山东省临沂实验学校2020年高考英语模拟卷(八)

山东省临沂实验学校2020年高考英语模拟卷（八）（考试时间：100 分钟）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

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第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AThe latest diet trend in America is also an ancient human activity. The activity is fasting, or not eating food for a set amount of time.Social media apps and Facebook groups are appearing for people who do “intermittent fasting,” or fasting on a part-time basis. Like other diets, intermittent fasting helps you lose weight by setting limits on eating. But instead of limiting what you eat, it limits when you eat.Melissa Breaux Bankston is a Crossfit instructor in New Orleans, Louisiana. She tried intermittent fasting as a way to reduce her snacking. “I wanted to limit the amount of time that I was eating,” she said.However, for now, limited research suggests it may not be any better for weight loss than reducing calorie intake over the long term.“It’s really another way of fooling your body into eating less calories,” said Krista Varady, who studies intermittent fasting at the University of Illinois at Chicago.Courtney Peterson, of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, also studies intermittent fasting. She suggested the benefits of intermittent fasting are not as great as some might suggest. “Unfortunately, intermittent fasting gets a little hyped,” she said.Some health experts say intermittent fasting might be too difficult for many people. They point to a study of 100 people where those placed in a fasting group lost about the same amount of weight as those on diets that restricted calories. The fasting group had a dropout rate of 38 percent, compared with 29 percent for the caloric-restriction diet group.But intermittent fasting may be easier for people who already skip meals when they are too busy, said Varady. People interested in intermittent fasting should talk to their doctor before trying it. Health experts do not recommend intermittent fasting for children, people on some medications and people with a history of eating disorders.1.What do intermittent fasting and other diets havein common? A. They limit what you eat. B. Theylimit when you eat.C. They help people lose weight.D. They are on a part-time basis.2.What does the underlined word “h yped” in paragraph 6 mean?A. Ignored.B. Overstated.C. Welcomed.D. Rejected.3.Which statement is right according to the passage?A. Intermittent fasting is very effective.B. Intermittent fasting is difficult for all people.C. People can try intermittent fasting as they like.D. All people are not advised to do intermittent fasting.BIt began as a game: High school and college students studying computer technology figured out they could use personal computers to break into telephone company computers and make free, long-distance telephone calls. These young computer talents soon gained the name "hackers".Police arrested a few hackers, but many went on to even more complex hacking. One of them was arrested for making illegal telephone calls and later he used a phone to change a police officer's credit records to get back at the officer for arresting him. He also used a computer to change his college records to give himself better grades.As hackers gained experience, they began invading computers at banks, airlines and other businesses. In one case a hacker instructed an airline' s computer to give him free airplane tickets.The U.S. government is worried that hackers may break into its networks of defense computers. The government's secrets are easily attacked because thousands of government computers are connected by telephone lines that hackers can get into.In November 1988, a college student entered a U.S. Defense Department computer network called Arpanet. The hacker injected a computer program that made copies of itself throughout Arpanet. Some hackers use viruses to destroy all the data in a computer. But in this case, government officials shut down the network before the program reached every computer in the system. Shutting down the system angered many researchers who were using the computers. The hacker turned himself in to the police and he was charged with a crime.The incident put the spotlight on computer hacking in the United States. Many companies have hired experts to protect their computers from hackers, and many computer experts now advise companies on how to protect their computers.The U.S. government believes foreign governments have hired hackers to try to break into top-secret defense computers.Experts disagree over whether a computer network can ever be safe from hacking. But in the future, some of the most outstanding minds in the U.S. will be working to frustrate the attempts of computer hackers.4. What did the first hackers do?A. They broke into government computers.B. They destroyed airplaneticket systems. C. They played computer games. D. They made free phonecalls.5. Why can U.S. government computers be easily hacked into?A. They have no defense systems.B. They are connected by telephone lines.C. They are partly accessible to the public.D. They lack complex processing programs.6. What happened to the government computers inNovember 1988? A. They