华东理工 微观经济学1506模拟卷2

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《微观经济学》典型习题及参考答案

《微观经济学》典型习题及参考答案

微观经济学练习题一一、判断题1.微观经济学研究的是个量经济问题。

()2.序数效用论分析消费者均衡运用的是边际效用分析方法。

()3.吉芬物品的需求曲线是“倒”需求曲线(价格与需求同向变化)。

()4.市场均衡状态是供给与需求相等的状态。

()5.离原点约远的无差异曲线,代表的效用水平越低。

()6.微观经济学中,生产者的目标是效用最大化。

()7.生产函数为Q = 0.5L0.6K0.5时,厂商处于规模报酬不变的状态。

()8.厂商短期生产的第三阶段是劳动的边际产量(报酬)为负的阶段。

()9.短期成本变动的决定因素是:边际收益递减规律。

()10.外在不经济会使企业的LAC向上方移动。

()11.面临两条需求曲线的是寡头厂商。

()12.斯威齐模型又被称为“拐折的需求曲线模型”。

()13.完全竞争厂商对要素(以劳动为例)的需求原则是:VMP = W 。

()14.存在帕累托改进的资源配置状态也可能是资源配置的帕累托最优状态。

()15.不具有排他性和竞用性的物品叫做公共资源。

()二、单项选择题1.经济学的基本问题是:()A.个体经济单位B.社会福利C.利润最大化D.资源稀缺性2.墨盒的价格上升会使打印机的需求:()A.不变B.上升C.下降D.不能确定3.需求曲线右移,表示在同一价格水平下供给()A.增加B.减少C.不变D.不能确定收入增加的同时,4.以下关于价格管制说法不正确的是:()A.限制价格总是低于市场的均衡价格B.支持价格总是高于市场均衡价格C.只要价格放开,商品的供给就会增加D.对农产品而言,为防止“谷贱伤农”,可使用支持价格的策略5.商品在消费者支出中所占的比重越高,则商品的需求弹性()A.越小B.越大C.与之无关D.不确定有无关联6.需求缺乏弹性的商品()会增加销售收入A.提高价格B.降低价格C.提价和降价都D.提价和降价都不会7.离原点越远的等产量曲线代表的产量水平()A.越不能达到B.越不能确定C.越低D.越高8.边际产量(报酬)递增的阶段,往往对应的是厂商()的阶段A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模报酬如何不能判断9.决定TP L曲线的形状特点的是()递减规律A.边际效用B.边际产量C.边际技术替代率D.边际替代10.同一坐标平面内的两条等产量曲线:()A.永不相交B.一定相交C.相交与否不确定D.相交与否取决于厂商11.生产者的均衡条件是()A.MC = MR B.AC = MR C.AC=MC D.AP = MP12.完全竞争厂商处于长期均衡时:()A.处于LMC的最低点B.产量最大C.处于生产的停产点D.LMC = LAC13.竞争最公平的是()市场A.完全竞争B.寡头C.垄断竞争D.垄断14.垄断厂商实施一级价格歧视会占有()的消费者剩余A.100% B.50% C.50% D.不同市场不同比率的15.以下属于“引致需求”的是:()A.居民对绿地的需求B.儿童对教育的需求C.补鞋者对胶水的需求D.人对水的需求16.完全竞争厂商使用生产要素的“边际收益”是:()A.MP B.MRS C.MC D.VMP17.基尼系数越高,收入分配越()A.平等B.不平等C.难以确定是否平等D.与其无关18.以下关于一般均衡(分析)与局部均衡(分析)的说法不正确的是:()A.局部均衡分析把市场“抽出”来单独研究B.把皮鞋市场与皮革市场联系考察,得到均衡的就是一般均衡C.无论是一般均衡还是局部均衡,主要都属于实证经济学的部分D.法国经济学家里昂.瓦尔拉斯最先充分认识到一般均衡问题的重要性19.交换的帕累托最优条件是:()A.MRS XY= MRT XY B.MRT A XY = MRT B XYC.MRS A XY = MRS B XY D.MRS XY = MRT LK20.解决效率与公平问题的普遍思路是:()A.效率与公平并重B.公平为基础,效率后行C.谁重要,以实现社会福利的增加为决定因素D.效率优先,兼顾公平三、多项选择题1.微观经济学的基本假设包括:()A.经济人B.利己主义的人C.完全信息D.公平竞争2.以下会使圆珠笔供给增加的有:()A.生产者税收增加B.纸张价格下降C.生产圆珠笔的技术提高D.圆珠笔油墨价格下降3.以下关于消费者均衡的均衡条件:MRS X1X2 =P X1/P X2说法正确的有:()A.当MRS X1X2>P X1/P X2时,应该增加X1的消费,减少X2的消费B.表示在维持同等效用水平的条件下,增加一单位X1的消费所能替代的X2的消费数量>市场价格决定的一单位X1所能替代出来的X2量C.几何意义是无差异曲线与等成本线的切点D.也可以说,该均衡状态表示既定预算下的最大效用满足状态4.以下关于成本的说法正确的有:()A.TFC是总固定成本B.LMC与LAC相交于LAC的最低点C.SAC=AFC+AVCD.MC一般总是先减少后增加5.对商品的市场价格有控制能力的有()厂商A.垄断B.寡头C.垄断竞争D.完全竞争四、简答题1.影响需求的因素有哪些?2.什么是边际技术替代率递减规律?它决定了哪条曲线的什么特点?3.什么是规模经济(报酬)?有那几种情况?4.完全竞争厂商的短期均衡状态有哪几种情况?5.市场失灵的原因有哪些?(6分)6.为什么完全竞争的市场被称为“最好的市场”?(7分)五、计算题1.假定有供给函数Q d = 1200 —200P(1)求出价格2元和4元之间的需求的价格弧弹性(2分)(2)根据给出的需求函数,P =5元时的需求的价格点弹性(2分)2.已知某消费者每月用400元购买两类食品:粮食X1,平均每磅4元,蔬菜X2,平均每磅2元(1)写出预算方程,并画出他的预算线(2分)(2)如果他的效用函数为U(X1,X2)= X1.X2,为使效用最大化,该消费者应分别购买多少X1、X2?(3分)3.在一个完全竞争的行业中单个厂商的长期总成本函数为:LTC = Q3-20Q2 + 200Q,市场的产品价格为P =600。

