2020届上海市青浦区高三英语二模试卷及答案(2020.05)
上海市2020年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案
上海市2020年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）考生注意事项：1.答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。
2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AWhy don’t quiet carriages work, and how might they be make to? Quiet carriages on trains are a nice idea: travelers voluntarily make their phones silent, turn stereos off and keep chatter to a minimum. However, in reality, there is usually at least one silly babbler(喋喋不休的人) to break the silence.A couple of problems prevent peaceful trips. First, there is a sorting problem: some passengers end up in the quiet carriage by accident and are not aware of the rules. Second, there is a commitment problem: noise is sometimes made by travelers who choose the quiet carriage but find an important call hard to ignore.The train operators are trying to find answers. Trains in Queensland Australia, are having permanent signs added to show exactly what is expected; a British operator has invested in some technology to prevent phone calls.Microeconomics suggests another approach. Fining people for making a noise would surely dissuade(劝阻) the polluter and is a neat solution in theory, but it requires costly monitoring and enforcement. Another way would be to use prices to separate quiet and noisy passengers－in effect, creating a market for silence. A simple idea would be to sell access to the quiet carriage as an optional extra when the ticket is bought. Making the quiet coach both an active choice and a costly one would dissuade many of those who don’t value a peaceful ride.Charging may also solve the commitment problem. This is particularly tricky, as attitudes to noise canchange during the journey. Some passengers would pay the quiet premium but still chatter away when some vital news arrives. Schemes that reward the silent－a rating system among fellow passengers, for example －could help. The idea is that losing your hard-won reputation offsets the short-term gain from using the phone. But such a system also fails the simplicity test.A 2010 book by George Akerlof and Rachel Kranton argues that “norms”－feelings about how everyone should behave－also play a role in decision-making. Charging a price, even if just a token amount, means the quiet carriage becomes a service that fellow passengers have bought, not just a preference they have expressed. Perhaps different norms would come into play, encouraging calm. If not, a personal bubble is always an option: noise-canceling headphones start at around $50.1. According to the passage, what does microeconomics suggest?A. Finding the source of noise.B. Putting a price on noise.C. Avoid using a phone in the carriage.D. Investing more money in monitoring and enforcement.2. By “a personal bubble is always an option,” the author means ________.A. one can make his own choiceB. one sh ould respect others’ privacyC. one can create his own personal spaceD. one should stick to his personal budget3. This passage is mainly about ________.A. people’s favoured transportationB. effective methods of monitoring noise levelsC. possible solutions to noise in train carriagesD. common forms of misbehavior of passengersBThe great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year’s Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamiz awa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo’s 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, “In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.”Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. “Whe n I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It’s not too late. We will teach you one word a day’ ”. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother’s phone every day. They al so often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. “Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?” Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wa nted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. “I can clearly see her English is getting better. It’s my joy now.”The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.4. Why couldn’t Takamizawa learn English when she was young?A. Because English was useless.B. Because she was too young to learn English.C. Because English was forbidden to learn.D. Because she was unwilling to learn English.5. What can we know from the third paragraph?A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family.B. Takamizawa’s grandchildren love her a lot.C. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and only Engl ish teacher.D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.6. What does the underlined phrase “This situation” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. English is not the first language in Japan.B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low.C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English.D. Japanese people become open to the rest of the world.7. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Where there is a will, there is a way.B. It is never too late to learn.C. The early bird catches the worm.D. Two heads are better than one.CIt is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Headstart” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into pre-school institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing , because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end of each day, “Headstart” children returned to the same disadvantaged hom e environment.To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child,s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four-year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different social-economic status, age and family structure. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socio-economic background and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socio-economic backgrounds or family structure. The one factor that was found to affect the child,s development was the poor quality ofparent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.8. What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program ?A. The large number of poor families.B. The disapproval from children.C. The late start of the program.D. The long period of time.9. What do we know about the “Missouri” program ?A. It focused on the children,s first school teachers.B. It helped the children return to the same home.C. It made the children improved in many aspects.D. It gave the parents advice on their development.10. According to the passage, what is likely to influence children,s performance ?A. The number of family members.B. The parent-child communication.C. The intelligence of their parents.D. The teacher-student relationship.11. How does the author develop the passage ?A. By listing figures.B. By making comparisons.C. By giving examples.D. By drawing conclusions.DWe’ve all been there: those times you need to argue your point of view to someone who you know disagrees with you. You immediately go to your keyboard and start to type out that 280-character tweet, the Facebook reply, or a paragraphs-long email. Surely the reason, logic, and strong power of your written words will convince whoever it is who disagrees with you to see your point of view. But new research suggests a different idea.That research was conducted by Juliana Schroeder, assistant professor of University of California, Berkeley, and her colleagues. In Schroeder’s study of almost 300 people, participants were asked to watch, listen, and read arguments about subjects they agreed or disagreed with. They were asked to judge the character of the communicator and the quality of the argument. Schroeder’s team found that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive (抵触的)of their claims than when they read that communicator’s same argument.The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician. One of us read a speech that was printed in a newspaper from a politician with whom he strongly disagreed. The next week, he heard the exact same speech playing on a radio station. He was shocked by how different his reaction was toward the politician when he read the speech compared to when he heard it. When he read the statement, the politician seemed idiotic, but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable.So in the workplace, speaking to someone in person often involves nothing more than walking a few doors down to their office. And that’s exactly what you should do if you need to con vince that boss or colleague of why your blueprint for the company or project is the right one.Only as a last way should you try to communicate with someone who you disagree with over social media. Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’ short attention make arguing your point anuphill battle.12. What’s the result of the research?A. Written words are more logical and reasonable.B. People prefer to communicate with key board.C. When reading an argument, the participants were less dismissive than hearing it.D. Oral, not written, communication works better.13. Why is the politician mentioned in paragraph3?A. To introduce the topic for discussion.B. To summarize the previous paragraphs.C. To explain why Schroeder conducted the research.D. To introduce the politician’s speech.14. What does the underlined word “idiotic’’in paragraph 3 mean?A. Wise.B. Practical.C. Silly.D. Special.15. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A. To persuade your boss, you need to walk to his office and leave a message.B. It’s difficult to fully explain your points due to social media’s limitation.C. Arguing over social media is more convenient than speaking in person.D. Communicating with others over social media is encouraged.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市青浦区第二中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析
2020届上海市青浦区第二中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou’re becoming an adult; your friends are changing; school is more challenging; and your life has more ups and downs than it used to. These books are just for you.Say Goodbye to Stressby Dr Jeff BrownKindle Edition $11.79Paperback $16.95Many have trouble getting their stress (压力) under control and want help. This new book will encourage stressed-out readers with its stories from people like them about how they resolved or rethought the stress in their lives, learned to let go of anxiety and worry, and improved their lives by dealing with stress.Find Your Inner Strengthby Amy NewmarkKindle Edition $7.99Paperback $12.75This powerful collection of stories will inspire (激励) you and help you find the inner strength to do with the challenges in your own life. We are stronger than we think.... when we have to be. These brave. courageous people are the role models that show us all what is possible.Random Acts of Kindnessby Amy NewmarkKindle Edition $12.99Paperback $17.77Make miracles happen for yourself and others. It’s easy. Just think outside the box and look around. There are so many ways that you can help—and it turns out the biggest beneficiary (受益人) may be you! Scientific studies have shown that “doing good” is not only good for others but also for the person doing it, making that person happier and healthier.Be the Best You Can Beby Amy NewmarkKindle Edition $10. 99Paperback $15.67This collection shows kids positive role models to follow in its stories about making good choices, havingconfidence, and doing the right things. Parents and grandparents will enjoy discussing the stories with children, making it a family event.1.How will you feel after reading Say Goodbye to Stress?A.Anxious.B.Awkward.C.Relaxed.D.Confused.2.What is unique about Find Your Inner Strength?A.It is written by a well-known author.B.It is the cheapest of the four books.C.It has role models for kids to follow.D.It shows one how to do good deeds.3.Which book is suitable for one who has no confidence?A.Say Goodbye to StressB.Find Your Inner StrengthC.Random Acts of KindnessD.Be the Best You Can BeBThis year researchers expect the world to snap 1.35 trillion photographs, or about 3.7 billion per day. All those pixels (像素) take up a lot of room if they are stored on personal computers or s phones, which is one reason why many people store their images in the cloud. But unlike a hard on drive which can be encrypted to protect its data, cloud storage users have to trust that a tech platform will keep their private pictures safe. Now a team of Columbia University computer scientists has developed a tool to encrypt (加密) images stored on many popular cloud services while allowing authorized users to browse and display their photographs as usual.Malicious (恶意的) attempts to access or leak cloud-based photographs can expose personal information. In November 2019, for example, a bug in the popular photograph storage app Google Photos mistakenly shared some users' private videos with strangers. Security experts also worry about employees at cloud storage companies on purpose accessing users' images.So the Columbia researchers came up with a system called Easy Secure Photos (ESP), which they presented at a recent conference. “We wanted to see if we could make it possible to encrypt data while using existing services,” says computer scientist Jason Nieh, one of the developers of ESP. “Everyone wants to stay with Google Photos and not have to register on a new encrypted-image cloud storage service.”To overcome this problem, they created a tool that preserves blocks of pixels but moves them around to effectively hide the photograph. First, ESP's algorithm (算法) divides a photograph into three separate files, each one containing the image's red, green or blue color1 data. Then the system hides the pixel blocks around amongthese three files (allowing a block from the red file, for instance, to hide out in the green or blue ones). But the program does nothing within the pixel blocks, where all the image processing happens. As a result, the files remain unchanged images but end up looking like grainy black-and-white ones to anyone who accesses them without the decryption (解密) key.4. What's probably the main purpose for people to store images in the cloud?A. To save storage room.B. To make photos beautiful.C. To try a new storage way.D. To keep their privacy safe.5. Why might employees in cloud storage companies be distrusted by experts?A. They sell users' passwords.B. They have invented new tools.C. They often let out personal information.D. They may steal a glance at users' images.6. What's the advantage of ESP?A. It can provide clear images.B. It can decrease the upload time.C. It can classify images automatically.D. It can encrypt data on the original platform.7. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. Method of decryption.B. Image-processing technique.C. Separate files of images.D. Data analysisof color1 s.COne day when I was 5, my mother criticized me for not finishing my rice and I got angry. I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my old rice. In my angry motion to open the screen door (纱门) with my foot, I kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left hand corner of the new screen door. But I had no regret, for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.Today, I know if my child had done what I did, I would have criticized my child, and told him about how expensive this new screen door was, and I would have delivered a spanking (打屁股) for it. But my parents never said a word. They left the corner of the screen door pushed out, creating an opening, a crack in the defense against unwanted insects.For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen, it would remind me of my mistake from time to time.For years, I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it. For years, every time I saw a fly buzzing in the kitchen, I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot. I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing, silently blaming me every time a flying insectentered our home, making life more terrible for us all. My parents taught me a valuable lesson, one that a spanking or stern (严厉的) words perhaps could not deliver. Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me. Aboveall, it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.8. When the author damaged the door, his parents _______.A. scolded him for what he had doneB. left the door unrepairedC. told him how expensive it wasD. gave him a spanking9. How did the author feel every time he saw the damaged door?A. He felt ashamed of his uncontrolled anger at that time.B. He found that his family members no longer liked him.C. He found it destroyed the happy atmosphere at his home.D. He felt he had to work hard to make up for (弥补) the damage.10. The experience may cause the author _______.A. to hide his anger away from othersB. not to go against his parents’ willC. to have a better control of himselfD. not to make mistakes in the future11. What of the following is the main idea of this passage?A. Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior.B. Parents shouldn’t educate their children.C. What is the best way to become a more patient person?D. Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people.DAn unmanned Chinese spacecraft left the earth on a trip to the planet Mars on Thursday. The launch（发射）marks the start of one of China's most important space explorations. China's national space agency launched the spacecraft called Tianwen-1 fromthe Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Center on Hainan Island.The name Tianwen means “Questions to Heaven” in Chinese. The spacecraft took off on China's largestcarrier rocket, the Long March 5, and about 36 minutes later, the spacecraft, including an orbiter（轨道飞行器）and a rover（漫游车），was sent into the Earth-Mars orbit. It is expected to reach the orbit of the red planet next February. Tianwen-1 will finish three scientific goals—orbiting the red planet, landing on the Mars and sending a rover to the landing site.Tianwen-1 carries several scientific instruments to observe the planet's atmosphere and surface. It will do a series of scientific researches on the planet's soil, geological structure, environment, atmosphere and water. Besides its daily work of exploring the surface of Mars for 90 days, it will also report back to the earth about its experiences on the red planet, which is millions of miles away. According to experts, discovering signs of life will be its first and most important scientific goal.Tianwen-1's successful landing will make China the second nation to place a spacecraft on Mars. The United States has landed eight vehicles on Mars since 1976. China will be the first to successfully orbit, land and place a vehicle in the same mission. This is China's first independent mission to Mars. The task in 2011 failed when a Russian rocket carrying a Chinese orbiter had problems after launch, and was unable to escape the Earth orbit. Last year, China's Chang e-4 spacecraft became the first to make a landing on the far side of the moon.12. When will Tianwen-1 enter the orbit of Mars?A. 36 minutes later.B. Next Thursday.C. In 90 days.D. Next February.13. What is the main task of Tianwen-1 according to experts?A. Orbiting the Mars.B. Landing on the Mars.C. Discovering signs of life.D. Sending a rover to the landing site.14. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?A. Tianwen-1 is the second vehicle landed on the Mars.B. The United States is the first to land vehicles on the Mars.C. Russia helped China place Tianwen-1 on the Mars.D. Chang，e-4 was the first to make a landing on the moon.15. Where can you find this article?A. In a newspaper.B. In a diary.C. In a sci-fi novel.D. In a guide book.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市青浦区2020届高三二模考试英语试题 Word版含解析
