MATLAB指令集
matlab指令集
Matlab命令汇总一、常用对象操作：除了一般windows窗口的常用功能键外。
1、!dir 可以查看当前工作目录的文件。
!dir& 可以在dos状态下查看。
2、who 可以查看当前工作空间变量名，whos 可以查看变量名细节。
3、功能键：功能键快捷键说明方向上键Ctrl+P 返回前一行输入方向下键Ctrl+N 返回下一行输入方向左键Ctrl+B 光标向后移一个字符方向右键Ctrl+F 光标向前移一个字符Ctrl+方向右键Ctrl+R 光标向右移一个字符Ctrl+方向左键Ctrl+L 光标向左移一个字符home Ctrl+A 光标移到行首End Ctrl+E 光标移到行尾Esc Ctrl+U 清除一行Del Ctrl+D 清除光标所在的字符Backspace Ctrl+H 删除光标前一个字符Ctrl+K 删除到行尾Ctrl+C 中断正在执行的命令4、clc可以命令窗口显示的内容，但并不清除工作空间。
二、函数及运算1、运算符：＋：加，－：减，*：乘，/：除，\：左除^：幂，‘：复数的共轭转置，（）：制定运算顺序。
2、常用函数表：sin( ) 正弦（变量为弧度）Cot( ) 余切（变量为弧度）sind( ) 正弦（变量为度数）Cotd( ) 余切（变量为度数）asin( ) 反正弦（返回弧度）acot( ) 反余切（返回弧度）Asind( ) 反正弦（返回度数）acotd( ) 反余切（返回度数）cos( ) 余弦（变量为弧度）exp( ) 指数cosd( ) 余弦（变量为度数）log( ) 对数acos( ) 余正弦（返回弧度）log10( ) 以10为底对数acosd( ) 余正弦（返回度数）sqrt( ) 开方tan( ) 正切（变量为弧度）realsqrt( ) 返回非负根tand( ) 正切（变量为度数）abs( ) 取绝对值atan( ) 反正切（返回弧度）angle( ) 返回复数的相位角atand( ) 反正切（返回度数）mod(x,y) 返回x/y的余数sum( ) 向量元素求和3、其余函数可以用help elfun和help specfun命令获得。
matlab常用指令
matlab常用指令1. **基本数学运算**：+ `+`：加+ `-`：减+ `*`：乘+ `/`：除+ `^`：次方2. **矩阵和向量操作**：+ `eye(n)`：创建 n×n 单位矩阵+ `ones(n)`：创建 n×n 全 1 矩阵+ `zeros(n)`：创建 n×n 全 0 矩阵+ `A * B`：矩阵乘法+ `A\B`：矩阵求逆+ `size(A)`：获取矩阵 A 的大小+ `length(v)`：获取向量 v 的长度3. **绘图指令**：+ `plot(x, y)`：绘制 x 对 y 的曲线+ `subplot(m, n, p)`：创建 m×n 子图，并选择第 p 个子图 + `title('')`：设置图形标题+ `xlabel('')`：设置 x 轴标签+ `ylabel('')`：设置 y 轴标签+ `legend('')`：添加图例4. **数据分析**：+ `mean(x)`：计算向量 x 的平均值+ `std(x)`：计算向量 x 的标准差+ `sort(x)`：对向量 x 进行排序+ `max(x)`：找出向量 x 中的最大值+ `min(x)`：找出向量 x 中的最小值5. **文件操作**：+ `load('file.mat')`：加载 MAT 文件+ `save('file.mat', A)`：将矩阵 A 保存到 MAT 文件+ `fopen('file.txt', 'r')`：以只读方式打开文本文件+ `fscanf(fid, '%f', [n, m])`：从文件中读取数据并存储在矩阵中这只是 MATLAB 中一些常用指令的一小部分，MATLAB 提供了广泛的功能和指令，可以满足各种数学计算、数据分析和可视化需求。
matable常用指令集
matable常用指令集ABS absolute values, modulus, and ASCII code values of characters ACOS inverse cosineAcosh inverse hyperbolic cosineAcot arccotAcoth inverse cotangentACSC arccscAcsch inverse cosecantAlign starts the graphic object geometry location toolAll all elements are nonzero and trueAngle phase angleDefault variable name for the result of the ANS expression calculationAny all elements are not whole zero to be trueArea surface area graphArgnames function M file quantity nameASEC cut anywayAsech inverse hyperbolic secantAsin anti sineAsinh inverse hyperbolic sineAssignin assign values to variablesAtan tangentAtan2 four quadrant inverse tangentAtanh inverse hyperbolic tangentAutumn red, yellow and autumn sceneryAxes creates low-level instructions for axis objectsThe axis controls the axis, scale, and style of the high-level instructionsBBar two-dimensional histogramBar3 3D histogramBar3h 3D horizontal histogramBarh two-dimensional horizontal histogramBase2dec X decimal to decimalBIN2DEC binary to decimalBlanks creates a string of spacesBone blue black and white color map arrayBox frame coordinate axisBreak, while, or for ring interrupt instructionBrighten brightness controlCCapture the current graphics before capture (version 3)Cart2pol rectangular coordinates change to polar or cylindrical coordinatesCart2sph rectangular coordinates into spherical coordinates Cat string into a high dimensional arrayCaxis color scale calibrationCD specifies the current directoryCdedit starts the user menu, the control callback function design toolCdf2rdf complex eigenvalue diagonal matrix turns into real block diagonal matrixCeil rounding toward positive infinityCell creates a cell arrayThe cell2struct cell array is converted to an array of frames Celldisp shows the contents of the cell arrayInternal structure diagram of cellplot cell arrayChar converts values, symbols, and inline classes to character objectsCumulative probability function of chi2cdf distributionInverse cumulative probability function of chi2inv distribution Chi2pdf distribution probability density functionChi2rnd distribution random number generatorChol Cholesky decompositionClabel equipotential line identifierCLA clears the current axisClass learns object categories or creates objectsCLC clear instruction windowClear clears memory variables and functionsCLF clear drawing objectsClock clockColorcube three color crossed color map matrixColordef sets color default valuesColormap color chartThe base of a colspace column spaceClose closes the specified windowColperm column sort permutation vectorComet comet like trajectory mapComet3 3D comet trajectory mapCompass ray mapCompose for composite functionsCond (inverse) condition numberCondeig calculates eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and gives the condition numberCondest van -1 conditional number estimationConj complex conjugateContour equipotential lineContourf coloring equipotential lineContour3 three-dimensional equipotential lineContourslice 4D slice equipotential line mapMultiplicative and convolution of conv polynomialsCool cool black and blue picturesCopper bronze toning chartCos cosine双曲余弦双曲余弦床余切又称双曲余切cplxpair复数共轭成对排列中信建投余割双曲余割双曲余割元素累计和Cumsumcumtrapz累计梯形积分缸创建圆柱Ddblquad二重数值积分交易分配宗量deblank删去串尾部的空格符dec2base十进制转换为X进制dec2bin十进制转换为二进制dec2hex十进制转换为十六进制deconv多项式除、解卷Delaunay三角三角剖分del2离散拉普拉斯差分matlab演示演示挪威行列式诊断矩阵对角元素提取、创建对角阵MATLAB指令窗文本内容记录日记不同的数值差分、符号微分数字符号计算中设置符号数值的精度你目录列表显示显示数组显示显示对象内容的重载函数dlinmod离散系统的线性化模型dmperm矩阵Dulmage门德尔松分解DOS执行DOS指令并返回结果双把其他类型对象转换为双精度数值刷新屏幕更新事件队列强迫MATLAB刷新屏幕符号计算解微分方程DSOLVEE我文件被执行指令的显示回声编辑启动M文件编辑器本求特征值和特征向量eigs求指定的几个特征值对于等结构体的结尾元素下标端控制流EPS浮点相对精度错误显示出错信息并中断执行错误发生后程序是否继续执行的控制ErrorTrap ERF误差函数误差补函数erfcerfcx刻度误差补函数erfinv逆误差函数误差线带误差限的曲线图etreeplot画消去树eval串演算指令evalin跨空间串演算指令存在检查变量或函数是否已定义出口退出MATLAB环境口指数函数扩大符号计算中的展开操作expint指数积分函数expm常用矩阵指数函数expm1 Pade法求矩阵指数泰勒法求矩阵指数expm2expm3特征值分解法求矩阵指数眼单位阵ezcontour画等位线的简捷指令ezcontourf画填色等位线的简捷指令ezgraph3画表面图的通用简捷指令ezmesh画网线图的简捷指令ezmeshc画带等位线的网线图的简捷指令ezplot画二维曲线的简捷指令ezplot3画三维曲线的简捷指令ezpolar画极坐标图的简捷指令ezsurf画表面图的简捷指令ezsurfc画带等位线的表面图的简捷指令F因子符号计算的因式分解羽毛羽毛图反馈反馈连接费瓦执行由串指定的函数离散变换傅里叶变换二维离散傅里叶变换fft2Fftn high dimensional discrete Fourier transformSpectrum of fftshift DC component alignmentFieldnames framework domain nameFigure creates graphical windowsFill3 3D polygon color mapFind looking for nonzero element indexFindobj looks for the object graph handle with the specified attributeFindstr looks for initial characters for short stringsThe findsym machine determines the symbolic variables in memory Inverse function in Finverse symbolic computationFix rounded to zeroFlag red blue black color chart staggered arrayThe left and right flip of the fliplr matrixFlip up and down the flipud matrixThe flipdim matrix is flipped along the specified dimensionThe floor negative infinite integralFlops floating-point arithmetic timesPresentation data provided by flow MatlabFmin finding the minimum point of a single variable nonlinear function (old version)Fminbnd to find the minimum point of a nonlinear function of a single variableFmins uses the simplex variable function minima (old version) Fminunc quasi Newton method variable function minimum pointFminsearch uses the simplex variable function minimaDerivation of spline function by fnderFnint uses spline functions to obtain integralsFnval calculates the value of any point in the spline function Fnplt draw spline function graphFopen open external fileFor constitutes the for ringFormat set output formatFourier Fourier transformFplot drawing instructionsFprintf settings display formatFREAD reads binary data from a fileFsolve for the zeros of multivariate functionsFull transforms sparse matrices into non sparse matricesFunm calculates