上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年高一上学期期中考试数学试卷 Word版含答案

合集下载

上海市徐汇区高一上学期期中考试数学试卷含答案

上海市徐汇区高一上学期期中考试数学试卷含答案

上海市徐汇区高一上学期期中考试数学试卷一、填空题(共12小题).1.集合M={x∈R|x≤2020},有下列四个式子:①π∈M;②{π}⊆M;③π⊆M;④{π}∈M,其中正确的是(填序号).2.将化为有理数指数幂的形式为.3.陈述句“x>1或y>1”的否定形式是.4.若0<a<1,s<0,则a s1(填符号“>,≥,<,≤,”).5.已知集合A={x,y},B={2x,2x2},且A=B,则集合A=.6.已知集合P={x|﹣2≤x≤10},非空集合S={x|1﹣m≤x≤1+m},若x∈P是x∈S的必要条件,则实数m 的取值范围为.7.关于x的不等式|2x﹣a|+a<6的解集是(﹣1,3),则实数a=.8.如果直角三角形的周长为2,则此直角三角形面积的最大值是.9.若实数a,b,m满足2a=72b=m,且=2,则m的值为.10.已知正数x,y满足4x+9y=xy且x+y<m2﹣24m有解,则实数m的取值范围是.11.不等式(ax+3)(x2﹣b)≤0对x∈(﹣∞,0)恒成立,其中a,b∈Z,则a+b=.12.已知实数a>b>c,且满足:a+b+c=1,a2+b2+c2=3,则s=b+c的取值范围是.二、选择题13.已知a1a2b1b2≠0,陈述句P:关于x的一元一次不等式a1x+b1>0与a2x+b2>0有相同的解集;陈述句,则P是Q()A.充分非必要条件B.必要非充分条件C.充要条件D.非充分非必要条件14.设lg2=a,lg3=b,则log1225的值是()A.B.C.D.15.若a,b为非零实数,则以下不等式中恒成立的个数是()①;②;③;④.A.4B.3C.2D.116.已知,集合M={x|f(x)=0}={x1,x2,…,x7}⊆Z,且c1≤c2≤c3≤c4,则c4﹣c1不可能的值是()A.4B.9C.16D.64三、解答题17.已知集合A={x|x2﹣3x+2=0},B={x|x2﹣ax+a﹣1=0},C={x|x2+2(m+1)x+m2﹣5=0}.(1)若A∪B=A,求实数a的值;(2)若A∩C=C,求实数m的取值范围.18.经过多年的运作,“双十一”抢购活动已经演变成为整个电商行业的大型集体促销盛宴.为迎接2014年“双十一”网购狂欢节,某厂商拟投入适当的广告费,对网上所售产品进行促销.经调查测算,该促销产品在“双十一”的销售量P万件与促销费用x万元满足P=3﹣(其中0≤x≤a,a为正常数).已知生产该批产品P万件还需投入成本10+2P万元(不含促销费用),产品的销售价格定为元/件,假定厂家的生产能力完全能满足市场的销售需求.(Ⅰ)将该产品的利润y万元表示为促销费用x万元的函数;(Ⅱ)促销费用投入多少万元时,厂家的利润最大?19.(1)设集合P={n|n=3k+1,k∈N},集合Q={n|n=3m﹣2,m∈N},求证:P⊂Q;(2)已知a>0,b>0,c>0,当函数f(x)=|x+a|+|x﹣b|+c的最小值为6时,求证:++≥12.20.(16分)(1)关于x的不等式(a2﹣16)x2﹣(a﹣4)x﹣1≥0的解集为∅,求实数a的取值范围;(2)解关于x的不等式;(3)设(1)中a的整数值构成集合A,(2)中不等式的解集是B,若A∩B中有且只有三个元素,求实数m的取值范围.21.(18分)已知集合A={a1,a2,…,a n}(0≤a1<a2<…<a n,n≥2)具有性质P:对任意的i,j(1≤i≤j≤n),a i+a j与a j﹣a i两数中至少有一个属于A.(1)分别判断数集{0,1,3,4}与{0,2,3,6}是否具有性质P,并说明理由;(2)证明:a1=0,且na n=2(a1+a2+…+a n);(3)当n=5时,若a2=3,求集合A.参考答案一、填空题1.集合M={x∈R|x≤2020},有下列四个式子:①π∈M;②{π}⊆M;③π⊆M;④{π}∈M,其中正确的是①②(填序号).解:因为π≈3.14,所以元素π∈M,集合{π}⊆M,故①②正确,③④错误.故答案为:①②.2.将化为有理数指数幂的形式为.解:∵a>0,∴===.故答案为:.3.陈述句“x>1或y>1”的否定形式是x≤1且y≤1.解:命题为全称命题,则“x>1或y>1”的否定形式为x≤1且y≤1,故答案为:x≤1且y≤1.4.若0<a<1,s<0,则a s>1(填符号“>,≥,<,≤,”).解:∵0<a<1时,函数y=a x为减函数,∴当s<0时,a s>a0=1,故答案为:>.5.已知集合A={x,y},B={2x,2x2},且A=B,则集合A=.解:显然x≠0,由A=B得,解得.故答案为:{,1}.6.已知集合P={x|﹣2≤x≤10},非空集合S={x|1﹣m≤x≤1+m},若x∈P是x∈S的必要条件,则实数m 的取值范围为[0,3].解:∵P={x|﹣2≤x≤10},非空集合S={x|1﹣m≤x≤1+m},若x∈P是x∈S的必要条件,则S⊆P,∴,解得0≤m≤3,∴m的取值范围是[0,3].故答案为:[0,3].7.关于x的不等式|2x﹣a|+a<6的解集是(﹣1,3),则实数a=2.解:∵|2x﹣a|+a<6,∴a﹣6<2x﹣a<6﹣a,即a﹣3<x<3,∵不等式|2x﹣a|+a<6的解集是(﹣1,3),∴a﹣3=﹣1,解得a=2.故答案为:2.8.如果直角三角形的周长为2,则此直角三角形面积的最大值是3﹣2(当且仅当时取等号).解:设直角三角形的两直角边分别为a、b,斜边为c,则直角三角形的面积S=ab.由已知,得a+b+c=2,∴a+b+=2,∴2=a+b+≥2+=(2+),∴≤=2﹣,∴ab≤(2﹣)2=6﹣4,∴S=ab≤3﹣2,当且仅当a=b=2﹣时,S取最大值3﹣2.故答案为:3﹣2(当且仅当时取等号).9.若实数a,b,m满足2a=72b=m,且=2,则m的值为7.解:∵2a=72b=m,∴a=log2m,2b=log7m,∴b===log49m,∴+=2,∴log m2+log m49=2,∴log m98=2,∴m2=98,∴m=7.故答案为:7.10.已知正数x,y满足4x+9y=xy且x+y<m2﹣24m有解,则实数m的取值范围是(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(25,+∞).解:∵正数x,y满足4x+9y=xy,∴+=1,∴x+y=(x+y)(+)=++13≥2+13=25,当且仅当=,即x=15,y=10时取等号,∴x+y的最小值为25,∵x+y<m2﹣24m有解,∴25<m2﹣24m,即m2﹣24m﹣25>0,解得m>25或m<﹣1,∴实数m的取值范围是(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(25,+∞).故答案为:(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(25,+∞).11.不等式(ax+3)(x2﹣b)≤0对x∈(﹣∞,0)恒成立,其中a,b∈Z,则a+b=10或4.解:当b≤0时,由(ax+3)(x2﹣b)≤0对x∈(﹣∞,0)恒成立,可得ax+3<0对x∈(﹣∞,0)恒成立,则a不存在;当b>0时,由(ax+3)(x2﹣b)≤0对x∈(﹣∞,0)恒成立,令f(x)=ax+3,g(x)=x2﹣b,又g(x)的大致图象如图所示,所以,又a,b∈Z,所以或,所以a+b=4或a+b=10.故答案为:4或10.12.已知实数a>b>c,且满足:a+b+c=1,a2+b2+c2=3,则s=b+c的取值范围是.解:∵a+b+c=1,a2+b2+c2=3,∴b+c=1﹣a,bc=[(b+c)2﹣(b2+c2)]=a2﹣a﹣1,∵bc<,∴a2﹣a﹣1<,∴3a2﹣2a﹣5<0,即,∴<1﹣a<2,∴<b+c<2,下面精确a的下限,假设a<1,由a>b>c,由﹣<b<a<1,﹣<c<a<1,所以a2<1,b2<1,c2<1,因此a2+b2+c2<3,矛盾,故a>1,所以b+c=1﹣a<0,综上可得<b+c<0,故答案为:.二、选择题13.已知a1a2b1b2≠0,陈述句P:关于x的一元一次不等式a1x+b1>0与a2x+b2>0有相同的解集;陈述句,则P是Q()A.充分非必要条件B.必要非充分条件C.充要条件D.非充分非必要条件解:∵若=时,如取a1=b1=1,a2=b2=﹣1,关于x的不等式a1x+b1>0与a2x+b2>0即不等式x+1>0与﹣x﹣1>0的解集不相同,∴“=”不能推出“关于x的不等式a1x+b1>0与a2x+b2>0的解集相同”,反之,“关于x的不等式a1x+b1>0与a2x+b2>0的解集相同”⇒“=”,∴P是Q的充分非必要条件.故选:A.14.设lg2=a,lg3=b,则log1225的值是()A.B.C.D.解:由lg2=a,lg3=b,得log1225==.故选:D.15.若a,b为非零实数,则以下不等式中恒成立的个数是()①;②;③;④.A.4B.3C.2D.1解:a,b为非零实数,①∵(a﹣b)2≥0,展开可得;②∵(a﹣b)2≥0,展开可得a2+b2≥2ab,∴2(a2+b2)≥(a+b)2,∴;③取a=b=﹣1,则不成立;④取ab<0,则不成立.综上可得:成立的只有①②.故选:C.16.已知,集合M={x|f(x)=0}={x1,x2,…,x7}⊆Z,且c1≤c2≤c3≤c4,则c4﹣c1不可能的值是()A.4B.9C.16D.64解:∵集合M={x|f(x)=0}={x1,x2,…,x7}⊆Z,则函数f(x)有7个解,且全是整数,又∵x2﹣4x+m=0 中两个解满足x1+x2=4,x1•x2=m,∴可知解为2和2,3和1,4和0,5和﹣1,6和﹣2,7和﹣3,8和﹣4,9和﹣5,10和﹣6,...∴m=4,3,0,﹣5,﹣12,﹣21,﹣32,﹣45,﹣60...∵c1≤c2≤c3≤c4,∴C4=4,则C1=﹣5,或﹣12,或﹣21,或﹣32,或﹣45,或﹣60,...则c4﹣c1不可能的值是4,故选:A.三、解答题17.已知集合A={x|x2﹣3x+2=0},B={x|x2﹣ax+a﹣1=0},C={x|x2+2(m+1)x+m2﹣5=0}.(1)若A∪B=A,求实数a的值;(2)若A∩C=C,求实数m的取值范围.解:(1)由x2﹣3x+2=0得x=1或2,所以A={1,2},由x2﹣ax+a﹣1=0得x=1或a﹣1,所以1∈B,a﹣1∈B,因为A∪B=A,所以B⊆A,所以a﹣1=1或2,所以a=2或3;(2)因为A∩C=C,所以C⊆A,当C=∅时,Δ=4(m+1)2﹣4(m2﹣5)<0,解得m<﹣3,当C={1}时,,无解,当C={2}时,,解得m=﹣3,当C={1,2}时,,无解,综上,实数m的取值范围是(﹣∞,﹣3].18.经过多年的运作,“双十一”抢购活动已经演变成为整个电商行业的大型集体促销盛宴.为迎接2014年“双十一”网购狂欢节,某厂商拟投入适当的广告费,对网上所售产品进行促销.经调查测算,该促销产品在“双十一”的销售量P万件与促销费用x万元满足P=3﹣(其中0≤x≤a,a为正常数).已知生产该批产品P万件还需投入成本10+2P万元(不含促销费用),产品的销售价格定为元/件,假定厂家的生产能力完全能满足市场的销售需求.(Ⅰ)将该产品的利润y万元表示为促销费用x万元的函数;(Ⅱ)促销费用投入多少万元时,厂家的利润最大?解:(Ⅰ)由题意知,,﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣将代入化简得:(0≤x≤a).﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣(Ⅱ)当a≥1时,x∈(0,1)时y'>0,所以函数在(0,1)上单调递增x∈(1,a)时y'<0,所以函数在(1,a)上单调递减促销费用投入1万元时,厂家的利润最大;﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣当a<1时,因为函数在(0,1)上单调递增在[0,a]上单调递增,所以x=a时,函数有最大值.即促销费用投入a万元时,厂家的利润最大.综上,当a≥1时,促销费用投入1万元,厂家的利润最大;当a<1时,促销费用投入a万元,厂家的利润最大﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣(注:当a≥1时,也可:,当且仅当时,上式取等号)19.(1)设集合P={n|n=3k+1,k∈N},集合Q={n|n=3m﹣2,m∈N},求证:P⊂Q;(2)已知a>0,b>0,c>0,当函数f(x)=|x+a|+|x﹣b|+c的最小值为6时,求证:++≥12.【解答】证明:(1)先证P⊆Q,任取n∈P,存在m=k+1∈N,使得n=3k+1=3(k+1)﹣2=3m﹣2∈Q,∵P⊆Q,又∵﹣2∈Q,﹣2∉P,∴P⊂Q,即得证.(2)证明:∵f(x)=|x+a|+|x﹣b|+c≥|(x+a)+(b﹣x)|+c=a+b+c=6,∴=,当且仅当a=b=c=2时取等号,故.20.(16分)(1)关于x的不等式(a2﹣16)x2﹣(a﹣4)x﹣1≥0的解集为∅,求实数a的取值范围;(2)解关于x的不等式;(3)设(1)中a的整数值构成集合A,(2)中不等式的解集是B,若A∩B中有且只有三个元素,求实数m的取值范围.解:(1)当a=4时,﹣1≥0无解,满足题意,当a=﹣4时,8x﹣1≥0有解,舍去,当a≠±4时,解得,综上,实数a的取值范围是;(2)由得,即(x+2)[(m﹣1)x﹣(3m+2)]≥0且x≠﹣2,当m=1时,,解集为x∈(﹣∞,﹣2),当m>1时,,且x≠﹣2,解集为,当m<1时,且x≠﹣2,当0<m<1时,解集为,当m=0时,解集为∅,当m<0时,解集为,综上,当m=1时,解集为x∈(﹣∞,﹣2),当m>1时,解集为,当0<m<1时,解集为,当m=0时,解集为∅,当m<0时,解集为;(3)由(1)得A={﹣2,﹣1,0,1,2,3,4},当A∩B中有且只有三个元素,显然0≤m≤1不可能,当m>1时,因为,不合题意,舍去,当m<0时,,因为A∩B中有且只有三个元素,所以,,解得,综上,实数m的取值范围是.21.(18分)已知集合A={a1,a2,…,a n}(0≤a1<a2<…<a n,n≥2)具有性质P:对任意的i,j(1≤i≤j≤n),a i+a j与a j﹣a i两数中至少有一个属于A.(1)分别判断数集{0,1,3,4}与{0,2,3,6}是否具有性质P,并说明理由;(2)证明:a1=0,且na n=2(a1+a2+…+a n);(3)当n=5时,若a2=3,求集合A.【解答】(1)解:因为0+1,0+3,0+4,1+3,4﹣1,4﹣3都属于数集{0,1,3,4},所以数集{0,1,3,4}具有性质P,因为2+3和3﹣2均不属于数集{0,2,3,6},所以数集{0,2,3,6}不具有性质P;(2)证明:令i=j=n,因为a i+a j与a j﹣a i两数中至少有一个属于A,所以a n+a n不属于A,所以a n﹣a n属于集合A,即0∈A,所以a1=0,令j=n,i>1,因为a i+a j,与a j﹣a i两数中至少有一个属于A,所以a i+a j不属于A,所以a j﹣a i属于集合A,令i=n﹣1,则a n﹣a n﹣1是集合A中的某一项,若a n﹣a n﹣1=a2,符合题意,若a n﹣a n﹣1=a3,则a n﹣a3=a n﹣1,所以a n﹣a2>a n﹣a3=a n﹣1,矛盾,同理a n﹣a n﹣1等于其他项均矛盾,所以a n﹣a n﹣1=a2,同理,令i=n﹣2,n﹣3,⋯,2,可得a n=a i+a n+1﹣i,倒序相加得,即na n=2(a1+a2+a+⋯+a n);(3)解:当n=5时,令j=5,当i≥2时,a i+a5>a5,因为集合A具有性质P,所以a5﹣a i∈A,所以a5﹣a i∈A,i=1,2,3,4,5,所以a5﹣a1>a5﹣a2>a5﹣a3>a5﹣a4>a5﹣a5=0,所以a5﹣a1=a5,a5﹣a2=a4,a5﹣a3=a3,所以a2+a4=a5,a5=2a3,所以a2+a4=2a3,即0<a4﹣a3=a3﹣a2<a3,又因为a3+a4>a2+a4=a5,所以a3+a4∉A,所以a4﹣a3∈A,所以a4﹣a3=a2=a2﹣a1,所以a5﹣a4=a2=a2﹣a1,所以a5﹣a4=a4﹣a3=a3﹣a2=a2﹣a1=a2,即a1,a2,a3,a4,a5是首项为0,公差为a2=3的等差数列,所以A={0,3,6,9,12}.。

