英语词法名词复数及所有格
英语词法名词复数及所有格
在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。
下面从几个方面，总结出了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语句法的同学，可以参考一下：
一、初一英语语法——词法
1、名词
A）、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：
一）在后面加s。
如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。
如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, f axes
三）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-d uties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。
如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。
如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: to matoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。
如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, glove s, clothes, socks
八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员
九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。
如：action movie-action mo vies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。
如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十）有的单复数意思不同。
如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类, paper纸papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作works作品，工厂, glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水or
anges橙子, light光线lights灯, people人peoples民族, time时间times时代, 次数, c hicken 鸡肉chickens 小鸡
十一）单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。
如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。
但如是缩略词则只加s。
如：IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二）特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B）名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。
构成如下：
一）单数在后面加’s。
如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是之s结尾的与单数一样处理。
如：Teac hers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。
如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）。
初中英语语法知识点全解
初中英语语法一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。
如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。
如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。
如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如：now, very,here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语：是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词：说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如：Jack cleansthe room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语：在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
英语语法初中基础知识大全
英语语法初中基础知识大全一、词法（一）名词1. 名词的分类普通名词：如book（书）、tree（树）、student（学生）等。
可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
专有名词：表示特定的人、地方、组织、机构等名称，如China（中国）、Tom（汤姆）、the Great Wall（长城）等。
首字母一般大写。
2. 名词的数可数名词有单数和复数形式。
规则变化：一般在词尾加s，如cat cats，dog dogs。
以s，x，ch，sh 结尾的名词，加es，如bus buses，box boxes，watch watches，brush brushes。
以辅音字母+ y 结尾的名词，把y 改i 再加es，如city cities，factory factories；但以元音字母+ y 结尾的名词，直接加s，如boy boys，day days。
以 f 或fe 结尾的名词，把 f 或fe 改为v 再加es，如knife knives，wife wives；但也有一些直接加s，如roof roofs。
不规则变化：如man men，woman women，child children，foot feet，tooth teeth 等。
不可数名词没有复数形式，如water（水）、milk（牛奶）、bread（面包）等。
计量时要用“数词+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词”的结构，如 a glass of water（一杯水），two pieces of bread（两片面包）。
3. 名词的所有格’s 所有格：一般在名词后加’s，如Mary’s book（玛丽的书）。
以s 结尾的复数名词，直接加’，如the students’ desks（学生们的课桌）。
表示两人或多人共有某物时，只在最后一个名词后加’s；若分别拥有，则每个名词后都加’s，如Tom and Jim’s room（汤姆和吉姆共有的房间）；Tom’s and Jim’s rooms（汤姆的房间和吉姆的房间）。
英语中所有词的分类词法
名词
bee cat book apple desk dog friend
water milk air beauty happiness bread juice
可数名词
不可数名词
6
易混淆的小词们
bread paper money news sugar salt beer
可数名词
独立的个 体
不可塑型
wife → wives 妻子拿刀在割粮，knives
wolf
shelf
架后窜出一匹狼，wolve
shelves
就像小偷逃命亡。s
thief → thieves
life
lives
24
roof belief
roofs beliefs
Ps:以f/fe结尾的名词+s变复数的
25
wife (妻子)
leaf (树叶)
photo photos
Ps:以o结尾的名词+s变复数 的
