BeagleBone_black体验amp环境搭建
BeagleBoneBlack的内核移植-从零开始制作镜像
BeagleBoneBlack的内核移植-从零开始制作镜像很多年前做的针对BeagleBone Black开发板的镜像制作，因为当时涉及到⾮标准化的，所以把基本的kernel、uboot和跟⽂件系统rootfs都做了⼀遍，⽂中只做移植，不作定制化的修改。
如果觉得哪⾥有问题，或者操作有误，欢迎留⾔斧正。
码⽂不易，转载请申明出处和链接。
使⽤bbb⼯业版移植内核，主要做的是⼏个⽅⾯：在linux下安装交叉编译器下载并编译uboot下载并编译linux下载rootfs制作uEnv.txt给予启动制作sd卡，把相关的镜像复制卡内，即完⼯以下为具体的操作步骤，本⽂⽤的linux操作系统为ubuntu16.041.安装交叉编译器安装交叉编译器sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf安装完后可以查看交叉编译器版本arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v本⽂交叉编译器版本为gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu/Linaro 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.4)2.下载并编译uboot以下假设所有的⽂件和操作路径都是在~/bb-linux下sudo mkdir ~/bb-linux/下载,并把⽂件传进ubuntu解压unzip -d ~/bb-linux/ u-boot-master.zipcd ~/bb-linux/u-boot-master/git checkout v2017.03-rc2 -b tmp下载相应的patch路径：~/bb-linux/u-boot-masterwget -c https:///repos/git/u-boot-patches/v2017.03-rc2/0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patchwget -c https:///repos/git/u-boot-patches/v2017.03-rc2/0002-U-Boot-BeagleBone-Cape-Manager.patchpatch -p1 < 0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patchpatch -p1 < 0002-U-Boot-BeagleBone-Cape-Manager.patch编译u-boot路径：~/bb-linux/u-boot-mastermake ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- distcleanmake ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- am335x_boneblack_defconfigmake ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf-编译完成后在⽬录下能看到MLO 和 u-boot.img这两个⽂件。
BeagleBone Black 安装操作系统说明书
BeagleBone Black: Installing OperatingSystemsCreated by Justin Cooperhttps:///beaglebone-black-installing-operating-systemsLast updated on 2023-08-29 02:20:17 PM EDT33445571012Table of ContentsOverviewChoosing an Operating SystemAngstrom• Download• Default User/Password and SSH Ubuntu• Download• Default User/Password and SSH Copying the Image to a microSD CardWindowsMac OS X• Using a GUI• Using the command line Flashing the BeagleBone BlackFAQOverviewThe BeagleBone Black includes a 2GB or 4GB on-board eMMC flash memory chip. It comes with the Debian distribution factory pre-installed. You can flash new operating systems including Angstrom, Ubuntu, Android, and others. The following pages will illustrate the steps to getting the latest of each type of supported distribution onto the on-board eMMC.In addition to the eMMC, you can also boot directly from a microSD card similarly to the original BeagleBone.Choosing an Operating SystemThere are a few operating systems you can choose to use on your BeagleBone Black. The following sub-pages include the download location, and some useful information about each operating system you may want to use.Angstrom, Ubuntu, and Debian all appear to have stable images.Android is currently working from a 3rd party build. We don't have a guide on how toinstall this as of yet.AngstromAngstrom is the default Linux distribution that is pre-installed on the eMMC on the BeagleBone Black. It's a stripped down version of Linux specifically designed for embedded devices.Depending on how long ago you purchased your BeagleBone Black, you may not have the latest version of Angstrom installed. It's usually preferable to get the latest version, especially this early in the product's lifecycle.DownloadTo start with, download the latest version of Angstrom for the BeagleBone Black. You can find the latest version at the BeagleBoard Latest Images () page. Once you've downloaded the file, you'll want to jump to the section for your specific OS (Mac OS X, Linux, Windows).Default User/Password and SSHThe default login user/password for angstrom is "root". There is no password set, so you can bypass the password prompt by just hitting enter without typing anything in. Angstrom comes with the Avahi Daemon pre-installed. This is really useful because you can now ssh in simply by using 'beaglebone.local' instead of trying to find the IP address. For example, type this into your favorite terminal:************************UbuntuUbuntu is an unsupported operating system for the BeagleBone Black (BBB), but does have quite a few users, and a stable image with the 3.8 Linux kernel. DownloadTo start with, download the latest version of Ubuntu for the BeagleBone Black. You can find the latest version at the Ubuntu software support page (). Choose the file that is compatible with flashing to the eMMC. Once you've downloaded the file, you'll want to jump to the section for your specific OS (Mac OS X, Linux, Windows).It is important that you download a version of Ubuntu specifically built for the BeagleBone Black unless you're an expert at configuring Linux and working with thekernel. It's not necessary to download the most recent version, but it's highly recommended. The BBB ecosystem is rapidly changing, and each release offers many new improvements.Default User/Password and SSHIf you've used the the image to flash Ubuntu to the eMMC, the default username for Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail) is "ubuntu". The default password is 'temppwd'. Ubuntu does not come with the avahi daemon pre-installed, so you'll need to ssh in using the IP address using your favorite terminal:**************.1.15Copying the Image to a microSD CardOnce you've downloaded an image for the operating system you're interested in using, you'll need to copy it to a microSD card in order to flash it onto the BeagleBone Black's built-in eMMC flash. It sounds confusing, but it's rather simple.Navigate to the next sub-page for the host operating system you'll be using to copy the image to the microSD card.WindowsOnce you've downloaded the img.xz file, in my case it is titled BBB-eMMC-flasher-2013.05.08.img.xz, you'll need to extract the archive. To extract the archive, you'll want to download and install 7zi ()p. 7zip is a free