上海市浦东新区2022届高三上学期期中考试数学试卷 Word版含答案

上海市浦东新区2022届高三上学期期中考试数学试卷 Word版含答案

上海市浦东新区2021-2022学年第一学期高三数学期中质量检测试卷 (满分: 150分答题时间:120分钟)一、填空题(本大题共有12道小题,请把正确答案直接填写在答题纸规定的地方,其中1--6每小题4分,7—12每小题5分,共54分).1.幂函数经过点22,2⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝,则此幂函数的解析式为.2.若集合}012|{>+=x x A ,}2|1||{<-=x x B ,则=B A .3. 设()1f x -为函数()21x f x x =+的反函数,则()12f -=_____.4.不等式102xx ->+的解集是.5.在一个圆周上有10个点,任取3个点作为顶点作三角形,一共可以作__________个三角形(用数字作答).6.已知球半径为2,球面上A 、B 两点的球面距离为32π,则线段AB 的长度为________.7.若x y ∈+R ,,且14=+y x ,则x y ⋅的最大值是.8.在五个数字12345,,,,中,若随机取出三个数字,则剩下两个数字都是奇数的概率是(结果用数值表示).3.09.若函数()()(2)f x x a bx a =++(常数a b ∈R ,)是偶函数,且它的值域为(]4-∞,,则该函数的解析式()f x =.10.已知总体的各个体的值由小到大依次为2,3,3,7,a ,b ,12,13.7,18.3,20,且总体的中位数为10.5.若要使该总体的方差最小,则a 、b 的取值分别 .11.已知命题2430m m α-+≤:,命题2680m m β-+<:.若αβ、中有且只有一个是真命题,则实数m 的取值范围是________.12.如图所示,在正方体ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1中,M 、N 分别是棱AB 、CC 1的中点,△MB 1P 的顶点P 在棱CC 1与棱C 1D 1上运动.有以下四个命题: ①平面MB 1P ⊥ND 1;②平面MB 1P ⊥平面ND 1A 1;③△MB 1P 在底面ABCD 上的射影图形的面积为定值; ④△MB 1P 在侧面D 1C 1CD 上的射影图形是三角形.其中正确命题的序号是二.选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题,每题有且只有一个正确答案。

