2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北文)

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高考理综物理第24题欣赏

高考理综物理第24题欣赏

高考理综物理第24题欣赏1、(2014年高考新课标)24题:公路上行驶的两辆汽车之间应保持一定的安全距离。

当前车突然停止时,后车司机可以采取刹车措施,使汽车在安全距离内停下而不会与前车相碰。

通常情况下,人的反应时间和汽车系统的反应时间之和为1s。

当汽车在晴天干燥沥青路面上以108km/h的速度匀速行驶时,安全距离为120m。

设雨天时汽车轮胎与沥青地面的动摩擦因数为晴天时的2/5,若要求安全距离仍为120m,求汽车在雨天安全行驶的最大速度。

2、(2013全国高考大纲版理综第24题)一客运列车匀速行驶,其车轮在轨道间的接缝处会产生周期性的撞击。

坐在该客车中的某旅客测得从第1次到第16次撞击声之间的时间间隔为10.0 s。

在相邻的平行车道上有一列货车,当该旅客经过货车车尾时,火车恰好从静止开始以恒定加速度沿客车行进方向运动。

该旅客在此后的20.0 s内,看到恰好有30节货车车厢被他连续超过。

已知每根轨道的长度为25.0 m,每节货车车厢的长度为16.0 m,货车车厢间距忽略不计。

求(1)客车运行的速度大小;(2)货车运行加速度的大小。

3、(上海卷,31)(12分)风洞是研究空气动力学的实验设备。

如图,将刚性杆水平固定在风洞内距地面高度H=3.2m处,杆上套一质量m=3kg,可沿杆滑动的小球。

将小球所受的风力调节为F=15N,方向水平向左。

小球以速度v0=8m/s向右离开杆端,假设小球所受风力不变,取g=10m/s2。

求:(1)小球落地所需时间和离开杆端的水平距离;(2)小球落地时的动能。

(3)小球离开杆端后经过多少时间动能为78J?4、(2011新课标理综第24题)甲乙两辆汽车都从静止出发做加速直线运动,加速度方向一直不变。

在第一段时间间隔内,两辆汽车的加速度大小不变,汽车乙的加速度大小是甲的两倍;在接下来的相同时间间隔内,汽车甲的加速度大小增加为原来的两倍,汽车乙的加速度大小减小为原来的一半。

求甲乙两车各自在这两段时间间隔内走过的总路程之比。

高考语文核按钮答案

高考语文核按钮答案

2016高考语文核按钮答案【篇一:【核按钮】2015高考语文】>第1单元识记现代汉语普通话常用字的字音《2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)语文科考试说明》(以下简称《考试说明》)对“语言文字运用”提出的总的要求是:正确、熟练、有效地运用语言文字。

《考试说明》对“语言文字运用”的考试内容(俗称“考点”)及相应的能力层级作了如下规定:1.识记 a(1)识记现代汉语普通话常用字的字音 (2)识记并正确书写现代常用规范汉字 2.表达应用 e (1)正确使用标点符号 (2)正确使用词语(包括熟语) (3)辨析并修改病句病句类型:语序不当、搭配不当、成分残缺或赘余、结构混乱、表意不明、不合逻辑。

(4)扩展语句,压缩语段 (5)选用、仿用、变换句式 (6)正确运用常见的修辞手法常见修辞手法:比喻、比拟、借代、夸张、对偶、排比、反复、设问、反问。

(7)语言表达简明、连贯、得体、准确、鲜明、生动本书的第1—8单元,对应上述除“正确使用标点符号”之外的8个“考点”设置(“标点符号的基本用法”见“附录”)。

本单元对应的考点是“识《考试说明》将语文能力由低到高划分为a.识记、b.理解、c.分析综合、d.鉴赏评价、e.表达应用、f.探索六个层级。

本单元所涉考点的能力层级为“识记”(识别和记忆),内容设定是“字音”,这就是说这项考查主要是通过在一定语境中辨识或根据注音拼读来考查考生对“字音”的识记(包括声、韵、调)情况,一般不会要求考生用汉语拼音为汉字注音。