general matrix functionsFuntool function calculator graphical user interfaceFzero for the zeros of nonlinear functions of a single variableGGamma functionGammainc incomplete functionThe logarithm of the gammaln functionGCA gets the current axis handleGcbo gets the object handle that is executing the callback GCF gets the handle of the current graph objectGCO gets the current object handleGeomean geometric meanGet learns object propertiesGetfield learns the domain of the frame arrayGetframe gets the frame screen for the movieGinput gets data from the graphical windowGlobal defines global variablesAccording to the study of the principle of drawing gplot Gradient approximation gradientGray black and white grayscaleGrid sub gridGriddata regularization data and surface fittingGtext place annotation text by mouseGuide starts graphical user interface interactive design tools HHarmmean harmonic meanHelp online helpHelpwin interactive online helpHelpdesk opens hypertext User GuideHEX2DEC sixteen decimal to decimalHex2num sixteen hexadecimal converted to floating-point numbers Hidden fluoroscopy and blanking switchHilb Hilbert matrixHist frequency calculation or frequency histogramHistc endpoint location frequency histogramFrequency histograms of histfit with normal fittingSwitch hold map redraw the currentHorner decomposes into nested formFigure hot black whiteHSV saturation color diagramIIf-else-elseif conditional branching structureIFFT discrete Fourier inverse transformIfft2 two dimensional discrete Fourier inverse transformIfftn high dimensional discrete Fourier inverse transformThe inverse operation of the spectrum in the ifftshift DC component pairIfourier Fourier inverse transformI, J, default dummy unit variableIlaplace Laplace inverse transformImag complex imaginary partImage display imageImagesc displays brightness imagesImfinfo get graphic file informationImread reads images from filesImwrite putImwrite writes images into documentsInd2sub single subscript is converted to multi index Inf infinityInfo MathWorks company addressInline constructs inline function objectsInmem lists the name of the function in memoryInput prompts the user for inputInputname enter the quantum nameInt Symbolic IntegrationInt2str converts an integer array into a string array Interp1 one-dimensional interpolationInterp2 two-dimensional interpolationInterp3 3D interpolationInterpn N dimensional interpolationInterpft uses FFT interpolationIntro Matlab comes with an entry GuideInv inverse matrixExact inverse of invhilb Hilbert matrixIpermute generalized inverse transpositionIsa tests whether objects of the given class are givenIschar is true if it is a stringIsequal is true if two arrays are the sameIsempty is true if it is emptyIsfinite if all elements are finite, then trueIsfield is true if the domain is constructedIsglobal is true if the global variable is trueIshandle is true if it is a graphical handleIshold true if the current graph is in reserveIsieee if the computer executes the IEEE rule, that's true Isinf is true if it is infiniteIsletter if the English alphabet is trueIslogical is true if it is a logical arrayDoes the ismember check belong to the specified set? IsNaN if the non number is trueIsNumeric is true if it is an array of valuesIsobject is true if it is an objectIsprime is true if the prime number is trueIsreal is true if it is realIsspace if the space is trueIssparse is true if the sparse matrix is trueIsstruct if the framework is trueIsstudent if Matlab, student edition is trueIztrans symbolic computation, Z inverse transformJ, KJacobian matrix in Jacobian symbolic computationJet blue head, red tail, saturated colorJordan standard type is obtained in Jordan symbolic computation The keyboard keyboard gains controlAn array generated by the Kron Kronecker multiplication ruleLLaplace Laplace transformLasterr displays the latest error messagesLastwarn displays the latest alert informationLeastsq solving nonlinear least squares problems (old edition) Legend graphic legendLighting lighting modeLine creates line objectsLines uses plot to draw line colorLinmod obtains a linearized model of the continuous system Linmod2 gets linearized model of continuous systemLinspace linear equal vectorNatural logarithm of LN matrixLoad reads variables from the MAT fileLog natural logarithmLog10 common logarithmLog2 is the logarithm of 2Loglog double logarithmic scale graphicsLogm matrix logarithmLogspace logarithmic index vectorLookfor searches the M file by keywordLower converts to lowercase lettersLsqnonlin solving nonlinear least squares problemsLu LU decompositionMMad mean absolute deviationMagic magic cubeMaple, &nb, sp; operates Maple format instructionsMat2str converts a numeric array into an array of input morphological stringsMaterial material reflection modeMax looks for the largest element in the vectorMbuild generates a preset instruction for the EXE file compilation environmentMCC creates compiler directives for MEX or EXE filesMean to find the mean of vector elementsMedian medianMenuedit starts the interactive editing tool for designing user menusMesh net diagramMeshz screen meshMeshgrid produces a lattice matrixMethods learned all the method functions defined for the specified classMex generates a preset instruction for the MEX file compilation environmentMfunlis list of MAPLE classical functions that can be computed by mfunMhelp leads Maple's online helpMin find the smallest element in the vectorMKDIR create directoryThe clarity of mkpp piecewise polynomial dataMod modular operationPagination display of contents in more instruction windowMovie shows film animationMoviein video frame picture memory presetMtaylor symbolic computation; multivariable Taylor seriesexpansionNNdims for array dimensionNaN non number (predefined) variablesNargchk input quantum validationNargin function input argumentsNargout function output argumentsNdgrid has high dimensional lattice matrixNewplot prepares the new default diagram, axisNextpow2 takes the nearest larger 2 powerThe total number of nonzero elements of the nnz matrixNonzero elements of the nonzeros matrixNorm matrix or vector normNormcdf normal distribution cumulative probability density function Normest estimation of matrix 2 normNorminv normal distribution; inverse cumulative probability density functionNormpdf normal distribution probability density functionNormrnd normal random number generatorNotebook starts the integration environment for Matlab and Word Null null spaceNum2str converts a non integer array into a stringNumden obtains the lowest common denominator and thecorresponding molecular expressionNzmax specifies the memory needed to store nonzero elementsOOde1 non Stiff differential equation variable step solverOde15s Stiff differential equation variable step solverOde23t moderately Stiff differential equation solverOde23tb Stiff differential equation solverOde45 non Stiff differential equation variable step solverOdefile ODE file templateOdeget is informed of the ODE options and sets parametersTwo dimensional phase plane diagram of odephas2 ODE output function Three dimensional phase space diagram of odephas3 ODE outputfunctionTime trajectory diagram of odeplot ODE output functionOdeprint displays the results in the Matlab instruction windowOdeset creates or overwrites the ODE options schema parametervalueOnes all 1 arrayOptimset