and open source utility that is able to extract img.xz files (among many other file types!).It will take a minute or two to extract the file, and you should then end up with a 3.66 GB .img file (notice that the .xz is removed from the file extension).Next, download the free Win32 Disk Imager () software that we'll use to copy theimage to the microSD card. After downloading the software, extract it from the zip file (7zip can be used here as well).Launch the Win32 Disk Imager Software by double clicking the "Win32DiskImager"file in the folder that you extracted it to. You should see the following screen once it launches:Click the folder icon (arrow pointed to it above), and choose the image file, and click Open:Next, insert your SD card, and choose the correct "Device" drive letter. You may want to open windows explorer to help figure out which one to choose. Another way is to view the drive letters by clicking the dropdown below "Device", and then inserting your SD card to see which one gets added to the list.Once you've made your selections, click the "Write" button illustrated above, and wait for it to complete writing to your SD Card.You can now continue on to the Flashing the BeagleBone Black () page to continue. Mac OS XOnce you've downloaded the img.xz file, in my case it is titled BBB-eMMC-flasher-2013.05.08.img.xz, you'll need to extract the archive. I've found the easiest utility to use is called "The Unarchiver". You can find it on the app store, or from their site (). Once you've installed "The Unarchiver", just navigate to the .img.xz file, typically located in Finder in the "Downloads" section, and double click the file to begin extraction.It will take a minute or two to extract the file, and you should then end up with a 3.66 GB .img file (notice that the .xz is removed from the file extension).There are now a few ways to continue. You can use terminal commands, or software that will guide you through it. Let's start with the guided software using a graphical interface.Using a GUIFirst, you'll want to download PiFiller (). It was designed to install images onto SD cards for the Raspberry PI, but there isn't any reason why it wouldn't work for BeagleBone images as well.Once you've downloaded Pi Filler, locate it in Finder (typically Downloads), and double click it to extract it. You may want to copy it to your Applications folder.Launch Pi Filler, and follow the on-screen prompts. The first thing it will ask is for you to locate your .img file. It mentions the Raspberry Pi, but you can ignore that, it doesn't make any difference.Select the appropriate .img file, and click "Choose".Then, insert your microSD card into your Mac, and click Continue. Pi Filler will look foryour SD Card, and then notify you once it finds it.Click Continue once you're certain its found the correct SD card.It can take 15-20 minutes to write the image to the microSD card. Once it's complete, remove the microSD card and insert it into the powered down BeagleBone Black. You will only be able to insert the card one way, and it needs to snap in fully. Navigate to the Flashing the BeagleBone Black () page, and follow the instructions on how to flash the newly copied image onto the on-board flash memory of the BeagleBone Black.Using the command lineAnother alternative is to flash the microSD card entirely from the command line. You'll first want to extract the img.xz file you've downloaded, and the best program for that is still "The Unarchiver" mentioned in the GUI instructions. Once you've got the extracted .img file, open a terminal to get started.Execute the following command to see the list of connected storage devices:df -hNext, insert your microSD card, and then execute the following command again:df -hCompare the two outputs, and find the newly added device. In my case, the microSD card was '/dev/disk4s1'.Once you've got the name of the device, you'll want to unmount that disk using the following command, but replacing the specifics with your card details:sudo diskutil unmount /dev/disk4s1Now, you'll want to execute the command that actually copies the image onto the SD card. You have to be really careful here, and make sure you're entering the correct device details. You could end up copying over the wrong drive, such as your master hard disk, and then you'd end up having a bad day. Double check everything!Note that we subtly changed the device name from "/dev/disk4s1" to "/dev/rdisk4". You'll want to do the same when you execute the below command.Also, choose the right file location for your .img file in the input file field (if=...).sudo dd bs=1m if=~/Downloads/BBB-eMMC-flasher-2013.05.08.img of=/dev/rdisk4This process can take anywhere from 15-30 minutes depending on the speed of your computer and microSD card. Once it has completed, remove the microSD card, and insert it fully into the BeagleBone Black microSD card slot.Navigate to the Flashing the BeagleBone Black () page, and follow the instructions on how to flash the newly copied image onto the on-board flash memory of the BeagleBone Black.Flashing the BeagleBone BlackNow that you have the latest image of Angstrom loaded onto your microSD card slot, you'll need to flash it onto the on-board flash memory of the BeagleBone Black.To start, make sure the BeagleBone Black is powered down, and unplugged from thepower source.Now, insert the microSD card into the slot on the back of the BeagleBone Black. It should snap into place.Now, find the "User Boot" button. it's located on the same side of the BeagleBone Black as the microSD card slot, and is the only button in that area. See the below screenshot (from ) highlighting the 'User Boot" button.Hold the "User Boot" button down, and then plug in the power (USB or 5V adaptor). Keep holding