上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷

上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷

上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension(25 分)Section A – Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a gym. B. In a shoe-repair shop.C. In a department store.D. At a track.2. A. $200. B. $400.C. $250.D. $500.3. A. Take classes. B. Find a job.C. Learn more.D. Get ready for the next term.4. A. To leave her a message with her roommate. B. To solve a problem in his homework.C. To talk with her roommate.D. To ask about his homework.5. A. He likes physics. B. His physics is the best in the class.C. He is working hard at physics.D. His physics is very poor in the class.6. A. A sportsman. B. A doctor.C. A news reporter.D. A game designer.7. A. Unforgettable. B. Impressive.C. Pleasant.D. Disappointing.8. A. Coins and banknotes. B. Weights and measures.C. Shapes and areas.D. Volumes and sizes.9. A. It’s too crowded and he can’t breathe very well. B. The next stop is the terminal station.C. The next stop is their stop.D. A lot of people get off at the next stop.10. A. The Parking places are very far away. B. He had no problem finding the park.C. There is enough parking space.D. He isn’t very good at parking the car.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The driver took the wrong route. B. He missed his flight.C. He failed to get to the airport.D. His taxi got stuck in a traffic jam.12. A. One of the wings caught fire. B. The plane encountered a strong storm.C. There was something wrong with the engine.D. The hijacker forced the captain to do so.13. A. He had forgotten to lock his front door. B. He had lost his keys to the front door.C. He had left his luggage in the taxi.D. He had picked up the wrong suitcase.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Women now want to be car repairwomen instead of teachers.B. Women tend to do jobs that are traditionally intended for men.C. More girls are choosing fixed jobs in Scotland.D. British women choose non-traditional jobs more than women in other countries.15. A. Because women see many job opportunities on TV.B. Because women feel car repairing is cool on TV.C. Because women are influenced by their stars on TV.D. Because women are told about job choices by career officers on TV.16. A. Britain needs more women to do non-traditional jobs.B. The media should call for women to do non-traditional jobs.C. British women have taken up too many traditional jobs for men.D. The change in men’s attitudes is not important for women job choices.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. For ten years. B. For nine years. C. For eight years. D. For one year.18. A. She is more concentrated on her career. B. She is not sure about the marriage.C. She’s holding hatred against Frank.D. She’s not comfortable with children around.19. A. Keeping persuading Claire. B. Give up and compromise.C. Fight harder with Claire.D. Give Claire some time.20. A. They have just been to Hawaii for a holiday.B. They cannot reach an agreement on having a baby.C. They are planning to get a divorce.D. They are trying to overcome career crisis.Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary(20 分)Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneu(r创业者). She won the2015Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence,21recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems—the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causing excitementinternationally 22 their creation.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype(原型)for a flashlight 23 (power) by the heat of one’s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski’s goal was 24 (o ffer)a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.“I’m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school 25 she couldn’t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,”Makosinski explained.“I’ve always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don’t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?”The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles(珀耳贴贴片)that produce energy when one side 26 (heat)and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED lightfor 20 minutes, 27 (use)only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators?“S tart now. There 28 be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think‘Oh, I’m a student. I just need to study.’ 29 may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do 30 you want. Just go ahead.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. potentiallyB. filmedC. droppedD. commonlyE. treatsF. sympathyG. sensitive H. eyebrow I. domesticated J. selection K. confidentPuppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of HumansDogs make puppy dog eyes for the benefit of humans and rarely use the pleasing facial expression when on their own, a new study has shown.It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent on emotional state rather than a way to communicate.But scientists at the University’s Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which the 31 is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, was foundto be the most 32 used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether the dogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites 33 a nd affection in humans.Dog cognition expert Dr Juliane Kaminski: “We can now be 34 that the production of facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are notjust a result of dogs being excited.”“In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeing food 35 did not have the same effect.”“The findings appear to support evidence dogs are 36 to humans’ attention and that expressions are 37 active attempts to communicate, not simple emotional displays.” The researchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a metre away from a person, and the dogs’ faces were 38 throughout a rangeof exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted and with her body turned away from the dog.facial They found that when a human was not watching the animal,they39 expressions.Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs’ expressions have evolved as they were 40 . “Domestic dogs have a unique history –they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years and during that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogs’ability to communicate with us, ”she said.Ⅲ. Reading comprehension(45 分)Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coppers.I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being 41 with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one.I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle, but 42 all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the43 I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my folly that I cried with vexation( 烦恼). Thinking about the matter gave me more44 than the whistle gave me pleasure.45 , this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so that often, when I was 46 to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Don’t give too muchfor the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and 47 the actionsof men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle.”If I knew a miser(守财奴)who 48 every kind of comfortable living, all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship,___49__gathering and keeping wealth--- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear for your whistle.”When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but_____devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health, “ Mistaken man, you are providing51 for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying too dear for your whistle.” If I saw someone fond of 52 who has fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all above his 53 , and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. “Alas,” said I, “he has paid dear, very dear, for his whistle.” 54 , the miseries of mankind are largely due to their puffing a(n) 55 value on things --- to giving “too much for their whistle.”41. A. faced B. charmed C. sympathized D. provided42. A. disturbing B. attracting C. entertaining D. confusing43. A. trouble B. attempt C. choice D. bargain44. A. satisfaction B. relief C. annoyance D. stress45. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Indeed46. A. tempted B. determined C. forced D. persuaded47. A. took B. observed C. admired D. followed48. A. turned against B. gave up C. cared about D. relied on49. A. in case of B. instead of C. for the sake of D. in terms of50. A. merely B. similarly C. strangely D. positively51. A. inconvenience B. burden C. frustration D. pain52. A. appearance B. wealth C. comforts D. necessities53. A. demand B. fortune C. standard D. value54. A. As a result B. By contrast C. On average D. In short55. A. unexpected B. great C. false D. extraSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen($2.8).56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder ”in the second paragraph?A. mistakeB. showC. mixtureD. brand57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee?A. A woman bearing a baby.B. A student having trouble with sleep.C. A cleaner working on a day shift.D. A young lady sick of garlic.58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee?A. It is caffeine-free.B. Garlic powder dissolves in water.C.The burnt garlic creates bitterness.D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish.59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A. venturous and greedyB. innovative and perseverantC. hardworking and cautiousD. observant and helpful(B)How an advertisement is put togetherWhen you read an advertisement there are many factors you should consider, including: target audiencebrand namessloganspictures and colourspecial offers/couponsemotive/persuasive vocabularyTarget audienceAdvertisers aim particular products at different groups of people according to age, sex, social class and interests. They will often make assumptions about people and label or stereotype them.Who do you think these products would be aimed at: nappies, diamonds, mint chocolates, sports cars?What kind of products would be aimed at these people: teenagers, 25-year-old single men, 40-year-old working mums?Brand namesBrand names are chosen carefully. They can suggest particular lifestyles, values or interests and are intended to appeal to the target audience.Nissan Primera: this suggests quality. Primera is similar to premium and premier.Ford Ka: the spelling of Ka suggests novelty and simplicity. It is modern and futuristic. It is also bound to stick in your mind when you are looking for a new car!SlogansA slogan has to be catchy and memorable. Slogans use a range of devices: alliteration, repetition, puns, questions, personal pronouns and humour.Have a break. Have a Kit Kat. RepetitionThe totally tropical taste. AlliterationPicture and colourAll pictures try to make you feel something and most are biased, even photographs. They create aview of what the world is like using different tricks such as lighting and colour.Different colours have different associations that can be linked to particular products.Yellow: freshness, sunlight, lemons. This colour would be good for advertising washing up liquid. Green: countryside, natural, healthy. What would you use this colour for ?What do you associate these colours with: red, black, orange, gold, blue?Special offers/couponsAdvertisers often appear to offer something for nothing’: if you buy one product you will receive another one free or half price. These offers are incentive to try a new product or to encourage loyalty to an existing one.Emotive/persuasive vocabularyIn advertising you will find lots of words and phrases that are intended to persuade you or appeal to your emotions.mouthwatering silky free chocolateromantic creamy luxurious like mum used to make60. What color is suitable for dishwashing liquid?A. Green.B. Red.C. Orange.D. Yellow.61. Which of the following slogans applies the device alliteration?A. Mosquito Bye Bye Bye.(RADAR)B. We do, we said.(HENNESSY)C. M&Ms melt in your mouth(M&Ms)D. Start ahead.(RLJOICE)62. According to the passage, to reta.n the regular customers, advertising companies tend to.A. impress them with colorful picturesB. use promotional strategiesC. change slogans frequentlyD. create eye-catching brand names(C)Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to find out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs of identical twins, all agedbetween five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci(the clefts betweenteeth and gums, in which bacteria collect)to find out what was there. The children also had their teethscored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel(a tooth’s hard, outer layer); or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and allected the underlying dentine as well.Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the only approach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines(肠道), so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.63. What doe s“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?A. Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.B. Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.C. Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.D. Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavites.64. Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out .A. whether genes have anything to do with dental decayB. which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teethC. what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decayD. why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth65. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?A. Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.B. The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.C. The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.D.Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.B. What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.C. Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.D. Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.Section CDirections: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable statement from A-F for each Blank. There are two extra statements, which you do not need.A. Reality has begun to catch up with the imagination of the film’s writer.B. Nanotechnology is one of the most exciting fields of research in the world today.C.When this becomes possible, great changes will take place in numerous fields.D. Small as they are, large quantities of them can make a difference and work wonders.E.Nanotechnology is also responsible for tremendous advances in many other fields.F. They carry medicine with them as they travel though the body, seeking our cancer cells.Nanotechnology Grows FastThanks to advances in technology, the science fiction of the past has become the“science fact”o f today, like the 1966 sci-fi Fantastic V oyag(e《神奇旅程》). In the film, a man with very important knowledge was dying. The only way to save him was by using experimental miniaturization technology. A number of scientists were shrunk to a tiny size and injected into the man’s body to locate the source of the problem and save him.67Over the past several decades, the science of nanotechnology has been developing rapidly, and, just as in the film, it involves working with objects of a very small size.Something very similar to the medial procedure seen in Fantastic Voyage is already being used to help save lives today. Tiny crystals known as“quanturn dots(量子点)”,whose diametersare one thousandth of a human hair, are injected into the body of a cancer patient. 68 Upon finding a tumor, these quantum dots release their medicine, and then light themselves up tso that doctors can see exactly where the cancer cells are.69 We may soon find our everyday lives being affected by it. Are you tired of having to charge the batteries in your mobile devices? Soon, you don’t need to. Scientists are working on solar-cell vests that will absorb energy from the sun as you walk around and provide power for your devices.Eric Drexler, an author and scientist, believes that nanotechnology will lead to a new kind of manufacturing, one in which products are assembled atom by atom. By rearranging atoms, you can turn one kind of molecule into another. For example, a wood molecule can be transformed into a metal molecule. If this is done many times according to a design, a large object such as an ax might eventually be created, just by rearranging atoms. 70 .Although we have already seen its first practical applications, even more dramatic advances will be made in the future.Ⅳ. Surmmary Writing(10 分)Directions:R ead the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.(280 words)第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ. Translation(15 分)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 为了安全起见,小孩不应该被单独留在家里。

二项式定理(1)

二项式定理(1)

