期末英语专业跨文化交际试题试题及参考答案

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2005-2006学年春季学期大学英语跨文化交际课程期末试题...

黑龙江大学 2005-2006 学年春季学期大学英语跨文化交际课程期末试题
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2005-2006 学年春季学期大学英语跨文化交际课程期末试题（B 卷）学年春季学期大学英语跨文化交际课程期末试题（
订线题号 I 40 分 II 15 分 III 15 分 IV 20 分 V 10 分（院系：院系：专业：专业：卷面分 100 随堂测试 20 分课堂表现 10 分年级：年级：评卷人）
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折合 70%
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得分年级
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Part I. Choose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill the gap in each of the sentences. Write the correct letters in the blanks on your answer sheet. （2×20=40）） c. Communication competence j. Symbols
1. Assume that global warming is a fact, and, as a result, assume that summers in the United States average 43℃ (109℉). It would be logical to make adjustments: Rather than air condition building all day, you might close schools and businesses in the afternoons to conserve energy. Such adjustments would make sense. Why then do some people attribute sensible midday siestas in hot climates to laziness? 2 An international student in a U.S. grocery may be asked, “paper or plastic?” The student knows what paper is and what plastic is, but don’t understand the question.

跨文化交际期末考试题【新】

跨文化交际期末考试题【新】第一部分：选择题（共20题，每题1分，共20分）1. 当出现语言障碍时，以下哪个是最好的应对策略？A. 用手势和肢体动作来表达自己的意思B. 大声说出自己的观点C. 重复使用相同的单词和短语来帮助理解D. 简化语言使用的复杂度，使用简单易懂的语言2. 对于跨文化交流来说，以下哪种观念是最关键的？A. 遵循自己国家的行为准则B. 尊重不同文化之间的差异C. 强制对方接受自己的文化D. 批判对方的文化习惯3. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种沟通方式是最常用的？A. 肢体语言B. 非语言信息C. 语言信息D. 交流方式4. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种观点是最重要的？A. 接受自己的文化习惯B. 批判他人的文化习惯C. 理解他人的文化习惯D. 拒绝他人的文化习惯5. 在一个跨文化交际的场合中，以下哪个应该是最高的优先级？A. 活跃的参与B. 语言水平的熟练程度C. 适应当地的礼仪和行为准则D. 强调自己的文化背景6. 以下哪个是一个跨文化交际中最常见的问题？A. 礼貌和礼仪的不同B. 文化差异造成的文化霸权C. 认知差异的沟通问题D. 语言障碍7. 以下哪种服务最适合在跨文化交际中使用？A. 机器翻译服务B. 优先选择专业的口译和翻译服务C. 通过朋友或熟人的介绍寻找帮助D. 利用在线社交媒体解决问题8. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种事情应该避免？A. 尊重并遵循当地的礼仪和行为准则B. 试图改变或批判当地的文化习俗C. 沿用自己的文化行为准则D. 关注当地的文化和语言细节9. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种技巧是最有用的？A. 避免使用简单易懂的语言B. 直截了当地表达自己的观点C. 关注当地的非语言行为和信号D. 尝试使用当地的单词和短语10. 当尝试与跨文化背景的人交流时，以下哪种能力是最重要的？A. 语言能力B. 理解当地文化的背景C. 思考和行动的方式D. 批判思维11. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪个语言问题最常见？A. 不同的拼写和拼音B. 不同的语法结构和单词含义C. 方言和口音D. 礼仪和交际方式12. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪个观念是最必要的？A. 尊重当地的文化背景B. 认为自己的文化优越C. 轻视当地的命令和指示D. 批判当地文化的错误13. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪个事情是至关重要的？A. 去熟悉当地的文化和语言背景B. 寻找机会批判当地的文化习惯C. 坚持自己的文化行为准则D. 放松身心，自然而然的融入当地环境14. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种行为应该被避免？A. 尊重他人的文化背景B. 没有认真倾听对方的观点C. 关注当地的语言和文化细节D. 对对方的文化行为进行批评和评价15. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种观念是最重要的？A. “我们的文化最好”B. “我们的文化最好，但我们也能接受其他文化”C. “所有文化都有其独特之处，值得尊重和理解”D. “其他文化与我们的文化无关”16. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种行为应该被避免？A. 关注和遵守当地的礼仪和行为准则B. 尝试使用当地的语言和单词C. 尊重和理解当地的文化习俗D. 批判和否定当地的文化习俗17. 在一个跨文化交际的场合中，以下哪个应该是最高的优先级？A. 展示自己的文化背景B. 关注当地的语言和文化细节C. 认真倾听对方的观点D. 强调自己优越的文化背景18. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种事情应该被避免？A. 尊重所有人的文化背景B. 批判当地的文化行为C. 关注当地的非语言信号D. 使用当地的语言和单词19. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种技巧是最有用的？A. 尊重当地的文化背景B. 试图改变当地的文化行为准则C. 使用自己的语言和单词D. 关注当地的微妙而又微小的语言和非语言信号20. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种行为应该被避免？A. 关注当地的礼仪和行为准则B. 忽略当地的迷信和传统信仰C. 尊重当地的宗教和文化背景D. 沿用自己的文化行为准则第二部分：简答题（共5道题，每题4分，共20分）1. 解释什么是文化差异，并列举至少三个文化差异的例子？2. 解释为什么认知差异在跨文化交际中是一个重要的问题，并提供至少三个示例说明不同的认知差异会如何影响跨文化交流?3. 解释什么是非语言沟通，并列举至少三个非语言沟通的例子？4. 解释为什么跨文化交际中的措辞和用词是非常重要的，并提供至少三个示例说明，不同的词语和措辞可能导致文化差异。

《跨文化交际》试题及评分标准5

《跨文化交际》试题及评分标准5跨文化交际试题英语专业跨文化交际试题注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内．考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。

