英语的五种基本句型到复杂句型

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英语中的五种基本句型.

英语中的五种基本句型.

五种基本句型句子由主语和谓语两大部分组成。

主语结构比较单一,谓语结构则不然,不同类别的谓语动词导致不同的谓语结构,从而形成了不同的句型(Sentence Pattern)。

换句话说,不同的句型是由不同类别的谓语动词所决定的,因此,句型又被称为动词句型(Verb Pattern)。

语法家们对句型的分类不尽相同,一般认为,现代英语的基本句型主要有五种:1.“主----系-----表”(SLP)句型:在这种句型中,谓语动词是以be为主的连系动词(Linking Verb),后面跟主语补语(Subject Complement),如:These oranges have kept fresh. 这些桔子一直很新鲜。

Mary is a student / here /in the room. 玛丽是个学生/在这儿/在房间里。

有的语法家把be后面的副词(短语)或介词短语视为状语,从而形成了“主----动-----状”(SVA)这一在五种基本句型之外的句型(见上面最后一个例句)。

2.“主----动”(SV)句型:在这种句型中,谓语动词为不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),谓语部分通常只包括限定动词,即使有状语,也属任意性状语,即:去掉后并不影响句子结构和意义的完整,如:This bread won’t keep (for a long time). 这种面包不好(长期)存放。

Tom has left.前面说过,有些句子中的状语是不可缺少的,这种状语被称为必具性状语,从而构成“主----动----状”(SVA)句型,但这仅限于少数几个动词的某些用法,因而不是一种主要句型,如:They are staying in a hotel. 他们暂住在一家旅馆里。

3.“主----动-----宾”(SVO)句型:在这种句型中,谓语动词为只带一个宾语的及物动词,这种动词被称为单宾语及物动词(Monotransitive Verb),如:He kept the money. 他保存着这些钱。

英语的五种基本句型到复杂句型

英语的五种基本句型到复杂句型

简单句和复合句一、主系表复杂难句Vitamins are organic compounds.Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal growth of life.Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal growth of life of animals, including man.Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth of life of animals, including man.维他命是人和动物在日常的饮食生活中所需的一种微量的有机化合物。

二、主谓This trend began during the Second World War.This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion.This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion that the specific demands cannot generally foreseen in detail.This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally foreseen in detail.这种趋势发生在二战时,当时许多政府总结出:政府对科学建立的具体要求并不能被普遍的详细预见三、主谓宾The emphasis helped to obscure the great importance.The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen helped to obscure the great importance.The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance.The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance of changes in the conditions and consequences of international trade.学者和政治家同时强调:假设美国边境的消失并不能对国际贸易的状况和影响产生重大的改变。

英语五种基本句型

英语五种基本句型

五种基本句型句型一:主语+系动词+表语该句型的谓语是系动词(如be或其他系动词)。

系动词又叫联系动词(linking verb),这种动词并不表示具体的动作,而只是起连接主语和后面成分的作用。

这种动词后面所接的成分是用来说明主语的特点,表明主语的性质特征的,因此我们也称之为主语补足语,或者表语。

下面看几个例句。

1.I am a girl. 我是一个女孩。

2.Chatting on the Internet is interesting. 网上聊天很有趣。

3.Learning English is important. 学习英语很重要。

4.The music sounds nice. 这音乐很好听。

5.He became a teacher. 他成为了一名老师。

6.The leaf will turn yellow in autumn. 树叶会在秋天变黄。

英文中最常见的系动词是be动词,其具体的形式有am(I am),is(he is, she is, it is), are(you are, we are, they are)其他形式的系动词还有:look(看起来是),sound(听起来是),smell(闻起来是)taste(尝起来是),feel(感觉是),seem(似乎是)appear(似乎是),become(变为),turn(转变为)句型二:主语+谓语该句型的谓语动词是不及物动词(intransitive verb),所表示的动作没有作用对象,其本身的意思完整,所以其后不需要带宾语。

