Peking Opera
高中英语社团第三讲：PekingOpera京剧课件(共23张PPT)
试卷讲评课件
京剧起源于清代早期(1644-1911)流行于长江下游以南地区的一种 民间戏曲徽剧。由于徽剧团的流动性很强，表演者经常接触其他类型 的戏剧，融入不同的地区的音乐体系和曲调。1790年，为了庆祝乾隆 皇帝(1736年-1795年在位)八十大寿，安徽四大剧团将徽剧带到北京参 加庆祝活动。他们的表演很快吸引了观众，标志着京剧200多年历史的 开始。
试卷讲评课件
一般来说，舞台上的角色分为四类：生(男)、旦(女)、净 (男，脸谱演员)和丑(男，小丑)。每个角色都有不同的年龄、性别和社 会地位。生是京剧中的主要男性角色。旦是女性角色。然而，有趣的 是，年轻的男演员实际上扮演这个角色，因为1912年之前，女性不允 许表演。在普通话中，“净”的意思是干净，然而角色脸上的脸谱使这 个角色看上去并不干净，所以“净”实际是相反的意思。“丑”的意思是丑 陋。扮演丑角的演员鼻子上画了一个白点。这个特性意味着它们是丑 的。一般来说，演员只扮演一类角色；跨界艺术家是非常有天赋和罕 见的。
试卷讲评课件
京剧ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ色 Roles 京剧中的人物并不是以人们在日常生活中的外表为基础的。根据
不同剧中角色的性别、性格、年龄、职业和社会地位，在化妆和服装 的制作中使用了艺术夸张。
The characters staged in Peking opera are not based on the appearance of people in daily life. Artistic exaggerations are applied in elaboration of makeup and costumes according to gender, personality, age, occupation, and social status of the roles in different plays.
Peking opera京剧英文介绍
1. In 1915, for the first time Mei used the spotlight 追光 in Peking Opera.
Beijing opera reached maturity between 1883 and
1918. This was partly because the Empress Dowager Cixi became a regular patron of it. In this period, the leading figures are Tan Xinpei , Wang Guifen and Sun Juxian who were called ”The three post giants of Housheng”.
•Peking Opera evolved from Kunqu Opera, an even more ancient art of drama listed by UNESCO in 2001 among the first group of works representing humankind through oral history.
2. In 1923, Mei was inspired to add erhu to the accompaniment of Peking opera, which enriched its background music.
主要用金、银色，或在辅色中添勾 金、银色线条和涂色块，以示神圣 威严。
(完整版)PEKING OPERA
Mei’s masterpiece plays
Hale Waihona Puke Farewell My Concubine 姬)
(霸王别
The Drunken Concubine 醉酒)
(贵妃
Re-commanding the Army (穆桂英 挂帅)
Scattering Flowers
(天女散花)
Eternal Regret
(长恨歌)
There are Four main roles in Peking Opera
生 （sheng）
旦（dan） 净（jing）
丑 （chou）
生 sheng：main male role
旦 dan：main female role
净 jing：painted face male
丑 chou：clown，male or felmale
Yellow types
of facial makeup in operas that vicious brutality(凶 狠残暴 ), such as Dian Wei
Blue or green
types of facial makeup in operas that some of the figures represented irritable(粗豪暴躁 ), such as Dou Ambassador(窦尔敦、), Ma Wu (马武 )
“唱”指演唱，“念”指具有音乐性的念 白。二者相辅相成，构成歌舞化的京剧 表演艺术两大要素之一的 “歌”；
• “做”指舞蹈化的形体动作， “打”指武打和翻跌的技 艺，二者相互结合，构成 歌舞化的京剧表演艺术两 大要素之一的“舞”。
The legend of peking opera
京剧翻译成“Peking Opera”,合适吗？网友：Jingju
前几年，国家京剧院与北京京剧院将联合发出一项倡议，呼吁全国各京剧院为京剧正名，将剧院名称中对京剧的英文译法从“Peking Opera”更改为“Jingju”。
这个消息一经传出，就引起了关注和讨论，而且两极分化特别验证，很多支持者认为这是在“正本清源”，而反对者认为是“折腾”，至于“京剧”是否要进行正名，今天知行翻译试着和大家共同探讨一下。
我们知道英语中的“Opera”是指西方的歌剧，它是主要依靠声音打动听众，就比如维也纳金色大厅的新年音乐会那样，而京剧则完全不同，京剧不光有唱腔，念白等声音，还有舞蹈，武术动作等，用白话讲，歌剧就好比收音机，只能靠耳朵去听，但是京剧更像是电视机，不仅有声音，还有生动的画面感，因此从表演形式和艺术特性上，二者的差别是非常大的，很多看日剧的朋友，对日本的歌舞伎应该比较了解，在日语中歌舞伎的发音是“Ka-bu-ki”，对应的英文翻译是“Kabuki”，而不是“Tokyo Opera”，由此，笔者认为“京剧”也应该得到正名。
除了“京剧”需要正名以外，最典型地当属我国传统文化象征之一的“龙”，在英语中用“Dragon”表示，“龙”在西方国家的认知中，是一种充满霸气和攻击性的庞然大物，是一种邪恶的有翼怪物，它的身躯庞大笨拙，颜色时黑灰色，长着巨大的翅膀，口中吐火，吞噬人和其他动物，而在中国，龙是由鹿的角，骆驼的头，虾的眼睛，蛇的身体，青蛙的肚皮，鲤鱼的鳞，鹰的爪子，老虎的手掌，牛的耳朵这9中图腾组成，是风调雨顺和吉祥的象征，也是民族和谐的标志。
