Business Interaction Simulation II 207ppt业务交互模拟二207ppt
毕业论文设计-基于AT89C51单片机的银行排队叫号系统设计(可编辑)
本科毕业设计论文题目银行排队叫号系统的设计学生姓名陈福秀专业班级 09 电子科学与技术1班学号 200931002院系电气工程学院王继红讲师7>2013 年05月18日郑州科技学院电气工程学院二○一三年五月摘要排队叫号系统是针对银行工商税务通讯政府机构等部门的大厅工作流程设计的是利用电脑的科学管理客户排队的系统能够很好地解决客户在服务机构办理业务时所遇到的各种排队拥挤和混乱现象为客户办理业务带来莫大的方便和愉悦本课题研究的是一款无人排队的排队叫号系统它主要由系统主从机键盘显示电路蜂鸣器电路等部分构成系统利用AT89C51 单片机进行控制通过串行通信方式传输处理数据通过按键取号在LCD1602 上显示排队的号码以及当前正在等待的人数通过按键叫号在LCD1602 上显示叫到的号码由蜂鸣器发出声音提示客户这种现代化的高科技产品彻底解决了银行工商税务通讯政府机构等部门的服务大厅普遍存在的站立等候服务无序的问题同时免除了令客户不舒服的站立式排队深化完善了服务的质量本系统采用AT89C51 单片机进行控制利用LCD1602 显示蜂鸣器鸣叫提示的人机交互界面模拟排队管理系统科学的处理各种排队情况具有操作简便控制灵活显示清晰制作成本低性价比较高等特点关键词AT89C51单片机 LCD1602 排队叫号系统开发ABSTRACTIn this paper design a set of line up your turn system Queue smoke number sequence as the core the system is based on the client using the client staff using your turn end your turn By timely display the current call number timely understanding of line information through the reasonable structure of program to perform the line number In order to improve the line efficiency solve the order queue held after the crowded phenomenon such as before to realize the automatic line standardization Through the use of the system the customer dont need to line up wasting a lot of energy facilitate management order in line at the same time to adapt the request of digitized information age management raises the service level and qualityQueuing system is aimed at a bank industrial and commercial taxation telecommunicationsgovernment agencies and other departments of the hall work flow design is the use of computer science and the management of customers queuing system can be very good used to solve customers in the service institution for business encountered by the various queues jam and confused phenomenon for customers for the business has brought great the convenience and pleasureThis research is an unmanned queuing queuing system which is mainly composed of master and slave machine system keyboard display circuit a buzzer circuit componentsThe system uses AT89C51 MCU control serial communication through transmission processingdata through the keys and number the LCD1602 display line numbers and the current waiting number through the button called in the LCD1602 display the call number the buzzer sound prompts the customerThe modern high-techproducts completely solve the industry and commerce taxation banking telecommunications government agencies and other departments of the service hall universal stand waiting service the disorder problem at the same time from customer uncomfortable standing in line deepen and perfect the quality of serviceThe system uses the AT89C51 microprocessor control using LCD1602 display buzzer prompts the human-computer interaction interface simulation of the queue management system scientific processing a variety of queuing and has the advantages of simple operation flexible control clear display low production cost high cost performance characteristicsKeywordsAT89C51 single chip microcomputer LCD1602 line up your turn the system development目录摘要IABSTRACT