八上试题—2017_2018学年广东广州越秀区广州市培正中学初二上学期开学考试英语试卷
1 2 3 4 5 6A.arrived atB.arrived inC.arrivedD.got toWe here yesterday by plane.7 A.mean; take B.mean; taking C.means; takeD.means; taking— What is the meaning of this sign （标志）？— It that they don't allow pets and photos here.8 A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhereD.everywhereAfter a week's search, the child is still missing. People can't find him .9 A.apologized for, to lose B.apologized to, for losing C.apologized for, to lostD.apologized to, for lostingThe waiter John his bill.10 A.them; them B.themselves; themselves C.them; themselvesD.themselves; them— Connie and Fiona made their lunch by .— Their parents should feel proud of .11 A.our; our B.ours; us C.our; us D.ours; our— Who is English teacher?— Miss Ma teaches English.12 A.across; to B.from; to C.between; andD.near; nextThe hospital is the bank the school.13 A.but B.and C.so D.orThe beginning of the movie was boring, the end was amazing ．14A.clean; cleanB.cleaned; cleanedC.clean; cleanedD.cleaned; clean—Did you the blackboard yesterday?—Yes, Miss Zhang asked me to make it .15 A.By ；as much B.Taking; as many C.By; as manyD.Taking; as mucha plane costs nearly twice money as taking a train.16 A.is made of; have B.is made up of; with C.is made of; withD.is made up of; haveThe US flag many small stars and a lot of people like wearing T-shirts stars onthem.17 A.dropping; pick them up B.dropping; pick up it C.drop; pick up itD.drop; pick it upWhen you see someone his/her money on the floor, it is polite to ask him/herto at once.18 A.couldn't; don't B.mustn't; don't C.couldn't; won'tD.mustn't; won't—Look at the sign. It says "We smoke here."—Yes, you are right. I do that again.19 ed to being ed to be C.is used to beD.was used to beSun Yang an unknown swimmer for quite a long time.20I studied music at university. On the second year I was selected （挑选）as 1 exchange student to study in Vienna, Austria. Vienna is a city 2 a long21二、语法选择（1*10=10）1. A.a B.an C./ D.the2. A.with B.have C.hasD.without3. A.worry about B.worried about C.am worried about D.were worried about4. A.live B.lives C.to live D.living5. A.understand B.understood C.understanding D.understands6. A.on B.in C.about D.to7. A.their B.they C.themselves D.them8. A.interesting B.interest C.interested D.interests9. A.have B.has C.had D.having 10. A.butB.becauseC.thoughD.andhistory and it is also a place where many great musicians lived.At first I 3 my exchange life. That didn't last long. Soon I got used to 4 there.Studying there for about one term, I was able to 5 music on a deep level. I took part 6 some of the most famous professors' classes and learned a lot from 7 . I visited many places of 8 in Austria when I was free. There I learned about different cultures and 9 a good time.In a word, studying abroad was a wonderful cultural experience for me 10 I will never forget it.1. A.have B.do C.give D.make2. A.didn't B.had to C.should D.won't3. A.so B.but C.or ually4. A.to finishB.shall finishC.finishD.finishedMr. White was a famous writer. When he was visiting Japan, he had to 1 a talk to a large group of students. As most of them could not understand English, he 2 have an interpreter （翻译）. He said to the interpreter, "I'll stop many times during my talk, 3 you can easily put it into Japanese. Please put the words into Japanese as soon as I 4 it." At that time he 5 a very interesting story. It was so interesting that he 6 to stop when he finished 7 two or three sentences. At last he stopped 8 the interpreter 9 . All the students laughed loudly.The next day Mr. White asked the interpreter, "Can you tell me 10 you made that long story