山东曲阜
山东曲阜旅游攻略
山东曲阜旅游攻略山东曲阜旅游攻略孔林看点：世界文化遗产、中国三大古建筑群之一、东方三大殿之一、世界上面积最大、延时最久的家族墓地。
门票：联票150元/人孔庙90元/人孔府60元/人孔林40元/人提示：三孔景区文化底蕴深厚，建议聘请正规导游讲解。
曲阜文化国际慢城看点：中国第三家国际慢城，自然山水优美、鲁风民俗浓郁，境内拥有石门山国家森林公园、九仙山风景区、自驾车露营地、葫芦套、会泉峪、梨园等民俗旅游村。
门票：石门山30元/人，九仙山30元/人提示：国际慢城位于曲阜北部山区石门山和九仙山区域，您可以自驾车或者乘坐公交车前往。
尼山孔庙及书院看点：孔子诞生地“夫子洞”、逝者如斯夫“观川亭”、曲阜古代四大书院之一“尼山书院”门票：50元/人提示：该景区位于曲阜东南尼山镇，自驾车可以由日东高速公路尼山出口下，向南行驶直达景区。
孔子六艺城看点：国家4A级景区，修学游基地，深度体验孔子六艺“礼、乐、射、御、书、数”，欣赏《杏坛古韵》、《六艺乐舞》，观看曲阜非遗和民俗表演。
门票：60元/人颜庙看点：祭祀复圣颜回的庙宇，国家3A级景区、国保单位，庙内存有颜回当年吃水的陋巷井，元代建筑杞国公殿，是仅次于孔庙的祭祀庙宇，颜子后裔更不可错过哦。
门票：50元/人提示：该景区位于孔府景区的`东北侧，游览十分方便。
颜庙景区南侧为著名的陋巷街，《论语》中记载，颜回“居陋巷，一箪食一瓢饮，人不堪其忧，回也不改其乐”。
您不妨漫步陋巷街，感受历史的沧桑。
蓼河公园看点：国家级湿地公园、3A级景区，园内一湖春水、满眼苍翠，亭台楼阁、风景如画!门票：免费提示：景区位于曲阜南城区，沿蓼河两岸，逶迤10多里，夜景尤其漂亮，建议您除了白天游览外，还可以晚间欣赏蓼河的“夜最美”。
孔子研究院看点：世界孔子学院师生体验基地，大哉孔子展览门票：40元/人提示：该景区位于孔庙南300米处，步行即可到达。
周公庙看点：国家3A级景区、国保单位，祭祀周公的庙宇，因为鲁国为周公封地，因周公功高，其死后特赐鲁国以天子之乐礼之，许鲁国建庙祭祀文王，即为今周公庙。
山东曲阜的英文介绍
it is not good for man and woman to be too intimated男女授受不亲It is improper for man and woman to hold each other’s hands, pass objects from hand to hand属类：【习语名句】-〖汉英成语〗The men and women should keep distance.山东曲阜的英文介绍Located in Qufu, Shandong Province, the tourist area, which includes the Mansion, Temple and Cemetery of Confucius(1), enjoys a worldwide fame as a traditional Chinese cultural site. They attract numerous tourists from both home and abroad annually. In 1994, they were listed as world cultural heritage sites.The Mansion of Confucius is the living quarters of the first grandson of Confucius, a great philosopher, educator and a founder of Confucianism. It is also known as Master Y ansheng's Mansion because in 1055, or the second year of the reign of Song Emperor Zhaozhen, Kong Zongyuan, the 46th generation male descendant of Confucius was given the title "Master Y ansheng". The title was passed down to Kong Decheng, the 77th generation male descendant of Confucius.With an area of 160,000 square meters, the mansion has nine courtyards with 463 rooms along the east, west and middle routes. The main part of the mansion centers the houses along the middle route . The first four yards contain offices and the other five serve as residences. At the rear it is a garden. The mansion stores more than 9,000 volumes of files from 1534 (the 13th year of the reign of Ming Emperor Jiaqing) to 1948 and great quantities of rare and precious cultural and historical relics.The Temple of Confucius served as a place for worshipping Confucius in various dynasties. In 478 B.C., the second year after Confucius' death, the ruler of the State of Lu converted Confucius' former residence, the three-room mansion, into a temple and made it a place for worshipping Confucius. The temple was constantly renovated and expanded to its present size by emperors of the Western Han Dynasty and the following historical periods. It covers an area of 218,000 square meters and is 1,120 meters in length from south to north. There are nine courtyards and 466 rooms along three routes in the left, right and middle. The temple has an outer wall, with four corner towers, which shelters ancient pines. The main buildings along the middle route are Kuiwen Pavilion, Thirteen Stele Pavilion, Xingtan Pavilion, Dacheng Hall, Hall of Confucius' Wife and Shengji Hall. Dacheng Hall stands out and is the main hall where Confucius was worshipped.The temple houses some 2,000 tablets dating from the Western Han Dynasty right up to the founding of New China. They are one of the largest collections of tablets in the country. There are now three exhibition halls displaying tablets from the Han dynasty and Six Kingdoms of Wei, stone statues from the Han Dynasty and calligraphic carvings on Y uhonglou tablets. The 17 tablets of Han Dynasty are the largest collection in the country in term of quantity reserved in one place.The Cemetery of Confucius is about 1.5 kilometers north of Qufu and is the Confucius family cemetery. It takes up 1.998 million square meters and around it there is a seven-kilometer-long hedge. The pavilions, towers, halls and archways built in various historical periods are set in a forest. Behind the Zhushui Bridge is the graveyard, dating from the Eastern Zhou, which houses the tomb of Confucius, the tombs of his son Kong Li and grandson Kong Ji. The tomb of Confucius is 6.2 meters high and has a circumference of 88 meters.Notes 1. the Mansion, Temple and Cemetery of Confucius 孔府、孔庙、孔林山东曲阜孔庙英语导游词山东曲阜孔庙英语导游词Shandong Qufu Confucian temple English tourguide wordRespect fellow guests:Hello! I travel, the reception department's request, visits the tour to presence famous city Qufu fellow welcome guests to express