x 二项式定理1.【来源】浙江省 2017 届高三“超级全能生”3 月联考数学试题 在二项式(2x - 1)6的展开式中,常数项是( C )xA .-240B .240C .-160D .160答案及解析:2.【来源】安徽省黄山市 2019 届高三第一次质量检测(一模)数学(理)试题在(1+x )6(1-2x )展开式中,含 x 5 的项的系数是( D ) A. 36B. 24C. -36D. -243.【来源】新疆维吾尔自治区 2018 届高三第二次适应性(模拟)检测数学(理)试题若⎛ 2 1 ⎫n- x ⎪ 展开式中含 x 项的系数为-80,则 n 等于( A )⎝ ⎭A .5B .6 C.7 D .84.【来源】浙江省金丽衢十二校联考 2017 届高考二模数学试题在(1+x 3)(1﹣x )8 的展开式中,x 5 的系数是( A ) A .﹣28B .﹣84C .28D .84答案及解析:【考点】二项式定理的应用.【分析】利用二项式定理的通项公式求解即可.【解答】解:由(1+x 3)展开可知含有 x 3 与(1﹣x )8 展开的 x 2 可得 x 5 的系数; 由(1+x 3)展开可知常数项与(1﹣x )8 展开的 x 5,同样可得 x 5 的系数; ∴含 x 5 的项+=28x 5﹣56x 5=﹣28x 5;∴x 5 的系数为﹣28, 故选 A【点评】本题主要考查二项式定理的应用,求展开式的系数把含有 x 5 的项找到.从而可以利用通项求解.属于中档题5.【来源】北京东城景山学校 2016-2017 学年高二下学期期中考试数学(理)试题设(3x -1)4 = a + a x + a x 2 + a x 3 + a x 4 ,则 a + a + a + a的值为( A ).12341234A .15B .16C .1D .-15答案及解析: 在(3x -1)4= a + a x + a x 2 + a x 3 + a x 4 中,令 x = 0 ,可得 a = 1 ,1234再令 x = 1可得 a 0 + a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + a 4 = 16 , 所以 a 1 + a 2 + a 3 + a 4 = 15 .n 7 7 7 故选 A .6.【来源】北京西城八中少年班 2016-2017 学年高一下学期期末考试数学试题在(x + y )n的展开式中,若第七项系数最大,则 n 的值可能等于( D ).A .13,14B .14,15C .12,13D .11,12,13答案及解析:(x + y )n 的展开式第七项系数为 C 6 ,且最大,可知此为展开式中间项,当展开式为奇数项时: n= 6 , n = 12 ,2当有偶数项时 n + 1= 6 , n = 11, 2 或 n + 1 = 7 , n = 13 ,2故 n = 11,12 ,13 . 选 D .7.【来源】广东省广州市海珠区 2018 届高三综合测试(一)数学(理)试题(x + y )(2x - y )6 的展开式中 x 4 y 3 的系数为( D )A .-80B .-40C. 40D .808.【来源】广东省潮州市 2017 届高三数学二模试卷数学(理)试题 在(1﹣2x )7(1+x )的展开式中,含 x 2 项的系数为( B ) A .71 B .70 C .21 D .49答案及解析:【分析】先将问题转化为二项式(1﹣2x )7 的系数问题,利用二项展开式的通项公式求出展开式的第 r+1 项,令 x 的指数分别等于 1,2 求出特定项的系数【解答】解:(1﹣2x )7(1+x )的展开式中 x 2 的系数等于(1﹣2x )7 展开式的 x 的系数+(1﹣2x )7 展开式的 x 2 的系数,(x+1)7 展开式的通项为 T r+1=(﹣2)r C r x r ,故展开式中 x 2 的系数是(﹣2)2C 2+(﹣2)•C 1=84﹣14=60,故选:B .9.【来源】浙江省新高考研究联盟 2017 届第四次联考数学试题 在二项式(x 2- 1)5 的展开式中,含 x 7的项的系数是( C )xA . -10B. 10C. -5D. 510.【来源】辽宁省重点高中协作校 2016-2017 学年高二下学期期末考试数学(理)试题 已知(1 + x )n的展开式中只有第 6 项的二项式系数最大,则展开式奇数项的二项式系数和为( D ) A .212B .211C.210D .2911.【来源】上海市浦东新区 2018 届高三上学期期中考试数学试卷展开式中的常数项为( C )x -A.-1320B.1320C.-220D.22012.【来源】浙江省绍兴一中2017 届高三上学期期末数学试题在(x﹣y)10 的展开式中,系数最小的项是(C )A.第4 项B.第5 项C.第6 项D.第7 项答案及解析:【考点】二项式定理的应用.【分析】由二项展开式可得出系数最小的项系数一定为负,再结合组合数的性质即可判断出系数最小的项.【解答】解:展开式共有11 项,奇数项为正,偶数项为负,且第6 项的二项式系数最大,则展开式中系数最小的项第 6项.故选C.13.【来源】浙江省金华十校联考2017 届高三上学期期末数学试题在(1﹣x)n=a0+a1x+a2x2+a3x3+…+a n x n中,若2a2+a n﹣5=0,则自然数n的值是(B)A.7 B.8 C.9 D.10答案及解析:【考点】二项式定理的应用.【分析】由二项展开式的通项公式T r+1=•(﹣1)r x r可得a r=(﹣1)r•,于是有2(﹣1)2+(﹣1)n﹣5=0,由此可解得自然数n 的值.【解答】解:由题意得,该二项展开式的通项公式•(﹣1)r x r,∴该项的系数,∵2a2+a n﹣5=0,∴2(﹣1)2+(﹣1)n﹣5=0,即+(﹣1)n﹣5•=0,∴n﹣5 为奇数,∴2==,∴2×=,∴(n﹣2)(n﹣3)(n﹣4)=120.∴n=8.故答案为:8.14.【来源】浙江省重点中学2019 届高三上学期期末热身联考数学试题⎛ 2 ⎫5 1⎪1展开式中,x2的系数是( B )⎝⎭A、80B、-80C、40D、-4015.【来源】山东省德州市2016-2017 学年高二下学期期末考试数学(理)试题a 2 4如果x + x - 的展开式中各项系数之和为2,则展开式中x 的系数是( C ) x xA.8 B.-8 C.16 D.-1616.【来源】云南省昆明市第一中学2018 届高三第八次月考数学(理)试题x x2 ⎪ ⎛1- 1 ⎫ (1+ x )6x 3⎝ ⎭ 展开式中 x 的系数为(B )A .-14B .14C. 15D .3017.【来源】安徽省安庆一中、山西省太原五中等五省六校(K12 联盟)2018 届高三上学期期末联考数学(理)试题在二项式(x - 1)n 的展开式中恰好第 5 项的二项式系数最大,则展开式中含有 x 2项的系数是( C )xA .35B .-35C .-56D .56答案及解析:第五项的二项式系数最大,则,通项,令,故系数.18.【来源】辽宁省实验中学、沈阳市东北育才学校等五校 2016-2017 学年高二下学期期末联考数学(理)试题 在( - 2)n 的展开式中,各项的二项式系数之和为 64,则展开式中常数项为( A )xA .60B .45C . 30D .1519.【来源】湖北省武汉市 2018 届高三四月调研测试数学理试题 在(x + 1-1)6 的展开式中,含 x 5项的系数为( B )xA .6B .-6C .24D .-24答案及解析:的展开式的通项 .的展开式的通项=. 由 6﹣r ﹣2s=5,得 r+2s=1,∵r ,s ∈N ,∴r=1,s=0. ∴的展开式中,含 x 5 项的系数为 . 故选:B .20.【来源】辽宁省抚顺市 2018 届高三 3 月高考模拟考试数学(理)试题在(2 -1)6 的展开式中,含 1项的系数为( C )xA. -60B. 160C. 60D. 6421.【来源】2018 年高考真题——数学理(全国卷Ⅲ)(x 2+ 2)5 的展开式中 x 4 的系数为( C )xA .10B .20C .40D .80答案及解析:由题可得 令 ,则所以x2× 4x9 n故选 C.22.【来源】浙江省金华市十校联考 2016-2017 学年高二下学期期末数学试卷在(x 2﹣4)5 的展开式中,含 x 6 的项的系数为( D ) A .20 B .40 C .80 D .160答案及解析:【分析】=(﹣4)r,令 10﹣2r=6,解得 r=2,由此能求出含 x 6 的项的系数.【解答】解:∵(x 2﹣4)5, ∴T r+1==(﹣4)r,令 10﹣2r=6,解得 r=2, ∴含 x 6 的项的系数为=160. 故选:D .23.【来源】浙江省诸暨市牌头中学 2018 届高三 1 月月考数学试题 在⎛x 2 - ⎝2 ⎫6的展开式中,常数项为( D )⎪⎭ A .-240 B .-60 C .60 D .24024.【来源】浙江省湖州市 2017 届高三上学期期末数学试题在(1﹣x )5+(1﹣x )6+(1﹣x )7+(1﹣x )8 的展开式中,含 x 3 的项的系数是( D ) A .121 B .﹣74C .74D .﹣121答案及解析:【考点】二项式定理的应用.【分析】利用等比数列的前 n 项公式化简代数式;利用二项展开式的通项公式求出含 x 4 的项的系数,即是代数式的含 x 3 的项的系数.【解答】解:(1﹣x )5+(1﹣x )6+(1﹣x )7+(1﹣x )8 ==,(1﹣x )5 中 x 4 的系数 ,﹣(1﹣x )9 中 x 4 的系数为﹣C 4=﹣126,﹣126+5=﹣121. 故选:D25.【来源】甘肃省兰州市第一中学 2018 届高三上学期期中考试数学(理)试题在(x 2-1)(x +1)4 的展开式中,x 3 的系数是( A ) A .0B .10C .-10D .20答案及解析:(x +1)4 的展开式的通项, 因此在(x 2-1)(x +1)4 的展开式中,x 3 的系数是26.【来源】山西重点中学协作体 2017 届高三暑期联考数学(理)试题在二项式 + 1的展开式中,前三项的系数成等差数列,把展开式中所有的项重新排成一列,有理项都互 x xx 1 ⎝ ⎭不相邻的概率为( D ) A . 16B . 14C. 1 3D . 51227.【来源】湖北省孝感市八校 2017-2018 学年高二上学期期末考试数学(理)试题已知C 0- 4C 1+ 42C 2- 43C 3+ + (-1)n 4nC n= 729 ,则C 1+ C 2+ + C n的值等于( C )nnnnnA .64B .32 C.63 D .31答案及解析:nnn因为 ,所因,选 C. 28.【来源】辽宁省重点高中协作校 2016-2017 学年高二下学期期末考试数学(理)试题若òn(2x -1)dx = 6 ,则二项式(1 - 2x )n的展开式各项系数和为( A ) A .-1 B .26 C .1 D . 2n29.【来源】浙江省金华十校 2017 届高三数学模拟试卷(4 月份)数学试题若(x -1)8=1+a 1x +a 2x 2+…+a 8x 8,则 a 5=( B ) A .56B .﹣56C .35D .﹣35答案及解析:利用通项公式即可得出. 解:通项公式 T r+1=(﹣1)8﹣r x r ,令 r=5,则(﹣1)3=﹣56.故选:B .30.【来源】广东省茂名市五大联盟学校 2018 届高三 3 月联考数学(理)试题6⎛ 1 ⎫ x 4在( + x ) 1+ y ⎪ 的展开式中, y 2 项的系数为( C )A .200B .180 C. 150 D .120答案及解析:展开式的通项公式,令可得:,,展开式的通项公式 ,令可得,据此可得: 项的系数为 .本题选择 C 选项.31.【来源】吉林省长春外国语学校 2019 届高三上学期期末考试数学(理)试题 (2-x )(1+2x )5 展开式中,含 x 2 项的系数为( B )x x 0 1 2 2017 3n nx A . 30 B . 70 C .90 D .-15032.【来源】浙江省新高考研究联盟 2017 届第三次联考数学试题若(1 + x )3 + (1 + x )4 + (1 + x )5 + + (1 + x )2017 = a + a x + a x 2 + + a x 2017 ,则 a 的值为( D )3 2017 32018 420174201833.【来源】广东省肇庆市 2017 届高考二模数学(理)试题若(x 6+ 1 )n的展开式中含有常数项,则 n 的最小值等于( C )A .3B .4C .5D .6答案及解析:【分析】二项式的通项公式 T r+1=C )r ,对其进行整理,令 x 的指数为 0,建立方程求出 n 的最小值.【解答】解:由题意 )n 的展开式的项为)r =C n r=C r令r=0,得 r ,当 r=4 时,n 取到最小值 5故选:C .【点评】本题考查二项式的性质,解题的关键是熟练掌握二项式的项,且能根据指数的形式及题设中有常数的条 件转化成指数为 0,得到 n 的表达式,推测出它的值.34.【来源】上海市金山中学 2017-2018 学年高二下学期期中考试数学试题 设(3x -1)6= a x 6+ a x 5+ + a x + a ,则| a | + | a | + | a | + + | a| 的值为…( B )651126(A) 26(B) 46(C) 56(D) 26+ 4635.【来源】浙江省台州市 2016-2017 学年高二下学期期末数学试题x -已知在( 2 1 )n的展开式中,第 6 项为常数项,则 n =( D )A .9B .8C .7D .6答案及解析:【考点】二项式系数的性质. 【分析】利用通项公式即可得出. 【解答】解:∵第 6 项为常数项,由 =﹣ •x n ﹣6,可得 n ﹣6=0.解得 n=6. 故选:D .36.【来源】山东省潍坊寿光市 2016-2017 学年高二下学期期末考试数学(理)试题⎛ 1 ⎫6+ 2x ⎪ ⎝ ⎭的展开式中常数项为( B ) A .120B .160C. 200D .24037.【来源】北京西城八中少年班 2016-2017 学年高一下学期期末考试数学试题 (2x + 3)4 = a + a x + a x 2 + a x 3 + a x 4(a + a + a )2 - (a + a )2若0 1 2 3 4,则 0 2 41 3 的值为( A ). 5 x A . C B . C C . C D . Cx x A .1 B .-1 C .0 D .2答案及解析:令 x = 1, a + a + + a = (2 + 3)4 ,1 4令 x = -1, a - a + a - a + a= (-2 + 3)4 ,1234而 (a + a + a )2 - (a + a )22413= (a 0 + a 2 + a 4 + a 1 + a 3 )(a 0 - a 1 + a 2 - a 3 + a 4 )= (2 + 选 A .3)4 (-2 + 3)4 = (3 - 4)4 = 1. 38.【来源】云南省曲靖市第一中学 2018 届高三 4 月高考复习质量监测卷(七)数学(理)试题设 i 是虚数单位,a 是(x + i )6的展开式的各项系数和,则 a 的共轭复数 a 的值是( B ) A . -8iB . 8iC . 8D .-8答案及解析:由题意,不妨令 ,则,将转化为三角函数形式,,由复数三角形式的乘方法则,,则,故正确答案为 B.39.【来源】福建省三明市 2016-2017 学年高二下学期普通高中期末数学(理)试题 a 2 52x + x - 的展开式中各项系数的和为-1,则该展开式中常数项为( A ) x xA .-200B .-120 C.120 D .20040.【来源】甘肃省天水一中 2018 届高三上学期第四次阶段(期末)数学(理)试题已知(1+ax )(1+x )5 的展开式中 x 2 的系数为 5,则 a =( D )A.-4B.-3C.-2D.-141.【来源】广东省深圳市宝安区 2018 届高三 9 月调研测数学(理)试题(1 + 1)(1 + x )5 展开式中 x 2 的系数为 ( A )xA .20B .15C .6D .142.【来源】甘肃省民乐一中、张掖二中 2019 届高三上学期第一次调研考试(12 月)数学(理)试题⎛ a ⎫ ⎛1 ⎫5x + ⎪ 2x - ⎪ ⎝ ⎭ ⎝⎭ 的展开式中各项系数的和为 2,则该展开式中常数项为( D )A .-40B .-20C .20D .4043.【来源】浙江省名校协作体 2018 届高三上学期考试数学试题⎛ 1+ 2⎫(1- x )4 展开式中 x 2 的系数为( C ) x ⎪ ⎝ ⎭A .16B .12C .8D .444.【来源】山西省太原市 2018 届高三第三次模拟考试数学(理)试题已知(x -1)(ax +1)6展开式中 x 2 的系数为 0,则正实数a = ( B ) 22 A .1B .C.53D . 2x 4 5 5 答案及解析:的展开式的通项公式为.令 得 ;令得.展开式 为. 由题意知,解得(舍).故选 B. 45.【来源】吉林省松原市实验高级中学、长春市第十一高中、东北师范大学附属中学 2016 届高三下学期三校联合模拟考试数学(理)试题(x +1)2 (x - 2)4的展开式中含 x 3 项的系数为( D )A .16B .40 C.-40 D .846.【来源】海南省天一大联考 2018 届高三毕业班阶段性测试(三)数学(理)试题若(2x - 3)2018= a + a x + a x 2 + L + ax 2018 ,则 a + 2a + 3a + L + 2018a= ( D )122018A .4036B .2018C .-2018D .-4036123201847.【来源】湖北省天门、仙桃、潜江 2018 届高三上学期期末联考数学(理)试题(1 + x )8 (1 + y )4 的展开式中 x 2y 2 的系数是 ( D )A .56B .84C .112D .168答案及解析:因的展开式 的系数 ,的展开式 的系数 ,所的系数.故选 D.48.【来源】北京西城八中 2016-2017 学年高一下学期期末考试数学试题 ⎛ x 2 - 在二项式⎝ 1 ⎫5⎪⎭ 的展开式中,含 x 的项的系数是( C ). A .-10B .-5C .10D .5答案及解析:解: ⎛ x 2 - 1 ⎫5⎪ 的展开项T = C k (x 2 )k (-x -1 )5-k = (-1)5-k C k x 3k -5 ,令3k - 5 = 4 ,可得 k = 3, ⎝x ⎭ k +1 5 5∴ (-1)5-k C k = (-1)5-3 C 3= 10 . 故选 C .49.【来源】广东省化州市 2019 届高三上学期第二次模拟考生数学(理)试题 已知(x +1)(ax - 1)5的展开式中常数项为-40,则 a 的值为( C )xA. 2B. -2C. ±2D. 450.【来源】福建省“华安一中、长泰一中、南靖一中、平和一中”四校联考 2017-2018 学年高二下学期第二次联考试题(5 月)数学(理)试题若(1 - 2 x )n(n ∈ N *) 的展开式中 x 4的系数为 80,则(1 - 2 x )n的展开式中各项系数的绝对值之和为( C ) A .32B .81C .243D .256。