into such a short Japanese one?""I didn't tell the whole story." the interpreter answered with a smile, "I just said, 'Mr. White told us a funny story. You will all laugh, please'."22三、完形填空（1.5*10=15）5. A.said B.toldC.talkedD.spoke 6. A.forgot B.remembered C.had D.began 7. A.every B.each C.every other D.each of 8. A.let B.letting C.to let D.lets9. A.begin B.go C.leave D.translate (翻译）10. A.whatB.howC.ifD.why暂时缺少A 篇阅读A young woman was driving through the lonely countryside. It was dark and rainy.Suddenly she saw an old woman by the side of the road, holding up her hand as if she wanted a lift （搭便车）."I can't leave her out in this weather, " the young woman said to herself. She stopped the car and opened the door."Do you want a lift? " she asked. The old woman nodded （点头）and climbed into the car.After a while, she said to the old woman, "Have you been waiting a long time? " The old woman shook her head. "Strange, " thought the woman. She tried again. "Bad weather for the time of year, " she said. The old woman nodded.Then the young woman noticed the old woman's hands, which were large and hairy.Suddenly she realized that "she" was a man! She stopped the car. "I can't see out of the rear screen （后挡风玻璃）, " she said. "Would you mind cleaning it for me? ""The old woman" nodded and opened the door. As soon as "she" was out of the car, the frightened young woman drove off as fast as she could.When she got to the next village, she stopped. She noticed "the old woman" had left "her"handbag behind. She picked it up and opened it. Inside was a gun.23A.B.C.D.When the young woman talked with "her", "the old woman" only nodded or shook "her"head because "she" .didn't want the young woman to hear "her" voice didn't want to trouble the young woman any more was so tired that "she" didn't want to talk with her was worried that the young woman had seen "her" hands （1）A.B.C.When the young woman found something strange ，she .drove away as fast as possible thought of an idea went on driving as usual（2）四、阅读理解（2*10=20）D.drove her car to a villageA.B.C.D.The young woman asked "the old woman" to clean the rear screen in order to .see more clearly drive fast and well make "her" speak throw "her" out（3）A.B.C.D.From the story we can see that the young woman was .strong and helpful beautiful and bright foolish and shy kind and clever（4）A.B.C.D.What do you think "the old woman" was?A policeman A basketball player A robber A poor villager（5）A.B.C.D.E.Leonardo da Vinci is best known as a great artist today. One of his most famous paintings is called Mona Lisa. Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings in his life. 1 .In fact, Leonardo was also a gifted inventor. Although Leonardo hated war, he invented many different machines used for war. His most special invention was the machine gun. 2 By watching the way birds fly, Leonardo tried to find out the secret of flying. 3 In all, Leonardo designed more than 1, 000 inventions during his life.However, some people thought that Leonardo was a strange man. 4 He usually used mirror writing, which looks like writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left.No one in his life time knew how great Leonardo was. 5 .However, we now believe that he was one of the cleverest men the world has ever known.He designed a flying machine 400 years before the plane was invented.He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect.He didn't eat any meat, which was unusual at that time.They were produced and used in war many years later.24五、阅读填空（1*5=5）单词拼写25Nansha Island is in the s of Guangdong.（1）My sister f school last July. And then she found a good job.