汽车专业英语--发动机
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Unit 2汽车专业英语(发动机)
译文：内燃机，顾名思义，就是燃料在气缸内部 燃烧，并且把燃烧时的膨胀力转化为驱动车辆的 旋转力。
II. Text Explanation
Convert…..into…. ①转变；变换 That building has been converted into a school. 那座楼房改成学校了。 ②兑换 I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars. 我想把一些港元换成美元。 ③改变信仰、党派或意见等 She managed to convert him to her opinion. 她终于设法说服了他接受她的意见。
Fuel supply system
Valve gear
III. Exercises
•Translate the following expressions into Chinese. 活塞 piston 曲轴 crankshaft 分电器 distributor 油底壳 sump 正时齿轮 timing gear crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism 曲柄连杆机构 配气机构 valve gear 燃油系统 fuel system 火花塞 Spark plug 排气歧管 exhaust manifold
Reading
In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction of motion. 换句话说，活塞每完成一次冲程就会改变运动方向。
In other words
In other words, they remain relatively constant or static. 换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。 In other words, we have adhered to scientific socialism. 也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义
II. Text Explanation
Convert…..into…. ①转变；变换 That building has been converted into a school. 那座楼房改成学校了。 ②兑换 I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars. 我想把一些港元换成美元。 ③改变信仰、党派或意见等 She managed to convert him to her opinion. 她终于设法说服了他接受她的意见。
Fuel supply system
Valve gear
III. Exercises
•Translate the following expressions into Chinese. 活塞 piston 曲轴 crankshaft 分电器 distributor 油底壳 sump 正时齿轮 timing gear crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism 曲柄连杆机构 配气机构 valve gear 燃油系统 fuel system 火花塞 Spark plug 排气歧管 exhaust manifold
Reading
In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction of motion. 换句话说，活塞每完成一次冲程就会改变运动方向。
In other words
In other words, they remain relatively constant or static. 换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。 In other words, we have adhered to scientific socialism. 也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义
汽车专业英语(发动机部分)
Engine surges or stalls
01
03 02
Fault symptoms and causes
• Engine runs rough or surges
Fault symptoms and causes
Engine leaks oil
Engine consumes oil excessively
01
02
03
04
定期检查机油、冷却液、 刹车液等是否充足。
定期更换空气滤清器、 机油滤清器和燃油滤清 器。
定期检查轮胎气压和磨 损情况，确保轮胎安全。
定期进行发动机和车身 的清洁，保持车辆整洁。
Engine oil and filter
01
02
03
04
正确选择机油的型号和粘度， 确保与发动机的要求相匹配。
used to connect to the OBD II port and retrieve diagnostic information.
Common troubleshooting
Check the battery and cables for corrosion or damage.
Check the air filter for blockage or damage.
电动汽车技术的应用
随着政府对环保政策的推动和消费者对环保的关注，电动汽车市场正在 不断增长。许多汽车品牌都在推出电动汽车或计划在未来推出相关车型， 如特斯拉、宝马和奥迪等。
Fuel cell technology
要点一
燃料电池技术
燃料电池是一种将燃料（通常是氢气 ）和氧化剂（通常是氧气）通过化学 反应转化为电能的装置。这种技术可 以提供清洁、高效的能源，并可用于 汽车和其他应用。
01
03 02
Fault symptoms and causes
• Engine runs rough or surges
Fault symptoms and causes
Engine leaks oil
Engine consumes oil excessively
01
02
03
04
定期检查机油、冷却液、 刹车液等是否充足。
定期更换空气滤清器、 机油滤清器和燃油滤清 器。
定期检查轮胎气压和磨 损情况，确保轮胎安全。
定期进行发动机和车身 的清洁，保持车辆整洁。
Engine oil and filter
01
02
03
04
正确选择机油的型号和粘度， 确保与发动机的要求相匹配。
used to connect to the OBD II port and retrieve diagnostic information.
Common troubleshooting
Check the battery and cables for corrosion or damage.
Check the air filter for blockage or damage.