试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。

监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。

二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求和答题示例答题。

答案一定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。

三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。

Information for the examinees：This examination consists of three sections. They are:Section Ⅰ : Listening Test (30 points, 30 minutes)Section Ⅱ : Reading Test (50 points, 60 minutes)Section Ⅲ : Writing Test (20 points, 30 minut es)The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 2 hours (120 minutes).Section Ⅰ： Listening Test 30 pointsInstructions:■ The Likening Test will take approximately 30 minutes.■ There are two pans t o the test and you will hear each part twice.■ There will he a pause of 30 seconds before each part to you look through ,h questions and another one after each part to allow you to think about your answers.■ You can first write your answers on this test paper. You will have 10 minutes at the end of the test to transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet.■ ALL ANSWERS MUST APPEAR ON THE ANSWER SHEET.Part 1: Questions 1 — 10 are based on this part. 10 pointsYou are going to listen to a telephone conversation between a student and a professor. Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D to answer each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. What is the name of the course that Benjamin Jones has taken?A. History.B. Art.C. Art history.D. Art gallery.2．The speaker makes the call firstly because________.A. his roommate is ill, and cannot hand in the term paperB．he knows the teacher wellC. he wants to choose this courseD．he is ill, and cannot hand in his term paper3. Which description about .he course "Landscape Painters" is no, true?A. It"s a course for non-art majors.B. We"ll be looking at several different painters and examining their works.C. We"ll also look at the history and politics of the era in which they lived.D. It is a course for art majors.4. What is true about the requirement for this course?A. The students must pass the final exam.B. The students have no final exam.C. The students have to give a major presentation about all the painters.D. The students have to give a major presentation about theart history.5. Where is the location of the professor"s office?A. The office is in the fine arts building right next to the library.B. The office is in the fine arts building right next to the gate.C. The office is in the fine arts building to the right of the library.D. The office is in the fine arts building to the right of the gate.Part 2: Questions 6—15 are based on this part. (10 points)You are going to listen to a part of a lecture on cultural diversity at home. As you listen, fill in the blanks to complete Sentences 6 —15. Note：Only one word is necessary for each blank.6. It has long been recognized that cultural variables influence how children present themselves, understand the world, and _______________ experiences.7. Culture also affects the experiences through which children"s earliest__________ and number knowledge are acquired.8. Some of these experiences may be________________ focused on encouraging learning, such as reading books to children or instructing them to count.9. More common are activities that provide implicit,________________ support for various types of learning in the context of shared everyday activities.10．Efforts to create effective classroom environments for young children from diverse cultural and______________ backgrounds should be based on knowledge about.11. It is critical to identify those aspects of children"s cultural backgrounds that have the greatest relevance forchildren"s________________, motivation, and learning at school.12. The workshop participants suggested many possibilities as important___________.13. They fell into three________________.14．…(2) the nature and extent of parent-child____________ and other experiences.15．…(3) social ________________ that affect the ways in which knowledge and skills pertinent to early learning are communicated among and used by family members. This is the end of the Listening TestSection Ⅱ : Language Appropriacy and Accuracy [30 points] Instructions; There are altogether 15 statements below. You are offered four choices marked with A, B, C, and D for each statement. Choose the most appropriate one and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. When the home market is already glutted with wheat, blindly importing wheat means not only carrying coals to Newcastle, but also bankruptcy of local farmers.A. gilding the lilyB. building castles in SpainC． having a big mouthD. casting pearls before swine17. That was only a harmless lie. I didn"t wan, .0 hurt her. I know if she knew the truth, she would do something silly.A. a green lieB. a white lieC. a gray lieD. a blue Lie18. He was discovered in the act of cheating by looking up his textbooks in the exam.A. caught red-handedB. caught white-handedC. caught black-handedD. caught green-handed19. He is a straight shooter, and hence has offended a lot of people.A. doing things decisively and with flairB. always attacking his opponents" weak points aggressively and without mercyC. honest and frank on his talkD. boasting20. I always think I"m a lucky dog. But this deal has turned out to be a dead duck.A. terrible mistakeB. complete failureC. lion in the wayD. fly in the ointment21. Don"t behave rudely with me, young man. —I"m sorry. I didn"t mean to offend you.A. freak outB. hit it offC. go bananasD. come it22. No wonder he is so sad these days. His grandfather pushed up the daisies a week ago.A. passed awayB. relieved himselfC. was not all thereD. was in a family way23. Nobody can persuade him to do that. He is very stubborn.A. as stubborn as a muleB. as stubborn as a cowC. as stubborn as a gooseD. as stubborn as a duck24. He tried to answer the teacher"s questions, but he was out in the left field.A. was not able to do soB. gave a totally wrong answer which had no relevance to the teacher"s questionC. could not express himself completelyD. had a soar throat and could not speak25. It"s no use worrying about a remote happening.A. Don"t count your chickens before they are hatched.B. Don"t have too many irons in the fire.C. Don"t change horse in mid-stream.D. Don"t cross the bridge till you get to it.26.In different culture, the ways of thought may differ. Americans are_______, stressing the need for action. However French are ________. playing great weight on careful thought and logic.A. psychomotor-oriented, affective-orientedB. psychomotor-oriented, cognitive-orientedC. affective-oriented, cognitive-orientedD. affective-oriented, psychomotor-oriented27. Which one in the following is Not an idiomatic expression?A. as cunning as a foxB. as wise as a monkeyC. as blind as a batD. as majestic as a lion28. We know that the dog is regarded as man"s best friendin the West, but sometimes dogs also have negative associations, such as " _______ ".A. A top dogB. Get the dogC. He worked like a dogD. Lead a dog"s life29. The uncle encouraged the boy not to be _______ saying that he should fight back the bully.A. as slippery as an eelB. as timid as a hareC. as meek as a lambD. as majestic as a lion30. The new office block has become an expensive white elephant.A. a thing that is rather large and eye-catchingB. a thing that is useless and expensive to maintainC. a value gift that shouldn"t be given awayD. a thing whose symbolic meaning is profound and far-reachingSection Ⅲ: Reading Comprehension [20 points]Part 1: Questions 31—35 are based on this part. (10 points) Read Passage 1 and then answer Questions 31 —35 briefly. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Every culture has its own body language, and children absorb its nuances along with spoken language. A Frenchman talks and moves in French. The way an Englishman crosses his legs is nothing like the way an American male does it. In talking, Americans are apt to end a statement with a droop of the head or hand, a lowering of the eyelids. They wind up a question witha lift of the hand, a lifting of the chin, or a widening of the eyes. With a future-tense verb they often gesture with a forward movement.There are regional body languages, too: an expert can sometimes pick out a native of Wisconsin just by the way he uses his eyebrows during conversation. Your sex, ethnic Aground, social class, and personal style all influence your body language. The person who is truly bilingual is also bilingual in body language.Usually the wordless communication acts to qualify the words. What the nonverbal elements express very often, and very efficiently, is the emotional side of the message. When a person feels liked or disliked, often it"s a case of "not what he said but the way he said it. " Psychologist Albert Mehrabian has devised this formula: total impact of a message = 7%verbal +38% vocal +55% facial. The importance of the voice can be seen when you consider that even the words "1 hate you" can be read to sound special.Experts in kinetics —the study of communication through body movement —are not prepared to spell out a precise vocabulary of gesture. When an American rubs his nose, it may mean he is disagreeing with someone or rejecting something. But there are other possible interpretations, too. For example, when a student in conversation with a professor holds the older man"s eyes a little longer than usual, it can be a sign of respect and affection; it can be a subtle challenge to the professor"s authority; or it can be something else entirely. The expert looks for patterns in the context, not for an isolated meaningful gesture.31. What is mainly discussed in the opening paragraph?32. How can an expert in kinetics tell whether a person is anative of Wisconsin or not?33. According to