（2）The school library is sometimes c during the lunch break.（3）When night falls, stars a .（4）She washed her face with a wet t .（5）Sh! Don't w him up. The baby is sleeping.（6）My sister wants to keep a dog as a p .（7）F , they won the game and everyone got excited.（8）It is a good habit for you to t up your room once a week.（9）Do not switch on the heater if the pot is e .（10）We should save every drop of f water.（11）"Amazing, we won the game!" said Lester in a loud v to his classmates.（12）It becomes dark when the train goes t the tunnel （隧道）.（13）Water f about 95% of a jellyfish's （水母） weight.（14）After the short break, we'll c discussing the question.（15）I do not know her a ．Maybe she is about 9 years old.（16）I like my school because the teachers are all very f .（17）That was wrong, I will n do it again.（18）Jim, Tom and John are good friends. They often go to the beach t in summer.（19）It is exciting to go to the beach with my friends d the summer holidays.（20）完成句子26他们正在用法语交谈。
2017-2018学年广东省广州市越秀区八年级上学期期末考试英语试题(附答案)
广州市越秀区2017-2018学年第一学期期末调研测试八年级英语笔试部分（70 分）说明：1.本部分共五大题，请检查题数；2.笔试部分所有的试题为客观性选择题，请在答题卡上按规定用2B 铅笔作答。
三、单项选择（共10 小题，每小题0.5 分；满分5 分）11. There was _______ in the classroom but all the lights were still on.A. anybodyB. somethingC. someoneD. nobody12. May is _______ of a year.A. five monthsB. the five monthsC. the fifth monthD. the fifth months13. – What _______ if you take a fish out of water?– It _______.A. happen, dieB. happens, diesC. happen, will dieD. will happen, die14. My best friend Susan ______ Guangzhou in 2005, so she ______ in Germany for 12 years.A. left, has livedB. has left, livedC. leaves, will liveD. have left, have lived15. Your friend is _______ than you, so you should be as _______ as him.A. popular, friendlierB. more popular, friendlyC. more popular, friendlierD. popular, friendly16. He _______ his bike, so he has to walk there.A. lostB. losesC. has lostD. is losing17. – Which month has _______ days in a year?– February.A. fewB. littleC. the leastD. the fewest18. You _______ out less you _______ all the work.A. can’t go, finishB. can go, don’t finishC. go, finishD. can’t go, don’t finish19. Tommy, you _______ play with the knife; you _______ hurt yourself.A. shouldn’t, mustB. mustn’t, mayC. can’t, shouldD. won’t, can20. – _______ football?–It’s a very popular game. I like it very much.A. What do you likeB. How do you thinkC. What do you think ofD. Do you like四、语法选择（共10 个空格，每个空格1 分；满分10 分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从21~30 各题所给的A、B、C 和D 项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
广州越秀区培正中学2017-2018学年八年级上学期U4-5测试英语试题(无答案)
初二级上学期英语第四-五单元测验问卷满分：100分，时间：40分钟一、单项选择（1*15）1._____ people come to visit the Shanghai Museum every day.A. Five thousand ofB. Five thousands ofC. Five thousandsD. Thousands of2. Her mother ______ her _______ home late night.A. not allow, goingB. not allows, goC. doesn’t allow, to goD. doesn’t allow, going3. This kind of apples taste ______ that one.A. so big asB. as bad thanC. bad thanD. worse than4. The new swimming pool is ______ the old one.A. so big asB. as bigger asC. big thanD. as big as5. They ______ around Guangzhou next week.A. tourB. will tourC. touredD. has toured6. Anna studies English very ______ and her English is ______ in her class.A. careful; goodB. carefully; wellC. careful; bestD. carefully; the best7. —Have you got my present ______ ?—Yes, I have ______ got it.A.yet, yetB. already, yetC. yet, alreadyD. already, already8.—Our country ______ a lot so far.—Yes, I hope it will be even ______ .A.has changed; wellB. changed; goodC. has changed; betterD. changed; better9.—______ you______ your homework?