模拟试题一
科目一模拟仿真考试题
科目一模拟仿真考试题一、选择题：1. 在行驶中，不得有下列哪种行为？A. 手持通话设备B. 驾驶人不能连续驾驶4小时的车辆C. 驾驶人驾车时不按规定使用安全带D. 驾驶人擅自超越前方车辆2. 下列哪种情况下可以使用远光灯？A. 晴天B. 夜间行车时，没有来车的情况下C. 雾天D. 下雨天3. 驾驶摩托车在道路上行驶时，下列哪种做法是正确的？A. 随意变换车道B. 骑车时不戴安全头盔C. 突然制动D. 绕过其他车辆左转4. 遇到下面哪种情况，应该鸣喇叭示警？A. 与其他车辆并行行驶B. 遇到开车门的车辆C. 驶过交叉路口时D. 路口处有红灯5. 在高速公路上行驶时，下列哪种行为是违法的？A. 车速在规定范围内B. 变更车道时打开转向灯C. 驾驶机动车在人行横道上或者路口、道路交叉口内停车D. 紧随前车行驶二、判断题：1. 超过标线行驶是可允许的。
（）2. 驾驶机动车下坡时可以空档滑行。
（）3. 驾驶人可以在城市驶入人行横道。
（）4. 机动车发生事故后可以私自离开现场。
（）5. 蹭渣滓车可以免费进出小区。
（）三、简答题：1. 请解释什么是机动车安全性？机动车的安全性是指车辆在行驶中的各种情况下，具有的稳定性、可靠性、制动性和防撞性等方面的性能。
安全性好的机动车能够提供更好的操控性和操作性，从而减少事故的发生，保障驾驶人和乘车人生命的安全。
2. 请解释什么是路权？路权是指对某一路段具有通行的权利。
在道路交通中，不同类型的车辆有不同的路权。
比如，警车、救护车等紧急情况下的特种车辆拥有最高的路权，其他车辆需要为其让行。
3. 在高速公路上行驶时，如何保持安全驾驶？在高速公路上行驶时，应注意以下几点：- 保持车距：与前车保持足够的安全距离，以防突发情况。
- 保持车速：遵守限速标志，不要超速驾驶，以免发生危险。
- 打开转向灯：变换车道时，应提前使用转向灯示意，确保其他车辆有足够时间反应。
- 不强行超车：只有在确保安全的情况下才可以超车。
管理会计模拟试题（1）（2）与参考答案（08、10）
管理会计模拟试题（ 1）一、单项选择题（每小题 1 分，共20 分）1．下列项目中，不属于能够揭示管理会计与财务会计之间共性特征的表述是()。
A ．两者都是现代会计的组成部分B．两者的具体目标相同C．两者共享部分信息D．两者相互制约、相互补充2．与弹性预算相对应的预算是 ()。
A ．固定预算B．零基预算C．增量预算D．定期预算3．下列各种销售预测方法中，没有考虑远近期销售业务量对未来销售状况会产生不同影响的方法是 ()。
A ．移动平均法B．算术平均法C．加权平均法D．平滑指数法4．某企业每月固定成本2000 元，单价 20 元，计划销售产品 500 件，欲实现目标利润1000，其单位变动成本应为 ()。
A．12B． 13C． 14D．155．经营杠杆系数是由于() 变动而使利润变动的敏感程度。
A ．单价B．单位变动成本C．固定成本D．销售量6．一般情况下，在产销量上升时，经营杠杆系数()。
A ．上升B．下降C．不变D．成正比例变动7．如果某项管理会计信息同时满足了相关性和可信性的要求，那么我们可以断定该信息在质量上符合 ()。
A ．真实性原则C．及时性原则8．如果企业每年提取折旧2000 元，所得税率为B．决策有用性原则D．灵活性原则40％，付现成本为3000 元，则由于计提折旧而减少的所得税额为()。
A．800 元C． 2000 元9．编制经营预算与财务预算的期间通常是A．1 个月C．半年(B． 1200 元D． 3000 元)。
B． 1 个季度D．1 年10．下列指标中，其分母为时期平均指标的是()。
A ．投资利润率B．年平均投资报酬率C．原始投资回收率D．静态投资回收期11．在进行标准成本差异分析时，不能区分为价差和量差的成本是() 。
A ．直接材料成本B ．直接人工成本C．固定制造费用 D ．变动制造费用12．在评价利润中心的指标中，理论上最优的选择是()。
A ．边际贡献C．部门边际贡献13．当企业按最优生产批量组织生产时，意味着B ．部门贡献D ．税前部门利润()。
考研英语模拟试题1及答案
考研英语模拟试题一及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 ."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty."Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1．[A] Unlike [B] Besides[C] Despite [D] Throughout2．[A] connected [B] restricted[C] equal [D] inferior3．[A] choice [B] view[C] lesson [D] host4．[A] recall [B] forget[C] avoid [D] keep5．[A] collecting [B] involving[C] guiding [D] affecting6．[A] of [B] in[C] at [D] on7．[A] devoted [B] exposed[C] lost [D] attracted8．[A] across [B] along[C] down [D] out9．[A] calculated [B] denied[C] doubted [D] imagined10．[A] served [B] required[C] restored [D] explained11．[A] Even [B] Still[C] Rather [D] Thus12．[A] defeats [B] symptoms[C] tests [D] errors13．[A] minimized [B] highlighted[C] controlled [D] increased14．[A] equipped [B] associated[C] presented [D] compared15．[A] assess [B] moderate[C] generate [D] record16．