英语语法--句子成分

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英语语法--句子成分分析(13张)

英语语法--句子成分分析(13张)

Exercises:分析句子结构
1)I am a teacher and I touch the future. 2)He felt happy today. 3)You make my heart smile. 4)he likes playing football. 5)After he finished his homework, he went to school.
名,代,数,不定 式,动名词,短语或 句子 动词或动词词组
We like Tie Zhu
谓语
We like Tie Zhu
宾语
表语
表示动作行为的对象
与联系动词连用,一起构成谓 语,说明主语的性质或特征 用来修饰名词或代词 修饰动词,形容词,副词,表 示动作发生的时间,地点,原 因,目的,方式等 逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系
4)感官系动词 feel, smell, sound, taste 例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft. 注意:系动词不用于被动语态. 5)变化系动词 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如: He became mad after that. 。
系动词
1)状态系动词(be动词) 例如: I am a teacher. 2)持续系动词 keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 例如:The key to longevity is that one should keep his breath. 3)表像系动词 seem, appear, look, 例如:He looks tired.
宾语 补足语
形容词,名词,不定 式,介词短语等

英语语法-句子成分-详解

英语语法-句子成分-详解

英语语法-句子成分-详解一个英语句子里面分为必须的成分:主语、谓语;可能有的成分:宾语、补语、修饰语(定语、状语、同位语)。

主语和宾语主语1)主语一般在句子开头,是句子的“陈述对象”,通常由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、相当于名词的词组或从句、引用充当。

如:The students all love their English teacher.这些学生都喜欢他们的英语老师。

They go to school by bus.他们乘公共汽车上学。

Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看太多电视对你的眼睛是有害的。

What we need is a good rest.我们需要的是好好休息一下。

"I love you" is often heared on Valentine's Day.情人节时,经常听到有人说”我爱你“。

2)形式主语与真实主语主语是不定式短语、动名词短语或分句时,常会放在句尾,用"it"代替它原来的位置,这个"it"被称为形式主语,放在句尾的原主语为真实主语。

如:It's very hard to get to sleep.入睡很难。

(不定式短语为真实主语,it为形式主语)It's a pity that you can't come.你不能来真是件遗憾的事。

(句子为真实主语,it为形式主语)宾语1)宾语是行为动作的对象,一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语,充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、名词化的形容词、动名词、动词不定式、介词短语或句子。

如:I bought a ticket for Milan.我买了一张去米兰的车票。

I enjoyed talking to you.我和你谈话很高兴。

They decided to close the border.他们决定封闭边境。

英语语法-句子成分

英语语法-句子成分


[kɔːt] n. 法院;球场;朝廷;奉承; vt. 招致(失败、危险等);向…献殷勤;设法获得 vi. 求爱

Coming here is like entering a fairyland. 到这里就像进入 仙境一样。 The building of this house this year is the big thing for me.
He likes dancing.
They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 Students study. 学students come from the countryside. 大多数学生来
自农村。

Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Six times five equals (is equal to , is, are , make 或 makes ) thirty. 六乘五等于三十。
情态动词 + 动词原形:如
1.
I can’t thank you enough. 我对你真感激不尽。(can’t
thank …. enough 对….感激不尽)


The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都
爱他们的英语老师。

It was love at first sight for both of us. 我们俩一见钟情。 I love all of her. 我爱她的一切。 We are friends。 我们是朋友

今年修这座房子对我来说是大事。

Seeing is believing. (动名词) Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对 你的眼睛是有害的。 It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。

英语语法 句子成分

英语语法 句子成分

英语语法句子成分英语语法句子成分句子的成分1.定义:组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。

表语、宾语、宾语补足语都是谓语里的组成部分。

句子成分意义例句主语表示句子所说的是'什么人'或'什么事物',一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。

Lucy is an American girl .We study in No.1 Middle School .谓语说明主语'做什么'、'是什么'或者'怎么样'。

谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)用动词。

谓语和主语在'人称'和'数'两方面必须一致We love China . / She is singing .Mike hopes to be a doctor . / His parents are farmers .表语说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。

Her aunt is a driver . / Are you ready ?We were at home last night .句子成分意义例句宾语表示动词、行为的对象,由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当,和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

