2018年12月四级真题(一)解析

Part I Writing(30 minutes)

The Challenges of Living in a Big City

【1】With the development of economy and urbanization, the number of cities is constantly increasing in China.【2】While big cities are attracting more and more people, they also bring many challenges,such as traffic jam and pollution,just to name a few.【3】The first problem that really bothers me is the traffic congestion in the rush hour. I hate waiting for buses and being late.Therefore, I have to get up very early if I have an appointment in the morning.【4】Next is that the large population in a big city makes it【5】so crowded that you can't find a peaceful place unless staying at home. The supermarkets are always crowded, so are the cinemas and parks. parks.【6】Another consequence for such a large population is that it intensifies the inadequacy of quality medical and educational resources, thus decreasing residents' sense of happiness.

【7】As a result, although I am frequently asked whether I like to live in a big city or not, my answer is always no, definitely not, How about you?

话题词汇: unsatisfactory不满意的leisure娱乐opportunity机会

fast pace快节奏

pressure压力

lifestyle生活方式

environment环境

urban城市的

health健康

Part III Reading Comprehension

Section A

【词性分析】:

名词: A) ability能力;才能; E) control控制;管制;F) damage伤害;损害; M) sources来源;根源;O) vehicles交通工具,车辆

动词:B) associated与…相关;联系;E) control管理;控制;克制;F) damage损害;对……有不良影响G) described描绘,描述; H equals相当于;比得上;) innovated创新,革新;L) relates相联系;把…系起来;M) sources来自……;找出…的来源;N) undermine逐渐削弱

形容词:D) constant持续不断的;始终如一的

副词:C) consciously有意识地,自觉地; 1) exclusively仅仅,唯独;K) regularly经常;定期地

Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious 26-damage occurring in the developing world.

The figures include a number of costs 27-associated with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.

1.die v. 死亡，熄灭; 凋零n.骰子

2.trillion[ˈtrɪljən]n. 万亿; 兆adj.万亿的

3.welfare [ˈwelfeə(r)] n. 福利; 幸福; 繁荣; 安宁

4.alone [əˈləʊn] adj. 单独的; 独一无二的; 独自的adv. 单独地; 独自地; 孤独地; 只，只有;

The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes 28-sources like home heating and cooking, has remaine d 29-constant over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.

5.source [sɔrs] n. 根源，本源; 源头，水源; 原因v. 来源; 起源; 寻求来源

6.remain [rɪˈmen]n.剩余物，残骸; 残余; 遗迹; 遗体v.留下; 保持;依然; 搁置; 剩余，剩下; 逗留

7.constant [ˈkɒnstənt] adj. 不断的，持续的; 永恒的，始终如一的; 坚定; 忠实的n.常量; 不变的事物