青浦区 2019 学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷(时间 120 分钟，满分 140 分)考生注意:1. 本试卷共 14 页。
2. 答题前，考生务必在答题卡(纸)上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3. 答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。
如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. $200.B. $250.C. $300.D. $350. 【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: This room is fantastic. How much is the rent?M: It’s $250 a month unf urnished or $300 furnished. Utilities are 50 extra.Q: How much will it cost the man to rent a furnished room including utilities? 2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. In July.B. In August.C. In September.D. In October.【答案】D【解析】【详解】M: Hey, Mandy, aren’t you and Jeff going to Korea in July?W: We had thought to go there in August, but the travel agency gave us a discount if we go there in October.Q: When will Mandy probably go to Korea?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. The woman needs to see the doctor.B. The woman should pretend to be a patient.C. The woman needs to put in extra efforts.D. The woman should take magic tablets.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Do you have some magic tablets? I have an exam to pass tomorrow.M: In such an emergency, you need injections.Q: What does the man mean?4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. Mechanic and customer.B. Advertiser and designer.C. Advertising agent and client.D. Manager and salesperson.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Excuse me. I’d like to place an advertisement for a used car in your paper. M: OK, but you have to run your advertisement all week.Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. She can’t make herself understood when whispering.B. She’d better avoid speaking even in a low voice.C. She will probably go to see a doctor.D. She has refused to take medicine.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Emily’s voice sounds awful. I could barely hear her.M: Yes. She’s got a terrible sore throat. The doctor said she shouldn’t even attempt to whisper.Q: What can we learn about Emily from the conversation?6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. It is full of nonsense.B. It is appealing to him.C. It should be lent to more people.D. It can hardly arouse the woman’s interest.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: I wasn’t sure whether the book I lent you was the kind you woul d have any interest in.M: Nonsense. I can hardly tear myself away from it.Q: What does the man think of the book?7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. The lecture was very successful.B. She felt thirsty at the lecture.C. The students were not polite at the lecture.D. The young people have great wisdom.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: How did the lecture go?W: Oh, you should have seen those young people. Thirsty for knowledge, drinking in my wisdom.Q: What does the woman mean?8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. The woman is now working in a kindergarten.B. The man will soon start a business of his own.C. The man would like to be a high school teacher.D. The woman is going to major in child education.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: After high school, I’d like to go to college and major in business administration.W: But I’d rather spend my college days finding out how children learn.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. They have forgot to change their cars.B. The woman’s car has run out of electricity.C. The man is good at telling jokes.D. The park is within five minutes’ walk.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Walk to the park? You must be kidding! It takes only five minutes to drive there.W: If I had remembered to charge my car.Q: What can be learned from the conversation?10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. She would like to have the typewriter removed.B. Someone else may need the typewriter.C. She does not like the spare desk.D. The office is dusty and old.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: This old typewriter has been sitting on the spare desk all semester. It’sjust gathering dust from what I can see.W: We’d better ask someone to get rid of it so that we can use this space.Q: What does the woman mean?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.A. Bank clerk.B. Restaurant servant.C. Baby sitter.D. Campus gardener.12.A. Write a sound resume.B. Select appropriate courses.C. Arrange their work schedules.D. Improve their interviewing techniques.13.A. To inform students of a university program.B. To interest students in a career in counseling.C. To get counselors to work in the placement office.D. To convince local organizations to hire college students.【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A【解析】【原文】As a result of rising university costs, many students are finding it necessary to take on part- time jobs. To make finding those jobs easier, the placement services put together a listing of what’s available locally. For some students, these part-time jobs could lead to full time work after graduation, as they may offerexperience in their own fields, whether it is finance, marketing or even management. For example, National Saving Bank offers a job on a half time basis. That’s twenty hours a week. Stores and restaurants have positions requiring fewer hours. Even less time is expected of those providing child-care. We have a number of families registered with us who were looking for baby sitters for as few as 4 hours a week. For students who prefer outdoor work, there are seasonal positions right on campus, working with the gardening and landscaping teams. These often require the most time and are the least flexible in terms of scheduling.To see a complete list of these and other available jobs, including the salary offered and the hours required, stop by our office. Oh, and be sure to bring a resume with you. When you find something tha t interests you, we’ll put you in touch with the person offering it. In addition, our counselors will give you hints about successful interviewing.Questions:Which of the following position requires the fewest working hours?What will the counselors at the office help students do?What is the purpose of the speech?Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.A. To find out what happened to the atmosphere and water of our planet.B. To explore what occurred to the natural environment on Mars.C. To confirm that Mars has a much thicker atmosphere now.D. To have access to an orbit to circle around the Red Planet.15.A. Robots that can operate on batteries.B. Robots that are less expensive to build.C. Robots that can run quickly on four legs.D. Robots that have greater load capacity.16.A. Its influence on U.S. movies and TV shows.B. Its tough demands on overseas students.C. Its attempt to spread American culture.D. Its exclusion of American values.【答案】14. B 15. D 16. C【解析】【原文】This is Radiolab. Here are the short news items.In September, the U.S. scientific satellite MAVEN entered an orbit around Mars, with the mission of learning what happened on the Red Planet’s atmosphere and water. MAVEN’s principal investigator Bruce Jakosky says scientists now know that Mars once had a much denser atmosphere and that it has changed significantly over the last few billion years. What they still don’t know is how and why that happened.Scientists have been experimenting with four-legged robots for years, trying to see if they could be used as pack animals for carrying heavy loads over a difficult terrain. But the machine’s power requirements limited their potential. That’s changed, with a running robot designed by a group of engineers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology that operates on batteries rather than heavy gasoline-powered engines. People often blame Hollywood movies, U.S. television shows and fast food for spreading American culture around the world. But a college entrance exam? Some people are criticizing planned changes to the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT, as an attempt to spread American values to students overseas. Since 2016, the SAT has required test-takers to read from parts of the U.S. Constitution, the Declaration of Independence or other historical documents.Questions:Why was scientific satellite MAVEN sent to space?What is scientists’ latest research on robots?What is the SAT accused of?Questions are based on the following passage.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.A. He feels lonely living all by himself.B. He finds it hard to afford the rent all by himself.C. He wants to get help with his courses from his roommate.D. He need to find somebody to make the apartment more comfortable.18.A. The fridge is broken by a heavy box.B. The carpet in the living room is old and dirty.C. The toilet is blocked and the sink has a few leaks.D. The windows in the bathroom can keep the heat up.19.A. Attractive price.B. Convenient location.C. Relaxing atmosphere.D. Furnished bedroom.20.A. Offer a loan to the man.B. Find a job for the man.C. Help the man fix up the house.D. Look for another place.【答案】17. B 18. B 19. A 20. D【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Catherine. Come on in.W: Uh, yeah, I stopped by to see if you were still looking for a roommate to share your house.M: Yep, I sure am. Ever since I reduce on my working hours to go to school, I have been really short on cash. Hey, let me show you around the place. Uh, here’s the living room.W: Oh, It looks like you could use a new carpet…and those stains?M: Well. I’ve had a few problems with some former roommates. I know it needs to be cleaned, but I just don’t have the money to do it right now.W: Oh. And what about the kitchen?M: Right this way. Look. It’s comple tely furnished with all the latest appliances except…Well, the refrigerator door is broken…a little bit…and it won’t shut allthe way. It needs fixing, but don’t worry. I’ve pushed a box against it to keep it shut.W: Hmm. Great. Well, how about the bathr oom? No, no. Don’t tell me. The toilet is blocked or the sink has a few leaks.M: No, those work well. Well, there’s another slight problem —the windows. I’ve put up a piece of cardboard to keep out the rain and snow, and if it gets a little cold, you can always turn up the heat.W: Hey, I think I’ve seen enough. I can’t believe you’ve survived under these conditions.M: So what do you think? You really can’t beat a place like this for $450 a month. So it has its problems, but we can fix those.W: Oh, no, thank you. I think I will pass.Questions:Why does the man need to share his apartment with a roommate?Which of the following statements is true about the man’s house?What advantage does the man think his apartment has?What will the woman probably do after she has seen the place?II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Luxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free. With a population of 602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s ___21___ (small) countries - yet it suffers from major traffic jams. But that could be about to change. As of March 1, 2020 all public transport - trains, trams and buses - in the country is now free. The government hopes the move ___22___ (ease) heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.Tiny country, big traffic ___23___ (landlock) Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. ___24___ (take) up 2,586square kilometers, Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island. From the capital of Luxembourg City, Belgium, France and Germany ___25___ all be reached by car in half an hour.High housing costs, especially in Luxembourg City, mean more than 180,000 of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs. But ___26___ “booming economy” and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues.In 2016, Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1,000 people, and driving is a “primary means o f transportation” for people. That year, drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of 33 hours in traffic jams. It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki, ___27___ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg - yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours in traffic. Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries, however, will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.Free transport for all Luxembourg’s public transport system co vers the whole country and costs $562 million per year to run. The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy. People still hold the concern ___28___making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas. ___29___walking 500 meters, people see a bus coming and they say, “we can get on and travel 500 meters ____30____it’s free”.However, the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Lu xembourg’s reliance on driving.The government might say, “It’s important that you throw away your car, and look, we made public transport free” - and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”【答案】21. smallest22. will ease23. landlocked24. Taking 25. can26. its 27. which28. that 29. Instead of30. because/ since / as【解析】这是一篇说明文。
2020届高三二模英语试题(含答案)