粗俗来讲，从外形来说，西方的“dragon”是指火龙，而中国的龙是指水龙，之所以把“龙”翻译成“dragon”，是由于自鸦片战争之后，西方话语力量建构的结果，有很多中国学者提出了“龙”英译的修改意见，可以意译成“Long”或者“Loong”，您觉得哪种比较贴切呢？对于翻译人员来说，都深深明白一个道理，那就是不同文化之间存在着不可通译性，有时候两种文化之间灭有完全的对等语，这是无法回避的客观存在，唐代的玄奘法师翻译佛经时，提出了“秘密故，含多义故，无此故，顺古故，生善故”这五不翻原则，这体现了玄奘法师对于印度文明的尊敬和审慎，与古人而言，我们也应该持有这样一种态度，在这个文化多元化的社会，我们应该做到“名者实之宾也”，这是一种文化主体性和民族自信心的体现，大家觉得呢？。
20.Peking Opera
京剧是中国的一种传统艺术。
Peking opera is a traditional art in China.它是中国戏曲的一种，起源于1790 年四大徽班（Four Great Anhui Troupes）入京表演的时候，发展于19 世纪中期，到清朝达到全盛阶段。
It is a kind of Chinese opera which was born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes came to Beijing in 1790, arose in the mid-19th century and was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty.京剧被看成是中国文化艺术的瑰宝。
Peking opera is widely regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China.虽然它被称为京剧，但是它的起源地却是中国的安徽省和湖北省。
Although it is called Beijing opera, its origins arein the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei.京剧先是一种宫廷表演艺术，而后才慢慢普及到民间。
Beijing opera was originally staged for the court and came into the public later.在数百年前，京剧作为一种新的戏曲形式，无论在哪里进行表演，都饱受欢迎。
Hundreds of years ago, as a new style of drama, wherever they have been performed, they would be warmly welcomed.而在现代社会中，京剧等传统戏曲却不大能被年轻人接受，面临着巨大的生存危机。
介绍京剧英语作文100词
介绍京剧英语作文100词英文回答：Peking Opera is a traditional Chinese theatrical form that combines music, dance, acrobatics, and martial arts.It is one of the most popular and influential forms of Chinese theater, and is often considered to be the national opera of China. Peking Opera is characterized by its elaborate costumes, colorful makeup, and stylized singing and movement. The stories are often based on Chinese history, mythology, or folklore, and are often performed in a highly stylized manner. Peking Opera is a UNESCOIntangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, and is considered to be one of the most important forms of Chinese cultural expression.中文回答：京剧是中国传统戏曲形式，集音乐、舞蹈、杂技、武术于一体。
它是中国最受欢迎、最具影响力的中国戏剧形式之一，常被认为是中国国粹。
京剧的特点是戏服精美、化妆浓艳、唱腔和动作程式化。
故事多取材于中国历史、神话或民间传说，且表演程式化程度较高。
京剧是联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产，被认为是中国最重要的文化表现形式之一。
补充说明：京剧是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，在世界范围内享有很高的声誉。
京剧英文简介
Peking Opera, also known as "Beijing Opera", is a traditional Chinese opera art with a history of more than 200 years. It originated from the combination of several genres of Chinese opera in the late 18th century and was officially named "Peking Opera" in 1950. The art of Peking Opera combines music, singing, acrobatics, acting and mime, and is one of the most important forms of Chinese traditional culture. The main characters of Peking Opera are generally male roles, with a variety of different roles such as old men, young men, officials, soldiers, women and children. The stage props mainly include chairs, tables, fans, bottles, screens, lanterns, etc. The music of Peking Opera is mainly composed of aria, chorus and instrumental music. The aria is the main part of the performance, with different lengths and styles to show different emotional expressions and characters. The chorus is usually composed of several lines of people, used to express the feelings of the characters and enhance the atmosphere. The instrumental music is mainly played by the orchestra located at the left and right sides of the stage, providing background music for the performance.。
