宁夏大学期末考试参考答案
宁夏函授大专试题及答案
宁夏函授大专试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宁夏回族自治区的首府是？A. 银川B. 兰州C. 乌鲁木齐D. 呼和浩特答案：A2. 宁夏的简称是什么？A. 宁B. 甘C. 青D. 新答案：A3. 宁夏回族自治区位于我国的哪个方向？A. 东北B. 西北C. 东南D. 西南答案：B4. 宁夏回族自治区的面积大约是多少？A. 6.64万平方公里B. 36.4万平方公里C. 164万平方公里D. 664万平方公里5. 宁夏回族自治区的人口数量大约是多少？A. 300万B. 600万C. 900万D. 1200万答案：B6. 宁夏回族自治区的主要民族是？A. 汉族B. 回族C. 藏族D. 蒙古族答案：B7. 宁夏回族自治区的气候类型是？A. 热带季风气候B. 亚热带季风气候C. 温带大陆性气候D. 高原气候答案：C8. 宁夏回族自治区的主要农作物是？A. 水稻B. 小麦C. 玉米D. 棉花答案：B9. 宁夏回族自治区的著名旅游景点是？B. 兵马俑C. 沙坡头D. 故宫答案：C10. 宁夏回族自治区的著名特产是？A. 普洱茶B. 龙井茶C. 枸杞D. 茅台酒答案：C二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）1. 宁夏回族自治区的自然资源包括以下哪些？A. 煤炭B. 石油C. 稀土D. 天然气答案：A B D2. 宁夏回族自治区的文化特色包括以下哪些？A. 回族文化B. 汉族文化C. 蒙古族文化D. 西夏文化答案：A D3. 宁夏回族自治区的经济发展主要依靠以下哪些产业？A. 农业B. 工业D. 服务业答案：A B C D三、填空题（每题2分，共10分）1. 宁夏回族自治区的行政中心是________。
答案：银川市2. 宁夏回族自治区的地理位置是东经________，北纬________之间。
答案：104°17′-107°39′，35°14′-39°23′3. 宁夏回族自治区的气候特点是________。
2022年宁夏大学微生物学专业《微生物学》期末试卷A(有答案)
2022年宁夏大学微生物学专业《微生物学》期末试卷A(有答案）一、填空题1、在微生物学历史上，固体培养基的发明人是______，用于固体培养基的优良凝固剂琼脂的发明人是______。
2、衣原体的特点是：______、______、______、______、______和______等。
3、微生物转录水平的调控一般都是蛋白质或某些小分子物质对基因转录的阻遏或激活，而在翻译水平上也发现了类似的______作用。
4、常用的消毒方法有______，______，______等。
5、真核微生物包括______、______、______和______等几个大类。
6、病毒可分真病毒与亚病毒两大类。
从组成的化学本质来划分，真病毒至少含有______和______两种成分；亚病毒中的______只含______， ______只含______或______，而______则只含______。
7、植物根际微生物对植物有益的方面有______、______、______和 ______等。
8、PA培养基通常用来培养______，其pH值为______。
9、细菌的二次生长现象是指当细菌在含有葡萄糖和乳糖的培养基中生长时，优先利用______，当其耗尽后，细菌经过一段停滞期，不久在______的诱导下开始合成______，细菌开始利用______。
该碳代谢阻遏机制包括______和______的相互作用。
10、IgG在木瓜蛋白酶的作用下，可产生2个相同的______（符号为______）和1个______（符号为______）。
二、判断题11、由于空气中不存在微生物生长繁殖的基本条件，故其中没有原生的微生物区系。
（）12、氨基酸在碳源缺乏时可被微生物用作碳源物质，但不能提供能源。
（）13、在肽聚糖的合成过程中，甲、乙两个肽尾间的交联是由转肽酶的转肽作用完成的。
（）14、至今利用全细胞水解液的糖型来作菌种鉴定的主要微生物，是放线菌。
2022年宁夏大学计算机科学与技术专业《操作系统》科目期末试卷A(有答案)
2022年宁夏大学计算机科学与技术专业《操作系统》科目期末试卷A（有答案）一、选择题1、文件系统采用两级索引分配方式。
若每个磁盘块的大小为1KB.每个盘块号占4B，则该系统中单个文件的最大长度是（）A.64MBB.128MBC.32MBD.都不对2、下列文件物理结构中，适合随机访问且易于文件扩展的是（）。
A.连续结构B.索引结构C.链式结构且磁盘块定长D.链式结构且磁盘块变长3、与单道程序相比，多道程序系统的优点是（）I.CPU 利用率高II.系统开销小III.系统吞吐量大IV. I/O设备利用率高A.仅I、IIIB.仅I、IVC. 仅II、IIID.仅I、III，IV4、有若干并发进程均将一个共享变量count的值加1 次，那么有关count中的值说法正确的是（）。
1）肯定有不止确的结果2）肯定有止确的结果3）若控制这些并发进程互斥执行count加1操作，count中的值正确A.1）和3）B.2）和3）C.3）D.1）、2）、3）的说法均不正确5、下列关于管程的叙述中，错误的是（）。
A.管程只能用于实现进程的互斥B.管程是由编程语言支持的进程同步机制C.任何时候只能有一个进程在管程中执行D.管程中定义的变量只能被管程内的过程访问6、下列关于虚拟存储的叙述中，正确的是（）A.虚拟存储只能基于连续分配技术B.虚拟存储只能基于非连续分配技术C.虚拟存储容量只受外存容量的限制D.虚拟存储容量只受内存容量的限制7、总体上说，“按需调页”（Demand-Paging）是个很好的虚拟内存管理策略。
但是，有些程序设计技术并不适合于这种环境，例如（）A.堆栈B.线性搜索C.矢量运算D.分法搜索8、假设5个进程P0、P1、P2、P3、P4共享3类资源R1、R2、R3.这些资源总数分别为18、6、22。
T0时刻的资源分配情况（见表），此时存在的一个安全序列是（）。
A. P0, P2, P4, P1, P3B. P1, P0, P3, P4, P2C. P2, P1, P0, P3, P4D. P3, P4, P2, P1, P09、下列指令中，不能在用户态执行的是（）A.trap指令B.跳转指令C.压栈指令D.关中断指令10、系统管理设备是通过一些数据结构来进行的，下前的（）不属于设备管理数据结构。
2022年宁夏大学计算机科学与技术专业《计算机系统结构》科目期末试卷A(有答案)
2022年宁夏大学计算机科学与技术专业《计算机系统结构》科目期末试卷A（有答案）一、选择题1、在计算机系统的层次结构中，机器被定义为（）的集合体A.能存储和执行相应语言程序的算法和数据结构B.硬件和微程序（固件）C.软件和固件D.软件和硬件2、费林按指令流和数据流的多倍性把计算机系统分类，这里的多倍性指（）。
A.系统瓶颈部件上处于同一执行阶段的指令流是数据流的多少倍。
B.系统瓶颈部件上处于同一执行阶段的数据流是指令流的多少倍。
C.系统瓶颈部件上处于同一执行阶段的指令或数据的最大可能个数。
D.A和B3、对机器语言程序员透明的是( )。
A.中断字B.主存地址寄存器C.通用寄存器D.条件码4、与全相联映象相比，组相联映象的优点是( )A.目录表小B.块冲突概率低C.命中率高D.主存利用率高5、若输入流水线的指令既无局部性相关，也不存在全局性相关，则（）。
A.可获得高的吞吐率和效率B.流水线的效率和吞吐率恶化C.出现瓶颈D.可靠性提高6、计算机组成设计不考虑( )。
A.专用部件设置B.功能部件的集成度C.控制机构的组成D.缓冲技术7、CRAY-I的流水线是( )A.多条单功能流水线B.一条单功能流水线C.多条多功能流水线D.一条多功能流水线8、从计算机系统结构上讲，机器语言程序员所看到的机器属性是（）A.计算机软件所要完成的功能B.计算机硬件的全部组成C.编程要用到的硬件组织D.计算机各部件的硬件实现。
9、除了分布处理、MPP和机群系统外，并行处理计算机按其基本结构特征可分为流水线计算机，阵列处理机，多处理机和（）四种不同的结构。
A.计算机网络B.控制流计算机C.机群系统D.数据流计算机10、非线性流水线是指( )A.一次运算中使用流水线中的多个功能段B.一次运算中要多次使用流水线中的某些功能段C.流水线中某些功能段在各次运算中的作用不同D.流水线的各个功能段在各种运算中有不同的组合11、从计算机系统结构上讲，机器语言程序员所看到的机器属性是( )。
