高一英语必修一Unit4Earthquakes知识点讲解和练习
年级 高一年级 科目 英语 任课老师 苏老师
辅导课题 Unit 4. Earthquakes
辅导目标 重点驾驭定语从句——关系代词的用法；
本次
辅导
的知
识点
分析 重点 1、 只能用that不能用which引导定语从句的状况；
2、 只能用which不能用that引导定语从句的状况。
难点 1、驾驭与end搭配的常用短语；
2、辨析：injury，hurt，harm与wound；
3、辨析：ruin，destroy，damage，break与spoill。
留意点 as引导的定语从句。
课堂讲解及训练
课堂讲解
一、学问讲授
1、In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst .
（1）爆裂, 爆发, 突然裂开
The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。
(2)猛冲；突然出现
He burst into the room without knocking.
【拓展】
burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑
burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭
2、It seemed as if the world wasat an end!
【短语归纳】与end搭配的常用短语：
come to an end vi.结束（用作谓语）
bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止
at the end of在…终点（末）（指时间或空间）
by the end of到…末为止（现在完成时连用）
by the end of last...（与过去完成时连用）
by the end of next...（用于将来完成时）
in the end最终，最终（作状语）
on end连续
to the end究竟
without end没完没了的
【随堂练习】用at the end of, by the end of 和 in the end填空。
（1）How many English words have you learned ____________ last term
（2）He became an outstanding doctor ___________.
（3）My uncle will fly to China _________ this year.
4.、In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
（1）n. 残垣断壁；废墟（名词时常用复数）
The city lay in ruins after years of bombing. （2）v.毁灭；使破产
The hurricane ruined all the houses here.
【拓展】
be in ruins 呈一片废墟 fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to ruin 毁灭，落空
ruin oneself 自我毁灭 bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭
【辨析】ruin，destroy，damage，break与spoil
易混词 辨析 例句
ruin 一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美妙的或希望中的事物的破坏。 The bad weather ruined our
trip.
destroy 表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法复原，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。 What he said destroyed our
last hope.
damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。 The earthquake caused great
damage.
break
一般指“破坏，打破，打碎”的意思。它表示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西，如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象的东西，如法律、缄默、魔力、习惯等。 She didn't break the rules.
spoil 破坏，糟蹋，其重点在于破坏事物原先的结构、和谐性，使事物不再具有原先的特点，宾语常是景致、食欲、安排等。 The apples spoiled.
5、Two-thirds of them died or wereinjured during the earthquake.
【辨析】injury，hurt，harm与wound
易混词 辨析 例句
injury 多指意外事故受伤。比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。 A bullet injured his lefgt
eye.
hurt 既可指肉体上的损害，也可指精神上、感情上的损害；作不及物动词，意为“（身体某部位）难受”。指肉体上的损害时，hurt可与badly,slightly,seriously等连用，但若指精神上的创伤，只能说very
much/rather/deeply hurt。 He hurt her feelings.
harm 用于肉体或精神上的损害均可，有时可指引起担心或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其指不道德的事情。 Smoking harmed his health.
wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严峻的伤，尤指在战场上受伤。 He had a bullet wound in
his chest.
6、Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
(1)n.援救，营救
The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.
（2）v. 救援；挽救
He rescued a boy from drowning.
【拓展】
rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把···从···营救出来
come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队
a rescue mission 救援任务 rescue workers 救援人员 【随堂练习】用rescue的适当形式填空
（1）The mother, along with her two children, _________from the sinking boat by a passing ship.
（2）The firemen ________ five children from the burning house yesterday.
7、…that hot water give out.
（1）分发；发出
Students were giving out leaflets to everyone in the street.
The red radiator gives out a lot of heat.
（2）用完
My money will give out soon.
【归纳总结】
give out分发；发出；用完 give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露
give back归还；复原give in呈上；倒戈，屈服，认输
give off发出，放出give over停止，中止
give up放弃give on to/onto sth.朝向，面对；通向
8、Your speech was heard by a group of five jueges,all of whom agreed that it was thebest one this year.