warmly welcome. I fortunately accompany the visit for everybody tourguide, is extremely happy, this is we enjoys the study together the good opportunity. After looked please leave behind the valued suggestion.First, briefly introduces Qufu to everybody the history, the cultural relic survey.Historical city Qufu was our country ancient times the great thinker, the educationalist, the statesman, the literature entire manages family affairs, sage of Kong Zi's the world hometown, Mencius's native place, Chinese nation's first ancestor shaft Y ellow Emperor's birth place, the capital, discussed the Y in native country, the Lu country capital. Three emperors five emperors have four to live the practical training in here, some more than 5,000 years history. Underground has the rich buried treasure, on has the multitudinous cultural relic. Existing cultural relic 112, including the United Nations to protect the unit, world culture inheritance 3, national protection 4, provincial level 12, other for place city level protection.Heavy center seriously has "a three two temples mausoleum", "a three mountains two forests temple". The Confucian temple, Confucian Residence, Konglin, the popular name "three", have the sacrificial offering China Y uan saint Duke of Zhou's temple, has sacrificial offering Kong Zi first big disciple duplicate saint Y an Hui the temple, the popular name "two temples"; "A mausoleum" is Y ellow Emperor is born - - the long-lived earthen mound few mausoleums; "Three mountains"; The Kong Zi place of birth Nepal mountain, Chinese grave group Jiulongshan, small Taishan - - nine (call nine mountains). Two forests are: The world educates the child best mother forest, the Kong Zi parents buries Liang Gonglin; "A temple" is Li Bai, Du Fu writes poetry, responds, bidding good-bye place, famous writer hole still no matter what national botanical garden "Shimen temple".We now look at the Confucian temple.Confucian temple, also called to the Confucian temple, is sacrificial offering Kong Zi and its Madame Qi Guanshi and 72 talented people's place. The Confucian temple with Beijing's Imperial Palace, the Hebei Chende city summer vacation mountain village and calls Chinese three big ancient architec tural complexes. The expert delivered four speeches to the Confucian temple: The construction time most remote, greatest, the preservation most complete, the Eastern construction characteristic is most prominent. Is worthy of looking at two questions from the Confucian temple: One is Kong Zi to Chinese and even the Eastern culture tremendous contribution; Two is China has the skilled craftsman in the history.The Confucian temple beginning constructs in 478 B.C., the second year which Kong Zi died construc ts the temple. Constructs temple three in the Kong Zi former dwelling, exhibits Kong Zi's clothes, the vehicle, the book and so on, "when year old offers sacrifices". All previous dynasties emperor all has the extension to the Confucian temple, counts overhaul 15, center repairs 31 times, the minor repair several hundred time achieves present the scale. The Confucian temple imitates system of the imperial palace construction, divides three groups layouts, nine courtyards, have altogether had house 466, gate pavilion 54, the thing relatively pass through in an axle wire, has nearly thousand, 327.5 Chinese acres, long amounts to two Chinese miles 150 meters. Now saw the Confucian temple is the bright Hongzhi year scale. After the liberation the country allocates funds to service the protectionmany times. Our country first batch announcement nation key cultural relic preservation organ, in December, 1994 included the world culture inheritance, becomes cultural relic unit which the United Nations protected, Confucian temple construction time remote, scale great, integrity of the preserved really was the world to be rare.Shinto. "Wan Rengong wall" front copal vigorous this Duan Luwei "Shinto". In front of the important temple all has the respect quick road which specially opens, is called "Shinto".Wan Rengong wall. This gate is Qufu Ming Chengzheng the Nanmen, also is the Confucian temple together gate, on hangs "Wan Rengong the wall" four large brush-written Chinese characters, is the clear Emperor Qian Long's imperial brush. It originates from the Kong Zi self-satisfied disciple child tribute. When Lu country congress feudal lord, some people proposed child tribute knowledge broad and profound, may place on a par with Kong Zi, the sub- tribute in the field, stands up immediately said, I may not dare with my Mr./Mrs. Kong Zi compared to, human's knowledge is just