电动汽车技术的应用
随着政府对环保政策的推动和消费者对环保的关注，电动汽车市场正在 不断增长。许多汽车品牌都在推出电动汽车或计划在未来推出相关车型， 如特斯拉、宝马和奥迪等。
Fuel cell technology
要点一
燃料电池技术
燃料电池是一种将燃料（通常是氢气 ）和氧化剂（通常是氧气）通过化学 反应转化为电能的装置。这种技术可 以提供清洁、高效的能源，并可用于 汽车和其他应用。
汽车专业英语 发动机 第4讲 Engine Ignition, Starting and Charging System (点火、起动和充电系统)
generator mounted on the engine, which is driven
发电机
by a belt from the crankshaft. The alternator develops alternating current, which is changed to
adjust
Automobile Professional English （汽车专业英语） Engine（发动机）
第4讲 Engine Ignition, Starting and Charging System
（发动机点火、起动和充电系统）
1. Engine Ignition System
The ignition system is used to ignite the air and fuel in the cylinder. In order to do this a very high voltage is needed to force the electrical current to jump across the spark plug gap and cause an electrical spark. However, there is only 12-volt battery within the automobile. The ignition system is designed to increase the voltage to the necessary amount at the right time for the spark to occur. In addition, the time of spark must be altered as speed and load increase or decrease.
汽车专业英语：Engine components
能熟记常见的发动机专业术语 缩写形式
能看图写出零件名称
1
知识 准备
Task1 Engine Principles and Structure
1.New words and expressions
principle [ˈprinsəpl] n. 原则，原理
convert [kənˈvə:t, ˈkɔnvə:t] v. (使)转变(化)
drain [drein]
vt. & vi.(使)流干, (使)逐渐流走; n.排水沟,
排水管
bolt [bəult]
n.螺栓；(门或窗)插销, 闩;
crush [krʌʃ] vt. & vi.压碎, 压坏; vi.挤进, 挤入
ring [riŋ]
n.戒指, 指环；环状物, 圆圈；团伙, 帮派；
铃声；打电话；特性
propel [prəˈpel] vt. 推进，推动
block [blɔk] n.街区, 街段；大块(木料、石料、金属、冰等)；
3
知识 准备
rod [rɔd]
n.竿, 杆, 棒
pcoa知mrt p识[opnɑ目e:tn] t
n.一部分; 局部；零件；角色 [kəm'pəunənt] n. 成分, 组成部分, 部件, 元件
grommet ['ɡrɔmit] n.金属扣眼,索环
distributor [dɪ'strɪbjətə] n.批发公司;批发商；(汽车上的)配
电器
filter ['filtə] n.过滤, 过滤器 vt..透过, 过滤 vi.(消息等)走
漏
manifold ['mænə,fəʊld] adj.多种多样的; n.具有多种形式的
能看图写出零件名称
1
知识 准备
Task1 Engine Principles and Structure
1.New words and expressions
principle [ˈprinsəpl] n. 原则，原理
convert [kənˈvə:t, ˈkɔnvə:t] v. (使)转变(化)
drain [drein]
vt. & vi.(使)流干, (使)逐渐流走; n.排水沟,
排水管
bolt [bəult]
n.螺栓；(门或窗)插销, 闩;
crush [krʌʃ] vt. & vi.压碎, 压坏; vi.挤进, 挤入
ring [riŋ]
n.戒指, 指环；环状物, 圆圈；团伙, 帮派；
铃声；打电话；特性
propel [prəˈpel] vt. 推进，推动
block [blɔk] n.街区, 街段；大块(木料、石料、金属、冰等)；
3
知识 准备
rod [rɔd]
n.竿, 杆, 棒
pcoa知mrt p识[opnɑ目e:tn] t
n.一部分; 局部；零件；角色 [kəm'pəunənt] n. 成分, 组成部分, 部件, 元件
grommet ['ɡrɔmit] n.金属扣眼,索环
distributor [dɪ'strɪbjətə] n.批发公司;批发商；(汽车上的)配
电器
filter ['filtə] n.过滤, 过滤器 vt..透过, 过滤 vi.(消息等)走
漏
manifold ['mænə,fəʊld] adj.多种多样的; n.具有多种形式的
第14章 汽车专业英语
8
1.2 Car Production 汽车生产
3. Paint Shop 涂装车间
Coating is a systematic engineering, which includes three basic processes of surface treatment, coating process and drying before coating, as well as a reasonable coating system.Maintaining a spotlessly clean, dust-free environment is critical to the quality and consistency of each car’s paint job. Now, in order to make the quality standard for line-off, there are four layers in painting including: ED, Sealer & PVC, Primer and Topcoat.