(1)n.裁判员；法官；审判员
His father used to be a judge. 他的父亲过去是一名法官。
(2)v. 推断；断定
Don’t judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人。
【拓展】
judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过…推断…
as far as I judge 我认为…
judging from… 从…来看， 依据…推断
【随堂练习】用与judge相关的词汇填空
（1）______his appearance, he must be a rich man.
（2）_______ , he must be from the south.
二、语法讲解——定语从句
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词成为先行词。定语从句一般位于先行词之后。引导定语从句的有关系代词或关系副词，关系代词有：that, which,
who(whom),whose和as；关系副词有：when,where, why。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语；关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
一、关系代词的用法
1、关系代词which用来指物，在从句中可作主语或宾语。
This is a book which tells about space rocket technology.（作主语）
The letter which I received yesterday was from my brother.（作宾语）
The hotel which I stayed in last month is over there.（作介词的宾语）
2、关系代词that既可指物，也可指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
They live in a house that was built 200 years ago.（作主语）
She is the girl that you saw in school.作宾语）
Here is the car that I told you about.（作介词的宾语）
注：that在句中作宾语时可省略，须要留意的是that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放到that之前，若要将介词提前，必需将that改成which或whom。
Here is the car about which I told you .
Is he the man with whom you shook hands just now
3、关系代词who, whom指代人，在句中作主语或宾语。
高一英语必修一Unit5Nelson Mandela—a modern hero知识点讲解和练习
第1页（共9页）
年级 高一年级 科目 英语 任课教师 苏老师
辅导课题 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
辅导目标 重点掌握定语从句——关系代词的用法；
本次
辅导
的知
识点
分析 重点 1、 只能用that不能用which引导定语从句的情况；
2、 只能用which不能用that引导定语从句的情况。
难点 1、掌握与end搭配的常用短语；
2、辨析：injury，hurt，harm与wound；
3、辨析：ruin，destroy，damage，break与spoill。
注意点 as引导的定语从句。
课堂讲解及训练
课堂讲解
一、知识讲授
1、A great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
devote verb. 献身；致力；专心
davote oneself to … 献身于……
davote one’s life/time to sb./sth. 把生命/时间献给某人/某事
davote one’s energy to … 奉献精力于……
davote … to … 把…… 用于……
be devoted to… 忠诚于……，致力于……
eg：They are devoted to their children.
He devoted his life to helping blind people.
【随堂训练】
（1）_______ to his research work, the professor cared little about any other things.
A. Devoting B. Devoted C. Having devoted D. To devote
答案是B。形容词表主语的状态，在句中作原因状语。
【推荐下载】高一英语必修1语言点同步练习：unit 4 Earthquakes
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1 高一英语必修1语言点同步练习：unit 4 Earthquakes
英语的母语使用者数量位居世界第三，精品小编准备了高一英语必修1语言点同步练习，具体请看以下内容。 I. 介、副词填空 1. They are planning to tear _______ these old houses ________new buildings. 2. He’ s new in the office but he’ 11 soon shake ________. 3. I’ll get in touch _________them right__________. 4. Leaders hope that serious differences on the issue among their fellows are now ________an end. 5. The houses across the street are________ ruins. 6. Some people died ________ falling furniture and bricks in the earthquake. 7. You should tie the horse _________the pole. 8. My home is far ________the train station.
Unit 4 知识点讲解与练习 【新教材】人教版(2019版)高一英语必修第一册
新必修一unit4
课文
The Night the Earth didn’t Sleep
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the
water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the
well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were
too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for
places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 am on July 28 1976, bright lights
were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one
million people were asleep as usual that night.