creates or overwrites the optional parameter values for optimizing functional instructionsOrient sets the way the graphics are emittedOrth valued space orthogonalizationPPack collects Matlab memory fragments and expands memoryPagedlg brings up the graphical layout dialog boxPatch creates block objectsPath sets the instruction for the Matlab search pathPathtool search path managerPause pausePcode creates a pre interpreted P code filePcolor pseudo colorTypical 3D surfaces provided by peaks MatlabPermute generalized transposePI (predefined variables).Pie two-dimensional pie chartPie3 3D pie chartPink pink graph matrixPINV pseudo inversePlot plane line diagramPlot3 3D line graphScatter diagram of plotmatrix matrixPlotyy double ordinate mapPoissinv Poisson distribution inverse cumulative probability distribution functionPoissrnd Poisson distribution random number generatorPol2cart polar or cylindrical coordinates are converted into Cartesian coordinatesPolar polar diagramThe corresponding polynomial of characteristic polynomial and root set of poly matrixPoly2str displays polynomials in a habitual wayPoly2sym double precision polynomial coefficients are transformed into vector symbolic polynomialsPolyder polynomial derivativePolynomial fitting of polyfit dataPolyval calculates the value of a polynomialPolyvalm computing matrix polynomialPower of pow2 2Ppval computing piecewise polynomialPretty displays symbolic expressions in a habitual way Print print graphics or SIMULINK modelPrintsys displays rational fractions in a customary way Prism spectral color map matrixProcread transport calculation program to MAPLEProfile function file performance evaluatorPropedit graphical object property editorPWD displays the current working directoryQQuad Low order method for numerical integration Numerical calculation of high-order quad8 (QUADL)Quit launches Matlab environmentQuiver two-dimensional directional arrowQuiver3 arrow in 3D directionRRand produces uniformly distributed random numbers Randn produces normally distributed random numbers Randperm random permutation vectorRange sample rangeRank of rank matrixRats rational outputRcond matrix, inverse condition, estimationThe real part of the plural of realReallog calculates the natural logarithm in the real fieldRealpow in the real domain computing powerRealsqrt calculates the square root in the real fieldRealmax maximum positive floating point numberRealmin minimum positive floating point numberRectangle draw a rectangular box"REM for remainderRepmat laying module arrayReshape changes array dimensions and sizesResidue partial fraction expansionReturn returnsRibbon draws the two-dimensional curve into a three-dimensional color chartRmfield delete the field of the frameRoots seeks the root of a polynomialRose number sectorial graphThe rot90 matrix rotates 90 degreesRotate specifies the origin and direction of rotationRotate3d starts the interactive settings feature of the 3D graphics viewRound rounding up the nearest integerThe rref simplified matrix is of trapezoid formRsf2csf real block diagonal matrix is transformed into complex eigenvalue diagonal matrixrsums riemann和ssave 把内存变量保存为文件scatter 散点图scatter3 三维散点图sec 正割sech 双曲正割semilogx x轴对数刻度坐标图semilogy y轴对数刻度坐标图series 串联连接set 设置图形对象属性setfield 设置构架数组的域setstr 将ascii码转换为字符的旧版指令sign 根据符号取值函数符号计算中的符号取值函数 operationsim 运行simulink模型simget 获取simulink模型设置的仿真参数simple 寻找最短形式的符号解help 符号计算中进行简化操作simset 对simulink模型的仿真参数进行设置simulink 启动simulink模块库浏览器sin 正弦one 双曲正弦size 矩阵的大小slice 立体切片图solve 求代数方程的符号解spalloc 为非零元素配置内存sparse 创建稀疏矩阵spconvert 把外部数据转换为稀疏矩阵spdiags 稀疏对角阵spfun 求非零元素的函数值sph2cart 球坐标变为直角坐标sphere 产生球面spinmap 色图彩色的周期变化spline 样条插值spones 用1置换非零元素sprandsym 稀疏随机对称阵sprank 结构秩spring 紫黄调春色图sprintf 把格式数据写成串spy 画稀疏结构图sqrt 平方根sqrtm 方根矩阵squeeze 删去大小为1的 "孤维"按指定格式读串 sscanfstairs 阶梯图std 标准差stem 二维杆图step 阶跃响应指令str2double 串转换为双精度值str2mat 创建多行串数组str2num 串转换为数strcat 接成长串串比较 strcmpstrjust 串对齐strmatch 搜索指定串串中前若干字符比较 strncmp() strrep 串替换while the 寻找第一间隔符前的内容struct 创建构架数组struct2cell 把构架转换为元胞数组strvcat 创建多行串数组sub2ind 多下标转换为单下标subexpr 通过子表达式重写符号对象subplot 创建子图符号计算中的符号变量置换 subs 两子空间夹角 subspacesum 元素和summer 绿黄调夏色图superiorto 设定优先级surf 三维着色表面图surface 创建面对象surfc 带等位线的表面图surfl 带光照的三维表面图surfnorm 空间表面的法线svd 奇异值分解svds 求指定的若干奇异值switch case otherwise 多分支结构sym2poly 符号多项式转变为双精度多项式系数向量symmmd 对称最小度排序symrcm 反向cuthill - mckee排序创建多个符号对象 symstTan tangentTanh hyperbolic tangentTaylortool interactive interface for Taylor approximation analysis Text text annotationTF creates transfer function objectsTic start timerTitle nameTOC turn off timerTrapz trapezoidal method, numerical integrationTreelayout expand trees and forestsTreeplot draw tree diagramTril lower triangular arrayTrim for system balance pointTrimesh irregular grid line graphTrisurf irregular grid surface graph triu, triangular array, try-catch control flow, Try-catch structure, type display, M file UUicontextmenu create live menuUicontrol creates user controlsUIMENU create user menuAnti - clarity of unmkpp piecewise polynomial dataUnwrap natural phase angleUpper converts to uppercase lettersVVar varianceVarargin variable length inputVarargout variable length outputVectorize makes string expressions or inline functionssuitable for Array OperationsAccess to ver version informationVisual angle control of view 3D graphicsVoronoi Voronoi polygonVPA arbitrary precision (symbol class) valueWWarning displays warning messagesWhat lists the files on the current directoryWhatsnew displays the contents of the Readme file in MatlabWhich determines the location of the function and file While ring structure in while control flowWhite all white graph matrixWhitebg specifies the background color of the axisWho lists the variable names in memoryWhos lists detailed information about variables in memory Winter blue and green winter color chartWorkspace boot memory browserX, Y, ZXlabel X axis nameXOR or non logicYesinput intelligent input instructionYlabel Y axis nameZeros all zero arrayZlabel Z axis nameZoom zoom in and zoom out of zoom graphicsZtrans symbolic computation, Z transform。
matlab基本命令
matlab基本命令
1. clear：清除工作空间中的变量
2. clc：清除命令窗口中的所有输出
3. close：关闭图形窗口
4. format：设置命令窗口输出格式
5. save：保存变量到文件
6. load：从文件中加载变量
7. help：查看函数的帮助文档
8. who：列出工作空间中的变量
9. whos：列出工作空间中所有变量的详细信息
10. input：从命令窗口输入变量值
11. disp：显示字符串或变量值
12. fprintf：格式化输出文本
13. plot：绘制二维图形
14. subplot：在同一个图形窗口中绘制多个子图
15. figure：创建一个新的图形窗口
16. axis：设置坐标轴范围和刻度
17. xlabel、ylabel：设置坐标轴标签
18. title：设置图形标题
19. legend：添加图例
20. hold：设置图形是否保持当前状态，以便在之后添加新数据
21. grid：显示坐标轴网格线
22. loglog、semilogx、semilogy：设置坐标轴对数刻度
23. size：返回数组的大小
24. length：返回数组的长度
25. max：返回数组中的最大值
26. min：返回数组中的最小值
27. sum：返回数组中所有元素的和
28. mean：返回数组中所有元素的平均值
29. diff：返回数组元素之间的差分
30. sort：返回数组排序后的结果。
matalb指令大全
subsindex 下标标识
3 编程语言结构(Programming language constructs)
3.1 控制语句(Control flow)
break 终止最内循环
case 同switch 一起使用
catch 同try 一起使用
continue 将控制转交给外层的for 或while 循环
beep 产生beep 声
echo 显示命令文件指令的切换开关
diary 储存MATLAB 指令窗操作内容
format 设置数据输出格式
more 命令窗口分页输出的控制开关
1.6 操作系统指令(Operating system commands)
cd 改变当前工作目录
computer 计算机类型
10月21日
MATLAB 主要函数指令表（按功能分类）
1 常用指令(General Purpose Commands)
1.1 通用信息查询(General information)
demo 演示程序
help 在线帮助指令
helpbrowser 超文本文档帮助信息
helpdesk 超文本文档帮助信息
lasterr 最后一个错误信息
lastwarn 最后一个警告信息
sprintf 按格式把数字转换为串
warning 显示警告信息
3.6 交互式输入(Interactive input)
input 提示键盘输入
keyboard 激活键盘做为命令文件
pause 暂停
uicontrol 创建用户界面控制
while 不确定次数重复执行语句
MATLAB操作命令大全
MATLAB操作命令大全1.基本操作：- clear: 清除工作区中的所有变量。