微观经济学_201906_模拟卷2_答案

微观经济学_201906_模拟卷2_答案

华东理工大学网络教育学院(全部答在答题纸上,请写清题号,反面可用。

试卷与答题纸分开交)微观经济学201906模拟卷2答案一、单选题(共15题,每题2分,共30分)1. 供给规律说明()。

(2分)A.生产技术提高会使商品的供给量增加B.政府鼓励某商品的生产,因而该商品供给量增加C.消费者更喜欢消费某商品,使该商品的价格上升D.某商品价格上升将导致对该商品的供给量增加.★标准答案:D2. 说资源是稀缺的是指()。

(2分)A.世界上大多数人生活在贫困中;B.相对于需求而言,资源总是不足的;C.资源必须保留给下一代;D.世界上资源最终将由生产更多的物品和劳动而消耗光.★标准答案:B3. 政府在教育方面的支出增加意味着卫生健康方面的支出减少,说明了下列那个概念()。

(2分)A.收益递减B.规模经济C.比较成本D.机会成本.★标准答案:D4. 消费者剩余是消费者的()。

(2分)A.实际所得;B.主观感受;C.没有购买的部分;D.消费剩余部分.★标准答案:B5. 垄断竞争厂商长期均衡点上,长期平均成本曲线处于()。

(2分)A.上升阶段;B.下降阶段;C.水平阶段;D.以上三种情况都可能。

.★标准答案:B6. 对于同一个消费者来说,同样数量的商品总是提供同量的效用。

()(2分)A.正确;B.错误;C.可能正确也可能错误. .★标准答案:A7. 政府为了扶持农业,对农产品规定了高于其均衡价格的支持价格.政府为了维持支持价格,应该采取的相应措施是( )。

(2分)A.增加对农产品的税收;B.实行农产品配给制;C.收购过剩的农产品;D.对农产品生产者予以补贴.★标准答案:C8. 经济学可定义为()。

(2分)A.政府对市场制度的干预;B.企业取得利润的活动;C.研究如何最合理地配置稀缺资源于诸多用途;D.人们靠收入生活..★标准答案:C9. 垄断竞争厂商实现最大利润的途径有:()。