19
zoo piano radio photo studio bamboo
zoos pianos radios photos studios bamboos
Ps:以o结尾的名词+s变复数 的
20
babyy ladyy familyy countryy
wolf (狼)
roof (屋顶)
wives leaves wolves roofs
man
men
woman
women
policeman policemen
policewoman policewomen
不规则变化： ① a→e
27
foot feet tooth teeth goose geese [gu:s] [gi:s]
[英语词法总结] 名词词法总结
![[英语词法总结] 名词词法总结](https://360docs-1393072327.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/adb1f28e80eb6294dc886c04.webp)
[英语词法总结] 名词词法总结词法总结一、名词1、可数名词复数：一般情况在词尾+S以s ，x ，ch ，sh ，结尾的词+es bus→buses，class→classes，box→boxes，watch→watches，push→pushes。
★stomach →stomachs以辅音母加y 结尾的词变“y”为“i”再+esfactory→factories, country→countries,family→families。
★以元音字母加y 结尾的名词的复数形式只加s boy→boys, day→days。
以o 结尾的词多数都+es hero→heroes，negro →negroes, potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes。
★词末为两个元音字母的词只+s zoo→zoos，radio→radios，★某些外来词只+s：photo→photos，piano→pianos。
★注意：zero →zeros / zeroes － zero 既可+s，也可+es。
以f 或fe 结尾的词，多数变f 为v 再加-es ，例如：knife→knives，leaf→leaves,half→halves,shelf →shelves , thief →thieves , 但:roof →roofs , chief →chiefs ,handkerchief →handkerchiefs少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man→men，woman→women，tooth→teeth，foot→feet，child→children，mouse→mice。
★man 和woman 构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women 。
a n Englishman，two Englishmen。
★German 不是合成词，复数Germans★如：men workers， women teachers。
中考英语语法讲解之名词词法
【中考英语语法汇总】名词语法讲解（一）名词概述名词用来表示人或事物的名称。
名词可分为专有名词和普通名词，普通名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单复数形式，不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词连用。
在考试命题中，主要是考察可数、不可数名词的区分，以及量词修饰的使用。
考试的题型主要是选择题和词性转换。
另外，名词的所有格也是重要的考查部分，主要是区分's和of的用法。
（二）基础知识梳理1. 名词复数形式的构成1）规则变化（1）一般名词后面加s。
如：month-months，bird-birds。
（2）以s，ss，x，ch，sh结尾的名词，后面加es。
如：bus-buses，boss-bosses，box-boxes，match-matches，brush-brushes。
（3）以o结尾的名词，有的加es，如：patato-patatoes，mango-mangoes，tomato-tomatoes；有的加s，如：radio-radios，zoo-zoos，piano-pianos。
（4）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es。
如：factory-factories，city-cities。
以元音字母加y结尾的名词，直接加s，如：toy-toys，day-days。
（5）以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v再加es。
如：knife-knives，wolf-wolves（例外：roof-roofs，chief-chiefs），scarf-scarfs或scarves。
2）不规则变化（1）改元音字母，构成复数。
如：man-men，woman-women，foot-feet，fisherman-fishermen，tooth-teeth，mouse-mice（例外：German-Germans，walkman-walkmans,human-humans）。
（2）单复数形式一样。
如：sheep-sheep，Chinese-Chinese，Japanese-Japanese，deer-deer，fish-fish。
英语语法名词用法
初中英语语法学习提纲一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。
如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。
如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。
如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
初中英语语法 名词
初中英语语法词法部分（一）名词考点一：名词单复数（了解）名词的种类：英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：规则名词复数的变化：Tip：变fe为ves的口诀：小偷和妻子用架子上的刀结束了树叶和狼的生命。
不规则名词复数：考点二：名词所有格（了解）名词在句中表示所属关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格，相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。
所有格分三种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。
前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。
三是双重所有格.（1）所有格的构成（2）有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词，也可以加's构成所有格。