返回
2
1.1 Structure of an Automobile 汽车构造
1．Engine 发动机
The engine-the“heart”of the automobile-operates on internal combustion, meaning the fuel used for its power is burned inside of the engine. The four-stroke engine is the most common type of automobile engine. The engine is comprised of pistons, cylinders, tubes to deliver fuel to the cylinders, and other components . Each system is necessary for making the automobile run and reducing noise and pollution.
1.2 Car Production 汽车生产
3. Paint Shop 涂装车间
Coating is a systematic engineering, which includes three basic processes of surface treatment, coating process and drying before coating, as well as a reasonable coating system.Maintaining a spotlessly clean, dust-free environment is critical to the quality and consistency of each car’s paint job. Now, in order to make the quality standard for line-off, there are four layers in painting including: ED, Sealer & PVC, Primer and Topcoat.
返回
2
1.1 Structure of an Automobile 汽车构造
1．Engine 发动机
The engine-the“heart”of the automobile-operates on internal combustion, meaning the fuel used for its power is burned inside of the engine. The four-stroke engine is the most common type of automobile engine. The engine is comprised of pistons, cylinders, tubes to deliver fuel to the cylinders, and other components . Each system is necessary for making the automobile run and reducing noise and pollution.
专业汽车英语
专业汽车英语｛维修车必懂知识｝专业英语——Engine Terms〔发动机术语〕 Engine Terms〔发动机术语〕 TDC(top dead center) ― the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft. TDC (上止点) - 当活塞离曲轴最远时，曲柄和活塞的位置。
BDC (bottom dead center) ― the position of the cr ank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft. BDC (下止点) - 当活塞离曲轴最近时，曲柄和活塞的位置。
stroke ― the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft. 行程 - 下止点和上止点之间的距离；行程由曲轴控制。
bore ― the internal diameter of the cylinder. 缸径 - 汽缸的内径。
swept volume ― the volume between TDC and BDC. 有效容积 - 上止点和下止点之间的体积。
engine capacity ― this is the swept volume of all the cylinders, e.g. a four-cylinder engine having a capacity of two liters (2000 cm3) has a cylinder swept volume of 500 cm3. 发动机排量 - 这是全部汽缸的有效容积，例如一台排量为两公升(2000 cm3)的4个汽缸的发动机每一个汽缸的有效容积为500 cm3。
汽车专业英语U1 L2(发动机部分)
（2） The Cylinder Head The cylinder head is bolted to the cylinder block. The top of the cylinder block is covered with the cylinder head which contains the combustion chamber （Fig.2-1）.
（2） Flywheel The flywheel is a comparatively heavy wheel, bolted to the flywheel flange on the rear end of the crankshaft. The inertia of the flywheel tends to keep it rotating at a constant speed. The flywheel also has several other functions, for example, the flywheel has ring gear in its outer circumference,which mesh with teeth located on the starting motor drive pinion in order to crank the engine over. In addition, the rear surface of the flywheel serves as the driving member of the clutch assembly （Fig.2-2）.
III. Exercises
compression rings oil rings piston pin piston connecting rod
汽车专业英语(发动机四冲程)
• filter [filta] n.过滤，过滤器 vt..透过, 过滤vi.(消息等)走漏
• manifold ['maen,feuld] adj. 多种多样的; n.具有多种形式的东西;多支管
• volume ['vslju:m] n.卷, 册,书卷;体积;容积，容量;音量, 响 度.
