广东省天河区2016届高考英语二轮复习语法精讲精炼情景交际02(新)
广东省天河区届高考英语二轮复习 语法精讲精炼 阅读理解-课件
阅读理解精讲精炼026.For six hours we shot through the landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted toremember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished threenotebooks and was into the fourth, a beautiful leather notebook I'd bought in a market inMozambique.Southern Africa was full of stories. And visions. We were almost drunk on sensations. The roaring of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana. And then the other things: dogs in the streets, whole families in Soweto living in one room, a kilometre from clean water.As we drove towards the setting sun, a quietness fell over us. The road was empty -- wehadn't seen another car for hours. And as I drove, something caught my eye, something movingnext to me. I glanced in the mirror of the car; I glanced sideways to the right, and that was when I saw them. Next to us, by the side of the road, thirty, forty wild horses were racing the car, a cloud of dust rising behind them -- brown, muscular horses almost close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath. I didn't know how long they had been there next to us.I shouted to Dan: "Look!", but he was in a deep sleep, his camera lying useless by his feet.They raced the car for a few seconds, then disappeared far behind us, a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape. When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened."Wild horses?" he said. "Why didn't you wake me up?""I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds.""Are you sure you didn't dream it?""You were the one who was sleeping!"'Typical, he said. "The best photos are the ones we never take."We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.1. During their journey in Africa, the two travelers________A. made friends with local residentsB. complained about the poor living conditionsC. enjoyed the sunset in the Karoo desert mostD. recorded their experiences in different ways2. What does the phrase "heroic forms" in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Racing cars.B. Wild horses.C. Eye-catching locals.D. Running dogs.3. What did Daniel think when he woke up and was told what had happened?A. He always missed out on the best thing.B. He had already taken beautiful pictures.C. A sound sleep was more important.D. The next trip would be better.4. What is 'the passage mainly about?A. How to view wildlife in Africa.B. Running into wildlife in Africa.C. Tourist attractions in southern Africa.D. Possible dangers of travelling in the desert.1.D考查细节理解。
广东省天河区2016届高考英语二轮复习语法精讲精炼非谓语动词02
非谓语动词精讲精炼02【考点诠释】考点一、考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别英语句子至少应该包括主语与谓语两部分, 而多数情况下谓语都由动词来充当。
如果对句子成分划分不清，把谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆, 做题效果可想而知。
要克服这一毛病，关键在于正确判断、识别动词在句中是否充当谓语。
如：1. The children (play) _____ the violin over there will go on the stage next week.根据句子结构，我们可以看出这是一个简单句。
主语是The children，谓语部分是will go考点二、考查作状语的非谓语动词的辨析作状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的辨析，即是选择动词不定式、现在分词还是过去分词作状语, 不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同。
动词不定式主要作目的、结果和原因状语；现在分词和过去分词主要作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随状语，两者不同之处在于：现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,即它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，它们之间的关系是主动关系，而过去分词作状语时，虽然它的逻辑主语也是句子的主语，但过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。