like a wall, my this wall only has one high, my teacher's wall has the number to be many. Meant that, my knowledge was equal to a shoulder chief is high, clear not any abstruse; Kong Zi's knowledge has my several fold to be many, passes through the detailed research, the comprehensive discussion, can understand he complete after, crossed the threshold, can see America of the ancestor temple, outside the gate you is blind. The posterity in order to describe Kong Zi's knowledge profound, wall of number from the master , "hundred ", "thousand " seals Kong Zi to the Ming Dynasty emperor is "the world civil official host, all previous dynasties king teacher", seals the Kong Zi knowledge to have "ten thousand ", extols the Kong Zi knowledge to have 10,000 eight feet, upward looked, blind goes against, also said this wall deep wall high rampart is extremely firm. These four characters originally write for the bright imperial envoy, Qian Long for expressed he Kong Zi the value, kissed the book "Wan Rengong the wall" to exchange his imperial brush.Jin Shengyu inspires the work place. This work place constructs at the Ming Dynasty, is expresses the Kong Zi knowledge exquisite and perfect, is similar to entire process which plays music, the integrity is from beginning to end complete. The ancient music is by strikes a gong the start, the clock gets up "beginning orderliness also", is strikes Qing to come to an end, "the jade inspires" the sound which falls for Qing, was called "end orderliness also", praises Kong Zi's knowledge is the collection first accomplishing of the virtuous sages, therefore called "Jin Shenger the jade inspires also", "the golden sound" the clock sound, the beginning, "the jade inspires" Qing's sound, the end. This also is the management wants "to finish what one starts" the idiom origin. "Jin Shengyu inspires" is the Ming Dynasty storytelling legalist school Hu Zuanzong the topic decides."Two cypress take on". Crosses the jade to inspire work place this stone arch bridge, the thing respectively has a copal, therefore the person "two cypress take on". This bridge said that, "泮the water bridge" the basin water is interlinked with the temporary palace nearby, because the historical novel is "hopes the water". In the past read book of the Confucius and Mencius, tested the institute of higher education to call "to enter hopes", served as an official hopes rises high, made business to hope gets rich, crossed the day to hope prosperously.Discontinues the tablet. Outside the temple wall the thing respectively sets up a stele, in 1191 specially vertical discontinued the tablet, got down the tablet. The west tablet early destroys, east side on this tablet writes "the official person to discontinue and so on to this". Under in the past the civil and military officials, the common people common people henceforth passed by discontinue on foot but the line, shows to Kong Zi, the Confucian temple respect.Lattice star gate. The Ming Dynasty constructs, in 1754 repaired, by wooden changed the iron stone. "The lattice star gate" is the Qian Long imperial brush. Hands down the space galaxy "to have the twenty-eight lunarmansions", among, has to govern cultural the star to be called "the lattice star", the other name "Star ", "the day inspires the star", contacts with Kong Zi and the space tube culture star, Shuowen melts the aspect he is highest, if the past offered sacrifice to heaven, needed first to offer a sacrifice to "Star ", had reveres Kong Ruzun the day the view.Too with vitality work place. This work place was the Ming Dynasty in 1544 constructs, extremely approved Kong Zi's thought, advocated was similar to "the outer space universe to be able to nurture the myriad things. Gathering of the world, gathering of the four directions, gathering of the masculine and feminine elements ", the name" too and "the gas is the most basic thing, the universe too and, vitality of the world. "Too with the vitality" was the Shandong governor once the mill handwritten letter.To Confucian temple work place. The Ming Dynasty constructs "to the Confucian temple work place", is the white marble, on plays the part of the flame no. 3 gunpowder tea.German world, Daoist monk's cap ancient and modern. This Daoist temple thing respectively constructs a very unusual memorial arch to the lining, the wooden angle surrounds, thousand first ten thousand continues, gets down has eight , is called "day Long Shenshi", hands down its dignified inspiration, may drive out evilly, is just. East side the memorial arch submits a written statement: "The German world", said Kong Zi's