新视野大学英语1打印版(完整版)
新视野大学英语1课后答案(46页)
新视野大学英语1课后答案(46页)1. 第一题：请根据课文内容，简要描述文章的主旨大意。
答案：文章主要讲述了一个人在经历了一次人生挫折后，如何重新振作起来，努力追求自己的梦想。
通过这个故事，作者向读者传达了坚持不懈、勇往直前的信念。
2. 第二题：请列举文章中出现的三个生词，并简要解释其含义。
答案：生词一：frustration（n.）挫败感，挫折；生词二：determination（n.）决心，坚定；生词三：perseverance（n.）毅力，坚持。
3. 第三题：请根据文章内容，简要分析作者在文章中运用的修辞手法。
答案：作者在文章中运用了比喻、排比和对比等修辞手法。
例如，将人生比作一场马拉松，将挫折比作一道道难关，使读者更容易理解文章主旨。
同时，通过排比和对比，突出了主人公在困境中的坚定信念和顽强毅力。
4. 第四题：请结合文章内容，谈谈你对“人生挫折”的理解。
答案：人生挫折是每个人成长过程中不可避免的一部分。
面对挫折，我们不能气馁，要勇敢地面对，从中吸取教训，不断提升自己。
只有这样，我们才能在人生的道路上走得更远，实现自己的梦想。
5. 第五题：请仿照文章中的某个句子，用英语写一句关于人生挫折的句子。
答案：Just as a coin has two sides, life has its ups and downs. We should learn to embrace挫折 and turn them into stepping stones for success.新视野大学英语1课后答案(46页)1. 第一题：请根据课文内容，简要描述文章的主旨大意。
答案：文章通过讲述一个普通人面对挫折，最终实现自我突破的故事，传达了“逆境中成长”的主题。
主人公的经历告诉我们，无论遇到多大的困难，只要我们保持积极的态度，坚持不懈地努力，就能战胜一切困难，实现自己的目标。
2. 第二题：请列举文章中出现的三个生词，并简要解释其含义。
(完整版)新视野大学英语1单词表
新视野大学英语1单词表Unit1Section A1、reward vt.奖赏，回报n.奖赏，回报2、rewarding a.值得做的，有益的，有意义的3、frustrate vt.使沮丧，使灰心4、junior a.初级的，较低的n.较低者，晚辈5、positive a.积极的，明确的6、senior a.较高的n.年长者，较高者，长辈7、former a.在前的，以前的，旧时的n.前者8、unlike prep.不像，和······不同9、intimidate vt.威胁，恐吓10、opportunity n.机会11、online a.联网的，在线的ad.联网地，在线地12、communication n.交流，交际，通讯13、medium n.媒体，媒介 a.中等的14、modem n.调制调解器15、access n.享用权，通道，入口16、participate vi.参加，参与17、virtual a.虚拟的，实质上的18、commitment n.献身，投入，致力，承诺，保证19、disipline n.纪律，学科20、minimum a.最低的，最小的n.最少量，最低限度21、assignment n.任务，作业22、embarrass vt.使尴尬，使难堪23、embarrassing a.令人尴尬的，令人难堪的24、frustration n.沮丧，不安，灰心25、post vt.张贴，发帖子26、continual a.不间断的，不停的，重复的，频繁的27、continually ad.不间断地，不停地，重复地，频繁地28、reap vt.收获，收割，获得，得到29、benefit n.利益v.有利于30、insight n.深刻的见解31、communicate vt.传达，传播vi.交流，交际32、favorite a.最喜欢的n.最喜欢的人或物33、gap n.差距，分歧Section B34、community n.团体，社区35、expand vt.扩张，膨胀36、aware a.意识到的，知道的37、unique a.独特的，唯一的，极好的38、ideal a.完美的，理想化的39、forum n.论坛，讨论会40、remove vt.消除，挪开41、visual a.视觉的42、barrier n.障碍43、hinder vt.阻止，妨碍44、addition n.添加，增加物45、reflect v.反应，体现，深思，考虑46、environment n.环境47、critical a.极为重要的，关键性的, 评论的48、perspective n.观点，视角49、peer n.同龄人，同等地位的人50、instruct vt.指导，指示，命令，通知51、instructor n.指导者，教师52、arise vi.