操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
合集下载
Operating System 操作系统课件 英文版
– Text editor – Compiler – Debugger
Operating-System Design and Implementation (1/2)
• Design goals
– User goals
• Convenient to use, easy to learn and to use, reliable, secure, and safe.
– By saving the parameters in registers – By saving the pointers, indicating where the parameters are, in registers – By using stack
System Calls (7/7)
Operating-System Structure (1/5)
• Simple structure: MS-DOS
Notes: 1.Application programs are able to access the I/O devices 2.No kernel and user modes. 3.Single process.
– Example: Win32 API, POSIX API, Java API
System Calls (4/7)
• Example of Standard API
A description of the parameters passed to ReadFile() HANDLE file—the file to be read LPVOID buffer—a buffer where the data will be read into and written from DWORD bytesToRead—the number of bytes to be read into the buffer LPDWORD bytesRead—the number of bytes read during the last read LPOVERLAPPED ovl—indicates if overlapped I/O is being used
Operating-System Design and Implementation (1/2)
• Design goals
– User goals
• Convenient to use, easy to learn and to use, reliable, secure, and safe.
– By saving the parameters in registers – By saving the pointers, indicating where the parameters are, in registers – By using stack
System Calls (7/7)
Operating-System Structure (1/5)
• Simple structure: MS-DOS
Notes: 1.Application programs are able to access the I/O devices 2.No kernel and user modes. 3.Single process.
– Example: Win32 API, POSIX API, Java API
System Calls (4/7)
• Example of Standard API
A description of the parameters passed to ReadFile() HANDLE file—the file to be read LPVOID buffer—a buffer where the data will be read into and written from DWORD bytesToRead—the number of bytes to be read into the buffer LPDWORD bytesRead—the number of bytes read during the last read LPOVERLAPPED ovl—indicates if overlapped I/O is being used
《操作系统原理》PPT课件
Shared variable: int total : = 0 ;
p0,p1:
{
int count;
for (count=1; count <=50; count++)
total = total + 1 ;
} total可能的结果？ 最大值？最小值？ 注意total是两个进程都可以访问的共享存储单元，不同于一般 程序中的全局变量
Monolithic：内核中所有的子系统运行在相同的特 权级(privileged mode），拥有相同的地址空间，通 信采用常规C函数调用的形式。
5
四、操作系统的硬件支持
▪ 特权级（区分OS与应用程序的权限） ▪ MMU ▪ Cache ▪ 中断
6
五、系统调用
▪ 操作系统提供给应用程序的一个接口，使得应用程序能够获得 操作系统的服务
✓ 一次只能由一个进程访问的资源 临界区(critical section)
✓ 访问临界资源的代码段称为临界区（CS）
13
互斥(mutual exclusion) ✓在一个时刻最多只有一个进程在临界区
同步(synchronization) ✓协调需要访问临界资源的进程，否则会导致race condition （竞争条件） 如：两进程 p0,p1，都通过下面的代码访问一个共享的存储单 元:
进程中的线程共享进程资源，但拥有私有堆栈及线程控制 块(TCB，存储寄存器值、优先级及其他线程状态信息) 核心级线程（KLT：kernel-level thread） ✓ 应用程序通过API调用核心线程管理例程(kernel thread
facility)来管理： 需要进行模式切换
✓ 是OS调度的基本单位 ✓ 线程阻塞不会导致整个进程的阻塞 ✓ 在多处理器环境下，内核可使线程在不同的处理器上
p0,p1:
{
int count;
for (count=1; count <=50; count++)
total = total + 1 ;
} total可能的结果？ 最大值？最小值？ 注意total是两个进程都可以访问的共享存储单元，不同于一般 程序中的全局变量
Monolithic：内核中所有的子系统运行在相同的特 权级(privileged mode），拥有相同的地址空间，通 信采用常规C函数调用的形式。
5
四、操作系统的硬件支持
▪ 特权级（区分OS与应用程序的权限） ▪ MMU ▪ Cache ▪ 中断
6
五、系统调用
▪ 操作系统提供给应用程序的一个接口，使得应用程序能够获得 操作系统的服务
✓ 一次只能由一个进程访问的资源 临界区(critical section)
✓ 访问临界资源的代码段称为临界区（CS）
13
互斥(mutual exclusion) ✓在一个时刻最多只有一个进程在临界区
同步(synchronization) ✓协调需要访问临界资源的进程，否则会导致race condition （竞争条件） 如：两进程 p0,p1，都通过下面的代码访问一个共享的存储单 元:
进程中的线程共享进程资源，但拥有私有堆栈及线程控制 块(TCB，存储寄存器值、优先级及其他线程状态信息) 核心级线程（KLT：kernel-level thread） ✓ 应用程序通过API调用核心线程管理例程(kernel thread
facility)来管理： 需要进行模式切换
✓ 是OS调度的基本单位 ✓ 线程阻塞不会导致整个进程的阻塞 ✓ 在多处理器环境下，内核可使线程在不同的处理器上
操作系统概念(第七版英文版)ch3精品PPT课件
Operating System Concepts - 7th Edition, Feb 7, 2006
3.7
poinቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱer
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2005
CPU Switch From Process to Process
Operating System Concepts - 7th Edition, Feb 7, 2006
3.12
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2005
Schedulers
Long-term scheduler (or job scheduler) – selects which processes should be brought into the ready queue Short-term scheduler (or CPU scheduler) – selects which process should be executed next and allocates CPU
Chapter 3: Processes
Chapter 3: Processes
Process Concept Process Scheduling Operations on Processes Cooperating Processes Interprocess Communication Communication in Client-Server Systems
Operating System Concepts - 7th Edition, Feb 7, 2006
3.10
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2005
操作系统概念(第七版-英文版)ch5ppt课件
Operating System Concepts – 7th Edition, Feb 2, 2005
5.9
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2005
First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) Scheduling
switching context switching to user mode jumping to the proper location in the user program to restart that program Dispatch latency – time it takes for the dispatcher to stop one process and start another running
Operating System Concepts – 7th Edition, Feb 2, 2005
5.2
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2005
Basic Concepts
Maximum CPU utilization obtained with multiprogramming CPU–I/O Burst Cycle – Process execution consists of a cycle of CPU execution and I/O waitபைடு நூலகம்CPU burst distribution
1. Switches from running to waiting state 2. Switches from running to ready state 3. Switches from waiting to ready 4. Terminates Scheduling under 1 and 4 is nonpreemptive All other scheduling is preemptive
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Mainly cover: Protection Security
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Chapter 1: Introduction
What is an Operating System? History of Operating Systems The Operating System Zoo
汤子瀛．计算机操作系统． 西安：西北电子科技大学出版社, 1999,5
胡志刚．计算机操作系统． 长沙：中南大学出版社,2005,8
张尧学．计算机操作系统教程（第二版）． 北京：清华大学出版社, 2000,8
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Lecture Format
Help you understand important and hard OS concepts
operating systems are?