the writer, what factors affect one"s body language?34. What is the function of nonverbal communication?35. Can we get a precise meaning through one particular gesture?Part 2: Questions 36—40 are based on this part. (10 points) Read Passage 2 and then decide whether Statements 36-40 are True or False according to the information given in the passage. Write ""T" for true and "F" for false on the Answer Sheet.Passage 2In some respects we are like computers that are controlled by operating systems - our culture. Anthropologists Edward T. Hall and Mildred Reed Hall suggested that culture is "a sy5lern for creating, sending, storing, and processing information. - Sounds rather like the standard definition for a computer, doesn"t it? This useful metaphor helps us better understand how culture operates. Think of your body as the hardware of a computer. Computers may have more than one operating system, such as DOS, Mac, Unix, or Windows. They also have software that controls specific applications, such as word processing, spreadsheets, and presentations. When you are functioning under one operating system, say as a European North American, you behave like others in that group. But at times you may be controlled by another operating system, say, when you are in a situation where you are functioning as a female. Society programs men and women to act differently. Gender, race, age, religion, and many other factors affect our behavior. These factors are like operating systems that program us to behave in certain patterns.Just as Unix operating system has trouble communicating with a DOS machine, so do people from one culture have difficulty getting through to those from another culture. Because individuals have more than one operating system, they do not always behave as expected. And just as operating systems can control many software applications, people are further differentiated by the software application that may be operating at any given time. For example, work cultures differ remarkably from one organization to another. When people conditioned to work in casual surroundings are placed in work cultures that are more formal and regimented, they may experience culture shock.The important thing to remember is that culture is a powerful operating force that conditions the way we think and behave. And yet, we are not truly computers. As thinking individuals, we are extraordinarily flexible and are capable of phenomenal change.36. In some way people are like computers that are controlled by operating systems-culture.37. Society programs men and women of the same culture not to act differently.38. Just as computers with different operating systems have difficulty communicating, people from different cultures cannot communicate with each other.39. Gender, race, age, religion, and many other factors are like operating systems that program us to behave in certain patterns.40. In one society, people conditioned to work in casual conditions will not be shocked when placed in formal work cultures.Section Ⅳ: Communication Analysis [30 points]Instructions: The following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding in each case by answering Questions 41—43 respectively. Your analysis of each case should be 100—150 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Note! Your writing ability will also be assessed in this section of the test.Case 1 (7 points)Linhua has accompanied an American delegation to visit China. They have experienced the hospitality of the Chinese people. After returning to America, Linhua once visited them. They were so glad to meet again. Linhua offered to host the meal, but they refused. They ordered their own dish, and Linhua ordered her own. When footing the bill, they only paid their part, and no one wanted to pay for Linhua. Linhua found them so inhospitable, though she knew the Americans would usually pay for their own food.Question 41. Why did Linhna find them inhospitable?Case 2 (10 points)Zhou came to the United States for overseas study half a year ago. When he worked part-time in a restaurant, he made friends with an American student Jim.One day, as they were leaving work, Jim asked Zhou, "Zhou, I need a favor. I have to go over 10 school, and I"m out of money. Could you lend me a dollar so I can take the bus over there and then get home? I"ll pay you back tomorrow. ""Sure, Jim. No problem. You don"t have to pay me back," said Zhou, as he handed Jim a dollar.As soon as he got to work the next day, Jim went over to Zhou and handed him a dollar, saying, "Thanks, Zhou. I really appreciated this last night. It sure was too cold to walk. ""Forget it," said Zhou, as he handed back his dollar."Oh, no. I insist. 1 don"t want to take advantage of a friend. What if 1 needed to borrow money again sometime? If I didn"t pay you back now, I would feel wrong asking to borrow money again," said Jim, as he put the dollar into Zhou"s shirt pocket.Zhou answered, " But that"s what friends for. In China, we have a saying "today for you, tomorrow for me. "If you pay me back, I will feel that I won"t be able to ask you for money when I need it. I will feel like you are closing the door on me, and that there is no trust between us. I thought we were friends. How can I take the money?" Zhou handed back the dollar."But I won"t feel right if you don"t take it!" said Jim.Question 42:Why did Jim insist on returning the dollar to Zhou? Why didn"t Zhou want to take it? What culture values are reflected in their attitudes?Case 3 (13 points)Study the following two short speeches. One is given by a Hong Kong Chinese and the other by an American businessman.A. Because most of our production is done in China now, and it"s not really certain how Hong Kong will he like after 1997, and since I think a certain amount of caution in committing to TV advertisement is necessary because of the expense, so, I suggest that we delay making our decision until after Legco makes its decision.B. I suggest that we delay makin8 our decision until after Legco nukes its decision. That"s because I think a certain amountof caution in committing to TV dvertisement is necessary because of the expense, In addition to that production is done in China now, and it"s not really certain how Hong will like after 1997.Question 43:Which speech might be given by the Chinese and which by the American? Give your reasons.英语专业跨文化交际试题答案及评分标准（供参考）Section Ⅰ: Listening [20 points]Part 1 (10 points, 2 points each.)1．C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.APart 2. (10 points, 1 point each. The exact words are required. )6. interpret7. literacy8. explicitly9. unintentional10. linguistic11. adjustment12. factors13. categories14. interactions15. conventionsSection Ⅱ: Language Appropriacy and Accuracy [30 points] (30 points, 2 points each.)16. A 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B21. D 22. A 23. A 24. B 25. D26. B 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. BSection Ⅲ: Reading Comprehension [20 points]Part 1: (10 points, 2 points each. 0. 5 point off for eachgrammar/spelling mistake, but at most 1 point can be deducted for each item for the grammar/spelling mistakes. The exact wording is not required, but the meaning must be the same. )31. Every culture has its own body language.32. By the way he uses his eyebrows during conversation.33. One"s sex, ethnic background, social class, and personal style all influence one"s body language.34. It acts to qualify the words.35. No.Part 2. (10 points, 2 points each.)36. T 37. F 38. F 39. T 40. FSection Ⅳ : Communication Analysis [30 points]Question 41.Case 1 (7 points: 5 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality.)1)In China, to show hospitality, people tend to host the meal. And if they cannot do this, they at least will struggle to pay for the guest.2)In America, people tend to pay for themselves to show equality and independence. 3)Linhua knows this custom, but from a Chinese point of view, she still finds this hard to accept, and feels it a little inhospitable.Question 42.Case 2 (10 points: 8 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality. )1)Jim was keeping his promise when he returned the dollar. Americans regard credibility as very important. The value of self-reliance is also important to Americans. They do not feel it right to rely on others for too much. In American culture, owing too many favors means being dependent. Americans see this as aweakness. They cannot respect themselves if they feel too much "in debt" to other people, financially or otherwise. Instead, they prefer to be "free" from obligations to others.2)0ne reason Zhou did not want to accept Jim"s dollar was that in Chinese culture it is very important to be generous to friends. Generosity and respect for friends" generosity are two values that explain many Chinese customs and attitudes. Chinese do not try to return small amount of money for they don"t want to suggest to their friends that they are stingy and "haggle over every ounce". This is why Jim"s refusal to accept Zhou"s generosity made Zhou question their friendship.Question 43.Case 3 (13 points: 11 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality.)1)The message of the two versions is the same but the way it is expressed is different.2)The first speech might be made by the Chinese. Even though the words and sentences of the speaker are quite clear, it does not seem quite clear what the speaker"s main point is.3)The second is what the Western people might expect.4)The reason lies in the different discourse patterns between Chinese and English. The deductive (topic-first) pattern is prevalent in the West. The Chinese and other Asians favor the inductive (topic-delayed) pattern. The Western people are in the habit of directly expressing their ideas, while the Chinese employ an indirect way when presenting their ideas.。

