初中英语专题复习—形容词、副词(总结版)

初中英语专题复习—形容词、副词(总结版)
初中英语专题复习—形容词、副词(总结版)

初中英语专题复习—形容词、副词(总结版)

1、不定代词后面加形容词

【something,anything,nothing,everything / someone,anyone, everyone / somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody等不定代词后面加形容词】

但要注意thing则不是不定代词,如:I have an important thing to tell you.

2

① Our classroom is twice larger than theirs。(我们的教室是他们的两倍。)

这种表示倍数的句子用…times +形容词比较级+than … 这样的格式。

② I'm three years older than you.(我比你大三岁。)表示"大三岁,""高二厘米"等时用"表示数量词的词+比较级"。

③ "越来越……"用"比较级+and +比较级"来表示。【单音节的形容词直接形容词后面+er,多音节的形容词用more and more + 形容词原级来表示】

如:(1) The earth is getting warmer and warmer。(地球变得越来越暖和。)

(2) The girl is more and more beautiful. (这个女孩越来越漂亮了。)

④ "越……,就越……"用"the +比较级…,the+比较级…"来表示。

如: The busier he is,the happier he feels。(他越忙,越觉得高兴。)

3、系动词:be ,feel, look, smell ,taste, sound, get, become, keep,turn ,seem等,系动词后面加形容词原级,作表语

4、定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待,

定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数。

表示一类人:the good / bad,the rich / poor ,the young / old,the deaf / blind,the black / white,the living / dead ,the beautiful 等,它们作主语时表示一类人,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:The beautiful is not always kindness.美丽并不总代表善良。【美丽为抽象事物】

The young like playing football very much.

5、as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as 和…一样

not as / so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as 和…不一样;不如…;不相等

注意:在作比较时,英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词,应都用动名词,用不定式时则都用不定式。但有时在后一个不定式前的符号to可以省略。

例如:To repair the old one is as much expensive as (to) buy a new one.

6等修饰时用形容词原级。

7、形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示―第几最。。。‖

例如:She is the second tallest girl in our class.

★例如:He is taller than any other boy in our class. = He is the tallest boy in our class.

在比较级中表示比较对象时:

8、相关词组

be surprised at对…惊讶的 be interested in对…感兴趣的

be excited about对…兴奋的 be afraid / frightened of 对…害怕的

be careful of小心 be certain o f有把握,确定

be sure of确信 be glad o f高兴

be sick of 厌恶 be fond o f喜欢

9、以 -ly 结尾的形容词:friendly(友好的) ,lonely(孤独的),lovely(可爱的),

likely(可能的),lively(生机勃勃的),daily(日常的)

10、far的比较级区别:farther 表示方向,地点,距离时,farther 和 further 可以互换,意思相同,但是further的意思还有:更多,进一步,稍后,额外。

11、both,either,neither的区别:

both:两者都,后面跟复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。

either:两者中的任何一个,后面跟单数名词,谓语用第三人称单数形式。

neither:两者中的任何一种都不,表示否定,后面跟单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:① Both film are interesting. ② Either film is interesting.

③ Neither film is interesting. (这两部电影中的任何一部都没有趣。)

12、much too 和 too much 的区别:

much too 非常,及其,太

too much + 不可数名词太多 too many + 可数名词太多

13、too,also,either 的区别

too 和also 都放在肯定句中,但是too 放在句末;also 放在be 动词、情态动词或助动词之后,行为动词之前。

either :放于否定句中,一般放在句末。

例如:① He likes English too. ② He can also swim.

③I don’t know English either.

14、too,enough,so 的区别

too…to… :太…而不能【实际应用时也常常将后面的to省去】

enough:形容词 / 副词的原级enough to … 足够…能….

so…that… :如此…以致于…

15、alone 和lonely的区别

"alone" 表示"单独的"、"独自一人的",它表示一个客观事实,在句中只能做表语。你在家感到寂寞,【be alone 孤独的】

用"lonely",表示主观上感到 "孤独""寂寞",指一种悲伤忧郁的情绪,可作定语和表语。,【feel lonely 感到孤独的】

例如:I feel lonely, because I am alone at home.

16、older和elder的区别

"older",表示"年纪大的,年老的",常用做表语;他是我的长兄用"elder",表示"年老的,年长的",用做定语,只用于比较两个人的长幼,只能作表语。

例如:Jack is older than me, he is my elder brother.

17、already 和 yet的区别

already和yet意思虽然相同,但用法有点小区别。

already表示事情早已发生或提前发生用,一般放于句中,用于肯定句和疑问句。含有already的肯定句,变为否定句时,要将already 变为yet,且放在句尾。

yet表示预料要发生的事未发生,位于句尾,一般用于否定句和疑问句中。

例如:Where is Tom? He hasn't come yet. But Jack is already here.

