高二语法练习if条件句及虚拟语气
高中英语if条件虚拟语气
英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气（用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
）虚拟语气的考点：1•条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3•名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4•几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；5.虚拟语气时态的判定。
一、If引导的虚拟条件句区别：If it rains tomorrow，the crops will be saved.陈述语气If it rained tomorrow，the crops would be saved.虚拟语气真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真：eg .If he doesn' hurry up, he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。
（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。
（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）非真：eg. If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。
（非真实条件状语从句）二、虚拟语气在条件从句中：【例句】1.If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would have met him.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。
（与过去事实相反）2.lf it were sunny tomorrow, i would come to see you.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。
（与将来事实可能相反）3.lf i were you, i would go at once.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。
（与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你）主从句的谓语形式（一）与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况，例 1.lf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
if的虚拟语气的用法例句
if的虚拟语气的用法例句一、if的虚拟语气简介虚拟语气是英语中一种特殊的语法现象，常用于表示假设情况、与实际情况相反的条件或无法实现的愿望等。
if引导的条件句中，根据其所表示的条件类型和时间性质，使用不同形式的虚拟语气。
二、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气1. 假设条件：如果+动词过去式（be动词用were）例句：If I were a bird, I would fly high in the sky.2. 假设条件：如果+动词过去完成时（had + 过去分词）例句：If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.三、与现在事实相反但可能实现的虚拟语气1. 假设条件：如果+动词过去式（be动词用were）结果：主将从现例句：If it rained tomorrow, I would stay at home.2. 假设条件：如果+动词过去完成时（had + 过去分词）结果：主将从现完成例句：If he had invited me, I would have gone to the party.四、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气1. 假设条件：如果+主语+had + 动词过去分词结果：主语+would/could/might + have + 过去分词例句：If I had known the truth, I would have made a different decision.2. 假设条件：如果+主语+had not +过去分词形式，结果也用一般过去时态例句：If we hadn't missed the train, we would have arrived on time.五、与将来事实相反的虚拟语气1. 假设条件：如果+动词过去式（be动词用were）结果：主将从现（应该+动词原形）例句：If they were here, they would help us.2. 假设条件：如果+should/were to/might/could/would + 动词原形结果：主将从现（应该+动词原形）例句：If he should call, please ask him to wait.六、虚拟语气中常用的连词和引导短语1. if: 引导条件状语从句，表示假设情况。
虚拟语气(讲义及练习)
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的难以实现的愿望或假设，或者表达建议，命令，劝告等语气，不表示客观事实。
虚拟语气是通过谓语动词的词性变换来实现的。
I.带If条件句的虚拟语气3．需要注意的几点重要问题1)should通常只用于第一人称，would可用于任何人称。
有时候也可用might,could。
2)一般情况下，主从句所指的时间是一致的，但有时候也可能不一致，这时候应对主句和从句的时间分别进行分析，从而确定主从句谓语动词各自的正确形式。
1)If you had taken his advice, you wouldn’t be in such a big trouble now.2)If I had finished my homework yesterday, I would go out with you tomorrow.3)当If条件句中含有were, had, should的时候，可以省略if，并将were, had, 或should移到句首形成倒装，句子的其余部分保持不变。
1)Had she got more money, she would have finished his MA study.2)Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.3)Were I in school again, I would work harder.4)Were I to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about the result.II.含蓄条件句有些条件句中并不出现if，而是使用介词短语（but for; with; without等）或是连接词（but; but that; or; otherwise等），此时并不是全句都需要使用虚拟语气，要根据具体的句意来确定句子应该使用虚拟语气的部分，并按照含有if条件句虚拟语气的主句谓语动词变换规则进行动词变换。
(完整版)if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。
该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。
一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类：1).真实条件句（Sentences of Real Condition）：凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大，就是真实条件句。
例如：⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。
(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话，我们就一起去钓鱼。
）2).虚拟条件句（Sentences of Unreal Condition）：当假设是不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。