(2分)A.调整价格从而确定相应产量;B.品质竞争;C.广告竞争;D.以上途径都可能用。

大学英语(4)(本)1506模拟卷1

大学英语(4)(本)1506模拟卷1

华东理工大学网络教育学院(全部答在答题纸上,请写清题号,反面可用。

试卷与答题纸分开交)大学英语(4)(本)1506模拟卷1一、词汇语法题(共20题,每题1分,共20分)1. Young people find it essential that one ( ) of at least one foreign language. (1分)A.had commandedB.must have a commandC.have a commandD.has a command2. I was about to go to school ( ) a man with a mask broke into the house. (1分)A.whenB.whichC.thatD.but3. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning ( ) traffic jam. (1分)A.in case ofB.for the sake ofC.in line withD.at the risk of4. I liked this dress, if the dealer ( ) a more reasonable price, I might have bought it (1分)A.have offeredB.had offeredC.offersD.were to offer5. But for the Central Government, we ( ) the epidemic disease. (1分)A.shall not have beatenB.could not have beatenC.have not beatenD.had not beaten6. When the rescue team arrived on the scene, they found _____ wrecked ships. (1分)A.anything butB.anything elseC.nothing butD.nothing more than7. To accept the offer now would mean ( ) holiday and a lot of fun. (1分)A.to have given upB.giving upC.to be given upD.having given up8. Some of what we’re talking about might better be discussed in ( ). (1分)A.privateB.individualC.privacyD.privation9. The little boy was caught ( ), and was severely scolded by his parents. (1分)A.playing with fireB.played with fireC.play fireD.to play with fire10. – How do you like this novel?-- It is ( ) interesting, so I don’t like it. (1分)A.everything butB.nothing butC.something butD.anything but11. Please tell me the main idea _____ you have already gone through the whole paragraph. (1分)A.soB.beforeC.sinceD.while12. According to history, there was a time ( ) all stories were printed on sheep skin. (1分)A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when13. It was on the beach _____ Miss White found the kid lying dead. (1分)A.thatB.thisC.itD.which14. _______ his examination of the patient, the doctor wrote out a prescription. (1分)A.Having finishedB.FinishingC.FinishedD.Having been finished15. We all thought ______ pity that you were unable to attend our meeting. (1分)A.thatB.whichC.thisD.it16. The committee was ( ) mainly of teachers and parents. (1分)prisedB.constitutedC.consistedposed17. The new students from the South ( ) for 30% of the total. (1分)A.countB.accountC.makeD.make up18.Reading can expose you to ideas, but reading is just the start, and the important thing is _____ you do with _____ you read. (1分)A.that…thatB.that…whatC.what…whatD.which…which19.The match was canceled because most of the members _____ having a match without a standar d court. (1分)A.kept toB.objected toC.stuck toD.turned to20. Please tell me the main idea ( ) you have already gone through the whole paragraph. (1分)A.soB.beforeC.sinceD.while二、交际用语题(共10题,每题1分,共10分)21. Excuse me, how much is the jacket? It’s 499 Yuan. __________D______________. (1分)A.Oh, no. That’s OK!B.How do you like it?C.Which do you prefer?D.Would you like to try it on?22. Hey, you look so pale.____________A____________. (1分)A.I caught the flu.B.Never mind.C.I am sorry to hear that.D.I don’t know.23. What’s the most important to you when you choose a job? ___B__. (1分)A.No one can help me.B.It must be the job I like.C.I have so many friends.D.I won’t choose it.24. —May I use your bike for a moment?—___C____ (1分)A.It’s well.B.It doesn’t matter.C.By all means.D.I have no idea.25. —Oh, sorry to bother you.—_____A_______ (1分)A.That’s Okay.B.No, you can’t.C.That’s good.D.Oh, I don’t know.26. How can Jack be a success in his work? ___C__. (1分)A.We all like him.B.He is the oldest among us.C.He works the hardest of all.D.He gets up early.27. Hello, may I talk to the director now?_______________B______________ (1分)A.No, you can’t.B.Sorry, he is busy at the moment.C.Sorry, you can’t.D.I don’t know.28. Will you have some dessert, Judy?_______A__________________. (1分)A.No, thank you. I’m on a diet.B.Yes, I’ve had enough.C.You are so good at making it.D.Oh, I don’t mind.29. I don’t like the sports programs.____________B_________________. (1分)A.So do I.B.Neither do I.C.So am I.D.Neither am I.30. Could you pick me up on your way to work?________C_______________________. (1分)A.Thank you.B.Yes, please.C.Sure.D.It doesn’t matter.三、阅读题(共15题,每题10分,共30分)1.Nowadays, if you were to ask 100 people their opinions about what to wear to an interview, the majority would answer: clean and simple clothes without showing off. An interview is not the place to make a fashion statement, though those in the art fields and the very famous can be a little different. Everyone else should choose to have a good enough but ordinary look.More and more companies are returning to traditional professional dress. Whateveryou wear should go with the fact that you’re a professional who’s ready to get to work at a new job.let common sense be your guide, and it should be easy to avoid fashion mistakes that could damage your chances of getting to the next level in the process. In this market, it is essential that you look good and your appearance is right for the job.Colors in various shades of blue and gray are the best. Wearing black to the interviewcould be viewed as too serious. It you do wear black, make sure that there is another color near your face to soften the look. Brown is still considered questionable as a business color, and probably should be avoided. Change your outfit’s look for a second interview by wearing adifferent color blouse, shirt, scarf or tie.Withthese in mind, here are some well-thought-out suggestions on how to avoid fashion mistakes. An image consultant says,clothes should be a part of who you are and should not be noticed. She mentions some mistaken ways of dressing to avoid when interview time comes around:1.Wild Nail Polish – for men or women.Extremely long or uncut nails are a real turnoff, too. Your nails should be neatly cut.2.Jewellery That Makes Sounds: Don’t wear more than two rings per hand or only one single earring. If you do wear earrings, make sure they are in pair.3.Bare Legs: Wear stockings, even in hot summer weather. Stockings can be in quiet colors ora fashion color to match your shoes.4.Out-of-Date Suits or Leather Jackets for Men or Women: The style for men’s jackets isfull-body and looser rather than fitted or tight. Leather jackets are not good for interviewing purposes. They look like outdoors wear. A tie is preferred, at least at the first meeting. At the very least, wear a collared shirt.5.Short Skirts: Skirts should be more than three inches long below the knee. Don’t even think about wearing pants to the interview.6.Printed or Trendy Handbags for women; Red Briefcases for men – Briefcases, pursesand shoes should not be noisy in color and should be in good condition. (10分)(31) From this passage we know that the author thinks ____A__. (2分)A.people in art fields and the very famous can dress themselves differentlyB.dressing oneself up to an interview is very important to attract noticeC.traditional dress is the best for any situationD.traditional professional dress is too ordinary(32) According to the author, when you are going to an interview, ___C___. (2分)A.whatever you wear is OK as long as you get the jobB.you don’t have to bet prepared, since it should be easyC.you should dress yourself in the right way for the job you are seekingD.your common sense will certainly get you through(33)Inthe second paragraph of this passage, the phrase “In this market…” refers to the __D_ market. (2分)A.fashionB.image consultantC.clothesD.job(34) It is believed that ___B___. (2分)A.black color is totally unacceptable since it is too serious for an interviewB.brown should be avoided because people are doubtful about it as a business colorC.dark blue or light gray is the best color for an intervieweeD.one should change the color of one’s dress for each interview totally(35) Which of the statement is not true according to the passage? (2分)AA.Men should wear a jacket that fits him quite well for an interview.B.Short skirts wouldn’t be suitable dresses for an interviewC.To go to an interview, women should not wear pants.D.Never take a trendy handbag for an interview.2.The AIDS virus has been around for a very long time, but the spread of the disease within the last twenty years or so on such a scale has caused real concern. It seems that in the 1980s the principal carriers of the disease were homosexuals, drug users and prostitutes. Now it is becoming evident that heterosexuals also spread thedisease, thatchildren can be born with the vi rus andthat patients in hospitals are being infected too.Just as the WHO fought the spread of children’s disease throughout the world in the 1960s, so now they must again use education to fight this killer disease.The organization proposes to write newspaper articles and books, and to make videos and TV programs. These will be translated into the major languages of the world so that as many people as possible can be educated about the danger of AIDS.However, we are still faced with two big questions. Is educating the public enough if we are to control the spread of AIDS? Does the WHO have enough money and resources for hospitals throughout the world to help and care for sufferers? One fact is becoming clearer and that is that the WHO has not focused enough on the need to educate medical staff. There are still hospitals and health centers in some parts of the world which do not accept AIDS patients, while there are others where too little care is taken to prevent the spread of the disease. (10分)(36) Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? (2分)A.AIDS is a disease for which a cure has been found.B.AIDS is a disease which has just been found.C.AIDS is a disease which has existed for a long time.D.AIDS is a disease which spreads very slowly.(37) Who is easily infected with AIDS? (2分)A.People who use drugs.B.People who visit prostitutes.C.Patients who stay in hospital.D.All of the above.(38) InWHO’s opinion, what will help most effectively in fighting against the spread of AIDS?(2分)A.More education.B.More medicines.C.More doctors.D.More equipment.(39) From the passage, we can see that the writer is not happy about ______. (2分)A.the education the general public get on AIDSB.the education the medical staff get on AIDSC.the TV programs on AIDSD.the newspaper articles on AIDS(40) Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? (2分)A.It is not enough only toeducatethe general public.B.There are some hospitals in some parts of the world which do not accept AIDS patients.C.Great care has been taken to prevent the spread of AIDS everywhere in the world now.D.More money and resources are needed to control the spread of AIDS.3.When companies need new employees, they usually place advertisements in newspapers in order to attract as many applicants as possible. But many large well-known companies hire new people frequently without putting advertisements in newspapers, because they already have many resumes on file. Therefore, it is not always best to apply only to companies that place ads in newspapers. A person looking for a job is advised to send his resume with a cover letter to a well-known company even if a position is not then open. He can follow up with a telephone call to inquire if his resume has been received and if any jobs are available. If the company has not a job at that time, he can ask that they keep his material on file and contact him in the future when something is available.Sometimes if a company is not hiring at the time, a letter explaining that a position is not currently available will be sent. If a person sends a letter and resume to a company that is not then hiring and later sees an advertisement in the newspaper for a job with that company, he should call the company to make certain they have his material on file and will consider him for the position. So, a person has nothing to lose and everything to gain by sending in his resume. (10分)(41) What kind of companiesare the best choicefor a person to write to find a job? (2分)panies that place ads in newspapers.B.Small trading companies.rger, well-known companies.D.The companies which are looking for new personnel now.(42) Which of the following is not true? (2分)A.A person looking for a job should only apply to companies that advertise in newspapers.B.Many larger, well-known companies hire new people frequently.C.A person looking for a job is advised to send his resume with a cover letter to a well-known company even if a position is not then open.D.When companies decide to hire new people they usually place an ad in the newspaper to attract as many people as possible.(43) When people are looking for jobs, what should send to companies, according to the passage? (2分)A.A resume and recent photos.B.A cover letter and an application.C.A resume and a cover letter.D.Only a phone call.(44) If you send your resume to a company that isn’t hiring at the time, what might the company do? (2分)A.The company might call you and tell you that they have no positions now.B.The company might hire you anyway.C.The company will not write back because they are not interested in you.D.The company might write back and tell you that there are no positions available at the time.(45) According to the author, ______. (2分)A.it is a bad idea to send in one’s resume if one is not certain there is a job available.B.it is always a good idea to send in one’s resume whether or not one is certain there is a job av ailable.C.it is not necessary to send in one’s resume if one knows that there is not a job available.D.it is always necessary to make an inquiry phone call first before one sends in his resume.四、完形填空题(共10题,每题10分,共10分)1.Scientists say that the disappearance of the trees is already_____changes in the climate. What w ill happen if_____of the Amazon forest is cut down? According to scientists, two things are ___ __to happen: there will be serious effects on the world’s_____and the air we_____will lose some of its oxygen.Thetemperature will_____; the ice-caps at the North and South Poles will_____; the sea_____ will rise, and hundreds of coastal cities will be flooded. All scientists agree that if we_____the Amazon forest, life on earth will become difficult, and it may become_____ (10分)(46) _____ (1分)A.producingB.makingC.causingD.stopping(47) _____ (1分)A.someB.anyC.lessD.more(48) _____ (1分)in summer, I don't need to wear too much clothes. I like shirts and jeans very much.A.likeB.alikeC.likewiseD.likely(49) _____ (1分)A.conditionB.climateC.weatherD.situation(50) _____ (1分)A.breatheB.breathC.possessD.have(51) _____ (1分)A.climbB.riseC.ariseD.raise(52) _____ (1分)A.meltB.changeC.appearD.disappear(53) _____ (1分)A.standardB.surfaceC.appearanceD.level(54) _____ (1分)A.spoilB.destroyC.destructD.cut down(55) _____ (1分)A.goodB.badC.impossibleD.possible五、翻译题(共5题,每题3分,共15分)56. No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day. (3分)难怪他不饿,他整天都在吃糖。