（3）of所有格的用法：用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book, a map of the world , the story of a hero , the windows of the room , the title of the film（4）双重所有格在意义上与"one of..."相似：名词专项训练（一）一．选择题（）1、"It depends on my ______decision．"the mother said and looked at her two sons．A．childrens' B．children's C．child D．child's（）2、10 September is on ________Day.A TeacherB TeachersC Teacher’sD Teachers’（）3、On Day, we should give our best wishes to our mothers.A WomanB Women’sC Woman’sD Women’s（）4、Do you know when is Day.A FathersB Father’sC Fathers’Father（）5、Fruit is good for health，so I often have breakfast with one．A．candy B．cakeC．banana D．hamburger（）6、﹣The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive．﹣Don't worry．You can enjoy yourself．It's my _________．A．time B．treat C．task D．taste（）7、﹣Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera．﹣That's true．It's an important part of Chinese____________．A．culture B．invention C．custom（）8、The New Silk Road will offer a good _____ for more nations to communicate．A．chance B．habit C．question D．price（）9、Each couple in China can have two_____from January 1st，2016A．boy B．girl C．children D．child（）10、It's sports time．Most ________ students in Class 1are playing football on the playground．（）A．boy B．boys C．boy's D．boys'（）11、we should show our respects to those，they are very important to us.A woman doctorB women doctorC women doctorsD women doctor（）12、Those are all from famous colleges.A man teachersB men teachersC man’s teachersD men’s teachers（）13、I need to buy a pair of shoes，do you know where I can find a shop?A shoesB shoe'sC shoes’D shoe（）14、Our school will have a meeting tomorrow, we are all very excited.A sportB sportsC sport’sD sports’（）15、There is a new store near my home ，would you go with me ?A clothB clotheC clothesD clothes’（）16、Yibin is one of the most beautiful ____in Sichuan．A．city B．cities C．citys D cityies（）17、Do you know one of the name ? （）A masterB mastersC masters’D master’s（）18、He is one of the best in our school. （）A studentB studentsC students’D student’s（）19、﹣There are many _____ about this farm．﹣Yes，lots of _____ are planted on it．（）A．photo；potato B．photos；potatosC．photos；potatoes D．photoes；potatoes（）20、Tom’s familylarge , there are only four in it.A aren't ；people；B isn't ；peoplesC aren't ；peoplesD isn't ；people（）21、His familyall music lovers.A isB areC beD were（）22、The government going to build a dam here.A isB areC beD was（）23、The government having meetings on how to solve the air problem.A areB isC wereD be（）24、the police looking for him everywhere.（）A areB isC amD be（）25、﹣How far is your home from school？﹣About ______ ride．（）A．ten minute's B．ten minutes' C．ten minutes（）26、There'll be a ________meeting next week，and my parents will ______come for it．A．parents'；all B．parents'；bothC．parent's；all D．parent's；both（）27、﹣Are you sure this is a photo _______，the famous comedy actress？﹣It surprised you，didn't it？But she was once really thin．A．Jia Ling B．Jia Ling'sC．of Jia Ling D．of Jia Ling's（）28、"John，is the book on the desk yours？""No，it's my ．She left it here yesterday．"A．sister's B．sister C．sisters'（）29、room is big and nice．A．Kate's and Jane's B．Kate's and JaneC．Kate and Jane's（）30、﹣Mike，what club do you want to join？﹣Well，I want to join the club．I love painting．A．chess B．sports C．art D．English（）31、Peter did't tell his parents that he was going home because he wanted to give them a_______A．note B．surprise C．call D．gift（）32、﹣Whatdo you like？﹣I like playing tennis and running．A．subjects B．music C．sports（）33、Lily often helps her mother do some cooking in the ______．A．kitchen B．garden C．bathroom D．bedroom（）34、The broken ______may cut into your hand if you touch it，you should be careful．A．glass B．glasses C．candle D．Candles（）35、﹣Mom，I will eat less fast food this year，believe me．﹣If you make a ________，you must keep it．A．joke B．noise C．mistake D．promise（）36、﹣﹣﹣Look!So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there．﹣﹣﹣They're for public．This ______ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang city．A．number B．pair C．kind D．piece（）37、He was born in Germany，but he has made China his ______．