上海中学2017-2018学年高一下学期期末数学试卷 Word版含解析

上海中学2017-2018学年高一下学期期末数学试卷 Word版含解析

2017-2018学年上海中学高一(下)期末数学试卷一、填空题1.arcsin(﹣)+arccos(﹣)+arctan(﹣)=.2.=.3.若数列{a n}为等差数列.且满足a2+a4+a7+a11=44,则a3+a5+a10=.=(n≥1),则a2016=.4.设数列{a n}满足:a1=,a n+15.已知数列{a n}满足:a n=n•3n(n∈N*),则此数列前n项和为S n=.=9•(n≥1),则a n=.6.已知数列{a n}满足:a1=3,a n+17.等差数列{a n},{b n}的前n项和分别为S n,T n,若=,则=.8.等比数列{a n},a1=3﹣5,前8项的几何平均为9,则a3=.9.定义在R上的函数f(x)=,S n=f()+f()+…+f(),n=2,3,…,则S n=.10.设x1,x2是方程x2﹣xsin+cos=0的两个根,则arctanx1+arctanx2的值为.11.已知数列{a n}的前n项和为S n,a n=,则S2016=.12.设正数数列{a n}的前n项和为b n,数列{b n}的前n项之积为c n,且b n+c n=1,则数列{}的前n项和S n中大于2016的最小项为第项.二、选择题.13.用数学归纳法证明“(n+1)(n+2)•…•(n+n)=2n•1•3•…•(2n﹣1)”,当“n从k到k+1”左端需增乘的代数式为()A.2k+1 B.2(2k+1)C.D.14.一个三角形的三边成等比数列,则公比q的范围是()A.q>B.q<C.<q<D.q<或q>15.等差数列{a n }中,a 5<0,且a 6>0,且a 6>|a 5|,S n 是其前n 项和,则下列判断正确的是( )A .S 1,S 2,S 3均小于0,S 4,S 5,S 6,…均大于0B .S 1,S 2,…,S 5均小于0,S 6,S 7,…均大于0C .S 1,S 2,…S 9均小于0,S 10,S 11,…均大于0D .S 1,S 2,…,S 11均小于0,S 12,S 13,…均大于016.若数列{a n }的通项公式是a n =,n=1,2,…,则(a 1+a 2+…+a n )等于( )A .B .C .D .17.已知=1,那么(sin θ+2)2(cos θ+1)的值为( ) A .9B .8C .12D .不确定18.已知f (n )=(2n +7)•3n +9,存在自然数m ,使得对任意n ∈N *,都能使m 整除f (n ),则最大的m 的值为( ) A .30 B .26 C .36 D .6三、解答题.19.用数学归纳法证明:12+22+32+…+(n ﹣1)2+n 2+(n ﹣1)2+…+32+22+12=n (2n 2+1) 20.已知数列{a n }满足a 1=1,其前n 项和是S n 对任意正整数n ,S n =n 2a n ,求此数列的通项公式.21.已知方程cos2x +sin2x=k +1.(1)k 为何值时,方程在区间[0,]内有两个相异的解α,β;(2)当方程在区间[0,]内有两个相异的解α,β时,求α+β的值.22.设数列{a n }满足a 1=2,a 2=6,a n +2=2a n +1﹣a n +2(n ∈N*). (1)证明:数列{a n +1﹣a n }是等差数列;(2)求:++…+.23.数列{a n },{b n }满足,且a 1=2,b 1=4.(1)证明:{a n +1﹣2a n }为等比数列; (2)求{a n },{b n }的通项.24.已知数列{a n }是等比数列,且a 2=4,a 5=32,数列{b n }满足:对于任意n ∈N*,有a 1b 1+a 2b 2+…+a n b n =(n ﹣1)•2n +1+2. (1)求数列{a n }的通项公式;(2)若数列{d n }满足:d 1=6,d n •d n +1=6a •(﹣)(a >0),设T n =d 1d 2d 3…d n (n ∈N*),当且仅当n=8时,T n 取得最大值,求a 的取值范围.2015-2016学年上海中学高一(下)期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题1.arcsin(﹣)+arccos(﹣)+arctan(﹣)=.【考点】反三角函数的运用.【分析】利用反三角函数的定义和性质,求得要求式子的值.【解答】解:arcsin(﹣)+arccos(﹣)+arctan(﹣)=﹣arcsin()+π﹣arccos﹣arctan=﹣+(π﹣)﹣=,故答案为:.2.=5.【考点】数列的极限.【分析】利用数列的极限的运算法则化简求解即可.【解答】解:====5.故答案为:5.3.若数列{a n}为等差数列.且满足a2+a4+a7+a11=44,则a3+a5+a10=33.【考点】等差数列的性质.【分析】利用等差数列的通项公式即可得出.【解答】解:设等差数列{a n}的公差为d,∵a2+a4+a7+a11=44=4a1+20d,∴a1+5d=11.则a3+a5+a10=3a1+15d=3(a1+5d)=33.故答案为:33.4.设数列{a n}满足:a1=,a n+1=(n≥1),则a2016=2.【考点】数列递推式.【分析】通过计算出前几项的值确定周期,进而计算可得结论.【解答】解:依题意,a2===3,a3===﹣2,a4===,a5===2,∴数列{a n}是以4为周期的周期数列,又∵2016=504×4,∴a2016=a4=2,故答案为:2.5.已知数列{a n}满足:a n=n•3n(n∈N*),则此数列前n项和为S n=•3n+1+.【考点】数列的求和.【分析】利用“错位相减法”与等比数列的前n项和公式即可得出.【解答】解:∵a n=n•3n,则此数列的前n项和S n=3+2×32+3×33+…+n•3n,∴3S n=32+2×33+…+(n﹣1)•3n+n•3n+1,∴﹣2S n=3+32+33+…+3n﹣n•3n+1=﹣n•3n+1=(﹣n)3n+1﹣,∴S n=•3n+1+.故答案为:•3n+1+.6.已知数列{a n}满足:a1=3,a n=9•(n≥1),则a n=27.+1【考点】数列的极限.【分析】把已知数列递推式两边取常用对数,然后构造等比数列,求出数列{a n}的通项公式,则极限可求.=9•(n≥1),得,【解答】解:由a n+1即,令b n=lga n,则,∴,则数列{b n﹣3lg3}是以b1﹣3lg3=lga1﹣3lg3=﹣2lg3为首项,以为公比的等比数列,∴,即,∴,则a n==103lg3=10lg27=27.故答案为:27.7.等差数列{a n},{b n}的前n项和分别为S n,T n,若=,则=.【考点】等差数列的性质.【分析】由{a n},{b n}为等差数列,且其前n项和满足若=,设S n=kn×2n,T n=kn(3n+1)(k≠0),则利用递推关系可得:当n≥2时,a n=S n﹣S n﹣1;当n≥2时,b n=T n﹣T n﹣1.代入即可得出.【解答】解:∵{a n},{b n}为等差数列,且其前n项和满足若=,∴设S n=kn×2n,T n=kn(3n+1)(k≠0),则当n≥2时,a n=S n﹣S n﹣1=4kn﹣2k;当n≥2时,b n=T n﹣T n﹣1=6kn﹣2k.∴==,故答案为:.8.等比数列{a n},a1=3﹣5,前8项的几何平均为9,则a3=.【考点】等比数列的性质.【分析】设等比数列{a n}的公比为q,由题意列式求得q,代入等比数列的通项公式得答案.【解答】解:设等比数列{a n}的公比为q,由题意,,即,∴,得,∵a 1=3﹣5,∴,则q=9,∴.故答案为:.9.定义在R 上的函数f (x )=,S n =f ()+f ()+…+f (),n=2,3,…,则S n =2n ﹣2 .【考点】数列的求和.【分析】由已知得f (x )+f (1﹣x )=4,由此能求出S n =f ()+f ()+…+f ()的值.【解答】解:∵f (x )=,∴f (1﹣x )===,∴f (x )+f (1﹣x )=4,∴S n =f ()+f ()+…+f ()=4×=2n ﹣2.故答案为:2n ﹣2.10.设x 1,x 2是方程x 2﹣xsin +cos=0的两个根,则arctanx 1+arctanx 2的值为.【考点】反三角函数的运用.【分析】由条件利用韦达定理求得x 1+x 2 =sin,x 1•x 2=cos,再利用两角和的正切公式求得tan (arctanx 1+arctanx 2)的值,可得arctanx 1+arctanx 2 的值.【解答】解:由x 1、x 2是方程x 2﹣xsin +cos=0的两根,可得x 1+x 2 =sin,x 1•x 2=cos,故x 1、x 2均大于零,故arctanx 1+arctanx 2∈(0,π),且tan(arctanx1+arctanx2)===cotπ=tan(﹣π),∴arctanx1+arctanx2=.故答案为:.11.已知数列{a n}的前n项和为S n,a n=,则S2016=.【考点】数列的求和.【分析】将a n=分子分母同乘,再使用裂项法得出a n=(﹣),从而得出S2016的值.【解答】解:a n===(﹣).∴S2016=(1﹣)+(﹣)+(﹣)+…+(﹣)=(1﹣+﹣+﹣+…+﹣)=(1﹣)= [1﹣()]==.故答案为:.12.设正数数列{a n}的前n项和为b n,数列{b n}的前n项之积为c n,且b n+c n=1,则数列{}的前n项和S n中大于2016的最小项为第63项.【考点】数列的求和.【分析】由题意可得:a1+a2+…+a n+a1•(a1+a2)•…•(a1+a2+…+a n)=1,可得a1=,a2=.…,猜想:a n=.验证:成立.可得n<=<n+1,进而得到<S n<,即可得出.【解答】解:由题意可得:a1+a2+…+a n+a1•(a1+a2)•…•(a1+a2+…+a n)=1,n=1时,a1+a1=1,解得a1=.n=2时,a1+a2+a1•(a1+a2)=1,解得a2=.…,猜想:a n=.验证:a1+a2+…+a n=++…+==.∴a1•(a1+a2)•…•(a1+a2+…+a n)=××…×=.∴a1+a2+…+a n+a1•(a1+a2)•…•(a1+a2+…+a n)=+=1.∴n<=<n+1,∴<S n<,∴2016<S63<2080,∴数列{}的前n项和S n中大于2016的最小项为第63项.故答案为:63.二、选择题.13.用数学归纳法证明“(n+1)(n+2)•…•(n+n)=2n•1•3•…•(2n﹣1)”,当“n从k到k+1”左端需增乘的代数式为()A.2k+1 B.2(2k+1)C.D.【考点】数学归纳法.【分析】分别求出n=k时左端的表达式,和n=k+1时左端的表达式,比较可得“n从k到k+1”左端需增乘的代数式.