表和电压表均没有示数．现仅将L1和L2两灯泡的位置对调，其它不变．再次闭合开关时，发现两只灯泡仍不发光，电流表指针仍然不动，但电压表的指针却有了明显的偏转．根据以上信息可以判断（）
A．电流表损坏了B．灯泡L1的灯丝断了
C．灯泡L2的灯丝断了D．电源接线处松脱
A B C D
三、实验与探究题（共20分）
18、为了比较A、B 两种液体比热容的大小，某实验小组做了如图所示的实验。
在两个相同的试管中，分别装入A、B两种液体，将试管放入完全相同的盛水烧杯中，用相同的酒精灯加热。
（1）实验采用水浴加热法，目的是使溶液A、B_______受热；
（2）在试管中装入液体A、B 时，要控制他们的初温和_______相同；
（3）加热相同的时间，是为了液体A、B吸收的热量_______（选填“相同”或“不相同”）；
（4）加热相同时间后，液体A、B的温度如图所示，这表明液体________（选填“A”或“B”）的比热容较大。
19、某固态物体加热后成了液态，随后停止加热让它冷却，并记录记录与时间的变化关
（1）错误的数据是__________
（2）该物质_________晶体（填“是”或“不是”），其理由是_________________________.。
20、为了验证并联电路电流关系，小明设计了如图甲电路进行实验。
（1）实验中，应选两个规格的小灯泡（选填“相同”或“不相同”）。
（2）小明要测量干路电流，他将电流表串联在甲图中的（选填“A”“B”或“C”），接入电流表后闭合开关，他看到两个灯泡都发光，但电流表出现如图乙所示现象，原因是。
四、计算题（共23分）
21、如图为内燃机在做功冲程中的示意图．设活塞的面积为S，冲程长为L，燃气对活塞的压强为p．请将推导证明：一个做功冲程做的功W=pV．
22、太阳能热水器是通过吸热板，完成把太阳辐射能转化为水的内能的装置，已知小明
家太阳能热水器的吸热板面积是2.5m2，水箱里水的质量是200L，并测得太阳光正对吸热板照射875s，水箱里的水温度升高10C，若太阳辐射能转化为水的内能的效率是60%，请计算：
（1）在此时间内，水箱里的水吸收的热量；
（2）太阳能热水器在此时间内吸收的热量;
（3）投射到每平方米吸热板上的太阳辐射功率？
23、某物理兴趣小组的同学，用煤炉给8kg的水加热，同时他们绘制了如图所示的加热
过程中水温随时间变化的图线，若在4min内完全燃烧了1.4kg的煤，水的比热容为
4.2×103J/（kg•℃），煤的热值约为3×107J/kg，求：
（1）经过4min时间加热，水所吸收的热量。
（2）1.4kg煤完全燃烧放出的热量是多少J？
（3）煤炉烧水时的热效率。
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