He often helps me . / We study English at school.Did you see him yesterday ?定语用来修饰名词或代词。

作定语的除形容词外,还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。

The black bike is mine. / What's your name,please ?We have four lessons in the morning ?状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。

英语语法之句子成分

英语语法之句子成分

一、句子成分(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

句子成分详解表(二)主语:主语(Subject)是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如:1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. ()2. We often speak English in class. ()3. One-third of the students in this class are girls. ()4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. ()5. Smoking does harm to the health. ()6. The rich should help the poor. ()7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. ()8. It is necessary to master a foreign language. ()趁热打铁一.改错:1. Do exercise is good for your health.2. Eat much meat is bad for your health.二.指出下列句中主语的中心词:The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.三.找出下面句子的主语:1. It is a pleasure to talk to you.2. Cleaning the house needs a lot of time.(三)谓语谓语(Predicate) 说明主语是什么,做什么或怎么样,由动词充当。

初中英语语法句子成分

初中英语语法句子成分

初中英语语法句子成分主语:主语是一个句子的主体,一般位于句首。

名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句(名词性从句里会细讲主语从句)等均可作主语。

*Alight wind disturbed the surface of the water.微风使水面泛起涟漪(名词短语作主语)*Nobodycan help you except yourself. 除了你自己没人能帮你。

(代词作主语)*Two-thirdsof them can play more than two musical instruments.他们中三分之二会演奏两种以上乐器。

(数词做主语)*Therich are not always happier than the poor. 有钱人并不一定比穷人快乐。

(名词化的形容词作主语,注意the+形容词表一类人,谓语用复数。

主谓一致会详细讲解)*Togo to bed early and to get up early is a good habit.早睡早起是一种好习惯。

(不定式短语作主语,“To go to bed earlyand to get up early 早睡早起”表示同一概念,谓语用单数。

)*Travellingabroad is popular these years. 近年来出国旅游很流行。

(动词-ing形式短语作主语)*Wheneveryou come will be fine. 你无论何时来都可以。

(从句作主语)谓语:用来描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态,一般位于主语之后,由动词或动词短语充当,且谓语有人称、数、时态和语态等的变化。

(详细参考“主语与动词”笔记)*Lindaworked for the company for two years.*Theold man must be sent to hospital at once.*Ihave tried this way three times.*Whathappened last night?*Iwould like to invite all my friends here.*Ourschool becomes more beautiful.宾语:1. 定义:宾语是动作的承受者,一般位于及物动词之后。

初中英语语法——句子成分

初中英语语法——句子成分

初中英语语法——句子成分一、句子成分精讲句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。

主要成分:主语与谓语1、主语一个句子中需要加以说明或描述得对象。

主语得位置:一般位于句首,由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词得词、短语等充当。

The schoolis far from here、名词做主语She goesto schoolby bike、代词做主语Eightis alucky number。

数词做主语Theblindneedmore help。

名词化得形容词做主语There isapen on the desk、名词做主语Predicting the futureis interesting。

动名词做主语Tobe a doctor is my dream、不定式短语做主语2、谓语表示人或事物(主语)得动作与存在得状态.英语中由动词be、动词have与行为动词来充当谓语动词句子得时态与语态就是通过谓语表现出来。

谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上得助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。

分析句子得主语与谓语Mr。

Li teaches English、Hecan play the piano。

My parentsandIare having dinner.3、表语用来说明主语得身份、特征、性质、状态、表语得位置用在动词be与系动词得后面。

名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以与连系动词一起构成复合谓语。

Your pen ison thedesk。

He gotvery angry.My dream istohave a robot、常见得系动词1。

be动词2、与感觉有关得动词look, sound, smell,taste, feel 等3。

表示状态变化得动词,意为“变得" “变成” 如get,grow, turn等上述两类词作连系动词时要用形容词作表语,千万不能用副词、4、宾语就是动作得对象或承受者、及物动词必须跟宾语。