【解答】解:当n=k时,左端=(k+1)(k+2)(k+3)…(2k),当n=k+1时,左端=(k+2)(k+3)…(2k)(2k+1)(2k+2),故当“n从k到k+1”左端需增乘的代数式为=2(2k+1),故选B.14.一个三角形的三边成等比数列,则公比q的范围是()A.q>B.q<C.<q<D.q<或q>【考点】等比数列的通项公式.【分析】设三边分别为:,a,aq,(a,q>0).分类讨论:q≥1时, +a>aq;0<q<1时,<a+aq,分别解出即可得出.【解答】解:设三边分别为:,a,aq,(a,q>0).则q≥1时, +a>aq,解得:.0<q<1时,<a+aq,解得:<q<1.综上可得:公比q的范围是.故选:C.15.等差数列{a n}中,a5<0,且a6>0,且a6>|a5|,S n是其前n项和,则下列判断正确的是()A.S1,S2,S3均小于0,S4,S5,S6,…均大于0B.S1,S2,…,S5均小于0,S6,S7,…均大于0C.S1,S2,…S9均小于0,S10,S11,…均大于0D.S1,S2,…,S11均小于0,S12,S13,…均大于0【考点】等差数列的性质;等差数列的前n项和.【分析】由a5<0,a6>0且a6>|a5|可得d=a6﹣a5>0,a5+a6>0,2a5<0,2a6>0,结合等差数列的求和公式及性质可判断.【解答】解:∵a5<0,a6>0且a6>|a5|∴d=a6﹣a5>0∴数列的前5项都为负数∵a5+a6>0,2a5<0,2a6>0由等差数列的性质及求和公式可得,S9==9a5<0S10=5(a1+a10)=5(a5+a6)>0由公差d>0可知,S1,S2,S3…S9均小于0,S10,S11…都大于0.故选:C.16.若数列{a n}的通项公式是a n=,n=1,2,…,则(a1+a2+…+a n)等于()A.B.C.D.【考点】数列递推式;极限及其运算.【分析】由题意知a n=由此可知(a1+a2++a n)=+,计算可得答案.【解答】解:a n=即a n=∴a1+a2+…+a n=(2﹣1+2﹣3+2﹣5+)+(3﹣2+3﹣4+3﹣6+).∴(a1+a2+…+a n)=+=,故选C.17.已知=1,那么(sinθ+2)2(cosθ+1)的值为()A.9 B.8 C.12 D.不确定【考点】同角三角函数基本关系的运用.【分析】首先将已知等式变形化简得到sinθ=1+cot2014θ,利用正弦函数的有界性,得到sinθ=1,cosθ=0,可求结果.【解答】解:将=1,变形得:sinθ+1=cot2016θ+2,整理得sinθ=1+cot2016θ≤1,即cot2016θ≤0,又∵cot2016θ≥0所以cot2016θ=0,所以cosθ=0,sinθ=1,所以(sinθ+2)2(cosθ+1)=(1+2)2=9;故选:A.18.已知f(n)=(2n+7)•3n+9,存在自然数m,使得对任意n∈N*,都能使m整除f(n),则最大的m的值为()A.30 B.26 C.36 D.6【考点】数学归纳法.【分析】依题意,可求得f(1)、f(2)、f(3)、f(4)的值,从而可猜得最大的m的值为36,再利用数学归纳法证明即可.【解答】解:由f(n)=(2n+7)•3n+9,得f(1)=36,f(2)=3×36,f(3)=10×36,f(4)=34×36,由此猜想m=36.下面用数学归纳法证明:(1)当n=1时,显然成立.(2)假设n=k时,f(k)能被36整除,即f(k)=(2k+7)•3k+9能被36整除;当n=k+1时,[2(k+1)+7]•3k+1+9=3[(2k+7)•3k+9]﹣18+2×3k+1=3[(2k+7)•3k+9]+18(3k﹣1﹣1),∵3k﹣1﹣1是2的倍数,∴18(3k﹣1﹣1)能被36整除,∴当n=k+1时,f(n)也能被36整除.由(1)(2)可知对一切正整数n都有f(n)=(2n+7)•3n+9能被36整除,m的最大值为36.三、解答题.19.用数学归纳法证明:12+22+32+…+(n﹣1)2+n2+(n﹣1)2+…+32+22+12=n(2n2+1)【考点】数学归纳法.【分析】用数学归纳法证明:(1)当n=1时,去证明等式成立;(2)假设当n=k时,等时成立,用上归纳假设后,去证明当n=k+1时,等式也成立即可.【解答】证明:利用数学归纳法证明:(1)当n=1时,左边=1=右边,此时等式成立;(2)假设当n=k∈N*时,12+22+32+…+(k﹣1)2+k2+(k﹣1)2+…+32+22+12=k(2k2+1)(k∈N*)成立.则当n=k+1时,左边=12+22+32+…+k2+(k+1)2+k2+…+22+12=k(2k2+1)+(k+1)2+k2=(k+1)[2(k+1)2+1]=右边,∴当n=k+1时,等式成立.根据(1)和(2),可知对n∈N*等式成立.20.已知数列{a n}满足a1=1,其前n项和是S n对任意正整数n,S n=n2a n,求此数列的通项公式.【考点】数列递推式.【分析】由S n =n 2a n ,可得n ≥2时,a n =S n ﹣S n ﹣1,化为: =.利用“累乘求积”方法即可得出.【解答】解:∵S n =n 2a n ,∴n ≥2时,a n =S n ﹣S n ﹣1=n 2a n ﹣(n ﹣1)2a n ﹣1,化为:=.∴a n =••…••a 1=••…•××1=,n=1时也成立.∴a n =.21.已知方程cos2x +sin2x=k +1.(1)k 为何值时,方程在区间[0,]内有两个相异的解α,β;(2)当方程在区间[0,]内有两个相异的解α,β时,求α+β的值.【考点】三角函数中的恒等变换应用;正弦函数的图象.【分析】(1)令f (x )=cos2x +sin2x=2sin (2x +),根据函数图象判断k 的范围;(2)求出f (x )在[0,]上的对称轴,根据图象的对称性得出α+β的值.【解答】解:(1)令f (x )=cos2x +sin2x=2sin (2x +),作出f (x )在[0,]上的函数图象如图所示:由图象可知当1≤k +1<2即0≤k <1时,f (x )=k +1有两个相异的解.(2)令2x +=+k π,解得x=+,∴f (x )在[0,上的对称轴为x=,∴α+β=.22.设数列{a n }满足a 1=2,a 2=6,a n +2=2a n +1﹣a n +2(n ∈N*). (1)证明:数列{a n +1﹣a n }是等差数列;(2)求:++…+.【考点】数列的求和;等差数列的通项公式. 【分析】(1)由a n +2=2a n +1﹣a n +2,变形为(a n +2﹣a n +1)﹣(a n +1﹣a n )=2,a 2﹣a 1=4,即可证明.(2)由(1)可得:a n +1﹣a n =4+2(n ﹣1)=2n +2.利用a n =(a n ﹣a n ﹣1)+(a n ﹣1﹣a n ﹣2)+…+(a 2﹣a 1)+a 1可得a n .再利用“裂项求和”方法即可得出. 【解答】(1)证明:∵a n +2=2a n +1﹣a n +2,∴(a n +2﹣a n +1)﹣(a n +1﹣a n )=2,a 2﹣a 1=4,∴数列{a n +1﹣a n }是等差数列,首项为4,公差为2. (2)解:由(1)可得:a n +1﹣a n =4+2(n ﹣1)=2n +2. ∴a n =(a n ﹣a n ﹣1)+(a n ﹣1﹣a n ﹣2)+…+(a 2﹣a 1)+a 1=2n +2(n ﹣1)+…+2×2+2==n 2+n .∴==.∴++…+=++…+=1﹣=.23.数列{a n },{b n }满足,且a 1=2,b 1=4.(1)证明:{a n +1﹣2a n }为等比数列; (2)求{a n },{b n }的通项. 【考点】等比数列的通项公式.【分析】(1)由a n +1=﹣a n ﹣2b n ,可得:b n =,b n +1=﹣,代入b n +1=6a n +6b n ,化简整理可得:a n +2﹣2a n +1=3(a n +1﹣2a n ),即可证明.(2)由(1)可得:a n +1﹣2a n =﹣14×3n ﹣1.化为:a n +1+14×3n =2,利用等比数列的通项公式可得:a n ,进而得到b n .【解答】(1)证明:由a n +1=﹣a n ﹣2b n ,可得:b n =,∴b n +1=﹣,代入b n +1=6a n +6b n ,可得:﹣=6a n+6×(),化为:a n+2﹣2a n+1=3(a n+1﹣2a n).a2=﹣2﹣2×4=﹣10,a2﹣2a1=﹣14,∴{a n+1﹣2a n}为等比数列,首项为﹣14,公比为3.(2)解:由(1)可得:a n+1﹣2a n=﹣14×3n﹣1.化为:a n+1+14×3n=2,∴数列是等比数列,首项为16,公比为2.∴a n+14×3n﹣1=16×2n﹣1,可得a n=2n+3﹣14×3n﹣1.∴b n=﹣=28×3n﹣1﹣3×2n+2.24.已知数列{a n}是等比数列,且a2=4,a5=32,数列{b n}满足:对于任意n∈N*,有a1b1+a2b2+…+a n b n=(n﹣1)•2n+1+2.(1)求数列{a n}的通项公式;(2)若数列{d n}满足:d1=6,d n•d n+1=6a•(﹣)(a>0),设T n=d1d2d3…d n(n∈N*),当且仅当n=8时,T n取得最大值,求a的取值范围.【考点】数列与不等式的综合;数列的应用.【分析】(1)通过a2=4、a5=32,利用等差数列性质可知:a5=a2•q3=32,即可求得q的值,求得a1=2,由等比数列通项公式即可求得数列{a n}的通项公式;(2)通过a1b1+a2b2+…+a n b n=(n﹣1)•2n+1+2与a1b1+a2b2+…+a n﹣1b n﹣1=(n﹣2)•2n+2作差,通过a n=2n,即可求得数列{b n}的通项公式,由c n=d n•d n+1,T n=d1d2d3…d n=,由题意可知:当n≤7时,|c n|>1,当n≥8时,|c n|<1,列方程即可求得a的取值范围.【解答】解:(1)∵a2=4,a5=32,由等比数列性质可知:a5=a2•q3=32,∴q3=8,q=2,∴a1=2,∴由等比数列通项公式可知:a n=2×2n﹣1=2n,数列{a n}的通项公式a n=2n;(2)∵a1b1+a2b2+…+a n b n=(n﹣1)•2n+1+2,∴当n≥2时,a1b1+a2b2+…+a n﹣1b n﹣1=(n﹣2)•2n+2,两式相减得:a n b n=(n﹣1)•2n+1+2﹣(n﹣2)•2n+2=n•2n,即b n==n(n≥2),又∵a1b1=2,即b1=1满足上式,∴b n=n;(2)令c n=d n•d n+1=6a•(﹣)n(a>0),T n=d1d2d3…d n=,由当且仅当n=8时,T n取得最大值,∴|T2|<|T4|<|T6|<|T8|>|T10|>…,|T1|<|T3|<|T5|<|T7|>…>|T11|>….当n≤7时,|c n|>1,当n≥8时,|c n|<1,∴6a>27,即a>,6a<28,即a<,∴a的取值范围(,).2016年12月1日。