考点中的“现代汉语”“普通话”“常用字”是对“字音”考查范围的三重限定。

“现代汉语”的限定,排除了古汉语中使用而现代已不再使用的古僻汉字的读音或汉字的古音。

“普通话”的限定,表明“字音”要“以北京语音为标准音,以北方话为基础方言,以典范的现代白话文着作为语法规范的现代汉民族共同语”作标准,湖北考生应注意方音辨正。

“常用字”的限定,表明对“字音”的考查会以2013年6月国务院颁发的《通用规范汉字表》(共8105个字)中“一级字表”中收录的3500个汉字为主,并适当拓展。

2014年高考英语湖北卷-答案

2014年高考英语湖北卷-答案

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)英语答案解析第一部分听力第一节1.【答案】C【解析】原文:M: Wow, the literature class is so lively and interesting.W: Yes. Linda uses a lot of games so that we can learn more effectively during the 45 minutes.2.【答案】C【解析】原文:W: Come on, it's only an interview!M: Only an interview? Only an interview?! What if I panic? What if I…I say a silly word by accident?3.【答案】B【解析】原文:W: I bought a size 10 of this jacket yesterday, but I just found size 8fits me better. Could you hold this one for me? I'll bring the other one back tomorrow.M: Sure, ma'am. I will put this one away for you.4.【答案】B【解析】原文:W: Sam, you look a bit upset.M: Yes. I saw someone in the supermarket today. He was dressed in the same clothes as me. The clothes looked so ugly.W: Oh, that's interesting.M: But when I went up to him, I saw it was me…myself…in the mirror!5.【答案】A【解析】原文:M: Sorry, Mom. I'm late again. I lost my keys on my way home and tried hard to find them.W: I'm sorry. I've got used to this kind of excuse. Could you try something new?第二节6.【答案】A【解析】原文:M: Welcome to our store. Can I help you, ma'am?W: Yeah. I'm looking for Jenny.M: She's not here.W: Um, is she coming in later?M: Don't ask me about her.W: Why? Look, I'm concerned about her.M: Well, your friend made me a big trouble.W: What happened?M: She disappeared in the middle of her work. I had to find someone else to fill in her position for the moment.7.【答案】A【解析】原文:M: Welcome to our store. Can I help you, ma'am?W: Yeah. I'm looking for Jenny.M: She's not here.W: Um, is she coming in later?M: Don't ask me about her.W: Why? Look, I'm concerned about her.M: Well, your friend made me a big trouble.W: What happened?M: She disappeared in the middle of her work. I had to find someone else to fill in her position for the moment.8.【答案】C【解析】原文:W: Look, what's that on the railway tracks, David? A rock? A man?M: Oh, it's a tree trunk!W: Gosh! A train is coming soon! It's going to hit it! Let's move it away.M: There's no time for that! We must stop the train. Let's wave at it.W: But we always wave at trains coming by. And the drivers are used to our waving.M: We must wave something red.Red is for danger.W: Good idea.Your T-shirt is red.Take it off!M: Sure.9.【答案】B【解析】原文:W: Look, what's that on the railway tracks, David? A rock? A man?M: Oh, it's a tree trunk!W: Gosh! A train is coming soon! It's going to hit it! Let's move it away.M: There's no time for that! We must stop the train. Let's wave at it.W: But we always wave at trains coming by. And the drivers are used to our waving.M: We must wave something red.Red is for danger.W: Good idea.Your T-shirt is red.Take it off!M: Sure.10.【答案】C【解析】原文:M: Um, Lucy, I'm getting a lot of complaints.W: Really? About what?M: Well, apparently, one of our waitresses is having a nervous breakdown.W: Who? Me?M: Yeah! Um, listen, maybe you should take the rest of the night off if you don't feel well.W: You don't understand.The guy at Table 4said something horrible to me when I was telling him about today's special offer.M: What did he say?W: He said I was…a good waitress.M: That's not bad.W: I didn't grow up to be a good waitress! That was never the plan. The plan was to be a lawyer.M: OK. You're a young woman. You can still do that.W: Can I? A 32single mother who didn't even graduate from high school?11.【答案】A【解析】原文:M: Um, Lucy, I'm getting a lot of complaints.W: Really? About what?M: Well, apparently, one of our waitresses is having a nervous breakdown.W: Who? Me?M: Yeah! Um, listen, maybe you should take the rest of the night off if you don't feel well.W: You don't understand.The guy at Table 4said something horrible to me when I was telling him about today's special offer.M: What did he say?W: He said I was…a good waitress.M: That's not bad.W: I didn't grow up to be a good waitress! That was never the plan. The plan was to be a lawyer.M: OK. You're a young woman. You can still do that.W: Can I? A 32single mother who didn't even graduate from high school?12.【答案】B【解析】原文:M: Um, Lucy, I'm getting a lot of complaints.W: Really? About what?M: Well, apparently, one of our waitresses is having a nervous breakdown.W: Who? Me?M: Yeah! Um, listen, maybe you should take the rest of the night off if you don't feel well.W: You don't understand.The guy at Table 4said something horrible to me when I was telling him about today's special offer.M: What did he say?W: He said I was…a good waitress.M: That's not bad.W: I didn't grow up to be a good waitress! That was never the plan. The plan was to be a lawyer.M: OK. You're a young woman. You can still do that.W: Can I? A 32single mother who didn't even graduate from high school?13.【答案】C【解析】原文:W: I think Mark is frightened to be left alone in the house. Although he doesn't look anxious or unhappy, I know he's just pretending to be brave.M: Honey, he's already 14. Remember, we left Catherine alone when she was 10.W: That was a mistake! We didn't leave her. We forgot her!M: When we got home, she was fine…except that all her books were thrown out of the window. She was chattingwith the emergency phone operator and had become friends with her.W: Yeah. But we have to make sure that Mark knows what to do in case of emergency.M: Of course he does. He took part in the first aid training program last month and passed the exam.W: The exam? It helps absolutely no reality.M: Hmm, you have a point.W: I've got a solution. Let's create an emergency situation for him. Then he'll have real-life experience instead of just theory.M: Shh. Keep the plan between us.14.【答案】C【解析】原文:W: I think Mark is frightened to be left alone in the house. Although he doesn't look anxious or unhappy, I know he's just pretending to be brave.M: Honey, he's already 14. Remember, we left Catherine alone when she was 10.W: That was a mistake! We didn't leave her. We forgot her!M: When we got home, she was fine…except that all her books were thrown out of the window. She was chatting with the emergency phone operator and had become friends with her.W: Yeah. But we have to make sure that Mark knows what to do in case of emergency.M: Of course he does. He took part in the first aid training program last month and passed the exam.W: The exam? It helps absolutely no reality.M: Hmm, you have a point.W: I've got a solution. Let's create an emergency situation for him. Then he'll have real-life experience instead of just theory.M: Shh. Keep the plan between us.15.