宁夏大学英语网课期末答案
宁夏大学英语网课期末答案1、3．—Will you buy the black car?No, I won't. I will buya(n) ________ one because I don't have enough money. [单选题] *A．cheap(正确答案)B．expensiveC．highD．low2、Nick has always been good _______ finding cheap flights. [单选题] *A. at(正确答案)B. forC. withD. to3、43．How much did you ________ the man for the TV? [单选题] *A．pay(正确答案)B．takeC．spendD．buy4、45．—Let's make a cake ________ our mother ________ Mother's Day.—Good idea. [单选题] *A．with; forB．for; on(正确答案)C．to; onD．for; in5、( ) She keeps on learning English all the time. So far, she______three books of New Concept English. [单选题] *A. has learned(正确答案)B. have learnedC. had learnedD. learn6、Don’t _______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worry(正确答案)B. worried aboutC. worry aboutD. worried7、—Judging from ____ number of bikes, there are not many people in the party.—I think so. People would rather stay at home in such _____ weather. [单选题] *A. the, aB. a, /C. the, /(正确答案)D. a, a8、For more information, please _______ us as soon as possible. [单选题] *A. confidentB. confidenceC. contact(正确答案)D. concert9、Last year Polly _______ an English club and has improved her English a lot. [单选题] *A. leftB. sawC. joined(正确答案)D. heard10、( ) --------Please take my seat here.-------- __________________________. [单选题]*A. That is nice of you(正确答案)B. I think it is my seatC. No, you sit hereD. I don’t think it’s a good seat.11、He has made a lot of films, but ____ good ones. [单选题] *A. anyB. someC. few(正确答案)D. many12、Her ideas sound right, but _____ I'm not completely sure. [单选题] *A. somehow(正确答案)B. somewhatC. somewhereD. sometime13、Tom’s sister is a nurse. I met _______ in the street yesterday . [单选题] *A. sheB. hersC. himD. her(正确答案)14、( ). I’m _____ in that ______ film [单选题] *A. interesting interestedB. interested interesting(正确答案)C. interested interestedD. interesting interesting15、This pair of shoes only _______ me 10 yuan. [单选题] *A. spentB. tookC. paidD. cost(正确答案)16、23．Hurry up! The train ________ in two minutes. [单选题] *A．will go(正确答案)B．goC．goesD．went17、The manager isn’t in at the moment. May I _______ a message? [单选题] *A. take(正确答案)B. makeC. haveD. keep18、The organization came into being in 1 [单选题] *A. 开始策划B. 进行改组C. 解散D. 成立于(正确答案)19、22．______ is convenient to travel between Pudong and Puxi now. [单选题] * A．It(正确答案)B．ThisC．ThatD．What20、There are sixty _______ in an hour. [单选题] *A. hoursB. daysC. minutes(正确答案)D. seconds21、I _______ no idea of where the zoo is. [单选题] *A. thinkB. getC. have(正确答案)D. take22、Nowadays more and more people travel by _______, because its safe, cheap and fast. [单选题] *A. footB. bikeC. high-speed train(正确答案)D. boat23、He is a student of _______. [单选题] *A. Class SecondB. the Class TwoC. Class Two(正确答案)D. Second Two24、27．My father is a professor and he works in__________ university. [单选题] * A．a (正确答案)B．anC．/D．the25、I’m looking forward to hearing from you _______. [单选题] *A. recentlyB. soon(正确答案)C. quicklyD. fast26、Let us put the matter to the vote,（）? [单选题] *A. will youB. can weC. may ID. shall we(正确答案)27、You wouldn't have seen her if it _____ not been for him . [单选题] *A. hasB. had(正确答案)C. haveD．is having28、He is going to _______ a party this evening. [单选题] *A. hold(正确答案)B. makeC. needD. hear29、He has grown rich lately. [单选题] *A. 后来B. 以后C. 终于D. 最近(正确答案)30、Many of my classmates are working _______volunteers. [单选题] *A. as(正确答案)B. toC. atD. like。
宁大成教英语1期末试卷(本科英语)