II1 绪论111 课题来源 112 国内外发展状况 113 有线系统与无线系统 314 发展前景 415 系统的设计目的 42 系统的需求分析 53 系统总体设计77com 方案要求7com 方案确立732 方案原理833 异步通信934 系统的体系结构1035 系统的软件结构1036 系统的基本功能和工作原理11com 排队系统的基本功能11com 工作原理1137 排队系统工作流程 12com 数据处理流程12com 客户工作流程 13com 工作人员工作流程com 系统工作流程1338 主要应用器件及技术原理14 com 微处理器介绍14com 液晶LCD1602的介绍16 com 硬件概要设计22com 软件概要设计234 系统硬件设计2541 主要电路设计25com 主机部分电路25com 从机部分电路2642 功能部分电路设计26com 单片机最小系统电路26com 1602 液晶显示电路28 com 按键部分电路 30com TXD串行发送和RXD315 系统软件设计3251 排队系统主从机软件设计32 com 32com 系统主机叫号终端的设计3252 主要子程序流程图33 com 蜂鸣器子程序 33com LCD显示子程序34 com 窗口消号处理子程序35 6 系统电路设计3761 液晶显示电路3762 声音提示电路377 系统 Proteus 仿真实现 3771 系统的硬件实现3772 系统的软件实现3873 系统集成与仿真38结论42致谢43参考文献44附录A 主机程序清单46附录B 从机程序清单57附录C 总体设计图631 绪论11 课题来源本文基于单片机的排队叫号系统由客户端和主机终端组成有LCD大屏幕显示信息让客户知道自己的队号并有叫号提示音提醒客户方便快捷可以满足日常的服务行业排队叫号所以非常有意义12 国内外发展状况等等在我国特别是在我国加入世贸组织之后排队技术也被引进国内并在我国特有的高速经济发展的环境中得到飞速发展普及及应用我国的排队技术产品也由1998-2001年的起步期2001-2003年的发展期到现阶段的高速发展期逐渐生产出适合我国国情排队系统产品客户对排队系统产品的应用也逐渐习惯并乐于接受智能排队系统就是人们现在乐于接受的系统排队技术最早出现在欧美等西方国家开始的排队系统仅限于工作人员的人工呼叫随着现代技术的不断发展特别是计算机技术的应用使排队技术的发展也突飞猛进目前己具备多种功能如乐音提示语音合成呼叫Voice-calling呼叫终端Operation Terminal以及柜台显示Counter Display和综合显示-Main Display为主的各种数码管显示LCD显示LED显示PDP显示等号码发放也由取号机自动打印 Ticket Dispenser 到触摸屏查询取号按键取号特殊识别取号等等排队技术产品的出现彻底改变了以前许多需要长时间排队场所的无序模式也被越来越多的行业所采用以提高管理水平和自身竞争力智能排队机或称智能排队系统是一种综合运用计算机技术网络技术多媒体技术通讯控制技术的高新技术产品它完全模拟了人群排队过程通过取号进队排队等待叫号服务等功能取代各类服务性窗口传统的由顾客站立排队的方式实现了计算机系统代替客户进行排队的过程适用于各类窗口服务行业目前在国外已经广泛应用于金融医院电信以及各级政府对外服务窗口等行业如今国际上的排队叫号系统发展主要表现在以下几方面1虚拟物理呼叫器选择这两种配置中的任一种均可利用现有的电脑网络线即可省去另外单独布线的烦恼也节约了工程布线费用的开支虚拟呼叫器配置非常适合电脑已联网情况下使用物理呼叫器较适合不需电脑的科室使用根据实际配置情况虚拟和物理呼叫器可在合适的情况下互换2后台监控可以实现高层管理人员足不出户即可实时了解服务动态便于适时调动人员方便管理3高度集成所有主要器件都内置控制板微处理器 CPU 网络接口4排队叫号系统已经开始向功能齐全外观时尚且轻便小巧等特点开始发展国内市场上虽然目前有一些国外引进的排队系统产品但价格高昂近几年国内服务性行业逐步开始使用国内研制的排队机系统国内外同类设计1基于ARM的微控制器的排队叫号系统设计采用Philip LPC2134的排队叫号系统中键盘作为人机接口界面是嵌入式系统的关键组成部分液晶显示屏作为输出部分通过采用NXP高性能高集成度高性价比的32位ARM内核处理器LPC2134在管理机部分不用扩展RAM和语音电路在机械部分设计时不用扩展IO接口电路大大降低了设计的复杂性以及系统的设计成本且增强了系统的可移植性2基于单片机的排队叫号系统系统分为两个模块抽号模块和叫号模块其控制核心均为AT89C51单片机抽号模块采用LCD液晶显示器这样显示数据直观便于客户理解叫号模块采用数码管显示此模块只需显示当前所叫号数因此采用数码管显示清楚直观客户容易看清当前所叫号数抽号模块输入只需使用一个抽号按键即可便于客户操作叫号模块包括叫号键和清零键工作人员除了可以叫号外还可以随时按清零键复位排队系统13 有线系统与无线系统智能排队管理系统目前已渗透到我们生活的各个方面在银行医院的服务大厅中我们已充分享受到它的优越性目前国内智能排队管理系统己发展到无线排队系统采用计算机技术和无线通信组网通讯等技术实现了更高层次的排队智能化管理由于采用了无线通信组网技术整个系统无须敷设明线仅需接上电源即可使用特别适用于已经装修完毕的营业大厅系统各单元之间即可无线路连接也可局部采用传统网线连接配置十分灵活如想将原有线系统改成无线最多只需增加两个无线模块即可实现无线功能大大降低成本有线方式与无线方式的排队系统所实现的功能是完全一样的所不同的是有线方式制造成本低但需要事先预埋走线槽或走明线安装工作量大另外有线方式排队机系统任何一个设备出现故障时整个系统都要停下来进行检修和更改采取无线方式最大的特点就是不受环境的影响安装方便快捷减轻施工难度非常便于现场安装调试和售后服务且系统除主机外任何设备出现故障时都可实时在线更换和维修系统稳定性提高彻底解决了线路故障的担忧无线方式与有线方式相比不足是成本稍高常便于现场安装调试和售后服务且系统除主机外任何设备出现故障时都可实时在线更换和维修系统稳定性提高彻底解决了线路故障的担忧无线方式与有线方式相比不足是成本稍高14 发展前景随着服务行业的迅猛发展客户对服务质量的要求越来越高智能化的管理系统应用越来越广阔在银行医药车站海关税务等方面智能排队系统应用更加广阔智能化水平显著提高随着智能化的进一步加深服务质量越来越好我们国家的服务行业将得到迅猛的发展同时以智能化为依托客户对服务行业的满意度会越来越高服务行业的服务水平会越来越高像排队拥挤排队无序而致使客户浪费时间以及由此引发的客户与客户客户与服务人员间的不满情绪将随着智能排队系统的开发和广泛应用而得到圆满解决15 系统的设计目的银行排队系统是为解决一些银行大厅排队问题而设计的一个很好的叫号系统它的功能设计首先要符合用户的习惯同时操作方便易学易用设计开发银行排队系统目的在于系统能够有效地提高工作人员的工作效率能够使顾客合理的安排等待时间让顾客感到服务的公平公正2 系统的需求分析解决银行排队问题可以运用信息技术手段研发银行排队系统通过使用银行排队系统实现智能排队管理改善排队秩序混乱等弊端能很好地解决客户在服务中所遇到的各种排队问题2系统功能需求结合银行实际排队问题和银行客户的需求设计研发的银行排队系统主要具备如表2-1所示的系统功能需求表21 