A．family B．address C．house D．home（）38、It's cold today．Take your______ with you when you go out．A．knife B．coat C．brush D．key（）39、﹣Who is the person you admire the most？﹣Qian Xuesen，the Father of China's Missiles．He is the ______ of China．A．leader B．pride C．voice（）40、﹣﹣﹣Why did Lucy look unhappy？﹣﹣﹣Because she was so careless that she made many spelling____in her homework．A．friends B．plans C．decisions D．mistakes（）41、Some old people need a _______ because they feel lonely．A．gift B．stick C．pet D．watch（）42、﹣﹣﹣It's hot today．Have some ________，please．﹣﹣﹣No，thanks．I'm not thirsty at all．A．water B．potatoes C．bread D．cakes（）43、When the man went through the forest alone，he lost his _______ and felt afraid．A．Task B．work C．way D．Job（）44、﹣﹣Are you going out with Jade tonight？﹣﹣That's my ．Mind your own!A．offer B．Business C．question D．chance（）45、Your _______ is very helpful．I guess I'll take it．A．secret B．advice C．promise D．purpose名词专项训练（二）1.my cousin likes doing （体育）.2.Do you know any of the (child ) name ?3.They come from . they are . (England)4.She is a good (swim).5.(swim ) in the river is dangerous.6.How many (年级) are there in your school ?7.The (主人) of the dogs look after them well.8.The (swim) are trying their best.9.This picture is my (表弟).10.These cloths are those (swim).11.One of the basketball (play) is from England.12.Do you know the (run) over there ?13.The book must be one of my (teacher).14.We have eleven tennis (play) in our new team.15.This is our (one) lesson.16.I hope Li Hua’s (dream) come true.17.The bag isn’t mine , it must be someone (else) .18.You can find Lily in the(read) room.19.Those doctors saved a lot of people, they are my (hero).20.My friends like playing (football)4．After class，children went out of their classroom to enjoy the（warm）of the sun．5．There were（thousand）of people at the concert．6．There used to be many（wolf），but only a few of them remain today．7．A dictionary is useful for us to understand new words．（改为复数形式）useful for us to understand new words．8．By the end of this month，people in Beijing will be able to brush their（tooth）with water from Hubei．9．Please accept our best w（祝愿）for your exams．10．In the famous competition，（获胜者）always get very good prize．11．Having a good is necessary for us all．（educate）12．I saw some（German）and Englishmen dancing in the street the day before yesterday．13．He Jiong，a host from Hunan TV，was very famous in his（twenty）．14．Emily published her fifth two﹣million﹣word novel in her．（thirty）15．may live in the deep ocean some day．（human）16．The program introduced how the police dealt with two in the small town．（robbery）17．Leaving the windows open is just inviting to enter．（thief）18．We had to go there on foot．After the two（hour）walk，we were tired out．19．It's lime lo have a rest．Let's go out for a（呼吸）of fresh air．20．When I was younger，my h was collecting stamps，but now I like painting．21．There is no doubt that Moyan is a great（succeed）with Nobel Prize．22．He made a（decide）not to spend too much time playing video games．23．Don't be afraid of making．They help you learn．（mistake）24．Thousands of（visitor）come to my hometown Suqian every year．25．The soldier saved the boy from the flood with a piece of．（wooden）26．Lots of people surf the Internet to look for some about the missing plane．（information ）27．Which team do you think will be the（win）of the 20th FIFA World Cup？28．My father's job is different from those（spaceman）．29．After so many（year）practice，Li Na is a well﹣known tennis player．30．In my hometown，lots of trees are full of green all year round．（leaf）31．Thanks to your（suggest），l got to complete the job in time．32．