Part One Reading ComprehensionPassage OneI was born in the city of York, in England, in the year 1632. My father was a man of some wealth, able to give me a good home and send me to school. It was his wish that I should be a lawyer but my head began to be filled very early with thoughts of travel, and I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea. My father gave me strong advice against it, but with little effect. One day, being at Hull, I met a school-fellow who was about to sail for London in his father’s ship, and he invited me to go with him, and without telling my father, I went on board.On the way to London, a storm arose, the ship was wreaked, and we barely escaped with our lives. I went on foot to London, where I met with the master of a vessel which did business with countries on the coast of Africa. He took a fancy to me, and offered me a chance to go with him on his voyages, which I gladly accepted.A great storm came up. And the ship was tossed about for many days, until we did not know where we were. Suddenly we struck a bank of sand, and the sea broke over the ship in such a way that we could not hope to have her hold many moments without breaking into pieces. So we launched a boat. After we had been driven four or five miles, a mountainous wave struck us so hard that it overturned the boat at once. Though I swam well but the waves were so strong that I was dashed against a rock with such a force that it left me senseless. But I recovered a little before the waves returned, and, running forward, got to the mainland safely.1. What did the author want to do most when he was young?A. To visit AfricaB. To sail the seas.C. To practice law.D. To make a tour of London.2. Why did the author go on foot to London?A. The ship he took was destroyed in a storm.B. His father did not supply the fare for the journey.C. He went against his father’s strong advice not to do so.D. His school-fellow invited him to go together.3. Why did they launch a boat?A. They knew they were near the shore.B. The big waves were about to overturn the ship.C. Their ship had been knocked about for many days on the sea.D. Their ship had struck sand and was about to break into pieces.4. When the author got to the mainland, he ___________.A. searched everywhere for his lost companionsB. fell down on the ground senselessC. was safe and soundD. ran forward to escape being washed back into the sea5. When the author finally arrived on land, he most probably ___________.A. knew he was in AfricaB. did not know where he wasC. was not aware he was back in England.D. got in touch with his family and asked for helpPassage TwoI worked as a manager in a company for a number of years. I liked my job, and was doing well there, but our company was bought by a larger company and most of the managers at our place lost their jobs. That was when I decided to do something I'd always wanted to do – become a freelance (自由撰稿的) writer. Changing professions (职业) has meant that my lifestyle has changed in a number of ways.The main difference for me now is that I have a much more flexible (灵活的) schedule. I work about as much as I did before – between 45 and 50 hours a week – but my schedule is much less rigid than it used to be. Before, I worked from 8 to 5 every day, with a few extra hours on weekends. Now, however, I work when I feel like it. For instance, sometimes I work until midnight or 2 A.M., then sleep until noon. I really prefer this kind of schedule. It seems more natural to me.I also decided that it was about time I began to pay more attention to my health. While I was working as a manager, I never exercised. I already felt tired after work, so I just came home in the evening and watched TV. However, last year I joined a health club and began to do regular exercise. As a result I have lost over 10 pounds and I feel much better. I've also started to eat more