高中英语语法之it 形式主语
It作形式主语
It作形式主语和形式宾语，虽然是我们高中就学过的语法点，但在考研英语题型中，无论是在阅读还是翻译，常会考查该知识点。
一.it作形式主语。
英语中不定式、动名词、主语从句在作主语时主语往往显得很长，使整个句子看上去有点头重脚轻，这样就借助“it”来作形式上的主语，而把真正的主语移到句子后边去，使全句结构上前后平衡。
“it”并无实际意义。
It之后的谓语部分，可以是be+形容词，be+名词(词组)，或be+过去分词等。
it 作形式主语，主要分为下列三种情况：不定式作主语、动名词作主语和名词从句作主语。
具体分析如下：一、不定式作真正主语主要用于下列句型：1. It + is/was + adj./n.+ to do sth.A.名词作表语。
主要有a pity, a pleasure, an idea等。
It is a good idea to think this way. 这样考虑问题是个好办法除be外，其他动词也有跟名词的情况。
例如：It seems a pity to waste the food. 浪费这些食物真可惜。
B. 形容词或形容词短语作表语。
分两种情况：1.下列形容词；kind,good,nice,clever,wrong,right,foolish,wise,unwise,stupid,rude,careless,cruel,brave ,naughty,polite,selfish等词作表语时，不定式前常可加一个由of引起的短语，来说明不定式指的是谁的情况。
形容词表示不定式逻辑主语的特征，即形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品行等。
例如：It was foolish of you to leave school.你中途退学，真是傻瓜。
2. 其他形容词作表语，常见的形容词有：necessary, hard，important, difficult, easy, possible，common等。
英语语法 it作形式主语或宾语
•The team is headed by a 44-year-old Mongolian, whose wife is a Tibetan. •The Tower of London, where so many people lost their lives, is now a tourist attraction.•She is going to spend the summer holidays in Qingdao, where she has some relatives.•They will fly to Kunming, where they plan to stay for two or three days, and then go on to Guilin.•She was very fond of speaking French, which indeed she spoke well.•They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which enraged all of us.•She married Joe, which surprised everyone.Which表示this或that时，也可用于in which case, at which point, on which occasion等说法：•I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone.•The speaker paused to examine his notes, at which point a loud crash was heard. •As was usual with her, she took a walk around here after supper.•The output, as is reported, has been doubled in the past three years.•I smiled broadly, as I always do in those situations.•He opposed the idea, as could be expected.•She was not unconscious, as could be judged from her eyes.限制性定语从句•The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.•This is the man to whom I referred.•This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.•The tool with which he is working is called a wrench.•The agency from which we bought our tickets is bankrupt.限制性和非限制性定语从句的理解•My brother who is a doctor lives in New York.•My brother, who is a doctor, lives in New York.•My brother who is a doctor lives in New York.我有不止一个brother,其中当医生的那个在纽约工作。
It作形式主语和形式宾语用法详解
新希望英语语法精讲—“It”作形式主语和形式宾语“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解It作形式主语和形式宾语用法，是英语学习的主要语法项目之一。
无论是单项选择，还是完行填空，it 用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。
现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法，进行如下归纳分析，以供学习参考。
一、It用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie.（说谎是错误的。
）［It 为to tell a lie 的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it.（争吵是没用的。
）〔It 为arguing about it 的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will come.（谁要来还不确定。
）〔It 为who will come 的形式主语〕It作形式主语的常见句型：① It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing /that ….e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language. （学一门外语非常重要。
）It is useless crying over the spilt milk. （覆水难收。
）It was really surprising that she married a man like that.（她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
）②It + be +名词词组+ doing / that….e.g. It is no good telling lies. （撒谎没好处。
）It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday. （你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
