2019高考英语一轮复习练习题Unit1Alandofdiversity含解析新人教版选修8

A land of diversity李仕才一、阅读理解Vinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planet’s population survive climate change.Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the world’s supply of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸盐）—the main component of vinegar.After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, before they stopped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.It’s hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive. "In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the world—rice, wheat and maize—and the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed（油菜籽）," Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.Kim also told the magazine he’s already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isn’t as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim said he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. "Now we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a method to apply this system, "he said. And for those of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returninghome from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died.1.What is the article mainly about?A. The world’s food supply will be increased.B. Plants better survive droughts.C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts.D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.2.It was discovered that acetate can .A. be used by farmers to replace soilB. only be produced by the ArabidopsisC. help plants survive dry conditionsD. be used to improve poor soil3.What are the target plants of the experiment?A. all breeding species.B. wheat and Arabidopisis.C. rice and maize.D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.4.Jong Myong Kim’s experiment of trying out the method .A. can make people’s trips pleasantB. turned out a worldwide successC. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plantsD. appeals to many flower growing companies【文章大意】本文属于科普类文章。

醋不仅使食物味道更好，还可以用它来清洁你的窗户。

研究发现醋中生长的植物，使它们更耐干旱。

1.D 【解析】主旨大意题。

通读全文可知本文主要讲述了醋能让植物在干旱的环境中生存，即能抗击干旱，故选D。

3.C 【解析】细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“In the experiment, we targeted the staplefoods of the world—rice, wheat and maize—and the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed,”可知在实验中，主要针对大米，小麦和玉米等。

故选C。

4.D 【解析】推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的第一句“Kim…he’s already been in touch withpeople all over the world who are interested in trying this simple andcost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to am ateur gardeners”分析本句可知Kim已与对此感兴趣的花卉种植公司联系，也就是吸引这些公司。

故选D。

二、教材与语法填空根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is 1.___________ (like) that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.Scientists believe that these first 2.___________ (settler) crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by 3.___________ (mean) of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the 4.___________ (arrive) of Europeans, the native people suffered greatly.Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. 5.___________ addition, many died from the diseases brought by Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans 6.___________ (live) in California than in any other state.In the 18th century, California 7.___________ (rule) by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land.Two centuries 8.___________ (late), the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of 9.___________ first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, 10.___________ ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.答案：1.likely 2.settlers 3.means 4.arrival 5.In6．living 7.was ruled ter 9.the 10.whose三、完形填空My daughter(now 18)was born with a hemangioma tumor(血管瘤)by her eye.At first it was small, and hardly __1__.After five months，it became the __2__ of a coin.__3__ I took her out，people could not __4__ their comments to themselves.“Who hit her？”，“Is that a bug bite？” I never could think of a(n) __5__ response for these people.I was __6__ to be kind and understanding，and assumed that other people had also been taught these __7__.One day I was at the __8__，with my 3­year­old son，my daughter，and at this time pregnant with my third child.A woman __9__ me，I thought here we go __10__.She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to __11__ him，as he left her with a __12__.She went on to say that __13__ with these kisses were always surrounded by angels.I was astonished.What a __14__，more loving approach to someone with a problem!My daughter will __15__ this year from High School.She is beautiful.Her early years were spent in and out of __16__.Finally the tumor was removed，because it __17__ her vision.It is not noticeable __18__ in the bright sun.She spent this year as the dance scholar for our school.She danced for 4 years on our dance­drill team.She had __19__ many scholarships.Her life is wonderful.The woman in the mall made me a better parent.Perhaps，this __20__ will help make someone else a better parent，too.1．A.noticeable B．bearableC．recognized D．accepted2．A.colour B．weightC．size D．width3．A.One day B．Every timeC．Later D．Recently4．A.make B．helpC．tell D．hold5．A.exact B．appropriateC．rude D．practical6．A.learned B．broughtC．considered D．taught7．A.qualities B．principlesC．questions D．opinions8．A.party B．officeC．mall D．meeting9．A.approached B．sawC．appreciated D．called10．A.now B．laterC．again D．quickly11．A.understand B．leaveC．hate D．remember12．A.scar B．kissC．mark D．sign13．A.mothers B．godsC．faces D．babies14．A.stranger B．clevererC．kinder D．happier15．A.develop B．succeedC．graduate D．improve16．A.hospitals B．schoolsC．illness D．sight17．A.blocked B．stoppedC．injured D．deepened18．A.despite B．exceptC．although D．because19．A.given B．provedC．left D．received20．A.lesson B．storyC．adventure D．tumor【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。