请看下面例题：1.____tired of Tom’s all-talk-no-action attitude, Julia decided to do the job all by herself.A) To get B) To have gotC) Getting D) Have got一般来说，在句子中没有连接词的情况下, 逗号是无力连接两个句子的。
据此，首先可以确定这是一个简单句，非谓语动词短语放在句首作状语。
依据非谓语动词短语get tired of 与其逻辑主语Julia之间的主动关系，以及谓语动词与非谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，没有明显的先后顺序，可以断定应用现在分词一般式作原因状语,即“由于厌倦了Tom只说不做的工作态度”，故正确答案为C。
广东省天河区2016届高考英语二轮复习语法精讲精炼情态动词02
情态动词精讲精炼02【考点诠释】考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。
例如：1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone______get out. A.had to B. would C. was able to D. could2. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They______be ready by 12:00.A. canB. shouldC. mightD. need【解析】can：能够；should:应该，表示责任、义务。
Might：可能；need：需要。
它们应该在12点前准备好。
所以，答案是B。
二、情态动词表示推测的考查对情态动词表示推测的用法，是高考考查情态动词的一个重要方面。
例如：1. Sorry, I’m late. I______have turned off the ala rm clock and gone back to sleep again .A. mightB. shouldC. canD. will【解析】might have done : (过去)可能做过某事；shouldhave done :本应该做某事。
根据本句提供的情境I’m late 表明说话人可能把闹钟关上了。
答案是：A。
2. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he______your lecture.A. couldn’t have attendedB. needn’t have attendedC. mustn’t have attendedD. shouldn’t have attended【解析】couldn’t have done: (过去)不可能做某事；needn’t have done:本来不必做某事；mustn’t have done:一定未做过某事：shouldn’t have done:本不该做某事。
广东省天河区2016届高考英语二轮复习语法精讲精炼动词时态和语态02
动词时态和语态精讲精炼02十一、一般现在时代替过去时1.“书上说”“报纸上说”等。
The newspaper says that it’s going to be cold tomorrow. 报纸上说明天会很冷的。
2.叙述往事，使其生动。
Napoleon’s army now advances and the great battle begins.拿破仑的部队冲上来了，战斗打响了。
十二、一般现在时代替完成时1.有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时：hear，tell，learn，write，understand，forget，know，find，say,rememberI hear (=have heard)he will go to London.I forget (=have forgotten)how old he is.2.句型“It is...since...”代替“It has been...since...”It is (=has been)five years since we last met.十三、一般现在时代替进行时1.句型：Here comes...； There goes...Look，here comes Mr.Li.看，李先生来了。
十四、现在进行时代替将来时1.表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。
Are you staying with us this weekend? 这周和我们一起度周末吗?We are leaving soon.我们马上就走。
2.渐变动词，如：get，run，grow，become，begin，dieHe is dying.他快要不行了。
十五、时态一致1.如果从句所叙述的为真理或不变的事实，则永远用现在时。
At that time，people did not know that the earth moves.在那时，人们不知道地球是运动的。
He told me last week that he is eighteen.他上周告诉我他18岁了。
《原创》广东省天河区2016届高考英语语法二轮复习动词时态和语态精讲精炼16Word版含答案
动词时态和语态精讲精炼16640.I realized strength and courage aren’t always __________ in medals and victories, butsometimes in the struggles we went through.A. measuredB. praisedC. testedD. increased答案A641.The new dictionaries are very useful. They ________ well and ________ already .A. sell; have been sold outB. sold; had sold outC. sell; sell outD. are sold; have been sold out答案A642.Don't try to call John at 11：30 tomorrow morning because he class at that time．A．is going to attend B．will attendC．is to attend D．will be attending答案D643.Unfortunately，when I got to her flat，she ______，SO we had only time for a few words．A．just left B．had just left C．has just left D．was just leaving答案D644.By the end of last year,another new theme park completed in that area．A．was being B．would be C．has been D．had been答案D645.Kate on her now novel，which is supposed to come out next month．A．has been working B．had workedC．will be working D．was working答案A646.Profits in his company went up by 25% last year, and ___ ___ so far this year though thefinancial situation is bad.A. haven’t decreasedB. didn’t decreaseC. haven’t been decreasedD. weren’t decreased答案A647.Mr. White works with an import and export company, but he ____ __ for thisindustrial fair, since he is on leave.A. has workedB. worksC. has been workingD. is working答案D648.