跨文化交际期末试题

考试需知：考试前每一列学生把课本放在第一排。

考试时间为2．5个小时，试卷1为闭卷考试，前面40分钟用于完成试卷1。

待老师收上试卷1后，发下课本，学生做试卷2，试卷2 为开卷考试。

可携带纸质词典进考场，不许携带电子词典及手机进考场。

Test Paper 1Ⅰ. Filling the blanks:1.Generally speaking, in terms of contextuality, thecommunication in the West is low-contextual while that inthe East is high-contextual2.Generally speaking, in terms of world views, the West adoptsDualistic view, while the East adopt s holistic view3.Generally speaking, in terms of thought patterns, the Westfollows Analytic and abstract thinking, while the East followssynthetic and concrete thinking4.Generally speaking, in terms of discourse patterns, the Westuses Deductive pattern, while the East uses inductive pattern 5In the Axial Age, the great thinkers in China are Confucius, Lao Tze, Mo Tze, and the great thinker in India is Siddhartha Gautama, the great figure in Palestine are Hebrew prophets, and the great thinkers in the West are Plato, Homer and ArchimedesⅡ. Choose the best answer:1.Non-verbal messages are classified into two co mprehensivecategories: those that are primarily produced by the body, suchas_________,________,_______; and those that the individualcombines with the setting, such as _______, _______,_______.DA.physical contact, eye contact, paralanguage; space, time, manB.facial expression, touch, taste; space, time, silenceC.appearance, movement, gesture; surrounding, occasion, manD.movement, smell, paralanguage; space, time, silence2.In Chinese writing, there are usually more adjectives, proverbsand allusions than in English writing. Some Western scholarsname this style “flowery”, stating that its aim is to give a morefanciful impression than information, and the information isusually of beauty, fragrance, happiness, and any other“goodness”aspects so as to attract people. We may term thisstyle as_______-oriented. Western writing is more direct withobjective information. To them, much-repeated words may meanless after a while. We may term the Western writing as________-oriented.CA. adjective, objectiveB. Chinese, WesternC. impression, information C. indirect, direct3. As to the human nature orientation, the traditional Western beliefholds that _______, while the Asian people believethat_______.BA. basically good; basically badB. evil but perfectible, basically goodC. the mixture of good and evil; the mixture of good and evil;D. unknown4. As to the Man-Nature orientation, the traditional Western beliefholds that _______, while the Asian people believethat_______.DA. subjugation to nature; harmony with natureB. harmony with nature; mastery over natureC. harmony with nature; subjugation to natureD. mastery over nature; harmony with nature5. As to time orientation, generally speaking, the USA is______, thePhilippines, Mexico, and Latin America are _____, and Asia,Britain, Greece, France are ______.CA. on-time oriented; in-time oriented; late-time orientedB. youth-oriented; adult-oriented; elderly-orientedC. future-oriented; present-oriented; past-orientedD. present-oriented; future-oriented; past-oriented6. In terms of activity orientation, the USA is______, thePhilippines, Mexico, and Latin America are _____, and Asia is ______.DA. doing-oriented; playing-oriented, being-orientedB. playing-oriented; being-oriented; doing-orientedC. being-oriented; doing-oriented; being-in-becoming orientedD. doing-oriented; being-oriented; being-in-becoming oriented7. The dividing worldview is also referred to as mechanistic view. Itgoes by the following different names: DA. reason versus result; religion versus art; objectivity versusimaginationB. instinct versus intuition; science versus technology;imagination versus subjectivityC. tuition versus intuition; region versus religion; subjugationversus subjectivityD. reason versus intuition; science versus religion; objectivityversus subjectivity8. The Greek thinks in order to _______. It is speculation. The Hinduthinks in order to _______. It is meditation. The Chinese thinks in order to _______. It is contemplation. CA. do; die; liveB. spectacle; meddle; contemptC. understand; think; self-cultivateD. think; self-cultivate; understand9. “Your body doesn’t know how to lie” indicates_____BA. something is wrong with your body and you can only stand.B. body language is important.C. body contact is dangerous.D. we can’t separate mind from body.10. Generally speaking, in the US, people make friends by sharing______, while in China, people make friends by sharing _______.BA. personal relationship; activitiesB. activities; personal relationshipC. love; bloodD. blood; love11. In terms of physical contact, the high contact countries are__________________________________, while the lowcontact countries are ________________________________.CA. the US, Britain, most Northern European countries; Arabworld, Mediterranean countries, IndonesiaB. the US, Britain, Japan; East European countries, Russia,Middle EastC. Arab world, Mediterranean countries, Indonesia; the US,Britain, most Northern European countriesD. Arab world, Mediterranean countries, China; the US, Britain,most Northern European countries12. Generally speaking, in terms of contextuality of communication,the high-contextual people are __________________________________, while the low-contextual countries are ________________________________AA. Latin Americans, Chinese, Japanese; the Americans, German,SwissB. the Americans, German, Swiss; Latin Americans, Chinese,JapaneseC. Native Americans, Chinese, Koreans; the Americans, Japanese,BritishD. the Americans, Japanese, British; Native Americans, Chinese,Koreans13. Each person has a “bubble”of space (territory). Studies showthat people from ________, ________, ________have a smaller personal territory than do people from ________, ________, -_________.AA. South America, Arab countries, and many Asian countries;North America, Britain, GermanyB. North America, Britain, Germany; South America, Arabcountries, and many Asian countriesC. South America, Britain, Germany; North America, Arabcountries, and many Asian countries.D. North America, Arab countries, and many Asian countries;South America, Britain, Germany14. In ___________ culture, the nuclear family is much moreimportant to the individual than the extended family, while in ____________, ________, _______, ________ culture, the extended family is very important. CA. Hispanic; American, Asian, Arabian, AfricanB. Arabian; American, Asian, African, HispanicC. American; Asian, African, Arabian, HispanicD. African; American, Asian, Arabian, Hispanic15. In nuclear-family culture, people rely mainly on ______, ______,________for help, while in extended-family culture, people relymainly on ________for