down the button until you see the bank of 4 LED's light up for a few seconds. You can now release the button.It will take anywhere from 30-45 minutes to flash the image onto the on-board chip. Once it's done, the bank of 4 LED's to the right of the Ethernet will all turn off. You can then power down your BeagleBone Black.Remove the SD Card, and power up your BeagleBone Black.FAQWhen I attempt to flash the OS onto the on-board eMMC memory, nothing happens. What do I do?If you've followed the "Flashing the BeagleBone Black" instructions exactly, and nothing really happens when you attempt to flash it (the 4 LED's don't light up),then you can try the following suggestions:Ensure you have a good power supply. This is the most important thing as flashing the BBB is pretty power intensive. The USB power supply featured in this guide is fully capable.Unplug the Ethernet while flashing. It can consume a bit of powerunnecessarily.Try again. Sometimes it can take a couple of tries to get the process going.Also, make sure you've held the user boot button down the entire time until the LED's light up, prior to plugging in the power. Re-seat the SD card.Copy the image to your SD card again. It's possible that this process wasn't fully successful.How do I use ssh-keygen to generate ssh keys on Angstrom?Angstrom comes pre-installed with the dropbear ssh package by default, instead of the more common openssh package. The easiest way to generate ssh keys is to simply install the openssh-keygen client.You can do this by executing the following command:opkg update ; opkg install openssh-keygen1. 2. 3. 4.How do I set the time and date? It's always wrong when I reboot.There are a few options. The first would be to setup a real time clock breakout board.Another option is to execute the following command (configure it to execute on startup as well):/usr/bin/ntpdate -b -s -u How can I use opkg upgrade on Angstrom?Execute the following commands. tmpfs is quite small on the default Angstrom installation.opkg --tmp-dir ~ updateopkg --tmp-dir ~ upgrade。
AM335x 处理器 SDK RTOS 板库端口和启动说明书
Board Porting\Bring up using Processor SDK RTOS for AM335xProcessor SDK RTOS component known as board library consolidates all the board-specific information so that all the modifications made when moving to a new custom platform using the SOC can be made in the source of this library.There are three different components in PRSDK that help in porting and bring up of a custom board:∙Board library updatesa.PLL Clocking and PRCMb.Pin mux Updatec.DDR Configurationd.Peripheral instances updates∙Diagnostics tests∙Boot loader updatesBoard Library Updates in Processor SDK RTOS:PLL ClockingThere are two places where the device PLL configurations are performed when using Processor SDK RTOS and CCS.Debug environment:Debug environment refers to development setup where code is debugged using JTAG emulator on the SOC. The PRSDK software relies on the GEL file that is part of the target configuration to setup the clocks and the DDR for the device. The CCS GEL file for AM335x platforms is located in the CCS package at the location ccsv7\ccs_base\emulation\boards\<boardName>For example for beagle bone black, the files can be found atccsv7\ccs_base\emulation\boards\beaglebone\gelThe GEL is the first piece of software that should be brought up on a custom board.Production environment:Production environment refers to the setup when the base application is booted from a boot media like a flash memory or host interface. In this environment, the bootloader sets performs all the SOC and board initialization and copies the application from flash memory to the device memory.The clock setup in the bootloader code can be located atpdk_am335x_x_x_x\packages\ti\starterware\bootloader\src\am335xUsers can choose to use the platform clocking similar to one of TI reference platforms or can modify them as per their application requirements. By default the PLL settings are setup for OPP_NOM settings (MPU= 600 MHz.)TI provides Clock Tree tool to allow users to simulate the clocking on the SOC. For quick reference of the multiplier and divider settings to change the PLL setting is provided in the spreadsheetAM335x_DPLL_CALCv3.xlsx.After modifying the clocking in the bootloader, users need to rebuild the bootloader using instructions provided in Processor_SDK_RTOS_BOOT_AM335x/AM437xPRCM Modules Enable:PRCM Module Enable is required to turn on the power domain and the clocking to each of the modules on the SOC. The PRCM Enable calls to enable each module are made from the functionBoard_moduleClockInit which is found in the location.pdk_am335x_1_0_9\packages\ti\board\src\bbbAM335x\bbbAM335x.cCheck every instance and peripheral required in the application platform and enable the module in the board library.For example to use three UARTs 0, 1 and 4, ensure that you have the following code as part of the board library setup:/* UART */status = PRCMModuleEnable(CHIPDB_MOD_ID_UART, 0U, 0U);status = PRCMModuleEnable(CHIPDB_MOD_ID_UART, 1U, 0U);status = PRCMModuleEnable(CHIPDB_MOD_ID_UART, 4U, 0U);Note: PRCMEnable function is defined in pdk_am335x_1_0_9\packages\ti\starterware\soc\am335x Pinmux updates in the Board library:Generating a New PinMux Configuration Using the PinMux Utility: This procedure uses the cloud-based pinmux utilityNavigate to ${PDK_INSTALL_DIR}\packages\ti\starterware\tools\pinmux_config\am335x and Load beaglebone_black_configAdd and remove peripheral instances and select the appropriate use cases required for development based on the application platform requirements and resolve all conflicts.Refer Pin_Mux_Utility_for_ARM_MPU_ProcessorsPost Processing steps:1.Change the Category filter to starterware and download the pinmux files am335x_pimnmux.hand