一How long have you been in this office?一Just a few minutes．I ______ here together with my cousin．A．have walked B．had walked C．have been walking D．walked答案D649.—Tom, can you answer my question?—Er, I’m very sorry, Miss Evens, I ________about something else.A. had thoughtB. was thinkingC. will thinkD. have thought答案B650.—Jeff, you look so excited today.—Sure I am, I ______ a good job in a big company, you know.A. offeredB. will offerC. have been offeredD. was offered答案C651.My daughter ______ in a restaurant for the summer, but she doesn’t like very much.A. workedB. is workingC. was workingD. works答案B652.He has been receiving phone calls from joumalists since he became famous．Theyto know what will become of his life in the futare．A．have wanted B．are wanting C．want D．wanted答案C653.Why not come over at the weekend?The children seeing you again．A．enjoyed B．will enjoy C．would enjoy D．have enjoyed 答案 B654.Ｔhe Amazon valley is very important to the natural balance of the earth．Forty percent of the world’s oxygen there．A．produces B．has produced C．is produced D．has been produced 答案C655.Mr．Green was out of town last week．He a medical conferenceA．will attend B．had attended C．was attending D．would attend答案C656.If a computer crashes，you will lose the file you_________on if you don’t save it early enough.A．are working B．work C．will work D．worked答案A657.一May I have some more coffee，please?一I’m sorry，but there doesn’t seem to beA．1eft any B．any left C．leaving any D．any leaving答案B658.Stella, you things about, Look, what a mess in your room!A always throwB have always throwC are always throwingD have always been throwing答案C659.一Ring me at 5 am? No．better not so early! I ．一I got it．A．will sleep B．sleep C．am sleeping D．wiJl be sleeping 答案D660.Because of the Russian gas limit to Europe, attempts to use botanical fuel as a source of power.A．have made B．having made C．are being made D．will be making答案C661.—Have you finished your essay?—Half when you come back.A．has been done B．is doneC．be done D．will have been done答案 D662.一Why are you so excited，John?—Our class got the first prize in the singing contest at last，which we _______forward to．A．have been looking B．had been lookingC．looked D．had looked答案A663.My stomach me. I thought it was going away，but now it’s getting worse and worse．A．was killing B．is killing C．kills D．killed答案B664.The number of students admitted annually to this school from more thart 2．000 in the year 2.000 to some 3，000 last yeat．A．increases B．has increased C．is increasing D．increased答案B665.Hardly had all the points that the teacher taught down when the bell rang．A．to aken B．taking C．taken D．been taken答案D666.—Isn’t it amazing that I met Francis at the Christmas party?—Really? For how many years ______ each other?A. didn’t you seeB. haven’t you seenC. hadn’t you seenD. don’t you see答案C667.Hollywood star Sharon Stone’s words on Sichuan earthquake ______ her image. Nobody in China ______ her any more.A. destroyed; would likeB. has destroyed; likesC. destroyed; will likeD. had destroyed; liked答案B668.I really 1ike this song as it is often heard______ everywhere in China．A．singing B．sung C．having sung D．to sing答案B669.P1ease stop to have a rest．You ____the washing machine the whole morning,A．have repaired B．were repairingC．have been repaired D．have been repairing答案 D670.Don’t ring me up between 3 and 4．