- clc: 清除命令窗口的内容。
- close all: 关闭所有图形窗口。
- help function-name: 显示与函数相关的帮助文档。
- who: 显示当前工作区中的所有变量。
- save file-name: 保存当前工作区中的所有变量到指定的文件。
- load file-name: 从文件中加载变量到当前工作区。
2.变量操作：-=:赋值操作符，将右边的值赋给左边的变量。
-+:加法操作符。
--:减法操作符。
-*:乘法操作符。
-/:除法操作符。
-^:幂运算操作符。
- sqrt(x): 计算 x 的平方根。
- abs(x): 计算 x 的绝对值。
- max(x): 返回 x 中的最大值。
- min(x): 返回 x 中的最小值。
- sum(x): 计算 x 中所有元素的和。
3.数组操作：- zeros(m, n): 创建一个 m 行 n 列的全零数组。
- ones(m, n): 创建一个 m 行 n 列的全一数组。
- eye(n): 创建一个 n 行 n 列的单位矩阵。
- size(x): 返回 x 的维度。
- length(x): 返回 x 的长度。
- reshape(x, m, n): 将 x 重新排列为一个 m 行 n 列矩阵。
- transpose(x): 将 x 的行和列互换。
4.控制流程：- if-else: 条件语句，根据条件执行不同的代码块。
- for loop: 循环语句，执行指定次数的代码块。
- while loop: 循环语句，根据条件反复执行代码块。
- break: 在循环中使用，用来跳出当前循环。
- continue: 在循环中使用，用来跳过当前循环的剩余部分。
5.统计分析：- mean(x): 计算 x 的平均值。
- median(x): 计算 x 的中位数。
- std(x): 计算 x 的标准差。
matlab的常用指令及其含义
matlab的常用指令及其含义1、清除命令窗口clc2、清除变量clear3、清除figureclf4、生成一个图层figure()figure(1)figure('name','实例')gwin=figure('MenuBar','none','NumberTitle','off','Name','菜单创建演示','Position',[(rect(3)-N)/2,(rect(4)-N)/2,N,N],'Resize','off','Color','red');5、打印disp(a)fprintf('the value of pi is%6.2f\n',pi)6、字符串和数字转换str2num(123)num2str('123')7、取整函数floor(2.3)==2 %为向下取整ceil(2.3)==3 %为向上取整round(2.3)==2 %为取最接近的整数fix(-3.5)==-3 %为向0取整8、复数运算temp = complex(1,2) %构造函数,==2+5ireal(temp) == 1 %返回实部imag(temp)==5 %返回虚部abs(temp)==5.3852 %返回模conj(temp)==2-5i %返回共轭复数9、快速生成矩阵A=zeros(5) %5行5列的0矩阵B=ones(5) %5行5列的1矩阵A=zeros(m,n) %m行n列0矩阵B=ones(m,n) %m行n列1矩阵A=eye(5) %5行5列的单位矩阵B=rand(3,5) %3行5列的0~1之间的随机矩阵A=magic(5) %5行5列的魔方矩阵，注意这里行和列必须相同10、生成随机矩阵rand(1,5) %生成一个1行5列的矩阵，即行向量11、求最大值max12、数据库结果转矩阵data_mat = cell2mat(data_cell);data_cell是数据库返回的结果，data_mat是矩阵13、求转置矩阵a=[1; 2; 3];b=a.'; %点+单引号b->{1 2 3}14、打印时间disp(datestr(datetime('now')));15、将矩阵转化为列向量，即列矩阵B=A(:); %A是矩阵16、读取矩阵取前N行或N列A(1:2,:) %读取矩阵A的1~2行A(:,1:3) %读取矩阵A的1~3列17、矩阵运算（加、减、乘、除、点乘、点除等）（1）A+B; 表示矩阵A和矩阵B相加（各个元素对应相加）；（2）A-B; 表示矩阵A和矩阵B相减（各个元素对应相减）；（3）A*B; 表示矩阵A和矩阵B相乘；（4）A.*B; 表示矩阵A和矩阵B对应元素相乘（点乘）；（5）A/B; 表示矩阵A与矩阵B相除法；（6）A./B; 表示矩阵A和矩阵B对应元素相除（点除）；（7）A^B; 表示矩阵A的B次幂；（8）A.^B; 表示矩阵A的每个元素的B次幂18、获取数组的行数和列数[rows,colums]=size(cell_data); %cell_data是2行3列的数组，rows==2 colums==319、获取数组的指定行和指定列first = cell_data(1,:); %第一行所有列first = cell_data(:,1); %第一列所有行。
matlab指令集
MATLAB 指令集Color controls.colormap- Color look-up table.caxis- Pseudocolor axis scaling.shading - Color shading mode.Color maps.hsv - Hue-saturation-value color map.gray- Linear gray-scale color map.hot - Black-red-yellow-white color map.cool- Shades of cyan and magenta color map.bone - Gray-scale with a tinge of blue color map.copper- Linear copper-tone color map.pink- Pastel shades of pink color map.prism - Prism color map.jet- A variant of HSV.flag - Alternating red, white, blue,and black color map.Color map related functions.colorbar- Display color bar (color scale).hsv2rgb - Hue-saturation-value to red-green-blue conversion.rgb2hsv - Red-green-blue to hue-saturation-value conversion.contrast- Gray scale color map to enhance image contrast. brighten- Brighten or darken color map.spinmap - Spin color map.rgbplot - Plot color map.Lighting models.surfl- 3-D shaded surface withlighting.specular- Specular reflectance.diffuse - Diffuse reflectance.surfnorm- Surface normals..c2.14.8.2 Datafun (Data Analysis and Fourier Transformations) Basic operations.max- Largest component.min- Smallest component.mean- Average or mean value.median- Median value.std - Standard deviation.sort - Sort in ascending order.sum- Sum of elements.prod - Product of elements.cumsum- Cumulative sum of elements.cumprod - Cumulative product of elements.trapz- Numerical integration usingtrapezoidal method.Finite differences.diff- Difference function andapproximate derivative.gradient - Approximate gradient.del2- Five-point discrete Laplacian.V ector operations.cross - V ector cross product.dot- V ector dot product.Correlation.corrcoef - Correlation coefficients.cov- Covariance matrix.subspace - Angle between subspaces.Filtering and convolution.filter- One-dimensional digital filter.filter2 - Two-dimensional digital filter.conv - Convolution and polynomial multiplication.conv2- Two-dimensional convolution.deconv- Deconvolution and polynomial division.Fourier transforms.fft - Discrete Fourier transform.fft2- Two-dimensional discreteFourier transform.ifft - Inverse discrete Fouriertransform.ifft2- Two-dimensional inversediscrete Fourier transform.abs- Magnitude.angle- Phase angle.unwrap- Remove phase angle jumps across 360 degree boundaries. fftshift - Move zeroth lag to center ofspectrum.cplxpair - Sort numbers into complexconjugate pairs.nextpow2 - Next higher power of 2..c2.14.8.3 D emos (Demonstration and Samples)MA TLAB/Introduction.expo, demo- Start up The MA TLAB Expo and display splash screen. expomap- Open the MA TLAB Expo Main Map (avoids Expo splash screen). MA TLAB/Matrices.intro- Introduction to MA TLAB.inverter - Demonstrate the inversion of a matrix.buckydem - Connectivity graph of theBuckminster Fuller geodesic dome.sparsity - Demonstrate effect of sparsity orderings.matmanip - Introduction to matrixmanipulation.delsqdemo- Finite difference Laplacian on various domains.sepdemo- Separators for a finite element mesh.airfoil- Display sparse matrix from NASA airfoil.MA TLAB/Numerics.funfuns- Demonstrate functions thatoperate on other functions.fitdemo- Nonlinear curve fit withsimplex algorithm.sunspots - The answer is 11.08, what is the question?e2pi- Which is greater, e^pi or pi^e?bench- MA TLAB Benchmark.odedemo- Ordinary differentialequations.quaddemo - Adaptive quadrature.zerodemo - Zerofinding with fzero.fplotdemo- Plot a function.eigmovie - Symmetric eigenvalue movie.rrefmovie- Computation of Reduced Row Echelon Form.fftdemo- Use of the fast finite Fourier transform.quake- Loma Prieta Earthquake.census- Try to predict the USpopulation in the year 2000.spline2d - Demonstrate GINPUT and SPLINE in two dimensions.MA TLAB/Visualization.graf2d- Demonstrate XY plots in MA TLAB.graf2d2- Demonstrate XYZ plots inMA TLAB.grafcplx - Demonstrate complex function plots in MA TLAB.lorenz- Plot the orbit around theLorenz chaotic attractor.xpsound- Demonstrate MA TLAB V4's sound capability.vibes- Vibrating L-shaped membrane.xpklein- Klein bottle demo.xfourier - Graphics demo of Fourier series expansion.cplxdemo - Maps of functions of a complex variable.peaks- A sample function of twovariables.membrane - Generate MathWorks's logo.penny- Several views of the pennydata.earthmap - View Earth's topography.sqdemo- Superquadrics using UIControls.imagedemo- Demonstrate MA TLAB V4's image capability.colormenu- Select color map.MA TLAB/Language.xplang- Introduction to the MA TLAB language.graf3d- Demonstrate Handle Graphics for surface plots.hndlgraf - Demonstrate Handle Graphics for line plots.hndlaxis - Demonstrate Handle Graphics for axes.SIMULINK/Simple Systems.simintro - A quick introduction toSIMULINK.libintro - A quick introduction to theSIMULINK Libraries.simppend - SIMULINK system modeling a simple pendulum. onecart- SIMULINK system modeling a mass-spring system. bounce- SIMULINK system modeling a bouncing ball.vdp- SIMULINK system modeling the V an der Pol equations. SIMULINK/Complex Systems.dblcart1 - SIMULINK system modeling a mass-spring system. dblpend1 - SIMULINK system modeling a double-pendulum system. dblpend2 - SIMULINK system modeling a double-pendulum system. penddemo - SIMULINK system modeling an inverted