微观经济学模拟试题8套

微观经济学模拟试题8套

微观经济学模拟试题1一、单项选择题:(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)1.实证经济学和规范经济学的根本区别是( )。

A.研究方法的不同.B.研究对象的不同.C.研究范围的不同.D.以上均不对.2.供给的变动引起( )。

A.均衡价格和均衡数量同方向变动.B.均衡价格反方向变动,均衡数量同方向变动.C.均衡价格和均衡数量反方向变动.D.均衡价格同方向变动,均衡数量反方向变动.3.需求定理表明:()A.随着汽油的价格提高,对小汽车的需求量将下降.B.药品的价格上涨会使药品的质量得到提高.C.计算机的价格下降会引起其需求量增加.D.随着乒乓球价格下降,对球拍的需求量会增加.4.需求价格弹性系数是:( )A.需求量与价格的比率.B.价格变动的绝对值与需求量变动的绝对值的比率.C.需求量变动的比率与价格变动的比率的比率.D.以上均不对.5.已知商品X的价格为1.5元,商品y的价格为1元,如果消费者从这两种商品得到最大效用的时候,商品r的边际效用是30,那么商品X的边际效用应该是:( )A .20B .30C .45 D.506.总效用曲线达到最高点时( )A.边际效用为正B.边际效用为负C.边际效用为零D.以上均不对7.生产要素投入与产出水平之间的关系称为()。

A.生产可能性曲线. B.边际转换线. C.成本函数. D.生产函数.8.经济学中所说的长期与短期的划分依据是( )。

A.时间的长短B.以所有生产要素能否得到调整为界限C.以实际产量能否达到计划产量为界限D.以上均不对.9.某人有10万元资金,可供选择的用途及各种用途能获得的收入是:开饭店获利3万元,炒股票获利3.5万元,进行期货投机获利4万元。

该人选择期货投机的机会成本为:( ) A.3.5万元B.10.5万元C.4万元D.以上均不对.10.工资分为实物工资与()。

A.计时工资B.计件工资C.货币工资D.实际工资.二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)1. 微观经济学的基本假设是()。

微观经济学选择模拟考试题(含答案)

微观经济学选择模拟考试题(含答案)

微观经济学选择模拟考试题(含答案)一、单选题(共100题,每题1分,共100分)1、小麦歉收导致小麦价格上升,准确地说在这个过程中( )。

A、小麦供给的减少引起需求下降B、小麦供给量的减少引起需求下降。

C、小麦供给的减少引起需求量下降D、小麦供给量的减少引起需求量下降正确答案:C2、勾结发生在( )。

A、每个厂商都向其他厂商通报它确定的价格和产量B、所有厂商的产量相等,索取的价格相同C、厂商合作以试图最大化它们的联合利润D、厂商各自独立行为。

正确答案:C3、某完全竞争行业,它的产量增加所引起的生产要素需求增加,反而使生产要素的价格下降了,则该行业为( )。

A、成本递增行业B、成本递减行业C、成本不变行业D、不能确定。

正确答案:B答案解析:该行业的产量增加导致生产要素需求增加,但是生产要素的价格反而下降了,说明该行业的生产要素供给曲线向右移动,供给增加,导致价格下降。

这符合成本递减行业的特征,因为在成本递减行业中,随着产量的增加,生产效率提高,生产成本降低,生产要素的价格也会随之下降。

因此,选B。

4、生产函数表示( )。

A、一定数量的投入至少能生产出多少产品B、生产一定数量的产品,最多要投入多少生产要素C、投入与产出的关系D、以上都对。

正确答案:C5、资源稀缺性的含义是指( )。

A、资源的数量较少;B、获得一定量资源所必须耗费的成本相当高;C、资源的价格很高。

D、相对于人类无限的欲望来说,再多的资源也显不足;正确答案:D6、若x和y两产品的交叉弹性是-2,则( )。

A、x和y是替代品B、x和y是正常商品C、x和y是互补品。

D、x和y是劣质品正确答案:C7、需求曲线斜率为正的充要条件是( )。

A、收入效应超过替代效应B、替代效应超过收入效应C、低档商品且收入效应超过替代效应。

D、低档商品正确答案:C8、当某消费者对商品X的消费达到饱和点时,则边际效用MUX为( )。

A、不确定,需视具体情况而定。

B、零C、负值D、正值正确答案:B9、垄断企业面对的需求函数为Q=100/ P2,企业的边际成本始终为1,垄断价格为( )。

微观经济学试题及答案(精选5份)