英语语法——英语句子成分分析

英语语法——英语句子成分分析

英语语法——英语句子成分分析I.八大成分的概念和构成1.主语(名词代词形):句子的主体,是谓语陈述,说明的对象。

2.谓语:表示主语的行为或进行的活动。

3.宾语:行为或活动的对象,接受者或受影响者。

5.补语:补充说明。

(由动词类别来决定)6.定语:对名词性形式进行范围限定。

7.同位语:对被修饰对象进行补充说明或进一步解释。

8.状语:修饰词,短语,从句和整句。

位置:自由自在。

1)修饰性状语:(时间,地点,肯定,否定,程度,频度,方式,伴随,原因,目的,比较等)。

2)连接性状语:(顺序,递进,转折,让步,结果,推论,比较)。

3)评述性状语:修饰整个句子,表示说话人的看法或态度。

II.成分关系1.补语跟着宾语表语跑:补语跟在宾语和表语的后面构成宾补和表补。

把有宾补的句子变成被动语态,则宾补就变成了主补。

To love others makes us happy…to love ourselves makes us lonely.(宾补)We are made happy to love others…we are made lonely to love ourselves.(主补)爱他人使我们幸福,在自己使我们孤单。

2.定语,同位(语)专把名词踹:定语,同位语修饰名词性形式Experience is the best teacher.(被定语所修饰的形式为名词)They are going to Melbourne, the beautiful city in southern Australia.(同位语所修饰的形式为名词)3.谓语动词由状语修饰When you reach for the stars, you may not quite get one, bu t you won’t come up with a handful of sand either.你想摘下天上的星星,可能一个也摘不下;但也不会一无所获。

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三、宾语 (OBJECT)
动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语

宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语指物,间接宾语 指人。 eg. He gave me some books.

↓ 间 接 宾 语
↓ 直 接 宾 语
找出宾语:

Please pass me the book.
间接宾语: me

系动词不用于被动语态. The apple tastes sweet.
找出表语:

The war was over.

They seem to know the truth.

Time is precious.
六、补足语( COMPLEMENT)
补足语分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。 1、宾语补足语:补充说明宾语状态,使句子意义完整
object
attribute adverbial predicative complement appositive
名词、代词
形容词、数次等 副词 形容词、名词 名词、形容词、副词、短语等 名词、关系词、副词、状语等
examples
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 主谓 语语 定 语 宾 语 同 位 语 状 语


六、表语( PREDICATIVE)
系动词后的成分,表主语的性质、特征、状态
常见系动词: be(am/is/are/were/was), appear, look, seem

feel, smell, taste, sound, keep, turn, become get, grow, come, go……



He told me the news that I am interested in. 从句
常用及物动词: make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let……
eg. I found the book interesting.
2、主语补足语:主动语态变成被动语态后,宾补变主补。
eg. I last saw him playing near the river. → He was last seen playing near the river.
句法(一)
---by Elena
句子成分

定义:构成句子的各部分叫做句子的成分。句子成分 有主要成分和次要成分。 主要成分:主语、谓语 次要成分:宾语、定语、状语、表语、补足语、同位 语


句子成分 主语 谓语 subject predicate
常用词性 名词、代词 动词
宾语
定语 状语 表语 补足语 同位语





What he has said is true.
找出主语:

The sun rises in the east.
He likes traveling. 代词
名词


Twenty years is a short time in history. To see is to believing. 不定式

There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词)
五、状语( ADVERBIAL )
表状态(时间、地点、原因等)

I will be back in a while.

They are playing on the playground.
He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that I missed the train.
数词


It is very clear that English is important in traveling. It形式主语,从句主语是真正主语
二、谓语 (PREDICATE)

简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. He has caught a bad cold. She doesn’t seem to like dancing.
→ 直接宾语: the book

They enjoyed traveling abroad.
→ 宾语: traveling abroad
四、定语(ATTRIBUTE)
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句

He is a clever boy. (形容词)

There are 54 students in our class. (数词)
He pushed the door open. → The door was pushed open.
找出补足语:

Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out. He made himself known to them.


The teacher caught the student cheating in the exam. →The student was caught cheating in the exam.
2. We saw a wonderful film yesterday evening.
3. English has become very useful in the world.
一、主语(SUBJECT)

Jane is good at playing the piano.
She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old.


八、同位语 (APPOSITIVE)
位于名词或代词后面,二次说明它们的性质和情况

We young people should respect the old. 名词
He himself will do the experiment. 代词 He is the oldest among them four. 数词
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