thought advocated is similar to profoundly for humanity's advantage, the merit can compare with the world. The west memorial arch submits a written statement "the Daoist monk's cap ancient and modern", approves the Kong Zi thought, the means ancient and modern all is the unparalleled crown.When saint gate. Three compound, four circuit intendant all same, central . This naming originates from Mencius, to the ancient times four sages , under Iraqi Yin, the willow tree favored, Kong Zi, Mencius four sages' saint mark inductions is four speeches: clear saint also, Iraqi Yin saint no matter what also, under the willow tree favors sum of the saint also, when Kong Zi saint. "When saint" extremely approves the Kong Zi thought to advocate prolonged does not fade, is sage which suits the time. Emperor comes Qufu "to kowtow the big ritual" towards Kong Y aoxing, walks when the saint gate; All previous dynasties "spread out the saint male" when the birth opens "when the saint the gate", besides these two kind of situations, this not easily opens. All walks the quick G gate, the supine wealthy and prominent family.The quick G gate, takes considers it a pleasure to be among the first to read meaning. Kong Zi's knowledge "the Five Classics four books", who first studies who first to have the culture, who first studies who first to have the knowledge, struggles the study, to first reads as by the foresight joyfully.Supine wealthy and prominent family. Praises a Kong Zi's section of speeches naming according to Y an Hui. Y an Hui said that, road of the master, supine makes up high, drills it to make up firmly. Upwardly approves the Kong Zi knowledge blind to go against, calls "to make up high", studies the writings in classical style to be very difficult, calls "to make up firmly", is high is not unattainable, is definitely may learn after the endeavor. Y an Hui said "master however, friendly are attractive, is abundant I by the article, said me by the ritual." My teacher teaches with skill and patience, teaches me by the culture, executes me by the courtesy.Chinese . In the supine wealthy and prominent family in the alcove has two historical values very high Chinese , is "the pavilion is long", (the Han Dynasty place waiter), dying of the government office gate, all is in front of Lu Wangmu guards. is taken by all previous dynasties inscription on stone tablet and bronze scientist, to studies the Han Dynasty clothing and the writing has the important value.Liquid gold bridge, this bridge, with Imperial Palace's in front of bridge of the same name, calls the liquid gold bridge, also is called the blue water bridge, three arrangements, the green water ripples.Great road gate. Crosses the liquid gold bridge is the Ming Dynasty emperor ordered by the emperor personally "the great road gate", takes "Confucian analects" center "the person to be able greatly to say, non- road great person" meaning. Kong Zi is an ordinary writer, why becomes the sage? Approved Kong Zi to summarize first the virtuous sages' experience, especially has brought honor to the Y ao and Shun soup, road of the civil and military Duke of Zhou. "The person can greatly say that, said the person can direct creates all, the non- road great person, certainly is not all direction people, this is praises person's subjective initiative." The great road hanger-on had two steles, the east side four tablets is "the Qufu all previous dynasties evolution will" has recorded the Qufu evolution vicissitude history, a Y uan generation of institute stood, the historical data value was very high, the west was "scholar out of government employment gentleman the inscription", had the very high calligraphy value.Major and medium gate. The major and medium gate is the Song Dynasty Confucian temple front door, was called "center and the gate", Italy for uses Kong Zi's thought processing question all to be possible to be easily solved. The the Ming Dynasty extension temple renames "the major and medium gate", approves Kong Zi's knowledge is accomplishing of the collection humanity knowledge, center, takes "the doctrine of the mean" meaning, "center correct path of the world, theorem of the commonplace world", center the agonic, is commonplace is not easy. Leaves, is not the correct path, has become the evil road, the crooked gate. Is said is not left is not right, the fair correct path, to front is a doctrine of the mean. Major and medium gate thing two have watchtower two is guards the Confucian temple to use.Same text gate, four big name brands, Confucian temple chart. Enters in the major and medium gate about to have four big