pendulum. dblcart- SIMULINK system modeling a double-cart system. thermo- SIMULINK system modeling a thermostat heating a house. f14- SIMULINK system modeling an aircraft in flight. SIMULINK/Advanced Products.xpaccel- Provide information about the SIMULINK Accelerator. ccodegen - Provide information about the C-Code Generator.Toolbox/Signal Processing.filtdem- Signal Processing filter demo.filtdem2 - Demonstrate filter designtechniques.sigdemo1 - Discrete-time Fourier transform of a signal.sigdemo2 - Continuous-time Fouriertransform of a signal.phone- Signal processing and thetouch-tone phone.Toolbox/System Identification.sy s iddm - Identify "hairdryer" systemcharacteristics.iddems- Set up System Identification command line demos. Toolbox/Optimization.bandem- Banana function minimization demonstration. optdems- Set up Optimization command line demos.Toolbox/Neural Networks.bckprp12 - Demonstrate backpropagation.bckprp62 - Demonstrate backpropagation with momentum. neural- Neural network characterrecognition.Toolbox/Control System.dskdemo- Build controller for a diskread/write head.ctrldems - Set up Control System command line demos.Toolbox/Robust Control.accdm2- Demo of the 1990 ACC benchmark.rctdems- Set up Robust Control command line demos. Toolbox/Mu-Analysis and Synthesis.xpmu- Description of the Mu-Analysis and Synthesis process. mudems- Set up Mu-Analysis andSynthesis command line demos.Toolbox/Spline.spapidm2 - Demonstrate splineinterpolation.spldems- Set up Spline command line demos.Toolbox/Symbolic Math.xpcalc- Calculus operations.xpgiv- Givens transformation.Toolbox/Image Processing.xpimage- Demonstrate some ImageProcessing capabilities.Toolbox/Statistics.xppolytl - Interactively fit a polynomialto noisy data.statdems - Set up Statistics command line demos.Extras/Gallery.knot- Tube surrounding a three-dimensional knot.quivdemo - Demonstrate the quiverfunction.modes- Plot 12 modes of the L-shaped membrane.logo- Display the MA TLAB L-shaped membrane logo. klein1- Construct a Klein bottle.cruller- Construct cruller.tori4- Construct four linked tori.spharm2- Construct spherical surfaceharmonic.Extras/Games.xpbombs- Minesweeper game.life- Conway's Game of Life.bblwrap- Bubblewrap.Extras/Miscellaneous.truss- Animation of a bending bridge truss.travel- Traveling salesman problem.wrldtrv- Great circle flight routesaround the globe.makevase - Generate and plot a surface ofrevolution.logospin - Movie of The MathWorks' logo spinning. crulspin - Spinning cruller movie.xpquad- Superquadrics plottingdemonstration.spinner- Colorful lines spinning throughspace.Extras/Contact Info.contact1 - How to reach TheMathWorks, Inc.contact2 - How to reach The MathWorks, Inc. by email. contact3 - How to reach internationalagents for The MathWorks, Inc.agents- International distributors'locations and contactinformation..c2.14.8.4 Elfun (Elementary Math Functions) Trigonometric.sin- Sine.sinh- Hyperbolic sine.asin- Inverse sine.asinh- Inverse hyperbolic sine.cos- Cosine.cosh- Hyperbolic cosine.acos- Inverse cosine.acosh- Inverse hyperbolic cosine.tan- Tangent.tanh- Hyperbolic tangent.atan- Inverse tangent.atan2- Four quadrant inverse tangent.atanh- Inverse hyperbolic tangent.sec- Secant.sech- Hyperbolic secant.asec- Inverse secant.asech- Inverse hyperbolic secant.csc- Cosecant.csch- Hyperbolic cosecant.acsc- Inverse cosecant.acsch- Inverse hyperbolic cosecant.cot- Cotangent.coth- Hyperbolic cotangent.acot- Inverse cotangent.acoth- Inverse hyperbolic cotangent. Exponential.exp- Exponential.log- Natural logarithm.log10- Common logarithm.sqrt- Square root.Complex.abs- Absolute value.angle- Phase angle.conj- Complex conjugate.imag- Complex imaginary part.real- Complex real part.Numeric.fix- Round towards zero.floor- Round towards minus infinity.ceil- Round towards plus infinity.round- Round towards nearest integer.rem- Remainder after division.sign- Signum function..c2.14.8.5 Elmat (Elementary Matrices and Manipulation) Elementary matrices.zeros- Zeros matrix.ones- Ones matrix.eye- Identity matrix.rand- Uniformly distributed randomnumbers.randn- Normally distributed randomnumbers.linspace - Linearly spaced vector.logspace - Logarithmically spaced vector.meshgrid- X and Y arrays for 3-D plots.: - Regularly spaced vector.Special variables and constants.ans- Most recent answer.eps- Floating point relativeaccuracy.realmax- Largest floating point number. realmin- Smallest positive floatingpoint number.pi- 3.1415926535897....i, j- Imaginary unit.inf- Infinity.NaN- Not-a-Number.flops- Count of floating pointoperations.nargin- Number of function inputarguments.nargout- Number of function outputarguments.computer - Computer type.isieee- True for computers with IEEEarithmetic.isstudent- True for the Student Edition.why- Succinct answer.version- MA TLAB version number.Time and dates.clock- Wall clock.cputime- Elapsed CPU time.date- Calendar.etime- Elapsed time function.tic, t o c - Stopwatch timer functions.Matrix manipulation.diag- Create or extract diagonals.fliplr- Flip matrix in the left/rightdirection.flipud- Flip matrix in the up/downdirection.reshape- Change size.rot90- Rotate matrix 90 degrees.tril- Extract lower triangular part.triu- Extract upper triangular part.:- Index into matrix, rearrange matrix. .c2.14.8.6 Funfun (Function Functions)Function functions - nonlinear numerical methods. ode23- Solve differential equations,low order method.ode23p- Solve and plot solutions.ode45- Solve differential equations, high order method. quad- Numerically evaluate integral, low order method. quad8- Numerically evaluate integral, high order method. fmin- Minimize function of onevariable.fmins- Minimize function of several variables.fzero- Find zero of function of onevariable.fplot- Plot function..c2.14.8.7 G eneral (General Purpose Command)Managing commands and functions.help- On-line documentation.doc- Load hypertext documentation.what- Directory listing of M-, MA T-and MEX-files.type- List M-file.lookfor - Keyword search through the HELP entries.which- Locate functions and files.demo- Run demos.path- Control MA TLAB's search path.Managing variables and the workspace.who- List current variables.whos- List current variables, longform.load- Retrieve variables from disk.save- Save workspace variables todisk.clear- Clear variables and functionsfrom memory.pack- Consolidate workspace memory.size- Size of matrix.length- Length of vector.disp- Display matrix or text.Working with files and the operating system.cd- Change current working directory.dir- Directory listing.delete - Delete file.getenv - Get environment value.! - Execute operating system command.unix- Execute operating system command & return result. diary- Save text of MA TLAB session.Controlling the command window.cedit- Set command line edit/recallfacility parameters.clc- Clear command window.home- Send cursor home.format - Set output format.echo- Echo commands inside scriptfiles.more- Control paged output incommand window.Starting and quitting from MA TLAB.quit- Terminate MA TLAB.startup- M-file executed when MA TLAB is invoked.matlabrc - Master startup M-file.General information.info- Information about MA TLAB and The MathWorks, Inc. subscribe - Become subscribing user ofMA TLAB.hostid- MA TLAB server hostidentification number.whatsnew- Information about new features not yet documented.ver- MA TLAB, SIMULINK, and TOOLBOX version information. .c2.14.8.8 Graphics (General Purpose Graphics Functions)Figure window creation and control.figure- Create Figure (graph window).gcf- Get handle to current figure.clf- Clear current figure.close- Close figure.Axis creation and control.subplot - Create axes in tiled positions.axes- Create axes in arbitrarypositions.gca- Get handle to current axes.cla- Clear current axes.axis- Control axis scaling andappearance.caxis- Control pseudocolor axisscaling.hold- Hold current graph.Handle Graphics objects.figure- Create figure window.axes- Create axes.line- Create line.text- Create text.patch- Create patch.surface- Create surface.image- Create image.uicontrol- Create user interface control.uimenu- Create user interface menu.Handle Graphics operations.set- Set object properties.get- Get object properties.reset- Reset object properties.delete- Delete object.gco- Get handle to current object.dr a wnow - Flush pending graphics events.newplot- M-file preamble for NextPlotproperty.findobj- Find objects with specifiedproperty values.Hardcopy and storage.print- Print graph or save graph tofile.printopt- Configure local printerdefaults.orient- Set paper orientation.capture - Screen capture of currentfigure.Movies and animation.moviein - Initialize movie frame memory.getframe- Get movie frame.movie- Play recorded movie frames.Miscellaneous.ginput- Graphical input from mouse.ishold- Return hold state.graymon- Set graphics window defaults for gray-scale monitors. rbbox- Rubberband box.rotate- Rotate an object about aspecified direction.terminal - Set graphics terminal type.uiputfile- Put up dialog box for savingfiles.uigetfile- Put up dialog box which queries for file names. whitebg- Set graphics window defaults for white background. zoom- Zoom in and out on a 2-D plot. waitforbuttonpress- Wait for key/buttonpress over figure..c2.14.8.9 Iofun (Low-Level File I/O Functions)File opening and closing.fopen- Open file.fclose- Close file.Unformatted I/O.fread- Read binary data from file.fwrite- Write binary data to file.Formatted I/O.fscanf- Read formatted data from file.fprintf- Write formatted data to file.fgetl- Read line from file, discardnewline character.fgets- Read line from file, keepnewline character.File positioning.ferror- Inquire file I/O error status.feof- Test for end-of-file.fseek- Set file position indicator.ftell- Get file position indicator.frewind- Rewind file.String conversion.sprintf- Write formatted data to string.sscanf- Read string under formatcontrol.File Import/Export Routines.WK1 Format.wk1const - WK1 record definitions.wk1read- Read WK1 file/range.wk1write - Write out matrix in a WK1formatted file.wk1wrec- Write a WK1 record header.CSV Format.csvread- Read Comma Separated V alue formatted file into a matrix. csvwrite - Write out matrix in a CSVformatted file.ASCII Delimited Format.dlmread - Read ASCII delimited file into a matrix.dlmwrite - Write out matrix in ASCIIdelimited file format..c2.14.8.10 Lang (Language Constructs and Debuggings)MA TLAB as a programming language.script- About MA TLAB scripts and M-files.function - Add new function.eval- Execute string with MA TLAB expression.feval- Execute function specified by string.global- Define global variable.nargchk- V alidate number of inputarguments.lasterr - Last error message.Control flow.if- Conditionally execute statements.else- Used with IF.elseif - Used with IF.end- Terminate the scope of FOR, WHILE and IF statements. for- Repeat statements a specificnumber of times.while- Repeat statements an indefinite number of times.break- Terminate execution of loop.return - Return to invoking function.error- Display message and abortfunction.Interactive input.input- Prompt for user input.keyboard- Invoke keyboard as if it were a Script-file.menu- Generate menu of choices for user input.pause- Wait for user response.uimenu- Create user interface menu.uicontrol - Create user interface control.Debugging commands.dbstop- Set breakpoint.dbclear- Remove breakpoint.dbcont- Resume execution.dbdown- Change local workspace context.dbstack- List who called whom.dbstatus - List all breakpoints.dbstep- Execute one or more lines.dbtype- List M-file with line numbers.dbup- Change local workspace context.dbquit- Quit debug mode.mexdebug - Debug MEX-files..c2.14.8.11 Matfun (Matrix Functions)Matrix analysis.cond- Matrix condition number.norm- Matrix or vector norm.rcond- LINPACK reciprocal conditionestimator.rank- Number of linearly independent rows or columns. det- Determinant.trace- Sum of diagonal elements.null- Null space.orth- Orthogonalization.rref- Reduced row echelon form.Linear equations.\ and /- Linear equation solution; use"help slash".chol- Cholesky factorization.lu - Factors from Gaussianelimination.inv- Matrix inverse.qr- Orthogonal-triangulardecomposition.qrdelete - Delete a column from the QRfactorization.qrinsert - Insert a column in the QRfactorization.nnls- Non-negative least-squares.pinv- Pseudoinverse.lscov- Least squares in the presence of known covariance. Eigenvalues and singular values.eig- Eigenvalues andeigenvectors.poly- Characteristic polynomial.polyeig- Polynomial eigenvalue problem.hess- Hessenberg form.qz- Generalized eigenvalues.rs f2csf - Real block diagonal form tocomplex diagonal form.cdf2rdf- Complex diagonal form to real block diagonal form. schur- Schur decomposition.balance- Diagonal scaling to improve eigenvalue accuracy. svd- Singular value decomposition.Matrix functions.expm- Matrix exponential.expm1- M-file implementation of expm.expm2- Matrix exponential via Taylorseries.expm3- Matrix exponential viaeigenvalues and eigenvectors.logm- Matrix logarithm.sqrtm- Matrix square root.funm- Evaluate general matrixfunction..c2.14.8.12 OPS (Operators and Special Characters) Arithmetic and Matrix Operators.Char Name HELP topic+ Plus arith- Minus arith* Matrix multiplication arith.* Array multiplication arith^ Matrix power arith.^ Array power arith\ Backslash or left division slash/ Slash or right division slash./ Array division slashkron Kronecker tensor product kron: Colon colon ( ) Parentheses paren[ ] Brackets paren. Decimal point punct.. Parent directory punct... Continuation punct, Comma punct; Semicolon punct% Comment punct! Exclamation point punct' Transpose and quote punct= Assignment punct== Equality relop< > Relational operators relop& Logical AND relop| Logical OR relop~ Logical NOT relopxor Logical EXCLUSIVE OR xorLogical characteristics.exist- Check if variables or functions are defined. any- True if any element of vector is true.all- True if all elements of vector are true. find- Find indices of non-zeroelements.isnan- True for Not-A-Number.isinf- True for infinite elements.finite- True for finite elements.isempty- True for empty matrix.isreal- True for real matrix.issparse - True for sparse matrix.isstr- True for text string.isglobal - True for global variables..c2.14.8.13 Plotxy (Two-Dimensional Graphics)Elementary X-Y graphs.plot- Linear plot.loglog- Log-log scale plot.semilogx- Semi-log scale plot.semilogy- Semi-log scale plot.fill- Draw filled 2-D polygons.Specialized X-Y graphs.polar- Polar coordinate plot.bar- Bar graph.stem- Discrete sequence or "stem"plot.stairs- Stairstep plot.errorbar- Error bar plot.hist- Histogram plot.rose- Angle histogram plot.compass - Compass plot.feather - Feather plot.fplot- Plot function.comet- Comet-like trajectory.Graph annotation.title- Graph title.xlabel- X-axis