系统功能需求LED屏幕的显示排队序列通告和柜台窗口分类通过LED屏幕利用计算机等硬件实时控制显示排队序列和窗口划分银行职员控制呼叫客户进行服务通过计算机等硬件设备控制广播实现排队系统自动叫号22 非功能性需求为了银行排队系统更好地解决客户在排队中所遇到的各种现象方便客户办事及银行管理做到公正合理有序对银行排队系统设计了如表2-2的系统非功能性需求由表22所示我们公司设计的银行排队系统具备良好的安全性可靠性和稳定性保障了银行的各种业务运行对银行排队系统我们选择了使用如表23所示的资源表22 非功能性需求由表22所示我们公司设计的银行排队系统具备良好的安全性可靠性和稳定性保障了银行的各种业务运行对银行排队系统我们选择了使用如表23所示的资源23资源使用资源硬件资源软件资源触摸屏控制器LED屏幕广播设备叫号控制器触摸屏子系统软件智能排队子系统软件LED子系统软件广播子系统软件叫号子系统软件数据库管理系统软件描述获取客户信息显示排队序列呼叫广播叫号控制验证客户信息划分服务类型根据客户信息智能排队控制LED屏幕显示控制广播内容叫号序列管理客户信息的记录和更新如表23所示对银行排队系统进行了合理配置资源有效发挥系统的排队管理职能提高了银行的服务效率从而解决了银行排队问题3 系统总体设计31 方案论证com 方案要求在银行电信航空医院等繁忙的公共服务场所营业窗口前大量涌挤的人群与无序的排队一方面严重影响窗口的服务质量与效率以及企业公共形象和业务量另一方面传统柜台服务存在不安全隐患偷盗密码已经不再是个别案例顾客站立排队即辛苦枯燥又浪费时间还存在插队等现象而且多窗口的服务往往让人无所适从经常因排错队而浪费了宝贵的时间顾客盼望只排一个队只接受咚请XXX号顾客到XX号窗口办理和随机出现的客户流进行自动管理顺序呼叫顾客到对应的窗口前办理业务各设备相互独立主机通过RS-485总线与各窗口设备相连com 方案确立系统的设计理念基于数据队列原理遵循先来先办的原则智能排队系统的智能体现在该系统对的处理是根据运筹学中的排队论来设计的管理中心查询各个服务台空闲情况根据服务台总数目进行轮询算法以确认下一个取得客户的服务台号我们采用上位单片机主机实现综合管理和控制将语音模块打印机模块等集成在主机内下位从机包括一个主显示屏若干呼叫器和窗口显示屏这些设备相互独立均由单片机控制主机包括语音模块打印机模块LCD显示模块完成号码的打印存储分类并通过RS-485总线与从机通信根据预设程序工作即使增加或减少窗口设备也不需任何设置只要接上就能用基本不需维护呼叫器用于窗口工作人员操作通过按键与主机联系接受主机发送来的命令和数据及向主机发出请求操作简单并有LCD显示屏显示主显示屏为三屏数码管显示安放在大厅处接受主机发来的数据显示最近三条顾客号码信息窗口显示屏接受主机发来的数据显示当前服务顾客号呼叫器与窗口显示屏一一对应使用时将用于设置窗口号的拨码开关拨到相同位置采用本方案是充分考虑了系统控制的可靠性稳定性和灵活性使安装和操作简便使用直观化简单化在综合以上因素的基础上尽量降低系统的开发成本使其真正具有实际的工程价值和意义32 方案原理图31 系统原理框图本系统是一种集单片机控制串行口通信网络通信语音识别与处理等理论为一体的综合控制系统系统由上位主机和下位从机组成两级控制管理体系采用RS-485总线及串行通信协议实现分布式管理与控制系统由一台主机和若干窗口设备组成各自独立的单片机系统通过RS-485总线组成分布式通信系统可实现按顾客到达的先后次序自动排号及语音提示作为上位机的主机是整个系统的管理和控制核心完成号码的打印存储分类并通过RS-485总线发送到从机同时在LCD 上显示和通过音响播放语音信息呼叫器接受主机发送来的命令和数据及向主机送出请求同时在LCD液晶显示屏上显示当前信息主显示屏为三屏数码管显示接受主机发来的数据显示最近三条顾客号码信息窗口显示屏接受主机发来的数据显示当前服务顾客号码所有设备都采用四芯线缆连接其原理框图如图所示33 异步通信单片机之间的通信涉及到串行通信串行通信是指将构成字符的每个二进制数据位依据一定的顺序逐位进行传送的通信方法在串行通信中有异步通信和同步通信两种基本方式考虑到银行叫号系统的传输距离不远传输信息量不是很大决定采用异步通信方式异步通信异步串行通信规定了字符数据的传送格式即每个数据以相同的帧格式传送每一帧信息由起始位数据位和停止位组成如图2所示在通信线上没有数据传送时处于逻辑1状态当发送设备要发送一个字符数据时首先发送一个逻辑0信号这个逻辑电平就是起始位当接收设备检测到这个低电平后就开始准备接收数据位信号当接收设备接收到起始位后紧接着就会接收数据位在传送过程中数据位从最低位开始传送数据位发送完后可以发送奇偶校验位奇偶校验位用于有限差错检测通信双方通信时须约定一致的校验方式就数据传送而言奇偶校验位是冗余位但他表示数据的一种性质在奇偶位或数据位发送之后发送的是停止位停止位是一个字符数据的结束标志在异步通信中字符数据以图2的格式一个接一个的发送在发送间隙通信线路总处于逻辑1状态每个字符数据的传送均以逻辑0状态开始34 系统的体系结构银行排队系统的体系结构如图33所示图33 系统的体系结构35 系统的软件结构图34 系统软件结构图根据需求分析对系统进行软件结构设计如图34所示36 系统的基本功能和工作原理36本设计主要利用单片机AT89C51芯片和LCD1602液晶显示采用按键来对显示器和蜂鸣器加以控制来完成一个主从机分别管理排队和叫号的系统其主要功能是分别利用客户端使用一个从机排队服务机构使用一个主机来管理从机的排队信息具体功能如下1 从机客户通过按键依次加1完成取号由1602液晶显示当前客户在排队中的位置设定最大的排队人数是10人当排队人数超过10时显示排队已满排队2 主机设有2个办理业务的窗口通过按键来完成叫号由1602液晶显示NO come to NO window Please并配有蜂鸣器发出蜂鸣声叮咚加以提示排队是否空或已满空满都在1602液晶上显示相关字样在服务机构端可按键显示剩余排队人数等信息com 工作原理图35 系统原理图本系统选用我们常用单片机芯片AT89C51和1602液晶运用C语言程序设计编写较简单的延时和循环来实现以AT89C51单片机为核心由主从机的按键控制1602液晶显示和蜂鸣器提示音系统采用如图35所示的主要硬件电路运用串行通信原理通过按键给计数器脉冲达到计数1和销号-1的功能并通过1602液晶显示完成取号叫号功能同时叫号按键外接有源蜂鸣器实现提示客户的作用37 排队系统工作流程com 数据处理流程如图36所示排队系统基本流程图以要处理的排队信息为主体由客户在系统从机取号终端上按键后产生的一条记录开始给出了数据处理的整个流程[2] 图36 数据处理流程图com 客户工作流程客户到达服务大厅后先到排队系统从机取号终端上按键取号得到自己的服务票号后到相应的休息位置等候语音提示同时关注相关显示屏幕和语音提示的信息当被叫到自己的票号时根据语音提示和显示屏幕的显示信息到相应窗口办理业务com 工作人员工作流程工作人员到达指定窗口后即可看到叫号终端上显示的等待人数待准备好服务客户时按键开始工作每服务完一个客户后就按客户com 