高三英语试卷（2020.05）(满分140分，考试时间120分钟)I Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A Supermarket. B. Tailors shop. C. Department store. D. Convenience store.2. A. 200 pound. B. 600 pounds. C. 300 pounds. D. 700 pounds.3. A. Call the ticket office later. B. Order the tickets onlineC. Not to buy the ticket on the Internet.D. Order the tickets when it's not busy.4.A. Borrowing money from a business company. B Lending some money to a student.C. Asking for some financial aid. D Reading students’ application.5. A. The bed is to blame for his not falling asleep. B. He can fall asleep if he stops drinking.C. He can drink more to fall asleep easily.D. Drinking is good for sleeping.6. A. He is satisfied with the content. B. He feels sorry for it.C. He thinks it is valueless.D. He thinks it is valuable.7. A Professor Smith spoke Greek when he explained the maths problem.B. The woman still didn’t understand the maths problem.C. Unfortunately, she didn’t hear Professor Smiths explanation.D. Professor Smith didn't explain the problem clearly.8. A. Collect papers for the man. B. Do the typing once again.C. Check the paper for typing errors.D. Read the whole newspaper.9.A. Proceed in his own way. B. Stick to the original plan.C. Negotiate with his colleague.D. Try to change his colleagues mind.10. A. His project proved to be unsuccessful. B. He was unable to get sufficient money.C. Lack of land prevented his success.D. He was successful with his project.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s)and the passage(s). The conversation(s)and the passage (s) will beread twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following talk.11. A. To guide and help children's play. B. To give children an opportunity to play.C. To make children excited. D To keep children company.12. A. It determines the standard a child can reach.B. It is the happiest period during one's life.C. It is the most important time to shape one’s character.D. It is the best time for children to learn new thing.13. A. The relationship between play and learning.B. The way to help children develop both physically and mentally.C. The importance of children’s play.D. Different stages of children’s development.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It tends to wander towards unpleasant experiences.B. It wanders for almost half of their waking time.C. It has trouble concentrating after a brain injuryD. It tends to be affected by their negative feelings.15. A. To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.B. To observe how one’s mind affects one’s behavior.C. To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing.D. To study the relation between health and daydreaming.16. A. Participants with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals.B. The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant.C. Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers.D. Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Their average lifespan was less than 50 years.B. It was very common for them to have 12 children.C. They retired from work much earlier than today.D. They were quite optimistic about their future.18. A. Get ready for ecological changes.B. Adapt to the new environment.C. Learn to use new technology.D. Explore ways to stay young.19. A. When all women go out to work.B. When family planning is enforced.C. When a world government is set up.D. When all people become wealthier.20. A. Eliminate poverty and injustice.B. Migrate to other planets.C. Control the environment.D. Find inexhaustible resources.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank.Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or (21)__________(force)to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study. (22)_________ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists(23)________ (grow)understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24)_________ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,” said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely.(25)________(test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies(超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫) the researchers found that even happy healthy plants madethe occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26)_________average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut, (27)_________tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28)_______researchers aren’t yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29)____________as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies like mice, bats or perhaps other plants (30)________possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Italians find “Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety”It started with the national anthem. Then came the piano chords, trumpet blasts, violin serenades(小夜曲) and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it (31)_________from people’s homes, out of windows and from balconies, and resounding across rooftops.Finally, on Saturday afternoon, a nationwide (32)__________of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe’s worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain (33)_________under house arrest as the nation, the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus, has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets, from people (34)_________in their homes, reflects the spirit, resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people' s souls, it has also demonstrated the (35)__________of those national characters.In China, patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring(36)_________needed food to the people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak. In Iran, videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep (37)_______up. And in Italy, the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country’s empty streets, while social media feeds fill with (38)___________, sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤) from tightly(39)________maskshave also spread across the web in recent days. Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title “It will all be OK.”“We’re Italians, and loving singing is part of our culture,” said Giorgio Albertini, 51, an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan, calling it a way “to feel a community, and to have the (40)_________grief.”Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has (41)_________it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is (42)___________by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学)( a somewhat new, divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out into a piece of advice that, to (43)_________happiness, people should "build a life that requires (44)________decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level, Cerf’s idea (45)_____________: Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of (46)___________people around them. One example Cerf furnishes is that, (47)________consistently ordering the second menu item. he never picks where to eat. Rather, he (48)________his decision to his dining partner which friend he plans to eat with, probably one he trusts and always lets them pick.While it's (49)__________what, if any, scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice, there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more(50)_______than liberating. An example from Quanta poits (假设): If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架), choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力) or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力) should be a(51)________. And, as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows, most of the time it is, (52)_________you introduce more choices. When the participants were offered three candy bars (Snickers, Milky Way, and Almond Joy) they had no problem picking their favorite, but when they were given the option of one among 20, including Snickers, they would sometimes drift away from their (53)_____. When the choices were taken away in later trials. the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details, according to a model called" 'divisive normalization(分裂归一化), which has gained some popularity, the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So, if you have twothings that are clearly (54)___________, brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear. When the choices are comparable. the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two, but more choices (55)_________ that ability out.41. A. relieved B. released C. eliminated D. liberated42. A. influenced B. inherited C. implemented D. informed43. A. maximize B. balance C. cherish D. seek44. A safer B. fewer C. better D. sounder45. A. stands out B comes into force C makes sense D. play a part46. A. distinguished B. trusted C. authorized D. honored47. A. in addition to B. instead of C. in spite of D. regardless of48. A. conveys B. relates C. submits D. limitsA. evidentB. unclearC. criticalD. inevitable50. A. confusing B. Inspiring C. worrying D. appealing51. A. stressor B. no-brainer C. challenge D. headache52. A. after B. before C. when D. until53. A. preference B. struggle C. status D. directionA. impressiveB. insignificantC. uniqueD. distinct55. A. crowd B. figure C. sort D. putSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One spring day, once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover (盘旋)and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table. While you're thinking about avoiding an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely: me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live. Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home. stick her long. straw like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the bee has had her fill. she’ll fly home. There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb. Then she and her 50.000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the waterfrom the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4,000 flowers, and yet will produce only one-twelfth a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond. If I do say so myself, I am a timeless treasure. Literally I never go bad.Unfortunately, my good health is not guaranteed. The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit. I’d appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild. My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers, thus helping the bees, who give so much to you, to me without ever asking for anything in return.56. What does “me” refer to in the passage?A. The flower.B. The bee.C. Water. D Honey.57. What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about?A. Bees’ special talent.B. Bees’ hard work.C. Bees’ living environment.D. Bees’ social behavior.58. Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A. A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B. Before “me” is sealed off in beeswax, the drying process can take a few nights.C. The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D. Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens59. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To appeal for help for honeybees.B. To talk about the history of a treasure.C. To put forward techniques for gardeners.D. To argue against the control of chemicals.(B)Get Your Unlimited Card at Cineworld CinemasEnjoy Unlimited FilmsWatch all the films you want at any Cineworld for just one monthly price.Being an Unlimited card holder gives you access to all the 2D films you canhandle for one monthly price. Watch what you want, when you want as manytimes as you want. Plus, save money when watching films in 3D and others.After you've been with us for more than I year we'll upgrade you to a Premium Card and you' ll get into 3D films completely free too! Start enjoying today by using a temporary pass while you wait for your card to arrive in the post.Save On Snacks And DrinksGet 10% off all in-cinema food and drink. Plus get 10% off atCineworld Starbucks licensed stores. First year card holders get 10%o off,whilst Premium card holders get 25% off Cineworld's in-cinema food anddrinks including, all drinks, popcorn, nachos, hotdogs, ice cream, pick nmix and much more. Plus all card holders get 10% discounts at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores. All you need to do is show your card at the counter and your discount will be applied.Recommend A FriendUnlimited members can get free months of membership when theyrecommend Unlimited to their friends!Recommend Unlimited to your friends and well give you free monthsof membership to say thank you. For every friend that signs up using yourunique Recommend a Friend code you will both receive one month’s free membership once they have been an active Unlimited member for 90 days. The free month will be automatically added to the end of your current subscription. You can earn a maximum of 12 Free Months with your Recommend a Friend code, so recommend Unlimited to 12 friends and you could get a full year of free Unlimited cinema!60. The cinema names its membership card “Unlimited” because__________.A. one can have the benefits for good upon joining the membership.B. Cineworld members can enjoy as many 2D and 3D films as they like for free.C. it frees a member from any regular payment to the movie tickets at Cineworld.D. card holders can share limitless discounts and offers with friends and relatives.61. Which of the statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. The benefits above are not available until the card is delivered.B. Premium card holders can have 25%o off at a licensed Starbucks.C. Whoever persuades 6 friends into Unlimited can enjoy a half year of free membership.D. A second year of investment is worthwhile if you are a cinema goer.62. This passage is probably written to____________.A. secure the loyalty of potential customers.B. introduce the latest movies and discounts.C promote the popularity of Cineworld cinemas.D. give away movie cards to readers for free.(C)A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic, in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole.The hole, which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days, has reached record dimensions, but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south. If it extends further south overpopulated areas, such as southern Greenland, people would be at increased risk of sunburn. However, on current trends the hole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks.Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex(极地漩涡) and the presence of ozone-destroying chemicals such as chlorine(氯)in the atmosphere-from human activities caused the hole to form.“The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity.” said Vincent-Henri Peuch, director of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service. “We monitored unusual dynamic(动态的)conditions, which drive the process of chemical depletion of ozone. Those dynamics allowed for lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic, which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric(平流层的)clouds and the catalytic(催化的) destruction of ozone.”The hole is not related to the Covid-19 shutdowns that have dramatically cut air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis, or part of normal stratospheric weather variability.Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis. Temperatures in the region are already increasing, slowing the depletion of ozone, and the hole will start to recover as polar air mixes with ozone rich air from lower latitudes. The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring 2011.While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event, the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades. The production of ozone depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced, under the1987 Montreal Protocol(蒙特利尔协议), but some sources appear still to be functioning in 2018unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas.New sources of ozone depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic, said Peuch. “However, this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where the ozone destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again.”63. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “depletion”?A. replacement.B. consumption.C. increase.D. production.64. According to the passage, scientists are concerned about the hole because____________.A. it is expected to be a threat to the mankind.B. the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.C. it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awareness.D. it wars us of an oncoming climate crisis.65. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A. The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over the Antarctic.B. Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone-destroying chemicals.C. The Montreal Protocol has successfully prevented new emissions.D. Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic.66. The best title for the passage is probably_________.A. Record-size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the Arctic.B Actions Urgently Needed for a New Hole in Ozone Layer.C Environmental Disaster and International Cooperation.D. How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on Earth.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.People like to post their selfies(自拍照)on social media. To know more about it, scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism, the researchers said. (67)_________Makana Chock, a professor from Syracuse University. said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own vanity.” Those “likes” under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.(68)_________Some people feel “peer pressure” to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience. it did not really happen. “Anyway, it shouldn’t be seen as negative. People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes. And it does no harm,” Chock said.Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software. (69)_______Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips and special events, our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos. They would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. They were happy to hear your comments. (70)__________On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos even if they click “like”.TV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage, Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It's natural to feel the need to control something when everything around you feels out of control, and you feel helpless. When a friend of mine first heard about the coronavirus outbreak. she got down on her hand. and knees and cleaned her kitchen floor. She told me, “My floor wasn’t even dirty, but doing something constructive made me feel in control and that I was holding on to my power, despite the desperate circumstances.”Your most powerful weapon against uncertainty is your perspective because nobody and no situation can take that from you unless you give it away. Your perspective can victimize or empower you. When you look for the upside in a downside situation and figure out what you can control and what you can't, it's easier to accept whatever is beyond your control.高三英语调研测试（试卷参考答案）I Listening ComprehensionSection A1-5 BDBCB6-10 CBCCDSection B11-13 AAC14-16 BAD17-20 ACDCII. Grammar and V ocabularySection A21. forced22 which23. growing 24. thought25. To test27. while28. Although/While/Thou29. that30 could/canSection B31-40 IBACG FDEKJIII Reading ComprehensionSection A41-55 CDABC BADBA BDADASection B56-59 DBBA60-62CDA63-66 BCBASection C67-70 CBFDTV. Summary WritingFor reference:Strengthening or retrieving a sense of control is a natural demand. First, good perspective is of the greatest help, for evaluating the situation properly brings a clearer picture. Second, kind behaviors during tough times can secure you a sense of control as well. Third, actions and thoughts of positivity also help as they may create hope and optimism.It's essential to feel you can control something in a crisis or emergency. Positive perspective is the most important, since it will ensure you confidence and power to pull through the difficult situation. Then doing small good deeds can free you from worry temporarily by helping others. Lastly. take some positive action to arouse the hope within you.V. Translation72. Never before have we been so eager/keen to go to school as we are now.73. Why not do something you love but don’t have time to do since you can only stay at home?74. In Europe many coffee houses which serve as ideal places for social interaction have to close their stores to respond to the public health crisis.75. It turns out that when our country is facing difficulties, every Chinese, whether at home or abroad is willing to make contributions to their motherland.。