healthfully. I used to eat a lot of fast food, but now I do my own shopping. I buy lots of fruits and vegetables and cook them at home.Of course, not all the changes have been that easy. For example, I don't feel as secure financially as I used to. When I was working as a manager, I never worried much about money. I could always count on getting my paycheck every two weeks. Working freelance, I don't have a regular paycheck. So now I have to make sure there's enough money until the next check arrives.All in all, I really like my current lifestyle. Of course, that doesn't mean I'll never want to have a "regular" job. But for now, at least, it suits me.6. Why did the author decide to become a freelance writer?A. He had always liked writing.B. He was dissatisfied with his company.C. He never liked his job as a manager.D. He wanted to change his lifestyle.7. What is the main difference the job change brought to the author?A. He works fewer hours a week.B. He does not have to work on weekends.C. He can change his schedule as he likes.D. He can work at night and sleep late.8. Why does the author do his own cooking now?A. He wants to lose weight.B. He has got lots of free time on his hands.C. He no longer feels tired after work.D. He wants to eat more healthfully.9. What is his chief problem now?A. He cannot count on his paycheck to arrive on time.B. He has no regular work to do.C. He has to find a publisher for his books.D. He has to worry about money.10. At the end of the passage, the author indicates that ________.A. he is going to find a regular job soonB. he is not going to change his lifestyle in the near futureC. he will continue to write for the rest of his lifeD. he will soon find out whether writing is a good career for himPassage ThreeTraveling on British public transport could become a pleasurable, artistic and educational experience, according to a report. But the real situation is not what we expect because what people see is only limited to painting.Two researchers, who wrote the report, conclude that well thought-out and positioned art on the underground can improve the experience of travel. Generally, though, hours spent on public transport are boring and annoying. Traveling has become a depressing experience, in which one thinks of nothing in order to reduce unpleasantness.”People who travel abroad bring back memories of Stockholm’s metro（地铁）system, with art in each station. The authors point out that Britain’s transport system used to make people imagine. People used beautifully colored photographs to decorate old railway carriages, old London Transport posters encouraged travelers to explore their own city, and in the Thirties even a travel guide was sold with details about the route and historical information.But now the wall designs which decorate the passageways at Heathrow airport are described as “dull and unexciting”. However, praise is given to the sculptures at Brixton railway station. While the report says that nothing can replace good architecture and design, some of its most interesting recommendations call for more imaginative developments than just concentrating on the visual arts. “The presence of personal stereos（随身听）and new technology suggests the introduction of fresh developments such as music and poetry about the views we see while traveling is workable.”And videos on trains containing information on shows, with booking available from train phones, would, says the report, provide a welcome service.11．The researchers conclude that _______.A. the public know nothing about art on public transportB. art on public transport should be carefully situatedC. art on public transport should be very simpleD. paintings are not suitable for public transport12．