系统工作流程根据银行排队系统实际需求实现了如图37所示的排队系统工作流程根据图37所示的银行排队系统工作流程所示客户通过触摸控制器中输入账号密码和选择服务类型银行排队系统通过银行网络进行账户分析验证验证成功后通过网络工具获取客户信息并记录更新随之系统将根据获取的客户信息进行智能排队并将排队序列传输到打印机中通过打印机打印排队序列提供给客户客户持号票在休息区休息等待留意显示屏及语音提示叫号与此同时排队序列信息将传输到LED屏幕进行显示并传输到叫号子系统中当银行职员按键控制系统呼叫下一位客户的时候叫号子系统将控制LED显示和广播呼叫客户进行服务通过这样的银行排队系统工作流程实现银行排队的有效管理图37银行排队系统工作流程38 主要应用器件及技术原理com 微处理器介绍·MCS-51单片机的特点1小巧灵活成本低易于产品化能组装成各种智慧式测控设备及智能仪器仪表2可靠性好应用范围广单片机芯片本身是按工业测控环境要求设计的抗干扰性强能适应各种恶劣的环境这是其它机种无法比拟的3易扩展很容易构成各种规模的应用系统控制功能强单片机的逻辑控制功能很强指令系统有各种控制功能指令可以对逻辑功能比较复杂的系统进行控制4具有通讯功能可以很方便地实现多机和分布式控制形成控制网络和远程控制正是由于51系列单片机具有以上优点所以成为本次毕业设计所选用的处理器51系列单片机中的AT89C51单片机是一种带4K字节闪烁可编程可擦除只读存储器FPEROMFlash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory的低电压高性能CMOS 8位微处理器俗称单片机单片机的可擦除只读存储器可以反复擦除100次从工作原理上讲单片机就是一种微型计算机是一种程序存储式计算机它是在一块硅片上集成了中央处理器CPU随机内存RAM程序内存ROM或EPROM定时计数器以及各种IO接口也就是集成在一块芯片上的计算机其结构图如下图38所示图38 MCS-51单片机的结构主要功能特性·与MCS-51兼容·4K字节可编程闪烁存储器·寿命1000写擦循环·数据保留时间10年·全静态工作0Hz-24Hz·三级程序存储器锁定·1288位内部RAM·32可编程IO线·两个16位定时器计数器·5个中断源·可编程串行通道·低功耗的闲置和掉电模式·片内振荡器和时钟电路com 液晶LCD1602的介绍字符型液晶显示器的显示原理用LCD显示一个字符时比较复杂因为一个字符由6x8或8x8点阵组成既要找到和显示屏幕上某几个位置对应的显示RAM 区的8个字节还要使每字节的不同位为1其它的为0为1的点亮为0的不亮这样一来就组成某个字符但对于内带字符发生器的控制器来说显示字符就比较简单了可以让控制器工作在文本方式根据在LCD上开始显示的行列号及每行的列数找出显示RAM对应的地址设立游标在此送上该字符对应的代码即可由于1602以前没学过在此详细介绍一下液晶LCD1602的简介字符型液晶显示模块是一种专门用于显示字母数字符号等点阵式LCD目前常用161162202和402行等的模块下面以长沙太阳人电子有限公司的1602字符型液晶显示器为例介绍其用法一般1602字符型液晶显示器实物如图39所示图39 LCD1602字符型液晶显示器●1602LCD分为带背光和不带背光两种基控制器大部分为HD44780带背光的比不带背光的厚是否带背光在应用中并无差别两者尺寸差别如下图310所示图310 1602LCD尺寸图。
电工翻译词汇I2
电工翻译词汇I269inherent filtration,固有滤过当量inherent flow characteristic,固有流量特性inherent instability,固有不稳定性inherent weakness failure,固有弱质失效inhibit,禁止initial condition,初始条件initial deviation,初始偏差initial load,初负荷initial phase angle,初相角initial program loader(IPL),初始程序的装入程序initial pulse,始脉冲initial state,初（始状）态initial temperature,超始温度initial unbalance,初始不平衡量initialization,初始化initialize,初始化initiator,启动站injection cross-section[station],注入横截面[部位]ink jet printer,喷墨印刷机inlet filter,（减压器的）过滤器inlet system,进样系统inner pacdage,内包装in-phase voltage,同相电压input and output with inolated common point,带有隔离公共点的输入和输出input device,输入设备input impedance,输入阻抗input impedance of the magnetizing winding,激磁绕组输入阻抗input impedance of the measuring winding,测量绕组输入阻抗input matrix,输入矩阵input/output operation,输入/输出操作input/output port,输入/输出端口input-output analysis,投入产出分析input-output channel,输入输出通道input-output device,输入输出设备input-output model,投入产出稳定性input-output table,投入产出表input-output unit,输入输出设备input prediction method,输入预估法input quantity to frequency conversion type,输入量-频率转换型input signal,输入信号input terminal,输入端input unit,输入设备input variable,输入变量input vector,输入向量；输入矢量70input with isolated common point,公共端隔离输入inrush current,浪涌电流insert length,插入长度inside coil,内插线圈inside idimensions,工作室尺寸insolation,日射instability,不稳定性installation conditions,安装条件installation of oceanographic survey,海洋调查装备installed diaphragm pressure range,安装流量特性installed rangeability,安装可调比instantaneous availability,瞬时可用度instantaneous sound pressure,瞬时声压instantaneous value,瞬时风速instruction,指令instruction level language,指令级语言instrument auto