下面看几个例子:1.He died. 他死了。

(解析:死(die)这个动作就是主语自主的完成的,并没有作用对象,所以die 这个不及物动词后不能再接宾语了。

)2.These children are playing. 这些孩子们正在玩耍。

(解析:该句的play本身已经表达了完整的意思,没有作用的对象,这句话并不需要告诉我们孩子们在玩什么。

英语的五种基本句型到复杂句型

英语的五种基本句型到复杂句型

简单句和复合句一、主系表复杂难句Vitamins are organic compounds.Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal growth of life.Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal growth of life of animals, including man.Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth of life of animals, including man.维他命是人和动物在日常的饮食生活中所需的一种微量的有机化合物。

二、主谓This trend began during the Second World War.This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion.This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion that the specific demands cannot generally foreseen in detail.This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally foreseen in detail.这种趋势发生在二战时,当时许多政府总结出:政府对科学建立的具体要求并不能被普遍的详细预见三、主谓宾The emphasis helped to obscure the great importance.The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen helped to obscure the great importance.The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance.The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance of changes in the conditions and consequences of international trade.学者和政治家同时强调:假设美国边境的消失并不能对国际贸易的状况和影响产生重大的改变。

英语五种基本句型

英语五种基本句型

• S
│LinkV(是系动词)│
P(表语)
• 1. This │is │an English dictionary. 这是本英语辞典。
• 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。
• 3. He │feels │a little tired. 他感到有点累。
• 4.Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。

此句型的共同点是:谓语动词都具 有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不 能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾 语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完
整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
• S
│Vt(及物动词)│ O(宾语) │the answer? 谁知道答案?
• 1. Who │knows
• 2. She │thanked │her mother. 她感谢了她的母亲。
• 基本句型四
S +Vt+IO +DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾) • 此句型有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟 有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个 宾语一个是动的直接承受者(多指物),
另一个是动作的间接承受者(多指人)。
• S
│Vt(及物 │IO(多指人)│ DO(多指物)
• 1. She │is making │herself │a new dress.
• 此句型有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语 动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做 不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、 状语从句等。
• S
Vi (不及物动词)
• 1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
• 2. The moon │rose.
• 3. We all • 4. Who

五大英语基本句型

五大英语基本句型

英语语法五大基本句型英语句子是由主语(subject), 谓语动词(verb),宾语(object), 表语(predicative),状语(adverbial),宾语补足语(object complement)等成分组成,按照这些成分的组合方式英语句子可分为五种基本句型。

S:Subject(主语)V:Verb(动词)O:Object(宾语)IO:Indirect Object(间接宾语)DO:Direct Object(直接宾语)P:Predictive(表语)OC: Object Complement(宾语补足语)1句型一:S+V 主语+不及物动词不及物动词本身就可以表达完整的意念,不需要宾语及补语,但有时可有副词,介词短语等状语修饰语。

e.g. The rain stopped .The old man walks in the park .句型一的扩展:1.主语+不及物动词+状语e.g. The machine works smoothly. (机器运转正常。

)2.There +不及物动词+主语e.g. There is some milk in the bottle .There comes the bus .3. 主语+不及物动词+ 动词不定式e.g. They stopped to take a short rest . (他们停下来稍作休息) 注意动词stop 可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。

作不及物动词时, 通常后接动词不定式,表示停下来的目的是做另一件事。

作及物动词时,通常后接动名词,表示停止做这件事。

e.g. They stopped taking a rest .2句型二:S+V+P 主语+系动词+表语系动词本身不能表达完整的意念没,需要形容词,名词,介词短语等来补充说明主语,也叫主语补语。

e.g. My sister is a nurse .I feel quite hungry .The ball is under the desk .3句型三:S+V+O 主语+及物动词+宾语及物动词本身需要一个动作的接受者(宾语),才可以表达一个完整的意念。