【答案】C【解析】原文:W: I think Mark is frightened to be left alone in the house. Although he doesn't look anxious or unhappy, I know he's just pretending to be brave.M: Honey, he's already 14. Remember, we left Catherine alone when she was 10.W: That was a mistake! We didn't leave her. We forgot her!M: When we got home, she was fine…except that all her books were thrown out of the window. She was chatting with the emergency phone operator and had become friends with her.W: Yeah. But we have to make sure that Mark knows what to do in case of emergency.M: Of course he does. He took part in the first aid training program last month and passed the exam.W: The exam? It helps absolutely no reality.M: Hmm, you have a point.W: I've got a solution. Let's create an emergency situation for him. Then he'll have real-life experience instead of just theory.M: Shh. Keep the plan between us.16.【答案】B【解析】原文:W: I think Mark is frightened to be left alone in the house. Although he doesn't look anxious or unhappy, I know he's just pretending to be brave.M: Honey, he's already 14. Remember, we left Catherine alone when she was 10.W: That was a mistake! We didn't leave her. We forgot her!M: When we got home, she was fine…except that all her books were thrown out of the window. She was chatting with the emergency phone operator and had become friends with her.W: Yeah. But we have to make sure that Mark knows what to do in case of emergency.M: Of course he does. He took part in the first aid training program last month and passed the exam.W: The exam? It helps absolutely no reality.M: Hmm, you have a point.W: I've got a solution. Let's create an emergency situation for him. Then he'll have real-life experience instead of just theory.M: Shh. Keep the plan between us.17.【答案】B【解析】原文:Welcome to this edition of The Stories of Super Geniuses. I'm Susan Wilbur. Today, you're going to hear a story of a great magician. He was born on September 16, 1956in New Jersey. He picked up magic at 8and began performing professionally at 12. By the age of 16, he was already teaching magic at New York University. In 1977, he was chosen to host a TV show, The Magic of ABC.The show was a huge success, and made him known to the whole world.He understands his craft more than any other magician before him. He said, "Before there can be wonders, there must be wonder." Where others think, "It can't be done," he always says, "Yes, it can." With this attitude, he never stops amazing people with magic.But the greatest work he thinks he has done is Project Magic.This is aproject established in March 1982to help disabled patients. Every year, he performs over 550 shows and has created many box office records. His love for magic is everything to him. And to those who want to become great magicians, he gave this advice: "Practice, practice, practice, and never consider anything impossible." Do you know who he is now? Call 202-983-2476 to tell us the name of this magician, and you will get a DVD of his shows.18.【答案】A【解析】原文:Welcome to this edition of The Stories of Super Geniuses. I'm Susan Wilbur. Today, you're going to hear a story of a great magician. He was born on September 16, 1956in New Jersey. He picked up magic at 8and began performing professionally at 12. By the age of 16, he was already teaching magic at New York University. In 1977, he was chosen to host a TV show, The Magic of ABC.The show was a huge success, and made him known to the whole world.He understands his craft more than any other magician before him. He said, "Before there can be wonders, there must be wonder." Where others think, "It can't be done," he always says, "Yes, it can." With this attitude, he never stops amazing people with magic.But the greatest work he thinks he has done is Project Magic.This is a project established in March 1982to help disabled patients. Every year, he performs over 550 shows and has created many box office records. His love for magic is everything to him. And to those who want to become great magicians, he gave this advice: "Practice, practice, practice, and never consider anything impossible." Do you know who he is now? Call 202-983-2476 to tell us the name of this magician, and you will get a DVD of his shows.19.【答案】A【解析】原文:Welcome to this edition of The Stories of Super Geniuses. I'm Susan Wilbur. Today, you're going to hear a story of a great magician. He was born on September 16, 1956in New Jersey. He picked up magic at 8and began performing professionally at 12. By the age of 16, he was already teaching magic at New York University. In 1977, he was chosen to host a TV show, The Magic of ABC.The show was a huge success, and made him known to the whole world.He understands his craft more than any other magician before him. He said, "Before there can be wonders, there must be wonder." Where others think, "It can't be done," he always says, "Yes, it can." With this attitude, he never stops amazing people with magic.But the greatest work he thinks he has done is Project Magic.This is a project established in March 1982to help disabled patients. Every year, he performs over 550 shows and has created many box office records. His love for magic is everything to him. And to those who want to become great magicians, he gave this advice: "Practice, practice, practice, and never consider anything impossible." Do youknow who he is now? Call 202-983-2476 to tell us the name of this magician, and you will get a DVD of his shows.20.【答案】B【解析】原文:Welcome to this edition of The Stories of Super Geniuses. I'm Susan Wilbur. Today, you're going to hear a story of a great magician. He was born on September 16, 1956in New Jersey. He picked up magic at 8and began performing professionally at 12. By the age of 16, he was already teaching magic at New York University. In 1977, he was chosen to host a TV show, The Magic of ABC.The show was a huge success, and made him known to the whole world.He understands his craft more than any other magician before him. He said, "Before there can be wonders, there must be wonder." Where others think, "It can't be done," he always says, "Yes, it can." With this attitude, he never stops amazing people with magic.But the greatest work he thinks he has done is Project Magic.This is a project established in March 1982to help disabled patients. Every year, he performs over 550 shows and has created many box office records. His love for magic is everything to him. And to those who want to become great magicians, he gave this advice: "Practice, practice, practice, and never consider anything impossible." Do you know who he is now? Call 202-983-2476 to tell us the name of this magician, and you will get a DVD of his shows.第二部分词汇知识运用第一节多项选择21.【答案】A【解析】本题的是名词词义辨析。