18、hard 和 hardly 的区别

hard表示"辛苦,使劲,努力‖

如:He works very hard.(他学习非常努力。)

hardly为否定副词,表示"几乎不"

如:The box is so heavy that he could hardly carry it .(这箱子是那么沉,他几乎搬不动。)

19、ago 和 before

ago不能单独使用,应与three days (months , weeks)等连用,而且和动词的过去时连用。

如: I met my neighbour an hour ago.

before之前有"一段时间"时,指"距这段时间以前",和过去完成时连用。

如:He said he had finished the work two days before.(他说他两天前已完成了工作。)

如果before单独使用,是泛指"以前",常常和完成时连用。

如:I have seen the film before.(我以前没看过这部电影。)

20、形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下:比较级加er,最高级加est

形容词比较级、最高级的变化形式:

①只加r或st

nice – nicer- nicest large – larger - largest

②重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音,字母时双写该字母加er、est

fat - fatter- fattest big - bigger – biggest hot – hotter – hottest

原级比较级最高级

good better best

well better best

bad worse worst

badly worse worst

many more most

much more most

little less lest

far farther farthest

further furthest

old older oldest

elder eldest

有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下:

①一般加ly : careful——carefully kind —— kindly

②结尾是y时将y变成i加ly

happy - happily , busy - busily , easy - easily

③其他的形式如: true - truly, terrible - terribly, full - fully,shy - shyly ,

whole - wholly

注意:此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有:much, yet,far, still, a great deal,even 和a little

能修饰最高级的有:the very, much the, far等。

21、在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语,只能作表语。

如:The fish is alive.(鱼还活着) There is a living fish in the pool.

以a字母开头的形容词有:alive, alike,alone, asleep, afraid,awake等。

22、ill 和 sick 的区别

ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病,而要用sick【某人有病的】,但作表语时则都可以。

如:The sick man nearly died. ill作定语时则另有他意,如:ill luck (厄运),ill nature(天性恶劣),ill temper(心绪不好)

23、在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时,其顺序如下:

1. 指示代词,定冠词

2. 数量词

3. 性质词

4. 大小

5. 形状

6. 老少,新旧

7. 颜色 8. 材料(但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。)

例如:The foreigners like those beautiful little Chinese paintings.

What a pretty little white horse!

24、free 和 freely 的区别

free作为形容词意为"自由的,有空闲的,免费的"。作为副词讲是"免费"之意。freely作为副词则是"自由的,随便的"。

这些要注意的词还有:hard 努力,艰苦; hardly 几乎不;

late 迟,晚; lately 最近的,最新的;

near 近; nearly 几乎; like 像; likely 几乎

25、关于sometimes 相关用法★

sometime过去,或者将来某时

sometimes有时 如: Sometimes I go to school by bus.

如: I need some time to do my homework.

如: I went to Shanghai some times this month.

at times 有时,偶尔 at all times 经常 some other time 改天

26、每三天,即每隔二天

每隔一天

例如:I will come here to help you every three days.

27、英语中的数量形容词有两组。

修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),a few(有一些,几个);

修饰不可数名词的有little (很少,几乎没有),a little(有一点,有一些)。

要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而a few 和a little用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。

28、擅长于作某事be good at something(do well in )

不擅长于作某事be bad at something = be weak in something

29、表示―大多数‖的词组

"大多数"一词的表达法有

例如:Most of the stories in this book are written in English.

Most stories in this book are written in English.

2020年英语中考归纳复习专题:形容词与副词

2020年英语中考归纳复习专题:形容词与副词 【形容词的用法】 形容词是描述人或事物的性质、特征或状态的词类,主要用来修饰名词或部分代词。 1.形容词的用法 2.名词变形容词

表示物质的名词

表示情感的 luck-lucky 名词 health-healthy 要点提醒:

如: a nice large square old brown wooden table一张又大又漂亮的古老的棕色方木桌 2.ed与ing形容词(考点讲解详见P8考点3) 3.在英语中有些形容词通常只用作表语,不可作(前置)定语。这类形容词主要有: ①表示健康状况的形容词,如ill,well; ②以a开头的表状态的形容词,如: afraid,asleep,awake等。 4.在构词法中,以ly结尾的词并不都是副词,也有形容词。常见的有:friendly(友好的),lovely(可爱的),lively(生动的),daily(日常的)等。 5.enough既可作形容词,也可作副词。