Part Two-Word Learning
Part Two-Word Learning
• inlet [‘inlet] n.进口，入口 • valve [vaelv] n. 阀,活门,阀门，气门 • exhaust [ig'zo:st] vt. 用尽;使非常疲倦;
n.排气装置,排气管[孔];废气 • suction ['sAkJen] n.吸,抽吸 • revolution [,reva"lu:Jen] n. 革命;彻底改变,重大变革;旋转;
vt. & vi.用抽水机汲水;给... .打气
Part Two-Word Learning
• drain [drein] vt. & vi.(使)流干，(使)逐渐流走; n.排水沟,排水管
• bolt [bault] n.螺栓; (i 门或窗)插销,闩; • crush [krAJ] vt. & vi.压碎,压坏;
• gas-tight气密的， 不透气的 • swivel ['swIval] n.转节，转环;旋轴;旋转接头
vt. & vi.(使)旋转;在枢轴.上转动 • gudgeon ['gnd3an] n.易骗的人;舵钮;舵栓. • pin [pin] n.大头针, 别针;饰针;锁, 钉,插头,闩;腿. • coupling ['kaplin] n.连接;连接器; (尤指列车等的)车钩,挂
• manifold ['maen,feuld] adj. 多种多样的; n.具有多种形式的东西;多支管
• volume ['vslju:m] n.卷, 册,书卷;体积;容积，容量;音量, 响 度.
Part Two-Word Learning
Part Two-Word Learning
• inlet [‘inlet] n.进口，入口 • valve [vaelv] n. 阀,活门,阀门，气门 • exhaust [ig'zo:st] vt. 用尽;使非常疲倦;
n.排气装置,排气管[孔];废气 • suction ['sAkJen] n.吸,抽吸 • revolution [,reva"lu:Jen] n. 革命;彻底改变,重大变革;旋转;
vt. & vi.用抽水机汲水;给... .打气
Part Two-Word Learning
• drain [drein] vt. & vi.(使)流干，(使)逐渐流走; n.排水沟,排水管
• bolt [bault] n.螺栓; (i 门或窗)插销,闩; • crush [krAJ] vt. & vi.压碎,压坏;
• gas-tight气密的， 不透气的 • swivel ['swIval] n.转节，转环;旋轴;旋转接头
vt. & vi.(使)旋转;在枢轴.上转动 • gudgeon ['gnd3an] n.易骗的人;舵钮;舵栓. • pin [pin] n.大头针, 别针;饰针;锁, 钉,插头,闩;腿. • coupling ['kaplin] n.连接;连接器; (尤指列车等的)车钩,挂
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push rod
■ Valve gear tappet ■ Connecting rod
timing gears
connecting rod piston crankshaft flywheel
Engine cooling system
Engine lubricating system
Fuel supply system
Compression 压缩
Power 做功
Exhaust 排放
Stroke . /strəuk / n. 打击；中风；笔画；冲程；尝试；轻抚
20
四、发动机的布置形式
发动机前置 前轮驱动
发动机前置 后轮驱动
发动机后置 后轮驱动
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课堂小结
需要记住的单词： Engine
发动机
Chassis
底盘
冷却系 cooling system
润滑系 lubrication system
[ˌlu:brɪ'keɪʃn]
润滑，加油; 油润;
起动系 starting system
点火系 Ignition system
[ɪgˈnɪʃn]
12
燃油供给系 fuel supply system 进气系统 intake system 排气系统 exhaust system
• II. Text Explanation
The internal combustion engine, as its name indicates, burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle.
我只有一个气缸， 一组气门；
单缸发动机
Single cylinder engine
cylinder
['sɪlɪndə] n. 气缸
9
我有多个气缸， 多组气门；
多缸发动机 Multi cylinder engine
cylinder ['sɪlɪndə]
n. 气缸
10
二、发动机的基本组成
11
•汽油机包含几大系统？
译文：内燃机，顾名思义，就是燃料在气缸内 部燃烧，并且把燃烧时的膨胀力转化为驱动车 辆的旋转力。
• II. Text Explanation
Of all automobile components, an automobile engine is the most complicated assembly with dominant effects on the function of an automobile.