英语语法it的句型
英语语法it的句型下面是小编为大家整理分享的英语语法it的句型，快来看看吧。
四、It 作形式主语的常见句型：1. 替代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为(1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous…例It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.(2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth.此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.例It's kind of you to help me with the problem.(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型It's no good/use doing…It's (well)worth doing…It's (well)worth one's while doing/to do…It's (well)worth while doing/ to do例It's no use crying over spilt milk.2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型(1) It is + noun +从句例It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office.(2) It is adj. +clauseIt's surprising that… (should)………竟然……It's a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然……例It's important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=It's of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.)(3) It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing +clauseIt+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/ann oy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that (I)worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.)(4) It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)例It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.)(5) It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know)例It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)(6) It is v-ed that … (should)…(verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend例It is suggested that they should begin with the third question.下载文档润稿写作咨询润稿写作咨询。
“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解
“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下:一、It用作实词表达以下概念：指代前文提到的事物,前文中的thiｓ，thaｔ;替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象……二、It用作形式主语替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型：１. 代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为(１）It bｅadj．(fｏr ｓb.)ｔo dｏｓth．此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，ｄiffｉcult，hard，nｅcessaｒy,ｕnnecｅssa ｒｙ,possible，iｍpossible，liｋely，ｕnliｋｅly,riｇｈｔ，wrong，ｉmportant,uｎｉｍpoｒt ａnt，leｇal,illegal，wｅll-maｎｎerｅd,ill－manｎｅｒｅd,ｐolite,impolite，clｅar,obviｏu ｓ,cｅrｔaｉｎ,ｓuｉｔａble，ｐropeｒ，fiｔ，uｓefuｌ,useｌｅsｓ,ｄanｇeroｕｓ…例Iｔis iｌlegａl(ｆｏrａｔeｅnagｅｒ）to dｒiveａcａr withoｕt a licens ｅ.(2）It be adｊ．oｆsb. toｄo sth.此处aｄj．通常为描述人的形容词:kiｎｄ,uｎkind,ｎice，rｕdｅ，crueｌ，cｏnｓidｅraｔe，thoｕｇhｔｆuｌ，thｏｕgｈｔｌess,carefｕl，ｃareless,silly,foｏlish,ｓｔｕpid,clｅveｒ，ｗise,ｃｒａｚy.例It＇ｓkiｎdｏf yｏｕto help me wiｔｈｔhe proｂlｅm.（3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型It'ｓnｏｇｏod／usｅdｏinｇ…Ｉｔ＇ｓ（welｌ）wortｈdoｉng…It＇s（well）worth oｎe＇ｓwhilｅdoing/to do…Iｔ's（weｌl）ｗorth while doiｎg/ to do例Ｉt＇s no usｅcryｉngｏvｅr ｓpilt milk.2. Iｔ替代作主语的从句常见句型（1）It is ＋nouｎ+从句例Iｔis ｎo ｓｅcret thaｔtｈｅpresidentｗants ｔo hａve ａｓecond ｔerm at office．（2）It is adj. +cｌauseＩt'ｓsｕrprisｉnｇtｈat…(ｓhould）………竟然……It＇s a piｔy/ｓhame tｈat…(sｈould）………竟然……例It＇s importaｎt thａｔyｏu ｓｈoｕld apoｌoｇiｚe tｏher foｒyouｒrudeｎess.(=It's ｏf mｕch ｉmｐｏｒtａnｃｅthat yｏｕshｏｕld apｏlogｉze to ｈer for yoｕr rｕdeｎess．)（3）Iｔｖerｂsb. + claｕse= It ｉs v-ｉng + ｃlauｓeIｔ+suｒpｒｉse/ｄeliｇht/inteｒｅst/ｄｉsaｐpoiｎｔ/ｗoｒry/diｓturｂ/ａｎnoy/amaze /ｂother/ｃonｃｅrn/ｆｒｉghten/pｌeａse/anger ｓb. ｔhat…例Iｔwｏrried mｅthaｔshe ｄroｖe ｓｏfast.(＝Iｔｗas wｏrｒｙing that ｓhe dｒovｅso fasｔ.）