—Yes. I ______ it a moment ago.A. Did, do; finishedB. Have, done; have finishedC. Have, done; finishedD. Have, do; finished10.The dress is dirty. Please give me ______ one.A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. the other11. I am very busy now, because I have ______ things to do.A. lotsB. lots ofC. a lotD. lot of12. I am very sleepy. I tired ______ my eyes open, but i couldn’tA. keepingB. having keptC. to have keptD. to keep13. I have ______ all day ______ for you.A. spend, lookB. spend, lookingC. spent, lookingD. spent, look14. If you want to ______ an ______, you need to study hard from now on.A. invent, inventB. invent, inventionC. invention, inventD. invention, invention15. She never imagined ______ this competition.A. to winningB. winC. winningD. won二、语法选择（1*15）I arrived in the UK last weekend to learn English. So far I have already made ___16___ friends and had some traditional English food there. But after ___17___ three days of hamburgers, sandwiches and potatoes, I thought none could be ___18___ than Chinese food, especially（尤其）my favourite - huo guo. ___19___ can’t imagine howexcited I was ___20___ I got to know that there was going to be a free meal of hotpot to welcome the new students. On ___21___ way to the canteen. I seemed to smell huo guo in the air.When I went into the room ___22___. I didn’t ___23___ huo guo. Where was it? With many questions in my head, I sat ___24___ to have the free meal. After talking with an English girl, I got to know that Chinese huo guo is completely different ___25___ hotpot. Chinese huo guo is written in two words-hot pot; and hotpot, one word, is a traditional English dish.Hotpot is made from mutton and onion（洋葱）with ___26___ potatoes on the top. people put ___27___ in a heavy pot on a low heat all day. It ___28___ very little effort to prepare. You can often see it at parties in the UK because it’s easy ___29___ for a large number of people and is not expensive.Hotpot doesn’t taste bad. ___30___ .I still miss huo guo-hot pot, two words!16. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few17. A. having B. to have C. had D. to having18. A. delicious B. more delicious C. most delicious D. much delicious19. A. We B. He C. She D. You20. A. when B. if C. unless. D. though21. A. a B. an C. the D. /22. A. Excitingly B. excitedly C. exciting D. excited23. A. sees B. see C. saw D. seen24. A. on B. out C. above D. down25. A. with B. from C. to D. by26. A. a piece of B. pieces of C. a pieces of D. piece of27. A. them B. they C. it D. its28. A. took B. has taken C. taking D. takes29. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. prepares30. A. But B. However C. Because D. So三、完形填空（1.5*10）Have you ever heard the story of the internet? We are all busy talking about and ___31___ the internet, but how many of us know the ___32___ of it?Many people were ___33___ when the internet first appeared in the 1960s.At that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer network didn’t work well. If one computer in the network___34___ down, then the whole network stopped. So a network system（联网系统）was in need. It should be ___35___ enough for many different computers to use at the same time. If one part of the network was not working, other parts still worked well. In this way computer network system would keep on ___36___ all the time.At ___37___ only government（政府）could use the internet. In the early 1970s, hospitals and banks began to use it too. However, computers were still very ___38___ and the internet was difficult to use. By the start of the 1990s, computers ___39___ cheaper and easier to use. Today it is ___40___ to get online and millions of people use the internet every day.31. A. checking B. inviting C. using D. controlling32. A. history B. price C. service D. program33. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. interested34. A. fell B. broke C. turned D. go35. A. clever B. good C. heavy D. expensive36. A. opening B. working C. using D. doing37. A. more B. least C. first D. last38. A. expensive B. cheap C. small D. light39. A. became B. worked C. improved D. stayed40. A .boring B. clean C. tiring D. easy四、阅读（2*10）AThe umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the rain and the sun off the people. Umbrellas can be folded up so it is easy to carry them.However, the umbrella has not always been as common as it is now. In the past, it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this way. Someone carries an umbrella behind the king or important person.Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the word began to use umbrella at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3,000years ago. From then on, people brought umbrella to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, men wouldn’t use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women.England was probably the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain. The weather there is very wet and umbrellas are very useful.Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you carry one, just think that for centuries only great men and women used them. You will feel you are important people, too.41.What is the umbrella used for?A.Keeping the rain offB. Keeping the rain and the sun offC. Keeping the sun offD. Keeping the wind off42.What does the underlined word "be folded up" mean in Chinese?A.撑开B. 关闭C. 闲置D. 折叠43.What do the Africans think of the umbrella in the lives?A.It is a symbol of importance.B. they used it in a common way in the past but not now.C. They used it behind others.D. They used it more than 3,000 years ago.44.Which country is the earliest country that used umbrellas?A.EnglandB. ChinaC. IndiaD. Egypt45.What is the best title of this passage?A.The Development of UmbrellasB. How to Use UmbrellasC. Umbrellas Are Used for Keeping off the Rain and CloudD. Umbrellas Are Unimportant for UsBLast year, I took part in the educational exchange at Utecht University in the Netherlands. Utecht is a beautiful city with a long history. ___46___ The teacher at the university came to the train station and took me to the building where i would live. I stayed in a house full of international students. ___47___For the next few months, we studied at the university with local students. ___48___ There the size of the class was smaller. And students exchanged ideas a lot in class. The teachers at the university were very friendly. ___49___ I also found the local people liked to start a conversation, especially when they saw someone from another country!My time at Utrechet is probably the best few months of my life. I will remember it in my lifetime. ___50___ Now we still keep in touch with each other.五、单词拼写（1*10）20 c ________ .51. Thomas Edison died in the middle of the th52. I love and r ______ my parents.53. He told a f ______ joke and everyone laughed.54. You are a great musician and I hope you will c ______ more beautiful music.55. I’m going to give Ann a s ______ gift on her birthday.56. I stayed with a h ______ family on my educational exchange.57. Failure is the mother of s ______ .58. The mobile phone is as p ______ as the computer.59. The company d ______ a new medicine.60. The library is f ______ from my home than the post office is.六、完成句子（1*25）61.他是一名记者。
2017-2018学年广州市越秀区八年级(上)期末语文试卷(含答案)
2017-2018学年广州市越秀区八年级（上）期末语文试卷一、积累与运用。