[A] in the face of [B] in the form of[C] in the way of [D] in the name of17．[A] transfer [B] commit[C] attribute [D] return18．[A] because [B] unless[C] though [D] until19．[A] emerges [B] vanishes[C] remains [D] decreases20．[A] experiences [B] combines[C] justifies [D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago's O'Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is thatairports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[B] highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current security checks.[D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection.22. which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travelers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word "expedited" (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to[A] faster.[B] quieter.[C] wider.[D] cheaper.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is[A] A dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] Its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] The government's reluctance to back it.[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2"The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers," wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island's inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMTsite was chosen to minimize the telescope's visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani's remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A] its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers' feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A] its geographical features[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today's astronomy[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians' hostility.30.The author's attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile." With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges , there are a number of consistent themes . Yes , there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash , but in key indicators in areas such as health and education , major economies have continued to decline . Yet this isn't the case with all countries . Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society , income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn : When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different .So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations , as a measure , it is no longer enough . It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes - all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth . But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress .31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness .[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP .[D]had a low opinion of GDP .32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy .[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP .33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?[A]It is sponsored by 163 countries .[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[C]Its criteria are questionable .[D]Its results are enlightening .34.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom .[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline .[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues .35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK Lesson[B]GDP Figures, a Window on Global Economic Health[C]Rebort F.Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK's Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court's decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell's trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his "official acts," or the former governor's decisions on "specific" and "unsettled" issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is "distasteful" and "nasty." But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an "official act".The court's ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery." The basic compact underlying representative government," wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court," assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns."But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader's source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society-that all are equal in treatment by government-is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court's ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell's duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell's conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell's ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] leaking secrets intentionally.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court's ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author's attitude toward the court's ruling is[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportivePart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches ,which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office -a respectable position, but wish little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, e traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D →41. →42. →43. →44. →B →45.【答案】41. [F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth42. [E] Soon after his father's release from prison43. [A]The first published sketch44. [C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared45. [G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker worldPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.【答案】(46) 但是即使当下英语使用者的人群还在进一步扩大，有迹象表明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐渐失去其全球主导地位。