am335x_pinmux_data.c2.At the bottom of am335x_pinmux.h change extern pinmuxBoardCfg_t gAM335xPinmuxData[];to extern pinmuxBoardCfg_t gBbbPinmuxData[];3.Change am335x_pinmux_data.c to am335x_beagleboneblack_pinmux_data.c.4.Change gAM335xPinmuxData to gBbbPinmuxData at the end of the file in file5.am335x_beagleboneblack_pinmux_data.c.Replace the existing files with the new files and rebuild the board library using the instructions in the section Rebuilding board Library in Processor SDK RTOS:Updating DDR settings:Similar to clock and PLL settings, DDR initialization is configured in the Debug environment through GEL files and in production environment using bootloader source files.TI provides AM335x_EMIF_Configuration_tips which contains a spreadsheet to enter the timing from the DDR datasheet to compute the EMIF timing number required to initialize DDR.We strongly recommend changing the value and testing using GEL files before using them in the bootloader software. For Sanity test, you can perform read/write tests using CCS Memory Browser or run the diagnostic memory read/write test that we provide in diagnostics package here:PDK_INSTALL_PATH\packages\ti\board\diag\memOnce the DDR timings have been confirmed, you can use the settings in the file:PDK_INSTALL_PATH \packages\ti\starterware\bootloader\src\am335x\sbl_am335x_platform_ddr.c Peripheral initialization:The board library is responsible for most of the SOC initialization but it also setup some board level components such as ethernet PHY and debug UART and I2C for reading board ID from EEPROM. All of the other peripheral instances and initialization needs to be done from the application level.For example for beagleboneblack, the peripheral initialization are performed from the source filepdk_am335x_1_0_9\packages\ti\board\src\bbbAM335x\bbbAM335x_lld_init.cThe debug UART instance, I2C Addresses are set using the file board_cfg.h found under:pdk_am335x_1_0_9\packages\ti\board\src\bbbAM335x\includeDefault UART instance is set to 0 in the board library. The Board initialization will configure the UART instance 0 to send binary log data to serial console using the Board_UARTInit function. If you wish to use more UART instances then we recommend linking in the UART driver in the application and using UART_open() and UART_stdioInit API calls from the application.Each peripheral driver in the Processor SDK RTOS has a SOC configuration that provides the interrupt numbers, base address, EDMA channels which can be updated using the file <peripheral>_soc.c file. This is used as default setup for initializing the driver instance. It can be overridden from the application using peripheral_getSOCInitCfg() and peripheral_setSOCInitCfg()For Example: All instances of UART for AM335x have been mapped in the filepdk_am335x_1_0_9\packages\ti\drv\uart\soc\am335x\UART_soc.cSystem integrators need to ensure that no interrupt numbers and EDMA resource conflicts exist in the SOC configuration for all drivers used in the system.To exercise three UARTs in the system, users can use the following code://Setup Debug UARTboardCfg = BOARD_INIT_PINMUX_CONFIG |BOARD_INIT_MODULE_CLOCK |BOARD_INIT_UART_STDIO;Board_init(boardCfg);// Open Additional UART Instances:/* UART SoC init configuration */UART_initConfig(false);/* Initialize the default configuration params. */UART_Params_init(&uartParams);// Open UART Instance 1uartTestInstance =1;uart1 = UART_open(uartTestInstance, &uartParams);//Open UART Instance 4uartTestInstance = 4;uart4 = UART_open(uartTestInstance, &uartParams);BoardID Detect:TI supports multiple evaluation and reference platforms for AM335x hence the hardware platforms are populated with an EEPROM which contains information that identifies the hardware and its revision. The board library and software components read the boardID and initialize the platform based on the boardID. The BoardID_detect function can be found in the source in the file bbbAM335x_info.c in the board library and board_am335x.c in the bootloader source at:<PDK_INSTALL_PATH>\packages\ti\starterware\board\am335xRebuilding board Library in Processor SDK RTOS:While Creating a new folder for the custom board is an option users can explore, TI recommends that users make there changes in existing board package using either bbbAM335x, evmAM335x oriceAM335x folder to avoid spending additional effort to modify the build files for including the customBord.Once all the update to the board library are completed, the board library can be updated using the following instructions.Instructions to rebuild board library:Setup Processor SDK build environment before following steps provided below.cd pdk_am335x_1_0_9\packagesgmake board_libFor a specific board users are required to provide the LIMIT_BOARDS argument.LIMIT_BOARDS : evmAM335x icev2AM335x iceAMIC110 bbbAM335x skAM335xFor Example for beagleboneblack, users can use the following build option:gmake board_lib LIMIT_BOARDS=bbbAM335xDiagnostics:After the board library is built, we highly recommend that you create a diagnostics package similar to one provided in board library to test different interfaces functionally during board bring up.The diagnostics package can be located at pdk_am335x_1_0_9\packages\ti\board\diag. These are simple bare-metal tests that use peripheral drivers to help functionally validate the pins and interfaces.Documentation for all available diagnostic tests is provided here:/index.php/Processor_SDK_RTOS_DIAGBootloader in Processor SDK RTOS:As part of the production flow, users are required to develop/port flashing and booting utilities so the application can be launched on the custom board with JTAG. TI provides a bootloader mechanism where the ROM bootloader loads a secondary bootloader on the onchip memory that initializes the SOC and DDR and then copies the application into DDR memory.The boot process and flashing tools have been described in detail in the following article that is part of processor SDK RTOS Software developer`s guide:/index.php/Processor_SDK_RTOS_BOOT_AM335x/AM437x#Building_the_B ootloader。