I ______ an important talk with the boss thenA．have had B．have C．would have D．will be having 答案D671.一I like British culture very much，and I once went to London.一How long there?A．did you stay B．have you stayedC．were you staying D．had you stayed答案A672.一This returned Chinese scholar has become one of the top experts in this field.—Yes，I know him very well ,He in Africa with animals for ten years．A has worked B.had worked C．has been working D．worked答案D673.The chief engineer hopes they everything ready before we the project next monthA .will have got ; startB are getting ; startC will be getting ;will startD have got ; shall start答案A674.He got "Jay Chou II" after the singing competition and the name ______ever since.A. was usedB. is usedC. had been usedD. has been used答案D675.It hard now，otherwise we could have a barbecue on the beach.A.rainedB.is rainingC.rainsD.would rain答案 B676.—Why did you leave the water running in the sink?—Heavens!I guess I to turn it off.A.forgotB.have forgottenC.will forgetD.had forgotten答案 A677.None of them the thin girl could keep her end up and came out first in the internationalmarathon.A.have predictedB.would predictC.were predictedD.had predicted678.His father，a famous university professor，who is said to have started his teaching career in Australia，in Nanjing University for more than twenty years.A.has workedB.workedC.is workingD.will work答案 B679.Astronomers more bad news for the former planet Pluto recently.A.had announcedB.have announcedC.were announcedD.are announced答案 B680.—I my son to Laos for sightseeing.—I would rather you didn’t do that，for the bird flu several lives there.A.took;claimedB.am taking;has claimedC.took;had claimedD.will take;claimed答案 B681.—I’m sorry，my mind .What you ?—You are always absent-minded in class.A.am wandering;do;sayB.wandered;had;saidC.wandered;did;sayD.was wandering;did;say答案 D682.—We should get together next week.—Sounds like a plan!I you a call.A.will giveB.would giveC.have given答案 A683.—Gina has a sweet tooth and loves meat more than anything else.—No wonder she weight so fast.A.gainsB.gainedC.had gainedD.isgaining答案 D684.—Have you ever visited the Opera House?—Yes.When I was in Sydney，I it twice.A.have visitedB.visitedC.had visitedD.would visit答案 B685.—Has Ingrid handed in her paper yet?—I’m not sure.She on it last week.A.was workingB.has workedC.workedD.had worked答案 A686.—the baseball match might be put off.—Yes，well，it all depends on the weather.A.I had been toldB.I’ve toldC.I’m to be toldD.I’ve been told答案 D687.Where were you at lunch time? I a seat for you in the dining hall.A.savedB.was savingC.have savedD.had saved688.—I’ve been told that John from his journey to Indis.What about visiting him tonight?—Great.I’ll call for you at 6:30 p.m.A.had come backB.is backC.came backing back答案 B689.—Have you called Mr.Johnson?—Yes，he back before tomorrow noon.So he can attend our meeting on time.A.expectedB.is expectedC.is expectingD.isto expect答案 B690.Some Olympic officials have come to China to see how Beijing for this year’s games.A.preparesB.will prepareC.is being preparedD.isprepared答案 D691.—Where you put my dictionary?—I left it on your desk when you to Tom.A.did;spokeB.have;were speakingC.had;were speakingD.had;spoke答案 B692.—What did you do last Sunday，Peter?—Well，I to see a friend of mine，but in the end I stayed at home doing nothing.A.was goingB.has goneC.wentD.had gone答案 A693.—I seem to have too much trouble with my new work，sir.