tablets. The west bright Hongzhi tablet, says three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues ethics. Right flank the Hongzhi tablet has the the Ming Dynasty talented person Hunan Changsha Li Dongyang to draw up "the Confucian temple chart" the value to be very high.The Cheng Hua tablet, is the Ming Dynasty Cheng Hua Emperor Zhu Jianshen stands. Some two situations bring to all previous dynasties everybody celebrity's attention. One is the Cheng Hua tablet character writes, the standardization, the standardization well, exquisitely makes the person, the typeface writing technique to have "is world-famous"the evaluation; Two, appraises to Kong Zi high, all previous dynasties emperor all has the comment to Kong Zi, appraises high is Emperor Cheng Hua, he Kong Zi's thought, the means compares with eats meal, puts on the clothes, spends, one day also could not leave, had Kong Zi's truth and the means, could enable each person to develop his talents, thing it used, its strength, otherwise messed up. Said has road of the Kong Zi to have the world, road of the Kong Zi has not had the world, road of the counter- Kong Zi loses the world. If the inscribed text stated that, "Road of the my only Kong Zi, the world on first cannot not have , has road of the Kong Zi then the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues but ethics is just bright, the myriad things take their proper place.. Road of the Kong Zi in the world like cloth , the livelihood of the people daily expense cannot be left vacant for the time being.. Inborn Kong Zi vertical is the saint, lives in the peaceful good justice and humanity, the teacher road emerges, from swims 3000, is continues."Same text gate. Takes "the person concentriily" meaning of the character same text. Is says works with concerted efforts, unites as one the only then competent good deed industry; The writing must unify, has the unification the writing to be able to record the historical dissemination experience, makes the character to be able at will to mess up. The same text gate is the Kuiwen Geqian important barrier.The Kui article Chinese style pavilion, originally is a library, is the collection books place. Constructed to Song Tianxi two years (in 1018), Jin Zhangzong repaired when changed "the Kui article Chinese style pavilion". This unique grand construction, completely is the lignin structure, calls the orphaned example in the Chinese building construction. After several earthquakes, the Kui article Chinese style pavilion has not shaken destroys. The clear Kanghsi 5 years earthquake "ten houses but actually have nine, saving has one, the Kui artic le Chinese style pavilion is gorgeously motionless". The the Ming Dynasty board of personnel Shangshu Li Dongyang has specially written "Kuiwen Gefu", approves Kuiwen Ge the construction research value. Is under the porch eastern end this tablet.In front of the pavilion this thing two courtyards stated that, "The room sleeps", is place which the sacrificial offering personnel fasts, to bathe. East the courtyard is spreads out the saint male room to sleep the institute, clear Kanghsi, Qian Long offers a sacrifice to when the hole all sleeps in the east room washes the hands and face. West the courtyard is from offers a sacrifice to personnel's room to sleep. Kong Zi 71 generation of Sun Kongzhao fumigates the temple in Song, Y uan, is bright, the clear five dynasty does obeisance the Confucian temple tablet more than 130 centralisms to mount in the courtyard wall, therefore west the room sleeps calls the tablet courtyard.13 tablets pavilions. This is the Confucian temple sixth enters the courtyard, in the pavilion stands has 55 tablets, is Tang, Song, the gold, Y uan, bright, clear and so on the dynasty stands, its content all is emperor, the imperial envoy does obeisance the hole, to Kong Zi , the appraisal, successively repairs the Confucian temple the record, has the Chinese, is full, Mongolia, eight thinks writing and so on Pakistan article. South north eights five, therefore calls 13 tablets pavilions, because all is authorizes the vertical tablet by emperor, therefore calls the imperial tablet pavilion. East gets up the front row third, 62 alcoves is the Jin Dynasty constructs, is construction which our country extant cannot be seen. Every is seeks with P the edict reason all calls "the imperial tablet". "P pen Qiang is auspicious, fable Dragon King has nine, it is 8th, it loves" the article ", is good at carrying a heavy load, the stele has the writing but heavily to suit its characteristic, the image should for the main item, the turtle