湖北省2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一仿真考试文科综合试题(扫描版)(B卷)

湖北省2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一仿真考试文科综合试题(扫描版)(B卷)

政治答案A卷12---23 DBBAC ABBDD CA38. (1) ①发展人民群众喜闻乐见的文化,发展面向广大人民群众,反映人民的利益和呼声,为人民大众所喜闻乐见的社会主义文化,促进大众文化的发展. ( 3 分)②中国特色社会主义文化,始终坚持以科学理论武装人,以正确的舆论引导人,以高尚的精神塑造人,以优秀作品鼓舞人,无论是思想内容还是表现形式,都发挥看强有力的导向和示范作用。

( 3 分)③社会主义文化以其自身的科学性和先进性,在人民大众生活中始终占据着主导地位,奏响了先进文化发展的主旋律。

(3分)④帮助人民群众在色彩斑斓的文化生活中提高眼力,拒绝落后文化、腐朽文化的污染,有利于克服文化生活中令人忧虑的现象的发生。

(3分)(2)①企业创品牌,生产更多文化精品,满足社会需求,有利于实现社会主义生产目的。

(3分)②加快文化领域民营经济的发展,所有制经济的结构调整和优化,提高经济效益,提高企业的竞争力。

(3分)③遵循市场规则、规律,充分利用当地的资源优势,发挥市场在资源配置上的决定性作用,加快文化产业结构的优化升级,促进文化产业的发展。

(3分)④坚持文化领域的对外开放,坚持引进来与走出去相结合。

(3分)(2)①社会存在决定社会意识,社会意识反作用于社会存在。

社会主义核心价值观是正确的社会意识,在指导人们群众建设社会主义中能发挥积极作用;(3分)价值观作为一种社会意识,对社会存在具有重大的反作用,对人们的行为具有重要的驱动、制约、导向作用。

社会主义核心价值观对人们有正确的导向作用,能指导人们认识世界和改造世界,选择正确的人生道路,在个人与社会的统一中实现人生价值。

(3分)人民群众是历史的主体,是社会历史的创造者。

引导人民群众实践社会主义核心价值观能为社会主义现代化建设提供重要引导和保证。

(3分)改革是发展中国特色社会主义的强大动力,引导人民群众实践社会主义核心价值观,能推动上层建筑领域的改革,巩固全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(湖北卷,解析版)

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(湖北卷,解析版)

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)英语答案解析(正式版)本试题卷共16页,81题。

全卷满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

★祝考试顺利★注意事项:答卷前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。

选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

完成句子和短文写作题的作答:用统一提供的签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.答案:B1. What is Linda?A. A writer.B. A student.C. A teacher.2. What is the man afraid of?A. Having an accident.Missing the interview.Saying something wrong.3.What does the woman want to do?To return a jacket.To change a jacket.To buy another jacket.4. Why does the man feel upset?A guy stole his clothes.He found his clothes ugly.Someone said he was ugly.5.What does the woman mean?A. She disbelieves her son.B.She feels very sorry for her son.C. She wants her son to use a new key.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)模拟卷 理综参考答案