英语五大简单句总结

英语五大简单句总结

英语五种基本句型列式如下基本句型一:S+Vi (主+谓)基本句型二:S+Vt+O(主+谓+宾)基本句型三:S+ LinkV+P(主+谓+表)基本句型四:S+Vt+InO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:S+Vt+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)注:Vi 不及物动词;Vt及物动词说明: S=主语; V=谓语; P=表语; O=宾语; InO=间接宾语;DO=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语基本句型一:S+Vi (主+谓)SVi (不及物动词)The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。

The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。

Who │cares? 管它呢?We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。

They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

此句型有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

基本句型二S+Vt+O(主+谓+宾)此句型的共同点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。

这类S│Vt(及物动词)│O(宾语)Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案?She │thanked │her mother. 她感谢了她的母亲He │is making │a cake. 他正在做蛋糕。

He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书。

They │ate │what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭He │said │"Good morning." 他说:“早上好!”I │want │to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶He │watches │TV. 他看电视。

英语五大基本句型

英语五大基本句型

3. 连接动名词作宾语动词有: admit doing,advise doing, avoid doing,consider doing, defend doing,enjoy doing, excuse doing,finish doing, mind doing, miss doing, practice doing,risk doing, suggest doing,give up doing , can't help doing等。
练习:判断下面的句子是哪种句型
1. Your sister dances beautifully. 主+谓 2. This food looks inviting. 主+系+表 3.They kept their marriage a secret. 主+谓+宾+宾补 4.Good keeps you healthy. 主+谓+宾+宾补
五大基本句型
英语五种基本句型列式如下:
基本句型一:主+系+表 基本句型二:主+谓 基本句型三: 主+谓+宾 基本句型四: 主+谓+间宾+直宾 基本句型五: 主+谓+宾+宾补
基本句型一:主+系+表 该句型中,句子谓语动词(即系动 词)不能表达一个完整的意思,必 须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的 表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整 的意思。
1. 我们应该感恩父母无私的爱。 We should be grateful to our parents for their selfless love. 2. 他说的话原来都是谎话。 What he said proved (to be)/turned out lies. 3. 我的梦想是考上一所好大学。 My dream is to be admitted into a good college. 4. 上大学是我一直所梦想的。 Going to college is what I have been dreaming of.
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简单句和复合句
一、主系表复杂难句
Vitamins are organic compounds.
Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal growth of life.
Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal growth of life of animals, including man.
Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth of life of animals, including man. 维他命是人和动物在日常的饮食生活中所需的一种微量的有机化合物。

主谓
This trend began during the Second World War.
This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion.
This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion that the specific demands cannot generally foreseen in detail.
This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally foreseen in detail.
这种趋势发生在二战时,当时许多政府总结出:政府对科学建立的具体要求并不能被普遍的详细预见
主谓宾
The emphasis helped to obscure the great importance.
The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen helped to obscure the great importance.
The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance.
The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance of changes in the conditions and consequences of international trade.
学者和政治家同时强调:假设美国边境的消失并不能对国际贸易的状况和影响产生重大的改变。

The emphasis given by both scholars and statesmen to the presumed disappearance of the American frontier helped to obscure the great importance of changes in the conditions and consequences of international trade that occurred during the second half of the nineteenth century.
学者和政治家同时强调:假设美国边境的消失并不能对在十九世纪下半年期间的国际贸易的状况和影响产生重大的改变。

主谓双宾
Her work won her the Nobel Prize in 1983.
Her work in genetics won United States scientist Barbara McClintock the Nobel Prize in 1983.
美国科学家Barbara McClintock的关于遗传学的作品获得了1983年的诺贝尔奖
主谓宾宾补
Willa Cather considered this novel her best work.
Willa Cather considered her novel of life in nineteenth – century Nebraska, My Antonia her best work. Willa Cather认为《Nebraska, My Antonia》是她在19世纪小说生涯中最好的作品。

从简单词到复合句
主语句子充当主语主语从句
宾语句子充当宾语宾语从句句词性从句
表语句子充当表语表语从句
同位语句子充当同位语同位语从句
三大类基本从句定语句子充当定语定语从句
状语句子充当状语状语从句。

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