body, the hawk leg, the snake tail.North east gets up this third alcove is Emperor Kanghsi the vertical tablet. The Beijing Xishan picks the stone passes through Grand Canal, south the economy transports here. The expert calculates this tablet 130,000 catty heavy, along the way sprinkled the hydrogel from Jining, slid on the ice, sometimes one day only walked lies place of the cow. The Qufu book has the stone not to use, must ship in from Beijing, shows emperor to Kong Zi the value. Southeast this courtyard, west Namhkok has a piece all is nobles and ministers repairs the temple, does obeisance the hole the record, the calligraphy value is very high.This courtyard thing respectively has to the lining, east is "the Y u essence gate", west is "the view Germany gate". Is named , the Xihua gate.The Confucian temple divides into three groups layouts by here, this five, center are together "accomplishes the gate", left side is "the gold 声门", right side is "the jade inspires the gate", again is "opens Confucianism" toward the west, again is "receives Confucianism" toward the east. Accomplishes the gate the construction structure is , manipulates strategically". Middle inserts is "cancels the heart", about four jiao points look carefully go against are "fight the angle". Accomplishes the gate three characters is Emperor Y ong Zheng's imperial brush. Approves Kong Zi is the collection sages first virtuous accomplishing, has achieved the supreme boundary.My deceased teacher plants personally the Chinese juniper. Accomplishes in the gate left side this tall and straight vigorous Chinese juniper tree, is Confucius plants personally. According to record: Kong Zi cut three Chinese junipers trees in here, Jin Zhenyou two years (in 1214) has destroyed to the warfare, the tree is dry and also sends new, once "three dry three glory", had "the Chinese juniper tree date cyclopentadiene Kong date was popular" the view. During bright ten thousand all previous years talented person Y ang Guang taught the topic to write "my deceased teacher to plant personally the Chinese juniper" five large brush-written Chinese characters.Two corridors. During these two sides coordinated two row of houses, altogether 80, w ere called "the thing ", consecrates 72 talented people's places. Kong Zi is known as disciple 3000, the body passes 72 people which the six arts skilleds with both the pen and sword, consecrates in the thing . All previous dynasties kings all have seal match enjoy virtuously first. If Dong Zhongshu, Han Y u, Wang Ming are positive, Zhuge Liang, the invader, Y ue Fei and so on. Has sealed to to 156. Last first virtuous is Mr. Liang Qichao. The original cast, the memorial tablet, latter all changes the wooden memorial tablet. The thing present exhibited is the collection Song Dynasty before center expensive carved stone. Duke of Zhou trains one's son, the bat practices medicine and so on, the most precious national treasure has Chinese Wei to face stele carving 22 especially high, the calligraphy value "the sacrificial vessel tablet", "the second grade beautiful jade tablet", "Shi Chenbei", Zhang Menglong the tablet ", Mi Fubei" and so on all is the rare valuable thing. West 庑exhibited more than 100 blocks "the Chinese to draw the carved stone", all was for a long time has the great reputation the artistic valuable thing, was studies the Chinese, Wei and so on the history social life rare precious material. East northmost part is exhibiting 584 carved stone, is jade rainbow Lou Fatie which Kong Zi 69 generation of Sun Kongji writes.Place where Confucius lectured. This is for commemorates Kong Zi to lecture constructs. Kong Zi initially was under the big apricot tree lectures in the local station for the disciples. When Song Dynasty in 1018, the Kong Zi 45 generation of passageways auxiliary edited the Confucian temple, after moved the extension the main hall, constructed the pavilion in the main hall former site, the link plants by the apricot, the name says "the place where Confucius lectured". The place where Confucius lectured two characters, are the Jin Dynasty famous writer party bosom England seal scripts. In the pavilion has Emperor Qian Long the imperial brush "the place where Confucius lectured to approve", this is he first time comes Qufu to write. Qian Long writes the plaque, the antithetical couplet, the scroll which writes and so on in Qufu has 50 place.Accomplishes the palace. This is the Confucian temple , it with Beijing's Imperial Palace too with palace, the Tai'an day palace and calls the East three big constructions, also calls the East three main halls. What