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)模拟卷 理综参考答案
2 + 5 ) c ( C H C O O-)> c ( B a )> c ( O H-)> c ( H+) ( 2分) ( 3
2 9 . ( 1 1分) ( 1 ) 叶绿体 大 ( 2 ) 光照强度和温度( 2分) 6 3 0 ( 3 ) 1 2 ( 学生读数时会产生误差, 故填 1 1 、 1 2 、 1 3均可)( 2分) ( 4 ) 基本无关 在 3 0 ℃或 2 0 ℃时, 在不同的光照条件下, 氧气产生速率与氧气释放速 率的差值几乎不变。( 2分) 3 0 . ( 9分) ( 1 ) 细胞体、 树突( 2分) 突触小泡 ( 2 )突触间隙 突触后膜阴( 2分) ( 3 ) 抑制氨基丁酸转氨酶的活性, 使G A B( 1 ) a 、 d ( 2 ) 不抗病) 有抗性 ②d 、 e 、 f 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 1 ( 注意与前一空的类型对应) ①无抗性( 3 ) 3 9 9 / 4 0 0 ( 3 2 . ( 7分) ( 1 ) 生物群落 将动植物遗体和动物排遗物中的有机物分解为无机物 ( 2 ) 竞争 生存资源和空间有限、 天敌的制约 ( 3 ) 会 减少 综合试题参考答案及评分细则 第 3页( 共 6页)
2 0 1 4年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试( 湖北卷) 模拟卷
理科综合试题参考答案及评分细则
2 0 1 4 . 5
第Ⅰ卷( 选择题, 共1 2 6分)
题号 答案 题号 答案 1 D 1 2 D 2 A 1 3 A 3 B 1 4 B 4 B 1 5 D 5 C 1 6 A 6 D 1 7 C 7 C 1 8 B C 8 B 1 9 A C 9 B 2 0 B C 1 0 C 2 1 B C D 1 1 D
2 v 0 2分 r 1
q v 0 解得: = 1分 m B L 2 L π ( 2 ) 粒子在磁场中做圆运动的周期: T= 2分 v 0 5 π 粒子由 A到 B , 轨迹对应的圆心角: θ 1分 1= 3 3 槡 由对称性可知粒子自 B点沿 B O方向离开磁场: O A= L 1分 3 O A θ 2 粒子运动的时间: t = T+ 2分 2 v π 0 5 L + 2 3 L π 槡 解得: t = 2分 3 v 0 v L 0 ( 3 ) 粒子在磁场中做圆运动的半径 r v n = 2 , 3 , 4 …) 1分 n = 时, n= ( n n r 2 π L π n 2 粒子在磁场中做圆运动的周期: T= = 1分 v v n 0 5 粒子在磁场中运动的时间: t n ·( 3× T ) 1分 1= 6 4 L s i n 6 0 ° 粒子在三角形内运动的时间: t 1分 2= v n n L 解得: t t t ( 5 2 3 ) ( n = 2 , 3 , 4 …) 1分 π+ n= 1+ 2= 槡 v 0 2 6 . ( 1 5分) 1 ) 起催化作用( 1分) ( ( 2 ) 碘水( 2分) 3 ) a( 1分) ( ( 4 ) 硝酸浓度过大, 导致葡萄糖被氧化为 C O , 且H C O 2分) 2 2 2 4 进一步被氧化( ( 5 ) 作安全瓶( 2分) 6 ) 优点: 提高 H N O 或循环使用氮氧化物) ( 2分) ( 3 利用率( 缺点: N O ( 或氮氧化物) 吸收不完全( 2分) x ( 7 ) 8 4 . 0 %( 3分)

2014年新课标全国语文1卷试题 及答案

2014年新课标全国语文1卷试题    及答案

书,良史也。朕有过失,卿书之否?”对日:“禹、汤罪己,其兴也勃
焉。有德之君,不忘规过,臣不胜大庆。”时中原荡覆,典章殆尽,无
史籍检寻。休烈奏日:“《国史》《实录》,圣朝大典,修撰多时,今
并无本。伏望下御史台推勘史馆所由,令府县招访。有人别收得《国
史》《实录》,如送官司,重加购赏。”前修史官工部侍郎韦述陷贼,
语。 8.词上半阕的景物描写对全词的感情抒发起了什么作用?请结合内容分 析。(5分) 9.末尾两句表现了词中人物什么样的情绪?是如何表现的?请简要阐
述。(6分)
(三)名篇名句默写(6分)
10.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(6分)
(1)屈原在《离骚》中表现自己同情百姓的苦难生活,并因此流泪
叹息的名句是“
比。
(节选自《旧唐书·于休烈
传》)
4.对下列句子中加点的词语的解释,不正确的一项是(3分) ( )
A.自幼好学,善属文
属文:撰写文章。
B.值禄山构难,肃宗践祚 践祚:帝王即位。

C.肃宗自凤翔还京,励精听受 励精:专心致志。
D.时中原荡覆,典章殆尽 荡覆:动荡倾覆。
5.对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是(3分) ( )
三、文学类文本阅读(25分)
11.阅读下面的文字,完成(1)~(4)题。(25分) 古渡头 叶紫
太阳渐渐地隐没到树林中去了,晚霞散射着一片凌乱的光辉,映到 茫无际涯的淡绿的湖上,现出各种各样的色彩来。微风波动着皱纹似的 浪头,轻轻地吻着沙岸。
破烂不堪的老渡船,横在枯杨的下面。渡夫戴着一顶尖头的斗笠, 弯着腰,在那里洗刷一叶断片的船篷。
灭“引起怜悯和恐惧来使感情得到陶冶”,即产生净化的作用。
然而,悲剧不仅表现冲突与毁灭,而且表现抗争与拼搏,这是悲剧 具有审美价值的最根本的原因。鲁迅说过:“悲剧将人生的有价值的东 西毁灭给人看”。这种毁灭是抗争、拼搏以后的毁灭,抗争与拼搏体现 了人的一种精神。古希腊神话中普罗米修斯为了人类从天上盗取火种, 触怒了主神宙斯,被锁在高加索山崖上,每日遭神鹰啄食肝脏,但普罗 米修斯毫不屈服,最后坠入深渊。罗丹的大理石雕塑《马身人首》中,

2014年湖北省高考英语试题及其详细解析

2014年湖北省高考英语试题及其详细解析

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is Linda?A. A writer.B. A student.C. A teacher.2. What is the man afraid of?A. Having an accident.B. Missing the interview.C. Saying something wrong.3. What does the woman want to do?A. To return a jacket.B. To change a jacket.C. To buy another jacket.4. Why does the man feel upset?A. A guy stole his clothes.B. He found his clothes ugly.C. Someone said he was ugly.5. What does the woman mean?A. She disbelieves her son.B. She feels very sorry for her son.C. She wants her son to use a new key.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