help. CA. families, friends, professionals; familiesB. families, friends, professionals; institutionsC. friends, professionals, institutions; familiesD. friends, families, institutions; professionals16. In nuclear-family culture, ______ usually comes first, while inextended-family culture, _______ usually comes first. BA. family; individualB. individual; familyC. husband; wifeD. wife; husband17.When it comes to friendship, an American friend would feel thatthey had _______ if the friend gave up a real need to study to go shopping. One’s duties and obligations toward friends, even best friends are understood to ______; one does not expect friends to assume burdensome, ______ responsibilities toward oneself. A close friend in the US is a person that one feels free to ask for help, recognizing, however, that the friend may _____, if they give you a reason. This is maybe that in the West, people prefer to be ______, so they do not feel comfortable in a relationship in which one person is ______ more and the other is dependent on what is being given. For Westerners friendship is mostly a matter of providing ______ support and ______. BA. depended too much; limitless; small; say “OK”; dependent;receiving; material; get separateB. imposed too much; have limits; long-term; say “No”;independent; giving; emotional; spend time together.C. imposed too little; have limits; short-term; say “Yes”; free;earning; financial; get involvedD. depended a little; limitless; big; say “Sorry”; independent;giving; spiritual; get together.18. In China, the duties and obligations of friendships seem virtually________ for all practical purposes. Chinese friends give each other much ________ ________help and assistance than Western friends do. For example, they give each other _______ and might help each other _______for a _______period of time. A friend in China is someone who, sensing that you are in need in some way, offers to assist you _________.CA. impossible; more spiritual; things; practically; short; whenbeing askedB. enormous; less spiritual; money; financially; long; unwillinglyC. unlimited; more concrete; money; financially; long; withoutwaiting to be askedD. limited; more concrete; things; materially; certain; if required19. In times of trouble, both American and Chinese fr iends give eachother emotional support, but they do it differently. A Chinesefriend is more likely to be ________ to give _______ advice to afriend, while an American friend will be ________ to give________ advice, instead she may raise questions to en courageher friend to consider carefully what may happen if she does onething instead of another. CA. cautious; detailed; ready; specificB. ready; ambiguous; cautious; guidelineC. ready; specific; cautious; directD. unwilling; direct; ready; specific20. When it comes to the relationship b etween parents and marriedsons, in China, a man’s relationship with his parents is _______than that with his wife. Thus in the event of any quarrel betweenhis wife and his mother, a man should ____________. At most hemight hope to __________, and this was regarded as ________.In America, a man’s relationship with his parents is _______than that with his wife. He would be expected to______________. He might even be counseled to_______________ the vicinity of his parents’home to ease theconflict. DA. more important; side with his mother; side with his father;honorable; more important; side with no one; move intoB. less important; side with no one; say something; honorable; lessimportant; side with his father; get away fromC. less important; side with his wife; remain silent; dishonorable;more important; side with his wife; move intoD. more important; side with his mother; remain neutral;dishonorable; less important; side with his wife; move awayⅢ. True or false:1.Generally speaking, China is an equal society, America is ahierarchy society. ( F )2.Generally speaking, in Chinese society, the power distance issmall, while in America, the power distance is large. ( F )3.Both the Asian and Western countries have the concept of “face”,and “face” has the same social significance for these countries inthat one’s face is also the face of one’s group.( F )4.The dividing worldview relies strongly on “facts” as opposed to“opinions”. ( T )5. A very rough generalization is that thinking for the Greek is tolook upward, for the Hindu is to look inward, for the Confuciansis to look outward. (F )6.Values are explicitly stored in our mind. We are always aware ofthem, and we make judgments according to them. (F )7.Values are separate from each other. Each one work alone. ( F )8.Values can be compared on a continuum rather than one of onlytwo possible choices. People everywhere possess the samevalues to different degrees, and the importance of that commonvalue, how it gets acted out, is a matter of degree. ( T)9.“Lover” and “爱人”have the same meaning. ( F )10.I n both China and Western countries, it is very common andusual for adults to fondle other people’s babies and very smallchildren to show their affection and friendliness. ( F )Ⅳ.Translation:1.Translate the following English into Chinese:1)Nature and Man are blended into one harmonious identity.天人合一2)Nature affects human affairs and human behavior finds responsein Nature. 天人感应3)Nature accords with human wishes. 天从人愿4)Your character will be tinted “red”(good) if you are in thecompany of “redness”, but “black”(bad) if you are in closecontact with ink. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑5)God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者6)Look before you leap. 三思而后行7) A single arrow is easily broken, but not a bunch.轻霜冻死单根草，狂风难毁万木林He who stirs another’s porridge often burns his own. 狗拿耗子，多管闲事8)2.Translate the following Chinese into English:1)容忍tolerance of others2)中庸之道moderation, following the middle way3)修养self-cultivation4)不重竞争non-competitiveness5)信用trust-worthiness6)贞节chastity in women7)寡欲having few desires服从、孝敬、尊崇、赡养父母filial piety8)Ⅴ. Tell the meaning of the following gestures in differentcountries:Gesture 1 Gesture 2 Gesture 31.In the US, England, Sweden it is used together with the verbal message“Let’s keep our fingers crossed”to mean that _ the person is hoping forgood luck______________. In Greece and Turkey it means the breaking ofa friendship ________________. In parts of Italy it means _ OK _____.2.In the US it means Great, perfect, acceptable, OK_______________. InBelgium and France, it means _ zero_____. In Brazil, Turkey, Greece andMalta it has _ an obscene _____ meaning. In Japan it means ___ money_______. In Tunisia, it is used ___ as threat _______.3.It means ____ Slow down”, “relax” or “wait a second ________________.Test Paper 2下列各题请参阅了所指定的课本内容后，用中文回答，可翻译课本的内容作为答案。

