高考状语从句讲解

状语从句时间状语从句：when , whenever , as , while, before , after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as, every time, the moment, instantly, directly地点状语从句：where , wherever原因状语从句：as, because, since, seeing(that) , considering (that) , now that , n ot that…but that 目的状语从句：that , so that , in order that , lest , for fear that , in case结果状语从句：that , so … that , such … that条件状语从句：if , unless , suppose , supposing ,so/as long as, so far as, on condition(that ) ,provided ( that )让步状语从句：though , although , no matter , even if , even though , however , whatever比较状语从句：than , as方式状语从句as, as if, as though一、时间状语从句1、when, while, as 和wheneverwhen 表时间点，时间段while 表时间段；有“而”的意思as “当……”,“一边……一边”，“随着……”whenever 每当，无论什么时候It is cold when it snows.While there is life, there is hope.While we were speaking, he was reading newspaper.Just as Mrs Richards was entering the dinning-room, there was a knock on the front door.As we age, we trade strength for ingenuity, speed for thoroughness, and passion for reason.随着年龄的增长，我们用力量换来了机敏，以速度换来了严谨，以热情换来了理智。

注：1)when还可作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。

常用于下列句式：sb.was doing sth.when...某人正在干某事就在这时……sb.was about to/ going to do sth.when...某人正打算干某事就在这时……sb.body has just done sth.when...某人刚干了某事就在这时……2)如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when，while 与as可互换使用。

如：When/While/As I was walking down the street，I came across an old friend of mine.2、before/ afterIt will be five years before we meet again.五年之后我们才能见面。

After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.After her husband had gone to work, she sent her children to school.3、until, till, not...until1)肯定句：主句的谓语是延续性动词，主从句均为肯定式，意为“某动作一直持续到某时间点才停止”Please wait until I come back.等我回来。

2)否定句：主句的谓语是非延续性动作，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作一直到时间点才开始”He won’t go to bed till/until she returns.3)Till不可以用在句首，而until可以Until you told me I had no idea of it.4）not…until句型中的强调和倒装用法It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea if it.4、since从句谓语动词多用于一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态She has been working in this factory since she left school.I have written to Alice four times since I came here.It is +一段时间+since从句的句型中，时间计算一律从since从句动作完成或状态结束时算起It is three years since the war broke out. 战争爆发以来，有三年了。

It is three years since she was in our class.她离开我们班有三年了。

5、as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment/ minute/ instant/ secondno sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…,“一……就”once(一旦)The moment I heard the voice, I know father was coming.Directly I had done it, I knew I hold made a mistake.The instant he saw me, he ran away.I had hardly got home when it began to rain.hardly/no sooner主句用过去完成时，when/than引导的从句用一般过去时，固定结构No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.6、by the time到……时候；到……之前(从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时)each/every time和the next timeBy the time I got outside, the bus had already left.Each time she came, Jane brought me a nice book.二、地点状语从句where或wherever/ anywhere/ everywhere1.Stay where you are.2.The photo of mine was taken where stood the famous high tower.3.Wherever you go, you can see new factories and stories.4.Everywhere you go, you will find the same thing.5.Where there is a will, there is a way.6.Plants will grow almost anywhere there is plenty of air, water and sunlight.判断：You’d better make a mark where you have questions.You’d better make a mark at the place where you have questions.三、原因状语从句because/as由于/for/since既然/now that/seeing that/considering that…1）because强调原因，是句子较重要的部分，在很多情况下，不能用since，for等替代。

Henry didn’t go to the office bec ause it was raining.He resigned partly because he was old and partly because he was bored with the work.I didn’t help, not because I was unwilling, but because I was unable to do it.2）as和since所提出的原因是已知的，或是句中不重要的部分，since较as稍正式一些As his fat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own.Since you don’t trust him, you should not employ him.3）for，一种补充说明，而且for引导的句子不能放在句首，for是并列连词He seldom goes out now, for he is very old.4）not that…but that...“不是因为……而是因为……”It’s not that I’m dissatisfied, but that I have my ow n business to attend to.5) in that多出现主句之后；seeing that因为，鉴于；considering that因为，考虑到I like this place, but I like my hometown better in that I have more friends there.Seeing that/ since he was there, he may have seen her.That is excusable considering/ seeing (that) he is so young四、条状语从句1）真实条件从句：属性，习惯，推测，对未来的预测If you heat ice, it melts.If he is in London, he is undoubtedly staying at this hotel.If businessmen want to borrow money, they go to see their bank managers.If he breaks his p romise, she’ll never speak to him again.2) 非真实条件句：虚拟语气3）if only引导状语从句，要用虚拟语气，“但愿，要……就好了”If only I had more money, I could buy a car. (对现在情况表示遗憾)If only I had known it, I wouldn’t have troubled him. (对过去情况表示遗憾)only if 只有，用陈述语气You’ll succeed only if you put all your heart into it.4) provided/ providing （that）“在……条件下”，“要是”，“以……为条件”on condition (that)under the condition (that)suppose/ supposing (that)“假定”，主句多是疑问句granted/ granting (that) “假定…….”，“就算是”，有浓厚的让步意义，可意为“姑且”given that…“假设”主要强调以假定的方式提出前提条件。