河北省东北部的农村发生了一些奇怪的事情。几天来，村里水井里的水涨了又跌，涨又跌。井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。至少有一口井里冒出了一些难闻的气体。鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃东西，狗也不肯进楼里。老鼠从田野里跑出来寻找藏身之处，鱼儿从水里跳出来。1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，唐山市外的天空出现了明亮的灯光和巨大的噪音。但那天晚上，这座城市的一百万居民像往常一样睡着了。
人教版高一英语必修一unit1 知识点讲解及练习
单元要点预览
1. 谚语：a friend in need is a friend indeed 患难见真情
A friend is like a second self. 朋友是另一个自我。
一、短语归纳
lought at 嘲笑 hide away 躲起来 a series of 一系列
grow\be crazy about 对…十分狂热；十分痴迷
something to do with与…有关的某事、 nothing to do with 与…无关
happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 at dusk: 黄昏时刻 傍晚
face to face面对面 Take care of 照顾Walking the dog 遛狗 （
Pay for sth 为…付款 Pack（sth）up将东西装箱打包
Finish sth\doing sth完成某事、完成做某事 Stay awake 熬夜
end-of-term exam 期末考 fall in love with 爱上
according to 根据 make a list of 列清单
二、.词语辨析
1. calm / quiet / silent / still
【解释】
calm 天气、水、水面（表风平浪静）；（指人时）表示镇定自如。
quiet 表“宁静”、“安静”、“寂静”，侧重没有响声，没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和，文静。
silent 表“沉默”、“不发言”、“不说话”，常常表示人不爱说话，沉默无语。 still “不动的”，指人时侧重一动不动，；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo.
2). Why do you keep __________?
人教版高一英语必修一Unit_1__Friendship知识点详解和练习试卷
Unit 1 Friendship 课堂讲解
一、单词
1、重点单词讲解。
（1）add
① add …to… 把…添加…/把…加起来
② add up to 共计，总共
③ add to 增添
（2）upset
过去式：upset 过去分词：upset 现在分词：upsetting
adj.心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的
be upset about/over 为某事心烦、不安
be upset that 心烦
vt.使不安，使心烦
It upsets sb that 让某人心烦的是
It upsets sb to do sth 做某事使某人不安
(3) concern
vt. 使担心，顾虑，涉及，关系到
n. 担心，关注，利害关系
①as far as sb/sth + be concerned 就某人而言，对于某人来说
as far as I am concerned 就我而言，对于我来说
as far as he is concerned 对他来说
as far as English is concerned 关于英语，对于英语
②be concerned about/for 关心，挂念
have no concerned about/for
③be concerned in/with 涉及到，与…有关
have no concerned in/with
（4）go through
①经历，遭受，忍受 go through one difficulty after another.经历一个又一个困难。
人教版高一英语必修一Unit 3. Travel journal知识点详解和练习试卷
Unit 3. Travel journal课堂讲解
一、知识讲授
1、Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train?
sth. 更喜欢…
(sb.) to do sth. 更喜欢（某人）做…
prefer that（should）+动词原形… 更喜欢…
sth./doing...to sth./doing… 与…相比更喜欢…；宁愿…，不愿…
to do...rather than do… 宁可…也不…
eg：I would prefer meat to fish.
I prefer singing to acting.
He prefers to stay at home rather than go shopping.
2、Then she persuade me to buy one.
(1)、说服; 劝服;
sb 说服某人
persuade sb. (not) to do sth.
sb. into / out of doing sth.
eg：I persuaded him to do it.
=I persuaded him into doing it.
（2）、使相信，使信服
persuade sb of sth 使某人信服某事
persuade sb that … 使某人相信…
eg：He has persuaded me of its truth.
I am persuaded that such is the fact.
【注意】如果“劝说”不服, 不能直接用persuade, 而应用try to persuade sb to do或advise sb
to do, 或者用persuade的否定式。
人教版高中英语必修一高一英语《Unit4Earthquakes》练习题
高中英语学习材料
（灿若寒星*制作整理）
I. 根据首字母给出适当的单词
1. The houses were d____________ by an earthquake.
2. Many men were b___________ underground when there was an accident at the
mine.