label.ylabel- Y-axis label.text- Text annotation.gtext- Mouse placement of text.grid- Grid lines..c2.14.8.14 Plotxyz (Three-Dimensional Graphics)Line and area fill commands.plot3- Plot lines and points in 3-Dspace.fill3- Draw filled 3-D polygons in 3-D space. comet3- 3-D comet-like trajectories.Contour and other 2-D plots of 3-D data.contour- Contour plot.contour3 - 3-D contour plot.clabel- Contour plot elevation labels.contourc - Contour plot computation (used by contour). pcolor- Pseudocolor (checkerboard)plot.quiver - Quiver plot.Surface and mesh plots.mesh- 3-D mesh surface.meshc- Combination mesh/contour plot.meshz- 3-D Mesh with zero plane.surf- 3-D shaded surface.surfc- Combination surf/contour plot.surfl- 3-D shaded surface withlighting.waterfall- Waterfall plot.V olume visualization.slice- V olumetric visualization plots.Graph appearance.v i ew - 3-D graph viewpointspecification.viewmtx- View transformation matrices.hidden- Mesh hidden line removal mode.shading- Color shading mode.axis- Axis scaling and appearance.caxis- Pseudocolor axis scaling.colormap - Color look-up table.Graph annotation.title- Graph title.xlabel- X-axis label.ylabel- Y-axis label.zlabel- Z-axis label for 3-D plots.text- Text annotation.gtext- Mouse placement of text.grid- Grid lines.3-D objects.cylinder - Generate cylinder.sphere- Generate sphere..c2.14.8.15 Polyfun (Polynomial and Interpolation Functions) Polynomials.roots- Find polynomial roots.poly- Construct polynomial withspecified roots.polyval- Evaluate polynomial.polyvalm - Evaluate polynomial with matrix argument. residue- Partial-fraction expansion(residues).polyfit- Fit polynomial to data.polyder- Differentiate polynomial.conv- Multiply polynomials.deconv- Divide polynomials.Data interpolation.interp1- 1-D interpolation (1-D tablelookup).interp2- 2-D interpolation (2-D tablelookup).interpft - 1-D interpolation using FFTmethod.griddata - Data gridding.Spline interpolation.spline- Cubic spline datainterpolation.ppval- Evaluate piecewise polynomial..c2.14.8.16 Sparfun (Sparce Matrix Functions)Elementary sparse matrices.speye- Sparse identity matrix.sprandn- Sparse random matrix.sprandsym- Sparse symmetric random matrix.spdiags- Sparse matrix formed fromdiagonals.Full to sparse conversion.sparse- Create sparse matrix fromnonzeros and indices.full- Convert sparse matrix to full matrix.find- Find indices of nonzeroentries.spconvert- Convert from sparse matrixexternal format.Working with nonzero entries of sparse matrices.nnz- Number of nonzero entries.nonzeros - Nonzero entries.nzmax- Amount of storage allocated for nonzero entries. spones- Replace nonzero entries with ones.spalloc- Allocate memory for nonzero entries.issparse - True if matrix is sparse.spfun- Apply function to nonzeroentries.Visualizing sparse matrices.spy- Visualize sparsity structure.gplot- Plot graph, as in "graphtheory".Reordering algorithms.colmmd- Column minimum degree.symmmd- Symmetric minimum degree.symrcm- Reverse Cuthill-McKee ordering.colperm- Order columns based on nonzero count. randperm - Random permutation vector.dmperm- Dulmage-Mendelsohn decomposition. Norm, condition number, and rank.normest- Estimate 2-norm.condest- Estimate 1-norm condition.sprank- Structural rank.Operations on trees.treelayout- Lay out a tree or forest.treeplot- Plot a picture of a tree.etree- Elimination tree of a matrix.etreeplot - Plot the elimination tree.Miscellaneous.symbfact- Symbolic factorizationanalysis.spparms- Set parameters for sparsematrix routines.spaugment- Form least squares augmented system..c2.14.8.17 Specfun (Specialized Math Function)besselj- Bessel function of the firstkind.bessely- Bessel function of the second kind.besseli- Modified Bessel function of the first kind.besselk- Modified Bessel function of the second kind.beta- Beta function.betainc- Incomplete beta function.betaln- Logarithm of beta function.ellipj- Jacobi elliptic functions.ellipke- Complete elliptic integral.erf- Error function.erfc- Complementary error function.erfcx- Scaled complementary error function.erfinv- Inverse error function.expint- Exponential integral function.gamma- Gamma function.gcd- Greatest common divisor.gammainc - Incomplete gamma function.lcm- Least common multiple.legendre - Associated Legendre function.gammaln- Logarithm of gamma function.log2- Dissect floating point numbers.pow2- Scale floating point numbers.rat- Rational approximation.rats- Rational output.cart2sph - Transform from Cartesian tospherical coordinates.cart2pol - Transform from Cartesian topolar coordinates.pol2cart - Transform from polar toCartesian coordinates.sph2cart - Transform from spherical toCartesian coordinates..c2.14.8.18 Specmat (Specialized Matrices)compan- Companion matrix.gallery- Several small test matrices.hadamard - Hadamard matrix.hankel- Hankel matrix.hilb- Hilbert matrix.invhilb- Inverse Hilbert matrix.kron- Kronecker tensor product.magic- Magic square.pascal- Pascal matrix.rosser- Classic symmetric eigenvalue test problem. toeplitz - Toeplitz matrix.vander- V andermonde matrix.wilkinson- Wilkinson's eigenvalue testmatrix.c2.14.8.19 Sounds (Sound Processing Functions) General sound functions.sound- Convert vector into sound.saxis- Sound axis scaling.Computer-specific sound functions.auwrite- Write mu-law encloded audio file. auread- Read mu-law encloded audio file. wavwrite - Write MS Windows .W A V audio file. wavread- Read MS Windows .W A V audio file.mu2lin- Mu-law to linear conversion.lin2mu- Linear to mu-law conversion..c2.14.8.20 Strfun (Character String Functions) General.strings- About character strings inMA TLAB.abs- Convert string to numericvalues.setstr- Convert numeric values tostring.isstr- True for string.blanks- String of blanks.deblank- Remove trailing blanks.str2mat- Form text matrix from。
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附录MATLAB指令集指令集A aabs 绝对值、模、字符的ASCII码值acos 反余弦acosh 反双曲余弦acot 反余切acoth 反双曲余切acsc 反余割acsch 反双曲余割align 启动图形对象几何位置排列工具all 所有元素非零为真angle 相角ans 表达式计算结果的缺省变量名any 所有元素非全零为真area 面域图argnames 函数M文件宗量名asec 反正割asech 反双曲正割asin 反正弦asinh 反双曲正弦assignin 向变量赋值atan 反正切atan2 四象限反正切atanh 反双曲正切autumn 红黄调秋色图阵axes 创建轴对象的低层指令axis 控制轴刻度和风格的高层指令B bbar 二维直方图bar3 三维直方图bar3h 三维水平直方图barh 二维水平直方图base2dec X进制转换为十进制bin2dec 二进制转换为十进制blanks 创建空格串bone 蓝色调黑白色图阵box 框状坐标轴break while 或for 环中断指令brighten 亮度控制C ccapture （3版以前）捕获当前图形cart2pol 直角坐标变为极或柱坐标cart2sph 直角坐标变为球坐标cat 串接成高维数组caxis 色标尺刻度cd 指定当前目录cdedit 启动用户菜单、控件回调函数设计工具cdf2rdf 复数特征值对角阵转为实数块对角阵ceil 向正无穷取整cell 创建元胞数组cell2struct 元胞数组转换为构架数组celldisp 显示元胞数组内容cellplot 元胞数组内部结构图示char 把数值、符号、内联类转换为字符对象chi2cdf 分布累计概率函数chi2inv 分布逆累计概率函数chi2pdf 分布概率密度函数chi2rnd 分布随机数发生器chol Cholesky分解clabel 等位线标识cla 清除当前轴class 获知对象类别或创建对象clc 清除指令窗clear 清除内存变量和函数clf 清除图对象clock 时钟colorcube 三浓淡多彩交叉色图矩阵colordef 设置色彩缺省值colormap 色图colspace 列空间的基close 关闭指定窗口colperm 列排序置换向量comet 彗星状轨迹图comet3 三维彗星轨迹图compass 射线图compose 求复合函数cond （逆）条件数condeig 计算特征值、特征向量同时给出条件数condest 范 -1条件数估计conj 复数共轭contour 等位线contourf 填色等位线contour3 三维等位线contourslice 四维切片等位线图conv 多项式乘、卷积cool 青紫调冷色图copper 古铜调色图cos 余弦cosh 双曲余弦cot 余切coth 双曲余切cplxpair 复数共轭成对排列csc 余割csch 双曲余割cumsum 元素累计和cumtrapz 累计梯形积分cylinder 创建圆柱D ddblquad 二重数值积分deal 分配宗量deblank 删去串尾部的空格符dec2base 十进制转换为X进制dec2bin 十进制转换为二进制dec2hex 十进制转换为十六进制deconv 多项式除、解卷delaunay Delaunay 三角剖分del2 离散Laplacian差分demo Matlab演示det 行列式diag 矩阵对角元素提取、创建对角阵diary Matlab指令窗文本内容记录diff 数值差分、符号微分digits 符号计算中设置符号数值的精度dir 目录列表disp 显示数组display 显示对象内容的重载函数dlinmod 