the value high history is long accomplishes the palace. Palace height 24.8 meters, extravagant 45.7 meters, deep 24.89 meters. Four has 28 the dragon column which carves with the entire stone, the exquisite workmanship, the attainments is very deep. Especially the palace 10 deep reliefs roll the dragon column actually world rarely, 10 pillars 20 dragons, about to fly in circles, the ascension coils around a play bead, the manner respectively differently, does not have one identically, more looked more has moves Italy, on the stone is vividly lifelike. This is the Huizhou artisan's masterpiece. Emperor comes when Qufu faces the hole, Kong Jia all use Huang Lingba long Zhuguo to get up, does not let emperor directly see the dragon column, because has surpassed the throne room, feared emperor is not happy, performs to blame. Other 18 columns are the bas-relief dragon column, surface engraves nine dragons, each pillar eight , 8,972 dragons total carve 1,296 dragons. This is the rare carved stone art treasure. Always looks at accomplishes the palace grand magnificent sight.Five saints 12 sages. Accomplishes in the palace to consecrate 17 pictures.Five big sages. Highest sage Kong Zi, Italy is in sage's sage, supreme. Confucius in central, the head wears 12。
山东曲阜三孔景区游记——孔府里的故事
山东曲阜三孔景区游记——孔府里的故事说完孔庙，说一说与孔庙一墙之隔的、孔庙东侧的孔府。
从孔庙出口出来向北走100米然后向右50米就是孔府大门。
孔府，又称衍圣公府，是孔子的后代、被世袭衍圣公的嫡系后代居住的府第。
始建于明朝洪武十年（1377年）。
历代王朝对孔子嫡系后裔不断加官进爵，到宋代时，即封为世袭衍圣公，并兼任曲阜县令，所以孔府便形成了前衙后宅的格局，主体部分在中路，前为官衙，有三堂六厅。
后为内宅，有前上房、前后堂楼、配楼、后六间等。
最后为花园。
从孔庙到孔府，孔庙巍峨壮观的牌楼、气势恢宏的大成殿、黄瓦红墙红柱、石雕龙柱等端庄大气上档次的各色建筑，让孔府在建筑方面就显得很平淡了，且听它里面的故事吧。
重光门在孔府第二进院落，一道两边不接墙的门孤立在院当中，就是重光门，也是仪门，又因其隔开前院和后院，也称“塞门”。
门四周有倒垂的木雕贴金花蕾，装饰极为精美，也叫＂垂花门＂。
明代建筑，因上面悬挂着明嘉靖皇帝朱厚熜御赐“恩赐重光”匾额而得名。
平时关闭，只在皇帝驾临、迎接圣旨、祭孔、婚丧等大典活动中才可打开。
此门为孔府各建筑中的最高规制。
据说，建国后有两个人走过这道门，一个是不懂得什么是仪门的外国人，一个是自以为配得上走这大门的某个大人物。
“冷板凳”的故事应该叫“阁老凳”。
在孔府大堂与二堂相连接的穿廊下，有一对明代嘉靖年间留下的大长红漆木凳，据说明朝内阁首辅严嵩——“严阁老”坐过这条凳子，因而被称为“阁老凳”。
游客走到这里，导游会告诉大家不要坐这两个板凳，还会讲一个“冷板凳”的故事。
“阁老凳”，来自于“严阁老”来孔府求情的故事。
传说严嵩于明朝当权时，曾做过不少坏事，后来受到弹劾，心里很是不快，四处寻门子为他求情。
因为他的孙女嫁给了当时的孔子六十四代孙、衍圣公——孔尚贤，所以严嵩的罪行被揭发后，为求免罪，急忙专程跑到曲阜来，恳请衍圣公能到当朝皇帝面前为他求情，但是衍圣公孔尚贤深知严嵩父子奸权，作恶多端，而不愿徇私情，于是就把他冷落在长凳上，让他等了很久很久，不与相见，没有回话。
【暑期旅游去哪里】----山东曲阜攻略
【暑期旅游去哪里】----山东曲阜攻略一、吃在曲阜二、游在曲阜三、行在曲阜四、住在曲阜五、景点简介曲阜-----中国几千年的伟大思想家、教育家的历史印迹。
尤其是孔子学院、国学热，让中国及世界范围内的很多人都向往孔子生活过的地方，并完成顶礼膜拜的梦想。
曲阜—孔子的故乡，当然不让成为世界旅游的焦点。
曲阜位于山东省西南部。
曲阜不乏各种华丽名片“首批中国历史文化名城”、“中国优秀旅游城市”、“东方圣城”、“文化之都”。
1994年，曲阜的孔庙、孔府、孔林等多处名胜古迹被列为世界历史文化遗产，颇具儒家文化之特殊魅力。
曲阜目前正在全方位的打造“文化之都，度假天堂”。
曲阜的孔府、孔庙、孔林，统称“三孔”。
是中国历代纪念孔子，推崇儒学的表征，以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏，以及科学艺术价值而著称。
因其在中国历史和世界东方文化中的显著地位，而被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产，于1994年12月被收入《世界遗产名录》。
被世人尊崇为世界三大圣城之一。
2007年5月8日，曲阜市明故城（三孔）旅游区经国家旅游局正式批准为国家5A级旅游景区。
吃在曲阜曲阜同周边的小县城一样，有许多自己独特的地方，且不说有关圣人的种种传说，单就孔家宴里面的菜名，就令你不由得不想起那位先哲，什么“金钩挂银条”“诗礼银杏”等等。
对孔家宴，我不太感兴趣，那是为慕名而来的外地游客准备的，还是来看看曲阜的小吃吧。
曲阜最有特色的早点，当属“羊肉泡粥”了。
在好多卖油条的摊点前，都有卖羊肉的在那儿，粥和油条是一家的，而羊肉却是单独的老板了，呵呵，叫老板好像不太合适，一时想不起该怎样称呼卖羊肉的了。
羊肉是在家早已用各种配料煮好的，根据顾客的需要，老板切下你喜欢的部分，有人喜欢羊肝什么的，而有人就喜欢吃细腻的羊肉。
老板把羊肉切成薄薄的片儿，然后用一种纸（好像叫马粪纸）给包好，或带回家，或在摊上吃。
把羊肉洒在热腾腾的粥的上面，然后再把肉泡在粥里，粥和羊肉一同入口，粥里渗进了肉的美味，羊肉里带着米粥的香气，竟然一丝一毫都尝不出羊肉的那种膻味了，连我这个从不吃羊肉的人，都喜欢吃早点时的羊肉了。
山东曲阜的过年习俗
山东曲阜的过年习俗敬天祭祖：除夕夜的“重头戏”敬天祭祖是曲阜百姓除夕夜的头等大事。
除夕晚上要摆上祖先的牌位，一般供上三代的祖先。
牌位前有肉、鱼、鸡等供品，点燃香及蜡烛。
子时前后，饺子出锅，头几碗要用来祭拜。
先敬天地，再拜祖先，也从年长者开始。
吃完饺子，晚辈就要给长辈磕头，长辈则要给没有成年的孩子分发压岁钱。
完了以后出门给家族中长辈及近支的叔叔伯伯拜年。
以前在孔府，过年要“蒸壮”，“蒸壮”就是为过年蒸各种馒头、饺子、糕饼。
府内到处燃灯、燃檀香末、铺地毯，院子里搭彩棚、拉彩带。
午后去报本堂行礼，晚饭后去祖庙辞岁。
孔子嫡系子孙离开孔府后，孔府内部的一些礼俗也不再流传。
现在曲阜的孔姓人家和异姓人家过年的习俗已没有什么分别。
曲阜年夜饭重两菜一是火锅二是鱼除夕，孩子们在玩耍放爆竹的时候，也是主妇们在厨房里最忙碌的时刻。
在曲阜，年夜饭要在当天做出来，大年初一的饺子也要在年三十晚上包出来，届时家家的砧板都“噔、噔、噔”响，人们忙着剁肉、切菜。
吃年夜饭，是家家户户最热闹愉快的时候。
丰盛的年菜摆满一桌，阖家团聚，既享受满桌的佳肴盛馔，也享受那份快乐的气氛。
曲阜百姓的年夜饭一般少不了两样东西，一是火锅．一是鱼。
火锅沸煮，热气腾腾，温馨撩人，说明日子红红火火；“鱼”“余”谐音，象征“吉庆有余”，也预示“年年有余”。
饺子：年夜饭的主角在曲阜，年夜饭菜无论多丰盛，也一定要有饺子。
过年吃饺子，是取新旧交替“更岁交子”的意思。
有的家庭包饺子时，还把几枚硬币包进去，谁先吃着了，预示着来年好运。
吃饺子的习俗，是从汉朝传下来的。
相传，医圣张仲景在寒冬腊月，看到穷人的耳朵冻烂了，便制作了一种“祛寒娇耳汤”给穷人治冻伤。
他用羊肉、辣椒和一些祛寒温热的药材，用面皮包成耳朵样子的“娇耳”，下锅煮熟，分给穷人吃，人们吃后，觉得浑身变暖，两耳发热。
以后，人们仿效着做，一直流传到今天。
如曲阜百姓在除夕夜用大锅蒸一个大馒头，全家人每人吃一口。
对于这一习俗的寓意，没有人能说清楚，有的说取团圆之意，也有的说吃了来年不牙疼。
山东旅游(14)曲阜孔府
:王菲-幽兰操(《孔子》电影主题曲)山东旅游（14）曲阜孔府摄影、制作:曹珏陈晓芬曲阜市，位于山东省西南部，古称鲁县，是周朝时期鲁国国都，是我国古代伟大的思想家、教育家、儒家学派创始人孔子的故乡。
孔子被尊为“至圣”，曲阜作为“圣地”，1982年被国务院公布为首批历史文化名城，被西方人士誉为“东方耶路撒冷”，也是世界四大圣城之一。
自古以来，曲阜的世界文化遗产：孔庙、孔府、孔林吸引着帝王公卿、世界各地的炎黄子孙及各界人士前来参拜、旅游，成为独具特色和中华民族情感色彩的旅游胜地。
大街上仿古的马车是曲阜一景，和电动游览车一起，把孔府、孔庙和孔林三个景点连接在一起孔府位于曲阜城内，旧称衍圣公府，始建于1038年（宋），为我国仅次于北京故宫的贵族府第，号称“天下第一家”。
后进行过多次重修、扩建。
孔府现围墙内占地约7万多平方米，各式建筑463间，分为中、东、西三路。
西路为客厅院，东路为家庙，中路为主体建筑,又分为前后两部，前为官衙，后为住宅，是一个集官衙、家庙、住室三位一体的古典建筑。
孔府大门座北朝南，始建于明代中叶。
门上悬挂着蓝底金字“圣府”二字，相传为明相严嵩手书。
两侧明柱挂有一副楹联，上联为“与国咸休安富尊荣公府第”，下联是：“同天并老文章道德圣人家”。
这副对联相传是清人纪均的手书。
文佳字美。