—I don’t think so.You very well.A.are doingB.will doC.will be doingD.had done答案 A694.—Perhaps an e-pal is someone I make friends with on the Internet.Am I right?—Yes，you it.A.guessedB.were guessingC.have been guessingD.are guessing答案 A695.It’s a custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the mealA.servesB.servedC.is servedD.to be served答案 C696.There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party.You ought to have come，but ?A.why notB.how is it goingC.why didn’t youD.why don’t you答案 C697.—Hurry，Kitty!—Oh，damn!Both my legs are nearly to give out.I for hours like a dog.A.have walkedB.walkedC.have been walkingD.amwalking答案 C698.She ought to stop working.She has a headache because she all day long.A.has been readingB.had readC.is readingD.read答案 A699.Julia became quite cross when Mike up，for she had stood in the rain for half an hour waitingfor him.A.turnedB.would turnC.was turningD.had turned答案 A700.Tian Liang，a famous diver on the Chinese diving team，two Olympic gold medals in fouryears.A.has wonB.will winC.had wonD.won答案 D701.—Sorry to have interrupted you.Please go on.—Then，where was I?—You `you didn’t adapt to the way that the people lived there.A.had saidB.saidC.were sayingD.had been saying答案 C—May I speak to your manager at three o’clock tomorrow afternoon?—I’m sorry.He to Shanghai by then.A.will have flownB.had flownC.can have flownD.has flown答案 A703.The dustmen will continue strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.A.didB./C.hadD.would答案 B704.—Mr.Black this week?—No.He is on holiday.A.Has;workedB.Does;workC.Did;workD.Is;working答案 D705.World War Ⅱwhen Anthony started school in 1942.A.had been foughtB.was fightingC.was being foughtD.was fought答案 C706.They met one day in college while she was reading a book in the library and he downbeside her.A.was sittingB.satC.had sitD.sits答案 BI in a foreign trade company for five years.Still，I don’t regret having given up thewell-paid post.A.workedB.have workedC.was workingD.had worked答案 A708.Kobe Bryant hopes to play for the Chicago Bulls，but so far the two teams to a trade.A.didn’t agreeB.don’t agreeC.haven’t agreedD.hadn’t agreed答案 C709.—Have you completed the project?—I’m sorry to tell you that we it when we found how much it .A.have abandoned;costsB.abandoned;costC.had abandoned;costD.abandoned;would cost答案 D710.When you arrive，I in reception for you.A.waitB.am waitingC.am going to waitD.will be waiting答案 D711.—Where is your new home now?—In the new developed zone.But I downtown for five years.A.have livedB.had livedC.livedD.was living答案 CMr.Alcott told me that four fifths of the houses .A.have been sold outB.had been sold outB.were sold out D.was sold out答案 B713.The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small black box which placed underthe minister’s car.A.has beenB.was beingC.had beenD.would be答案 C714.—How’s that? Who broke the glass?—Well，it me.I was doing my homework the whole evening.A.hasn’t beenB.hadn’t beenC.weren’tD.wasn’t答案 D715.He was on stage many times.Today，however，he isn’t as calm as he .A.grewB.stayedC.appearedD.became答案 C716.—Did you tell Julia about the result?—Oh，no，I forgot.I her now.A.am going to callB.will callC.callD.am to call答案 B717.—Did you finish your project，Marie?—No.I was going to type it out but I visitors.A.hadB.haveC.have hadD.will have答案 A718.Little Tony is generally healthy，but every now and then he a cold.A.has caughtB.is catchingC.will catchD.catches答案 D719.—Late again! Where ？—Sorry，I in the heavy traffic，or I would have been here earlier.A.were you;have got stuckB.have you been;have got stuckC.were you;got stuckD.have you been;got stuck答案 D。