beagleboard-xM构建交叉编译环境
玩转BeagleBoard xM——建立虚拟机开发环境和嵌入式Linux系统分类：beagleboard xM linux kernel rootfs 2012-07-28 10:36 343人阅读评论(0) 收藏举报在Beagleboard xM（简称bb）上建立能运行Linux系统，包括了创建启动用的TF卡，编译生成bootloader（MLO和u-boot.bin），编译生成内核镜像文件（uImage或zImage 文件），创建rootfs（Linux根文件系统）等工作。
这些工作需要在一台配置ARM交叉编译环境的Linux系统上完成。
下面分步完成整个系统的建立过程，直至Linux系统在bb上boot起来，进入shell命令行。
STEP 1：建立ARM嵌入式开发环境利用ARM交叉编译环境，可以x86系统上，编译ARM处理器上可执行的目标代码。
主要用于编译bb上的bootloader、内核镜像，以及其它ARM可执行程序。
具体步骤：（1）在VMware上创建一个虚拟机，安装发行版的ubuntu系统，用于建立ARM嵌入式开发环境。
（2）安装arm-linux-gcc，建立ARM交叉编译环境（需要root权限）1、下载arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2.tgz压缩包2、tar -xzvf arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2.tgz，自动解压至/user/local/arm/目录下。
ARM交叉编译器的所有可执行程序在/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin/目录下。
3、配置root用户环境变量，修改/etc/bash.bashrc文件#vi /etc/bash.bashrc在最后加上export PATH＝$PATH:/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin4、测试arm-linux-gcc -v，会执行编译器，正常显示版本信息表示已安装配置成功STEP 2：创建bootloader和boot.scrTI OMAP系列处理器上的bootloader专指x-loader（MLO）和u-boot（u-boot.bin)，两者用于完成Linux内核启动前的配置部分硬件系统配置，解压加载内核Image文件并引导内核启动。
设置BeagleBone Black的WiFi说明书
Setting up WiFi with BeagleBone BlackCreated by Tony DiColahttps:///setting-up-wifi-with-beaglebone-blackLast updated on 2023-08-29 02:36:55 PM EDT347Table of ContentsOverviewHardware• HDMI Port Interference• PowerConfiguration• Kernel Upgrade• WiFi Reset Service• WiFi ConfigurationOverviewHave you been pulling your hair out trying to get WiFi working consistantly on a BeagleBone Black? Don't worry there are some easily solved problems that could be causing your WiFi grief! For example did you know the HDMI port can interfere with small WiFI adapter antennas? Or that you can upgrade the Linux kernel to improve WiFi driver stability? Follow this guide to learn how to avoid common pitfalls and configure your BeagleBone Black to work with a USB WiFi adapter!Before you get started make sure you're running the latest official Debian image () on your BeagleBone Black. It's very important to use the Debian operating system on your BeagleBone Black to follow this guide! If you aren't familiar with how to install an operating system on the device, check out this handy BeagleBone Black operating system install guide ().Also if you are new to the BeagleBone Black you will want to familiarize yourself with how to connect to it and interact with the command shell using SSH. This guide will show you the basics of accessing the BeagleBone Black with SSH ().HardwareTo setup WiFi with your BeagleBone Black you'll need a USB WiFi adapter that is compatible with the BeagleBone Black's Debian operating system. Be sure to read the BeagleBone Black wiki's list of known working WiFi adapters () and consider using a device from that list.Unfortunately the choice of WiFi adapter for the BeagleBone Black is a littlemore complicated compared to other Linux boards like the Raspberry Pi. The BeagleBone Black's official Debian image uses an old version 3.8 of the Linux kernel compared to more recent versions like 3.15+. Since WiFi drivers are typically included in the Linux kernel source, running an old kernel means running old and potentially buggy WiFi adapter drivers.Out of the box the 3.8 kernel seems to have problems with popular WiFi adapters, like the Realtek-based adapters in the Adafruit store. In particular you might experience problems like the WiFi adapter randomly not connecting to a wireless network on boot. I'll show later in the guide that a simple script to reset the wireless adapter on boot greatly improves reliability of Realtek and other adapters on the BeagleBone Black.If you're a more experienced Linux user you might be wondering if you can upgrade the Linux kernel to a later version like 3.14 or 3.15 to get more reliable WiFi drivers.You can, but you need to be careful because later kernels right now don't support the same functionality, like device tree overlays (), as the 3.8 kernel. Kernel support beyond 3.8 is improving every day so you should search and consult the BeagleBoneBlack support group () for the latest information on kernel stability and feature support if you want to use a newer kernel. I'll show later in the guide how to make sure you're using the latest 3.8 version kernel so you're getting the most up to date drivers.HDMI Port InterferenceOne common issue with WiFi on the BeagleBone Black is poor performance from WiFi adapters with small internal antennas. The problem is that the ground and power planes of the HDMI port are right below the USB port and dampen the WiFi signal (). This will manifest as poor signal quality and reliability with small USB WiFi adapters that are very close to the USB port.There are two ways to deal with this interference issue, one is to use a small USB extension cable / adapter (http://adafru.it/974) or small USB hub (http://adafru.it/961) (e ven an unpowered hub would work fine) to move the WiFi adapter farther away from the BeagleBone Black. For example the photo below shows a small hub that moves a tiny WiFi adapter away from the BeagleBone Black:A second option is to completely disable the HDMI port by manipulating the device tree (). This option is only possible if you do not need to output any video or audio signal over the HDMI port!Of the two options I would stick with the first, moving the adapter away from theboard, since it's simpler and will still let you use the HDMI port. However if you can'tmove the WiFi adapter away you