【英语语法】定语从句(一)
英语定语从句(1)
6. We will never forget the days _______ we worked in the factory.
3. This is the shop _______ sells children’s clothing.
将先行词还原到从句中： The shop sells children’s clothing. The shop在从句中作主语，指物， 应填 that或which.
4. Tom lives in the shop _______ we visited last month.
6.在我们这儿望得见房顶的那座房子是一家 旅馆。 The building whose roof we can see from here is a hotel. 7.金先生工作的那个部门老板已听说了这起 事故。 The boss in whose department Mr. King worked had heard about the accident. whose的先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物 8.我记不得他离开的日子。 I don’t remember the day when/ on which he left.
• This was time. • One had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg during the time. • This was a time when one had to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. • = This was a time during which one had to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题6：定语从句(一)附解析
2020年高考高考语法考点讲解与真题分析06定语从句（一）在主句中作定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
考点一定语从句关系词的选择定语从句关系词的选择是定语从句的重点和难点。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
关系词的选择可从两个方面入手：一是关系词在从句中所作的成分；二是先行词所指。
关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语时，用关系代词；关系词在从句中作状语时，用关系副词。
先行词指人时，关系代词用who, whom, that, whose；先行词指物时，关系代词用which, that, whose。
详见下表：1.关系代词who, whom, which, that引导定语从句关系代词who, whom, which, that在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
1. The little problems _______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. （2017北京）A.thatB. asC. whereD. when【答案】A【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The little problems may be inspirations for great inventions，从句是_______ we meet in our daily lives。
从句修饰主句中的problem，是定语从句；关系词在从句中作meet的宾语，应用关系代词，故用that。
2．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. （2014安徽）A. WhenB. whereC. whyD. which【答案】D【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The exact year was 2008，从句是_______ Angela and her family spenttogether in China。
英语语法：定语从句(1)
主语；宾语 作宾语可省 主语；宾语 宾语 定语 作宾语可省 可省 不可省
关系代词:
1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief.
限制性定语从句的构成
The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for . I visited the factory where my father works. 1.从句位置及语序 先行词 之后,用陈述式语序 “….的” 关系词
The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.
Who/that
The lady
we saw her yesterday is Green
关系代词的用法
指 代 That Which Who Whom whose 人；物 物
人 人 人、物
所作成分 主语；宾语
是否可省略 作宾语可省
先行词 关系词 从句
which、that 是关系代词，它在从句中代替 先行词the building，同时担任从句中的主语， 也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句（无逗号）
定 语 从 The Non-Restrictive Attributive 句 Clause 非限制性定语从句（有逗号）
高中英语必修一语法讲解 定语从句(1)
，定语从句（1）概念引入：She is the girl who sings best of all.她是所有人中唱得最好的。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry .他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
Give me the b ook whose cover is green.把那本儿绿皮儿的书给我。
定语从句是我们初中学过的一项语法，上面这些句子与你初中学的有差别吗？是不是有点不同呢？从这个单元开始，我们将学习定语从句的升级版，但还是从头开始学哟。
语法点拨【高清课堂：定语从句一 P1】定语从句的定义 Do you know the girl who came here yesterday? 你认识昨天来的那个女孩吗？The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good .他前天买的那本书很棒。
He is the man whom we should learn from . 他就是我们应该学习的人。
Her friend whose home is very far came to see her . 她的那位家很远的朋友来看她了。
其中粗体的部分就是定语从句，划横线的部分叫做先行词，也就是被定语从句修饰的词。
定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后 面。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：上面例子中的关系代词 who, whom, which, that 是用来引导定语从句的连接词。
这些连接词代替先行词在从句中担任一个成分，如主语、宾语或表语。
例如：Those students who study in this school are good at football.（who 代替先行词 students 在从句中充当主语）There is still mu ch homework which we must finish.（which 代替先行词 homework 在从句中充当宾语）关系代词引导的定语从句I. who 和 whom1. who 和 whom 代表人, 当先行词在从句中作主语时用 who 引导，作宾语时用 whom 引导。
高一英语语法——定语从句(1) 教案
一. 教学内容：语法——定语从句〔1〕什么是定语？定语是用来修饰名词或代词的，对其起修饰限制作用。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
英语中可以作定语的词包括形容词〔短语〕，介词短语，非谓语动词等。
→ a pretty girl→ a bottle full of water→the book on the table→the girl standing over there→the school built in 1970此外，句子也可以作定语，也就是定语从句。
→the girl who is standing over there.→the school that was built in 1970.引导词：关系代词和关系副词特点：①连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来。
②替代作用：在从句中替代它前面的先行词。
③成分作用：在从句中充当句子成分。
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose→A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物，作主语)→The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious.〔指物，作宾语〕→Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. (指物，作表语)→Let’s ask the man that is reading the book over there.〔指人，作主语〕→The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister. 〔指人，作宾语〕→They planted the trees which didn’t need much water. 〔指物，作主语〕→The fish (which) we bought were not fresh.〔指物，作宾语〕→The boy who broke the window is called Michael.〔指人，作主语〕→The person (whom/who) you talked to is my math teacher. 〔指人，作宾语〕→Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.〔指人，作主语〕→This is the house whose window broke last night. 〔指物，作主语〕英语中，定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
英语语法复习定语从句(一)关系代词09(1)
cleaned for ten years.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
A 1.Here are two pairs of socks, ___you may choose. A.either of which B both of them C .either of whom D.both of whom 2.The football team has 15 members , ___is 25 years old. C A the oldest of them B the older of them C the oldest of whom Dthe older of whom
4. Please take the second chair_______ is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that
5. Is oxygen the only gas __ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6. Finally, the thief handed everything _____ he had stolen to the police. (NMET98’) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that
1. The man ____ I saw told me to wait. who 2. The man to _____ I spoke was a whom foreigner. 3. I know a boy ______ father is an whose acrobat. (杂技演员) 4. He saw a house whose windows were _____ all broken.