离散系统的线性化模型dmperm 矩阵Dulmage-Mendelsohn 分解dos 执行DOS 指令并返回结果double 把其他类型对象转换为双精度数值drawnow 更新事件队列强迫Matlab刷新屏幕dsolve 符号计算解微分方程E eecho M文件被执行指令的显示edit 启动M文件编辑器eig 求特征值和特征向量eigs 求指定的几个特征值end 控制流FOR等结构体的结尾元素下标eps 浮点相对精度error 显示出错信息并中断执行errortrap 错误发生后程序是否继续执行的控制erf 误差函数erfc 误差补函数erfcx 刻度误差补函数erfinv 逆误差函数errorbar 带误差限的曲线图etreeplot 画消去树eval 串演算指令evalin 跨空间串演算指令exist 检查变量或函数是否已定义exit 退出Matlab环境exp 指数函数expand 符号计算中的展开操作expint 指数积分函数expm 常用矩阵指数函数expm1 Pade法求矩阵指数expm2 Taylor法求矩阵指数expm3 特征值分解法求矩阵指数eye 单位阵ezcontour 画等位线的简捷指令ezcontourf 画填色等位线的简捷指令ezgraph3 画表面图的通用简捷指令ezmesh 画网线图的简捷指令ezmeshc 画带等位线的网线图的简捷指令ezplot 画二维曲线的简捷指令ezplot3 画三维曲线的简捷指令ezpolar 画极坐标图的简捷指令ezsurf 画表面图的简捷指令ezsurfc 画带等位线的表面图的简捷指令F ffactor 符号计算的因式分解feather 羽毛图feedback 反馈连接feval 执行由串指定的函数fft 离散Fourier变换fft2 二维离散Fourier变换fftn 高维离散Fourier变换fftshift 直流分量对中的谱fieldnames 构架域名figure 创建图形窗fill3 三维多边形填色图find 寻找非零元素下标findobj 寻找具有指定属性的对象图柄findstr 寻找短串的起始字符下标findsym 机器确定内存中的符号变量finverse 符号计算中求反函数fix 向零取整flag 红白蓝黑交错色图阵fliplr 矩阵的左右翻转flipud 矩阵的上下翻转flipdim 矩阵沿指定维翻转floor 向负无穷取整flops 浮点运算次数flow Matlab提供的演示数据fmin 求单变量非线性函数极小值点（旧版）fminbnd 求单变量非线性函数极小值点fmins 单纯形法求多变量函数极小值点（旧版）fminunc 拟牛顿法求多变量函数极小值点fminsearch 单纯形法求多变量函数极小值点fnder 对样条函数求导fnint 利用样条函数求积分fnval 计算样条函数区间内任意一点的值fnplt 绘制样条函数图形fopen 打开外部文件for 构成for环用format 设置输出格式fourier Fourier 变换fplot 返函绘图指令fprintf 设置显示格式fread 从文件读二进制数据fsolve 求多元函数的零点full 把稀疏矩阵转换为非稀疏阵funm 计算一般矩阵函数funtool 函数计算器图形用户界面fzero 求单变量非线性函数的零点G ggamma 函数gammainc 不完全函数gammaln 函数的对数gca 获得当前轴句柄gcbo 获得正执行"回调"的对象句柄gcf 获得当前图对象句柄gco 获得当前对象句柄geomean 几何平均值get 获知对象属性getfield 获知构架数组的域getframe 获取影片的帧画面ginput 从图形窗获取数据global 定义全局变量gplot 依图论法则画图gradient 近似梯度gray 黑白灰度grid 画分格线griddata 规则化数据和曲面拟合gtext 由鼠标放置注释文字guide 启动图形用户界面交互设计工具H hharmmean 调和平均值help 在线帮助helpwin 交互式在线帮助helpdesk 打开超文本形式用户指南hex2dec 十六进制转换为十进制hex2num 十六进制转换为浮点数hidden 透视和消隐开关hilb Hilbert矩阵hist 频数计算或频数直方图histc 端点定位频数直方图histfit 带正态拟合的频数直方图hold 当前图上重画的切换开关horner 分解成嵌套形式hot 黑红黄白色图hsv 饱和色图I iif-else-elseif 条件分支结构ifft 离散Fourier反变换ifft2 二维离散Fourier反变换ifftn 高维离散Fourier反变换ifftshift 直流分量对中的谱的反操作ifourier Fourier反变换i, j 缺省的"虚单元"变量ilaplace Laplace反变换imag 复数虚部image 显示图象imagesc 显示亮度图象imfinfo 获取图形文件信息imread 从文件读取图象imwrite 把imwrite 把图象写成文件ind2sub 单下标转变为多下标inf 无穷大info MathWorks公司网点地址inline 构造内联函数对象inmem 列出内存中的函数名input 提示用户输入inputname 输入宗量名int 符号积分int2str 把整数数组转换为串数组interp1 一维插值interp2 二维插值interp3 三维插值interpn N维插值interpft 利用FFT插值intro Matlab自带的入门引导inv 求矩阵逆invhilb Hilbert矩阵的准确逆ipermute 广义反转置isa 检测是否给定类的对象ischar 若是字符串则为真isequal 若两数组相同则为真isempty 若是空阵则为真isfinite 若全部元素都有限则为真isfield 若是构架域则为真isglobal 若是全局变量则为真ishandle 若是图形句柄则为真ishold 若当前图形处于保留状态则为真isieee 若计算机执行IEEE规则则为真isinf 若是无穷数据则为真isletter 若是英文字母则为真islogical 若是逻辑数组则为真ismember 检查是否属于指定集isnan 若是非数则为真isnumeric 若是数值数组则为真isobject 若是对象则为真isprime 若是质数则为真isreal 若是实数则为真isspace 若是空格则为真issparse 若是稀疏矩阵则为真isstruct 若是构架则为真isstudent 若是Matlab学生版则为真iztrans 符号计算Z反变换J j , K kjacobian 符号计算中求Jacobian 矩阵jet 蓝头红尾饱和色jordan 符号计算中获得 Jordan标准型keyboard 键盘获得控制权kron Kronecker乘法规则产生的数组L llaplace Laplace变换lasterr 显示最新出错信息lastwarn 显示最新警告信息leastsq 解非线性最小二乘问题（旧版）legend 图形图例lighting 照明模式line 创建线对象lines 采用plot 画线色linmod 获连续系统的线性化模型linmod2 获连续系统的线性化精良模型linspace 线性等分向量ln 矩阵自然对数load 从MAT文件读取变量log 自然对数log10 常用对数log2 底为2的对数loglog 双对数刻度图形logm 矩阵对数logspace 对数分度向量lookfor 按关键字搜索M文件lower 转换为小写字母lsqnonlin 解非线性最小二乘问题lu LU分解M mmad 平均绝对值偏差magic 魔方阵maple &nb, sp; 运作 Maple格式指令mat2str 把数值数组转换成输入形态串数组material 材料反射模式max 找向量中最大元素mbuild 产生EXE文件编译环境的预设置指令mcc 创建MEX或EXE文件的编译指令mean 求向量元素的平均值median 求中位数menuedit 启动设计用户菜单的交互式编辑工具mesh 网线图meshz 垂帘网线图meshgrid 产生"格点"矩阵methods 获知对指定类定义的所有方法函数mex 产生MEX文件编译环境的预设置指令mfunlis 能被mfun计算的MAPLE经典函数列表mhelp 引出 Maple的在线帮助min 找向量中最小元素mkdir 创建目录mkpp 逐段多项式数据的明晰化mod 模运算more 指令窗中内容的分页显示movie 放映影片动画moviein 影片帧画面的内存预置mtaylor 符号计算多变量T aylor级数展开N nndims 求数组维数NaN 非数（预定义）变量nargchk 输入宗量数验证nargin 函数输入宗量数nargout 函数输出宗量数ndgrid 产生高维格点矩阵newplot 准备新的缺省图、轴nextpow2 取最接近的较大2次幂nnz 矩阵的非零元素总数nonzeros 矩阵的非零元素norm 矩阵或向量范数normcdf 正态分布累计概率密度函数normest 估计矩阵2范数norminv 正态分布逆累计概率密度函数normpdf 正态分布概率密度函数normrnd 正态随机数发生器notebook 启动Matlab和Word的集成环境null 零空间num2str 把非整数数组转换为串numden 获取最小公分母和相应的分子表达式nzmax 指定存放非零元素所需内存O oode1 非Stiff 微分方程变步长解算器ode15s Stiff 微分方程变步长解算器ode23t 适度Stiff 微分方程解算器ode23tb Stiff 微分方程解算器ode45 非Stiff 微分方程变步长解算器odefile ODE 文件模板odeget 获知ODE 选项设置参数odephas2 ODE 输出函数的二维相平面图odephas3 ODE 输出函数的三维相空间图odeplot ODE 输出函数的时间轨迹图odeprint 在Matlab指令窗显示结果odeset 创建或改写 ODE选项构架参数值ones 全1数组optimset 创建或改写优化泛函指令的选项参数值orient 设定图形的排放方式orth 值空间正交化P ppack 收集Matlab内存碎块扩大内存pagedlg 调出图形排版对话框patch 创建块对象path 设置Matlab搜索路径的指令pathtool 搜索路径管理器pause 暂停pcode 创建预解译P码文件pcolor 伪彩图peaks Matlab提供的典型三维曲面permute 广义转置pi （预定义变量）圆周率pie 二维饼图pie3 三维饼图pink 粉红色图矩阵pinv 伪逆plot 平面线图plot3 三维线图plotmatrix 矩阵的散点图plotyy 双纵坐标图poissinv 泊松分布逆累计概率分布函数poissrnd 泊松分布随机数发生器pol2cart 极或柱坐标变为直角坐标polar 极坐标图poly 矩阵的特征多项式、根集对应的多项式poly2str 以习惯方式显示多项式poly2sym 双精度多项式系数转变为向量符号多项式polyder 多项式导数polyfit 数据的多项式拟合polyval 计算多项式的值polyvalm 计算矩阵多项式pow2 2的幂ppval 计算分段多项式pretty 以习惯方式显示符号表达式print 打印图形或SIMULINK模型printsys 以习惯方式显示有理分式prism 光谱色图矩阵procread 向MAPLE输送计算程序profile 函数文件性能评估器propedit 图形对象属性编辑器pwd 显示当前工作目录Q qquad 低阶法计算数值积分quad8 高阶法计算数值积分(QUADL)quit 推出Matlab 环境quiver 二维方向箭头图quiver3 三维方向箭头图R rrand 产生均匀分布随机数randn 产生正态分布随机数randperm 随机置换向量range 样本极差rank 矩阵的秩rats 有理输出rcond 矩阵倒条件数估计real 复数的实部reallog 在实数域内计算自然对数realpow 在实数域内计算乘方realsqrt 在实数域内计算平方根realmax 最大正浮点数realmin 最小正浮点数rectangle 画"长方框"rem 求余数repmat 铺放模块数组reshape 改变数组维数、大小residue 部分分式展开return 返回ribbon 把二维曲线画成三维彩带图rmfield 删去构架的域roots 求多项式的根rose 数扇形图rot90 矩阵旋转90度rotate 指定的原点和方向旋转rotate3d 启动三维图形视角的交互设置功能round 向最近整数圆整rref 简化矩阵为梯形形式rsf2csf 实数块对角阵转为复数特征值对角阵rsums Riemann和S ssave 把内存变量保存为文件scatter 散点图scatter3 三维散点图sec 正割sech 双曲正割semilogx X轴对数刻度坐标图semilogy Y轴对数刻度坐标图series 串联连接set 设置图形对象属性setfield 设置构架数组的域setstr 将ASCII码转换为字符的旧版指令sign 根据符号取值函数signum 符号计算中的符号取值函数sim 运行SIMULINK模型simget 获取SIMULINK模型设置的仿真参数simple 寻找最短形式的符号解simplify 符号计算中进行简化操作simset 对SIMULINK模型的仿真参数进行设置simulink 启动SIMULINK模块库浏览器sin 正弦sinh 双曲正弦size 矩阵的大小slice 立体切片图solve 求代数方程的符号解spalloc 为非零元素配置内存sparse 创建稀疏矩阵spconvert 把外部数据转换为稀疏矩阵spdiags 稀疏对角阵spfun 求非零元素的函数值sph2cart 球坐标变为直角坐标sphere 产生球面spinmap 色图彩色的周期变化spline 样条插值spones 用1置换非零元素sprandsym 稀疏随机对称阵sprank 结构秩spring 紫黄调春色图sprintf 把格式数据写成串spy 画稀疏结构图sqrt 平方根sqrtm 方根矩阵squeeze 删去大小为1的"孤维"sscanf 按指定格式读串stairs 阶梯图std 标准差stem 二维杆图step 阶跃响应指令str2double 串转换为双精度值str2mat 创建多行串数组str2num 串转换为数strcat 接成长串strcmp 串比较strjust 串对齐strmatch 搜索指定串strncmp 串中前若干字符比较strrep 串替换strtok 寻找第一间隔符前的内容struct 创建构架数组struct2cell 把构架转换为元胞数组strvcat 创建多行串数组sub2ind 多下标转换为单下标subexpr 通过子表达式重写符号对象subplot 创建子图subs 符号计算中的符号变量置换subspace 两子空间夹角sum 元素和summer 绿黄调夏色图superiorto 设定优先级surf 三维着色表面图surface 创建面对象surfc 带等位线的表面图surfl 带光照的三维表面图surfnorm 空间表面的法线svd 奇异值分解svds 求指定的若干奇异值switch-case-otherwise 多分支结构sym2poly 符号多项式转变为双精度多项式系数向量symmmd 对称最小度排序symrcm 反向Cuthill-McKee排序syms 创建多个符号对象T ttan 正切tanh 双曲正切taylortool 进行T aylor逼近分析的交互界面text 文字注释tf 创建传递函数对象tic 启动计时器title 图名toc 关闭计时器trapz 梯形法数值积分treelayout 展开树、林treeplot 画树图tril 下三角阵trim 求系统平衡点trimesh 不规则格点网线图trisurf 不规则格点表面图 triu 上三角阵 try-catch 控制流中的Try-catch结构 type 显示M文件U uuicontextmenu 创建现场菜单uicontrol 创建用户控件uimenu 创建用户菜单unmkpp 逐段多项式数据的反明晰化unwrap 自然态相角upper 转换为大写字母V vvar 方差varargin 变长度输入宗量varargout 变长度输出宗量vectorize 使串表达式或内联函数适于数组运算ver 版本信息的获取view 三维图形的视角控制voronoi Voronoi多边形vpa 任意精度（符号类）数值W wwarning 显示警告信息what 列出当前目录上的文件whatsnew 显示Matlab中 Readme文件的内容which 确定函数、文件的位置while 控制流中的While环结构white 全白色图矩阵whitebg 指定轴的背景色who 列出内存中的变量名whos 列出内存中变量的详细信息winter 蓝绿调冬色图workspace 启动内存浏览器X x , Y y , Z zxlabel X轴名xor 或非逻辑yesinput 智能输入指令ylabel Y轴名zeros 全零数组zlabel Z轴名zoom 图形的变焦放大和缩小ztrans 符号计算Z变换。