上海市浦东新区2018学年第二学期期中考试卷七年级(初一)数学

上海市浦东新区2018学年第二学期期中考试卷七年级(初一)数学

浦东新区2018学年第二学期期中质量监控测试题 初一年级数学学科2.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须写出解答的主要步骤. 一、选择题(本大题共6题,每题2分,满分12分)(每题只有一个选项正确) 1.下列各数中:0、2-、227、π、0.3737737773(它的位数无限且相邻两个“3”之间“7”的个数依次加1个),无理数有…………( ).(A) 1个; (B) 2个; (C) 3个; (D) 4个.2.如图,线段AB 将边长为1个单位长度的正方形分割为两个等腰直角三角形,以A 为圆心、AB 的长为半径画弧交数轴于点C ,那么点C 在数轴上表示的实数是………………( ) (A ) (B ; (C 1; (D )1.3.下列计算中,正确的是……………………………………………………( ). (A )283±=; (B )()()2223366-=-=-;(C )()222=--;(D )21)641(61=.4.下列说法:①任意三角形的内角和都是180°;②三角形的一个外角大于任何一个内角;③三角形的中线、角平分线和高线都是线段;④三角形的三条高线必在三角形内.其中正确的是……………………………………………………………………………………( ) (A )①②;(B )①③;(C )②③;(D )③④.5.下列说法错误的是 ………………………………………………( )(A) 无理数是无限小数;(B) 如果两条直线被第三条直线所截,那么内错角相等; (C) 经过直线外一点有且只有一条直线与已知直线平行;(D) 联结直线外一点与直线上各点的所有线段中,垂线段最短.6.在直角坐标平面内,已知在y 轴与直线x =3之间有一点M (a ,3),如果该点关于直线x =3的对称点M'的坐标为(5,3),那么a 的值为…………………………………………( )(A )4; (B )3; (C )2; (D )1.(第2题图)二、填空题(本大题共12题,每题3分,满分36分) 7.16的平方根是 .8.据上海市统计局最新发布的统计公报显示,2015年末上海市常住人口总数约为24 152 700人,用科学记数法将24 152 700保留三个有效数字是 . 9.如图,∠2的同旁内角是 .10.如图,已知BC ∥DE ,∠ABC =120°,那么直线AB 、DE 的夹角是 °. 11.如果111+<<a a ,那么整数=a ___________.12.如图,在等腰△ABC 中,AB =AC ,点O 是△ABC 内一点,且OB =OC .联结AO 并延长交边BC 于点D .如果BD =6,那么BC 的值为 .13.如图,已知点A 、B 、C 、F 在同一条直线上,AD ∥EF ,∠D=40°,∠F =30°,那么∠ACD的度数是 .14.如图,将△ABC 沿射线BA 方向平移得到△DEF ,AB =4,AE =3,那么DA 的长度是 .15.如图,直线//a c ,直线b 与直线a 、c 相交,∠1=∠42°,那么=∠2_______. 16.如图,写出图中∠A 所有的的内错角: .17.如图,正方形ABCD 的面积为5,正方形BEFG 面积为4,那么△GCE 的面积是_______.18.在等腰△ABC 中,如果过顶角的顶点A 的一条直线AD 将△ABC 分割成两个等腰三角形,那么∠BAC = °.三、简答题(本大题共4题,第19题,每小题3分;第20题,每小题2分;第21题6分,第22题5分,满分21分) 19.计算(写出计算过程):(第9题图)(第14题图)(第10题图)(第12题图)(第13题图)ab c 1 (第15题图) 2(第16题图)(第17题图)H A B E C D F GA E E(第21题图)(1)36533232+-; (2)521135÷⨯.解:解:20.利用幂的性质计算(写出计算过程,结果表示为含幂的形式):(1)212193⨯;(2)11243÷.解:解:21.如图,已知直线AB 、CD 被直线EF 所截,FG 平分∠EFD ,∠1=∠2=80°,求∠BGF的度数.解:因为∠1=∠2=80°(已知),所以AB ∥CD ( ).所以∠BGF +∠3=180°( ). 因为∠2+∠EFD =180°(邻补角的意义), 所以∠EFD = °(等式性质). 因为FG 平分∠EFD (已知),所以∠3= ∠EFD (角平分线的意义). 所以∠3= °(等式性质). 所以∠BGF = °(等式性质).22.如图,AB ∥DE ,CM 平分∠BCE ,∠MCN=90°,∠B =50°,求∠DCN 的度数.E C DMNA B四、解答题(本大题共4题,第23题6分,第24题7分,第25题8分,第26题10分,满分31分)23.如图,已知AB=AC,BD⊥AC,CE⊥AB,垂足分别为点D、E.说明△ABD与△ACE 全等的理由.(第23题图)24.如图,点E是等边△ABC外一点,点D是BC边上一点,AD=BE,∠CAD=∠CBE,联结ED、EC.(1)试说明△ADC与△BEC全等的理由;(2)试判断△DCE的形状,并说明理由.(第24题图)25.如图,在直角坐标平面内,已知点A(8,0),点B的横坐标是2,△AOB的面积为12.(1)求点B的坐标;(2)如果P 是直角坐标平面内的点,那么点P 在什么位置时,S △AOP =2S △AOB ?26.先阅读下列的解答过程,然后再解答: 形如n m 2±的化简,只要我们找到两个正数a 、b ,使m b a =+,n ab =,使得(第25题图)m b a =+22)()(,n b a =⋅,那么便有:b a b a n m ±=±=±2)(2)(b a >例如:化简347+解:首先把347+化为1227+,这里7=m ,12=n ,由于734=+,1234=⨯ 即7)3()4(22=+,1234=⨯∴347+=1227+=32)34(2+=+(1)填空:=-324 , 549+= (2)化简:15419-;。

上海市浦东新区统考2020-2021学年高一上学期期中考试数学试题 Word版含答案

上海市浦东新区统考2020-2021学年高一上学期期中考试数学试题 Word版含答案

浦东新区高一期中数学试卷2020.11一. 填空题1. 用∈或∉填空:0 N2.=3. 已知集合{|3}A x x =>,{|5}B x x =>,则A B =4. 关于x 的不等式20ax +<的解集为(1,)+∞,则实数a =5. 不等式2(2)4x -≤的解集为6. 若12(31)x +有意义,则实数x 的取值范围是7. 若关于x 的一元二次不等式2(1)40x k x +-+≤的解集为{2},则实数k =8. 已知实数x 、y 满足21x y +=,那么xy 的最大值是9. 集合2{|440,}P x ax x x =++=∈R 中只含有1个元素,则实数a 的取值是10. 方程|1||3|2x x -+-=的解集为11. 已知{||1|}A x x a =-≤,若A 只有1个整数元素,则实数a 的取值范围是12. 设P 为非空实数集满足:对任意给定的x y P ∈、(x y 、可以相同),都有x y P +∈,x y P -∈,xy P ∈,则称P 为幸运集.① 集合{2,1,0,1,2}P =--为幸运集; ② 集合{|2,}p x x n n ==∈Z 为幸运集; ③ 若集合1P 、2P 为幸运集,则12P P 为幸运集; ④ 若集合P 为幸运集,则一定有0P ∈; 其中正确结论的序号是二. 选择题13. “260x x --=”是“3x =”的( )A. 充分非必要条件B. 必要非充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既非充分又非必要条件14. 如果集合{|2,}p x x k k ==∈N ,21{|2,}k M x x k +==∈N ,那么集合P 、M 之间的 关系是( )A. M P ⊂B. P M ⊂C. P M =D. P M 、互不包含15. 若b a <,则下列结论正确的是( )A. 2ab a <B. 22b a <C. 2b a a b+≥ D. ||||||a b a b +≥+16. 在下列选项中,满足p 与q 等价的是( )A. 已知实数x 、y , 2:1x y p xy +>⎧⎨>⎩和:1q x >,1y > B. 已知实数x 、y ,22:(1)(2)0p x y -+-=和:(1)(2)0q x y --=C. 已知实数x ,1:01p x<<和:1q x > D. 已知1a 、1b 、1c 、2a 、2b 、2c 均为非零实数,不等式21110a x b x c ++>和不等式 22220a x b x c ++>的实数解集分别为M 和N ,111222:a b c P a b c ==和:q M N =三. 解答题17. 解不等式组321|23|2x x x +⎧≥⎪+⎨⎪-≤⎩.18. 已知集合26{|0}22x A x x x -+=<++,{|()(1)0}B x x a x a =---≤. (1)求集合A 、B ;(2)若AB A =,求实数a 的取值范围.19. 某生产消毒液企业每天能生产30000瓶消毒液,每瓶消毒液的生产成本为3元钱,由于 受到疫情影响,该生产消毒液企业迅速组织各方面力量扩大生产规模,每天增加生产x (0x >)瓶消毒液,同时每瓶消毒液生产成本增加10000x元,设该企业扩大生产规模后 每天投入的总生产成本为p 元.(1)请用x 的表达式表示出p ;(2)试问该生产消毒液企业每天增加生产多少瓶消毒液,才能使得每天投入的生产成本最小?并求出此时p 的值.20. 命题甲:关于x 的方程240x mx m ++=无实根;命题乙:关于x 的方程2(1)0x m x m -++=有两个不相等的正根,设命题甲、命题乙为真命题时实数m 的取值 分别组成集合A 、B .(1)求集合A 、B ;(2)若命题甲、乙中有且仅有一个是真命题,求实数m 的取值范围.21. 已知2(3)y mx m x m =+++.(1)m 取什么实数时,关于x 的不等式:0y <解集为1(,)(2,)2-∞+∞; (2)m 取什么实数时,关于x 的不等式:0y x>在(0,)x ∈+∞恒成立.参考答案一. 填空题1. ∈2. 5223. {|5}x x >4. 2-5. {|04}x x ≤≤6. 1[,)3-+∞7. 3-8.18 9. 0或1 10. [1,3] 11. [0,1) 12. ②④二. 选择题13. B 14. A 15. D 16. C三. 解答题 17. 5[1,]2.18.(1){|6}A x x =>,{|1}B x a x a =≤≤+;(2)6a >.19.(1)10000(30000)(3)p x x=++;(2)10000x =,min 160000p =. 20.(1)1(0,)4A =,(0,1)(1,)B =+∞;(2)1[,1)(1,)4+∞. 21.(1)67-;(2)[0,)+∞.。