《跨文化交际》考试试题(附答案)

《跨文化交际》试题（附答案）Paper 1 Communication AnalysisThe following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding.Question 1Case 1:Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Baines, who has no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are having dinner in a restaurant.Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of China's most famous dishes. You'll love it!Luke: No, thanks. I don't like duck. I prefer chicken.Question 2Case 2:Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at a British university for some months. It has not been totally successful. They are discussing the situation in the laboratory.Feng Li: I don't know where it went wrong!Tom, Don't feel so bad. Cheer up, you've done your job.Feng Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure.Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I'll face the music.Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing children's games here. This is a scientific experiment.Tom, I've never taken the experiment as child’ s play, and I'm playing the game.Feng Li: You say you're playing the game! It's a rather important experiment!Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.Question 3Case 3:This is a more complex situation where there are several things that require more informed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problems and explain the cultural differences. Jim and Li Zhen were students together at Leeds University in Britain. A year later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year’s exchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classical piano concert performed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were talking and at one stage someone ran up onto the stage and presented the pianist with a bunch of flowers during the playing of a particular musical item. This happened several times during the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stage singing some songs that he was playing. Jim thought all these things quite strange. At the end of the performance the audience applauded the pianist and he applauded them. The audience began to leave while the pianist remained on the stage.Paper 2 VocabularyChoose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill the gap in each of the sentences. Write the correct words in the spaces provided in your answer sheet. Do not change the forms of the4. After twenty five years working in the bank she decided on a different .5. Finally, after arguing about the meal for five minutes it was decided he would .6. Despite the circumstances of the accident there were still some that needed explanation.7. There are many different used when talking about people's relationships in China.8. "Mike! Meet Jane, the ."9. "Ok, the argument is over. Let's forget it, you know."10. People in English speaking countries also avoid losing face or hurting other people by telling .11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture, especially the system of which all members of the group are expected to join in.12. It was a crushing blow to her, a hit when she received thenews that her husband had left her for another woman.13. In China there is a real sense of in social situations. Paper 3 TranslationTranslate the following passage from English into Chinese. Please write your translation on the answer sheet.What do we mean by "Intercultural Communications" or "IC"? This is not a description of the popular trend toward talking about international things or going overseas. IC is actually an academic and applied discipline that has developed internationally since the 1950s. Sometimes called "cross-cultural communications" or "comparative culture" , scholars most often use the prefix "inter" with the word "cultural" to describe the interaction between cultures. On one level, IC is represented by culture studies, where we examine the political, economic and lifestyle systems of other countries. On another level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek to understand the relationship between language and culture. Many Chinese English teachers and professors have been interested in this aspect since the 1980s - How to teach English in ways that help students also learn the basic communication practices of Britain, the US or other English speaking countries.But the discipline of Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well-developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinary application of fields like cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, applied linguistics and educational pedagogy. IC is a comprehensive attempt to understand all aspects of human cultures and how they interact with each other.To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek to understand tradition and modernization, consistency and change. As we understand some of the ongoing national characteristics of a people, we can examine how this culture is seen from the outside, how it interacts with other cultures and how it is changing. In the last thirty odd years, scholars have developed both theoretical framework for comparing cultures and some practical dimensions for considering the similarity and differences between them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Another level of comparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving much attention is Nonverbal Communication. Paper 4 ReadingPassage 1 Questions 15-20In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexist bias in the English language. It has been argued that some of the vocabulary and grammar we use reflects and reinforces a traditional view of the world asone in which men are dominant and women play a secondary role. Take the word 'chairman' for example. While this can in fact apply to people of both sexes, it appears to some people to be male-oriented as it ends in 'man'. In the past people taking the role of chairman were exclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compound of 'chair' and 'man'. Many English speakers, however, have ceased to view this word as a compound and no more feel it to be composed of these two units, than they perceive cupboard to be a composite of ' cup' and ' board'. In addition the continued use of chairman might be defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /m'n/ rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite such considerations other speakers take a contrary view and are sensitive to the components of which it is made up. They clearly perceive it as a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about the place of women in society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral terms such as 'chairperson' or 'chair', so that it is now possible to ask questions such as; 'Who is chair of the committee?' Other changes advocated include the replacement of words such as 'postman', 'fireman' and 'policeman' with more clearly neutral terms such as 'postal worker', fire-fighter' and 'police officer’. There is, however, continuing controversy about how far such language changes should go. Should changes be considered for traditional idioms as 'man in the street' and titles such as 'Peking Man'? What about those words where the male meaning of 'man' is no longer dominant, such as 'manhandle'?To the extent that changes have taken place, they have done so more in the written language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would be quite likely to read in the paper that 'Postal workers are to receive a pay increase.' But 'Has the postman been?' would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation. Here 'postman’ remains firmly entrenched in popular usage.The extent to which language reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is a matter of conjecture. Chinese, Japanese, Persian and Turkish do not make the kinds of sex distinctions English makes through its system of pronouns, but it would be difficult to maintain that males who speak these languages are less sexist than males who speak English! Answer the following questions according to the above text:15. The general use of the word 'man' added to English words indicates .A. sexual feelingsB. sexual freedomC. sexist ideasD. sexist bias .16. Generally where language and sex are concerned in Britain .A. all people agree change is neededB. some people agree change is neededC. people can't make up their minds on the issueD. people think the issue is unimportant and not serious17. What example does the author give to support a defense of the word 'chairman'?18. What does the author argue for when the example 'manhandle' is given?19. What does the author have to say about the impact of language changes?20. What is the author's argument in the final paragraph?Passage 2 Questions 21-27Can Computers Do a Better Job Rating Stocks?Since May, Charles Schwab has been providing stock ratings to clients using a computerized system that it says tries to remove human bias.In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid the conflicts of interest that have plagued traditional brokerage firms, whose research analysts have often acted as cheerleaders for companies being courted by their investment bankers."We believe that our single biggest advantage is our objectivity," said Jerry Chafkin, Schwab's executive vice president for investment advice and products. " While the development of the methodology is human, the analysis is being performed systematically and automatically.Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company to use a computer-driven rating system, several others, including Value Line and Zacks Investment Research, pick stocks in a similar way.The various systems produce very different ratings of individual stocks, and their ability to outperform a market index fund over time has not been proved conclusively. The verdict is still out as to whether computers do it better than people. What is clear, though, is that the major computerized systems hand out fewer positive stock ratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them out very generously.People who run computerized selection systems criticize traditional Wall Street analysis as having institutional conflicts of interest, as well as individual bias. "I am very suspicious about opinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individual stock selection," said Samuel Eisenstadt, Value Line's research director.However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely on the selection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factors that their developers believe have the greatest ability to predict share prices. Most models compare a company9s historical earnings growth with that of other companies. And many track the extent to which earnings havesurprised analysts.Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems as marketing tools.The designers of these systems say they should be judged on how a group of stocks performs over time. But all the systems assume, as do stock analysts on Wall Street, that superior research, by humans, and analysis can select a group of stocks that will outperform the market averages over the long run.Market analysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwab system or new models, like Microsoft's year-old Stock-ScouterMark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG) according to the information provided in the text.Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provided for questions.21. Charles Schwab is a computer company.22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically.23. 'Value Line' and 'Zacks' have similar operating methods to Schwab.24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better than humans.25. Wall Street analysts are generous in rating stocks.26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of 'Value Line'.27. Analysts are surprised at the growth rate of share prices.答案及评分标准Paper 1: Communication Analysis●The following points should be covered in the analysis.●Award one point for each of the points covered (underlined). Paper 2: Vocabulary●One point for each item.●Answers must be the same as the key.4. vocation5. foot the bill6. grey areas7. kin terms8. trouble and strife 9. live and let live10. white lies 11. buying a round12. below the belt 13. communityPaper 3: Translation14.“跨文化交际”或“IC”是指什么呢?这并不是对于谈论国际事务或出国大潮的描述。

2005-2006学年秋季学期跨文化交际导论期末试题(A卷)

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or native language.
elevator may stand right next to another person and be touching even though no one else is in the elevator.
8. In an ______ culture, the interest of the individual prevails over the interests of the group. 订
3. Human perception is usually thought of as a three-step process of ________, organization, and

restaurant while she was inside. Other diners at the restaurant became concerned and called New
l. Ramadan m. Intercultural communication n. Individualist
o. Pidgin
p. Chicano
q. Ethnocentrism
r. Adaptation potential s. Back translation
t. Nonverbal communication
院系年级专业姓名学号考试课程
黑龙江大学 2005-2006 学年秋季学期跨文化交际导论期末试题
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2005-2006 学年秋季学期跨文化交际导论期末试题（A 卷）
10. A _____ resembles a culture in that it usually encompasses a relatively large number of people

《跨文化交际》试题(附答案)