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2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)数 学(文史类)本试题卷共22题.全卷满分150分.考试用时120分钟.一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知全集U ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7},集合A ={1,3,5,6},则∁U A =( ) A .{1,3,5,6} B .{2,3,7}C .{2,4,7}D .{2,5,7}2.i 为虚数单位,⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1-i 1+i 2=( )A .1B .-1C .iD .-i 3.命题“∀x ∈R ,x 2≠x ”的否定是( ) A .∀x ∉R ,x 2≠xB.∀x ∈R ,x 2=xC .∃x ∉R ,x 2≠xD .∃x ∈R ,x 2=x 4.若变量x ,y 满足约束条件 ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x +y ≤4,x -y ≤2,x ≥0,y ≥0, 则 2x +y 的最大值是( )A .2B .4C .7D .85.随机掷两枚质地均匀的骰子,它们向上的点数之和不超过5的概率记为p 1 ,点数之和大于5的概率记为p 2 ,点数之和为偶数的概率记为p 3 ,则( )A .p 1<p 2<p 3B .p 2<p 1<p 3C .p 1<p 3<p 2D .p 3<p 1<p 2 6.根据如下样本数据x 3 4 5 6 7 8 y4.02.5-0.50.5-2.0-3.0得到的回归方程为y ^=bx +a ,则( ) A .a >0,b <0 B .a >0,b >0 C.a <0,b <0 D .a <0,b >07. 在如图所示的空间直角坐标系O -xyz 中,一个四面体的顶点坐标分别是(0,0,2),(2,2,0),(1,2,1),(2,2,2).给出编号①、②、③、④的四个图,则该四面体的正视图和俯视图分别为( )A .①和②B .③和①C .④和③D .④和②8.设a ,b 是关于t 的方程t 2cos θ+t sin θ=0 的两个不等实根,则过 A (a ,a 2),B (b ,b 2) 两点的直线与双曲线x 2cos 2θ -y 2sin 2θ=1的公共点的个数为( )A .0B .1C .2D .39.已知f (x ) 是定义在 R 上的奇函数,当x ≥0 时, f (x )=x 2-3x . 则函数g (x )=f (x )-x +3 的零点的集合为( )A .{1,3}B .{-3,-1,1,3}C .{2-7,1,3} D.{-2-7,1,3}10.《算数书》竹简于上世纪八十年代在湖北省江陵县张家山出土,这是我国现存最早的有系统的数学典籍,其中记载有求“囷盖”的术:置如其周,令相乘也.又以高乘之,三十六成一. 该术相当于给出了由圆锥的底面周长L 与高h ,计算其体积V 的近似公式V ≈136L 2h .它实际上是将圆锥体积公式中的圆周率π近似取为3.那么,近似公式V ≈275L 2h 相当于将圆锥体积公式中的π近似取为( )A.227B.258C.15750D.355113二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题5分,共35分.请将答案填在答题卡对应题号的位置上. 答错位置,书写不清,模棱两可均不得分.11.甲、乙两套设备生产的同类型产品共4 800件,采用分层抽样的方法从中抽取一个容量为80的样本进行质量检测.若样本中有50件产品由甲设备生产,则乙设备生产的产品总数为________件.1213.在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c . 已知A =π6,a =1,b =3,则B = ________.14.阅读如图所示的程序框图,运行相应的程序,若输入n 的值为9,则输出S 的值为________ .15.如图所示,函数 y =f (x )的图象由两条射线和三条线段组成.若∀x ∈R ,f (x )>f (x -1) ,则正实数a 的取值范围为________.16.某项研究表明:在考虑行车安全的情况下,某路段车流量F (单位时间内经过测量点的车辆数,单位:辆/小时)与车流速度v (假设车辆以相同速度v 行驶,单位:米/秒)、平均车长l (单位:米)的值有关,其公式为F =76 000vv 2+18v +20l.(Ⅰ)如果不限定车型,l =6.05,则最大车流量为________辆/小时;(Ⅱ)如果限定车型,l =5,则最大车流量比(Ⅰ)中的最大车流量增加________辆/小时. 17.已知圆O :x 2+y 2=1 和点A (-2,0),若定点B (b,0)(b ≠-2) 和常数 λ满足:对圆 O 上任意一点 M ,都有|MB |=λ|MA |,则(Ⅰ)b =________ ; (Ⅱ)λ=________ .三、解答题:本大题共5小题,共65分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 18.(本小题满分12分)某实验室一天的温度(单位:℃)随时间t (单位:h)的变化近似满足函数关系: f (t )=10-3cos π12t -sin π12t, t ∈[0,24).(Ⅰ)求实验室这一天上午8时的温度; (Ⅱ)求实验室这一天的最大温差. 19.(本小题满分12分)已知等差数列{a n }满足:a 1=2,且 a 1,a 2 ,a 5 成等比数列. (Ⅰ)求数列{a n }的通项公式;(Ⅱ)记 S n 为数列{a n }的前 n 项和,是否存在正整数n ,使得 S n >60n +800?若存在,求n 的最小值;若不存在,说明理由.20.(本小题满分13分) 如图,在正方体 ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1中,E ,F ,P ,Q ,M ,N 分别是棱AB ,AD ,DD 1 ,BB 1 ,A 1B 1 ,A 1D 1 的中点. 求证:(Ⅰ)直线BC 1 ∥平面EFPQ ; (Ⅱ)直线 AC 1⊥平面 PQMN . 21.