微观经济学试题及答案(精选5份)

微观经济学试题及答案(精选5份)微观经济学试题及答案(精选5份)微观经济学试题及答案微观经济学试题及答案(一):一、单选题1、当出租车租金上涨后,对公共汽车服务的A、需求下降B、需求增加c、需求量下降D、需求量增加2、以下不是直接影响需求的因素或条件是A、价格B、偏好c、收入D、成本3、若需求曲线富有弹性,其确切的含义是价格上升会引起A、购买者购买量的下降B、购买者购买量的增加c、购买者总支出的增加D|、购买者总支出的减少4、市场均衡意味着A、在某价格水平上供给数量等于需求数量B、在均衡价格水平上,每一个买者都能够买到想买的数量,每一个卖者都能够卖出想卖的数量c、价格没有变动的趋势D、上述答案均正确5、如果商品A和商品B是互补的,则A的价格下降将造成A、商品B的需求曲线向右移动B、商品B的需求曲线向左移动c、商品A需求曲线向右移动D、商品A需求曲线向左移动6、加入一个完全竞争厂商接到订单价格小于平均成本但但大于平均可变成本,它就应是A、停止生产B、生产且有利润c、亏损但继续生产D、生产且利润为零7、如果价格下降10%能使买者总支出增加10%,则这种商品的需求量对价格A、富有弹性B、具有单位弹性c、缺乏弹性D、其弹性不能确定8、已知Xy两种商品的交叉弹性—-0。

4,则这两种商品是A、独立品B、替代品c、补充品D、不能确定交叉弹性大于0,即是替代品,交叉弹性等于0,即是无相关,交叉弹性小于0,即是互补品9、在完全竞争市场中,厂商短期均衡条件是A、P=ARB、P=mRc、P=mcD、P=Ac10、已知商品X的价格10元,商品y的价格是3元,假定消费者有收入100元,他打算购买7单位的X,10单位的y,这时商品X 和y的边际效用是50和18,如果要获得最大效用,他就应A、停止购买B、增加y,减少Xc、同进增加购买X,yD、减少y,增加X11、市场失灵是指A、市场不能有效配置稀缺资源B、市场完全不好c、收入分配不均D、资源在私人部门和公共部门配置不均12、如果上游工厂污染了下游居民的饮水,按科斯定理,问题就能够妥善解决A、不管产权是否明确,只要交易成本为零B、只要产权明确,且交易成本为零c、只要产权明确,不管交易成本多大D、不论产权是否明确,交易成本是否为零13、市场不能带给纯粹公共产品是由于:A、公共产品不具有竞用性B、公共产品不具有排他性c、消费者都想免费搭车D、以上三种状况都是14、若一种商品的消费量随着消费者收入的增加而减少,一般来说,改商品是A、正常品B、奢侈品c、必需品D、劣质品15、吉芬商品表现为A、需求收入弹性和需求价格弹性都是正值B、需求收入弹性为负,需求价格弹性为正c、需求收入弹性为正,需求价格弹性为负D、需求收入弹性和需求价格弹性都是负值二、作图分析说明题1、作图说明赋税是如何造成经济剩余的无谓损失2、作图说明利率提高是何增加或是减少家庭储蓄的两种图型,并做必须的分析三、计算题1、从甲地到乙地汽车原价为10元,火车的乘客为12万,当汽车的票价由原先的10元减至8。

《微观经济学》阶段练习二及答案

《微观经济学》阶段练习二及答案

华东理工大学网络教育学院《微观经济学》课程阶段练习二(第四章——第五章)一、单项选择题1、对于一种商品,消费者想要有的数量都已有了,这时,( )。

A.边际效用最大;B.边际效用为零;C.总效用为零; D边际效用为负2、如果商品X对于商品Y的边际替代率MRS小于X和Y的价格之比P(X)/P(Y),则()A、该消费者获得了最大效用;B、该消费者应该增加X的消费,减少Y的消费;C、应该调整X和Y的价格;D、该消费者应该减少X的消费,增加Y的消费;3、序数效用论认为,商品效用的大小( )。

A.取决于它的使用价值;B.取决于它的价格;C.不可比较;D.可以比较4、无差异曲线的形状取决于( )。

A.消费者偏好;B.消费者收入;C.所购商品的价格;D.商品效用水平的大小5、某个消费者的无差异曲线图包含无数条无差异曲线,因为()。

A.收入有时高,有时低; B.欲望是无限的;C.消费者人数是无限的;D.商品的数量是无限的6、边际成本低于平均成本时()。

A.平均成本上升;B.平均可变成本可能上升也可能下降;C.总成本下降;D.平均可变成本上升。

7、短期平均成本曲线成为U形的原因与()。

A.规模报酬有关;B.外部经济与不经济有关;C.要素的边际生产率有关;D.固定成本与可变成本所占比重有关。

8、长期平均成本曲线成为U形的原因()。

A.规模报酬有关;B.外部经济与不经济有关;C.要素的边际生产率有关;D.固定成本与可变成本所占比重有关。

9、如果以利润最大化为目标的企业的边际收益小于边际成本,那么,该企业()A、应该增加其产量B、应该减少其产量C、必然获得经济利润D、必然处于亏损状态10、边际技术替代率递减规律表明:当每增加1单位劳动()A、保持产量不变时,资本量减少较多B、保持产量不变时,资本量减少较少C、如果资本量保持不变,产量就会增加的更多D、如果资本量保持不变,产量的增加会更少二、判断题1、当边际效用为零时,总效用最小。

