(Key) Unit 2(Part II-Self-esteem)

Unit 2 （part II）Self-esteem
Scientists have learned a great deal about 1.the parts of brain and their functions. They have also studied 2.the development of the personality, for example, 3.how a baby learns to love. In recent studies at two universities in the United States, scientists have investigated 4.the development of self-esteem.
Self-esteem is 5.the respect a person has for himself, 6.his belief in his ability and in the value of 7.what he does. The scientists studied self-esteem in 8.young boys. They gave them 9.many tests. These tests 10.measured the boys’abilities and also how they felt about their own abilities. After the tests, the boys 11.were divided into three groups ——those with 12.high self-esteem, those with 13.middle self-esteem and those with 14.low self-esteem. The scientists continued to study the boys 15.in all situations. They studied them 16.at home, at work, in school, and with their friends.
From their studies, the scientists 17.made some observations. Boys with high self-esteem were 18.active. They were able to 19.express their ideas. They were 20.successful in school and in their 21.relations with other people. In discussions, they 22.led. They didn’t just listen. They were interested in 23.world problems. They were 24.creative and believed that they could finish 25.whatever they started. They seldom became
26.tired or sick. In many ways, the boys with middle self-esteem 27.were like the boys with high self-esteem. They too expressed their ideas 28.freely and saw the world as a good and happy place. However, they were not sure of their 29.own value as people. They did their best work when they were sure that other people liked them. The boys with low self-esteem were 30.different from the other two groups. They were 31.sad most of the time. They were afraid to 32.start activities. They felt that no one loved them. They could not express their ideas. They were afraid of 33.anger. In a discussion, they listened, but they 34.didn’t talk.
The scientists asked, “How do some boys 35.develop high self-esteem?”“What is different in their lives?”Some of the answers were 36.surprising. High self-esteem did not depend upon 37.physical appearance, or money, or size of family. It did not depend upon 38.how much the mother was at home. The scientists found that there was a 39.closeness between the boys with high self-esteem and their parents. Their parents showed 40.real interest in them. They listened to their sons and gave them help when the boys asked for it. They knew their sons’friends. The sons knew that they were 41.important to their parents. These parents 42.demanded good behavior. They made 43.definite rules. They were 44.strict, but 45.not harsh. They corrected their sons’ behavior 46.by rewards, 47.not by punishment. They never took away their love. On the other hand, the parents of boys with low self-esteem let their sons
48.do almost anything. If a boy made a mistake, the patents punished him
49.harshly. The boys believed that their parents didn’t love them. There were 50.no definite rules. The family life of the boys with high self-esteem was 51.democratic. The parents made rules, but they led 52.in a kind and thoughtful way. They 53.showed respect for their children’s ideas, even when they did not agree with them. They let the boys 54.give their opinions in discussions of family plans. These boys were 55.productive citizens. Now these scientists are studying other groups of children. They want to learn how to help children with low self-esteem
56.feel better about themselves. In this way, these children can become
57.productive citizens too.。