(本小题满分14分)π为圆周率,e =2.718 28…为自然对数的底数. (Ⅰ)求函数f (x )=ln xx的单调区间;(Ⅱ)求 e 3,3e ,e π ,πe,3π ,π3 这6个数中的最大数与最小数. 22.(本小题满分14分)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,点 M 到点 F (1,0)的距离比它到y 轴的距离多1.记点M 的轨迹为C .(Ⅰ)求轨迹C 的方程;(Ⅱ)设斜率为 k 的直线 l 过定点P (-2,1).求直线l 与轨迹 C 恰好有一个公共点、两个公共点、三个公共点时k 的相应取值范围.答案1.解析:选C 由题意知∁U A ={2,4,7},选C.2.解析:选B ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1-i 1+i 2=-2i 2i =-1,选B.3.解析:选D 全称命题的否定是特称命题:∃x ∈R ,x 2=x ,选D.4.解析:选C 由题意作出可行域如图中阴影部分所示,由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x +y =4,x -y =2⇒A (3,1).故2x +y 的最大值为7.5.解析:选C 总的基本事件个数为36,向上的点数之和不超过5的有(1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(3,1),(3,2),(4,1),共10个,则向上的点数之和不超过5的概率p 1=1036=518;向上的点数之和大于5的概率p 2=1-518=1318;向上的点数之和为偶数与向上的点数之和为奇数的个数相等,故向上的点数之和为偶数的概率p 3=12.即p 1<p 3<p 2,选C.6.解析:选A由散点图可知b <0,a >0,选A.7. 解析:选D 在空间直角坐标系O -xyz 中作出棱长为2的正方体,在该正方体中作出四面体,如图所示,由图可知,该四面体的正视图为④,俯视图为②.选D.8.解析:选A 关于t 的方程t 2cos θ+t sin θ=0的两个不等实根为0,-tan θ(tan θ≠0),则过A ,B 两点的直线方程为y =-x tan θ,双曲线x 2cos 2θ-y 2sin 2θ=1的渐近线为y =±x tan θ,所以直线y =-x tan θ与双曲线没有公共点.故选A.9.解析:选D 当x ≥0时,函数g (x )的零点即方程f (x )=x -3的根,由x 2-3x =x -3,解得x =1或3;当x <0时,由f (x )是奇函数得-f (x )=f (-x )=x 2-3(-x ),即f (x )=-x 2-3x .由f (x )=x -3得x =-2-7(正根舍去).选D.10.解析:选B V ≈275L 2h =13πr 2h ⇒275L 2=13πr 2,而L =2πr ,则π=258.选B.11.解析:分层抽样中各层的抽样比相同.样本中甲设备生产的有50件,则乙设备生产的有30件.在4 800件产品中,甲、乙设备生产的产品总数比为5∶3,所以乙设备生产的产品的总数为1 800件.答案:1 800 12答案:2 513.解析:由正弦定理a sin A =b sin B 得sin B =b sin A a =32,又B ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫π6,5π6,所以B =π3或2π3. 答案:π3或2π314.解析:S =(21+22+…+29)+(1+2+…+9)=210-2+45=1 024+43=1 067. 答案:1 06715.解析:由题中图象知f (x )为奇函数,当x ≤-2a 或x ≥2a 时,f (x )为增函数,f (x )>f (x -1)恒成立;又∀x ∈R ,f (x )>f (x -1),且f (4a )=f (-2a )=a ,故只需4a -(-2a )<1,即a <16,又a 为正实数,故a ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫0,16. 答案:⎝⎛⎭⎫0,16 16.解析:(Ⅰ)F =76 000v +20×6.05v +18≤76 0002121+18=1 900,当且仅当v =11时等号成立.(Ⅱ)F =76 000v +20×5v +18≤76 0002100+18=2 000,当且仅当v =10时等号成立,2 000-1 900=100.答案:1 900 10017.解析:设M (x ,y ),则x 2+y 2=1,y 2=1-x 2,λ2=|MB |2|MA |2=(x -b )2+y2(x +2)2+y 2=x 2-2bx +b 2+1-x 2x 2+4x +4+1-x 2=b 2+1-2bx 5+4x =-b2+b 2+52b +15+4x. ∵λ为常数,∴b 2+52b +1=0,解得b =-12或b =-2(舍去).∴λ2=-b 2=14,解得λ=12或λ=-12(舍去).答案:-12 1218.解:(Ⅰ)f (8)=10-3cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫π12×8-sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫π12×8=10-3cos 2π3-sin 2π3=10-3×⎝⎛⎭⎫-12-32=10. 故实验室上午8时的温度为10 ℃. (Ⅱ)因为f (t )=10-2⎝⎛⎭⎫32cos π12t +12sin π12t =10-2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫π12t +π3,又0≤t <24,所以π3≤π12t +π3<7π3,-1≤sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫π12t +π3≤1.当t =2时,sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫π12t +π3=1;当t =14时,sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫π12t +π3=-1. 于是f (t )在[0,24)上取得最大值12,取得最小值8.故实验室这一天最高温度为12 ℃,最低温度为8 ℃,最大温差为4 ℃.19.解:(Ⅰ)设数列{a n }的公差为d ,依题意,2,2+d,2+4d 成等比数列,故有(2+d )2=2(2+4d ),化简得d 2-4d =0,解得d =0或d =4.