Look at the（photo）．How beautiful they are!33．Our modern times need more and more（hero）for us to learn from．34．The kangaroo comes from Australia．It eats grass and（leaf）．35．It is well﹣known that there are four（季节）in a year．36．Many people do not know the（important）of the wetlands．37．The beautiful toy car is（Bob）．38．（child）Day is my favourite festival in the year．39．David is good at drawing and he's going to be an（art）when he grows up．40．We do lots of outdoor（active）when spring comes．41．He is friendly to his classmates，and has made many（friend）here．42．Many new（potato）will grow from one potato planted in the ground．43．Look，Mum!All the boxes in the room are filled with（蔬菜）．44．Several（foreign）came to visit our school last week．45．The teachers often talk to us about the of smoking．（dangerous）46．What a heavy！Take an umbrella when you go out．47.Now I can speak in English and keep (日记) in English.48.How many (手表) do you have ?49.What time is it ? it is a (一刻钟) past one .50.Every day ,we do morning (锻炼) at school.51.Thanks for your (祝愿).52.It’s good for our eyes to do eye (锻炼).53.Are there any in your school ? yes, we often go to read books in it.54.We enjoy watching the (firework) on New Year's Eve.1．（2016•平顶山一模）There is no enough ____ in the fridge to put the meat．（）A．space B．place C．floor D．ground2．（2016•济南一模）﹣Why do you look so excited，Timmy？﹣I've just got a good________．（）A．news B．job C．advice D．work3．（2016•济南一模）Mike and his friends are going to the ________to see the new movie tonight．（）A．bookshop B．restaurant C．cinema D．concert二．填空题（共43小题）4．（2015•临沂）After class，children went out of their classroom to enjoy the___ （warm）of the sun．5．（2015•临沂）There were_____ （thousand）of people at the concert．6．（2015•安顺）There used to be many（wolf），but only a few of them remain today．7．（2015•上海）A dictionary is useful for us to understand new words．（改为复数形式）Dictionarie useful for us to understand new words．8．（2015•临沂）By the end of this month，people in Beijing will be able to brush their____（tooth）with water from Hubei．9．（2015•安徽）Please accept our best w （祝愿）for your exams．10．（2015•青岛）In the famous competition，（获胜者）always get very good prize．11．（2015•红河州二模）Having a good is necessary for us all．（educate）12．（2015•兴化市一模）I saw some（German）and Englishmen dancing in the street the day before yesterday．13．（2015•兴化市一模）He Jiong，a host from Hunan TV，was very famous in his______（twenty）．14．（2015•青浦区二模）Emily published her fifth two﹣million﹣word novel in her．（thirty）15．（2015•闸北区二模）may live in the deep ocean some day．（human）16．（2015•浦东新区一模）The program introduced how the police dealt with two_______in the small town．（robbery）17．（2015•闸北区一模）Leaving the windows open is just inviting to enter．（thief）18．（2015•泗阳县模拟）We had to go there on foot．After the two（hour）walk，we were tired out．19．（2014•连云港）It's lime to have a rest．Let's go out for a（呼吸）of fresh air．20．（2014•广州）When I was younger，my h was collecting stamps，but now I like painting．21．（2014•鄂州）There is no doubt that Moyan is a great（succeed）with Nobel Prize．22．（2014•西藏）He made a（decide）not to spend too much time playing video games．23．（2014•上海）Don't be afraid of making．They help you learn．（mistake）24．（2014•宿迁）Thousands of（visitor）come to my hometown Suqian every year．25．（2014•上海）The soldier saved the boy from the flood with a piece of．（wooden）26．（2014•贵阳）Lots of people surf the Internet to look for some about the missing plane．（information ）27．（2014•盐城）Which team do you think will be the（win）of the 20th FIFA World Cup？28．（2014•东台市二模）My father's job is different from those（spaceman）．29．（2013•兰州）After so many（year）practice，Li Na is a well﹣known tennis player．30．