第一次模拟考试英语试题及答案

2020年普通高等学校招生第一次模拟考试英语满分：150分答题时间：120分钟第Ⅰ卷（满分100分）第一部分听力(共两节，共20题，每题1.5分，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What will the man do next?A．Switch off the TV．B．Turn down the TV． C．Quit studying．2．At what age might the woman retire?A．55 years old．B．65 years old．C．60 years old．3．What is small for the woman?A．The T-shirt．B．The hat．C．The skirt．4．What does the man mean?A．The film can be seen online．B．The film is worth the money．C．He’d rather not have bought the ticket．5．Where does the conversation most probably take place?A．At home．B．At a drug store．C．At a hospital．第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．What does the man like about his hometown?A．It has low living costs．B．It has varied nightlife．C．The weather is mild．7．What is the weather like in October in the man’s hometown?A．Cloudless．B．Cold．C．Wet．听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8．What time was the plane originally scheduled to leave?A．At 3：00．B．At 4：00．C．At 5：00．9．Why is the woman worried?A．The weather is bad．B．The report is not finished．C．An appointment will be delayed．昕第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10．Why does the man’s brother go to the man’s place?A．To study．B．To work．C．To travel．11．Where does the man work in the morning?A．At a university．B．At a restaurant．C．At a bookstore．12．What language is the woman taking up?A．French．B．Spanish．C．Japanese．听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．Their future job choices．B．Their next-term courses．C．Their next-term professors．14．What subject does the man probably prefer?A．History．B．Politics．C．Art．15．What do the woman’s parents expec t her to be?A．A restaurant manager B．A politician．C．A teacher．16．What is the woman good at doing?A．Dealing with people．B．Working with kids．C．Painting pictures．听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17．How did the servants deal with their earnings in Victorian times?A．They paid for the housing．B．They bought food and clothes．C. They sent them to their families．18．What was a nurse’s main duty?A．Cooking meals．B．Looking after children． C．Educating children．19．How did the Victorian upper class parents treat their children actually?A．Cruelly．B．Kindly．C．Strictly．20．What will the speaker talk about next?A．Lower class families．B．Upper class children’s situation．C．Comparisons between upper and lower classes．第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AWhile traveling to a foreign land, or perhaps across the state, aren't you looking for something a little more adventurous, more luxurious ( 豪华) , and packed with facilities (设施) that you don't have at home?Tree Hotel, SwedenIt was perhaps everybody's childhood dream to be able to have their own tree house. Now you can sleep in a specifically made hotel suite built atop a tree in the Harads Municipality in Sweden. The most unique rooms are the Bird's Nest, a room exactly shaped like a bird nest; the Mirror Cube, a hide-out with reflective outside walls. The rate of each room starts from about $800 per night.The Manta Resort, TanzaniaThe Manta Resort in Tanzania is one of the world's only hotels with rooms placed below the surface of the ocean. By opening the curtains of your windows, you'll be able to see hundreds of fish swimming peacefully around your room. Want to go for a swim? Climb out of your room and jump in the clear waters! For only $250 a night, you, too, can sleep with the fishes.Book and Bed, JapanReading before sleeping is something that many people do. Book and Bed, a 30-room hotel in the heart of Tokyo takes advantage of this by conveniently placing a lot of books in shelves just an arm's reach away from your bed. The rooms at this hotel are small enough for a single adult. Reading yourself to sleep in one of their comfortable rooms will cost only about $40 a night, Tianzi Hotel, ChinaThe largest image hotel in the world is the Tianzi Hotel in Hebei Province, China. The hotel is a description of the three ancient Chinese gods of Fu, Lu, and Shou- the god of fortune, prosperity, and longevity, respectively. To enter it, simply open the door located in Shou's foot.The peach resting in the God of Longevity's left hand is a one-bedroom suite with a perfect view of the busy city. Rates at the Tianzi Hotel start as cheap as $11 a night.21．What can we know about Tree hotel?A．It is made of wood. B．It is made on a tree.C．It is called the Mirror Cube. D．It is named after a bird nest.22．What can we do in the Manta Resort?A．Live in the Bird's Nest. B．Swim in the ocean.C．Read before sleep. D．Enjoy the busy city.23．Which hotel most probably has the smallest room?A．Tree Hotel. B．The Manta Resort.C．Book and Bed. D．Tianzi Hotel.BLast month, my husband and I completed what some of our friends considered a foolish task: a 32-day, 5, 232-mile camping trip with children in our V olkswagen van, without ''high-tech'' to occupy the children.It was the screen less journey that showered me with doubts. But is ''boredom'' senseless? My friend Renee, who has driven cross-country with her three kids eight times, calls boredom the mother of creativity. She's not the only one who sees virtue in blank time. In a recently published paper, researchers at East Anglia University in England concluded that the trance like (发呆的) state helps recharge the mind and is ''central to learning and creativity''. I wasn't trying to make my kids smarter. Neither do I dislike high-tech. But I understand too well the power of mini screens to transform our kids into zombies (木讷的人) .On Day 1, our 7-year-old son announced ''Texas is so boring!''. The next day, struggling against his seat belt, he yelled he couldn't take much more of this. His 5-year-old sister was better at the long hours playing make-believe with the stuffed animals. On Day 3, he began+count mountains and see pandas and dolphins in distant clouds in the Texas sky. I often joined the kids in the back, where we did thumb-and-toe wrestle. With well-known mountains ahead, my husband told the children the past legends of them. ''Arizona is not as boring as Texas,'' our son declared.I hope the trip gave kids some lazy, unstructured time to learn something about valuing the trip instead of looking for the fastest way to burn it up. I don't always make the right call as a parent but I know that in banning the small screen we made the right choice this time.24．