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Process management(4-8)
Mainly introduce methods for: Process scheduling Interprocess communication Process synchronization Deadlock handling Discussion of threads
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
What is an Operating System?
There are a lot of definitions. Do you know?
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Definition from Wikipedia
An operating system (OS) is an interface between hardware and applications; it is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the limited resources of the computer.
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Computer System Components
1. Hardware – provides basic computing resources (CPU, memory, I/O devices).
2. Operating system – controls and coordinates the use of the hardware among the various application programs for the various users.
Operating system purpose:
Provide an environment in which a user can execute programs.
Operating system goals:
Make the computer system convenient to use(Convenience).
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Storage management(9-13)
Mainly deal with: Memory management Virtual memory
I/O systems Mass-storage structure
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Protection and security(18-19)
Lectures do not cover everything
Not all questions in homework or exams are from lectures
Students responsibility
Attend lectures Read textbooks Homework, Experiments, Exam Periodically check web page
成绩评定方法
期末考试成绩占70%，平时成绩占30% 平时成绩包括：作业、实验、课堂、考勤
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Textbook & References
Abraham Silberschatz．Applied Operating System Concepts．Higher Education Press, 2001,5
4. Users (people, machines, other computers)
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
What is an Operating System?
a program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware.
3. Application programs– define the ways in which the system resources are used to solve the computing problems of the users (compilers, database systems, video games, business programs).
Principles of Operating System
操作系统原理
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
About This Course
课程基本情况
课程类别：学科专业课必修课 学时学分：总学时64学时 实验8学时 4学分 先修课程：数据结构、程序设计语言
课程内容
主要讲授操作系统基本原理，即教材第1章至第13章
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)Βιβλιοθήκη Overview(1-3)
Mainly explain: What operating systems are? How operating systems are
designed and constructed? What the common features of an
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Chapter 1: Introduction
What is an Operating System? History of Operating Systems The Operating System Zoo
汤子瀛．计算机操作系统． 西安：西北电子科技大学出版社, 1999,5
胡志刚．计算机操作系统． 长沙：中南大学出版社,2005,8
张尧学．计算机操作系统教程（第二版）． 北京：清华大学出版社, 2000,8
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Lecture Format
Help you understand important and hard OS concepts
operating systems are?
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Process management(4-8)
Mainly introduce methods for: Process scheduling Interprocess communication Process synchronization Deadlock handling Discussion of threads
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
What is an Operating System?
There are a lot of definitions. Do you know?
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Definition from Wikipedia
An operating system (OS) is an interface between hardware and applications; it is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the limited resources of the computer.
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Computer System Components
1. Hardware – provides basic computing resources (CPU, memory, I/O devices).
2. Operating system – controls and coordinates the use of the hardware among the various application programs for the various users.
Operating system purpose:
Provide an environment in which a user can execute programs.
Operating system goals:
Make the computer system convenient to use(Convenience).
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Storage management(9-13)
Mainly deal with: Memory management Virtual memory
I/O systems Mass-storage structure
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Protection and security(18-19)
Lectures do not cover everything
Not all questions in homework or exams are from lectures
Students responsibility
Attend lectures Read textbooks Homework, Experiments, Exam Periodically check web page
成绩评定方法
期末考试成绩占70%，平时成绩占30% 平时成绩包括：作业、实验、课堂、考勤
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
Textbook & References
Abraham Silberschatz．Applied Operating System Concepts．Higher Education Press, 2001,5
4. Users (people, machines, other computers)
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
What is an Operating System?
a program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware.
3. Application programs– define the ways in which the system resources are used to solve the computing problems of the users (compilers, database systems, video games, business programs).
Principles of Operating System
操作系统原理
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)
About This Course
课程基本情况
课程类别：学科专业课必修课 学时学分：总学时64学时 实验8学时 4学分 先修课程：数据结构、程序设计语言
课程内容
主要讲授操作系统基本原理，即教材第1章至第13章
操作系统原理绪论(英文课件)Βιβλιοθήκη Overview(1-3)
Mainly explain: What operating systems are? How operating systems are
designed and constructed? What the common features of an