（2012•迪庆州）In my hometown，lots of trees are full of green all year round．（leaf）31．（2012•兰州）Thanks to your（suggest），l got to complete the job in time．32．（2012•徐州）Look at the（photo）．How beautiful they are!33．（2012•泰州）Our modern times need more and more（hero）for us to learn from．34．（2012•钦州）The kangaroo comes from Australia．It eats grass and（leaf）．35．（2012•泰安）It is well﹣known that there are four seasons（季节）in a year．36．（2012•盐城）Many people do not know the（important）of the wetlands．37．（2012•西藏）The beautiful toy car is（Bob）．38．（2012•宿迁）（child）Day is my favourite festival in the year．39．（2011•临沂）David is good at drawing and he's going to be an（art）when he grows up．40．（2011•烟台）We do lots of outdoor（active）when spring comes．41．（2011•广元）He is friendly to his classmates，and has made many（friend）here．42．（2011•西藏）Many new（potato）will grow from one potato planted in the ground．43．（2011•兰州）Look，Mum! All the boxes in the room are filled with（蔬菜）．44．（2011•广西）Several（foreign）came to visit our school last week．45．（2011•昭通）The teachers often talk to us about the of smoking．（dangerous）46．（2011•吉林）What a heavy！Take an umbrella when you go out．。
英语词法
英语词法一．名词英语名词是英语学习的基础，名词的词法也是最先要学会的。
名词需要掌握的有以下四个方面：1.名词的分类。
分为普通名词food，fruit；专有名词Sophie，Beijing;抽象名词time，space。
2.名词的数。
名词有可数与不可数之分，如apple可数，water不可数。
可数与不可数的区分在于是否可以量化。
可数名词又有单数与复数之分。
单数变复数有以下6种情况。
【1】一般情况下，在词尾加s，如pear-pears【2】单词以o，s，x，ch结尾的，在词尾加es。
如fox-foxes，watch-watches。
其中以o结尾的词多数都加es，但下列两类只加s：词尾为两个元音字母的词和某些外来词，还可以参考有生命的动植物加es，无生命的加s。
有极少数词例外，如kangaroo-kangaroos。
【3】单词以f，fe结尾变复数，需要去掉f，fe变成v加es。
如knife-knives，wife-wives。
【4】单词以y结尾变复数，需要把y变i加es。
如family-families，candy-candies，daisy-daisies。
【5】单复数同形。
如sheep，fish，deer，works，means，Swiss，Chinese，people。
【6】特殊情况。
如man-men，woman-women，policeman-policemen，child-children。
3.名词的格名词的格有两种情况，一种是名词所有格，表示所属关系。
的【1】有生命的人或物的所有格用’s表示，有时也可以用of表示。
如 a man’s voice=the voice of the man。
【2】以s结尾的单数普通名词后仍然加’s,如The boss’s son，was arrogant to all the employees.若是以s结尾的复数名词，其后则只加撇号。
如This shop sells ladies’ hats.You don’t belong in the beginners’ class.【3】若是以s结尾的专有名词，则既可以只加撇号，也可以加’s【4】若是几个人共有的，在最后一个姓名后加’s。
初中英语语法大全(学霸必备)
初中英语语法大全(学霸必备)学霸人手一份的中考提分初中英语语法大全，为初中生提供了研究英语语法的基础知识。
首先，要学好单词和短语，因为语法研究的基础是掌握单词的形态变化即词法。
之后，要掌握好九种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句、定语从句及宾语从句的复合句等具体的语法研究内容。
掌握好初中语法知识，将加快英语研究的进程。
本文归纳了词法、八种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握三种基本从句，希望对广大中学生们有所帮助。
一、词法1.名词：可数不可数，复数变化规则，所有格1.1名词的可数与不可数可数名词表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量，如物质名词与抽象名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，也没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。
需要注意的是，许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数，如chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。
1.2名词复数的规则变化一般情况下加-s。
以s。
x。
ch。
sh,结尾的加-es。
以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es。
以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es。
1.3名词的所有格单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。
表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s，若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’ s。
如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。
名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。
如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。
2.代词：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词2.1人称代词2.2 Possessive PronounsXXX possessive pronoun must always be followed by a noun。
初中英语语法归纳总结
初中英语语法归纳总结一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。
如：who, she, you,it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。
如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。
如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。