Body
车身
Electrical system
电器系统
Gasoline
汽油
Diesel
柴油
stroke
冲程 22
单独的，独立的 气缸 曲柄连杆机构
配气机构
Single
cylinder
Crank-connecting rod mechanism
[kræŋk] n. [机]曲柄; 妙语，奇想 [rɒd] n. 杆，拉杆; 惩罚，体 罚; （责打人用的）棍棒; 手枪; [ˈmekənɪzəm] 机制
24
•需要记住的句子
There are four basic components of the automobile : engine , chassis , body and electrical system .
译：汽车有四个基本组成部分，发动机， 底盘，车身和电气系统。
Engine system includes ： ignition system，lubrication system, cooling system, starting system.
Convert……into….. 转变；变换
译文：它的作用就是将热能转换成机械能用来
驱动汽车 。
• II. Text Explanation
Convert…..into…. ①转变；变换 That building has been converted into a
school. 那座楼房改成学校了。 ②兑换 I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars
[ɪgˈzɔ:st]
13
Cooling system (冷却系统)
ﮭStarting system (起动系统)
14
❖Lubrication system (润滑系统)
❖Ignition system (点火系统)
15
❖Fuel supply system (燃油供给系统)
❖intake system (进气系统)
译：发动机系统包括：点火系，润滑系，冷却 系，起动系。
25
布置任务
将需要记住的单词和句子记录在笔记本上； 将需要记住的单词每个写3遍，1遍汉语意思；
26
I. Pre-questions
The heart of automobile
I. Pre-questions
What impression of the engine? complicated
活塞反复运动一次， 曲轴转动一周，两个 冲程完成一个工作循
环。
二冲程发动机 Two stroke engine
stroke [strəʊk] n. 冲程，行程；
5
活塞反复运动两次，曲 轴转动两周，四个冲程
完成一个工作循环。
四冲程发动机
Four stroke engine
stroke
[strəʊk]
___起__动__系__统___、____润__滑_系__统____、 ___冷__却_系__统____。
17
•汽油机包括哪两大机构？
Crank-connecting rod mechanism
曲柄
连杆
机构 18
配气机构
Valve mechanism
气门 机构
19
三、发动机的四大工作行程
Intake 进气
2
•Clissified by fuel（按燃料不同分类）
点燃方式 （点燃式）
汽油发动机 gasoline engine
gasoline ['gæsəliːn]
n. 汽油
3
点燃方式 （压燃式）
柴油发动机
diesel engine
diesel
[‘di:zəl] n. 柴油 ，柴油机
4
•Clissfiled by working progress （按工作行程分类）
n. 冲程，行程；
6
水箱，通过水泵作用，水 通过水道流通整个汽缸体，
进行降温。
水冷却式发动机 Water coolest
engine
7
风冷，通过空气气流与风扇 作用，空气/风通过发动机整
个汽缸体，进行降温。
风冷却式发动机 air coolest engine
8
•Clissfiled by number of cylinder（按 气缸数量分类）
complicated [ k mplikeitid] adj.复杂的, 难解的 dominance [ d m n ns] n.优势, 统治 译文：汽车发动机是一切汽车部件中结构最复
杂，对汽车功能起支配作用的一个总成。
• II. Text Explanation
Its function is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles.
into American dollars. 我想把一些港元换成美元。
• II. Text Explanation
Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder.
linear [ lini ] adj. 线的, 直线的, 线 性的 piston [ pist n] n.活塞
crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism,
valve gear, cooling system, lubricating system, fuel system, starting system,
intake exhaust valve valve
• II. Text Expched to the top of a connecting rod by a pin, called a piston pin or wrist pin.
Valve gear
I. Pre-questions
What’s the function of the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism?
Its function is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles.
Valve mechanism
英 [vælv] 美 [vælv]
n阀; 真空管; （管乐器的）活栓;
（心脏的）瓣膜;
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排气系统 润滑系统 点火系统 启动系统 冷却系统 进气系统
Exhaust system Lubrication system Ignition system Starting system Cooling system Intake system
power