工程测量模拟题1
模拟试题参赛队编号：参赛队员编号：一、单选题（60）1.绝对高程指的是地面点到（）的铅垂距离。
A.假定水准面B.水平面C.大地水准面D.地球椭球面2.目前,我国采用的高程基准是（）。
A.高斯平面直角坐标系B. 1956年黄海高程系C.2000国家大地坐标系D. 1985国家高程基准3.. 1985国家高程基准中我国的水准原点高程为（）。
A. 72.260 mB. 72.289 mC. 72.269 mD. 72.280m4.若A点的高程为85.76m，B点的高程为128.53m，设假定水准面高程为100m，并设为±0.00标高，则A、B点的标高为（）。
A. 85.76m，128.53mB. 14.24m，－28.53mC. －14.24m，28.53mD. －85.76m，－128.53m5.测量平面直角坐标系与数学直角坐标系有3点不同：①测量坐标系以过原点的子午线为X轴，②测量坐标系以X 轴正向为始边（），③测量坐标系原点坐标为两个大正整数。
A.逆时针定方位角与象限B.逆时针定象限角与象限C.顺时针定方位角与象限D.顺时针定象限角与象限6.测量工作的基本原则是从整体到局部、（）、从高级到低级。
A.先控制后细部B.先细部后控制C.控制与细部并行D.测图与放样并行7.通常认为，代表整个地球的形状是（）所包围的形体。
A.水准面B.参考椭球面C.大地水准面D.似大地水准面8.测量工作的基本原则是“从整体到局部、（）、由高级到低级”。
A.先控制后碎部B.先测图后控制C.控制与碎部并行D.测图与控制并行9.地球的近似半径为（）千米。
A.6471B.6371C.6271D.617110.在以（）km为半径的范围内，可以用水平面代替水准面进行距离测量。
A.5B.10C.15D.2011.已知A点在1956年黄海高程系中的高程为30.000m，则其在1985国家高程基准中的高程为（）m。
A.30.289 mB.30.389 mC.29.029 mD.29.971m12.若A点的高程为85.76m，B点的高程为128.53m，设假定水准面高程为100m，并设为±0.00标高，则A、B点的标高为（）。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试示范性试题(一)
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试英语科示范试题（一）本试卷满分150分考试用时120分钟【本示范卷说明：本卷由全国新高考地区各级优秀英语教师选编而成，试题排版严格按照高考试题排布。
命题质量高，仅供高三一线教学老师参考使用以便了解2023年高考命题动向，不作其他使用】第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Which gate should the woman go to?A．Gate20.B．Gate30.C．Gate35.2．What type of book is the woman reading?A．Science fiction.B．Horror fiction.C．Romantic fiction. 3．Where does the conversation take place?A．In a restaurant.B．In a shop.C．In a cinema. 4．What day is it when they are talking?A．Tuesday.B．Wednesday.C．Thursday.5．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．A stranger.B．An artwork.C．A suspect.第二节（共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
山西省普通高中信息技术学业水平考试模拟一信息技术试题
山西省普通高中信息技术学业水平考试模拟一信息技术试题2024年山西省普通高中信息技术学业水平考试模拟试题（一）一、单项选择题1、下列选项中，不属于计算机硬件的是（）。
A. 显示器 B. 鼠标 C. 操作系统 D. 打印机2、在计算机中，信息的最小单位是（）。
A. 字节 B. 位 C. 字 D. 字节流3、下列文件扩展名中，代表可执行文件的是（）。
A. TXT B. MP3 C. EXE D. PDF二、多项选择题1、以下属于计算机外部设备的是（）。
A. 显示器 B. 鼠标 C. 主机箱 D. 打印机 E. 键盘2、下列属于多媒体技术的是（）。
A. 音频处理 B. 视频处理 C. 图像处理 D. 动画制作 E. 视频压缩三、判断题1、计算机病毒是一种生物病毒。
（）2、计算机只能够处理数字信号。
（）3、1GB等于1024MB。
（）4、笔记本电脑不能使用无线网络。
（）5、电子邮件是一种通过互联网进行书信交往的通信方式。
（）四、填空题1、请将下列二进制数转换为十进制数：（11010）2。
2、请将下列十进制数转换为二进制数：22。
3、请将下列字符转换为ASCII码：a。
4、在计算机内部，数据是以___________形式加工、处理和存储的。
5、请简述计算机的发展历程。
五、问答题1、请简述计算机的特点。
2、请简述计算机的应用领域。
3、请简述什么是云计算。