What has changed about art on British transport, according to the report?A. It has been copied from the art on foreign transport systems.B. It becomes boring and less interesting.C. It no longer provides information about places.D. It has been put in different places.13．According to the researchers, what is wrong with public art at the moment?A. It is in old-fashioned styles.B. It irritates the public.C. It does not stand out enough.D. It does not make travelers relaxed.14．What should be introduced, according to their report?A. Musicians playing on public transport.B. Material for travelers to listen to or watch.C. More performances on public transport.D. Videos in railway stations.15．The researchers approve of the art on public transport in _______.A. Stockholm and BrixtonB. Brixton and HeathrowC. Melbourne and BrixtonD. Stockholm and HeathrowPart Two Vocabulary and Structure (20x1 20%)1. Granny looked for her book, but she couldn’t find it _____.A. somewhereB. everywhereC. anywhereD. nowhere2. －When did you ______the book to the library?－Yesterday afternoon.A. borrowB. lendC. giveD. return3. The man took away the dictionary but did not ______.A. pay itB. pay for itC. cost itD. spend it4. English teachers often encourage the students _______ English aloud.A. readB. readingC. to readD. readed5. －______he ever ______abroad ?－No, never.A. Did, goB. Is, beenC. Has, beenD. Has, gone6. Eyes play an important role in body balance and it is important to _______ as much information from the environment as possible.A. absorbB. involveC. inventD. conquer7. At drama school, there is _______ attention to a student’s control of both voice and movement, and the different departments work at developing a student’s overall acting technique.A. currentB. worldwideC. primaryD. constant8. Whatever one has planned to do is _______ to be altered in the process.A. prohibitedB. eagerC. embarrassedD. bound9. You _______ about your friends never coming to see you, but when they do come, you give them such a hard time it’s hardly surprising they stay away.A. wakenB. disturbC. complainD. publish10. If your child is spending too much time on computer games, think carefully about how you are going to _______ the situation.A. accomplishB. arrangeC. handleD. decrease11. Music, for both of us, is part of life we treasure, and Michael has found his records and tapes a constant _______ of happiness during the long hours of inactivity forced upon him.A. sourceB. illustrationC. additionD. package12. She fell asleep at last, but in no time at all the pain in her back _____ her again, sharp and insistent.A. conqueredB. wakenedC. absorbedD. retired13. The only way to _____ a fear is to face it, and to do so as frequently as possible.A. commitB. enlargeC. communicateD. conquer14. Early in the morning, I was _______ out of bed to repair a minor fault on the car.A. distractedB. draggedC. wakenedD. assigned15. It can be argued, for example, that teaching can be _______ more effectively if teacher and student take their appropriate (合适的) roles.A. disciplinedB. handledC. accomplishedD. proposed16. You should make sure you know where the parents can be _______, and that they have given you all the information you are likely to need about the child.A. connectedB. communicatedC. committedD. contacted17. The “unsinkable” passenger liner Titanic sank on her maiden (处女) _______ when she struck an iceberg in the Atlantic.A. tripB. tourC. voyageD. journey18. On one _______, they locked her in a car when they went to a call and wound up