高考英语专项定语从句语法详解以及练习题
高考英语专项定语从句语法详解以及练习题定语从句确实是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，同时作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词（一）定语从句一样由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词：when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于主句先行词之后，定语从句之首，，起着连接先行词和定语从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
先行词：定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
She is the girl who/that lives next door. 她确实是住在隔壁家的女孩。
关系代词that 人/物主语宾语Which 物主语宾语Whom 人宾语Who 人主语宾语Whose 人/物定语As 人/物主语宾语先行词在定语从句中作的语法成分关系副词when 时刻名词状语Where 地点名词状语Why 缘故reason 状语关系副词when（指时刻，在定语从句中作时刻状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指缘故，在定语从句中作缘故状语）。
who, whom, whose, which, that, as的使用先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语，用who/that,同时不能省略She is the girl who/that lives next door. 她确实是住在隔壁家的女孩。
先行词指人，在定语从句中作宾语，用whom/who/that,能够省略That is the girl whom/who/that I teach. 那个确实是我教的女孩。
先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，用which/that,同时不能省略The work that/which has just been finished is very important. 刚刚完成的那份工作专门重要。
先行词指物，在定语从句中作宾语，用which/that,能够省略This is the book which/that I want to read. 这确实是我想读的一本书。
高一英语语法---定语从句
高一英语语法---定语从句一．几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词（名词或代词）之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词（包括关系代词和关系副词）。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前（先行词之后）。
【as除外】6.引导词的功能（作用）：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分（关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语）。
7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间无逗号）。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开）。
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【热点语法】英语定语从句（一）山东潍坊刘永科一、定语从句概述“定语从句”是英语学习的重点和难点，也是英语高考和其他各类英语考试的必考项目。
它是复合句中三大从句（名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句）之一，也是最难掌握的一种从句。
定语从句的难点在于它的特殊结构，即“先行词+关系代词（关系副词）+从句”。
许多同学分不清哪是先行词或干脆忽略掉先行词的概念，因而不能正确使用关系代词或关系副词，更不清楚定语从句中的一些特殊情况。
因此，要想掌握定语从句，就必须弄懂定语从句的本质，掌握其要点：1. 什么叫先行词？准确判断出定语从句所修饰的先行词；2. 关系代词和关系副词有何区别，正确使用关系代词或关系副词；3. 介词置于关系代词之前的情况；4. 关系代词或关系副词的省略；5. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；6. 定语从句与强调句型和同位语从句的区别。
二、什么成分可以作定语英语中作定语的成份有许多，形容词、名词、代词、数词、不定式、分词介词短语以及地点方位副词等都可以充当定语。
例如：This is a difficult problem.这是一道难题。
（形容词）The doctor told me to open my mouth and put out my tongue.医生让我张开嘴巴伸出舌头。
（代词）Granny cut the birthday cake into twenty pieces.奶奶把生日蛋糕切成了20块。
（数词）He works in a trade company.他在一家贸易公司上班。
（名词）You should grasp this chance to go abroad.你应该抓住这次出国的机会。
（不定式短语）Do you know the man speaking to our headmaster? 你认识正在跟我们校长说话的那个人吗？（现在分词短语）Most of the people invited to the conference are from Europe.应邀出席会议者大多来自欧洲。
（过去分词短语）The girl in white is his sister.穿白衣服的女孩是他妹妹。
（介词短语）The sentence above contains an attributive clause. 上面的句子中含有一个定语从句。
（地点方位副词）但是，上述情况作定语在语言运用中是远远不够的。
英语中，句子也可以被用来作定语。
充当定语作用的句子称为定语从句，定语从句由关系代词或关系副词来引导。
例如：Do you know the girl who plays a part in Jay Zhou's advertisement? 你认识在周杰伦的广告中扮演角色的那个女孩吗？(the girl为先行词，who为关系代词，引导定语从句修饰the girl)This is the Children's Palace which was built last year.这就是去年建成的少年宫。
（the Children's Palace为先行词，which为关系代词，引导定语从句修饰the Children's Palace）There was a time when nothing was important to me.曾有一段时间一切对我来说都无所谓。
（time为先行词，when为关系副词，引导定语从句修饰time）This is the place where we got together last year.这就是我们去年聚会的地方。