3. As a result of the accident, the e＿＿＿＿＿ has to be cut off.
4. They began the r____________ work at once, as soon as the earthquake happened.
5. It is u____________ to argue with him, he is too stubborn.
6. There were dozens of people i____________ in the fire, and they were sent to
hospital immediately.
7. Your hands will be d____________ if you play in the d____________.
8. Earthquake is the most terrible d____________ in the world.
9. How many j____________ have been invited to the competition?
10. That place is dirty and s_________.
II. 单项选择
1. _____ the machine begins to work, you can’t stop it. _____.
A. While; soon B. For; at once C. Once; right away D. Until;
人教版高一英语必修一unit1 知识点讲解与练习
）））））） 单元要点预览
1. 谚语：a friend in need is a friend indeed 患难见真情
A friend is like a second self. 朋友是另一个自我。
一、短语归纳
lought at 嘲笑 hide away 躲起来 a series of 一系列
grow\be crazy about 对…十分狂热；十分痴迷
something to do with与…有关的某事、 nothing to do with 与…无关
happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 at dusk: 黄昏时刻 傍晚
face to face面对面 Take care of 照顾Walking the dog 遛狗 （
Pay for sth 为…付款 Pack（sth）up将东西装箱打包
Finish sth\doing sth完成某事、完成做某事 Stay awake 熬夜
end-of-term exam 期末考 fall in love with 爱上
according to 根据 make a list of 列清单
二、.词语辨析
1. calm / quiet / silent / still
【解释】
calm 天气、水、水面（表风平浪静）；（指人时）表示镇定自如。
quiet 表“宁静”、“安静”、“寂静”，侧重没有响声，没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和，文静。
silent 表“沉默”、“不发言”、“不说话”，常常表示人不爱说话，沉默无语。 still “不动的”，指人时侧重一动不动，；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动。
）））））） 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo.
人教版高一英语必修一Unit 1 Friendship知识点详解和练习试卷
课堂讲解
一、单词
1、重点单词讲解。
（1）add
① add …to… 把…添加…/把…加起来
② add up to 共计，总共
③ add to 增添
（2）upset
过去式：upset 过去分词：upset 现在分词：upsetting
adj.心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的
be upset about/over 为某事心烦、不安
be upset that 心烦
vt.使不安，使心烦
It upsets sb that 让某人心烦的是
It upsets sb to do sth 做某事使某人不安
(3)concern
vt. 使担心，顾虑，涉及，关系到
n. 担心，关注，利害关系
①as far as sb/sth + be concerned 就某人而言，对于某人来说
as far as I am concerned 就我而言，对于我来说
as far as he is concerned 对他来说
as far as English is concerned 关于英语，对于英语
②be concerned about/for 关心，挂念
have no concerned about/for
③be concerned in/with 涉及到，与…有关
have no concerned in/with
（4）go through
①经历，遭受，忍受 go through one difficulty after another.经历一个又一个困难。
人教版高一英语必修一Unit-1--Friendship知识点详解和练习试卷
1
Unit 1 Friendship
一、语法直接引语和间接引语
(1) 陈述句的转换
直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时用连词that (that在口语中常省略) 引导，其人称、时态、时间状语、地点状语和指示代词作相应的变化。若引述动词用的是say to sb. 通常改为tell sb；若直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，要注意在第二个宾语从句前加连词that，引导第一个宾语从句的that可省，但引导第二个从句的that通常不省。
例句
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时---一般过去时 He said,“I walk to school.”
“I hope you can come,” he said to me. He said that he walk to school.
He told me that he hoped I could go.
现在进行时---过去进行时 He said,“I am walking to school. ” He said that he was walking to school.
现在完成时---过去完成时 He said,“I have walked to school.”
Jenny said, “I have lost a book.” He said that he had walked to school.
Jenny said she had lost a book.
一般过去时---过去完成时 He said,“I walked to school.”
“I broke your CD player.” He said that he had walked to school.
He told me he had broken my CD player.
过去完成时---过去完成时(不变) He said,“I had walked to school.” He said that he had walked to school.