微观经济学模拟试题(含答案)

微观经济学模拟试题(含答案)

微观经济学模拟试题(含答案)《微观经济学》模拟试题与答案一、名词解释(每小题3分,共15分)1、均衡价格某商品的市场需求量与市场供给量相等时的价格(2分),这种均衡价格出现在市场需求曲线与市场供给曲线相交的交点上,该交点为均衡点(1分)。

2、生产者剩余厂商在提供一定的某种产品时实际接受的总支付与愿意接受的最小总支付之间的差额(2分),我们可以用市场价格线以下和供给线以上的面积来表示生产者剩余。

(1分)3、边际成本边际成本(MC )是厂商增加一单位产量时所增加的总成本(2分),公式为dQ dTCMC (1分)。

4、寡头市场少数几家厂商控制整个市场的产品和销售的市场组织,是一种较为普遍的市场组织。

(3分)5、帕累托最优对于某种资源配置状态,任意的改变都不能使至少一个人的状况变好而又不使任何人的状况变坏,则称这种资源配置状态为帕累托最优状态。

(3分)二、简答(每小题10分,共50分)1、简述影响需求价格弹性的因素。

(1)商品的可替代性。

一般来说,一种商品的可替代品越多,相近程度越高,高商品的需求的价格弹性就越大,反之则需求价格弹性越小。

(2分)(2)商品用途的广泛性。

用途越广泛,需求的价格弹性就越大,反之则越小(2分)。

(3)商品对消费者生活的重要程度。

对消费者生活越重要,弹性越小,反之则弹性越大。

(2分)(4)商品的消费支出在消费者预算总支出中所占的比重,比重越大,需求的价格弹性越大,反之则越小。

(2分)(5)消费者调节需求量的时间,一般来说,所考察的调节时间越长,则需求的价格弹性越大,反之则越小。

(2分)2、单一要素的生产过程的合理投入区域是如何确定的?QTP第一阶段第二阶段第三阶段APLMP一种可变生产因素的生产函数的产量曲线图示(2分)生产的合理投入区域是平均产量最大直到边际产量为零的阶段(2分)。

在图示的第一阶段,劳动的平均产量始终上升,且达到最大值,劳动的边际产量上升达到最大值,然后开始下降,劳动的总产量实证则增加,这说明生产者只有增加可变因素劳动的投入量就可以较大幅度地增加总产量,任何理性的生产者都不会在这一阶段停止增加劳动投入,他们会不断扩大生产进入第二阶段。

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华东理工大学网络教育学院
(全部答在答题纸上,请写清题号,反面可用。

试卷与答题纸分开交)
微观经济学1506模拟卷2
一、单选题(共10题,每题2分,共20分)
1. 垄断竞争厂商短期均衡时,(D )。

(2分)
A.厂商一定能获得超额利润;
B.厂商一定不能获得超额利润;
C.只能得到正常利润;
D.取得超额利润,发生亏损及获得正常利润三种情况都可能发生。

2. 工资率上升所导致的替代效应是指( C)。

(2分)
A.工作同样长的时间可得到更多的收入
B.工作较短的时间可得到同样的收入
C.工人宁愿工作更长的时间,以收入带来的享受替代闲暇带来的享受
D.以上都正确
3. 如果某商品富有需求的价格弹性,则该商品价格上升( C)(2分)
A.会使销售收益增加;
B.该商品销售收益不变;
C.会使销售收益下降;
D.销售收益可能增加也可能减少。

4. 对完全垄断厂商来说,(C )。

(2分)
A.提高价格一定能增加收益;
B.降低价格一定会减少收益;
C.提高价格未必能增加收益,降低价格未必减少收益;
D.以上都不对。

5. 容易导致市场失灵的市场类型是( D) (2分)
A.自由竞争市场
B.完全垄断市场
C.寡头市场
D.B和C
6. 如果市场价格超过平均成本,边际收益大于边际成本,垄断厂商多卖1单位时(D )。

(2分)
A.对总利润没有影响,但会缩小边际收益和边际成本之间的差额;
B.总利润会减少;
C.厂商总收益会减少,其数额等于P-AC;
D.总利润会增加,其数额为MR-MC,并缩小边际收益和边际成本之间的差额。

7. 垄断竞争厂商长期均衡点上,长期平均成本曲线处于(D )。

(2分)
A.上升阶段;
B.下降阶段;
C.水平阶段;
D.以上三种情况都可能。

8. 等成本曲线平行向外移动表明(D )。

(2分)
A.产量提高了
B.成本增加了
C.生产要素的价格按相同比例提高了
D.生产要素的价格按不同比例提高了
9. 假定完全竞争行业内某厂商在目前产量水平上的边际成本.平均成本和平均收益均等于1美元,则这家厂商(A )。