《跨文化交际》试题（附答案）Paper 1 Communication AnalysisThe following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding.Question 1Case 1:Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Baines, who has no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are having dinner in a restaurant.Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of China's most famous dishes. You'll love it!Luke: No, thanks. I don't like duck. I prefer chicken.Question 2Case 2:Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at a British university for some months. It has not been totally successful. They are discussing the situation in the laboratory.Feng Li: I don't know where it went wrong!Tom, Don't feel so bad. Cheer up, you've done your job.Feng Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure.Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I'll face the music.Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing children's games here. This is a scientific experiment.Tom, I've never taken the experiment as child’ s play, and I'm playing the game.Feng Li: You say you're playing the game! It's a rather important experiment!Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.Question 3Case 3:This is a more complex situation where there are several things that require more informed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problems and explain the cultural differences. Jim and Li Zhen were students together at Leeds University in Britain. A year later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year’s exchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classical pianoconcert performed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were talking and at one stage someone ran up onto the stage and presented the pianist with a bunch of flowers during the playing of a particular musical item. This happened several times during the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stage singing some songs that he was playing. Jim thought all these things quite strange. At the end of the performance the audience applauded the pianist and he applauded them. The audience began to leave while the pianist remained on the stage.Paper 2 VocabularyChoose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill the gap in each of the sentences. Write the correct words in the spaces provided in your answer sheet. Do not change the forms of the4. After twenty five years working in the bank she decided on a different .5. Finally, after arguing about the meal for five minutes it was decided he would .6. Despite the circumstances of the accident there were still some that needed explanation.7. There are many different used when talking about people's relationships in China.8. "Mike! Meet Jane, the ."9. "Ok, the argument is over. Let's forget it, you know."10. People in English speaking countries also avoid losing face or hurting other people by telling .11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture, especially the system of which all members of the group are expected to join in.12. It was a crushing blow to her, a hit when she received the news that her husband had left her for another woman.13. In China there is a real sense of in social situations. Paper 3 TranslationTranslate the following passage from English into Chinese. Please write your translation on the answer sheet.What do we mean by "Intercultural Communications" or "IC"? This is not a description of the popular trend toward talking about international things or going overseas. IC is actually an academic and applied discipline that has developed internationally since the 1950s. Sometimes called "cross-cultural communications" or "comparative culture" , scholars most often use the prefix "inter" with the word "cultural" to describe the interaction between cultures. On one level, IC is represented by culture studies, where we examine the political, economic and lifestyle systems of other countries. On another level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek to understand the relationship between language and culture. Many Chinese English teachers and professors have been interested in this aspect since the 1980s - How to teach English in ways that help students also learn the basic communication practices of Britain, the US or other English speaking countries.But the discipline of Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well-developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinary application of fields like cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, applied linguistics and educational pedagogy. IC is a comprehensive attempt to understand all aspects of human cultures and how they interact with each other.To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek to understand tradition and modernization, consistency and change. As we understand some of the ongoing national characteristics of a people, we can examine how this culture is seen from the outside, how it interacts with other cultures and how it is changing. In the last thirty odd years, scholars have developed both theoretical framework for comparing cultures and some practical dimensions for considering the similarity and differences between them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Another level of comparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving much attention is Nonverbal Communication. Paper 4 ReadingPassage 1 Questions 15-20In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexist bias in the English language. It has been argued that some of the vocabulary and grammar we use reflects and reinforces a traditional view of the world as one in which men are dominant and women play a secondary role. Takethe word 'chairman' for example. While this can in fact apply to people of both sexes, it appears to some people to be male-oriented as it ends in 'man'. In the past people taking the role of chairman were exclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compound of 'chair' and 'man'. Many English speakers, however, have ceased to view this word as a compound and no more feel it to be composed of these two units, than they perceive cupboard to be a composite of ' cup' and ' board'. In addition the continued use of chairman might be defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /m'n/ rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite such considerations other speakers take a contrary view and are sensitive to the components of which it is made up. They clearly perceive it as a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about the place of women in society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral terms such as 'chairperson' or 'chair', so that it is now possible to ask questions such as; 'Who is chair of the committee?' Other changes advocated include the replacement of words such as 'postman', 'fireman' and 'policeman' with more clearly neutral terms such as 'postal worker', fire-fighter' and 'police officer’. There is, however, continuing controversy about how far such language changes should go. Should changes be considered for traditional idioms as 'man in the street' and titles such as 'Peking Man'? What about those words where the male meaning of 'man' is no longer dominant, such as 'manhandle'?To the extent that changes have taken place, they have done so more in the written language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would be quite likely to read in the paper that 'Postal workers are to receive a pay increase.' But 'Has the postman been?' would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation. Here 'postma n’ remains firmly entrenched in popular usage.The extent to which language reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is a matter of conjecture. Chinese, Japanese, Persian and Turkish do not make the kinds of sex distinctions English makes through its system of pronouns, but it would be difficult to maintain that males who speak these languages are less sexist than males who speak English! Answer the following questions according to the above text:15. The general use of the word 'man' added to English words indicates .A. sexual feelingsB. sexual freedomC. sexist ideasD. sexist bias .16. Generally where language and sex are concerned in Britain .A. all people agree change is neededB. some people agree change is neededC. people can't make up their minds on the issueD. people think the issue is unimportant and not serious17. What example does the author give to support a defense of the word 'chairman'?18. What does the author argue for when the example 'manhandle' is given?19. What does the author have to say about the impact of language changes?20. What is the author's argument in the final paragraph?Passage 2 Questions 21-27Can Computers Do a Better Job Rating Stocks?Since May, Charles Schwab has been providing stock ratings to clients using a computerized system that it says tries to remove human bias.In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid the conflicts of interest that have plagued traditional brokerage firms, whose research analysts have often acted as cheerleaders for companies being courted by their investment bankers."We believe that our single biggest advantage is our objectivity," said Jerry Chafkin, Schwab's executive vice president for investment advice and products. " While the development of the methodology is human, the analysis is being performed systematically and automatically.Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company to use a computer-driven rating system, several others, including Value Line and Zacks Investment Research, pick stocks in a similar way.The various systems produce very different ratings of individual stocks, and their ability to outperform a market index fund over time has not been proved conclusively. The verdict is still out as to whether computers do it better than people. What is clear, though, is that the major computerized systems hand out fewer positive stock ratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them out very generously.People who run computerized selection systems criticize traditional Wall Street analysis as having institutional conflicts of interest, as well as individual bias. "I am very suspicious about opinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individual stock selection," said Samuel Eisenstadt, Value Line's research director.However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely on the selection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factors that their developers believe have the greatest ability to predict share prices. Most models compare a company9s historical earnings growth with that of other companies. And many track the extent to which earnings have surprised analysts.Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems as marketing tools.The designers of these systems say they should be judged on how a group of stocks performs over time. But all the systems assume, as do stock analysts on Wall Street, that superior research, by humans, and analysis can select a group of stocks that will outperform the market averages over the long run.Market analysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwab system or new models, like Microsoft's year-old Stock-ScouterMark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG) according to the information provided in the text.Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provided for questions.21. Charles Schwab is a computer company.22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically.23. 'Value Line' and 'Zacks' have similar operating methods to Schwab.24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better than humans.25. Wall Street analysts are generous in rating stocks.26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of 'Value Line'.27. Analysts are surprised at the growth rate of share prices.答案及评分标准Paper 1: Communication Analysis●The following points should be covered in the analysis.●Award one point for each of the points covered (underlined). Paper 2: Vocabulary●One point for each item.●Answers must be the same as the key.4. vocation5. foot the bill6. grey areas7. kin terms8. trouble and strife 9. live and let live10. white lies 11. buying a round12. below the belt 13. communityPaper 3: Translation14.“跨文化交际”或“IC”是指什么呢?这并不是对于谈论国际事务或出国大潮的描述。