上海市青浦区2020届高三4月期中教学质量监测英语（二模）试卷（带详解）
上海市青浦区2020届⾼三4⽉期中教学质量监测英语（⼆模）试卷（带详解）青浦区2019~2020年第⼆学期⾼三年级质量调研考试⾼三英语2020.05（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.$200. B.$250. C.$300. D.$350.2.A.In July. B.In August. C.In September. D.In October.3.A.The woman needs to see the doctor. B.The woman should pretend to be a patient.C.The woman needs to put in extra efforts.D.The woman should take magic tablets.4.A.Mechanic and customer. B.Advertiser and designer.C.Advertising agent and client.D.Manager and salesperson.5.A.She can’t make herself understood when whispering.B.She’d better avoid speaking even in a low voice.C.She will probably go to see a doctor.D.She has refused to take medicine.6.A.It is full of nonsense. B.It is appealing to him.C.It should be lent to more people.D.It can hardly arouse the woman’s interest.7.A.The lecture was very successful. B.She felt thirsty at the lecture.C.The students were not polite at the lecture.D.The young people have great wisdom.8.A.The woman is now working in a kindergarten.B.The man will soon start a business of his own.C.The man would like to be a high school teacher.D.The woman is going to major in child education.9.A.They have forgot to change their cars. B.The woman’s car has run out of electricity.C.The man is good at telling jokes.D.The park is within five minutes’walk.10.A.She would like to have the typewriter removed.B.Someone else may need the typewriter.C.She does not like the spare desk.D.The office is dusty and old.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s),andyou will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s)and the passage(s).The conversation(s)and the passage(s)will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following talk.11.A.Bank clerk. B.Restaurant servant.C.Baby sitter.D.Campus gardener.12.A.Write a sound resume. B.Select appropriate courses.C.Arrange their work schedules.D.Improve their interviewing techniques.13.A.To inform students of a university program.B.To interest students in a career in counseling.C.To get counselors to work in the placement office.D.To convince local organizations to hire college students.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.To find out what happened to the atmosphere and water of our planet.B.To explore what occurred to the natural environment on Mars.C.To confirm that Mars has a much thicker atmosphere now.D.To have access to an orbit to circle around the Red Planet.15.A.Robots that can operate on batteries.B.Robots that are less expensive to build.C.Robots that can run quickly on four legs.D.Robots that have greater load capacity.16.A.Its influence on U.S.movies and TV shows.B.Its tough demands on overseas students.C.Its attempt to spread American culture.D.Its exclusion of American values.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.He feels lonely living all by himself.B.He finds it hard to afford the rent all by himself.C.He wants to get help with his courses from his roommate.D.He need to find somebody to make the apartment more comfortable.18.A.The fridge is broken by a heavy box.B.The carpet in the living room is old and dirty.C.The toilet is blocked and the sink has a few leaks.D.The windows in the bathroom can keep the heat up.19.A.Attractive price. B.Convenient location.C.Relaxing atmosphere.D.Furnished bedroom.20.A.Offer a loan to the man. B.Find a job for the man.C.Help the man fix up the house.D.Look for another place.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Luxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free.With a population of602,000, Luxembourg is one of Europe’s(21)__________(small)countries—yet it suffers from major traffic jams.But that could be about to change.As of March1,2020all public transport—trains, trams and buses—in the country is now free.The government hopes themove(22)__________ (ease)heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits.Tiny country,big traffic(22)__________(landlock)Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe. (24)__________(take)up2,586square kilometers,Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island.From the capital of Luxembourg City,Belgium,France and Germany(25)__________all be reached by car in half an hour.High housing costs,especially in Luxembourg City,mean more than180,000of the country’s workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countries every day. Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs.But(26)__________“booming economy”and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues.In2016,Luxembourg had662cars per1,000people,and driving is a“primary means of transportation”for people.Thatyear,drivers in Luxembourg City spent an average of33hours in traffic jams.It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki,(27)__________ have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg—yet drivers in both only spent an average of24hours in traffic.Park and rides around Luxembourg’s borders in the three neighboring countries,however,will encourage commuters to use free mass transit.Free transport for allLuxembourg’s public transport system covers the whole country and costs$562million per year to run.The government is putting up the cost of it free so that the people can benefit from the good economy.People still hold theconcern(28)__________making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normally walk or cycle in urban areas.(29)____________________walking500meters,people see a bus coming and they say,“We can get on andtravel500meters(30)__________it’s free”.However,the new scheme cansignal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg’s reliance on driving.The government might say,“It’s important that you throw away your car,and look,we madepublic transport free”—and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need.”Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.binationB.regrettablyC.embarrassingD.discomfortposedF.respectivelyG.deliveredH.typicalI.limitationsJ.accompaniedK.evidentAt the Oscars,Parasite Makes Best Picture HistoryAt Sunday’s Oscars,on a night when almost everything went as planned and as usual,the one true surprise came in the biggest moment of all.For the first time ever,a film in a foreign language won Best Picture when Bong Joon-ho’s Parasite,a comedy-drama-thriller about class and secrets,took the big prize.Bong also won the awards for Best Director and Best OriginalScreenplay.He___31___three warm and generous speeches,including one when he won for his directing and thanked fellow nominees(被提名的⼈)Martin Scorsese and Quentin Tarantino for inspiring him and contributing to the progress of his career,___32___.And,while he gave most of his speeches in Korean with interpreter Sharon Choi,when he won the first one,he stopped and noted in English:“This is very first Oscar to South Korea.”The affection in the room for the film was___33___every time it was mentioned,as well as in its great competition of award.The evening began three and a half hours earlier with a(n)___34___ of the old and the new:the kind of themed singing-dancing number that used to be the___35___ Oscars opening,but in the absence of a traditional host,it was performed by the thoroughly modern Janelle Monáe.A version of her own song Come Alive was___36___by dancers dressed in costumes showing respect to black filmmakers.The speech thatfollowed,however,was much more___37___and unpleasant,despite the best efforts of Chris Rock and Steve Martin,the latter of whom___38___blew the name of best actress nominee Cynthia Erivo.The awards in general have been heavily criticized for how white the nominees are,the failure to nominate any women directors in a year when several made highly regarded films,and plenty of other lack of inclusivity.TheAcademy’s___39___with that criticism seemed evident: There may not have been a lot of performers of color among the nominees,but there were a lot among the presenters and speakers and performers.Several presenters made mention of the ___40___at issue,which is the kind of thing that happens when people are placed in a situation they don’t want to ignore but also aren’t there to challenge too much.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Facial-Recognition Technology Cannot Read EmotionsDo not believe claims that facial-recognition technology can accurately identify people’s emotions,advised several scientists at the2020AAAS Annual Meeting in Seattle.Such claims that a photo of a face can be easily___41___are based on a flawed theory that we smile when we are happy and scowl(沉下脸)when angry,said Professor Aleix Martinez.“There’s no way that technology will ever be able todetect___42___that you’re experiencing following that approach,”Martinez said.Research shows that,on average,people scowl only30%of the time that they are angry, said Lisa Feldman Barrett,professor of psychology at Northeastern University.The rest of the time,they make other faces when they are angry,shesaid.___43___,people may scowl for other reasons—“when they’re concentrating,when someone tells them a bad joke,”she said.“Any AI that is claiming to detect a scowl and interpreting it as anger has some real___44___.”So much goes into communicating our emotions beyond our___45___movements.Other factors involving little use of language include our body pose,body movement and hormone responses like those that cause one’s face to go red from embarrassment or___46___,said Martinez.Martinez offered an example of the importance of having enough information.For instance, when he showed people a photo of a___47___man with his mouth wide open and his eyes nearly closed,most thought the man was extremely angry,his research showed.Yet anyone viewing the context—that the subject was a soccer player—could___48___that he was displaying excitement while celebrating a goal.A mistake like this may not matter much,but so-called emotion-recognition technology has a larger reach.The technology’s___49___to incorporate facial movements could have serious, even dangerous outcomes,said Martinez.AI is sometimes used in classrooms,in the judicial(司法的)system and in hiring for jobs,he noted.Many of these systems learn from U.S.and European data___50___by white people.Such inputs could negatively impact,for instance,the hiring of candidates of other races,Martinez said.“I think we have to take seriously the___51___ in which this AI is being used,”said Barrett.Seth Pollak,professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison,shared research about the___52___of our ability to understand facial expressions and emotions.For several decades,scientists thought that infants arrived into the world with a little understanding about emotions,Pollak said.To the contrary,babies do not express___53___emotions.They have a distress system that broadcasts whether they are OK or not.Children learn about emotions beyond good or bad,and research shows that even with incredibly brief levels of exposure to contextual information,very young children start to change how they___54___their inferencesabout other people’s emotions.“Human brains are actually able to___55___patterns and make inferences about what might be happening at a sophisticated computational level with actually very little experience.”he said.41. A.recognized B.interpreted C.noticed D.realized42. A.emotions B.experiences C.incidents D.impacts43. A.Therefore B.However C.Anyway D.Additionally44. A.outlooks B.problems C.results D.mysteries45. A.body B.brain C.facial D.gesture46. A.disappointment B.unemotionality C.excitement D.shock47. A.red-faced B.long-eyed C.round-shouldered D.short-haired48. A.propose B.ensure C.indicate D.infer49. A.failure B.capability C.fight D.initiative50. A.dominated B.calculated C.concluded D.preserved51. A.approach B.direction C.context D.contest52. A.varieties B.differences C.resources D.origins53. A.specific B.internal C.strong D.uncomfortable54. A.pick B.categorize C.express D.expect55. A.take out B.bring out C.carry out D.figure outSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.Foreach of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up.“There’s a cyclone coming,Em,”he called to his wife.“I’ll go look after the stock.”Then he ran toward the sheds where the cows and horses were kept.Aunt Em dropped her work and came to the door.One glance told her of the danger close at hand.“Quick,Dorothy!”she screamed.“Run for the cellar!”Toto jumped out of Dorothy’s arms and hid under the bed,and the girl started to get him.Aunt Em,badly frightened,threw open the trap door in the floor and climbed down the ladder into the small,dark hole.Dorothy caught Toto at last and started to follow her aunt.When she was halfway across the room there came a great roar from the wind,and the house shook so hard that she lost her footing and sat down suddenly upon the floor. Then a strange thing happened.The house circled around two or three times and rose slowly through the air.Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon.It was very dark,and the windblew horribly around her,but Dorothy found she was riding quite easily.After the first few twists and turns,and one other time when the house tipped badly,she felt as if she were being rocked gently,like a baby in a cradle(摇篮).Toto did not like it.He ran about the room,now here,now there,barking loudly;but Dorothy sat quite still on the floor and waited to see what would happen.At last she crawled over the swinging floor to her bed,and lay down upon it;and Toto followed and lay down beside her.In spite of the swinging of the house and the crying of the wind,Dorothy soon closed her eyes and fell fast asleep.56.What does the underlined word“cyclone”in paragraph2probably mean?A.deadlineB.floodC.monsterD.tornado57.Why did Aunt Em go into the hole in the floor when the cyclone approached?A.To find the puppy Toto.B.To find shelter from the cyclone.C.To protect their fortune.D.To get tools to help Henry.58.Which of the following is True about Dorothy?A.She managed to control the house.B.She found herself flying in a balloon.C.She turned baby crying loudly.D.She remained undisturbed with Toto.59.Which words can be used to describe Dorothy in the emergency?A.Afraid and brave.B.Curious and tired.C.Flexible and calm.D.Excited and thrilled.(B)The Apollo Missions"That's one small step for a man.One giant leap for mankind."—Neil ArmstrongApollo’s GoalsThe national effort that enabled Astronaut Neil Armstrong to speak thosewords as he stepped onto the lunar surface fulfilled a dream as old as humanity.Project Apollo’s goals went beyond landing Americans on the moon and returning them safely to Earth.Apollo13Apollo13has been called a“successful failure,”because thecrew never landed on the Moon,but they made it home safelyafter an explosion crippled their ship.When the associatedheater was turned on during flight,the tank exploded depletingalmost all of the power from the command module and forcingthe crew to use the lunar module as a lifeboat.Jim Lovell,FredHaise and Jack Swigert came home safely thanks to the mission control team’s improvised procedures and their own ability to implement them.