1．（3分）下列词语中加点字注音完全正确的一项是（）A．禁锢．（gù）诘．责（jí）不逊．（xùn）B．喧嚣．（xiāo）濒．临（bīn）滞．留（zhì）C．解剖．（pōu）炽．热（zhì）吹嘘．（xū）D．鲜腴．（yú）遏．制（jiē）酒肆．（sì）2．（3分）下列词语没有错别字的一项是（）A．抑扬顿挫合颜悦色惟妙惟肖诚惶诚恐B．恹恹欲睡春寒料俏筋疲力尽藏污纳垢C．为富不仁遥无消息暴风骤雨器宇轩昂D．坦荡如砥任劳任怨油光可鉴正襟危坐3．（3分）依次填入下列句子横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）为了达到这个目的，他们讲究亭台轩榭的________，讲究假山池沼的________，讲究花草树木的________，讲究近景达景的________。
A．布局配合映衬层次B．配合布局层次映衬C．布局层次配合映衬D．配合布局映衬层次4．（3分）下列语句中，没有语病的一项是（）A．要是一篇作品的思想有问题，那么文字即使很不错，也是要不得的。
B．《红星照耀中国》的作者是埃德加•斯诺的故乡在美国密苏里州堪萨斯市。
C．作为现代环境保护运动的先驱，美国人蕾切尔•卡森将被人们永久铭记。
D．中国珠峰登山队之所以能成功登上珠峰，是因为全体队员不畏艰险的原因。
5．（2分）口语交际八（3）班准备在明天下午 2 点 30 分在教室举行“人无信不立”主题班会。
为了更好地开展活动，同学们派你去邀请语文老师李芸芸参加，你怎么对老师说？6．（4分）为下面这则消息补写一个标题。
广州日报讯（全媒体记者张丹羊通讯员交宣）记者昨天从警方获悉，10 月 4 日是中秋节，为确保广大市民前往白云山登高活动的交通安全、顺畅，广州市公安交通管理部门将采取以下管制措施：10 月 4 日零时至 10 月 5 日 6 时，除公安执勤、山上驻军和单位、白云山管理局公务车辆外，禁止一切机动车辆上白云山；另外，白云山上禁止无关车辆停留。
2017_2018学年广东广州越秀区广东实验初二上期中数学试卷-答案
1 2答案解析考点A. B. C. D.C三角形的三边关系即三角形的任意两边之和大于第三边，任意两边之差小于第三边，所以第三边的取值范围为：，即，故选．三角形三角形基础三角形三边关系三角形的三边关系定理及应用答案解析考点A.三角形三条高的交点都在三角形内 B.三角形的角平分线是射线C.三角形三边的垂直平分线不一定交于一点D.三角形三条中线的交点在三角形内下列说法正确的是（ ）．3D、锐角三角形的三条高都在三角形内部，直角三角形有两条高与直角边重合，另一条高在三角形内部，钝角三角形有两条高在三角形外部，一条高在三角形内部，说法错误，、三角形的角平分线是线段，错误，、三角形三边的垂直平分线一定交于一点，错误，、三角形三条中线的交点在三角形内，正确，故选．三角形三角形基础三角形的角平分线、中线和高三角形的高三角形的中线三角形的角平分线答案解析考点A. B. C. D.图中的两个三角形全等，则（ ）．4C∵图中的两个三角形全等，与，与分别是对应边，那么它们的夹角就是对应角，∴，故选．三角形全等三角形全等三角形的性质A.B.C. D.或已知有理数，满足，则以，的值为两边长的等腰三角形的周长是（）.5答案解析考点C 由题可得，.若为腰，则三边长为， ，，不能构成三角形.若为腰，则三边长为，，，能构成三角形，此时周长为.三角形三角形基础三角形三边关系三角形的三边关系定理及应用答案解析考点A.四边形B.五边形C.六边形D.八边形若一个多边形的每一个内角都等于，则它是（ ）．6B若一个多边形的每一个内角都等于，那么这个多边形为正多边形，根据正多边形内角和公式得，解得，故选．多边形多边形基础多边形内角和如图，是的角平分线，点在上，且于点，，，则的度数为（ ）．7A. B. C. D.A∵，，∴．又∵是的角平分线，∴，∴，又∵，∴．故答案为．几何初步角角平分线的定义角的计算与证明转角问题三角形三角形基础三角形内角和定理三角形内角和定理答案解析考点A. B. C. D.如图，在的两边上，分别取，再分别过点，作、的垂线，交点为，画射线，则平分的依据是（ ）．8D 在和中，，∴≌，∴，∴是的平分线．三角形全等三角形全等三角形的性质全等三角形的判定HL 如图，在中，为的平分线，于，于，的面积是，，，则的长是（ ）．9答案解析考点A. B. C. D.C ∵为的平分线，，，∴，∵的面积是，∴设，又∵，，∵，∴，故的长是．三角形三角形基础三角形面积及等积变换A. B. C. D.如图，平面直角坐标系中，已知定点和，若动点在轴上运动，则使为等腰三角形的点有（ ）个．10答案解析考点B ∵、，∴，，设点坐标为，则，当时，可知点在线段的垂直平分线上，可知点在点，即此时点为，当时，此时，可求得，此时点为，当时，即，可解得或，此时点坐标为或，综上可知点的位置有个，故选．三角形等腰三角形等腰三角形的判定答案解析若点与点关于轴对称，则点的坐标为 ．11关于轴对称的点，纵坐标相同，横坐标互为相反数，∵点与点关于轴对称，∴点的坐标为故答案为：．二、填空题（本大题共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）考点几何变换图形的对称关于x 轴、y 轴对称的点的坐标关于y 轴对称答案解析考点如图，，请补充一个条件 ，使≌．12所添条件为，∵，，，∴≌，故答案为：．三角形全等三角形全等三角形的判定如图，在中，，的垂直平分线交于，交于，若的周长为，，则的周长为 ．13答案解析考点∵是的垂直平分线，∴，∴，∴的周长，∵，，∴的周长，故答案为：．三角形全等三角形线段垂直平分线的性质定理垂直平分线性质答案解析如图，在中，，，则 ．14∵，，∴，∴，考点∵是的外角，∴，∵，∴，∴，故答案为：．三角形三角形基础三角形的外角性质内、外角定理及应用等腰三角形等腰三角形的性质等腰三角形两腰相等答案解析如图，在中，，，是过点的一条直线，于，于，，，则 ．15∵于，于，，，，，考点∴，在与中，，∴≌，∴，，∵，，∴，∴．三角形直角三角形等腰直角三角形等腰直角三角形与全等结合答案解析如图，在直角平面坐标系中，，，，，以为直角边在边的上方作等腰直角，则点的坐标是 ．16或如图，作轴于，轴于，于，在和中，，考点∴≌，∴，，当为直角顶点时，同理可得，，∴，当为直角顶点时，同理可得，，，∴，综上所述，点坐标或，故答案为或．三角形全等三角形全等三角形的判定AAS直角三角形等腰直角三角形等腰直角三角形性质与判定的综合等腰直角三角形与全等结合答案已知，如图：点、在上，，，．求证：．17证明见解析．三、解答题（本大题共7小题，共72分）解析考点∵，∴在和中∵，∴≌（）∴．三角形全等三角形全等三角形的判定如图，要在公路旁修建一个货物中转站，分别向、两个开发区运货．18若要求货物中转站到、两个开发区的距离相等，那么货物中转站应建在哪里？（1）若要求货物中转站到、两个开发区的距离和最小，那么货物中转站应建在哪里？（2）（1）画图见解析．（2）画图见解析．作的垂直平分线，如图，交于点，则点即为所求；（1）（2）作点关于的对称点，如图，连接，交于点，则点即为所求；几何变换图形的对称作图：轴对称变换轴对称与几何最值将军饮马问题尺规作图作已知线段的垂直平分线答案解析考点如图，在中，平分交于点，交于点，于点．求证：．19证明见解析．∵平分，∴．∵，∴．∴．∴．∵于点，∴．几何初步角余角和补角角的计算与证明如图，点在线段上，，，．平分，求证：．20证明见解析．∵，∴，在和中，∴≌（），∴，又∵平分，∴．三角形全等三角形全等三角形的性质全等三角形的判定SAS等腰三角形等腰三角形的性质等腰三角形三线合一等腰三角形的判定答案解析如图，在等边中，点、分别在边、上，且，与相交于点，于点．21求证：．（1）求证：．（2）证明见解析．（1）证明见解析．（2）∵为等边三角形．∴，，在和中，，∴≌，∴．（1）∵≌，∴．∵为外角，∴．∴，∵，∴，∴．（2）考点几何初步角角的计算与证明转角问题三角形全等三角形全等三角形的性质全等三角形的判定SAS等腰三角形等边三角形的性质等边三角形与全等等边三角形三边相等等边三角形内角为60°直角三角形含30°角的直角三角形22如图，正方形的边，在坐标轴上，点的坐标为．点从点出发，以每秒个单位长度的速度沿轴向点运动；点从点同时出发，以相同的速度沿轴的正方向运动，规定点到达点时，点也停止运动．连接，过点作的垂线，与过点平行轴的直线相交于点．与轴交于点，连接．设点运动的时间为．写出的度数和点的坐标．（点的坐标用表示）（1）探索周长是否随时间的变化而变化，若变化，说明理由；若不变，试求这个定值．（2）试求当为何值时，为等腰三角形．（3），．