the window to prevent her overhearing (偷听).A. occasionB. campusC. voyageD. basis19. The result of every accident, however _______, is a rise in the cost of insurance (保险).A. radicalB. rareC. reluctantD. minor20. If you wish, we can ______ for your luggage (行李) to be sent on ahead to each of the overnight stops.A. memorizeB. contractC. arrangeD. commitPart Three Cloze (20x1 20%)We were young; we were smart; we were looking forward to the world of work. And _____(1) we graduated from Oxford University in the early 1970s, my wife and I thought we'd _____ (2) it all. We'd both have successful, satisfying careers (事业). We'd have _____ (3) time to travel the world and have fun. We'd _____ (4) in our kids' up-bringing and _____ (5) the housework. We believed that the world of staying-at-home moms and job-trapped (为工作所困不能脱身的) dads had_____(6) sometime around 1969.We were _____(7), of course. In her 30s, my wife gave _____(8) her job as a government official to have children. Trying to balance (平衡) work and family, she took part-time jobs that_____(9) some cases were enjoyable _____(10) that never gave her the advancement that you get _____(11)you're in full-time employment.Meanwhile -- first for fun, _____(12)because the extra income helped -- I allowed work to take over my life, spending nights and weekends _____(13) on books or TV films. I've _____ (14) nothing close to the time I wanted to _____ (15) my two daughters. True, there should be some rules against well-paid people complaining about their lot in life, but the three-way balance among work, family and the non-job, non-kid things that _____(16)much spice(情趣) to life- whatever happened _____(17)my tennis game or the trips to foreign lands?-- is nothing_____ (18) what my wife and I imagined it would be. It's not just women who are _____ (19) that modern life has not fulfilled their various needs. _____ (20) are millions of men wh6 wanted their marriage to be a true partnership of equals.1. A) when B) while C) as D) since2. A) do B) have C) take D) make3. A) plenty B) little C) enough D) few4 A) put B) share C) work D) help5 A) divide B) separate C) break D) do6. A) stopped B) ended C) closed D) completed7. A) right B) wrong C) sure D) confused8. A) in B) away C) up D) back9. A) on B) for C) at D) in10. A) but B) or C) and D) however11. A) though B) if C) as D) unless12. A) latter B) later C) secondly D) again13. A) turning B) relying C) working D) looking14. A) done B) taken C) left D) spent15. A) for B) with C) at D) on16. A) add B) increase C) commit D) take17. A) at B) to C) for D) on18. A) as B) to C) like D) for19. A) embarrassed B)wakened C) disappointed D) disturbed20. A) So B) As C) Also D) NorPart Four Put the following words into Chinese. (10x1 10%)Part Five Fill in each of following blanks with a suitable word from the word bank. (10x1 10%)Part Six Translate the following short paragraph into Chinese.(10%)参考答案Part One Reading Comprehension (15x2 30%)1. B2. A3. D4. C5. B6. A7. C8. D9. D 10. B11. B 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. APart Two Vocabulary and Structure (20x1 20%)1. C2. D3. B4. C5. C6. A7. D8. D9. C 10. C11. A 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. CPart Three Cloze (20x1 20%)1. A2. B3. C4. B5. A6. B7. B8. C9. D 10. A11. B 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. APart Four Put the following words into Chinese. (10x1 10%)Part Five Fill in each of following blanks with a suitable word from the word bank. (10x1 10%)Part Six Translate the following short paragraph into Chinese.(10%)。
宁夏大学电子技术基础期末考试试卷
宁夏大学电子技术基础期末考试试卷1、在纯净半导体中掺入微量3价元素形成的是（）型半导体。