湖南省2024年普通高中学业水平考试试题湖南省2024年普通高中学业水平考试试题一、选择题1、下列词语中，字形和加点字的读音都正确的一项是（） A. 疫区落榜（luò） B. 阈值劲头（jìng） C. 甲壳悄无声息（qiǎo） D. 拓片呼天抢地（qiāng）2、下列词语中，加点字的读音和字形都正确的一项是（） A. 诟骂应届（yīng） B. 缱绻创伤（chuàng） C. 肄业咋咋呼呼（zhā） D. 毗邻撒手锏（sā）3、下列句子中，加点词语使用恰当的一项是（） A. 近期，某位明星因代言的商品存在质量问题被消费者投诉，有关部门已经介入调查，明星本人也深陷舆论漩涡，真是树大招风啊！ B. 近年来，有关部门采取了一系列措施，旨在整顿市场秩序，保障消费者权益。
模拟试题(第一套)
会计学课程号：课序号：开课系：一、单项选择题（在每小题列出的4个选项中只有一个是符合题意的，请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。
每小题1分，共15分）1.下列支出属于资本性支出的是( )。
A.支付购买设备款B.支付生产工人工资C.支付设备日常修理费D.支付购进材料价税款2.下列内容中，不符合资金运动规律的是（）。
A.资产增加的同时负债减少B.资产增加的同时负债增加C.资产减少的同时负债减少D.资产减少的同时费用增加3.坏账损失采用备抵法进行会计处理，是基于会计核算的（）。
A.谨慎性原则B.配比原则C.历史成本原则D.客观性原则4.记账后，若发现记账凭证中将8900元误记为9800元，应采用的更正方法是（）。
A.红字更正法B.补充登记法C.划线更正法D.差额调整法5.下列账户中属于双重性账户的是( )。
A.制造费用B.投资收益C.生产成本D.库存商品6.会计主体前提是明确( )。
A.会计记账时间的问题B.会计记账空间的问题C.会计计量手段的问题D.会计记账方法的问题7.下列不属于企业营业外收入的是（）。
A.固定资产盘盈收益B.销售材料净收入C.库存现金长款D.罚款净收入8.将融资租入的固定资产确认为企业资产是基于会计核算的( )。
A.权责发生制原则B.实质重于形式原则C.谨慎性原则D.一致性原则9.金额102500.78元的汉字大写应为( )。
A.拾万零贰仟伍佰元柒角捌分B.壹拾万零贰仟伍佰元零柒角捌分C.壹拾万零贰仟伍佰元柒角捌分D.壹拾万贰千伍佰元零柒角捌分10.如果将资本性支出作为收益性支出处理，则会导致当期（）。
A.少计费用、虚增利润B.少计费用、虚减利润C.多计费用、虚减资产D.多计费用、虚增资产11.材料按计划成本核算时，下列应记入“物资采购”账户借方的是（）。
A.结转发出材料负担的节约差异B.结转发出材料负担的超支差异C.结转采购入库材料的节约差异D.结转采购入库材料的超支差异12.抵减调整账户的期末余额与被调整账户的期末余额( )。
高级财务会计模拟题1
模拟试题（一）一、单项选择题1、依据我国企业会计准则规定，企业记账本位币一经确定，不得随意变更，除非（）。
A、企业发生严重的经营危机B、企业被其他企业兼并C、企业生产的产品品种发生变化D、企业经营所处的主要经济环境发生重大变化2、下列各项业务中，可以归为特殊经营行业的特殊会计业务的是（）。
A、破产清算B、企业合并C、现金租赁经营D、外币业务3、本期下列情况可能发生应纳税暂时性差异的是（）。
A、企业实际发放工资与计税工资标准之间的差异B、会计制度与税法关于业务招待费列支的标准不同形成的差异C、税法规定与会计处理均采用直线法D、会计处理采用直线法提取折旧，而税法规定为加速折旧法4、下列项目中，不属于资产负债表债务法下资产项目产生的暂时性差异的是（）。
A、可供出售金融资产产生的暂时性差异B、预收账款产生的暂时性差异C、长期股权投资产生的暂时性差异D、无形资产产生的暂时性差异5、对于会计年度中不均匀发生的费用，下列方法中错误的是（）。
A、在会计年度末可以预提或摊销B、必须在中期财务报表中预提或摊销C、在费用发生时予以确认D、在费用发生时予以计量6、下列不属于上市公司特点的是（）。
A、上市公司是股份有限公司B、上市公司要经过政府主管部门的批准C、上市公司股东以其出资额为限对公司承担责任D、上市公司发行的股票在证券交易所交易7、甲企业采用融资租赁方式租入设备一台。
租赁合同主要内容：（1）该设备租赁期为5年，每年支付租金5万元；（2）或有租金4万元；（3）履约成本3万元；（4）承租人有关的第三方担保的资产余值2万元。
甲企业该设备的最低租赁付款额为（）万元。
A、25B、27C、32D、348、某项融资租赁合同，租赁期为8年，每年年末支付租金100万元，承租人担保的资产余值为50万元，与承租人有关的A公司担保余值为20万元，租赁期间，履约成本共50万元，或有租金20万元。
就承租人而言，最低租赁付款额为（）万元。
A、870B、940C、850D、9209、商品期货属于（）。
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综合测试一
一、单项选择题（本大题共20题，每小题1分，共20 分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1. 加工中心最突出的特点是：（）
正确答案
A. 工序集中
B. 对加工对象适应性强
C. 加工精度高
D. 加工生产率高
正确答案：A
2. 以下辅助机能代码中常用于作为子程序结束的代码是: （）
正确答案
A. M30
B. M98
C. M07
D. M99
正确答案：D
3. 工艺路线优化问题实质上是：（）
正确答案
A. 寻找最短路径
B. 寻找最长路径
C. 寻找关键路径
D. 工序排序
正确答案：A
4. 按照加工要求，被加工的工件应该限制其自由度，没有被限制的定位是：（）
正确答案
A. 完全定位
B. 欠定位
C. 过定位
D. 不完全定位
正确答案：B
5. 描述零件的机械加工精度准确的指标是：（）
正确答案
A. 机床精度、几何形状精度、相对位置精度
B. 尺寸精度、几何形状精度、装夹精度
C. 尺寸精度、定位精度、相对位置精度
D. 尺寸精度、几何形状精度、相对位置精度
正确答案：D
6. CAXA制造工程师中，走刀行间连接速度的设置原则是：（）
正确答案
A. 小于进给速度