【考点训练1】 1.The Bruce family had to give up camping on such a _______ (rain) day. 2.In _______ (west) countries,people usually go to church on weekends. 3.The little boy is so _________ (care) that he often leaves his homework at home. 4.Mountain climbing is a ___________ (danger) sport. 5.Keep all the windows ______ .It’s too hot in the room. () A.opened B.open C.closed D.close 6.Robert is so ____ that he even has no time to stay with his children at weekends. () A.busy B.smart C.serious D.pleased 答案:rainy western careless dangerous B A 【副词的用法】 副词是指在句中表示动作或状态特征的词,常用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子等,表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。 1.副词的分类

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级 (一)规则变化: 1.绝大多数的单音节和少数双音节词,加词尾-er ,-est tall—taller—tallest 2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice—nicer—nicest , able—abler—ablest 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词或少数双音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big—bigger—biggest 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词,改y为i再加-er,-est easy—easier—easiest 5.少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er,-est clever—cleverer—cleverest, narrow—narrower—narrowest 6.其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 easily—more easily—most easily (二)不规则变化 常见的有: good / well—better—best ; bad (ly)/ ill—worse—worst ; old—older/elder—oldest/eldest many / much—more—most ; little—less—least ; far—farther/further—farthest/furthest

用法: 1.原级比较:as + adj./adv. +as(否定为not so/as + adj./adv. +as)当as… as中间有名字时,采用as + adj. + a + n.或as + many / much + n. This is as good an example as the other is . I can carry as much paper as you can. 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时放在as的前面 This room is twice as big as that one. 倍数+as+adj.+as = 倍数+the +n.+of Your room is twice as larger as mine. = Your room is twice the size of mine. 2.比较级+ than 比较级前可加程度状语much, still, even, far, a lot, a little, three years. five times,20%等 He is three years older than I (am). 表示“(两个中)较……的那个”时,比较级前常加the(后面有名字时前面才能加冠词) He is the taller of the two brothers. / He is taller than his two brothers. Which is larger, Canada or Australia? / Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? 可用比较级形式表示最高级概念,关键是要用或或否定词等把一事物(或人)与其他同类事物(或人)相分离 He is taller than any other boy / anybody else.

(英语) 中考英语形容词专项训练100(附答案)

(英语)中考英语形容词专项训练100(附答案) 一、初中英语形容词 1.—Shaoyang has changed a lot in the past few years. —Yes. It is getting_________. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——在过去的几年里邵阳有了很大的变化。——是的,它变得更干净了。A.干净的,原级;B.更干净的,比较级;C.最干净的,最高级。根据句子可知是指以前和现在作比较,用比较级,故选B。 【点评】考查形容词比较级,注意平时识记其结构,理解句意。 2.Wang Wei speaks English as ________ as Yang Lan. They both study English hard. A. good B. well C. better D. best 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:王伟的英语讲的和杨澜的一样好。他们学习英语都努力。可知as…as中间用形容词或副词原级;此处是副词修饰动词speak。good好的,形容词原形;well好地,副词原形,better比较级;best最高级,故选B。 【点评】此题考查形容词原级。注意as...as中间跟形容词或副词原级。 3.—If there are ________ people driving, there will be ________ air pollution. —Yes, and the air will be fresher. A. less; less B. less; fewer C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:——如果开车的人越少,空气污染越少。——是的,空气将会更新鲜。little少的,形容词,其比较级是less,修饰不可数名词,few几乎没有,形容词,其比较级是fewer,更少,修饰可数名词,people,可数名词,用fewer修饰,air pollution,空气污染,不可数名词,用less修饰,故选D。 【点评】考查形容词的辨析。注意less和fewer意思和用法。 4.—You haven't said a ________ word since last Friday. What's wrong? —Nothing. Just leave me alone. A. simple B. single C. similar D. silent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——自从上周五你没有说一句话,怎么了?——没事,仅仅让我单独待会。A.简单的;B.单一的;C.相似的;D.沉默的。根据Just leave me alone.仅仅让我单独待会,可知没有说一句话,say a single word,说一句话,故选B。 【点评】考查形容词辨析,注意平时识记其词义,理解句意。 5.—Lucy, our father's birthday is coming. Let's buy a card for him.

(完整word版)初中英语形容词和副词的用法和练习题

页眉内容 形容词 big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的;矮的young年轻的old旧的;老的strong健壮的thin瘦的active积极活跃的quiet 安静的nice好看的kind和蔼亲切的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh 新鲜的clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy 高兴的bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的older年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy 重的new新的fat胖的happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colorful色彩鲜艳的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的 二. 形容词的作用,见下表: 有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep ,awake等。例如: Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone.

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