广东省天河区2016届高考英语二轮复习语法精讲精炼状语从句02
状语从句精讲精炼02八、结果状语从句1.常用的引导词有that （结果，以至），so that （结果，以至），so...that （如此……以至）,such...that （如此……以至）等。
如：The temperature is increased so that the volume of gas becomes greater.温度升高了气体的体积就增大了。
The mountain is so high that she can’t climb it up to the top.那座山太高了，她无法登上山顶。
It is such a lovely day that everybody feels happy and gay.天气这么好，人人都感到高兴、快乐。
注：1)so...that 和such...that 都是引导结果状语从句的从属连词，它们都表示“如此……以至”，但其要求的句型结构不一样。
⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧从句 ＋名词＋＋从句＋可数名词单数形式＋＋形容词＋从句副词＋＋形容词that few/little many/much/so that a/an so that /so ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧从句＋名词＋＋从句不可数名词＋式＋形容词＋复数名词形从句数形式＋＋形容词＋可数名词单＋that of of/lots lot a such that /such that a/an such如：He ran so fast that his brother couldn’t catch up with him.他跑得太快了，他弟弟赶不上他。
He is such a naughty boy that he becomes unwelcome in his neighborhood.他是那么个调皮的孩子，以至在邻里中不受欢迎。
She looks so lovely that everybody can’t help taking a look at her when passing her by.她生得太可爱了，从她身边经过的人都忍不住要看她一眼。
广东省天河区2016届高考英语二轮复习语法精讲精炼动词与动词短语02
动词与动词短语精讲精炼02十一､感官使役动词类这类动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的时候,表示动作已经完成或表示动作的全过程;后接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语时,表示动作正在进行,后接过去分词时表示一个被动动作已经完成｡但在被动结构中作主语补足语的动词不定式要带to｡这类动词有see, look at, watch, notic, observe, hear, feel, listen to, make, let等｡例如:I saw two boys playing football on the playground.We often heard this song sung by our students after class.When I stayed at home, I often made my little brother cry, but last week, I was made to cry by my little brother.十二､系动词类能用作系动词的词后面常接形容词或名词作表语,此时动词没有进行时态和被动语态｡这类动词有be, appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste, prove, remain, smell, grow, turn, go, come, run, fall, make, remain, continue, stand, lie, sit, exist等｡例如:This roasted duck looks good and smells delicious.On hearing the news he looked sad and he looked at me sadly.My brother remained silent all time at the meeting.The speech he made proved disappointing.十三､后接动名词作宾语的动词类此类动词及短语动词后面接动名词作宾语｡这类动词和短语动词有mind, risk, avoid, enjoy, escape, keep, suggest, appreciate, practise, delay, finish, forbid, deny, feel like, look forward to, can't help, keep(on), miss, be used to, excuse, be worth, imagine, put off, give up等｡例如:He is considering finishing pratising playing the notes in order not to disturb others.The tiger escaped being killed by the hunter.十四､后接动词不定式作宾语的动词类这类动词后面常接动词不定式作宾语｡它们有afford, agree, aim, arrange, ask, choose,decide, demand, determine, expect, refuse, wish, hope, order, promise, pretend, offer, happen, seem, make up one's mind, used, be about, be able, have等｡例如: She pretended not to see me when I passed by.My father earns a low salary every month, so he can't afford to buy such an expensive car.十五､后面既可接动词不定式又可接动名词的动词类这类动词的后面既可接动词不定式又可接动名词｡其中区别不大的有begin, continue, like, love, prefer, start, hate｡意义有明显区别的有try to do(努力做), try doing(试着做), mean to do(打算), mean doing(意味着做), can't help doing(忍不住做), can't help to do(不能帮助做), remember doing(记得做过), remember to do(记住去做), regret doing (后悔做过), forget to do(忘记去做), forget doing(忘记做过), stop to do sth(停下正做的事去做另外一件事), stop doing sth(停止正在做的事), go on to do sth(接着做另一件事), go on doing sth(继续做某事)｡例如:I am too busy today, so I can't help to wash the dishes. 今天太忙,我不能帮助刷盘子了｡Hearing the story, I can't help laughing heartily. 听到这个故事,我情不自禁地笑了起来｡十六､表示“需要”意义的动词类这类动词后面既可以直接接动名词,也可接动词不定式的被动式,但二者均可表示被动含义｡