高考英语一轮复习Unit3Underthesea课时作业含解析新人教版选修7

Unit 3 Under the sea课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·石家庄模拟)The scar ran down her leg from the knee to the ankle.She brushed her fingertips over its surface，remembering.Jerry was only seven when he started surfing; by the age of eleven，he was positively_incredible，moving over the face of big waves like there wasn't even a slightest bit of efforts involved in.On that day in Bah，though，the ocean had seemed strange.The waves broke like water in a washing machine，and the breaks had been heavy too，making it tough to tell whether it was better to try to catch one or to get out of its way.That was how he'd misjudged.Ella had seen her brother lose control，his board was thrown out of the water riderless high into the air，but she hadn't seen him surface.She'd waited for the space of a breath.Nothing.Something，clearly，was wrong.She dashed into the water，swimming faster even than the competitions at school.Lung burning.Heart Piping－Focused.She'd found him floating just beyond the reef(暗礁)，face up but knocked out cold.Just as she was paddling the water hard，her leg was hurt by the reef，a short，sharp instant of pain.No matter.She had kept Jerry's head above water，swimming all the way back to shore.That day had been the worst，scariest moment in Jerry's surfing career，which has seen him rise from a no－name kid who loved the ocean to a young star，winning competitions around the world.For Ella，her life had changed as well.She had learned something about who she was，about what she could achieve.She ran her fingers again over the scar，the physical map of the person she had become.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲了Ella在一次拯救Jerry的冲浪中受伤的事，从此事中Ella找到了自我价值。

1．Why did Ella think something was wrong?A．She didn't see Jerry come out of water.B．She had not seen Jerry lose control before.C．She saw Jerry's board high into the air.D．She noticed Jerry held his breath longer.【答案】 A 细节理解题。

根据句子but she hadn't seen him surface可知Ella没有看到Jerry露出水面，她觉得有不好的事情发生了。

故选A。

2．What does the underlined part “positively incredible” probably mean?A．Terribly excited. B．Extremely good.C．Relatively young. D．Hardly talented.【答案】 B 词义猜测题。

根据其后面的句子moving over the face of big waves like there wasn't even a slightest bit of efforts involved in.可以猜测出positively incredible为“非常好”之意。

故选B。

3．For Ella，the scar represents ________.A．her skill at saving livesB．her discovery of self－valueC．her envy of her brotherD．her love for swimming career【答案】 B 推理判断题。

根据句子She had learned something about who she was，about what she could achieve可知这个疤痕让Ella发现了自我价值。

故选B。

4．What can be inferred from the text?A．Ella was as outstanding an athlete as Jerry.B．Jerry learned how to surf all by himself.C．Ella was grateful for this terrible experience.D．Jerry had his leg injured in the surfing accident.【答案】 C 主旨大意题。

短文虽然讲了Ella受伤了，但是她从中也学到了一些东西，因此她对这次可怕的经历是感恩的，故选C。

B(2018·北京)Plastic－Eating Wormsgreater wax mothHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场)，and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.So far there is no effective way to get rid of it，but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene，which accounts for 40% of plastics.The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours，and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams，or almost 3% of it.To confirm that the worms' chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown，the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物)and applied it to plastic films.14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass—apparently broken down by enzymes(酶)from the worms' stomachs.Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini，co－author of the study，says the worms' ability to break down their everyday food—beeswax—also allows them to break down plastic.“Wax is a complex mixture，but the basic bond in polyethylene，the carbon－carbon bond，is there as well，”she explains.“The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.”Jennifer DeBruyn，a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee，who was not involved in the study，says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene.But compared with previous studies，she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting.The next step，DeBruyn says，will be to identify the cause of the breakdown.Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team's findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills.But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process—not simply “millions of worms thrown on top ofthe plastic.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。