上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年高一上学期期中联考英语试卷 Word版含答案

上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年高一上学期期中联考英语试卷 Word版含答案

2017-2018学年度第一学期高一英语期中联考试卷说明:(1)本场考试时间为90分钟,总分100分;(2)请认真答卷,并用规范文字书写。

第I卷(70分)I. Listening Comprehension (20分)Section A (10分)Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 145 minutes. B. 120 minutes. C. 130 minutes. D. 160 minutes.2. A. The bus was late. B. She forgot her class.C. She got up later than usual.D. Her clock went wrong.3. A. The woman wants to have dinner out.B. The woman wants to go out in the evening.C. The woman wants to dine where they were last night.D. The woman wants to invite the man to go out tonight.4. A. Jerry. B. Jimmy. C. Cathy. D. Shelly.5. A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train. D. On foot.6. A. The woman went to the concert last night.B. The man was standing at the back of the concert hall.C. The concert was warmly received.D. The concert lasted the whole night.7. A. Preparing the dinner. B. Sleeping. C. Helping his mom out. D. Reading.8. A. $800. B. $1,200. C. $640. D. $960.9. A. Husband and wife. B. Dentist and patient.C. Customer and cashier.D. Doctor and nurse.10. A. Having confidence in her son. B. Teaching her son by herself.C. Asking the teacher for extra help.D. Telling her son not to worry.Section B (6分)Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Because he wanted her to know how rich he was.B. Because he wanted her to know how much he liked her.C. Because he wanted her to learn how to dance.D. Because he wanted her to love everything she saw. 12. A. Because he d idn’t have a wonderful meal.B. Because he asked the waiter to bring him a glass of iced-water.C. Because he was frightened to see the bill.D. Because he had danced the whole evening.13. A. Because he thought the young man wasn’t well and neede d help. B. Because he thought the young man wanted one more drink. C. Because he thought the young many had cheated him. D. Because the young man wanted him to do so.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report. 14. A. Everyone must master a new language.B. The younger one is, the easier it is to learn a new language.C. The ability to learn a new language has nothing to do with age.D. Older people have a better command of a new language. 15. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 16. A. Adults have better self-control. B. Adults know more about the world.C. Adults have positive attitude toward learning.D. Adults can learn in a logic way.Section C (4分)Directions: In Section C, you will hear one conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (26分)Section A (10分)Directions : Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 21. --How is Mike now?--Don’t worry. He will call us as soon as he _____ the USA. A. reaches B reached C. will reach D is reaching22. An excellent way to help memory is to connect information with pictures, which ______ as amemory-link method.A. considersB. is consideringC. is consideredD. considered23. He no longer rents an apartment , for he ______ one within the walking distance from whereworks..A. will buyB.boughtC. has boughtD. had bought24. As a working mother, she tries to keep a balance _______ work and family.A. overB. underC. betweenD. with25. During the past decade, ______ farmer workers have come to big cities to make a living.A. the large number ofB. a large number ofC. a large amount ofD. large amounts of26. - It is said that two man-made structures are clearly visible from space. One is the Great Wall ofChina, and __________ is Japan’s Kansai International Airport.A. anotherB.otherC. the otherD. either27. Oetzi, the 5,000 year old “Iceman”, ______on the alpine border between Italy and Austria in1991.A. was discoveringB. was discoveredC. had been discoveredD. discovered28. Many people sleep with the charging phones right next to their heads, _____ could increase thechances of getting cancer.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that29. In modern society, great attention should be paid to,especially among young people, how toestablish and ______ healthy financial habits.A. preserveB. stayC. reserveD. maintain30. Mr. Smith was so angry at all _______ Bill was doing ________ he left.A. that; whatB. that; thatC. which; whichD. what; thatSection B (7分)Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.____31____ the baby was born, the Buddha(佛陀) said goodbye to him. The baby was crying all the time, letting out a sigh and saying, “I am quite___32____ (confuse) for I will become so little and know nothing. How helpless I will be!”“I ____33____ already_______ (arrange) a Bodhisattva ___34___ will lead you in the world. She will guarantee your safety, take care of you and love you until you ___35____(grow) up. It is also _____36_____ moment that she has accomplished her mission and return to my side again” the Buddha comforted him.“What is the name of that Bodhisattva ?”the little stopped ____37______(cry) .The Buddha smiled and said ,“Her name is MOTHER.”Section C (9分)Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only besed once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice ___38___ away. However, we have already reached temperatures that are in ___39___ with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are contributing to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures ___40___ between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years. The warming will be more ___41___ in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the ___42___ of this warming will be very different depending on where you are-coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable (宜居的)and ___43___ for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on ___44___, everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Some scientists ___45___ that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random (无规律的)variation-some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years ___46___ but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.III. Reading Comprehension (24分)Section A (10分)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Dear Seth,You are only three years old, and at this point in your life you are not able to understand this letter. But some day when you grow up , I hope you will find something valuable in what I am going to share with you.Life can be ___47____. There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice. They’ll___48____ you because you are different, or simply for no good reason. You will also face heartbreak and might be hurt by those you love. I hope you don’t have to face these too much, but such things ___49____ .Be open to life anyway. You’ll find cruelty and___50____in your journey through life, but don’t let that ___51____you from finding new things. Don’t retreat(退却) from life, and don’t hide or wall yourself off. Be open to new things, new experiences, and new people. You’ll ___52____ many times, but if you allow that to stop you from trying, you will miss many chances. Do remember failure is a stepping stone to ___53____ .You will meet many people who will try to do___54____than you, in school, in college and at work. They’ll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses, nicer clothes, and so on. To them , life is acompetition. However, I believe life is a journey. If you always try your best to___55____ others,you’re wasting your life. Learn to enjoy your life, and make it a journey of___56____, of learning, and of love.Finally, know that I love you and always will. You are starting a really wonderful journey, and I will always be there for you.Your loving dad47. A. rough B. peaceful C. equal D. simple 48. A. end up with B. get on well with C. laugh at D. look after 49. A. matter B. work C. disappear D. happen 50. A. luck B. pain C. difference D. hope 51. A. protect B. encourage C. discourage D. choose 52. A. leave B. prepare C. escape D. fail 53. A. success B. life C. action D. sorrow 54. A. earlier B. better C. less D. faster 55. A. change B. pardon C. follow D. beat 56. A. cruelty B. danger C. happiness D. quietnessSection B (14分)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe iPhone, the iPad: each of Apple’s products sounds cool and has beco me a fad(一时的风尚). Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter “i” –-- and many other brands are following suit. The BBC’s iPlayer --- which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet ---used the title in 2008. A lovely bear --- popular in the US and UK --- that plays music and video is called “iTeddy”. A slimmed -down version(简装本) of London’s Independent newspaper was started last week under the name “i”.In general, single-letter prefixes(前缀) have been popular since the 1990s, when terms such as e-mail and e-commerce(电子商务) first came into use.Most “i” products are targeted at (针对)young people and considering the major readers of Independent’s “i”, it’s no surprise that they’ve selected this fashionable name.But it’s hard to see what’s so special about the letter “i”. Why not use “a”, “b”, or “c” instead? According to Tony Thorne, head of the Language Center at King’s College, London, “i” works because its meaning has become ambiguous . When Apple uses “i”, no one knows whether it means Internet, information, individual or interactive, Thorne told BBC Magazines. “Even when Apple created the iPod, it seems it didn’t have one clear definition (定义),” he says.“However, thanks to Apple, the term is now connected with portability (轻便) .”a dds Thorne.Clearly the letter “i” also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual. Each person believes they have their own needs, and we love personalized products for this reason.Along with “Google” and “blog”, readers of BBC Magazines voted “i” as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade(十年).But as history shows, people grow tired of fads. From the 1900s to 1990s, products with “2000”in their names became fashionable as the year was connected with all things advanced and modern. However, as we entered the new century, the fashion disappeared.57. People use iPlayer to __________.A. listen to musicB. make a callC. watch TV programs onlineD.read newspapers58. We can infer that the Independent’s “i” is designed for _________.A. young readersB. old readersC. fashionable womenD. engineers59. The underlined word “ambiguous” means “__________”.A. popularB. uncertainC. clearD. unique60. The writer suggests that __________.A. “i” products are often of high qualityB. iTeddy is alive bearC. the letter “b” replaces letter “i” to name the productsD. the popularity of “i” products may not last longBSUNDAY MAY 7 EASY Early Morning Stroll in Upper Lane Cove ValleyMeet at 7:30 a.m. at the end of Day RD, Cheltenham, while the bush is alive with birdsong.Round trip: 4 hoursFRIDAY MAY 12 MEDIUM Possum prowlMeet 7:30 p.m. at Seaforth Oval carpark. Enjoy the peace of the bush at night. Lovely water views. Bring torch and wear non-slip shoes as some rock climbing involved. Coffee and biscuits supplied.Duration: 2 hoursSUNDAY JUNE 4 HARD Baime Basin TrackMeet 9:30 a.m. Track#8, West Head Road, Magnificent Pittwater views.Visit Beechwood cottage. Bring lunch and drink. Some steep sections. FRIDAY JUNE 6 EASY Poetry around a campfireMeet 7:00 p.m. Kalkaari Visitor Center. Share your favourite poem or one of your own with a group around a gently cracking fire. Drinks and food to follow. Bring a cup and a blanket (or a chair).Cost: $4.00 per person.Duration: 2.5 hoursSUNDAY JUNE 25 EASY Morning Walk at Mitchell ParkMeet 8:30 a.m. entrance to Mitchell Park, Mitchell Park Rd. Cattai for a pleasant walk wandering through rainforest, river flats and dry forest to swampland(沼泽地). Binoculars (双筒望远镜)a must to bring as many birds live here. Finish with morning tea. Duration: 3 hours--------------------------------------------------------- GRADINGEASY suitable for ALL fitness levels MEDIUM for those who PERIODICALL Yexerciselikely to join __________.A. Early Morning Stroll in Upper Lane Cove ValleyB. Baime Basin TrackC. Poetry around a campfireD. Morning Walk at Mitchell Park62. If you want to enjoy the peace of the bush at night, you are required to __________.A. meet at 7:30 p.m. June 6B. bring slippers with youC. prepare a torchD. climb rocks for two hours63. In the activity “Morning Walk at Mitchell Park”, one may have no chance to ___________.A.appreciate bird watchingB. enjoy mountain climbingC.take a relaxing walkD. have morning tea第Ⅱ卷(共30分)I. Translation (15分每题3分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 在大多数的文化当中,点头表示同意。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年第一学期普通高中期中联考高一数学试卷 总分: 100分 时间:90分钟
一、填空题(共12个小题,每题3分,满分36分)
1. 已知全集U {}2,x x x R =≤∈,{}1A x x =<-,那么U C A =
2. 若1∈{}2,a a , 则a 的值是
3. 集合{}0,1,2,4M =,则集合M 的非空真子集的个数是_______________
4. 已知集合A={()2,x y y x =},集合B={(),2x y y x =-},求A
B =________________ 5. 不等式21x
≤的解集是________________ 6. 已知M={21y y x =--},N={245y y x x =-+},则M N =_____________________
7. 若7x y +≠,则3x ≠或4y ≠,它是____________(“真命题”或“假命题”)
8. 已知A {}32,x x x R =-≤≤∈,B {}x x a =>满足A B ⊆,则实数a 的取值范围是
___________
9. 已知2x >,则52
x x +-的最小值是___________ 10. 已知{}2560A x x x =+-=,{}10B x ax =-=,若A
B A =,则a 的值是
___________ 11. 已知21,,a b R a b +
∈+=、则11a b
+的最小值为___________ 12. 定义:关于x 的不等式||x A B -<的解集叫A 的B 邻域。

若2a b +-的a b +邻域 为区间(2,2)-,则22a b +的最小值是
二、选择题(共4个小题,每小题3分,满分12分)
13. 已知..a b c R ∈,命题“ac bc =”是“a b =”的( )
A .充要条件 B.充分非必要条件 C.必要非充分条件 D. 非充分非必要条件
14. 下列表述中错误的是( )
A .若A
B A B A =⊆ 则, B .若B A B B A ⊆=,则
C .)
(B A A )(B A D .()()()B C A C B A C U U U =
15. 若
011<<b
a ,则下列结论不正确的是 ( ) A .22
b a < B .2b ab < C .2>+b
a a
b D .||||||b a b a +>+ 16. 某个命题与自然数n 有关。

如果当n=k (k N ∈)时命题成立,那么可推得当n=k+1时该命题也成立。

现已知当n=5时该命题不成立,那么可推得( )
A .当n=6时该命题不成立 B. 当n=6时该命题成立
C. 当n=4时该命题不成立
D. 当n=4时该命题成立
三.解答题(满分52分)
17.(本题满分9分)解不等式组231621x x x
⎧-≤⎪⎨-≥⎪⎩ 18.(本题满分9分)已知命题:37,x α-≤<:121,k x k β+≤≤-命题且α是β的必要条件,求实数k 的取值范围。

19. (本小题满分10分)如图设计一幅矩形宣传画,要求画面..
面积为4840 cm 2,画面上下边要留8cm 空白,左右要留5cm 空白,怎样确定画面的高与宽的尺寸,才能使宣传画面所用纸张..
面积最小?
20. (本题满分12分)若关于x 的不等式20ax bx c ++>的解集为1,12⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,求20bx ax c -+<的解集。

21. (本题满分12分)若不等式220x x -->的解集为A ,不等式225250()x a x a +++<的解集为B ,
(1)求集合A 、B
(2)若{}2A
B Z =-,求实数a 的取值范围.
2017学年第一学期期中联考
高一年级数学参考答案
一.填空题:
1.[]2,1-
2. -1
3. 14
4. ()(){}1,14,2-
5. ()[)+∞∞-,20,
6. (][)
+∞-∞-,11, 7.真 8. 3-<a 9. 252+ 10. 6
1-,1,0 11.322+ 12.2
二.选择题:
13.C 14. C 15. D 16.C
三.解答题:
17.解:3
735613≤≤-⇒≤-x x ……………………….3分 1122=⇒≥-x x x …………………………………6分
故原不等式组的解集为:{}1=x x ……………………………9分
18.解:设A={}73-<≤x x , B={}
121k -≤≤+k x x A B ⊆⇒∴的必要条件是βα
∅≠∅=∴B B 或
当=∅B 时, 2121k <⇒->+k k --------------3分
时当∅≠B ,⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<--≥+-≤+7123
1121k k k k ⇒⎪⎩
⎪⎨⎧<-≥≥442k k k ⇒42<≤k --------------7分 综上4<k --------------------------------9分
19. 解:设画面高为x cm ,宽为y cm ,依意有4840=xy ,0,0>>y x --------2

则所需纸张面积1601016)10)(16(+++=++=x y xy y x S ,
即x y S 10165000++=, --------4

4840,0,0=>>xy y x
67604840160216021016=⨯=≥+∴xy x y -----------6分
当且仅当x y 1016=,即55,88==y x 时等号成立。

-----------8
分 即当画面高为88cm ,宽为55cm 时,所需纸张面积最小为6760cm 2 - -------10分
20. 解:由题意得: ⎪⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧==-<21
230a c a b a ……………………………………………3分 012302123212322<-+⇒<+--⇒⎪⎪⎪⎩
⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧=-==⇒x x a ax ax a c a b a a …………………9分
()()⎭⎬⎫⎩
⎨⎧<<-⇒<+-⇒3110113x x x x ………………………………12分
21.解: (1)
()()()()+∞-∞-=⇒>+-⇒>--,21,012022 A x x x x ………3分
()()⇒<++⇒<+++05205)25(22a x x a x a x
5255,2
255,22a B a a a a ⎧∅=⎪⎪⎪⎛⎫=--<⎨ ⎪⎝⎭⎪⎪⎛⎫-->⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎩
当当当……………………………………………………………6分
(2)
{}2A B Z =- 当52a =
时,B =∅显然不成立 当52a >时,52,B a ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝
⎭显然不成立 当52a <时,52,B a ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭,{}2A B Z =-2332a a ∴-<-≤⇒-≤<
综上,a 的取值范围是32a -≤<………………………………………………………6分。

相关文档
最新文档