(Launch:April11,1970;splashdown:April17)Apollo14Notable for the return of America’s first astronaut,Alan Shepard,tospace,Apollo14also was probably the smoothest lunar landing to thatpoint.The crew spent more than nine hours outside the lunar moduleand set up a number of experiments.Shepard set a new distance recordby walking more than9,000feet on the lunar surface,pulling a handcart to carry their tools and samples(Launch:Jan.31,1971:lunar landing:Feb.5:splashdown,Feb.9)Apollo15For the first time,humans drove a car on the Moon.Thefirst of the Apollo“J”Missions-designed for longerstays on the Moon—the mission carried a lunar rover,which Commander David Scott and Lunar Module PilotJames Irwin used while they were on the surface for morethan I8hours.They traveled more than17miles in the rover,setting up experiments and collecting170pounds of samples.Before leaving the lunar surface,Scott conducted an experiment to test Galileo’s theory that objects in vacuum,without air resistance,would fall at the same rate.He dropped a geological hammer and a feather,which hit theground at the same time,proving Galileo right.(Launch:July26,1971,lunar landing:July30:splashdown:Aug.7)60.Why has Apollo13been called a“successful failure”?A.Apollo13finally exploded as planned in space.B.All the crew succeeded in landing on the Moon.C.The crew managed to escape from a severe accident and returned to Earth.D.The crew finished the experiment although they failed to land on the Moon.61.Which of the following is True according to the passage?A.It took five days for Apollo14to reach the Moon.B.The lunar rover was used as a lifeboat for space travel.C.Shepard tested Galileo’s theory successfully on the Moon.D.Apollo15remained in space for the shortest period of time.62.Which of the following column is this article most likely to be found?A.Booming ScienceB.Exploring the UnknownC.Mechanical WorldD.Transforming Moon(C)The story of chocolate begins with the discovery of America in1492.Columbus was the first European to come into contact with cacao.Columbus was struck by how much value the Indians placed on them as he did not know the beans were used by currency.It is unlikely that Columbus brought any of these beans back to Spain and it was not until about25years later that Cortez grasped the commercial possibilities when he found the Aztecs using the beans to make the royal drink“chocolatl”. The Spanish,in general,were not fond of the bitter drink so Cortez and his followers made it more palatable by adding cane sugar and later cinnamon and vanilla were added.Spanish monks let the secret out back home and,although the Spanish hid it from their neighbors for a hundred years,finally chocolate’s popularity grew until it was their fashionable drink at the French court and the wise choice of customers at London meeting houses.The cacao tree is strictly a tropical plant only in hot,rainy climates.Thus,its cultivation is limited to countries not morethan20degrees north or south of the equator(⾚道).The cacao tree is very delicate and sensitive.It needs protection from the wind and requires a fair amount of shade under most conditions.This is true especially in its first two or three years of growth.A newly planted young cacao tree is often sheltered by a different type of trees.It is normal to plant food crops for shade such as bananas,plantain,coconuts or cocoyams.Rubber trees and forest trees are also used for shade.Once established,however,cacao trees can grow in full sunlight, provided there are fertile soil conditions and intensive farming.With cutting and carful cultivation,the trees of strains will begin bearing fruit in the fifth year.With extreme care,some strains can be stimulated to produce good crops in the third and fourth year.The process of turning cacao into chocolate hasn’t changed much since the Swiss made the major breakthroughs in the process in the late1800s.First the beans go through a process of fermentation(发酵)and drying.They are then sorted by hand before cleaning and then roasting. Winnowing(风扬)follows which removes the hard outer layers and leaves what is as the “grains”.A crushing and heating process known as Hunte’s Process is then used to remove nearly half of the cocoa butter from the nibs.This makes unsweetened chocolate.Basic eating chocolate is made from a mixture of the unsweetened chocolate with some of the cocoa butter along with other ingredients such as sugar and vanilla.The resulting product is then“purified”and this purifying gives chocolate the silky texture that we know so well.The finished result is thenshaped,cooled,packaged by machine,distributed,sold and of course,eaten!63.Why didn’t Columbus bring beans back to Spain at once when he found cacao?A.Because he couldn’t afford to buy the cacao bean.B.Because he didn’t know how to turn cacao bean into chocolate.C.Because he was not aware of the monetary value of cacao bean then.D.Because Spaniards then didn’t favour the chocolate that the Aztecs originally drank.64.The underlined word“palatable”in paragraph2probably means.A.affordableB.agreeableC.patentD.portable65.Which of the following is correct about cacao tree?A.Cacao trees need a lot of looking after to be used commercially.B.Cacao trees require hot,rainy climates and adequate sunlight.C.Cacao trees won’t produce fruit until the fifth year.D.Cacao trees can grow well in all continents.66.Which is the correct order of turning cocoa into chocolate?①The chocolate is reheated to melt it,put into patterns and then cooled to make its final shapes.②The beans are harvested on the farm.③Some cocoa butter is then obtained using Hunte’s Process to make cooking chocolate.④The cooking chocolate is then mixed with other ingredients to make the various types of eating chocolate available today.⑤The beans are winnowed after fermentation and drying and these two processes produce the grains.⑥The finished product is wrapped,sent to shops and then sold.A.②①③④⑤⑥B.②③①⑤④⑥C.②④⑤①③⑥D.②⑤③④①⑥Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.If nothing else,the work suggests the extraordinary skills of the dog.B.The dogs weren’t able to see or smell the difference between these objects.C.But dogs’thermal detection skills may not be useful for long distance hunting.D.Most mammals have naked,smooth skin on the tips of their noses around the nostrils(⿐孔).E.Dogs track prey“not by sight or sound or smell,but by some other and subtler sense”.F.Together,the two experiments show that dogs,like vampire bats,can sense weak hot spots.New sense discovered in dog noses:the ability to detect heat Dogs’noses are amazing.Not only are they up to100million times more sensitive than ours, they can sense weak thermal radiation—the body heat of mammalian(哺乳动物的)prey,a new study reveals.The find helps explain how dogs with damaged sight,hearing,or smell can still hunt successfully.“It’s a fascinating discovery,”says Marc Bekoff,an expert on dog sniffing(嗅探).“It provides yet another window into the sensory worlds of dogs’highly evolved cold noses.”The ability to sense weak,radiating heat is known in only some animals:black fire beetles,certain snakes,and one species of mammal,the common vampire bat,all of which use it to hunt prey.67.But the tips of dogs’noses are moist,colder than the surrounding temperature,and richly endowed with nerves—all of which suggests an ability to detect not just smell,but heat.To test the idea,researchers at Lund University trained three pet dogs to choose between a warm(31°C)and a surrounding-temperature object,each placed 1.6meters away.68.(Scientists could only detect the difference by touching the surfaces.)After training,the dogs were tested on their skill in double-blind experiments;all three successfully detected the objects emitting weak thermal radiation.Next,the researchers scanned the brains of13pet dogs of various breeds while presenting the dogs with objects emitting neutral or weak thermal radiation.The left somatosensory cortex in dogs’brains,was more responsive to the warm thermal stimulus than to the neutral one.The scientists identified a group of14voxels(体素)in this region of the dogs’left brains,but didn’t find any in the right,and none in any part of the dogs’brains in response to the neutral stimulus.69.Also,a specific region of their brains is activated by this infrared (relating to a type of light)radiation,the scientists say.They suspect dogs inherited the ability from their ancestor,the gray wolf,who may use it to sniff out warm bodies during a hunt.“The study is consistent with other research that describes the combined dog nose and brain as a highly complicated platform for processing a broad range of signals,”says Gary Settles,a professor of mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State University.“The dog nose can distinguish patterns of hot and cold objects at a distance,”he said.“70.That needs further study.”IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no moree your own words as far as possible.How Do Our Phones Affect Our Parenting?As a pediatrician(⼉科医⽣),I have researched how mobile phone use affects family dynamics.The parent-child relationship is central to children’s social and emotional health and life success—yet I also see how more and more family interactions interrupted by mobile devices…including my own.My interest in the topic began in2010.I worked for a year as a pediatrician in the suburbs outside of Seattle.Many of the parents bringing in their sick kids worked at tech companies andwere early adopters of mobile devices.During my training,I had gotten used to children playing with handheld gaming devices,but this was different:parents texted during health-related conversations(were they really processing what I was saying?);looked up medical information online to check my accuracy(was this a sign of parent anxiety?);and used videos to stop children from crying(this was pretty helpful during ear exams,but is it OK other times,I wondered?).I was fascinated by the cultural change America was experiencing with the rapid adoption of mobile devices.But as a pediatrician,I had no idea what to do about it.So when I moved to Boston for training in Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics,I decided to explore the topic in more depth.I started my research by observing families in fast food restaurants—and the results were pretty eye-opening:when parents’attention was highly absorbed in their smartphones,parents talked less to children;responded slower(or not at all)to child bids for attention;and sometimes overreacted to child behavior.Our more recent studies show that in the long-run,parent technology use during parent-child activities leads to more difficult child behavior—which in turn leads to more parent technology usage.It’s a vicious cycle:when kids stress us out,we often go to our phones for escape or to avoid interaction,and this interrupts time with kids or makes them annoyed,and they might react with difficult behavior,and so on.As a working mom of two young boys,I knew how this child-phone multitasking felt to me, but I wanted to hear what others thought.So I interviewed35parents from diverse backgrounds in Boston to understand their experiences.They told me they have never felt their brains split in so many directions—like all the matters of the world could intrude upon home time and“land in their lap”.They expressed both relief and despair when their phones were broken or lost,because while this made it easier to“single-task”on their kids again,they also felt cut off from friends and information.。
2020年上海市青浦区高考英语二模试卷
2020年上海市青浦区高考英语二模试卷I.Listening Comprehension Section ADirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．(★★★★★)A．﹩200．B．﹩250．C．﹩300．D．﹩350．2．(★★★)A． In July．B． In August．C． In September．D． In October．3．(★★★★★)A． The woman needs to see the doctor．B． The woman should pretend to be a patient．C． The woman needs to put in extra efforts．D． The woman should take magic tablets．4．(★★★★★)A． Mechanic and customer．B． Advertiser and designer．C． Advertising agent and client．D． Manager and salesperson．5．(★★★★★)A．She can't make herself understood when whispering．B．She'd better avoid speaking even in a low voice．C．She will probably go to see a doctor．D．She has refused to take medicine．6．(★★★★★)A． It is full of nonsense．B． It is appealing to him．C． It should be lent to more people．D． It can hardly arouse the woman's interest．7．(★★★★★)A． The lecture was very successful．B． She felt thirsty at the lecture．C． The students were not polite at the lecture．D． The young people have great wisdom．8．(★★★★★)A．The woman is now working in a kindergarten．B．The man will soon start a business of his own．C．The man would like to be a high school teacher．D．The woman is going to major in child education．9．(★★★★★)A． They have forgot to change their cars．B． The woman's car has run out of electricity．C． The man is good at telling jokes．D． The park is within five minutes' walk．10．(★★★★★)A．She would like to have the typewriter removed．B．Someone else may need the typewriter．C．She does not like the spare desk．D．The office is dusty and old．Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation， and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.11．(★★★★★)（1）A． Bank clerk．B． Restaurant servant．C． Baby sitter．D． Campus gardener．（2）A． Write a sound resume．B． Select appropriate courses．C． Arrange their work schedules．D． Improve their interviewing techniques．（3）A． To inform students of a university program．B．To interest students in a career in counseling．C．To get counselors to work in the placement office．D．To convince local organizations to hire college students．12．(★★★★★)（1）A． To find out what happened to the atmosphere and water of our planet．B．To explore what occurred to the natural environment on Mars．C．To confirm that Mars has a much thicker atmosphere now．D．To have access to an orbit to circle around the Red Planet．（2）A． Robots that can operate on batteries．B．Robots that are less expensive to build．C．Robots that can run quickly on four legs．D．Robots that have greater load capacity．（3）A． Its influence on U．S． movies and TV shows．B．Its tough demands on overseas students．C．Its attempt to spread American culture．D．Its exclusion of American values．13．(★★★★★)（1）A． He feels lonely living all by himself．B．He finds it hard to afford the rent all by himself．C．He wants to get help with his courses from his roommate．D．He need to find somebody to make the apartment more comfortable．（2）A． The fridge is broken by a heavy box．B．The carpet in the living room is old and dirty．C．The toilet is blocked and the sink has a few leaks．D．The windows in the bathroom can keep the heat up．（3）A． Attractive price．B． Convenient location．C． Relaxing atmosphere．D． Furnished bedroom．（4）A． Offer a loan to the man．B． Find a job for the man．C． Help the man fix up the house．D． Look for another place．II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections： After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14．(★★★)Luxembourg makes all public transport freeOne square meter Luxembourg makes all public transport free． With a population of 602，000， Luxembourg is one of Europe's （1） smallest （small） countries - yet it suffers from major traffic jams． But that could be about to change． As of March 1， 2020 all public transport - trains， trams and buses - in the country is now free． The government hopes the move （2） will ease （ease） heavy crowding and bring environmental benefits．Tiny country， big traffic（3） Landlocked （landlock） Luxembourg which is surrounded by three countries is one of the richest countries in Europe．（4） Taking （take） up 2，586 square kilometers， Luxembourg is roughly the size of Rhode Island． From the capital of Luxembourg City， Belgium， France and Germany（5） can all be reached by car in half an hour．High housing costs， especially in Luxembourg City， mean more than 180，000 of the country's workforce make regular journeys from those neighboring countriesevery day． Luxembourg is a very attractive place for jobs． But （6） its "booming economy" and high concentration of jobs have led to crowding issues．In 2016， Luxembourg had 662 cars per 1，000 people， and driving is a "primary means of transportation" for people． That year， drivers in Luxembourg City spentan average of 33 hours in traffic jams． It fared worse than European cities Copenhagen and Helsinki，（7） which have comparable population sizes to all of Luxembourg - yet drivers in both only spent an average of 24 hours intraffic． Park and rides around Luxembourg's borders in the three neighboring countries， however， will encourage commuters to use free mass transit．Free transport for allLuxembourg's public transport system covers the whole country and costs $562million per year to run． The government is putting up the cost of it free so thatthe people can benefit from the good economy． People still hold the concern （8）that making transport free may unintentionally prevent people who would normallywalk or cycle in urban areas．（9） Instead of walking 500 meters， peoplesee a bus coming and they say， "We can get on and travel 500 meters （10）because it's free"． However， the new scheme can signal important changes ahead when it comes to Luxembourg's reliance on driving．