（4）Iｔverb（ｔo sｂ.)tｈａt…= sb／stｈverb tｏdo（vｅｒｂ＝ａpｐeａr,seeｍ,ｃome about，emerge，ｆｏｌｌｏw,chance,hａppen，oｃｃur,transpire,turn ouｔ,ｗork ouｔ)例Ｉt(so）ｈappeneｄ/chanced thａt tｈey werｅoｕt.(＝Tｈｅｙhapｐened/c ｈanceｄto ｂe ｏut.）（5)It is v-ed that…=sb/ｓtｈｉs to do(verb=say,report，tｈinｋ,belieｖe,hope，exｐｅcｔ,agree，acｃept，deｃidｅ，dｅtｅrmine，intenｄ，ｐｌan,unｄerstａnd,ｋｎow)例It is said that the couple hａvｅgottｅｎｄivorcｅd.(＝Thｅcｏupｌe aｒe said to have goｔten ｄivorced.）（６)Ｉt ｉｓv－eｄthat …（ｓhouｌｄ)…(verｂ＝deｍand，ｒeｑuest,reｑuｉｒe,oｒdｅｒ,sｕｇｇｅsｔ,ａｄvise，rｅｃoｍmｅｎd例It is suggeｓted tｈａt tｈｅy should begｉn with the tｈirdｑuｅｓｔion. “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解2007-0５-０１17:１4：０5.０中国高中生网()三、Ｉt作主语的句型1．It tａkｅs sb.…tｏdo…（=sb ｔａkes…tｏｄo…）某人用多长时间做某事例It took tｈe meｎａweｅk ｔo menｄour roof．（= Tｈe men toｏk a ｗeek t ｏmｅnｄoｕｒroof.）2. It's（ｊuｓt）(uｎ）lｉke sb．to dｏ…（不）像某人做某事的风格例Ｉｔｗas(juｓt)lｉｋe ｈimｔo tｈink of heｌpiｎg ｕs.3. It's(about／hｉgh)time tｈat…shoｕｌd /v-eｄ…是该做某事的时候了例It's（aboｕt/high)tｉmｅthat we shouｌｄtａke ａｃtｉon.４．Iｔ'sｔhe x－th timｅ（ｔhat)…have v－ed…第几次做某事了例Iｔ's the third tiｍe thaｔhe ｈas faｉledｔｈe ｄrｉvｉnｇｔest.5．It is/ｈas ｂｅen…since…cｏｎtinuｏus v-ｅd（延续性动词)某动作已有多长时间不发生了例It＇s 10 yｅars tｈａt he lｉveｄheｒe６.It ｗas(noｔ）…befoｒe…过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了例It was noｔlong beｆore tｈey ａrｒivｅd.四、It 作形式宾语用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
it考点讲义：it用作形式主语和形式宾语的用法归纳总结- 高考英语语法二轮复习专题.docx
高中英语语法高考二轮复习it考点讲义【精讲版】it用作形式主语和形式宾语的用法归纳总结一、用作形式主语当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语厄而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。
如：It is stupid to do such a thing.做这种事真蠢。
It's no good sitting up too late.熬夜没有好处。
It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.有必要马上派他到那里去。
注：类似以下句子中的il也可视为形式主语：It happened that the harvest was bad in 1988.碰巧1988 年的收成很不好。
It seems that she is afraid to tell them about it.似乎她怕将此事告诉他们。
二、用作形式宾语当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。
如：I've made it a rule never to hurry,我已养成凡事从容不迫的习惯。
Do you think it possible to root out crime?你认为可以根除犯罪吗？He found il difficult to breathe at high altitudes.他觉得在高空呼吸困难。
注：通常意义的形式宾语主要见于真正宾语为不定式、动名词、从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形，即用于“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”这样的结构，但以下两类形式宾语却比较特殊，其后没有宾语补足语:1.由于介词后通常不能直接跟that从句作宾语，有个别特殊结构就在介词后先接it作形式宾语，再跟that从句。
如：You may depend on it that it is true.你可以相信这是真的。
高中英语知识点归纳形式主语和真正主语的用法区别
高中英语知识点归纳形式主语和真正主语的用法区别形式主语和真正主语在句子中起着不同的作用，它们的使用方法也存在一些区别。
了解形式主语和真正主语的用法区别，可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语语法。
本文将详细介绍这两种主语的区别及其使用方法。
一、形式主语的定义和用法形式主语是英语句子中的一个特殊结构，一般由"it"作为形式主语，而真正的主语通常位于句子后面。
用形式主语可以使句子结构更为简洁，突出真正的主语或具体的动作。
下面是几个形式主语的典型应用场景：1. 天气描述：It is raining. (下雨了。
)形式主语"it"用于表示天气状况，并将真正主语"raining"后置。
2. 环境描述：It is sunny today. (今天阳光明媚。
)形式主语"it"用于描述一种环境状态，真正主语"today"被放在句末。
3. 存在句：It is a lovely cat. (这是一只可爱的猫。
)形式主语"it"用于指代前面的主语"a lovely cat"，以使句子结构更加自然。
4. 距离表达：It is two miles away. (距离这里有两英里。
)形式主语"it"用于介词短语中表示距离，真正主语"two miles"位于动词"be"之后。
二、真正主语的定义和用法真正主语指的是句子中进行动作或存在的对象，它在句子中的位置往往较为灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。
下面是几个真正主语的常见用法：1. 人称主语：Tom is a student. (汤姆是一个学生。
)真正主语"Tom"作为人的称谓，出现在句首，是一个常见的用法。
2. 名词短语主语：My sister likes to read books. (我的妹妹喜欢读书。
高考英语It的用法
高考英语It的用法It是高考英语中一个极其重要的词，其用法多样，在不同的语境中具有不同的意义。
下面我们将从it的用法、句型和固定搭配三个方面进行讲解。
一、it用作实词1、表示时间、天气、距离、温度等自然现象。
例如：It is Monday today.今天是星期一。
It is raining outside.外面正在下雨。
It is 5 kilometers away from here.距离这儿有5公里远。
2、表示观点、看法、态度等主观想法。
例如：I think it is a good idea.我认为这是一个好主意。
We think it is important to learn English well.我们认为学好英语很重要。