[单选题] *A、P(正确答案)B、NC、PND、电子导电2、在P型半导体中，多数载流子是（）。
[单选题] *A、空穴(正确答案)B、电子C、电子空穴对D、原子核3、硅二极管的死区电压为（），导通电压为0.7V。
[单选题] *A、0.2VB、0.3VC、0.5V(正确答案)D、0.7V4、锗二极管的死区电压为（），导通电压为0.3V。
[单选题] *A、0.2V(正确答案)B、0.3VD、0.7V5、若把二极管直接同一个电动势为1.5V，内阻为零的电源实行正向连接，则该管（）。
[单选题] *A、击穿B、电流为零C、电流过大而损坏(正确答案)D、正向电压偏低而截止6、半波整流电路的变压器二次侧电压为10V，其负载上的直流电压为（）。
[单选题] *A、9VB、4.5V(正确答案)C、14VD、2.2V7、桥式整流电路输出的直流电压为变压器二次侧电压有效值的（）倍。
[单选题] *A、0.45B、0.707C、1.414D、0.9(正确答案)8、在桥式整流电路中，整流二极管承受的最高反向电压是（）。
[单选题] *B、 1.4V2(正确答案)C、 0.9V2D、2.8V29、在桥式整流电路中，若有一只整流二极管开路，则（）。
[单选题] *A、可能烧毁元器件B、输出电流变大C、电路变为半波整流(正确答案)D、输出电压为010、晶体二极管内部是由（）所构成的。
[单选题] *A、一个PN结(正确答案)B、两个PN结C、两块N型半导体D、两块P型半导体11、电容滤波器是在负载回路（）而构成的。
[单选题] *A、串联电容B、并联电感C、串联电阻D、并联电容(正确答案)12、电感滤波器是在负载回路（）而构成的。
[单选题] *A、并联电感B、串联电感(正确答案)C、串联电容与电感D、并联电感与电容13、本征半导体又叫（）。
宁夏大学高电压技术期末
宁夏大学高电压技术期末一.单选题（共28题）1、介质被击穿的时间很短,又无明显的温升,可判断是?A、电化学击穿B、热击穿C、电击穿D、各类击穿都有正确答案： C2、SF6气体具有较高绝缘强度的主要原因之一是?A、无色无味性B、不燃性C、无腐蚀性D、电负性正确答案： D3、表示某地区雷电活动强度的主要指标是雷暴小时和?A、耐雷水平B、击杆率C、雷击跳闸率D、雷暴日正确答案： D4、内部过电压可分为两大类,一类是暂时过电压,另一类是?A、外部过电压B、雷电过电压C、操作过电压D、谐振过电压正确答案： C5、在110kV~220kV系统中,为绝缘配合许可的相对地操作过电压的倍数为多少?A、4.0倍B、3.5倍C、3.0倍D、2.75倍正确答案： C6、若导线上方架设有避雷线,则导线上的感应过电压会?A、不变B、升高C、为零D、降低正确答案： D7、暂时过电压可分为两大类,第一类是工频过电压,第二类是?A、雷电过电压B、外部过电压C、操作过电压D、谐振过电压正确答案： D8、由于光辐射而产生电离的形式称为?A、碰撞电离B、光电离C、热电离D、表面电离正确答案： B9、雷击线路时,线路绝缘不发生闪络的最大雷电流幅值称为?A、地面落雷密度B、耐雷水平C、雷击跳闸率D、击杆率正确答案： B10、雷电流通过避雷器阀片电阻时,产生的压降称为?A、额定电压B、冲击放电电压C、残压D、灭弧电压正确答案： C11、避雷器到变压器的最大允许距离会?A、随变压器多次截波耐压值与避雷器残压的差值增大而增大B、随变压器冲击全波耐压值与避雷器冲击放电电压的差值增大而增大C、随来波陡度增大而增大D、随来波幅值增大而增大正确答案： A12、下列表述中,对波阻抗描述不正确的是?A、波阻抗是前行波电压与前行波电流之比B、对于电源来说波阻抗与电阻是等效的C、线路越长,波阻抗越大D、波阻抗的大小与线路的几何尺寸有关正确答案： C13、根据我国有关标准,220KV线路的绕击耐雷水平是?A、12KAB、16kAC、80kAD、120kA正确答案： A14、波在线路上传播,当末端短路时,以下关于反射描述正确的是?A、电流为0,电压增大一倍B、电压为0,电流增大一倍C、电流不变,电压增大一倍D、电压不变,电流增大一倍正确答案： B15、设S1、S2分别为某避雷器及其被保护设备的伏秒特性曲线,要使设备受到可靠保护必须满足?A、S1高于S2B、S1低于S2C、S1等于S2D、S1与S2相交正确答案： B16、不均匀的绝缘试品,如果绝缘严重受潮,则吸收比K将会?A、远大于1B、远小于1C、约等于1D、不确定正确答案： C17、当线路在冲击电压作用下产生冲击电晕时,电压波的波速将( )A、增大B、减小C、保持不变D、变化不定正确答案： B18、发电机突然甩负荷引起的过电压称为?A、操作过电压B、谐振过电压C、大气过电压D、工频过电压正确答案： D19、下列哪种电介质存在杂质“小桥”现象?A、气体B、液体C、固体D、无法确定正确答案： B20、电介质在受潮或受污染后,其相对介电常数将?A、变大B、变小C、不变D、不确定正确答案： A21、切除空载变压器出现过电压的主要原因是?A、电弧重燃B、截流现象C、电容效应D、中性点不接地正确答案： B22、中性点经消弧线圈接地通常采用的运行方式是?A、全补偿B、过补偿C、欠补偿D、不确定正确答案： B23、电晕放电是一种什么放电?A、非自持放电B、自持放电C、火花放电D、滑闪放电正确答案： B24、在极不均匀电场中,正极性击穿电压与负极性击穿电压相比总是?A、小B、大C、相等D、不确定正确答案： A25、越易吸湿的固体,沿面闪络电压就会?A、越高B、不变C、越低D、无法确定正确答案： C26、衡量电介质损耗大小的参数是?A、绝缘电阻B、电介质电导C、电介质极化D、介质损失角正切正确答案： D27、流注理论未考虑下面哪种现象?A、碰撞电离B、表面电离C、光电离D、电荷畸变电场正确答案： B28、雷电流具有冲击波形的特点,冲击波形的特点是?A、缓慢上升,平缓下降B、缓慢上升,快速下降C、迅速上升,平缓下降D、迅速上升,快速下降正确答案： C二.多选题（共11题）1、外部过电压又称为 ?A、大气过电压B、操作过电压C、暂时过电压D、雷电过电压正确答案： AD2、下列哪项措施是限制电晕的有效方法?A、采用分裂导线B、减小电极的曲率半径C、改进电极的形状D、增大电极的曲率半径正确答案： ACD3、下列哪项是SF6气体的性质?A、无色B、无味C、无毒D、可燃正确答案： ABC4、在发电厂和变电站中,对直击雷保护通常采用的方式有?A、避雷针B、避雷线C、并联电容器D、接地装置正确答案： AB5、下面的选项中,非破坏性试验包括?A、绝缘电阻试验B、交流耐压试验C、直流耐压试验D、局部放电试验正确答案： AD6、电晕放电的表现有?A、咝咝的声音B、臭氧的气味C、电极附近空间蓝色的光晕D、没有气味正确答案： ABC7、大气中的哪些因素会影响气体间隙的电离过程?A、密度B、湿度C、温度D、海拔高度正确答案： ABCD8、在弱电场作用下,电介质出现的电气现象主要有?A、极化B、电导C、损耗D、击穿正确答案： ABC9、输电线路遭受直击雷一般有哪几种典型情况?A、雷击杆塔塔顶B、雷击避雷线档距中央C、雷绕过避雷线击于导线D、雷击避雷器正确答案： ABC10、影响液体电介质击穿电压的因素有?A、杂质B、温度C、电场的均匀程度D、电压作用时间正确答案： ABCD11、谐振过电压的类型有?A、线性谐振过电压B、参数谐振过电压C、铁磁谐振过电压D、外部过电压正确答案： ABC三.判断题（共18题）1、制作电容器绝缘时,应该采用相对介电常数较小的电介质。
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宁夏大学期末考试参考答案及评分标准
2006 至2007 学年第二学期
考试科目牧草育种学学分学院农学院年级 2009级
专业草业科学任课教师审核人试题来源
一,名词解释(20分,每题1分)
1,种子活力:种子发育成正常植株的潜在能力.
2,农业种子:农业生产中可直接用做播种材料的植物器官.
3,种子寿命:种子在适当的条件下保持其种子活力的年限.
4,后熟:种子形态成熟后,由于生理上还没有成熟而需要一定时间才能成熟.
5,发芽势:种子在适宜的条件下,在发芽试验规定的前几天长成正常种苗数量与供试种子数的百分比.
6,发芽力:种子在适宜的条件下长成正常种苗的能力.
7,种子萌发:在适宜的条件下种子从静止状态转变的胜利旺盛阶段,形态上表现为胚根,胚芽突破种皮.
8,种子批:是一批一定数量的,在形态上一直的种子,包括品种或种相同,繁殖世代和收获季节相同,生产单位相同,质量一致的一批种子.
9,种子劣变:是种子生理结构和功能发生变化,不是自然衰老(老化)导致生理上的变化.