transformer,仪用自耦互感器instrument constant,仪表常数instrument front,仪表面板instrument lead,仪表导线instrument of ground electrochemical prospecting method,地电化学法找矿仪器 instrument ofmagneto telluric method,磁大地电流法仪器instrument security factor,仪表的安全因数instrument with contacts,带触点仪表instrument with locking device,带有锁定装置的仪表instrument with optical index,光标式仪表instrument with suppressed zero,压缩零位仪表instrumental analysis,仪器分析instrumental background,仪器本底instrumental error,仪器误差insulating strength,绝缘强度insulating test voltage,绝缘试验电压insulation fault detecting instrument,绝缘损坏检示仪表insulation material,绝缘物；绝缘材料insulation resistance,绝缘电阻insulation resistance meter,高阻表；兆欧表insulation strength,绝缘强度integral action;I-action,积分作用；I-作用integral action coefficient,积分作用系数integral action Iimiter,积分作用限幅器integral action time,积分作用时间integral control,积分控制integral controller,积分控制器；I 控制器integral detector,积分型检测器71integral electric actuator,积分式电动执行机构integral feedback,积分反馈integrated data processing,集中数据处理integrated sensor,集成传感器integrating actinometer,累计光能计integrating conversion,积分转换integrating induced type polarization potentiometer,积分式激发电位仪integrating instrument,积分[算]（测量）仪表integrating(measuring) instrument,积分[算]（测量）仪表integrating recording instrument,积分式记录仪integrating sphere,积分球integration method,积算法integration testing,集成测试；综合测试integrator,积分仪器integrity,整体性intellectualized simulation software,智能化仿真软件intelligent computer,智能计算机intelligent control,智能控制intelligent control system,智能控制系统intelligent instrument,智能仪表intelligent deyboard system,智能键盘系统intelligent mechine,智能机器intelligent menagement,智能管理intelligent management system,智能管理系统intelligent robot,智能机器人intelligent sensor,智能传感器intelligent simulation,智能仿真intelligent station,智能站intelligent system,智能系统intelligent system model,智能系统模型intelligent terminal,智能终端intensifying screen,增感屏interacted system,互联系统；关联系统interaction,互联；关联interactive terminal,交互式终端interchangeability,互换性interchangeable accessory,可互换附件interface,接口；界面interface echo,界面反射波interface message processor,接口通信处理机interference error,干扰误差interference filter,干扰[涉]滤光片interior package,内包装intermediate lens,中间镜72intermediate voltage capacitor(of a capacitor voltage transformer), （电容器式电压互感器的）中压电容器intermediate voltage terminal (of a capacitor voltage transformer), 电容器式电压互感器的）中压端intermittent d.c.noncapacitive arc,非电容间歇直流电弧intermittent duty,断续工作制intermittent spray,间断喷雾internal burden(of a current transformer),（电流互感器的）内负载internal-convection sensitive element,内对流敏感元件。
企业经营模拟游戏简介
經營競賽教學法優缺點
相較於課堂講授法與個案討論法，經營競賽教學法或管理 競賽無疑是更接近實作(learning by doing)的教學方法，可 以提供那些已具備各功能部門基本知識的企管系學生一個 非常逼真的綜合應用練習
因為經營競賽在設計上模擬企業的總體運作，較適合已修 完大部分企業管理課程的高年級學生或由各有專長的學生 組隊合作，而且競賽過程是正式的、理性的、嚴肅的，不 但無法在一般的管理課程中作為輔助的學習活動，也不如 簡單明確的學習遊戲能夠引起學生動機
國內的發展
國內目前以企業營運模擬系統 ( BOSS: Business Operations Simulation System )為主要的商業化產品
國立政治大學企業管理研究所教授吳思華與光華策進基 金會於一九八四年合作發展的一套軟體，參考R. C. Henshaw & J.R.Jacson 於1973年發表之“Executive Game” 所研發
Springer-Verlag, New York, NY.
模擬
Using a symbolic model, computer simulation attempts to replicate the characteristics of the system through the use of mathematics or simple object representations.