The government might say， "It's important that you throw away your car， and look， we made public transport free - and maybe this is helpful given the enormous cultural shift we need．"Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from thebox.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than youneed.15．(★★★)A． combination B． regrettably C． embarrassingD． discomfort E． composed F． respectively G． delivered H． typical I． limitations J． accompanied K． evidentAt the Oscars， Parasite Makes Best Picture HistoryAt Sunday's Oscars， on a night when almost everything went as planned and as usual， the one true surprise came in the biggest moment of all．For the first time ever， a film in a foreign language won Best Picture whenBong Joon-ho's Parasite， a comedy-drama-thriller about class and secrets， tookthe big prize． Bong also won the awards for Best Director and Best Original Screenplay． He（1） G three warm and generous speeches， including one whenhe won for his directing and thanked fellow nominees （被提名的人） Martin Scorseseand Quentin Tarantino for inspiring him and contributing to the progress of his career，（2） F ．And， while he gave most of his speeches in Korean with interpreter Sharon Choi，when he won the first one， he stopped and noted in English： "This is very first Oscar to South Korea．" The affection in the room for the film was（3） Kevery time it was mentioned， as well as in its great competition of award． Theevening began three and a half hours earlier with a（n）（4） A of the old and the new： the kind of themed singing-dancing number that used to be the （5） H Oscars opening， but in the absence of a traditional host， it was performed by the thoroughly modern Janelle Monáe． A version of her own song Come Alive was （6）J by dancers dressed in costumes showing respect to black filmmakers． The speech that followed， however， was much more（7） C and unpleasant，despite the best efforts of Chris Rock and Steve Martin， the latter of whom （8）B blew the name of best actress nominee Cynthia Erivo．The awards in general have been heavily criticized for how white the nominees are， the failure to nominate any women directors in a year when several madehighly regarded films， and plenty of other lack of inclusivity． The Academy's （9）D with that criticism seemed evident： There may not have been a lot of performers of color among the nominees， but there were a lot among the presenters and speakers and performers． Several presenters made mention of the （10） Iat issue， which is the kind of thing that happens when people are placed in a situation they don't want to ignore but also aren't there to challenge too much．III.Reading Comprehension Section ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．(★★★)Facial-Recognition Technology Cannot Read EmotionsDo not believe claims that facial-recognition technology can accuratelyidentify people's emotions， advised several scientists at the 2020 AAAS Annual Meeting in Seattle．Such claims that a photo of a face can be easily（1） B are based on a flawed theory that we smile when we are happy and scowl（沉下脸）when angry， said Professor Aleix Martinez． "There's no way that technology will ever be able to detect （2） A that you're experiencing following that approach，" Martinez said．Research shows that， on average， people scowl only 30% of the time that they are angry， said Lisa Feldman Barrett， professor of psychology at Northeastern University． The rest of the time， they make other faces when they are angry， she said．（3） D ， people may scowl for other reasons - "when they're concentrating， when someone tells them a bad joke，" she said． "Any AI that is claiming to detect a scowl and interpreting it as anger has some real （4）B ．"So much goes into communicating our emotions beyond our （5） C movements． Other factors involving little use of language include our body pose，body movement and hormone responses like those that cause one's face to go red from embarrassment or （6） C ， said Martinez．Martinez offered an example of the importance of having enoughinformation． For instance， when he showed people a photo of a（7） A man with his mouth wide open and his eyes nearly closed， most thought the man was extremely angry， his research showed． Yet anyone viewing the context - that the subject was a soccer player - could（8） D that he was displaying excitement while celebrating a goal．A mistake like this may not matter much， but so-called emotion-recognition technology has a larger reach． The technology's（9）B to incorporate facial movements could have serious， even dangerous outcomes， said Martinez． AI is sometimes used in classrooms， in the judicial （司法的） system and in hiring for jobs， he noted． Many of these systems learn from U．S． and European data（10）A by white people． Such inputs could negatively impact， for instance， the hiring of candidates of other races， Martinez said． "I think we have to take seriously the （11） C in which this AI is being used，" said Barrett．Seth Pollak， professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison，shared research about the （12） D of our ability to understand facial expressions and emotions． For several decades， scientists thought that infants arrived into the world with a little understanding about emotions， Pollaksaid． To the contrary， babies do not express （13） A emotions． They have a distress system that broadcasts whether they are OK or not． Children learn about emotions beyond good or bad， and research shows that even with incredibly brief levels of exposure to contextual information， very young children start to change how they （14） B their inferences about other people's emotions． "Human brains are actually able to （15） D patterns and make inferences about what might be happening at a sophisticated computational level with actually very little experience．" he said．（1）A． recognized B． interpreted C． noticed D． realized（2）A． emotions B． experiences C． incidents D． impacts（3）A． Therefore B． However C． Anyway D． Additionally （4）A． outlooks B． problems C． results D． mysteries（5）A． body B． brain C． facial D． gesture（6）A． disappointmentB． unemotionality C． excitement D． shock（7）A． red-faced B． long-eyed C． round-shoulderedD． short-haired（8）A． propose B． ensure C． indicate D． infer （9）A． failure B． capability C． fight D． initiative（10）A． dominated B． calculated C． concluded D． preserved（11）A． approach B． direction C． context D． contest（12）A． varieties B． differences C． resources D． origins（13）A． specific B． internal C． strong D． uncomfortable （14）A． pick B． categorize C． express D． expect（15）A． take out B． bring out C． carry out D． figure outSection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．(★★★)Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up．"There's a [cyclone] coming， Em，" he called to his wife． "I'll go lookafter the stock．" Then he ran toward the sheds where the cows and horses were kept． Aunt Em dropped her work and came to the door． One glance told her of the danger close at hand． "Quick， Dorothy!" she screamed． "Run for the cellar!" Toto jumped out of Dorothy's arms and hid under the bed， and the girl started to get him． Aunt Em， badly frightened， threw open the trap door in the floor andclimbed down the ladder into the small， dark hole． Dorothy caught Toto at lastand started to follow her aunt． When she was halfway across the room there came a great roar from the wind， and the house shook so hard that she lost her footingand sat down suddenly upon the floor．Then a strange thing happened． The house circled around two or three times and rose slowly through the air． Dorothy felt as if she were going up in aballoon． It was very dark， and the wind blew horribly around her， but Dorothy found she was riding quite easily． After the first few twists and turns， and one other time when the house tipped badly， she felt as if she were being rocked gently， like a baby in a cradle（摇篮）． Toto did not like it． He ran about the room， now here， now there， barking loudly； but Dorothy sat quite still on the floor and waited to see what would happen．At last she crawled over the swinging floor to her bed， and lay down upon it；and Toto followed and lay down beside her． In spite of the swinging of the house and the crying of the wind， Dorothy soon closed her eyes and fell fast asleep．（1）What does the underlined word " [cyclone]" in paragraph 2 probably mean？DA． deadlineB． floodC． monsterD． tornado（2）Why did Aunt Em go into the hole in the floor when the cyclone approached？BA． To find the puppy Toto．B． To find shelter from the cyclone．C． To protect their fortune．D． To get tools to help Henry．（3）Which of the following is True about Dorothy？ DA． She managed to control the house．B． She found herself flying in a balloon．C． She turned baby crying loudly．D． She remained undisturbed with Toto．（4）Which words can be used to describe Dorothy in the emergency？ CA． Afraid and brave．B． Curious and tired．C． Flexible and calm．D． Excited and thrilled．18．(★★★)The Apollo Missions"That's one small step for a man． One giant leap for mankind．"- Neil ArmstrongApollo's GoalsThe national effort that enabled Astronaut Neil Armstrong to speak those words as he stepped onto the lunar surface fulfilled a dream as old as humanity． Project Apollo's goals went beyond landing Americans on the moon and returning them safely to Earth．Apollo 13Apollo 13 has been called a "successful failure，" because the crew never landed on the Moon， but they made it home safely after an explosion crippled their ship． When the associated heater was turned on during flight， the tank exploded depleting almost all of the power from the command module and forcing the crew to use the lunar module as a lifeboat． Jim Lovell， Fred Haise and Jack Swigert came home safely thanks to the mission control team's improvised procedures and their own ability to implement them．（Launch： April 11， 1970； splashdown： April 17）Apollo 14Notable for the return of America's first astronaut， Alan Shepard， to space，Apollo 14 also was probably the smoothest lunar landing to that point． The crew spent more than nine hours outside the lunar module and set up a number of experiments． Shepard set a new distance record by walking more than 9，000 feet on the lunar surface， pulling a hand cart to carry their tools and samples．（Launch： Jan． 31， 1971： lunar landing： Feb． 5： splashdown， Feb． 9）Apollo 15For the first time， humans drove a car on the Moon． The first of the Apollo "J" Missions-designed for longer stays on the Moon - the mission carried a lunar rover， which Commander David Scott and Lunar Module Pilot James Irwin used while they were on the surface for more than I8 hours． They traveled more than 17 miles in the rover， setting up experiments and collecting 170 pounds of samples． Before leaving the lunar surface， Scott conducted an experiment to test Galileo's theory that objects in vacuum， without air resistance， would fall at the same rate． He dropped a geological hammer and a feather， which hit the ground at the same time，proving Galileo right．（Launch： July 26， 1971， lunar landing： July 30： splashdown： Aug． 7）（1）Why has Apollo 13 been called a "successful failure"？ CA．Apollo 13 finally exploded as planned in space．B．All the crew succeeded in landing on the Moon．C．The crew managed to escape from a severe accident and returned to Earth．D．The crew finished the experiment although they failed to land on the Moon．（2）Which of the following is True according to the passage？ AA．It took five days for Apollo 14 to reach the Moon．B．The lunar rover was used as a lifeboat for space travel．C．Shepard tested Galileo's theory successfully on the Moon．D．Apollo 15 remained in space for the shortest period of time．（3）Which of the following column is this article most likely to be found？ B A． Booming ScienceB． Exploring the UnknownC． Mechanical WorldD． Transforming Moon19．(★★★)The story of chocolate begins with the discovery of America in 1492． Columbus was the first European to come into contact with cacao． Columbuswas struck by how much value the Indians placed on them as he did not know the beans were used by currency． It is unlikely that Columbus brought any of these beans back to Spain and it was not until about 25 years later that Cortez grasped the commercial possibilities when he found the Aztecs using the beans to make the royal drink "chocolatl"．The Spanish， in general， were not fond of the bitter drink so Cortez and his followers made it more [palatable] by adding cane sugar and later cinnamon and vanilla were added． Spanish monks let the secret out back home and， although the Spanish hid it from their neighbors for a hundred years， finally chocolate's popularity grew until it was their fashionable drink at the French court and the wise choice of customers at London meeting houses．The cacao tree is strictly a tropical plant only in hot， rainy climates． Thus，its cultivation is limited to countries not more than 20 degrees north or south of the equator （赤道）． The cacao tree is very delicate and sensitive． It needs protection from the wind and requires a fair amount of shade under most conditions． This is true especially in its first two or three years of growth． A newly planted young cacao tree is often sheltered by a different type of trees． It is normal to plant food crops for shade such as bananas， plantain， coconuts or cocoyams． Rubber trees and forest trees are also used for shade． Once established，however， cacao trees can grow in full sunlight， provided there are fertile soil conditions and intensive farming． With cutting and carful cultivation， the treesof strains will begin bearing fruit in the fifth year． With extreme care， some strains can be stimulated to produce good crops in the third and fourth year．The process of turning cacao into chocolate hasn't changed much since the Swiss made the major breakthroughs in the process in the late 1800s． First the beans go through a process of fermentation （发酵） and drying． They are then sorted by hand before cleaning and then roasting． Winnowing （风扬） follows which removes the hard outer layers and leaves what is as the "grains"． A crushing and heating process known as Hunte's Process is then used to remove nearly half of the cocoa butter from the nibs． This makes unsweetened chocolate． Basic eating chocolate is made from a mixture of the unsweetened chocolate with some of the cocoa butteralong with other ingredients such as sugar and vanilla． The resulting product is then "purified" and this purifying gives chocolate the silky texture that we knowso well． The finished result is then shaped， cooled， packaged by machine，distributed， sold and of course， eaten!（1）Why didn't Columbus bring beans back to Spain at once when he found cacao？CA．Because he couldn't afford to buy the cacao bean．B．Because he didn't know how to turn cacao bean into chocolate．C．Because he was not aware of the monetary value of cacao bean then．D．Because Spaniards then didn't favour the chocolate that the Aztecs originally drank．（2）The underlined word " [palatable]" in paragraph 2 probably means B ．A． affordableB． agreeableC． patentD． portable（3）Which of the following is correct about cacao tree？ BA．Cacao trees need a lot of looking after to be used commercially．B．Cacao trees require hot， rainy climates and adequate sunlight．C．Cacao trees won't produce fruit until the fifth year．D．Cacao trees can grow well in all continents．（4）Which is the correct order of turning cocoa into chocolate？ D①The chocolate is reheated to melt it， put into patterns and then cooled to make its final shapes．②The beans are harvested on the farm．③Some cocoa butter is then obtained using Hunte's Process to make cooking chocolate．④The cooking chocolate is then mixed with other ingredients to make the various types of eating chocolate available today．⑤The beans are winnowed after fermentation and drying and these two processes produce the grains．⑥The finished product is wrapped， sent to shops and then sold．A．②①③④⑤⑥B．②③①⑤④⑥C．②④⑤①③⑥D．②⑤③④①⑥Section CDirections：Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．(★★)A．If nothing else， the work suggests the extraordinary skills of the dog．B．The dogs weren't able to see or smell the difference between these objects．C．But dogs' thermal detection skills may not be useful for long distance hunting．D．Most mammals have naked， smooth skin on the tips of their noses around the nostrils （鼻孔）．E．Dogs track prey "not by sight or sound or smell， but by some other and subtler sense"．F．Together， the two experiments show that dogs， like vampire bats， can sense weak hot spots．New sense discovered in dog noses： the ability to detect heatDogs' noses are amazing． Not only are they up to 100 million times more sensitive than ours， they can sense weak thermal radiation- the body heat of mammalian （哺乳动物的） prey， a new study reveals． The find helps explain howdogs with damaged sight， hearing， or smell can still hunt successfully．"It's a fascinating discovery，" says Marc Bekoff， an expert on dog sniffing （嗅探）． "It provides yet another window into the sensory worlds of dogs' highly evolved cold noses．" The ability to sense weak， radiating heat is known in only some animals： black fire beetles， certain snakes， and one species of mammal，the common vampire bat， all of which use it to hunt prey．（1） D But thetips of dogs' noses are moist， colder than the surrounding temperature， andrichly endowed with nerves-all of which suggests an ability to detect not just smell， but heat．To test the idea， researchers at Lund University trained three pet dogs to choose between a warm （31°C） and a surrounding-temperature object， each placed 1.6 meters away．（2） B （Scientists could only detect the difference by touching the surfaces．） After training， the dogs were tested on their skill in double-blind experiments； all three successfully detected the objects emitting weak thermal radiation．Next， the researchers scanned the brains of 13 pet dogs of various breeds while presenting the dogs with objects emitting neutral or weak thermalradiation． The left somatosensory cortex in dogs' brains， was more responsive to the warm thermal stimulus than to the neutral one． The scientists identified a group of 14 voxels （体素） in this region of the dogs' left brains ， but didn't find any in the right， and none in any part of the dogs' brains in response to the neutral stimulus．（3） F Also， a specific region of their brains is activated by this infrared （relating to a type of light） radiation， the scientists say． They suspect dogs inherited the ability from their ancestor， the gray wolf， who mayuse it to sniff out warm bodies during a hunt．"The study is consistent with other research that describes the combined dog nose and brain as a highly complicated platform for processing a broad range of signals，" says Gary Settles， a professor of mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State University． "The dog nose can distinguish patterns of hot and cold objects at a distance，" he said． " （4） C That needs further study．"IV.Summary Writing21．(★★)Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．How Do Our Phones Affect Our Parenting？As a pediatrician （儿科医生）， I have researched how mobile phone use affects family dynamics． The parent-child relationship is central to children's social and emotional health and life success - yet I also see how more and more family interactions interrupted by mobile devices …including my own．。