二、it用作形式主语当不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，代替不定式、动名词或从句，而把真正的主语放在句尾。
例如：It is important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。
It took me an hour to finish the homework.我花了一个小时完成作业。
三、it用作形式宾语当不定式、动名词或从句作宾语时，为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句，而把真正的宾语放在句尾。
例如：I think it is important to learn English well.我认为学好英语很重要。
He found it hard to learn English well.他发现学好英语很难。
四、it用于强调句型中强调句型是英语中一个重要的句型，用于突出强调某个成分，特别是主语、宾语和状语等。
在强调句型中，it没有实际意义，只是起到引导作用。
例如：It is I who am the best student in my class.我是班里最好的学生。
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It was suggested that the sports meet be put off until next Saturday. It is desired that we (should) get everything ready by tonight. It was ordered that the medicine be sent there by plane.
3）It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, better) that .... It is a pity that we didn't grasp that opportunity. It was a great pity that you (should) have made so many mistakes in your math exercise. It will be better that she stay with her grandmother.
it is very important that 7.好像他过几天就会回来。it sis a pity
that 9.大家都知道，要学好英语一定要多读多听多做练习。
it is well known that 10.那是我第一次到北京。it was the first time that 11.该是我们行动起来保护环境的时候了。it is high time
2）It is +v-ed +that 从句
It is said that Andy Lau will come to Guangzhou tomorrow.
It was reported that there were 300 people died of this disease.
It is known that Changjiang River is the second longest river in the world.
2) It is +v-ed +that 从句 ① It is said (reported， learned....) that ... ②. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded... ) that(should + v.原形) 3) It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形） 4) It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that... 5).① It is time ( about time ，high time ) that ... 虚拟 语气
It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that...
It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. It happened that her parents were both out. It happened that the harvest was bad that year. It happened that I had driven that kind of car before. It happened that I was standing next to him when he collapsed. It seems that she is very sad.
It is the first ( second ... ) time that ...
1）It is + adj. +that从句
① It is clear ( obvious， true， possible certain....) that .....
②. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural...) that ... 从句中要用虚拟语气（should + v.原 形）
1.It is important that students today master English. 2.It is perfect that you can come to my birhtday party. 3.It is obvious that we need more practice.
4.It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. 5.It is natural that he fall in love with such a beautiful girl. 6.It's strange that he feel so angry.
1) It is + adj. +that从句
① It is clear ( obvious， true， possible certain....) that .....
②. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural...) that ... 从句中要用虚拟语气（should + v.原形）
It 作形式主语替代that从句 1）It is + adj. +that从句 2）It is +v-ed +that 从句 3）It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 4）It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that... 5）It is time ( about time ，high time ) that ...
② It is the first ( second ... ) time that (完成时)
1.真可惜，他没来。it is a pity that 2.我们爱自己的父母是很自然的。it is natural that 3.很明显，他是是个勤奋又上进的人。it is obvious that 4.我恰巧在书店里碰到他。it happened that 5.人人都建议他提前预习考试的内容，但是他不听，难 怪他不及格。it was suggested \no wonder that 6.掌握好英语和计算机技术对于现代人来说是很重要的。