Simulation and Simulators的差別
“a simulator is a complex device that provides a highly realistic simulation of the operational situation and provides a situation adequate for practicing and maintaining previously acquired skills”,
Research on the Application of Business English In
Research on the Application of Business English Interpretation Teaching Reform in Internet Plus Cloud Flip ClassroomWen JiangSouthwest Forestry UniversityAbstract: The core of Internet plus education is to change the original spoon-feeding traditional teaching mode, integrate the network open education resources into specific teaching activities, and emphasize students’ dominant position. In this school, the author takes the interpretation course of undergraduate business English major as the research object, and with the help of cloud storage technology and wisdom tree flipped classroom teaching platform, implements flipped classroom and builds a student-centered innovative teaching mode. The innovation of this teaching method can improve students’ autonomous learning ability and interpreting skills, and lay a solid foundation for cultivating high-quality business interpreters in the new era.Keywords: Interpretation Teaching; Internet plus Education; Flip Classroom Teaching ReformDOI: 10.47297/wspiedWSP2516-250032.202206051. BackgroundBusiness English interpretation mainly involves business etiquette and reception, business talks and negotiations, business visits and tours. Its interpretation covers financial securities, marketing, business management, economic and trade policies and other fields. Therefore, business English interpretation not only requires interpreters to be experts in two languages, but alsoAbout the author: Wen Jiang (1989-07), female, Han nationality, native place: Yunnan, Southwest Forestry University, title: Lecturer Master’s degree, research direction: Teach-ing of interpreting and translation.Funded project: Yunnan Provincial Department of Education 2019 Educational Sci-ence Research Project: Interpreting Teaching Based on Corpus of Forestry Sciences” (2019J0212).Southwest Forestry University Educational Science Research Project: “Internet + Cloud Flipped Classroom” Interpreting Teaching of Business English Majors (NQ201912).220Journal of International Education and Development Vol.6 No.5 2022 in the business field (Zhao Junfeng, 2017). This requires students to be proficient in bilingualism, interpreting skills and business knowledge. In the course of business English major in Forestry University, the business English interpretation course only lasts for one semester (32 class hours), which means that students can skillfully and professionally interpret business topics in just one semester, which is basically impossible, and there are many problems in this course.Some problems in the current course of Business English Interpretation.(1) Unscientific curriculum. Business interpretation teaching hours are seriously insufficient, and the class capacity is too large, which makes it difficult for undergraduate teaching to train qualified interpreters (Chen Yanjun, 2014). Taking the undergraduate business English interpretation course of Southwest Forestry University as an example, this course has only 32 class hours, so the time is very tight and the classroom knowledge is intensive, which makes it difficult for teachers to arrange enough time for students to practice in class. The class size is usually as large as 30 to 40 students, resulting in a significant reduction in the frequency of one-on-one comments and guidance.(2) Unscientific textbook compilation. The classification of business English interpretation textbooks is simple, the contents of graduate textbooks and undergraduate textbooks are repeated, the timeliness of textbook contents is poor, and the difficulty gradient of textbook contents is unsystematic and unscientific, which leads to students’ daunting, and their confidence and learning motivation are hit.(3) The teaching method is single and backward. Teachers use the written draft of the meeting, read it aloud by themselves, ask students to interpret it, and then comment on it. This teaching method is divorced from the professional nature of interpreting activities and ignores the on-site requirements of interpreting practice.(4) Students’ learning consciousness is backward. They need to reserve a large amount of encyclopedic knowledge to keep abreast of the actual situation, and have good psychological quality and professional accomplishment (Wang Honglin, 2015). This is especially true for business English interpretation. Without comprehensive business background knowledge, high-quality interpretation is impossible. Therefore, students’ lifelong learning awareness and autonomous learning ability need to be improved urgently.(5) Students’ learning concepts and methods of interpreting are backward. According to the author’s investigation, at the undergraduate stage, most students only use interpreting as one of the means to improve their foreign language level,221Journal of International Education and Development Vol.6 No.5 2022neglecting their interpreting skills, and almost no students have independent training after class. Moreover, the training means, content and intensity adopted at present can’t guarantee the training effect, and the interpretation learning is out of touch with the market demand. It can be seen that due to the lack of objective conditions (insufficient class hours, large class size, unsystematic and targeted teaching materials), coupled with the outdated traditional classroom teaching mode of interpretation and the backward learning concepts and methods of students, it should be an urgent task for the classroom reform of business English interpretation teaching to overcome this stubborn disease by using advanced technical means.2. The Cloud Flipped ClassFlipped Class, as a new teaching mode, reverses the traditional learning order in and out of class, and advocates students to complete the knowledge construction through independent and inquiry-based learning and interaction between teachers and students as well as students and students. (Jacot et al., 2014) Cloud-flipped classroom means that educators put teaching resources (text, audio, video, website links, etc.) on the cloud disk, and