（1）不变，定值是．（2）或．（3）由题可得：，∴，又∵四边形为正方形，∴，，∵，∴，∴，∵，∴，在和中，，∴≌，∴，，∵，∴是等腰直角三角形，（1）即，∵，∴点的坐标为．将绕点顺时针旋转到，∴，∴，在和中，，∴≌，∴，∴，∴周长．（2）①若，由≌，可知：，显然，所以这种情况不存在．②若，则，∴，∴．在和中，，∴≌，（3）∴．此时点与点重合，点与点重合．∵点的坐标为，∴，此时．③若，在和中，，∴≌，∴，∵，∴，∴，∵，∴，∵，∴，解得：．综上所述，当和时，为等腰三角形．三角形全等三角形全等三角形的性质全等三角形的判定直角三角形等腰直角三角形勾股定理四边形正方形正方形的性质几何变换图形的旋转旋转全等23在平面直角坐标系中，直线交轴于点，交轴于点，，．（1）现在一直角三角板的直角顶点放置于的中点，并绕点旋转，两直角边分别交轴、轴于、（如图）两点，求证：．（2）已知点，求点关于直线对称的点的坐标．（3）若是线段上一点，，于，交于，求的值．答案解析证明见解析．（1）．（2）．（3）连接，∵，为的中点，∴，，∴，∵，∴，在和中，，∴≌，∴．（1）过作于，交轴于，∵，∴，∵，∴∴为的垂直平分线，∴为点关于的对称点，∵，∴，∴，∴．（2）过作于，则，∵，，∴，，在和中，，∴≌，（3）∴，，∵，，，∴，又∵，∴，∵，∴，∴，在和中，，∴≌，∴，∵，，∴∴．三角形全等三角形全等三角形的性质全等三角形的判定SASASA直角三角形等腰直角三角形等腰直角三角形性质与判定的综合等腰直角三角形与全等结合几何变换图形的对称轴对称基础轴对称的性质。
2017_2018学年广东广州越秀区初二上学期期末英语试卷及参考答案
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广东省广州越秀广大附中20172018学年上学期八年级月考数学试卷(无答案)
广东省广州越秀广阔附中2021-2021学年上学期八年级12月月考数学试卷〔无答案〕广阔附中2021—2021学年第一学期12月大结盟初二数学〔问卷〕考试时间：90分钟总分：120分第一局部选择题〔共30分〕一、选择题〔本大题共10小题，每题3分，共30分〕1．计算(a2)3的结果是〔〕．A．a5B．a6C．a8D．a92．使分式y存心的x的取值是〔〕．3xA．x0B．xy C．x3D．x33．以下每组分别表示三根木棒的长度，将它们扫尾连结后，能摆成三角形的一组是〔〕．A．1，2，6B．2，2，4C．1，2，3D．2，3，4227的值为0，那么x的值应为〔4．假如分式3x〕．x3A．3B．3C．3D．95．一栽花瓣的花粉颗粒直径约为米，用科学记数法表示为〔〕．A．1056C．7D．656 B．1010106．如图，在等腰三角形纸片ABC中，AB AC，A 50，折叠该纸片，使点A落在B处，折痕为DE，那么CBE〔〕．A．10B．15C．20D．25 ADEB C7．a a12，那么a2a2等于〔〕．A．8B．6C．4D．28．假定ab2，a b22的值为〔〕．1，那么代数式ab abA．2B．1C．4D．39．如图，将一张正方形纸片按图①、②所示的方向对折，而后沿图③中的虚线剪裁获得图④，将图④的纸片睁开摊平，再获得的图案是〔〕．1/5广东省广州越秀广阔附中2021-2021学年上学期八年级12月月考数学试卷〔无答案〕图①图②图③图④A．B．C．D．10．如图，在△ABC中，AC BC，ACB90，AE均分BAC交BC于E，BD⊥AE与D，DM⊥AC 交AC的延伸线与M，连结CD，给出四个结论：①1AE；③AC CEAB；④ABBC2MC．此中正确的结论有〔〕．ADC45；②BD2A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个MCDEA B第二局部〔非选择题，共90分〕二、填空题〔共6题，每题3分，共18分〕11．因式分解：〔1〕2a(b c) 3(c b)__________．2〕(2ab)28ab__________．12．一个等腰三角形的两条边长分别为4cm和8cm，那么这个三角形的周长为__________cm．13．如图，AC AD，12，只增添一个条件使△ABC≌△AED，你增添的条件是__________．EA21BCD2/514．对于x的分式方程2x m1无解，那么m__________．x315．如图，ABAC，BD BC，假定A40，那么ABD的度数是__________．BA D C16．如图，等腰三角形ABC的底边BC长为4，面积是16，腰AC的垂直均分线EF分别交AC，AB边于E ，，假定点D为BC的中点，点M为线段EF上一动点，那么△CDM周长的最小值为__________．FCE DMA BF三、解答题〔本大题共7小题，总分值72分．解允许写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤〕17．〔本小题总分值10分〕解方程：〔1〕x36x x2x 0．3〔2〕11x223．x x18．〔本小题总分值8分〕如图，点A，F，C，D在同向来线上，点B和点E分别在直线AD的双侧，AB∥DE且AB DE，AFDC．求证：〔1〕AC DF．2〕BC∥EF．BA F C DE19．〔本小题总分值8分〕尺规作图〔不写作图步骤，保留作图印迹〕，如图，OM，ON是两条公路A、3/5B 是两个工厂，现欲建一个库房P ，使其到两条公路的距离相等且到两条工厂距离也相等，试确立此库房P 的地点．MAB ON20．〔本小题，总分值 10分〕如图，四边形 ABCD 中AD ∥BC ，E 是CD 上一点，且 AE ，BE 分别均分 BAD ，ABC ．1〕求证：CEDE ．〔2〕假定AE 3，BE 4，求四边形 ABCD 的面积．ADEBC22．〔本小题总分值12分〕春节前，某玩具商铺依据市场检查，用2500 元购进一批少儿玩具，上市后很快畅销，接着又用4500元购进第二批这类玩具，所购数目是第一批数目的倍，但每套进价多了10元．1〕求第一批玩具每套的进价是多少元？2〕假如这两批玩具每套售价同样，且所有售完后总收益不低于25%，那么每套售价起码要多少元？23．〔本小题总分值14分〕△ABC 为等腰直角三角形， ABC90，点D 在AB 边上〔不与点A ，B 重合〕，以CD 为腰作等腰直角△CDE ，DCE90．〔 1 〕如图1，作EF ⊥BC 于F ，求证：△DBC ≌△CFE ． 〔 2 〕在图1 中，连结AE 交BC 于M ，求AD的值．BM〔 3 〕如图2 ，过点E 作EH ⊥CE 交CB 的延伸线于点 H ，过点D 作DG ⊥DC ，交AC 于点G ，连结GH ，当点D 在边AB 上运动时，式子HEGD的值会为定值〔不发生变化〕吗？假定是定值，试求出GH该值，假定变化请说明原因．4/5AA G A GDC D DB F HB CH B CE E E 图1图2备用图5/5。
广州市越秀区八年级上学期期中物理试卷
广州市越秀区八年级上学期期中物理试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、单项选择题 (共15题；共30分)1. （2分） (2018九上·孝感期末) 以下物理量不是表示物质的性质的是（）A . 比热容B . 热值C . 密度D . 电功率2. （2分） (2017八上·满洲里期末) 关于体温计和实验室温度计的区别，下列说法中错误的是（）A . 体温计与实验温度计的区别仅是长度不同B . 体温计内有一细管，温度计没有细管C . 使用体温计前，需要用力甩动，把液体甩到35℃以下，普通温度计不能甩动D . 使用体温计测量体温后，可离开身体读数，普通温度计不能离开被测物体3. （2分）如图几项测量中，错误的是（）A . 使用刻度尺时，让刻度线尽量贴近被测物体B . 使用量筒时，视线与凹形液面的底部相平C . 使用温度计时，视线与温度计中液柱的液面相平D . 测量质最过程中，可以调节平衡螺母使天平再次平衡4. （2分） (2017八上·泉州期末) 下列估测中，最接近生活实际的是（）A . 一节物理课的时间是约为45sB . 成年人正常步行的速度是5m/sC . 一支新铅笔的长度约为17cmD . 教室门的高约为20m5. （2分） (2016九下·门头沟开学考) 下列有关误差的说法中，正确的是（）A . 误差是测量值与真实值之间的差异B . 误差就是测量中产生的错误C . 只要认真测量，可以避免误差D . 选用精密测量仪器可以消除误差6. （2分）小明同学学习了“降水的形成”知识后，为家人做了“下雨”的实验.