这类动词有need, want, require, deserve等｡例如:The new teaching building needs painting. (= The new teaching building needs to be painted.)Your suggestion deserves reconsidering. (= Your suggestion deserves to be reconsidered.)十七､用在虚拟语气中的动词类表示应该(或规劝､命令､建议､要求)等意义的动词后面,宾语从句中的谓语动词要用“should + 动词原形”的形式,其中should常常可以省略｡这类动词有order, suggest, insist, advise, command, demand, require等｡例如:Captain Cook commanded his men (should) jump into the sea.The police required that I (should) turn up.十八､用主动形式表示被动意义的动词类这类动词常用主动形式表示被动的意义,其后常跟副词well, easily, poorly, 用来说明主语的特点､性质或状态等｡这类动词有break, burn, cook, cut, drive, eat, iron, keep, play, sell, last, open, shut, wear, wash, write, translate, print, run, read, operate 等｡例如:The clothes my mother bought for me last year washed well.The pen writes smoothly.十九､不能用于被动语态和进行时的动词类这类动词不能用于被动语态,它们用作谓语动词时,也不能用于进行时｡这类动词(短语)有become, cost, have, last, hold(容纳), fit, stand(忍受), suit, belong to, consist, exist, depend, happen, take place, run out(用完), break out, give out(耗尽), go out(熄灭), burst forth(突然爆发)等｡例如:The car in the garage belongs to my elder brother.The chair gave out under the fat man.The fuel ran out on the way.二十､后接反身代词作宾语的动词类这类动词后面常接反身代词作宾语｡它们有enjoy, seat, present, teach, help, devote, call, find, force等｡例如:He taught himself law when free and devoted himself to teaching.He devoted himself to the revolution many years ago.The boy called himself a fool when he was told to leave the garden.短语动词是高考考查的一个热点，分析近年高考试题可知，高考对动词短语的考查主要有以下几个方式。
广东省天河区2016届高考英语二轮复习语法精讲精炼it用法02
it用法精讲精炼02【考点诠释】考点 it的用法在英语中，运用it的场合较多。
从它在句中的作用和意义来看，it的用法可分为三类：1．指代作用(1)用作人称代词，代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物(单数可数名词或不可数名词)。
如：Although we cannot see it，there is air all around us．虽然我们看不见空气，但它却在我们的周围。
(2)代替前面的整个句子。
如：It is said that he has died of a disease，but it isn’t true．据说他已经病死了，但这不是真的。
(3)用在答语中代替指示代词this，that。
如：一What is this?这是什么?一It’s a bike．是自行车。
(4)代替不能或没有必要区分性别的或某些习惯说法中的人。
如：①The baby cried because it Was hungry．婴儿哭是因为饿了。
(婴儿习惯上不区分性别)②一Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门?一It’s me．是我o(5)指环境、情形等。
如：①I can’t stand it any longer．我再也不能容忍这种情况了。
②Take it easy．别紧张。
③It doesn’t matter．没关系。
(6)指度量衡单位、时间、距离、季节、天气及自然现象。
如：①It’s getting colder and colder now．现在越来越冷了。
②It is winter now．现在是冬天了。
2．形式作用(1)形式主语当动词不定式、v.ing形式或从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语之后，而用it作句子的形式主语。
如：(I)It’s no use crying over spilt milk．[谚]覆水难收。
②It takes three generations to make a gentleman．[谚]十年树木，百年树人。
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情景交际精讲精炼026.—The trip shouldn’t take more than an hour.—_______.Tt is at least two hours.A. I guess soB. That’s itC. You must be jokingD. It depeds【答案】C【考点】考查交际用语。
【解析】A项意思是：我想是这样；B项意思是：就是它；C项意思是：你一定在开玩笑；D 项意思是：看情况。
题干中前一分句意思是：旅行不该超过一小时。
而应答句的后一分句意思是：至少两小时了，根据情景选C。
7. ---Try not to work yourself too hard. Take it easy.--- Thanks. _________A. So what?B. No wayC. What for?D. You， too.【答案】D【解析】此处So what? 那又怎么样呢？No way没门儿；What for?为什么； You， too.你也是。
句意：---不要让自己太累了。
放松点儿。
---谢谢。
你也是。
【考点】考查情景对话。
8. ---What shall we do tonight then?---_________--whatever you want.A. Help yourselfB. It’s a dealC. No problemD. It’s up to you【答案】D【解析】此处Help yourself 你自己来；It’s a deal 一言为定，成交； No problem没问题；It’s up to you由你决定。
句意：---我们今晚干什么呢？---由你决定。
你想做什么就做什么。
【考点】考查情景对话。