learners can read them through computers or tablets or mobile phones in the network environment. All the process of imparting knowledge is outside class, and students can choose independent learning to accept new knowledge, so as to ensure in-depth study before class. The process of knowledge internalization and testing is put in the classroom, which is convenient for students, teachers and students to communicate more fully, ensuring that classroom teaching can really cause the mutual collision of views, and lead knowledge learning and problem thinking to the level of autonomy and self-management.3. The Teaching Reform of Business English Interpretation Based on the Wisdom Tree Flipping Course PlatformOne of the functions of Wisdom Tree Platform is to support flipped classroom teaching. One of its biggest features is that it can provide a large number of video courses, and teachers can quote other courses according to their own classroom needs to learn from each other’s strengths.The second feature is that it can upload massive resources to the cloud for students to download and study, and students can also upload homework to the cloud for teachers to grade and classmates to evaluate each other. The author has carried out the teaching reform of Internet plus Wisdom Tree Classroom for the interpretation course of junior students. After one semester’s application, the effect is good. The teaching design is as follows.222Journal of International Education and Development Vol.6 No.5 2022(1) Academic diagnosisFirst of all, we should know the students’ mastery of advanced courses. The research object is the undergraduate business English major of Southwest Forestry University in 2019. Teachers set up a cloud class on the platform of Wisdom Tree, and distributed a questionnaire survey, which included the main topics of business English translation class. Whether to master listening skills from listening class, Whether to master basic public speaking skills, etc., so that teachers can adjust the proportion of skills such as listening analysis, writing and interpreting output in the curriculum according to students’ feedback.(2) Online learningOnline study preparation includes two aspects, which are interpretation theory and background knowledge preview. Most of the interpretation theories and training methods can be explained through videos recorded by teachers and quoted courses, such as business English interpretation, introductory interpretation and other courses as online theoretical knowledge learning materials. The learning of background knowledge can be carried out by publishing reading materials and words to the flipped classroom platform in advance and quoting online courses. For example, the theme of offline classroom exercises is business negotiation. In addition to uploading relevant reading materials and vocabulary lists in advance, teachers can also refer to online courses such as International Business Negotiation to expand students’ background, improve students’ awareness of autonomous learning, and enrich self-study methods and channels.(3) Offline classroom1) Construct an interpretation sceneConstructing a real interpreting scene can not only make students experience the interpreting environment personally, but also create a tense and serious interpreting atmosphere, and increase their actual combat experience. In the practice of classroom interpretation, the students who spoke delivered English and Chinese speeches or simulated interviews in turn, while the rest of the students acted as interpreters, performing consecutive interpretation of the target language during the pause of each speech, translating the speaker’s speech, and at the same time using the Wisdom Tree recording tool to record, save and upload it to the cloud class client.2) Group training class discussionAfter the simulation practice of interpretation is completed, the teacher plays the students’ interpretation recordings one by one or randomly, and guides the students to conduct mutual evaluation of the interpretation content in class and223Journal of International Education and Development Vol.6 No.5 2022put forward suggestions for improvement according to the standard of accuracy, smoothness and rapidity. Finally, the teacher will comment again. Under the mode of flipped classroom, the efficiency of student feedback classroom teaching has been greatly improved through a semester of student mutual evaluation and teacher comments. Almost 90% of the classroom time is spent on student-centered practice training, which greatly makes up for the problem of insufficient class hours.(4) After-class exercises and teacher monitoringThe mastery of interpreting skills is based on a lot of training. After class, students need to classify and accumulate the terms and syntax involved in this class, and upload them to the shared cloud disk of Wisdom Tree class in file format, so that students can learn from each other. After-class group practice is also one of the important ways to promote students’ mastery of interpreting skills and experience. Students have to submit two videos of after-class interpreting group practice and upload them to the class sharing cloud disk, so that teachers can monitor each student’s learning situation, its advantages and disadvantages.4. ConclusionThis project is the application research of Internet combined with cloud flip classroom interpretation teaching. In general, the curriculum reform makes up for the lack of practice class hours in interpreting class by taking the wisdom tree flipping class as the teaching platform and selecting targeted open resources as teaching resources, enriches students’ learning materials and channels, as well as the teaching channels, and improves students’ autonomous learning ability and their interest and confidence in interpreting. It is a successful exploration based on internet plus Business English Cloud Flip Classroom.References[1] Zhao Junfeng. Business English Interpretation [M]. Higher Education Press, 2017:96.[2] Chen Yanjun. Interpreting Teacher Training Lecture “2014 Summer Training Lec-ture for Translation Teachers in National Colleges and Universities”, 2014.[3] Wang Honglin. “An Action Study of Interpretation Teaching Based on FlippingClassroom” [J]. China Translation, 2015 (1): 59-62.[4]Jacot,Melanie T., Jason&Brerge, Zane L, The Flipped Classroom in Training andDevelopment: Fad or Future[J]. Performance Improvement,2014(10):23-27.224。