10,潜在种子产量:单位面积种子胚数乘以种子平均重量即为单位面积种子潜在产量。
二．单项选择题
1、d 2.、b 3 、a 4 、a 5 、d
6、a 7 、c 8 、a 9 、a 10 、b
三．填空题
1.、清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白
2. 乳熟期、黄熟期、完熟期、枯熟期
3. 2% 10F（5.6℃）
4.滞缓期、迅速合成期、终止期
5.、粉质、蛋白质、油质
6.、胚芽胚根
7.紫外线的破坏作用、温度效应
四．判断题
（√）1、牧草种子花芽分化，花芽分化顺序通常是由外向内分化的。
（×）2、常见的禾本科、豆科牧草种子的胚乳发育时，形成的是细胞型胚乳。
（×）3、种子成熟时，初期湿度过低使种子成熟期延长，温度过低则使物质积累不足种子干秕。
（×）4、硬实是由种子后熟作用不完全引起的，它是种子休眠的一种表现形式。
（×）5、激素调节学说指出，种子休眠是由ABA引起的，通过GA可诱导产生ABA抑制的水解酶类，所以引起休眠的生理原因实质是缺乏GA。
（×）6、牧草种子萌发过程中，吸胀时体内发生一系列的物理化学变化，是区分死、活种子的关键时期。
（×）7、种子发芽试验时，种子发芽率是指几次重复发芽率的平均值，只要发芽条件没有改变，就没有必要做重新试验。
（√）8、种子萌发过程中吸收水分前期靠衬质势，后期主要靠渗透势。
（×）9、牧草潜在种子产量于实际种子产量的差距，主要是由于收获过程中机械设备损失造成的。
（×）10、种子老化与恶变是由于储藏库的水分、湿度不合适，种子体内物质代谢变化引起的。
五、简答题（30分）
1、完整种子由哪几个部分组成？各部分是由什么发育而来的？
完整的种子包括种皮（1）、胚（1）和胚乳（1）三个部分其中种皮由珠被发育而来（1），胚由受精卵发育而成的小植物体（1），胚乳由受精的中央极核发育而来（1）。
2、牧草种子萌发分为几个过程？
一般种子萌发可分为三个阶段
（1）吸胀种子萌发的最初阶段，是指干种子在与水分直接接触或在湿度较高的环境中，种子通过其内部的亲水胶体所产生的压力吸收水分的物理过程（2）。
（2）萌动种胚细胞体积扩大到一定程度后，胚根尖端突破种皮，这一现象称为萌动，是种子萌发的第二阶段（2）。
（3）发芽种子萌动后，随着细胞分裂的加快，种子胚根和胚芽伸出种皮一定程度称为种子发芽（2）。
3、牧草种子检验的意义是什么？
（1）促进种子生产规范化、标准化（2）。
（2）提高种子生产、销售部门的信誉（2）。
（3）提高种子品质和时常竞争力（2）。
4、影响种子寿命的因素是什么？
（1）遗传特性
（2）生理特征：种子所在的生理状态，如休眠等。
（3）水分：自身含水量和贮藏含水量
（4）贮藏温度：
（5）气体：CO2和O2的比例。
5、牧草种子相对于农作物而言有哪些特点？
由于收获目的不同和牧草驯化时间比较短牧草种子常具备以下特点：
种子细小（1），
常具有附属物（1），
常具有休眠或硬实等特性（1），
种子结实率低（1），
种子成熟不一致（1），
具有落粒性（1）：
六．论述题（20分）
1、引起牧草种子休眠的原因有哪些？怎么打破休眠？
引起种子休眠的主要原因包括
（1）、种（果）皮的透性或机械束缚引起的休眠（2分）
透水性差或不透水（硬实）
透气性
机械束缚
（2）、胚未完成后熟（2分）
胚器官分化不完善（形态后熟），胚处于原胚时期或胚很小。
种胚分化完善但不具生长能力（生理后熟），缺乏代谢物质，如酶、激素等。
（3）、种子萌发的抑制物引起的休眠（2分）
种子或果实中存在抑制种子发芽的物质，如氨、氰化氢、乙烯、芳香油类、生物碱类以及各种有机酸类。
其性质不同：水溶，有机溶剂可溶、挥发性。
（4）、光效应引起的休眠（2分）
光敏色素系统调控。
Pfr大于阀值，种子能在暗处萌发，Pfr小于阀值时，种子萌发需要光照。
（5）综合休眠：由两种以上的因素引起的休眠。
（1分）
破除休眠的方法：
（1）物理处理（3分）
（a）温度处理：低温处理、高温处理、变温处理
（b）机械处理：檫破种皮、高压处理
（c）射线、超声波处理
（2）化学处理方法（3分）
（a）无机化学药物处理
（b）有机药物处理
（c）植物激素
2、限制暖季型草坪草种子生产的因素是什么？
主要因素包括：
（1）种子遗传特性：暖季型草坪草由于其具有强大的无性繁殖能力，所以在长期的进化过程中形成其繁殖策略，种子繁殖能力相对下降，而主要依赖无性繁殖，很多暖季型草坪草都具有结实率低、种子发芽率低等特点，这在很大程度上限制了暖季草坪草的种子生产。
（3分）
（2）光照：种子生产除了要满足植物正常生活史所需要的环境条件外，还。