当d =0时,a n =2;当d =4时,a n =2+(n -1)·4=4n -2,从而得数列{a n }的通项公式为a n =2或a n =4n -2.(Ⅱ)当a n =2时,S n =2n .显然2n <60n +800,此时不存在正整数n ,使得S n >60n +800成立.当a n =4n -2时,S n =n [2+(4n -2)]2=2n 2.令2n 2>60n +800,即n 2-30n -400>0,解得n >40或n <-10(舍去),此时存在正整数n ,使得S n >60n +800成立,n 的最小值为41.综上,当a n =2时,不存在满足题意的n ;当a n =4n -2时,存在满足题意的n ,其最小值为41.20解:(Ⅰ)连接AD 1,由ABCD -A 1B 1C 1D 1是正方体,知AD 1∥BC 1,因为F ,P 分别是AD ,DD 1的中点,所以FP ∥AD 1.从而BC 1∥FP .而FP ⊂平面EFPQ ,且BC 1⊄平面EFPQ ,故直线BC 1∥平面EFPQ .(Ⅱ)如图,连接AC ,BD ,则AC ⊥BD .由CC 1⊥平面ABCD ,BD ⊂平面ABCD ,可得CC 1⊥BD . 又AC ∩CC 1=C ,所以BD ⊥平面ACC 1. 而AC 1⊂平面ACC 1,所以BD ⊥AC 1.连接B 1D 1,因为M ,N 分别是A 1B 1,A 1D 1的中点,所以MN ∥B 1D 1,故MN ∥BD ,从而MN ⊥AC 1.同理可证PN ⊥AC 1.又PN ∩MN =N ,所以直线AC 1⊥平面PQMN .21.解:(Ⅰ)函数f (x )的定义域为(0,+∞).因为f (x )=ln xx ,所以f ′(x )=1-ln x x 2. 当f ′(x )>0,即0<x <e 时,函数f (x )单调递增; 当f ′(x )<0,即x >e 时,函数f (x )单调递减.故函数f (x )的单调递增区间为(0,e),单调递减区间为(e ,+∞). (Ⅱ)因为e<3<π,所以eln 3<eln π,πln e<πln 3,即ln 3e <ln πe ,ln e π<ln 3π.于是根据函数y =ln x ,y =e x ,y =πx 在定义域上单调递增,可得3e <πe <π3,e 3<e π<3π. 故这6个数中的最大数在π3与3π之中,最小数在3e 与e 3之中. 由e<3<π及(Ⅰ)的结论,得f (π)<f (3)<f (e),即ln ππ<ln 33<ln ee .由ln ππ<ln 33,得ln π3<ln 3π,所以3π>π3; 由ln 33<ln ee,得ln 3e <ln e 3,所以3e <e 3. 综上,6个数中的最大数是3π,最小数是3e .22.解:(Ⅰ)设点M (x ,y ),依题意得|MF |=|x |+1,即(x -1)2+y 2=|x |+1,化简整理得y 2=2(|x |+x ).故轨迹C 的方程为y 2=⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧4x ,x ≥0,0,x <0.(Ⅱ)在点M 的轨迹C 中,记C 1:y 2=4x ,C 2:y =0(x <0). 依题意,可设直线l 的方程为y -1=k (x +2).由方程组⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y -1=k (x +2),y 2=4x ,可得ky 2-4y +4(2k +1)=0. ①(1)当k =0时,此时y =1.把代入轨迹C 的方程,得x =14.故此时直线l :y =1与轨迹C 恰好有一个公共点⎝⎛⎭⎫14,1. (2)当k ≠0时,方程①的判别式为Δ=-16(2k 2+k -1).② 设直线l 与x 轴的交点为(x 0,0),则由y -1=k (x +2),令y =0,得x 0=-2k +1k. ③(ⅰ)若⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧Δ<0,x 0<0,由②③解得k <-1,或k >12.即当k ∈(-∞,-1)∪⎝⎛⎭⎫12,+∞时,直线l 与C 1没有公共点,与C 2有一个公共点,故此时直线l 与轨迹C 恰好有一个公共点.(ⅱ)若⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ Δ=0,x 0<0,或⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧Δ>0,x 0≥0,由②③解得k ∈⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫-1,12,或-12≤k <0.即当k ∈⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫-1,12时,直线l 与C 1只有一个公共点,与C 2有一个公共点.当k ∈⎣⎡⎭⎫-12,0时,直线l 与C 1有两个公共点,与C 2没有公共点. 故当k ∈⎣⎡⎭⎫-12,0∪⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫-1,12时,直线l 与轨迹C 恰好有两个公共点. (ⅲ)若⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧Δ>0,x 0<0,由②③解得-1<k <-12,或0<k <12.即当k ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫-1,-12∪⎝⎛⎭⎫0,12时,直线l 与C 1有两个公共点,与C 2有一个公共点,故此时直线l 与轨迹C 恰好有三个公共点.综合(1)(2)可知,当k ∈(-∞,-1)∪⎝⎛⎭⎫12,+∞∪{0}时,直线l 与轨迹C 恰好有一个公共点;当k ∈⎣⎡⎭⎫-12,0∪⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫-1,12时,直线l 与轨迹C 恰好有两个公共点;当k ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫-1,-12∪⎝⎛⎭⎫0,12时,直线l 与轨迹C 恰好有三个公共点.。

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