（place为先行词，where为关系副词，引导定语从句修饰place）三、关系词的用法定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词；连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词（包括关系代词和关系副词），也叫引导词。
关系词不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且也充当定语从句中的一个成分。
1. 关系代词的用法关系代词指代主句中的先行词外，还在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
作宾语时可以省略；但关系代词作介词宾语，而且介词提到它的前面时，关系代词不能省略。
(1) who, whom的用法二者都用于指人。
who在定语从句中作主语，whom在定语从句中只作宾语，但在现代英语中，作从句宾语时whom可以用who代替。
The boy who made a speech just now is my best friend.刚才讲话的那个男孩是我最好的朋友。
（who在从句中作主语）I have many friends (who/whom) I can turn to for help when in trouble.我有很多在困难时刻可以求助的朋友。
(who/who在从句中作宾语)【注意】在从句中作介词的宾语且介词提到之前时，只能用whom,不能用who。
如：I have many friends to whom I can turn for help when in trouble.我有很多在困难时刻可以求助的朋友。
(2) whose的用法whose指人也指物，它表示先行词与它所修饰的词是所属关系，在定语从句中作定语。
You're the only one whose advice he might listen to.只有你的建议他可能会听。
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.=I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.=I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea.我想要一个窗朝大海的房间。
We rushed over to help the driver whose car had broken down.=We rushed over to help the driver the car of whom had broken down.=We rushed over to help the driver of whom the car had broken down.我们跑过去给车坏了的那个司机帮忙。
(3) which的用法which用来指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语。
The river which runs through the centre of the city brings us lots of pleasure.穿过市中心的那条河给我们带来了很多欢乐。
（which在从句中作主语）Do you remember the holiday (which) we spent together? 你记得我们一起度过的那个假期吗？（which在从句中作宾语）(4) that的用法that既可指人也可指物，指人时可与who或whom互换，指物时可与which互换。
在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语。
作宾语时可以省略；作介词的宾语时，介词不能提到that之前。
Jane is no longer the person (that/who/whom) I worked with several years ago.珍妮不再是几年前我共事的那个人了。
（that, who, whom在从句中作宾语）This is the supermarket that/which sells a variety of goods.这就是那个卖各种各样的商品的超市。
（that, which在从句中作主语）The message (that/which) you are looking for is in today's China Daily.你找的信息就在今天的《中国日报》上。
（that, which在从句中作宾语）2. 关系副词的用法关系副词主要有when, where, why，它们引导定语从句修饰的先行词分别是“时间”、“地点”和“原因”，本身在定语从句中作状语。
关系副词在定语从句中一般不省略。
(1) when的用法when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
它的先行词通常为time, day, morning, week, year等表示时间的名词。
I still remember the days when we swam together in the river.我仍然记得我们在这条河中一起游泳的日子。
Do you know the date when they got married? 你知道他们结婚的日期吗？(2) where的用法where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
它的先行词通常是place, spot, street, house, city, country等表示地点的名词。
有时根据需要，where之前还可以加上介词from。
Do you still remember the woods where we first met? 你还记得我们第一次见面的那片小树林吗？Please keep your things in a place where you can find them easily.请把你的东西放在容易找到的地方。
The girl hid herself behind the door, from where she could see her dad.那个女孩躲在门后，从那里她可以看见她爸爸。
【注意】并非所有的表示“地点”和“时间”的先行词，后面的定语从句一定要用where和when 引导。
如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，那么，就要用that或which引导。
例如：This is the house that/which my father built last year. （作定语从句的宾语，不用where）Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in the countryside? （作定语从句的宾语，不用when）(3) why的用法why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason这个词，它在定语从句中作原因状语。
Is this the reason why you refused me? 这就是你拒绝我的理由吗？She came around to explain the reason why she was absent from the meeting.她来这儿是为了解释她当时没到会的原因。