Why did the author choose a high-tech free journey?A．Her friends are highly against it.B．She disliked advanced technology.C．She feared the passive influence of mini-screens.D．The researchers proved the harm of modern technology.25．What happened during the cross-country drive?A．Their son got worse at boredom.B．Her kids had a tough time riding in the vehicle.C．Their son relieved himself by watching animals outside.D．The time spent without screens strengthened the family bond.26．The underlined part ''the fastest way'' in the last paragraph refers to______ .A．the speediest route to finish the journeyB．the ability to observe the surroundingsC．the interest of playing games with othersD．the choice of killing time by playing digital devices27．Which is the best title for the text?A．Is Driving Long Distances Good for Children?B．A Touching Cross-country Trip of My FamilyC．What's Wrong with Boredom without High-tech?D．Creative Kids out of Parents' Reasonable ChoiceCClothing rental is a hot new industry and retailers (零售商) are demanding to get on board in hopes of attracting green shopper.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it, and if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline investigated (调查) this question and concluded that it's not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented —receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.She writes, ''An item ordered online and then returned can send out 20 kilograms of carbon each way, and increases up to 50 kilograms for rush shipping. By comparison, the carbon impact of a pair of jeans purchased from a physical store and washed and worn at home is 33.4 kilograms, according to a 2015 study by Levi's.''Then there's the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it's returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry cleaning, a high impact and polluting process. All the rental services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene (氯乙烯), a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutant, still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with alternatives, although these aren't great either.Lastly, Cline fears that rental services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply becauseit's so easily accessible. There's something called ''share washing'' that makes people waste more precisely because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this, advertised as ''a way to share rides and limit car ownership.'' and yet ''it has been proven to discourage walking,bicycling, and public transportation use.''Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them in the dustbin after a few wears, but we shouldn't let the availability of these services make us too satisfied. There's an even better step — that's wearing what is already in the closet.28．What is Elizabeth Cline's attitude toward clothing rental?A．Approving. B．Unfavorable. C．Objective. D．Enthusiastic.29．The Uber example in Paragraph 6 indicates that ________ .A．rental services are on the riseB．clothing rental will be as successful as UberC．renting clothes might waste more than expectedD．renting clothes might make people lose interest in fast fashion30．The author suggests that we should ________ .A．give up renting any clothing B．purchase inexpensive clothesC．rent clothes rather than buy them D．make full use of clothes we've possessed31．What is the passage mainly about?A．Clothing rental is a new fashion.B．Clothing rental is retailers' preference.C．Renting clothes is not that eco-friendly.D．Renting-clothes business is in a dilemma.DLike infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are epidemic (传染的). But why some travel far and wide while equally good ones has been a mystery? Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to simulate (模仿) how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics”than equally good ideas from less famous places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder.“This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads,” says senior author Aaron Clauset.Not only is this unfair—“it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon university, who was not involved in the study. “There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarships, is not as good because of this.”The Colorado researchers first looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new faculty member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time--and in 81 percent of those cases, transmissions took place from higher – to lower-prestige (声望) universities. Then the team simulated the spread of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” depended on the prestige of the originating institution.The researchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities.” Clauset says. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places. he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people d on’t know because they’re not even paying attention.”32. How did the scientists carry out their research?A. By making use of a model.B. By analyzing previous data.C. By comparing different results.D. By interviewing different people.33. According to Simon DeDeo, what can we infer in Paragraph 3?A. All the people with higher education have good ideas.B. Some scholarships aren’t given to the right people.C. Most good ideas come from not-so-great institutions.D. People with higher education should work in top institutions.34. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. The causes of the results.B. The importance of the research.C. The findings of the research.D. The characteristics of big ideas.35. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Spread good ideas as far as possible.B. Best ideas come from top institutions.C. Save good ideas from less famous places.D. Ideas from top institutions travel farther.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。