北京化工大学研究生课程中英文对照表
化工系统工程（II）
Process Systems Engineering(II)
ChE560
化工过程中的数学方法
Mathematical Methods in Chemical Process
ChE561
化工过程模型方法及原理
Preliminary Modeling Methods in Chemical Engineering
酶学与生物催化
Enzymology and Biocatalysis
Bio531
发酵生理学
Fermentation Physiology
Bio535
代谢工程与调控
Regulation and Control of Metabolic Engineering
Bio541
生物技术制药
Biotechnological Pharmaceuticas
Modern Pharmaceutics
Med505
药物合成设计
Designing Drug Syntheses
Med506
高等药物化学
Advanced Medicinal Chemistry
Med510
微生物与生化制药
Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy
Cat521
ChE565
纳米微粒及化工医药应用技术
Nanoparticles and Applications:In Chemical Engineering and Medicine
ChE566
化工热力学模型算法实践
Thermodynamic Models: A practice on Coding
业务领先模型BLM2
⚫ 发展支撑目标：投入产出比、人均效益、客户满意度、资产周转率表示。
24
工具示例：目标延伸
市场及客户结构目标：
核心能力建设：
XXBG核心能力
1
2
3
4
5
XXBD核心能力
1
2
3
4
5
XXBD核心能力
1
2
25
3
市场地位及份额目标
新业务新市场开拓
顾问式销售
解决方案销售
产品销售
客户需求的变化
销售方式的变化
体验/情感需求
购物需求
产品需求
电商/传销
门店/渠道销售
深入理解分析：
• 客户需求的变化• 决策模式的变化• 关键购买要素变化
想获得—>能获得
市场洞察：明确客户需求
市场洞察：工具示例-客户关键购买要素分析
客户
潜在客户
19
购买了，但不满意（现实需求没有满足的三个方面）
差距分析：发现差距，持续改进
市场洞察
战略意图
业务设计
创新焦点
人才
关键任务依 赖关系
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
正式组织
绩效差距 机会差距
差距分析
氛围与文化
1
3
与业界最佳比
自己和自己比
和潜在空间比
差距分析：寻找改进的空间与增量的获取方向
机会差距：目前基于我们现有客户的业务增长每年只有5%，且客户的期望不断上升。如果我们能向价值链高端转移，从提供单个的产品或部件发展到提供整体解决方案，不仅能够在存量客户中挖潜，还能在新市场中争取客户，这样我们就能将收入和利润在未来三年里提升20%。
人机交互知识：人机交互中的反馈调节和过程模拟
人机交互知识：人机交互中的反馈调节和过程模拟人机交互（Human-Computer Interaction，HCI）是指人和计算机之间的交互行为和交互设计方法。
在计算机操作界面中，用户操作的反馈调节和过程模拟是实现人机交互的重要手段。
一、反馈调节反馈调节（Feedback Regulation）是指通过反馈，及时调节和控制人机交互系统中的各个参数，使系统不断得到优化和改进。
反馈调节可以让用户知道他们的操作的结果，帮助用户更准确地理解他们的动作会导致什么结果。
反馈调节可以在操作进行过程中给予用户及时、一致、清晰的信息，帮助用户更好地进行操作和有效地解决问题。
反馈调节包括两个方面：一方面是及时反馈，另一方面是反馈内容。
1、及时反馈及时反馈是指系统及时响应用户的操作，给出快速反馈。
在用户的操作中，无论是使用鼠标、键盘、语音、触控屏幕或其他输入方式，系统都必须能够及时反馈，以使用户了解自己的操作是否成功，是否需要对其进行调整。
例如，在打字过程中，输入字母后，系统需要立即反馈这个字母已经被成功接受，这在视觉上可以体现为一下子水波纹效果；在界面的布局上，用户需要知道他们选择的选项是被识别的，所以按钮必须能够提供相应的动画或颜色变化，反馈给用户信心和感性认知。
2、反馈内容反馈内容是指反馈的信息必须简单、清晰、直接，以使用户能够清楚地了解系统的反应情况。
反馈信息的内容可以是声音、语音、图形或文字的形式。
例如，在用户提交表单后，系统应该及时反馈提交是否成功，并且简短的告诉用户其输入的数据是否合法；在视频播放中，用户需要知道视频加载的快慢，系统可以给出波浪线或加载条在视频播放屏幕顶部或底部，来告知用户视频加载的进度。
二、过程模拟过程模拟（Process Simulation）是指在真正的操作之前，通过模拟实验的方法，来预先模拟整个操作过程。
过程模拟能够更准确地模拟用户的操作行为，以更好地控制系统的反馈调节和操作响应。
全方向康复步行训练机器人具有人机交互力的跟踪控制
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Slide 7
Law and literature
The People vs. Grendel (McClain, 2019)
Slide 8
Pilot study
Three CS140 classes over two semesters at Park University
Auditorium Billiard Club Brewery Lemonade stand
Nightclub (2) Restaurant (3) Spa/Complex
Slide 24
Semester 1 businesses – stores
Balloon/snowcone Boutique Clothing Electronics Jewelry
Textbook: A Guide to Microsoft Office XP Professional, by Bruce Presley, et al. ©2019 Lawrenceville Press
Instructor as observer
Slide 9
Requirements
Slide 4
Current uses of simulation
Fire drill Military exercises Police procedures Emergency medical personnel training
Slide 5
Business and economics
Time Cost Planning Teamwork Attitude
Slide 10
Advantages
Enjoyment through fun activities Increased motivation and ownership of work Learning accomplishments and expectations Developed self confidence and communication
Role playing
A training technique in which participants act out and experience real-life roles and situations.
Role playing simulation vs. computer simulation
Group dynamics
Process of interactions of a group at work.
Slide 15
Ancient history of simulation
Socrates Plato Plato Aristotle Aristotle Alexander the Great Theater Chess
review 13. Final Presentation
Slide 22
Semester 1 businesses – services
Baseball academy Bed-n-breakfast Computer repair Counseling services Dance studio (2) Daycare center Graphic design Interior design
Determine the subjects in which a role playing simulation is appropriate
Slide 3
Definition of terms
Simulation
A training activity designed to reflect reality.
Business Interaction Simulation
A study in role playing as active learning by
Dean Zeller
Outline
Purpose of the proposal Definition of terms Current uses Educational research Pilot study Advantages and requirements
Slide 17
Pilot study topics – Office XP
Word
Business letter Description paper Pamphlet advertisement Business cards
Excel
Purchase calculation Budget sheet w/ charts
skills in a safe environment Decision making and creativity Appropriate for all levels
Slide 11
Additional research
The author encourages teachers from all levels and topics to participate in this research study.
Slide 16
Training simulation movie references
Apollo 13 (2019) K19: The Widowmaker (2019) Sum of All Fears, The (2019)
Ref: Internet Movie Database (imdb)
Slide 2
Purpose of proposal
“Train them by a kind of game, and you will be able to see more clearly the natural bent of each.” --Socrates
Investigate the use of simulation as a teaching method
Access
Tables w/relationships Forms Queries Reports Mail merge
Powerpoint
Presentation
Slide 18
Pilot study topics – business
Record keeping
International customs warehouse
Karaoke Language instruction Newspaper Photography studio Recording Studio Veterinary clinic (2)
Slide 23
Semester 1 businesses – clubs
Created, managed, and updated a database for contacts, employees, products, sales, and purchases
Decision making
Report tools needed for business maintenance Budgeting large purchases
Slide 13
பைடு நூலகம்
Additional terms
Frame of reference
A tool to enhance learning.
Simulation integration
The extent to which participants have adopted the frame of reference into decision making.
The Stock Market Game (Wood, 1992) The Market Game (Brozik, 2019) The In-Basket (Eitington, 2019) All-Terrain Boat (Glasgow, 2019)
Slide 6
Biology
Slide 20
Semester 1 activities
0. Briefing 1. Discussion 2. Introduction 3. Interactions 4. Ace Hardware field trip 5. eBay discussion 6. Advertisement
Slide 21
Semester 1 activities, con’t
7. Pamphlets 8. Business contacts 9. Business transactions 10. Partnership discussions 11. Partnership negotiations 12. Legal consultant meeting and presentation
Slide 14
Additional terms
Accelerated learning
A form of learning which appeals to all learner senses – sight, touch, sound, thought.
Field trip
A planned visit to a given area, site, building, or plant.
Writing
Business profile Advertising