2020届上海青浦高级中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案
2020届上海青浦高级中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANo one knows when the first printing press was invented or who invented it. but the oldest known printed text originated in China during the first millennium (千年) AD.The Diamond Sutra (《金刚经》), a Buddhist book from Dunhuang, China during the Tang Dynasty, is said to be the oldest known printed book.The Diamond Sutrawas created with a method known as block printing (雕版印刷), which used boards of hand-carved wood blocks in reverse.It was said that the moveable type was developed by Bi Sheng. He was fromYingshan,Hubei,China, living from 970 to 1051 AD. His method replaced panels of printing blocks with moveable individual Chinese characters that could be reused. The first moveable Chinese Characters were carved into clay and baked into hard blocks that were then arranged onto an iron frame that was pressed against an iron plate.The earliest mention of Bi Sheng’s printing press is in the bookDream Pool Essays, written in 1086 by Shen Kuo, who noted that his nephews came into possession of Bi Sheng’s typefaces (字体) after his death. Shen Kuo explained that Bi Sheng did not use wood because the texture is inconsistent (不一致的) and absorbs wetness too easily.By the time of the Southern Song Dynasty, which ruled from 1127 to 1279 AD, books had become popular in society and helped create a scholarly class of citizens who had the capabilities to become civil servants. Large printed book collections also became a status symbol for the wealthy class.1. When was Bi Sheng’s printing press first introduced in history?A. After Bi Sheng died and his nephews owned his typefaces.B. When books became popular in the Southern Song Dynasty.C. After the block printing was replaced by the moveable type printing.D. WhenThe Diamond Sutrawas printed into a book.2. What can we infer from the passage?A. Shen Kuo made great contributions to printing.B. The moveable type printing was invented earlier than block printing.C. Printed books were hard to get in the Song Dynasty.D. By the Southern Song Dynasty, books had helped people get to higher social positions.3. Why does the author write this passage?A. To show that Buddhism was popular in the Tang Dynasty.B. To introduce the early history of printing.C. To memorize Bi Sheng, developing the moveable type printing.D. To indicate the advantages of moveable type printing.BMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.4. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous5. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition6. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.7. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesCA 10-year-old swimmer with sky-high dreams and a name to match them has broken a record previously held by Olympian Michael Phelps.Clark Kent Apuada, whose friends call him“Superman", swam the 100-meter butterfly in 1:09.38 at the Far Western Long Course Championships in his home state of California this Sunday. That's a second faster than the record Phelps set at the same event in 1995 with a time of 1: 10. 48 in the same category of boys under 10.Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clarksaid about his win."I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the mostdecoratedOlympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim they had just seen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.Clarkwon first place for all the swimming events he competed in at this year's Far Western Championships. Pacific Swimming or PacSwim, a regional association that is part of USA Swimming, organizes the Far Western Long Course Championships. Cynthia Apuada,Clark' s mother,said that her child seems to be “living by his name at this point”。
2020年青浦区高三英语二模听力稿和参考答案
青浦区 2019 学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷听力文字稿Q2020.05I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.W: This room is fantastic. How much is the rent?M: It’s $250 a month unfurnished or $300 furnished. Utilities are 50 extra.Q: How much will it cost the man to rent a furnished room including utilities?2.M: Hey, Mandy, aren’t you and Jeff going to Korea in July?W: We had thought to go there in August, but the travel agency gave us a discount if we go there in October.Q: When will Mandy probably go to Korea?3.W: Do you have some magic tablets? I have an exam to pass tomorrow.M: In such an emergency, you need injections.Q: What does the man mean?4.W: Excuse me. I’d like to place an advertisement for a used car in your paper.M: OK, but you have to run your advertisement all week.Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?5.W: Emily’s voice sounds awful. I could barely hear her.M: Yes. She’s got a terrible sore throat. The doctor said she shouldn’t even attempt to whisper. Q: What can we learn about Emily from the conversation?6.W: I wasn’t sure whether the book I lent you was the kind you would have any interest in.M: Nonsense. I can hardly tear myself away from it.Q: What does the man think of the book?7.M: How did the lecture go?W: Oh, you should have seen those young people. Thirsty for knowledge, drinking in my wisdom. Q: What does the woman mean?8.M: A fter high school, I’d like to go to college and major in business administration.W: But I’d rather spend my college days finding out how children learn.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?9.M: Walk to the park? You must be kidding! It takes only five minutes to drive there.W: If I had remembered to charge my car.Q: What can be learned from the conversation?10.M: This old typewriter has been sitting on the spare desk all semester. It’s just gathering dust from what I can see.W: We’d better ask someone to get rid of it so that we can use this space.Q: What does the woman mean?Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions on the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.As a result of rising university costs, many students are finding it necessary to take on part- time jobs. To make finding those jobs easier, the placement services put together a listing of what’s available locally. For some students, these part-time jobs could lead to full time work after graduation, as they may offer experience in their own fields, whether it is finance, marketing or even management.For example, National Saving Bank offers a job on a half time basis. That’s twenty hours a week. Stores and restaurants have positions requiring fewer hours. Even less time is expected of those providing child-care. We have a number of families registered with us who were looking for baby sitters for as few as 4 hours a week. For students who prefer outdoor work, there are seasonal positions right on campus, working with the gardening and landscaping teams. These often require the most time and are the least flexible in terms of scheduling.To see a complete list of these and other available jobs, including the salary offered and the hours required, stop by our office. Oh, and be sure to bring a resume with you. When you find something that interests you, we’ll put you in touch with the person offering it. In addition, our counselors will give you hints about successful interviewing.(Now listen again.)Questions:11.Which of the following position requires the fewest working hours?12.What will the counselors at the office help students do?13.What is the purpose of the speech?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.This is Radiolab. Here are the short news items.In September, the U.S. scientific satellite MAVEN entered an orbit around Mars, with the mission of learning what happened on the Red Planet’s atmosphere and water. MAVEN’s principal investigator Bruce Jakosky says scientists now know that Mars once had a much denser atmosphere and that it has changed significantly over the last few billion years. What they still don’t know is how and why that happened.Scientists have been experimenting with four-legged robots for years, trying to see if they could be used as pack animals for carrying heavy loads over a difficult terrain. But the machine’s power requirements limited their potential. That’s changed, with a running robot designed by a group of engineers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology that operates on batteries rather than heavy gasoline-powered engines.People often blame Hollywood movies, U.S. television shows and fast food for spreading American culture around the world. But a college entrance exam? Some people are criticizing planned changes to the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT, as an attempt to spread American values to students overseas. Since 2016, the SAT has required test-takers to read from parts of the U.S. Constitution, the Declaration of Independence or other historical documents.(Now listen again.)Questions:14.Why was scientific satellite MAVEN sent to space?15.What is scientists’ latest research on robots?16.What is the SAT accused of?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: Hi, Catherine. Come on in.W: Uh, yeah, I stopped by to see if you were still looking for a roommate to share your house. M: Yep, I sure am. Ever since I reduce on my working hours to go to school, I have been really short on cash. Hey, let me show you around the place. Uh, here’s the living room.W: Oh, It looks like you could use a new carpet…and those stains?M: Well. I’ve had a few problems with some former roommates. I know it needs to be cleaned, butI just don’t have the money to do it right now.W: Oh. And what about the kitchen?M: Right this way. Look. It’s completely furnished with all the latest appliances, except…Well, the refrigerator door is broken…a little bit…and it won’t shut all the way. It needs fixing, but don’t worry. I’ve pushed a box against it to keep it shut.W: Hmm. Great. Well, how about the bathroom? No, no. Don’t tell me. The toilet is blocked or the sink has a few leaks.M: No, those work well. Well, there’s another slight problem—the windo ws. I’ve put up a piece of cardboard to keep out the rain and snow, and if it gets a little cold, you can always turn up the heat.W: Hey, I think I’ve seen enough. I can’t believe you’ve survived under these conditions.M: So what do you think? You really can’t beat a place like this for $450 a month. So it has its problems, but we can fix those.W: Oh, no, thank you. I think I will pass.(Now listen again!)Questions:17.Why does the man need to share his apartment with a roommate?18.Which of the following statements is true about the man’s house?19.What advantage does the man think his apartment has?20.What will the woman probably do after she has seen the place?That’s the end of listening. 听力部分到此结束。
2020届上海青浦高级中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析
2020届上海青浦高级中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项A“Why do I feel cold when I have a fever?” “Why does the sun rise in the east?” I knew the day would come when my little girl Sophie would learn to talk and inevitably (不可避免地) start askingthose questions. The questions themselves weren’t worrying me. I was actually looking forward to seeing where her curiosity would lie.What was bothering (烦恼) me was whether or not I would know the answers. In the age of the smartphone, this may seem like a silly worry. The answers to almost everything would be just one Google away.Still, I struggled with how I was going to prepare to become an all-knowing mother. Then one day, it struck me: I didn’t need to have all the answers. What a great example I could set if I let my daughter know that I, too, was still learning. And I realized how much more I could learn if I took another look at things I thought I already knew the answer to with the curiosity of a child. My little girl’s mind is a beginner’s mind--- curious, open to new ideas, eager to learn, and not based on knowledge that already exists. I decided that I would deal with her questions with a beginner’s mind, too.Once I decided to become more curious, I started noticing that curiosity was becoming more important in the workplace, too. It seems that leaders don't need to have all the answers, but they do need to be curious.Curious about curiosity, I searched for answers and found Albert Einstein’s famous words, “I have no special talent. I am only passionately (热情地) curious.” We mightquibble overthe view that Einstein had no special talent, but there is one thing for certain---he wouldn't have solved the puzzles of the universe without his passionate curiosity. Then I came across another Einstein quote, “The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason or existence.”1. The advantage of having a beginner’s mind is that ________.A. people can learn much faster.B. people won't be afraid to make mistakes.C. people are willing to receive new things.D. people won't be expected to answer all questions.2. What does the example of Einstein’s words show?A. Einstein was passionate about curiosity.B. Einstein’s quotes are very famous.C. Curiosity is of great significance.D. Curiosity is more necessary than talent.3. What does the underlined phrase “quibble over” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Fight against.B. Argue about.C. Work out.D. Agree withBBritish anthropologists (人类学家) Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham, after studying the results of one-on-one boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling matches at the Olympic Games, conclude that when two competitors are equally matched in fitness and skill, the athlete wearing red is more likely to win.Hill and Barton report that when one competitor is much better than the other, colour has no effect on the result. However, when there is only a small difference between them, the effect of colour is enoughtipthe balance. The anthropologists say that the number of times red wins is not simply by chance, but that these results are statistically significant.Joanna Setchell, a primate (灵长目动物) researcher at the University of Cambridge, has found similar results in nature. She studies the large African monkeys known as mandrills. Mandrills have bright red noses that stand out against their white faces. Setchell’s work shows that the powerful males — the ones who are more successful with females — have a brighter red nose than other males.As well as the studies on primates by Setchell, another study shows the effect of red among birds. In an experiment, scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male zebra finches and this increased the birds’ success with female zebra finches, Zebra finches already have bright red beaks (鸟喙), so this study suggests that, as with Olympic athletes, an extra flash of red is significant. In fact, researchers from theUniversityofGlasgowsay that the birds’ brightly coloured beaks are an indicator of health. Jonathan Blount, a biologist, andhis colleagues think they have found proof that bright red or orange beaks attract females because they mean that the males are healthier. Nothing in nature is simple, however, because in species such as the blue footed booby, a completely different colour seems to give the male birds the same advantage with females.Meanwhile, what about those athletes who win in their events while wearing red? Do their clothes give them an unintentional advantage? Robert Barton accepts that “that is the implication” of their findings. Is it time for sports authorities to consider new regulations on sports clothing?4. According to their research. Hill and Barton conclude that ________.A. the colour of clothing has an effect on most sport eventsB. red should be the choice of colour for clothing in sportsC. red plays a role when competitors are equally capableD. athletes perform better when surrounded by bright red5. The underlined word “tip” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.A. achieveB. advanceC. keepD. change6. The example of the blue footed booby proves that ________.A. male birds use different body parts to draw attentionB. red is not the only colour to attract female birdsC. blue gives female birds the same advantageD. blue can indicate how healthy a bird is7. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The colour red gives male animals the most advantage.B. Male zebra finches prefer to have red plastic rings on their legs.C. Rules on sports clothing are going to be changed.D. Athletes wearing red may have an advantage over their opponents.CI was at my parent’s dinner table. Before me was a worn journal of thin and discolor1 ed pages. It was my grandfather’s journal and now belonged to my father. My grandfather had passed away in the months leading up to my birth. I never got to visit the places he had frequented and the people who had been a part of his life’s journey.I was now about to enter his world, through the words he had left behind. Within minutes, I wascaptivatedby the power of the written words. In the magical script (笔迹) before me, I was transported to another age when food was an everyday art, planned, prepared and enjoyed in the company of others, and a time when people had the heart to pause their own lives to embrace (拥抱) each other’s struggles. All this was conveyed to me in the beauty of the words that flowed together to connect with the writer’s mind and understand the world they lived in.That kind of writing seems to be lost on us today. We have gotten used to writing in bite-sized pieces for a public looking for entertainment, and hungry for information. No wonder, there are nearly 200 million bloggers onthe Internet and a new blog is created somewhere in the world every half a second. Instead of adding to our collective wisdom, most of these writings reflectthe superficiality (肤浅) and impatience of our day and age.This not only robs us of the skill of writing impressive essays, it also prevents us from exploring what is indeed important. Writing humbles (使谦卑) us in a way that is vital for our character growth, by reminding us about the limits of the self and our appropriate place in the vast flow of life. Writing frees us by helping us explore the unknown so that we really open up to magic of the world around us. I saw all of this in the writing of my grandfather. And I’ve seen it again and again in the writings of the greatest thinkers of humanity. Their writing reflect deep thought on issues of human importance.8. The underlined word “captivated” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “________”.A. puzzledB. frightenedC. attractedD. defeated9. In the author’s grandfather’s age, people ________.A. lived a hard lifeB. cared about each otherC. were fond of writingD. treated food as an art10. The author begins the text with her grandfather’s journal in order to ________.A. show her respect to her grandfatherB. present the importance of good writingC. express her interest in reading as well as writingD. raise the problems with today’s writing11. In the last paragraph, the author is trying to _________.A. discuss what good writing is likeB. express her strong desire to learn writing skillsC. stress the effects of her grandfather’s journal on herD. show her admiration for her grandfather’s writingDIvrea is a town in the Piedmont province of northern Italy. It is known for its localcarnival（狂欢节）organized in February.The main part of the carnival is the famous Battle of the Oranges (La battaglia delle arance). The Battle includes nine teams who throw oranges at each other during three carnival days – Sunday, Monday and Tuesday.Oranges were not always used in the battle. In the middle ages people used beans. Twice a year the localfeudal lord gave a pot of beans to the poor families who, as sign of rebellion, threw them out of their homes. Later beans became part of carnival as sort of “ammunition” for throwing at people passing by.It is still not known why exactly people started using oranges. It is believed that the origin for this tradition is in the mid 19th century. The legend says that local girls, standing on balconies, started to throw some oranges, together with confetti,lupins(白羽扇豆)and flowers, onto the parade carriages. The girls actually wanted to draw attention of boysin the carriages. Boys “answered” by throwing some objects back at girls. Little battle started that way.Battle of the Oranges got strict rules after the World War II. The battles are organized on town's squares. The battles are fought between teams in carriages (symbolizing local the guards of localtyrant(恶霸)) and the teams walking beside those carriages (symbolizing rebellious people of Ivrea).Oranges for the event are brought from the island of Sicily. The oranges used are of low quality, not suitable for humans. About 270,000 kilograms of oranges are used each year.The carnival ends with a silent march on the night of “Fat Tuesday”. The Carnival "general" says goodbye to everyone with the phrase "See you next Fat Thursday at 1 p.m."Special prizes are awarded to three best foot teams, three carriages drawn by two horses and three carriages drawn by four horses. Different elements are judged like for example throwing ability, fair play or decoration of carriages.12. The word "ammunition" (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to________.A. decorationB. bulletsC. advertisementD. presents13. In Battle of the Oranges, the teams walking beside carriages act as ________.A. the Carnival generalB. the local feudal lordC. the rebellious people of IvreaD. the guards of local tyrant(暴君)14. Which of the following statements about Battle of the Oranges is NOT true?A. In the middle ages, people threw beans out of homes as a sign of rebellion.B. Girls throw oranges towards carriages in the parade to attract the attention of boys inside.C. Tons of oranges are used every year to hold the festival.D. People started to throw oranges because they are of low quality and not suitable to eat.15. What is this passage mainly about?A. A traditional activity in an Italian carnivalB. The origin of Battle of the OrangeC. How people enjoy themselves in the Orange CarnivalD. The rules of activities in carnivals in Italy第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海青浦高级中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案
2020届上海青浦高级中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen you grow up in Voss, outdoor adventures become a way of living. This is why visitors will find outdoor activities for all ages and levels. Many people get the impression that such activities as river sports, air sports and other extreme sports are only for the experts. Actually, you will find many outdoor adventures for those who simply want a taste of these elements in Voss.◆River KayakingThe river in Voss are great for river kayaking. If you are a beginner, we advise you to try an introduction course of 3 hours. A course of 2 days can be tested out if you really want to learn the sport of kayaking. Get a totally new experience with one of the best kayak centers inNorway.Prices From NOK 850 per person◆RaftingThe most popular summer activity in Voss. Thrilling, fun and suitable for beginners as well as those with experience! Includes transportation, safety instruction, swim test and about8kmof breathtaking rafting starting off in softer steams before getting on to the more exciting streams.Season Daily May—OctoberPrices From NOK 1,120Info All necessary equipment is provided. Please bring your own swimwear and towel.◆Bavallsekspressen Chair LiftExplore the mountain by riding the Bavallsekpressen chair lift all the way to the top to get immediate access to a great variety of hiking trails in beautiful scenery. The lift is also open for those who want to bring their bike or paraglider. Start and end: From Bavallen to Hangurstoppen.Season: Sat/Sun 24 June—06 August 12:00-16:00Prices Single trip: NOK 100 Day pass: NOK 250◆HusdyrparkenAt Husdyrparken, visitors get to experience Norwegian farm animals. You can participate in animal feeding and farm competitions, or simply relax with an organic ice cream in the café. You can also visit a small museumwith old farming equipment.Season: Daily 18 June—21 AugustPrices: Adults NOK 120 Children NOK 60 Senior NOK 60Family Pass NOK 200 (For up to two adults and two kids)1. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. Local residents.B. Professional athletes.C. Travel experts.D. Common Tourists.2. Which of the following activities provide instructions for beginners?A. River Kayaking and Rafting.B. Husdyrparken and River Kayaking.C. Rafting and Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift.D. Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift and Husdyrparken.3. How much should Jan pay for a farm trip with her little son and her mother in Voss?A. NOK 240.B. NOK 200.C. NOK 180.D. NOK 120.BPaper is one of our oldest, simplest and most important inventions. But it also presents a danger to the world in two important ways. First, the making of paper requires the loss of many millions of trees each year. And worldwide use of paper is expected to double in the next 40 years. Clearly, the planet cannot stand such a high rate of forest loss. The second great problem with paper is what happens once it is no longer useful. A large amount of wastepaper ends up in landfills, where it can produce harmful gases and finally contribute to global climate change.One simple solution can greatly reduce both of these problems: paper recycling. Instead of cutting down trees, recycle existing paper to feed the paper-making process.Paper is mainly made from cellulose (纤维素)，which can be used repeatedly in papermaking. Unfortunately, it also means that paper waste takes a surprisingly long time to break down in landfills. So far, trees are the only source(来源) of cellulose that can fill the great demand for paper products. Therefore, recycling paper is simply one of the best ways to save trees. Thanks to advances in processing, recycled paper need not be the dark-color1 edstuff many of us are familiar with. It now can offer the same print performance as non-recycled paper.Effective recycling requires a continuous effort from everyone at all levels of society. The way to begin is with education and understanding. Once enough people realize the need for recycling, more effective recycling systems can be developed.The need is real. The massive loss of trees affects everybody on earth. Everyone should do their part to recycle paper and encourage government and industry to do the same. The world will be a better place for it!4. What can we infer from the text?A. The use of recycled paper will double in 40 years.B. Recycling paper helps relieve global climate change.C. Wastepaper can easily break down in landfills.D. There are not enough landfills for wastepaper.5. What makes recycled paper more acceptable?A. The great demand of trees.B. The low processing cost.C. Its dark-color1 ed feature.D. Its improved print performance.6. What does the author propose?A. Punishing the act of cutting trees.B. Recycling paper.C. Improving recycling system.D. Promoting paper industry.7. How is the text mainly developed?A. By analyzing causes and effects.B. By offering research plans and data.C. By discussing problems and solutions.D. By comparing strengths and weaknesses.CYou must have read "The Tortoise and the Hare(《龟兔赛跑》)" when you were younger. So which animal are you? The tortoise or the hare? Do you rush around trying to do things as quickly as possible? Or do you deal your work at a slow , but steady(稳定的)pace? Whether you approach life like the tortoise or the hare can make a difference in the results you'll see.Some will say that you should avoid being like the hare. After all. he was overconfident and finally lost the race. You mayalso have heard teachers say from time to time that "haste makes waste”. But what does that mean? Most people think it meant that the faster you do something,the more likely it is that you'll make mistakes. Many teaches wantyouto approach your schoolwork thoughtfully and carefully.But does haste always make waste? Not necessarily ! Some people are able to work quickly while also maintaining(保持)a high level of quality in all that they do. Recent research, however, is making the idea of haste making waste seem more believableResearchers found that the brain changes into a special mode(模式)when forced to make rapid decisions. Overall, there appears to be a trade-off between speed and correctness. As the brain makes decisions morequickly, those decisions are usually built on less information, which often leads to a greater likelihood of mistakes.When you approach things like the tortoise. you methodically and steadily work towards your goal. You might not arrive there first, but then again you might! In any case, you're likely to make fewer mistakes and you might just enjoy the journey more than the bare.Goals are great to work towards, but often the achievements aren't what we remember. In the end, the most meaningful and important parts of our lives are the journeys we went on , not the destination we reached. So be the hare when you have to, but always remember that the slow and steady journey is what you’ll remember and treasure the most.8. Why does the author mention the story in the first paragraph?A. To introduce the topic.B. To show its popularity.C. To suggest its importance.D. To advise readers to read it.9. For what purpose do teachers often say “haste makes waste to students?A. To ask them not to waste their time.B. To tell them it is OK to make mistakes.C. To ask them to avoid making silly mistakes.D. To tell them they should check their schoolwork.10. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. How the brain collects the information it needs.B. When the decision made by the brain is correct.C. Why the quickly-made decision is often unwise.D. What the relationship between lime and results is.11. Which of the following may the author agree with?A. Finishing the race is often a victory for everyone.B. Joy is found not in finishing an activity but in doing it.C. The journey to every destination starts with a small step.D. A destination is important because it guides us on the journey.DFew people are aware that Waterloo Bridge, crossed by thousands of daily commuters (每天长途上下班的人) and celebrated as a London landmark, was mainly built by a female workforce.There are no written or photographic records ofthe women who built the bridge since the constructioncompany that built it closed in the 1980s and with it went all the records. What’s left is anecdotal evidence, kept alive by the tourist boat skippers who have called it theLadiesBridge.During the Second World War, with the majority of the active male labor-force away at the front, women increasingly took on traditionally male roles. By 1944, 25,000 women were working in the construction industry, carrying out back-breaking tasks. These women were permitted to carry out this exhausting and dangerous work on the basis that it would only be temporary and that their pay would be lower than that of men. So the surge (激增) in women working in construction and engineering did not continue after the war.September sees a series of events celebrating the unknown work of the large female workforce. Musician Claudia Molitor has created a 45-minute musical entitled “theSingingBridge”, which runs at Somerset House from Sept9th. to Sept25th. In late September, the “Light up the Ladies Bridge” event saw the National Theatre’s fly tower lit up by large scale photographic projections (投影片) of female construction workers working in construction during World War II.Let’s all celebrate the women who have helped to build the cities in which we live.12. Why do few people know about the builders ofWaterlooBridge?A. The records of their work have been lost.B. Female workers received little attention.C. The construction took place long ago.D. Few people know about the bridge.13. What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?A. There are less female workers inLondon.B.WaterlooBridgeis popular among artists.C. The story ofWaterlooBridgeis better known.D. Many works of art were created during World War II.14. Why didLondonwomen do the construction work?A. It was a tradition inLondon.B. They wanted to get a steady job.C. Mostmen had gone to the battlefield.D. The company offered them better pay.15. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Female Workers on the RiseB. A Hidden Treasure inLondonC. ANew LondonLandmarkD. The Story behind theLadiesBridge第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。