9. ---You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don’t.---__________. Confidence is really important.【D】A.It’s not my cup of teaB.That’s not the pointC. I don’t think soD. I couldn’t agree more10. ---Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. Johnson?---__________. I can manage without you.【D】A.Forget itB. I’m afraid notC. It dependsD. Of course11. ---Which one of these do you want?--- . Either will do .A. I don't mindB. I'm sureC. No problemD. Go ahead【答案】A【解析】此处I don't mind我不介意； I'm sure我确信；No problem 没问题；Go ahead 继续做…。
句意：---你想要这些中的那一个？---我不在乎。
任何一个都行。
【考点】考查情景对话。
12. —Sorry I’m late. I got stuck in traffic.—_________. You’re here now. Come in a nd sit down.A. You are welcomeB. That’s rightC. I have no ideaD. Never mind【答案】D【解析】此处you are welcome不用谢；I have no idea我不知道；that’s right那是正确的； never mind不介意，没关系。
句意：---对不起，我迟到了。
我遇到了交通堵塞。
---没关系，你现在到了。
进来请坐。
根据语意选D。
【考点】考查交际用语。
13. —What are you going to do this weekend?一 . If time permits, I may go to Shanghai with my friends.A. Don’t mention itB. It doesn’t matterC. Forget itD. It depends【考点】交际用语—征求意见或看法【答案】D【解析】根据题中的语境，特别是答语的后半部分“If time permits”，可知“看情况决定”选择故选择A项“It depends”，表示同意，其它选项不合题意。
本题比较容易。
14. You had better________ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.A. set asideB. take upC. put awayD. give out【考点】考查动词短语辨析【答案】A【解析】根据后半句so that you can keep yourself energetic可知上半句应该是建议对方要多留出时间进行运动，set aside“留出，拨出” ；take up“占据，从事“；put away“收拾好”give out“发出，分发”，根据句意只能选择A项。
15. — I'm going to San Francisco for a couple of days.—___ . I wish I could get away for a while.A. It doesn't matterB. Forget itC. I really envy youD. I can't agree more【考点】交际用语—征求意见或看法【答案】C【解析】根据句意：---我要去圣弗朗西斯科几天。
---真羡慕你（I really envy you）。
我多么希望我也可以离开一会儿呀。
与I wish相呼应，故答案C符合语境。
It doesn’t matter ，没有关系；forget it别提了；I cant agree more完全赞同，均不符合语境，故排除。
16. — Is there anything else to discuss?—_____________. I guess.A. Not at allB. No, that's allC. Yes, I'm sureD. Yea, of course【考点】交际用语—征求意见或看法【答案】B【解析】根据句意：---还有其他事要讨论吗？---没有，就这么多（no, that’s all），我想。
故选答案B。
not at all一点儿也不；yes, I’m sure是的，我确定；yes, of course 是的，当然，均是答非所问，不合题意，故排除。
17. — Honey, the cats stuck in the tr ee. Can you turn off the TV and get a ladder…?—Oh, it jumped off. ___ .A. Never mindB. All rightC. No problemD. Take care【考点】交际用语—安慰【答案】A【解析】A项意为“别介意，别放在心上”，。
B项意为“好吧”；C项意为“没问题”；D项意为“当心”。
句意为：亲爱的，那只猫被困在树上。
你可以关电视，拿梯子……？——哦，它会跳下来。
别放在心上。
根据上面是在担心，故后面是安慰，故选A项。
18. ---Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.---_______! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.A. What a reliefB. CongratulationsC. How surprisingD. I'm so sorry 【考点】交际用语—安慰【答案】A【解析】句意为：——妈妈，别担心。
医生说只是流感。
——我可以松口气了。
我要告诉爸爸没有什么严重的。
A项意为“可以松口气了”，符合语境。
B项意为“祝贺”；C项意为“多么令人惊讶啊”；D项意为“我很抱歉”。
根据句意，应选A项。
19. —I love the Internet. I've come to know many friends on the Net.— . Few of them would become your real friends.A. That’s for sureB. It’s not the c aseC. I couldn't agree moreD. I’m pleased to know that【答案】B【解析】选择B是正确的。
后面的句子告诉我们：应答者是持有否定态度的。
A、C、D都是持肯定态度的。
【考点】考查交际用语。
20.——May I help you? You seem to be having some problems.—— , thanks. I think I can manage.A. All rightB. No problemC. It’all rightD. There’s no way【答案】C【解析】你说的对。
但是谢谢你的好意，我自己可以解决。
【考点】交际用语。
21. —So you missed the lecture given by the famous professor.— . I got there 10 minutes before it finished.A．Not at all B．Not exactly C．Not especially D．Not really 【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。
由答语的第二句“I got there 10 minutes before it finished”，可以看出答话者认为对方所说的“you missed the lecture”，不完全正确，所以用not exactly。
22.-- Are you glad to hear from her?一Of course. _______I dreamed about her several nights.A. What's moreB. That is to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not【答案】D【解析】考查情景对话。