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中央广播电视大学2003--2004学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试英语专业跨文化交际试题注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。

考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。

试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。

二、仔细阅读题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。

答案一定要写在答题纸指定的位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。

三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。

Information for the Examinees：This examination consists of FOUR sections．These are：Section I：Listening(20 points，30 minutes)Section II：Language Appropriacy and Accuracy(30 points，20minutes)SectionⅢ：Reading Comprehension(20 points，30 minutes)Section lV：Communication Analysis(30 points，40 minutes)The total marks for this examination are 100 points．Timeallowed for competing this examination is 2 hours(1 20 minutes)allowed for completing this examination is hours (120 minutes)．Section I：Listening [20 points]You are going to listen to an interview．Then choose the best answer from A，B，C and D to answer each question．Write your answers on the Answer Sheet．1．Concerning the issue of maternity，what ideas prevail among Chinese women?A．The modern concept．B．The traditional concept．C．The responsibility to the society．’D．The responsibility to the family．2．According to the passage，raising children——．A．is an unbearable burden to womenB．is a significant part of a woman’s lifeC．is the permanent task of womenD is the task 0f both a man and a woman3．Giving birth ．A．brings great pleasure to womenB．differs men from women physically and spirituallyC．makes the women’s life completeD．all the above4．Those oppose giving birth think that ．A．giving birth is something rather primitiveB．women do not need to follow their mothers’ideasC．they are not educated and influenced to live with maternityD．giving birth is necessary for women5．According to the passage，which statement is true9．A．City dwellers have children to take care of them when they get old．B．Rural dwellers have children to give them emotional comfort．C．City dwellers have children to give them emotional comfort．D．Rural dwellers have children only to ensure the bloodline．Part 2：Questions 6—15 are based on this part．(10 points)You are going to listen to a lecture on celebrating diversity．As you listen，fill in the blanks to complete Sentences 6—1 5．Note：Only one word is necessary for each blank．6．Diversity——our lives．7．Cultural diversity brings together the resources and talents of many people for thebenefit of all．8．Yet consider how——life would be if we all looked alike，thought alike，and acted alike! 9．Together we can overcome and intolerance and work towards a more peaceful and productive world．10．People may fear diversity simply because they are to the way things used to beand change makes t hem uncomfortable．11．Others may somehow feel ．because they perceive increased participation by traditionally underrepresented groups in the workplace．12．Education universalizes the human ．13．The word university is to this idea．14．I believe that the is also true：if you lose a language，you lose a world．15．We can cross and feel comfortable in other worlds．This is the end of the Listening TestSectionⅡ：Language Appropriacy and Accuracy [30 points]Instructions：There are altogether 1 5 statements below．You are offered four choices marked with A，B，C，and D for each statement．Choose the most appropriate one and write it on the Answer Sheet．．16. Maybe it's asking too much 0f you to follow the idea of‘love me love my dog’，but atleast you should tolerate my love for jazz．A．10ve my dog as much as loving meB．10ve everything about me because you love meC．tolerate my love for jazz music like your tolerating my dogD．10ve jazz music the same as you love my dog17．What a fabulous car—I’m very jealous．A．red with envyB．blue with envyC．green with envyD．white with envy18．As a man with plenty of guts , he is the person who is expected to bring success to this company which is on the verge of bankruptcy．A．the great white hopeB．the great red hopeC．the great green hopeD．the great black hope1 9．He is always shooting his mouth off about how many VIPs he knows．A．boastingB．imagingC．telling 1ies aboutD．denying20．I’m not surprised at the downfall of the President because of the promises he made before he came into office turned out to be plans that are unlikely to be fulfilled．A．Dutch courageB．fl piece of cakeC．the salt of the earthD．castles in the air21．These days Mr.．Smith looks anxious and restless．What happened?I heard his wife was in the family way this month．A．badly sickB．deadC．dyingD．pregnant22．“Well，”said the Master，“if you won’t listen to what I say，I refuse to be responsible for you and your examination chances．A．zip my lips ofB．wash hands ofC．1ick my boots ofD．sit at my feet of23．She is always hiding her light under a bushel when it comes to giving US her ideas．A．keeping ideas to herselfB．1eaving the office with her ideasC．telling everyone her bright ideasD．agreeing with others ’ideas24．It’s not easy to organize such a party，as everyone has his own likes and dislikes．A．every dog has his dayB．every tide has its ebbC．a clear conscience is a sure cardD．one man’s meat is another’s poison．25．When Greeks meet，then comes the tug of war．A．If too many people try to do, the same thing at the same time，chaos will reign．B．Empty—headed persons are always the most talkative and noisy．C．There must be something better after every piece of unpleasantness．D．When two adversaries are of equal strength of character，the contest of wills is certain to be long and hard—fought．26．Which of the following statements are true of collectivist culture?A．Disclosure of private feeling is distasteful．B．People are suspicious of outsiders．C．Uniformity is not highly thought of．D．There is a positive attitude about words of disagreement．27．I can’t stand listening to jazz．It’s just ．A．a storm in a tea cupB．not my cup of teaC．not for all the tea in ChinaD．a cuppa28．Which one in the following expressions is Not True?A．as wise as a fox．‘B．as happy as a lark．C．as strong as a horse．D．as stupid as a goose．29．Xiao wang was trying his best to explain the Chinese proverb “驴唇不对马嘴” to hisAmerican friend Bob．What he means is ．A．the donkey’s lip is not suitable to the horse’s mouthB．1eft right outC．out of left fieldD．1eft way out30．The‘ring’gesture is an insult in ．A．FranceB．the U．S．A．C．South AmericaD．TunisiaSectionⅢ：Reading Comprehension [20 points]Part 1：Questions 3 1—35 are based on this part．(10 points)Read Passage 1 and then answer Questions 3 1——35 briefly．Write your answers on the Answer Sheet．Passage 1Proxemics is the Study of what governs how closely one person stands to another．People who feel close will be close，though the actual distances will vary between cultures．For Americans we can discern four main categories of distance：intimate，personal，socialand public．Intimate distance ranges from direct Contact to about 45 centimeters．Beyond this comes personal stance．．This stands at between 45 and 80 Centimeters·It is the most usual distance maintained for conversations between friends and relatives。

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