Sub-Regional Workshop for the North Pacific∶ Integ

• National Sustainable Development Strategies
▪ Vision: 10 – 15 years ▪ Pro-poor / sector priorities, policies and strategies ▪ Strategic outcomes: 3 - 5 year time frame, may be
– It creates income and employment for the poor and disadvantaged:
• Youth and other unemployed (low-skilled) • Women • Other disadvantaged groups (elderly, disabled, displaced people,
▪ Changing attitudes to traditional roles, customs and responsibilities:
▪ Exposure to outside influences including: money,
“western values” in social relations, alcohol/drugs, DVD/videos, access to information and knowledge etc
▪ Weakening of traditional family discipline and ties ▪ Increasing social and domestic tension
▪ Lack of clearly defined pro-poor and sustainable
development strategies to address these key issues
costed future programme
▪ Links planning, policy, budgeting into an overall framework
Costing Pro-poor and Other Policy 2
• Design anห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ Implement Targeted Policies and
services between rural and urban areas
Economic and Social Policy Issues 2
▪ Governance standards are often weak ▪ Standards of basic service delivery are often poor ▪ Weakening of social environment
– Economic growth – Pro-poor budgeting; taxes and tariffs, user
charges – Equitable social expenditure – Other targeted interventions including MDGs
rural/urban migrants)
– Targeted at individual disadvantaged and poor groups
– Serves to reduce inequality
• Growth is a necessary but not sufficient condition for
– Urbanisation, deterioration in environmental health and rising social tensions
– Increasing youth unemployment
Linking National Strategies, Pro-poor Policy and the Budget
Sub-Regional Workshop for the North Pacific: Integrating MDGs into National Development
Strategies and Budgets
PRO-POOR POLICIES What Are They?
How Do They Contribute to the Achievement of the MDGs?
– A reduction in recorded poverty levels: MDG 1 and national poverty lines
– An improvement in other MDG indicators, and
– An improvement in the HDI and HPI indicators
• MDG Reports suggest that growth has NOT been
pro-poor - or at least not sufficiently pro-poor to be making a real impact on poverty and MDGs
“Good” Pro-poor Policy
5. Earmark funds for pro-por, MDG-focused policies in annual federal, state and local authority budgets and protect them from budget cuts.
Economic and Social Policy Issues 1
• Policy may be pro-poor when:
– It is labour rather than capital intensive
– Targets sectors in which the poor are employed or engaged
• Rural: agriculture and fisheries (rural) • Urban: labour intensive sectors including construction, services
Economic and Social Policy Issues 3
• Impact of economic reforms
– Increases in user charges for government services – Changes in taxes and tariffs may lead to increases in
▪ Low rates of economic growth ▪ High rates of population growth
– Declining per capita incomes
▪ Weak fiscal situations and poorly defined
budget parameters and priorities
▪ Policy costing methodology should be identified
▪ Should give clear realistic costs and benefits ▪ Casual forecasts/estimates are not sufficient
• MTEF must be a deliberate planned and
Other Interventions
• Targeted Interventions
– How should they be targeted • direct transfers • subsidies • other policy influence/interventions
• Assess the Impact of Policies on the Poor
basic food prices and other “essentials” – Increasing monetisation of subsistence economies – Lack of economic opportunity in the outer island/rural
areas leads to urban drift/migration • Increasing dependency ratios in rural areas • Decreasing rural agricultural production
poverty reduction
Growth and MDGs: A Two-way Causality
1. Growth
Human development and
poverty reduction
2. Human development and poverty reduction
Growth
MDGs are an end in themselves but also a means to achieving high quality, sustainable growth
strategies and annual budgets through clearly costed pro-poor policies
Costing Pro-poor and Other Policy 1
• Policy interventions must be properly
costed
David Abbott Regional Macroeconomic and Poverty Reduction Advisor
UNDP Pacific Centre david.abbott@ .fj
What is Pro-Poor Policy
longer ▪ Sector interventions and investment