(2分)
A.肯定只得到正常利润;
B.肯定没得到最大利润;
C.是否得到了最大利润还不能确定;
D.肯定得到了最少利润。

10. 垄断竞争厂商实现最大利润的途径有:(D )。

(2分)
A.调整价格从而确定相应产量;
B.品质竞争;
C.广告竞争;
D.以上途径都可能用。

二、判断题(共11题,每题1分,共11分)
1. 企业的规模报酬分析属于长期生产理论问题。

(对)(1分)( )
.2. 产量增加的比例大于各种生产要素增加的比例,称为规模报酬递增。

(对)(1分)( )
.3. 两种产品在两个人之间分配,达到帕雷托最优条件时各人都处在其消费契约曲线上。

(对)(1分)( )
.4. 如果上游工厂污染了下游居民的饮水,根据科斯定理只要财产权明确,不管交易成本有多大,问题即可妥善解决。

(对)(1分)( )
.5. 如果商品X对于商品Y的边际替代率MRS大于X和Y的价格之比P(X)/P(Y),则该消费者应该增加X的消费,减少Y的消费。

(错)(1分)( )
.6. “薄利多销”的销售策略适应于需求价格弹性范围是e p﹥1。

(对)(1分) ( )
.7. 就正常品而言,消费者的收入增加会导致需求曲线向右上方移动。

(对)(1分)( )
.8. 经济学家通常所指的“经济问题”是经济发展问题。

(错)(1分)( )
.9. 从要素的所有收入中减去那部分不会影响要素总供给,那一部分要素收入称为准租金。

(对)(1分)( )
.10. 某商品的消费量随着消费者收入的增加而减少,则该商品是互补品。

(错)(1分)( )
.11. 基尼系数是衡量一个国家贫富差距的标准,等于不平等面积与完全不平等面积之比。

()(1分)(对 )
.
三、名词解释(共6题,每题3分,共18分)
1. 寡头市场(3分)
在西方也称寡头垄断,是指一种商品的生产和销售有少数几家大厂商所控制的市场结构。

2. 科斯定理(3分)
科斯定理(Coase theorem)由罗纳德·科斯(Ronald Coase)提出的一种观点,认为在某些条件下,经济的外部性或曰非效率可以通过当事人的谈判而得到纠正,从而达到社会效益最大化。

3. 洛伦兹曲线(3分)
洛伦兹曲线(Lorenz curve),也译为"劳伦兹曲线"。

就是,在一个总体(国家、地区)内,以"最贫穷的人口计算起一直到最富有人口"的人口百分比对应各个人口百分比的收入百分比的点组成的曲线。

4. 价格歧视(3分)
价格歧视(price discrimination)实质上是一种价格差异,通常指商品或服务的提供者在向不同的接受者提供相同等级、相同质量的商品或服务时,在接受者之间实行不同的销售价格或收费标准。

5. 边际产品价值(3分)
边际产品价值(VMP)是指在其他条件不变的前提下,厂商增加一单位要素投入所增加的产品的价值。

它为一种投入品的边际产品(也就是额外一单位投入品所导致的额外产出)乘以产品的价格,即VMP=P×MP,表示在完全竞争条件下,厂商增加使用一个单位要素所增加的收益
6. 需求的价格弹性(3分)
需求的价格弹性表示需求量对价格变动反应程度的指标。

弹性系数(需求的价格弹性系数=Ep)等于需求量变动百分比除以价格变动的百分比。

需求的价格弹性(price elasticity of demand)是当所有其他影响买者计划的因素都保持不变时,一种产品的需求量对其价格变动反应敏感程度的一个无单位衡量的指标。

四、问答题(共3题,每题8分,共24分)
1. 为什么有时发生亏损的厂商会选择继续生产而不是关闭?(8分)
2. 在垄断竞争市场中,厂商推出不同品牌的同一产品是否有必要?(8分)
3. 成为垄断者的厂商可以任意定价,这种说法对吗?(8分)
五、计算题(共3题,每题9分,共27分)
1. 在英国,对新汽车需求的价格弹性E d=-1.2,需求的收入弹性Ey=3.0,请计算:(1)其他条件不变,价格提高3%对需求的影响;(2)其他条件不变,收入增加2%对需求的影响。

(9分)
2、(1)需求减少3.6%;(2)需求增加6%。

2. 设效用函数为U=X.Y,预算约束为I=X.P X+ Y.P Y,其中已知收入I、商品价格P X、P Y,求解商品X、Y的需求函数。

(9分)
3. 已知生产函数为Q=f(K,L)=KL-0.5L2-0.32K2,Q表示产量,K表示资本,L表示劳动。

令上式的K=10。

(1)写出劳动的平均产量(AP)函数和边际产量(MP)函数。

(2)分别计算当总产量、平均产量和边际产量达到极大值时厂商雇佣的劳动。

(3)证明当AP 达到极大时AP=MP=2。

(9分)
解:对于Q=KL-0.5L2-0.32K2
令K=10
则Q=10L-0.5L2-0.32*102
=—32+10L-0.5L2
32
(1) AP=10-0.5L-——
L
MP=10-L。

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