他把盘子擦干放进冰箱里冷却，水壶装满水并烧开，这时水汽不断上升，壶嘴上方就出现一团“白气”，这就是“云”.从冰箱里取出盘子放在壶嘴上方约15cm的地方，盘子碰到这团“云”，一会儿盘的下表面就会布满水滴，水滴越积越多，越积越大，等到挂不住时就纷纷落下，这就是“雨”.下面关于实验现象的解释，正确的是（）A . 壶嘴上方出现的一团“白气”是壶中水汽化形成的气态水B . 壶嘴上方出现的一团“白气”是液态水C . 水汽化时放出热量D . 由于水已经烧开，停止对水壶加热，壶嘴上方也会一直冒“白气”7. （2分） (2017八上·岱岳期末) 泰山女儿茶驰名中外，泡茶、喝茶中包含很多物理知识，下列说法中错误的是（）A . 打开茶叶盒，茶香飘满屋﹣﹣是茶叶的升华现象B . 泡茶时，水面冒白气﹣是水蒸气液化现象C . 茶水太烫，吹一吹凉得快﹣﹣是由于吹气加快了茶水的蒸发D . 透过玻璃茶杯看到手指变粗﹣﹣是由于装水的茶杯相当于一个放大镜8. （2分） (2016九上·武平期中) 下列措施中能使蒸发减慢的是（）A . 冬天用电热吹风吹湿了的头发B . 瓶中的酒精用后，及时盖上瓶盖并拧紧C . 湿衣服晾在阳光直照的地方D . 用扫帚把地面的积水向周围散开9. （2分） (2015八上·霞浦期末) 八年级的小晴同学参加体检，下列数据记录中与正常情况不相符的是（）A . 身高1.65mB . 质量50 kgC . 体温37℃D . 脉搏一分钟20次10. （2分） (2018九下·弥勒月考) 如图所示现象中的物态变化属于升华的是：（）A . 刚从水中出来感觉特别冷B . 烧开水时冒出大量白汽C . 冬季，堆在户外的雪人没有熔化却变小了D . 夏天，晾晒的湿衣服逐渐变干11. （2分）天气炎热，想想刚从冰箱里拿出来的冰棒就浑身凉爽。
2017-2018越秀区培正中学初二上册语文四六单元
广州市培正中学语文八上第四、六单元测验卷（问卷）（满分120分，考试时间100分钟）第一部分基础积累及运用（35分）一、（6小题，19分）1．下列加粗字的读音全部正确的一项是（）（3分）A．遏．制（è）迂．腐（yū）俯瞰．（kàn）坦荡如砥．（dĭ）B．游逛．（guàng）鲜腴．（yú）濒．临（bĭng）密匝匝．（zā）C．蹒．跚（pán）炫．耀（xuàn）秀颀．（qí）恹恹．．欲睡（yăn）D．颓．唐（tuí）婆娑．（suǒ）绿釉．（yóu）举箸．提笔（zhù）2．下列词语书写无误的一项是（）（3分）A．锤炼避邪飓风情不自己B．主宰焦燥苔痕旁溢斜出C．倦怠宛然星辰无边无垠D．狼籍晶萤琐屑纵横决荡3．下列句子中的加粗词语使用有误的一项是（）（3分）A．大海深不可测．．．．，让人望而生畏。
B．鲍青松同学唱歌妙手偶得．．．．，因此同学们选他担任文娱委员的职务。
C．这部小说的情节太离奇了，简直令人难以置信．．．．。
D．他虽然无能为力．．．．，却默默关心着失孤儿童的思想状况，值得敬佩。
4．下面句子没有语病的一项是（）（3分）A．中小学、幼儿园的安全工作能否落实，保证了广大师生生命健康、亿万家庭幸福安宁。
B．为提高市民行车的舒适度，有关部门对多处路井部位进行了整修，解决了颠簸现象。
C．教育行政部门提出，要制定进城务工人随迁子女义务教育后在当地参加升学考试。
D．日前，分藏两岸六十余年的国画名作《富春山居图》在台北“故宫博物院”“合璧”展出。
5．依次填入文段横线处，排列恰当的一组是（）（3分）___________，你尽可流动明眸，欣赏白云蓝天，飞流急喘；___________，你尽可闭目凝神，倾听莺歌燕舞，春水潺潺；_________，你尽可翕动鼻翼，呼吸牡丹的浓香，黄菊的清爽；___________，你尽可品评自娱，把玩深尝。
2017-2018年广东省广州市越秀区八年级(上)期末物理试卷和答案
2017-2018学年广东省广州市越秀区八年级（上）期末物理试卷一．单项选择题（每小题3分，共36分）1．（3分）小明和小丽站在路边等校车，小丽说自己是运动的，她所选择的参照物是（）A．路灯B．路边的树木C．小明D．驶来的校车2．（3分）某物体做匀速直线运动，由速度公式V=可知，物体的（）A．速度与路程成正比B．速度与时间成反比C．速度大小恒定不变D．以上说法都对3．（3分）用木槌敲击同一个音叉，第一次轻敲，第二次重敲。
两次比较（）A．轻敲音调高B．轻敲响度大C．重敲音调高D．重敲响度大4．（3分）下列有关声现象的说法正确的是（）A．声音的传播速度为340m/sB．只要物体在振动，人就一定能听到声音C．宇航员们在月球上不能直接用口语交谈D．公路旁安装隔音板是为了在声源处减弱噪声5．（3分）我国有的地区夏天气温高达40℃，有的地区冬天气温低于﹣50℃以下。
在我国各个地区都能测量气温的温度计是（）A．酒精温度计B．乙醚温度计C．水温度计D．水银温度计6．（3分）物体变化现象在一年四季中随处可见，下列关于这些现象说法正确的是（）A．春天的早晨经常出现大雾，这是液化现象，要吸收热量B．夏天用干冰给运输中的食品降温，这是利用干冰熔化吸热C．夏天打开冰箱门，看见有白气冒出来，这是汽化现象，要吸收热量D．初冬早晨地面上会出现白白的一层霜，这是凝华现象，要放出热量7．（3分）下列说法中错误的是（）A．90℃的水也可以沸腾B．给冰加热，冰的温度一定升高C．冰不经过熔化也可以变成水蒸气D．水在凝固过程中不断放出热量，温度保持不变8．（3分）如图所示的四种现象中，属于光的折射规律现象的是（）A．筷子变弯折B．山峦在水中的倒影C．在墙上投出的手影D．烛焰通过小孔成的像9．（3分）下列关于光学现象描述或解释正确的是（）A．近视眼镜是利用凹透镜使光线发散B．远视眼镜是利用凹透镜使光线发散C．光由空气射入水中时，传播速度变大D．漫反射的光线杂乱无章，不遵循光的反射定律10．（3分）在探究凸透镜成像规律的实验中，当烛焰、凸透镜、光屏处于如图所示位置时，恰能在光屏上得到一个清晰的像。
广东省广州市越秀区2017-2018学年八年级上学期英语期末考试试卷(解析版)
广东省广州市越秀区2017-2018学年八年级上学期英语期末考试试卷一、单项选择1.There was _______ in the classroom but all the lights were still on.A.anybodyB.somethingC.someoneD.nobody【答案】D【考点】不定代词【解析】【分析】句意：在教室里一个人也没有，但是所有的灯仍然亮着。
根据后半句的转折，（但是所有的灯仍然亮着）可以推测前面指的是教室里没有人，故应用nobody，故答案为D。
【点评】本题考查不定代词的辨析，注意这些不定代词的用法和含义。
2.May is _______ of a year.A. five monthsB. the five monthsC. the fifth monthD. the fifth months【答案】C【考点】序数词【解析】【分析】句意：五月是一年的第五个月。
表示顺序用序数词，the+序数词+可数名词单数，表示第几……故答案为C。
【点评】本题考查序数词的应用，注意序数词的用法。
3.— What _______ if you take a fish out of water?—It _______.A. happen, dieB. happens, diesC. happen, will dieD. will happen, will die【答案】D【考点】条件状语从句【解析】【分析】句意：——如果你把一条鱼从水里拿出来会发生什么？——它会死。
if引导条件状语从句，时态应该遵循主将从现的规则，故主句应用一般将来时，will+动词原形。
答句回答问句的问题，跟问句保持时态一致，也用一般将来时。
故答案为D。
【点评】本题考查条件状语从句，注意主将从现的规则。
4.My best friend Susan ______ Guangzhou in 2005, so she ______ in Germany for 12 years.A. left, has livedB. has left, livedC. leaves, will liveD. have left, have lived【答案】A【考点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响，一般过去时【解析】【分析】句意：我最好的朋友苏珊在2005年离开了广州，所以她在德国居住了12年，前面有具体的时间in 2005，故应该用一般过去时态，后面有表示段时间的表达for 12 years，应该用现在完成时态，表示动作由过去开始，持续到现在还有可能持续，故答案为A。