lost all of the important data.B. They were shut down by researchers.C. They were invaded by a college student.D. They got totally ruined by a computer program.7. What did companies decide to do to protect their computer systems?A. Employ computer talents.B. Build secret defense systems.C. Ask the government for help.D. Collect and analyze the data of hackers.CYour colleague’s sharp comment keeps replaying in your mind. Two of your students are trapped in a “h e said/she said” battle. When you reflect on your emotional reactions, you sometimes get caught up in cycles of negative feelings, which can make you feel even worse. If so, the answer may lie in a skill called “self-distancing”，the ability to take a step back and view yourself more objectively. According to a research, when people adopt self-distancing while discussing a difficult event, they make better sense of their reactions, experience less emotional suffering, and display fewer signs of stress.But what might self-distancing look like in action? Consider a typical “he said/shesaid” student conflict where they are each focusing on their own feelings. One is thinking，“I can’t believe he did that to me.” And another insists,“She really hurt my feelings.”However, if you ask them to take the self-distancing,they might step outside of themselves and ask broader questions: “Why was he so hurt in this situation?” or “How did her anger affect him?” Alt hough this approach may sound too simple to be effective, studies indicate that a change in point of view can have a powerful effect on the way people think, feel, and behave. Here are several different techniques you can try. First，consider how a thoughtful friend might respond after quietly observing their situation. Besides, avoid using the pronoun “I”. Focus on using third-person pronouns, he, she, they, and they were able to see the stressful event as challenging rather than threatening. Finally, ask yourself, “How would I feel about this one week from now or ten years from now?” This form of mental time travel may be effective because our attention is directed away from our immediate, concrete circumstances.8. What is self-distancing?A. Getting stuck in negative emotions.B. A stressful situation.C. A study on relieving emotional stress.D. Reflecting on yourself objectively.9. Paragraph 2 is developed by .A. exampleB. definitionC. classificationD. process10. Which of the following statement uses the techniques ofself-distancing? A. I’m angry with him.B. How I wish I could go back to the past!C. How did these two people get tothis point? D. He grabbed my notes,and then, and then...11. What is the best title forthe passage? A. Why Self-distancing MattersB. The Application of Self-distancingC. Breaking the Cycle of Negative ReflectionD. Ways to Reflect on Emotional ReactionsDPangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals in the world and are facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly (有鳞片的), anteater-like animals, a new wildlife documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation. Partnering with the non-profit organization Pangolin. Africa, the documentary was made available on YouTube in May 2019. The intention is to reach communities wherever the Internet is available, especially African communities, who live near the animal’s habitats. Over two years, the documentary crew traveled to South Africa, Ghana, Central AfricanRepublic and Gabon in search of the four unique species of pangolin, which has never been achieved before. Filmmakers Bruce Young and Johan Vermeulen say that they went into the shoot knowing relatively little about pangolins, but grew to respect and appreciate the animals. Getting close to the creatures over two years was a crash course in these secretive creatures. Johan Vermeulen said, "One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant."Pangolins are hunted illegally across Africa for their scales, which are used for traditional medicine, and their meat. In April 2019, Singaporean customs officials conducted two separate seizures of 24 tons of pangolin scales, which equals to the death of 69,000 pangolins.Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitat,the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.Filmed on location in South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic, and Gabon, this powerful documentary is the story of two men on a mission to get all four species of African pangolin on camera for the very first time.12．What is the purpose of the documentary?A．To study the situation of pangolins.B．To collect fund to protectpangolins. C．To raise awareness ofpangolin protection. D．To proposesetting up pangolin reserves.13．What is the meaning of the underlined word “fussy” inparagraph 2? A．Picky. B．Messy.C．Showy. D．Heavy.14．What’s the documentary mainlyabout? A．The illegal trade ofpangolins.B．The medical function of pangolin'sscales. C．The life of pangolins in theirnatural habitats. D．The efforts ofPangolin, Africa to save pangolins.15．Where is the text most likely from?A．A brochure. B．A diary.C．A novel. D．A magazine.第二节(共5 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分12.5 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。