can follow the steps below to disable HDMI.First connect your BeagleBone Black's USB port to your computer and connect to it with SSH (). Then mount and edit the uEnv.txt file that controls boot configuration by executing:mkdir /mnt/bootmount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/bootnano /mnt/boot/uEnv.txtYou should see the nano text editor appear with the contents of the uEnv.txt file like this:Notice the lines in the middle that mention disabling HDMI:##Disable HDMI#cape_disable=capemgr.disable_partno=BB-BONELT-HDMI,BB-BONELT-HDMINRemove the # in front of the cape_disable command so it looks like:##Disable HDMIcape_disable=capemgr.disable_partno=BB-BONELT-HDMI,BB-BONELT-HDMINBe careful to edit the correct line! If you disable the HDMI/eMMC line you might disable booting from the internal flash memory of the BeagleBone Black.Save the file by pressing Ctrl-O and then Enter. Finally quit nano by pressing Ctrl-X.Reboot your BeagleBone Black and it should have the HDMI port disabled.If you need to enable the HDMI port again just edit the uEnv.txt file with the same procedure above and add the # comment back in front of the disable HDMI line. PowerFinally make sure you are powering your BeagleBone Black with a sufficient power supply to support your WiFi adapter. Most computer or laptop USB ports do not supply enough power to support a BeagleBone Black and WiFi adapter!Make sure you're using a 5 volt power supply with at least 1 amp or more of current. You can plug a simple external 5V power supply (http://adafru.it/276) right into the BeagleBone Black's barrel jack.Don't skimp on powering your device properly or else you will have instabilityand poor WiFi performance!ConfigurationOnce you have the hardware setup you're ready to configure the BeagleBone Black to use your WiFi adapter.Kernel UpgradeFirst you will want to make sure you're running the very latest version of the 3.8 series kernel. Like mentioned in the previous page, you want to use the most recent Linux kernel to get the most recent and stable WiFi drivers. Luckily you don't need to be a Linux expert to upgrade the kernel because a script is included with your BeagleBone Black's Debian installation to automatically upgrade to the latest stable 3.8 version kernel.In my testing I found upgrading the BeagleBone Black's kernel was mandatory to get reliable WiFi performance. Don't skip this step, be sure to upgrade the kernel! Make sure your device is connected to the internet (through the ethernet port for example), power it on, and connect to the terminal with SSH. Run the following commands to start the kernel upgrade:cd /opt/scripts/tools/./update_kernel.shYou should see the script download a kernel image and perform the installation automatically. After a few minutes the uprade will complete and tell you to reboot your device. Follow the instructions and reboot by executing the command:rebootAfter the device reboots the kernel upgrade is complete!WiFi Reset ServiceThe next step is to install a small script that will reset the WiFi interface by bringing it down and back up again automatically on boot. With the latest 3.8 kernel I found this reset script was necessary to get reliable performance with Realtek and some Atheros WiFi adapters, so don't skip installing it! Later kernels or more stable adapters might not require the reset service, but it can't hurt to install it for them too.To install the service connect again to the device in a terminal with SSH and execute these commands:cd ~ntpdate -b -s -u apt-get update && apt-get install gitgit clone https:///adafruit/wifi-reset.gitcd wifi-resetchmod +x install.sh./install.shAfter executing the install.sh script you should see a response like the following: Installing wifi reset service to /opt/wifi-reset.Installing systemd service to run at boot.Enabling systemd service.If you see an error message, go back and carefully check the commands above were executed.That's all you need to do to install the wifi reset service!Note that if you'd ever like to disable the WiFi reset service you can execute this command to do so:systemctl disable wifi-reset.serviceWiFi ConfigurationFinally it's time to configure the wireless connection for your BeagleBone Black. To start, power down the device completely and insert the WiFi adapter into the USB port. Remember the HDMI port can cause interference so you might need to use a small extension or hub to move your adapter away from the board!Power up your BeagleBone Black and connect to it in a terminal with SSH, then run the following command to list any wireless interfaces available:iwconfigYou should see a response with a wlan0 name and some details about the wireless adapter's capabilities. For example I see the following response for my adapter:wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:off/anyMode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=0 dBmRetry long limit:7 RTS thr=2347 B Fragment thr:offEncryption key:offPower Management:onlo no wireless extensions.eth0 no wireless extensions.usb0 no wireless extensions.Note that if you see a different name than wlan0, like ra0, take note of that name as it will be used in the configuration later.Now you'll edit the /etc/network/interfaces file to specify WiFi network connection details. Run the following command to open the nano text editor:nano /etc/network/interfacesYou should see a file like the following appear:Notice there's a commented block showing a WiFi configuration example:# WiFi Example#auto wlan0#iface wlan0 inet dhcp# wpa-ssid "essid"# wpa-psk "password"Configuring most WiFi networks is as easy as uncommenting the lines and filling in the details for your network. For example if I were connecting to a WiFi network with name "adafruit" and