例如：⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话，就去参加会议了。
⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友。
⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.（如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。
）2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。
②与现在事实相反。
③与将来事实可能相反。
3、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
if引导的虚拟条件句
if引导的虚拟条件句1、虚拟语气If引导的真实条件句(16)：1.主将从现Ifsheshowsup,we’llstickwithher.I’llgiveyouacallifanything comesup.语法深化I’llkickyououtifdon’tlistentome.2.主祈从现Catchmeifyoucan.Lovemeifyoudare.Ifhecomes,heisgoingtobringh isviolin.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句：1.与如今事实相反的假设条件从句主句一般过去时should(wouldcould)+动词原形语法深化假如我是你，我不会让他走。
=If2、Iwereyou,Iwouldnotlethimgo.假如我能飞，你就抓不到我。
=IfIcouldfly,youwouldnotcatchme.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句：2.与将来事实相反的假设条件从句主句一般过去时should(wouldcould)+动词原形动词原型语法深化Wereto+Should+动词原型Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosuc ceed,everythingwouldbeallright.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句：3.与过去事实相反的假设条件从句3、主句Haddonewould,should,could+havedone语法深化Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.Ifheha dnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogr ess.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句：4.混合虚拟语气Ifyou_______himyesterday,you______whattodonow.(ask,know)语法深化〔从句与过去事实相反，主句与如今事实相反。
英语语法之虚拟语气
分类
1.if虚拟条件句 2.其他句式虚拟 3. 名词性从句中的虚拟
分类
1.if虚拟条件句
如果我是个女孩，那我就……
If I am a girl, I will …
如果我是个女孩，那我就……
If I am a girl, I will …
were
would
判断下面两件事， 发生可能性的大小。
I am hungry now because I didn’t eat dinner.
如果我吃了晚饭，现在就不饿了。
If I had eaten dinner, I wouldn’t be hungry now.
The room is full of flies because you left the door open.
If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off. A. were to rain B. was to rain C. was raining D. had rained
If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off. A. were to rain B. was to rain C. was raining D. had rained
蓝教练是女教练，吕教练是男教练。 蓝南是男篮主力，吕楠是女篮主力。 吕教练在男篮训练蓝南，蓝教练在女篮训练吕楠 。
没有大量练习，你就发不对音。
蓝教练是女教练，吕教练是男教练。 蓝南是男篮主力，吕楠是女篮主力。 吕教练在男篮训练蓝南，蓝教练在女篮训练吕楠 。
没有大量练习，你就发不对音。
But for much practice，you could not pronounce correctly.
if 条件句虚拟语气
if 条件句虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语气，用来表示与事实相反或假设的情况。
在if条件句中，虚拟语气通常用来表达非真实的、假设的情况。
本文将列举10个以if条件句虚拟语气为主题的例子，并对其进行详细解释。
1. If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我很富有，我会环游世界。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不富有，因此无法实现环游世界的愿望。
2. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.如果我学得更努力，我就能通过考试了。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表示对过去情况的假设，暗示说我没有努力学习，所以没有通过考试。
3. If I had a time machine, I would go back to the past and change some things.如果我有一台时间机器，我会回到过去改变一些事情。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我没有时间机器，因此无法改变过去的事情。
4. If I were the president, I would make education free for all.如果我是总统，我会让教育对所有人免费。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不是总统，所以无法实现让教育免费的目标。
5. If it didn't rain tomorrow, we could go hiking.如果明天不下雨，我们可以去远足。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对未来情况的假设，暗示说明天可能会下雨，所以无法去远足。
6. If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared a meal for you.如果我知道你要来，我会为你准备一顿饭。
if条件句中虚拟语气的用法
2）structure:
• 条件从句
动词过去式(be多用were)
主句
would/could/should/might+动词原形
3）eg: If I were a bird, I would fly to you.
If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.
虚拟语气过去时练习题
• 假如我知道你的地址，我早就给你写信了.
• If I had known your address, I would have written to you. • 假若你听从我的建议,你就不会考试不及格 了. • If you had taken my advice, you wouldn't have failed in the examination.
should get
I would hold a party for you.
虚拟语气将来时练习题
• 假如太阳从西边升起，我就听你的。 • If the sun were to rise in the west, I would follow you. • 要是他明天来了，我们会大感惊讶。 • If he should come tomorrow, we would be greatly surprised.