京剧介绍 英文 Peking opera
1
3
SINGING
2
DIALOGUE
4
DANCING
MARTIAL ART
Yellow and white shows cunning, with Caocao as its representative, a famous politician in the late Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220)
➢ With over half a century of mixture and combination of various kinds of operas there came the present Peking opera, the most impressive kind of opera in China.
➢ It is rich in repertoire with large number of artists of performance and of audiences. It has a profound influence in China.
A Number of Stylized Action
Sun Xiaolu 2019171172 2020.3.13
Thank You For Attention
The costumes in Peking opera are graceful, magnificent, elegant and bright. As the conventional Chinese pattern are used, the costumes are of a high value. Peking Opera costumes show the beauty of traditional Chinese embroidery.
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xiao sheng
dan
female character type
hua dan
wu dan
dao ma dan
hua shan
lao dan
Jing
a character type with face painted, called“hua lian” they are all male with a rough, bold and uninhibited character.
Chou a clown “no Chou role, no play”
4.The stage, props and orchestra
• a table and two chairs • The table can serve as a bed ,a support for observation… • The chairs can serve as a weapon • The space around them…
3.Four roles
• sheng
• male character type • Lao sheng, wu sheng, xiao sheng,hong sheng • laosheng is the most common male character
•
lao sheng
wu sheng
hong sheng
2.Facial makeup
• Thousands of makeup types • Colors and lines used to exaggerate or differentiate
makeup type and personality A red face indicates uprightness and loyalty, such as Guan Yu
6.Cultural influence
Peking Operas are connected with the history, culture, customs and social condition of China
• In 1919, Mei Lanfang staged Peking Opera in Japan. • Farewell My Concubine
• Peking Opera was regarded as the representative of traditional Chinese opera.
A black face a rough and simple character, such as Judge Bao
A blue face indicates bravery, such as Shan Xiongxin
A white face treachery and cunning, such as Cao Cao
Chinese Peking Opera
郭亚丽
1.Origin
• In 1790, an Anhui troupe came to Beijing to participate in performance in celebration of Emperor Qianlong. Since then, they offer performance to the local public.
orchestra
• 2 parts: wenchang and wuchang • Wenchang is to accompany singing • Wuchang is to accompany acting, recitation, dancing and acrobatic fighting • The musical rhythm is the key to success of the performance
5.The art of singing, old-style theatres
• Four artistic means: singing , speaking, acting and acrobatic fighting. • What counts in Peking Opera is singing, not watching • Audiences listen to singing with eyes shut and hands beating time, and shout“bravo”,who are typical fans • Old style theater was called xiyuanzi