password "mypassword" I would edit the configuration to look like:# WiFi Exampleauto wlan0iface wlan0 inet dhcpwpa-ssid "adafruit"wpa-psk "mypassword"If you're connecting to a more complex WiFi network, such as one with a 'hidden' SSID or that needs a static IP address, you might need to add more to the configuration. Check out the guide on setting up WiFi with a Raspberry Pi () as the configuration in /etc/network/interfaces is the same on the BeagleBone Black as the Raspberry Pi.Also be aware that if you found the iwconfig command returned a different interfacename, like ra0, you should change all references from wlan0 to the appropriateinterface name.Once you've modified the file, save it by pressing Ctrl-O and Enter, then press Ctrl-X to quit nano.Now test the connection by running the following to bring up the WiFi connection manually:ifup wlan0Again change wlan0 to the name of your WiFi interface if you found it differed with the iwconfig command.If the WiFi connection is made with your network you should see an IP address acquired with DHCP:Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.2Copyright 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium.All rights reserved.For info, please visit https:///software/dhcp/Listening on LPF/wlan0/e8:de:27:11:62:7cSending on LPF/wlan0/e8:de:27:11:62:7cSending on Socket/fallbackDHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 6DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 9DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67DHCPOFFER from 192.168.1.1DHCPACK from 192.168.1.1bound to 192.168.1.127 -- renewal in 36491 seconds.The exact response might differ, but the important thing is that you receive a DHCPOFFER response and are assigned an IP address.You can also confirm the BeagleBone Black is connected to the network by running the following command to list network details:ifconfig wlan0If your device is connected to the network it should show connection details with an IP address (192.168.1.127 in my case) like:wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr e8:de:27:11:62:7cinet addr:192.168.1.127 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: fe80::eade:27ff:fe11:627c/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:15413 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:3301 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000RX bytes:21575587 (20.5 MiB) TX bytes:323282 (315.7 KiB)Finally you can test internet access by trying to ping a website such as by executing:ping You should see successful ping responses such as:PING (207.58.139.247) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from (207.58.139.247): icmp_req=1 ttl=52 time=86.1 ms64 bytes from (207.58.139.247): icmp_req=2 ttl=52 time=85.8 ms64 bytes from (207.58.139.247): icmp_req=3 ttl=52 time=87.0 ms64 bytes from (207.58.139.247): icmp_req=4 ttl=52 time=87.8 ms64 bytes from (207.58.139.247): icmp_req=5 ttl=52 time=86.1 ms64 bytes from (207.58.139.247): icmp_req=6 ttl=52 time=86.7 ms64 bytes from (207.58.139.247): icmp_req=7 ttl=52 time=86.5 ms Press Ctrl-C to quit the ping application.If any of the checks above fail or indicate no network access, carefully check the details in the /etc/network/interfaces file are correct for your wireless network and try again.Now the final test is to reboot your BeagleBone Black to verify the wireless connection is made automatically. Execute the following to reboot the device:rebootOnce the device has rebooted, connect to it in an SSH session and run the network connection tests above again. If they show you're connected to the network, congratulations you've successfully configured your BeagleBone Black to work with WiFi!If the device fails to connect on boot, try running the following to manually reset the WiFi connection:ifdown wlan0ifup wlan0Again changing wlan0 to match the name of the interface you found earlier.If the ifup command fails to get an IP address, go back and check the WiFi network details in /etc/network/interfaces are correct for your network and try again. If you still can't get a connection to work, try posting details about the WiFi adapter you're using and the error or issue you're hitting on the BeagleBone Black support group () o r the Adafruit forums ().。
Starterware BeagleBone Black支持说明书
1Starterware: BeagleBone Black supportIntroductionThis document describes the procedure to add a support in StarterWare package for BeagleBone Black by changingthe existing BeagleBone White bootloader. It also explains the changes made in the code on abstract level. After applying the changes, the new bootloader code will work on both the platforms (BeagleBone White and BeagleBone Black). You need to apply the above changes in StarterWare 02.00.01.01 [1] release.Changes made in the original BeagleBone White bootloader1. Setting the maximum OPP configuration for the SOC based on the device revision and the EFUSE value if applicable. (Note: EFUSE value does not apply for the device revision PG1.0 and it is always 0. Refer section 1.2.12in TRM [2]).•For PG1.0, operating performance point TURBO is selected with MPU frequency 720 MHz.•For PG2.x, operating performance point is selected based on the EFUSE value if correctly blownNote :•Experimental devices whose package name starts with ‘X’, EFUSE value may show 0 or invalid value.For value 0, operating performance point is set to TURBO with MPU frequency 800 MHz and forinvalid value, operating performance point is set to OPP50 with MPU frequency 300 MHz.•For different operating performance point and MPU frequency settings refer section 3.2 in AM335X datasheet [3].2. To allow the bootloader to work for both BeagleBone White and BeagleBone Black, board identification logic is added.