发人深思的是“安富尊荣”的“富”字少了上面一点，“文章道德”的“章”字一竖通到上面。
“富”字去掉一点，称作“富贵无头”，永远富贵；“章”字一竖出头，叫文章通天，说明孔子及其学说能与天地并存，与日月同光。
二门，建于明代，门楣高悬明代诗人、吏部尚书、文渊阁大学士李东阳手书“圣人之门”竖匾。
正门左右各有腋门一座，耳房一间，平时只走腋门，正门不开，以示庄这座小巧玲珑的屏门称“重光门”，建于1503年，门为木构，独立院中，门楣悬明世宗亲颁“恩赐重光”匾额。
此门平时是不开的，每逢孔府大典、皇帝临幸、宣读诏旨和举行重大祭孔礼仪时，才鸣礼炮开启。
曲阜三孔旅游景点介绍_山东导游词
曲阜三孔旅游景点介绍_山东导游词篇一：曲阜三孔导游词曲阜三孔导游词尊敬的各位朋友；大家早上好！孔子曰有朋自远方来不亦乐乎。
今天我就以孔子的这句名言欢迎大家来到孔子的故乡曲阜参观游览。
我是大家的地接导游员，希望通过我的讲解，您能够更好的了解三孔文化。
也希望大家在此玩的高兴游得尽兴。
在进入景区之前，请允许我为大家简单的介绍一下三孔景区以及曲阜的概况。
曲阜位于山东省西南部现有人口62万总面积890平方公里。
“曲阜”二字始见于《尔雅》一书，东汉应邵解释说：鲁城中有阜，委曲长七八里，故名“曲阜”。
会的导游服务，宋真宗大中祥符5年，也就是公元1012年，为了纪念中华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝在这里出生，曾一度改名“仙源”县，金太宗天会7年又改名叫做曲阜，自此沿用至今。
万仞宫墙：现在我们所在的位置是曲阜明故城的正南门外，这里被叫做万仞宫墙，城门的正上方有“万仞宫墙”4个大字。
“仞”是古代的长度单位，一仞约约等于8尺，相当于现在的1.6米。
据说，有人称赞孔子的弟子子贡很有学问，子贡听说以后，就说：“人的学问好比宫墙，我的学问只有墙头这么高，而我的老师孔子的这道墙有数仞，不找到它的门是不能看到墙内宗庙之美丽的”。
清代乾隆皇帝为了显示自己对孔子的崇拜，命人把自己题写的“万仞宫墙”4个大字挂在一．孔庙孔庙概况：孔庙是祭祀我国春秋时期思想家、政治家、教育家孔子的庙宇，在世界众多祭祀的庙宇当中，孔庙是规模最大，最为古老的它与故宫，避暑山庄并成为中国三大古建筑。
孔庙长达1130米，东西最宽处月168米占地面积15万平方米。
整个建筑群分为共分九进院落，左右对称排列。
共有五殿、一祠、一阁、一坛、两庑、两堂、17座碑亭53做门房，共466间。
建筑面积约1万6千平方米。
孔庙在世界建筑史上被称为“孤例”。
它集历史、建筑文化、艺术、书法、石刻、古墓等为一体。
是我国古代劳动者智慧的结晶。
是珍贵的历史文化遗产。
1961年被国务院公布为第一批文物保护单位。
山东曲阜旅游景点介绍
山东曲阜旅游景点介绍
曲阜市位于中国山东省，历史悠久，文化底蕴深厚，自古以来受到宋代苏东坡、刘禹锡、韩愈、杜甫等文人墨客的洗礼，受到丰富的历史文化的熏陶，被誉为“文化重镇”。
曲阜的景点以古迹文物闻名于世。
曲阜的古迹文物保存完好，有著名的曲阜古城、曲阜东关及其文物遗址、曲阜宋庙、曲阜王府邸、苏东坡祠堂等。
曲阜古城分杂、、角三大街，城内古建筑及石刻等景观，凝练而精美，宋庙内建筑古朴而绵长，宋朝皇家的宫室恢宏而庄严，苏东坡祠堂位于山东曲阜古城南郊，为清朝重修的祭祀苏东坡的建筑，建筑格局严谨，构件精细，景色绮丽，非常好看。
曲阜不仅有古迹文物，还有众多的山水风景。
曲阜位于高山峻岭之中，遍布着山林、山涧和瀑布，景色秀美。
比如：秦虹凤凰峡、苏峰仙洞、秦虹凤凰湖、苏峰仙洞、雾谷瀑布、封口洞、洪湖山、洪湖湖等景点。
它们有着独特的动人景色，是许多游客来曲阜游玩不可错过的地方。
除此以外，也有一些特色风景，比如，圣人岩、拱城子山、登仙洞、紫（紫陵）宫、安庆洞、苏峰岩、曲阜千佛洞、大洋阁等都是曲阜绝佳的游览地点。
曲阜的旅游资源丰富、文化氛围浓厚，是一处宁静的旅游胜地。
这里有着自然的美景、历史的文化底蕴以及独特的风俗习惯。
每到曲阜，都能感受到这里深厚的文化底蕴，充满历史文化底蕴，是一处宁
静而实境的旅游胜地。
总而言之，曲阜是一处集传统文化与自然风景于一体的旅游胜地，包括古迹文物，山水风景，以及特色风景，具有丰富的旅游资源，是一处宁静而实趣的旅游胜地。
曲阜风景秀丽，景色宜人，是一个理想的旅游地点。
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孔子行教像 （唐 吴 道子）
孔庙（本庙）位于山东省曲阜市南 门内，是第一座祭祀孔子的庙宇， 初建于公元前478年，以孔子的故居 为庙，以皇宫的规格而建，是我国 三大古建筑群之一，在世界建筑史 上占有重要地位。另外在福州、北 京、衢州、德阳等地都有孔庙。
“大成”，是孟子对孔子的评价。他说：“孔子之 谓集大成”，赞颂孔子达到了集古圣先贤之大成的 至高境界。此处，五门大开，将孔庙分作三路：东 为承圣门，内奉祀孔子上五代祖先；西为启圣门， 内奉祀孔子父母；中路大成门，主祭孔子夫妇，并 以历代先贤先儒配享从祀。三门并立，左掖金声门， 右掖玉振门。“金声”是击钟的声音，表示奏乐之 始；“玉振”是击磬的声音，表示奏乐之终，用以 象征孔子思想集古圣先贤之大成。
Tomb of Confucius
Courtyard in the Kong family mansion
Qufu' s gate
曲阜有辉煌的文化遗产，815平方公里的土地上有各类文物古迹 600余处，其中6处列入全国重点文物保护单位，11处列入山东 省重点文物保护单位，1994年，孔庙、孔府、孔林还被列入世 界文化遗产。 现保存金元明清古建筑1300多间，西汉以来历代碑刻5000 余块，古树名木17000余株，库藏文物十万余件，孔府明清文书 档案六万余件，它们都具有极高的历史、文化价值。 1961年，国务院将孔庙、孔府、孔林和鲁国古城列为全国 第一批重点文物保护单位。1979年，国家向全世界宣布：曲阜 对外开放。1982年4月，国务院将曲阜列为全国第一批24个历 史文化名城之一。1998年，曲阜又被命名为“中国优秀旅游城 市”，列为首批国家重点旅游城市之一。同年，联合国教科文 组织向全世界公布，曲阜孔庙、孔府、孔林列为“世界化遗 产”，载入《世界文化遗产名录》。 全市现有各类文化遗存600余处，其中各级重点文物保护单 位184处。
曲阜孔庙位于曲阜城区的中心，是 我国祀孔庙堂中建造年代最早，规 模最大的一座。又称至圣庙，与泰 山岱庙天贶殿、北京故宫太和殿并 称中国古代三大殿 。
曲阜孔庙（Confucius Temple）是祭祀孔子的本庙, 据称孔庙始建于公元前478年，孔子死后第二年(公元 前478年），鲁哀公将其故宅改建为庙。此后历 代帝王不断加封孔子，扩建庙宇，到清代，雍正帝下 令大修，扩建成现代规模。庙内 共有九进院落，以南 北为中轴，分左、中、右三路，纵长630米，横宽140 米，有殿、堂、坛、阁460多间，门坊54座，“御碑 亭”13座，拥有各种建筑100余座，460余间，占地 面积约95000平方米的庞大建筑群。孔庙内的圣迹殿、 十三碑亭及大成殿东西两庑，陈列着大量碑碣石刻， 特别是这里保存的汉碑，在全国是数量最多的，历代 碑刻亦不乏珍品，其碑刻之多仅次西安碑林，所以它 有我国第二碑林之称。孔庙是中国现存规模仅次于故 宫的古建筑群，是中国三大古建筑群之一，堪称中国 古代大型祠庙建筑的典范。
Qufu is a city in southwestern Shandong province, People's Republic of China. It is located about 130 kilometres south of the provincial capital Jinan and 45 kilometres northeast of the prefecture seat at Jining. Qufu is the hometown of Confucius, who is traditionally believed to have been born at the nearby Mount Ni. The city contains numerous historic palaces, temples and cemeteries. The three most famous cultural sites of the city, collectively known as San Kong (三孔), i.e. "The Three Confucian [sites]", are the Temple of Confucius (Chinese: ; pinyin: Kǒngmiào), the Cemetery of Confucius (Chinese: ; pinyin: Kǒnglí and the Kong Family Mansion (Chinese: ; pinyin: n), Kǒngfǔ). Together, these three sites have been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1994.
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福州孔庙，在福州市圣庙路，唐大历七年（772）观察使 李奇从城西北移建于此
建于南宋宁宗开禧二 年(1206年)，
泰山天贶殿
山东曲阜
曲阜市，位于山东省西南部，古称鲁县，是周朝时期鲁国国都。 “曲阜”之名最早见于《礼记》，曲阜东汉应劭(shào)(约153— 196年),东汉学者解释道：“鲁城中有阜，委曲长七、八里，故名 曲阜”。曲阜是我国古代伟大的思想家、教育家、儒家学派创始 人孔子的故乡。1982年被国务院公布为首批历史文化名城，被西 方人士誉为“东方耶路撒冷”。
大成殿
1. 九脊重檐，黄瓦覆顶，雕梁画栋，八 斗藻井饰以金龙和玺彩图，双重飞檐 正中竖匾上刻清雍正皇帝御书“大成 殿”三个贴金大字 。 2. 唐代时称文宣王殿，共有五间。宋天 禧五年（公元 102年）大修时，移今 址并扩为七间。宋崇宁三年（公元 1104年）徽宗赵佶取《孟子》： “孔子之谓集大成”语义，下诏更名 为“大成殿 ”清雍正二年（公元 1724年）重建 。 3. 重檐歇山，面阔九间，用黄色琉璃瓦， 殿前檐柱用十龙柱10根，高浮雕蟠龙 及行云缠柱，为它处殿宇所少见。内 外悬3副对联
十三碑亭
奎文阁
杏坛
耶路撒冷Jerusalem
1. 耶路撒冷是由Jeru（城市）和Salem （和平）两个词根组成，意思是“和 平之城”。 2. 耶路撒冷同时是犹太教、基督教和伊 斯兰教三大亚伯拉罕宗教（或称“三 大天启宗教”）的圣地。
3. 中东战争
4. 1948年为国际共管城市，以色列建国 之初政府机构多设于特拉维夫.但是从 1950年以来开始耶路撒冷成为以色列 的首都