B. 等于进给速度
C. 大于进给速度
D. 可任意设置
正确答案：A
7. 现需钻一个深度为38的孔，刀具长度补偿值为H02=7.96，实测深度为38.04，如果要达到要求，应调整刀具长度补偿值到：（）
正确答案
A. 8.000
B. 7.92
C. 7.9
D. 任意值
正确答案：B
8. 编程时使用刀具补偿具有很多优点，下列说法中不正确的是: （）
正确答案
A. 计算方便
B. 编制程序简单
C. 便于修正尺寸
D. 便于测量
正确答案：D
9. 在机床、工件一定的条件下，由于振动影响加工质量，解决的方法是: （）
正确答案
A. 提高转速
B. 提高切削速度
C. 合理选择切削用量、刀具的几何参数
D. 每种方法都可以
正确答案：C
10. 在CAXA 中用于生成沿一个轮廓线加工平面的刀具轨迹的加工方法是：（）
正确答案
A. 平面轮廓加工
B. 平面区域加工
C. 曲面轮廓加工
D. 曲面区域加工
正确答案：A
11.在 CAXA制造工程师中，下列说法错误的是：（）
正确答案
A. 为了提高工作效率，加工造型有时不需要完整地表达零件的几何形状和尺寸
B. 线架造型和曲面造型属于加工造型，实体造型属于设计造型
C. 加工造型为插补运算提供几何模型
D. 加工造型和设计造型的形状和尺寸可以不一致
正确答案：B
12.在确定加工路线的原则时，下列说法正确的是：（）
正确答案
A. 加工路线最长
B. 数值计算复杂
C. 加工路线应保证被加工零件的精度及表面粗糙度
D. 编程困难
正确答案：C
13. 切削用量对切削力影响最大的是：（）
正确答案
A. 切削速度
B. 进给量
C. 主轴转速
D. 切削深度
正确答案：D
14. 关于比较周铣和端铣的说法正确的是：（）
正确答案
A. 周铣专门加工曲面，端铣专门加工平面
B. 在切削加工参数一样时，两者加工质量没有任何区别
C. 如在立铣床上用同一把铣刀加工一个底面封闭的凹槽内轮廓表面和水平底面时，周铣时刀轴刚性较差，端铣时刀轴刚性较好
D. 周铣和端铣时的刀具磨损速度不一样
正确答案：C
15.在数控编程过程中，编程员定义在工件上的几何基准点是：（）
正确答案
A. 机床原点
B. 绝对原点
C. 工件原点
D. 装夹原点
正确答案：C
16. 为了保证加工精度，降低刀具的损耗，提高生产率，合理使用机床，应正确选择：（）
正确答案
A. 刀具几何角度
B. 切削用量
C. 工艺装备
D. 刀具耐用度
正确答案：B
17. 在CAXA制造工程师中，检查加工是否正确，执行的操作是:（）
正确答案
A. 轨迹生成
B. 轨迹编辑
C. 轨迹仿真
D. 特征生成
正确答案：C
18. 程序段G01 G91 Y100 F90 的含义是：（）
正确答案
A. 直线插补，进给90 mm / min，到达工件坐标X轴100 mm处
B. 直线插补，进给90 mm / min，X轴移动100 mm
C. 直线插补，进给90 mm / min，Y轴移动100 mm
D. 快速定位, 进给90 mm / min，到达工件坐标X轴100 mm处
正确答案：C
19. 在CAXA制造工程师中，要对已经生的刀具轨迹进行修改，采用的操作是：（）
正确答案
A. 轨迹生成
B. 轨迹编辑
C. 轨迹仿真
D. 特征生成
正确答案：B
20. 首次加工的零件，须要试切。
试切时的快速倍率开关要置于：（）
正确答案
A. 最低档
B. 较低档
C. 较高档
D. 最高档
正确答案：B
二、多项选择题（本大题共3题，每小题3分，共9 分）在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括
号内。
错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。
1. 加工中心主要适宜的加工对象包括有：（）
正确答案
A. 加工精度较高的大批量零件
B. 结构形状复杂、普通机床难加工的零件
C. 外形不规则的异型零件
D. 既有平面又有孔系的零件
E. 盘、轴类零件
正确答案：BCD
2. 机床夹具必不可少的组成部分有：（）
正确答案
A. 定位元件及定位装置
B. 夹紧元件及夹紧装置
C. 夹具体
D. 对刀及导向元件
E. 测量工具
正确答案：AB
3.在等高粗加工方法中，毛坯的切入方式有：（）
正确答案
A. 直接切入
B. 垂直切入
C. 毛坯外切入
D. 毛坯内切入
E. 上方切入
正确答案：AC
三、手工编程题（本题15分）
欲铣出下图所示外表面，刀具直径为12，采用刀具半径补偿，考虑已经完成过粗加工，综合工艺分析后试编写出精加工程序。
（编程坐标原点设在零件上表面的中心）
四、简答题（本大题共4题，每小题10分，共40分）
1. 在数控机床操作中，回参考点主要是为了什么？何时使用？
2. 简述确定数控加工路线的基本原则。
3. 简述常用的夹具种类有哪些？
4. CAXA制造工程师实体造型中，草图建立的主要环节有哪些？
五、填空题（本大题共8空，每空 2分，共 16 分）请在空格中填写正确的程序或解释该段程序。
填错、不添均无分。
根据题图，铣刀首先在O点对刀（设此点为加工编程原点），加工过程则从O点上方80mm处开始，先移动到1点，开启主轴，安全高度为10mm，主轴向下移动到工件表面下6mm处，加工时经过2 —3 ---4- --5-- -6-- -7- --8- --9，机床停止运动，主轴再上升80mm，加工程序结束。
针对下列编程，在空格处填写正确的程序或解释该段程序。
G92 X0 YO Z80 设定工件坐标系
G00 X-40 Y-50 S900 M03 刀具快速移动到1点处并开启主轴900r/min
GOO Z-6 快速下刀到工件表面下面6mm处
GO1 G41 D01 X-30 Y-36 F120 建立左刀具半径补偿，进给速度120mm/min
（）直线插补运动到3点
G02 X30 Y30 I30 J0 （）
G01 Y20 直线插补，由4点运动到5点
（）逆时针加工R20的半圆
G01 X70 直线插补，由6点运动到7点
（）直线插补，由7点运动到8点
G01 X-30 （）
G00 G40 X-40 M05 （）
（）刀具快速移动到Z80mm处
（）程序结束。