主句
would/could/should/might+have+
3)Eg:If we had started earlier,we should not have missed the train. 如果我们早点出发，我们本不该错过这趟火 车。 If she hadn’t been ill, she might have come. 如果她没生病，她就会来。
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高二语法练习if条件句及虚拟语气
一、单项选择
1. If I _____ where he lived, I _____ a note to him.
A. know, would have sent
B. had known, would have sent
C. know, would send
D. knew, would have sent 2. Mary is ill today. If she _____, she _____ absent from school.
A. were not ill; wouldn’t be
B. had been ill; wouldn’t have been
C. had been ill; should have been
D. hadn’t been ill; could be 3. He acted as if he _____ everything in the world.
A. knew
B. knows
C. has known
D. won't know 4. If you had enough money, what _____?
A. will you buy
B. would you buy
C. would you have bought
D. will you have bought 5. If Mr. Young _____ with justice, he _____ such a wrong thing.
A. were treated; wouldn’t do
B. had been t reated; wouldn’t have done
C. were treated; wouldn’t have done
D. had been treated; wouldn’t do
6. What _____ if there _____ no light during the day?
A. will happen; was
B. would happen; is
C. happens; were
D. would happen; were
7. The spokesman acted that way as if he _____ anything about the accident but actually he did.
A. doesn’t hear
B. didn’t hear
C. haven’t heard
D. hadn’t heard
8. If it ____ not for the fact that you ____ ill now, I would surely punish you.
A. is; are
B. were; were
C. were; are
D. was; were
9. Many Chinese movie stars now have given up their Chinese nationality. If I were them,
I _____ that.
A. shouldn’t do
B. didn’t do
C. hadn’t done
D. won’t do
10. I want to get back by 5 o’c lock if _____.
A. likely
B. can
C. possible
D. probable
11. It seems as if it _____ already summer now but it is only February.
A. is
B. was
C. were
D. had been
12. If Henry had not pulled his cap low over his brow, he _____ by the police.
A. might be recognized
B. might have been recognized
C. would have recognized
D. was to have been recognized
13. There is a ring at the door. That _____ be the postman, I suppose.
A. will
B. would
C. is going to
D. was going to
14. Look at the dark clouds—there _____ be a storm.
A. will
B. must have been
C. is going to
D. would
15. —Why are you taking the pictures down?
—I _____ the wall.
A. paint
B. have just painted
C. am going to paint
D. will have painted 16. — Can I stay at home tomorrow?
—Yes, you can if it_____.
A. will snow
B. is going to snow
C. snows
D. snowed
17. I don’t know if he _____ this afternoon. But if he _____, I will tell you.
A. will come; will do;
B. comes; will do
C. will come; does
D. comes; does
18. —I thought I asked you to fix the radio.
—Oh, I’m sorry. I _____ it right away.
A. am to do
B. will do
C. was about to do
D. am going to do
19. The WTO can’t live up t o its name _____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
A. as long as
B. whether
C. if
D. even though
20. Ask him to ring me up if you _____ him.
A. see
B. saw
C. would see
D. will see
21. It’s so late. I don’t think he ______ come.
A. would
B. should
C. is going to
D. shall
22. If people _____ polluting the air, animals and plants will die soon.
A. don’t stop
B. didn’t stop
C. shall not stop
D. haven’t stopped
23. If you _____ an interesting day out, ______ the Science Museum.
A. want; visiting
B. want; visit
C. want to; visit
D. wanting; visit
24. If the pure water is heated to 100 centigrade degrees, it ______ boil.
A. is going to
B. will
C. would
D. is to
25. Is a dictionary available, _____ so, where?
A. if
B. if is
C. and if
D. and if is
二、翻译句子
26. 要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。
27. 如果下雨，庄稼就得救了。
28. 如果你昨天早点来，你就碰见他了。
29. 他那样对待我，好像我是他儿子似的。
30. 他们谈话的样子好像是多年的朋友一样。
31. 我想今天下午不会下雨。
32. 你下星期把车借给我行吗？
33. 发生的事我谁也不告诉。
34. 我们不准备在那里多呆。
35. 我难受极了，我想我要生病了。