•EEPROM on the Board stores the information related to board. BeagleBone White has the board name “A335BON” and BeagleBone Black has the board name "A335BNL".•If the board is found to be BeagleBone White, it is configured for DDR2 memory.•If the board Is found to be BeagleBone Black, it is configured for DDR3 memory.3.BeagleBone Black configuration for DDR3 memory.•PMIC is configured to generate 1.5V required by DDR3.•DDR PLL is configured to generate 400 MHz required by DDR3.•Timing parameters required by DDR3 are set.•You can refer the BeagleBone Black gel file for the timing parametres generated in "\tools\gel" as AM335X_beagleboneblack.gel.•You can also refer this link [4] which shows the procedure to tune the timing for DDR3.How to apply changes?You can follow the following steps either on Windows or on Linux to add a support for BeagleBone Black in the existing StarterWare installation. (Note: Make sure you are applying changes to StarterWare 02.00.01.01 release) Step 1 : Download the tar.gz file and keep it in the existing StarterWare installation directory.Step 2 : unzip and untar the downloaded file and Select 'Yes' when asked to merge any folder or copyand replace a file.It will automatically replace the following four files in their respective directories.•beaglebone.h2•bl_platform.c•bl_platform.h•hw_tps65217.h•MLO(Note: This is a prebuilt MLO for BeagleBone Black and it will work for both theplatforms now)It will also add the following files as a BeagleBone Black support•BBB_manual.pdf in "\docs\"•AM335X_beagleboneblack.gel in "\tools\gel\"Step 3 : Build your bootloader code.After building, new bootloader binary is ready to work for both the platforms.How to run a demo application?•Locate the new bootloader binary in the following directory based on the tool chain being used.GCC: "\binary\armv7a\gcc\am335x\beaglebone\bootloader\Release_MMCSD\"CCS: "\binary\armv7a\cgt_ccs\am335x\beaglebone\bootloader\Release_MMCSD\"•Rename the bootloader binary image appended with the TI Image Header boot_ti.bin with MLO.•Further steps to run a demo application on BeagleBone Black are same as BeagleBone White. You can refer this link [5] to run a demo application.Note :•To run a simple LED blink example you can follow the same steps as explained above by renaming the gpioLedBlink_ti.bin file with app, found in the following directory based on the tool chain being used.GCC: "\binary\armv7a\gcc\am335x\beaglebone\gpio\Release_MMCSD\"CCS: "\binary\armv7a\cgt_ccs\am335x\beaglebone\gpio\Release_MMCSD\"You can also find a prebuilt MLO file compatible for both the platforms generated in the booloader binary folder after applying this patch.References[1]/dsps/dsps_public_sw/am_bu/starterware/latest/index_FDS.html[2]/wiki/images/7/72/AM335x_techincal_reference_manual.pdf[3]/lit/gpn/am3359[4]/index.php/Sitara_Linux_Training:_Tuning_the_DDR3_Timings_on_BeagleBoneBlack[5]/index.php/Quick_Start_Guide_StarterWare_02.00.XX.XX_(supports_AM335x)3 Article Sources and ContributorsStarterware: BeagleBone Black support Source: /index.php?oldid=179852 Contributors: Baskaran, X0211877。
BB Black EMMC烧写全记录
BeagleBone Black eMMC烧写全记录(基于AM335x SDK06)eMMC存储介质目前越来越广泛的应用在嵌入式系统中，AM335x的用户也越来越多的使用EMMC作为系统的主要存储介质。
目前AM335x的几款官方demo板中，只有BeagleBone Black上加入了对eMMC芯片的支持，很多用户也是参考BeagleBone Black进行自己AM335x系统的eMMC设计。
笔者最近分别通过TI Uniflash和SD卡完成了BeagleBone Black上eMMC芯片的烧写验证工作，软件基于AM335x Linux SDK06，总结出来供大家参考。
1.使用TI UniFlash工具通过USB RNDIS烧写1.1 TI Uniflash 简介Uniflash是TI开发的存储器烧写工具，可以支持AM335x系统的NAND Flash，NOR Flash, SPI Flash，eMMC烧写。
可以参考wiki上的guide：/index.php/Sitara_Uniflash_Quick_Start_Guide，在Windows宿主机上下载并安装Uniflash，并按照其中3.3节所述在Windows宿主机上安装USB RNDIS 驱动。
1.2 eMMC 烧写原理本文介绍的验证方法是使用Uniflash工具通过USB 对BeagleBone Black上的eMMC进行烧写，原理是通过Romcode，SPL和u-boot三个阶段，将一个专门用于eMMC烧写的Linux操作系统在BeagleBone Black板上运行起来，并自动运行脚本进行烧写。
第一阶段，通过设置AM335x的sysboot管脚，使AM335x的启动项包含USB0启动。
BeagleBone Black的默认启动设置为：MMC1->MMC0->UART0->USB0，MMC1和MMC0分别连接了eMMC和SD卡，如果eMMC为空，并且不插SD卡，芯片上电后执行的Romcode就会执行USB启动。
开源硬件平台(6)——BeagleBone.演示稿
中国版的BeagleBone——BB-Black
• • 中国版的BeagleBone称作BB-Black，价格约￥380，是深圳市英蓓特科 技有限公司推出的一款基于AM3359处理器的开发套件BB-Black。 与BeagleBone相同，处理器集成了高达1GHz的ARM Cortex-A8 内核，并 提供了丰富的外设接口。
中国版的BeagleBone——BB-Black
Beagl用的是TI公司的AM3359处理器，是一款ARM Cortex-A8单 核32位RISC处理器，是一款用于工业现场实时控制的高可靠性高端实时 嵌入式控制的处理器，Arduino即将推出的新款高端产品就要使用这一 处理器。 • AM3359支持Linux、WinCE等操作系统，具有SDRAM和Flash存储器支持 能力，存储器具有强大的纠检错校验能力，通过eMMC接口支持SD/TF 卡等外部存储，GPIO/ADC/PWM支持外部采集和控制功能，拥有 UART/SPI/I2C/CAN/USB Host/USB OTG/以太网/LCD等常用的数据通信接 口，具备GPMC接口支持高速存储器型器件（如FPGA等）的控制和访问。 • AM3359功耗很低，执行MPEG-4、H.264编解码和3D图像处理等高强度 运算时，功耗也仅600~700mW。 • AM3359 内置的POWERVR SGX图形加速器子系统，可用于3D图形加速 以支持显示和游戏效果，该子系统的主要特性如下：
BeagleBone技术规格
BeagleBone构成及接口
BeagleBone软件系统
• BeagleBone主要针对嵌入式控制应用，相比Raspberry Pi而言更类似于 Arduino，但是凭借32位的ARM处理器，其运算处理能力比采用8位MCU 的Arduino强大得多。BeagleBone可运行Linux，也可直接编程运行。 与Arduino类似，BeagleBone的开发工作及开发环境主要集中在PC上位 机中，设备通过USB连接PC后被系统识别为一个硬件外设。
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入门体验BeagleBone Black
入门体验
一、快速指南
二、网络与ssh终端
三、串口连接BBB
四、VNC
一、快速指南
1.
包裹清单2.快速启动中国版BB-Black
/shop/star/beaglebone-black.html
BB Black board, RevB4
1.
驱动安装2.访问192.168.7.2
上电测试
系统更新
1.使用7-zip压缩工具解压映像文件；
2.用一个MicroSD读卡器将一张MicroSD卡
连接到PC；
3.工具将解压后映像文
4.
共享主机上网
1.计算机的网络连接属性增加一个【共享】属性到【本
地连接3】
2.【本地连接3】
3.
4.配置BB-Black的路由和DNS
串口连接BBB BB-Black串口管脚
VNC
1.BBB上安装VNC server
2.主机使用vnc-viewer
开发环境搭建BeagleBone Black
开发环境搭建
一、ubuntu12.04
二、VMware tools
三、Linux EZSDK
ubuntu12.04
安装完ubuntu12.04后没有出现图形化界面，需要自行安装图形化界面。
安装”xinit”重启安装”ubuntu-desktop”
VMware tools
1.Vmware【重新安装
2.Ubuntu安装Vmware
安装ti-sdk-am335x-evm-07.00.00.00-Linux-x86-Install
1.在ubuntu终端下运行ti-sdk-am335x-evm-07.00.00.00-Linux-x86-Install.bin
2.运行setup.sh
安装arm-2010.09-50-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
1.解压文件到/usr/local
2.设置环境变量
安装CCS6.0.1.00040_linux.tar.gz
1.解压文件
2.运行ccs_setup_6.0.1.00040.bin。