出现，发生，由····引起,由····产生53、absolute a.完全的，十足的54、absolutely ad.完全地，十足地55、explicit a.清楚的，直截了当的56、comment n.评论，意见vi.评论57、reinforce vt.加强，巩固58、requirement n.要求59、likely ad.可能地 a.可能的60、commit vt.犯（错误），干（蠢事），使用，用于61、assimilate vt.吸收，理解，掌握62、provide vt.提供63、inpute n.输入，投入64、essential a.必不可少的，非常重要的，，基本的n.要素，要点65、challenge n.挑战vt.质疑，向···表示怀疑，向···表示挑战66、normally ad.通常地，正常地67、sequence n.次序，顺序，连续，一连串68、sequencial a.连续的69、vital a.极其重要的,有生命的，充满生机的70、effective a.有效的，起作用的，生效的71、facilitate vt.使容易，有助于72、facilitator n.促进者，推动者Unit 2Section A73、concern n.担心，忧虑vt.涉及，74、click n.咔嗒声vi.发出咔塔声75、blast n.爆炸，vi.发出响亮的声音vt.爆炸76、forth ad.出来，向外77、burst vi.冲，闯78、horrible a.糟糕的，可怕的，令人恐惧的79、stuff n.东西，原料vt.填，塞80、rhythm n.节奏81、grab vt.抓住，夺得82、thorough a.全面的，彻底的83、makeup n.化妆品84、toast n.烤面包vt.祝酒，干杯85、disgusting a.令人厌恶的86、bug vt.打扰87、eyeliner n.描眼膏88、tattoo n.纹身vt.刺纹身89、pierce vt.打眼，穿孔90、bolt vi.奔，窜91、upset a.心烦的，不适的vt.使心烦92、knot n.紧张感，绳子或布条的结93、awful a.可怕的，糟糕的94、tuneless a.曲调，旋律95、offensive a.讨厌的96、lyric a.歌词97、appeal vi.呼吁，使喜欢，吸引98、rid vi.摆脱99、piercing n.刺穿的孔100、negative a.消极的，负面的，否定的101、influence n.影响vt.影响102、patience n.耐心103、anchor n.靠山，锚104、identity n.身份Section B105、concept n.概念，观念106、consistency n.一致性，连贯性107、response n.回答，反应108、refute vt.反对，反驳109、tend vi.趋向vt.照顾110、evaluation n.评价，评估111、guidance n.指导，引导112、career n.职业生涯113、trend n.趋势，倾向114、apply v.申请，应用115、individual a.单个的，个别的n.个人，个体116、teen n.少年117、relate v.联系起来，和睦相处118、entitle vt.给（书、剧本）提名，定名，给予··资格119、attitude n.态度120、contagious a.传染的，够感染力的121、confidence n.信心，把握，信任122、self-confidence n.自信123、sound vi.听起来124、interrogation n.审问，盘问125、adopt n.收养，领养126、curiosity n.好奇心，求知欲127、view n.观点，视力128、oppose vt.反对129、rebellion n.反对，反抗，对权威的蔑视130、chore n.家庭杂务，零星的工作131、conflict n.冲突132、credibility n.可信性，可靠性133、ruin vt.毁坏，毁掉134、carton n.卡通135、admit n.承认，接受136、acceptance n.接受，认可137、self-acceptance n.自我接受138、tolerance n.包容，容忍139、perfection n.完美140、imperfection n.不完美141、approach n.接近，靠近，方法v.接近142、hurtful a.伤感情的，刻薄的143、argument n.讨论，争吵144、humor n.幽默145、possibility n.可能性，146、awaken v.醒来，唤醒147、neglect n.忽略Unit 3Section A148、lean vi.倚，靠，倾斜，倾向，偏向149、balance n.平衡，均衡v.平衡，权衡150、severe a.恶劣的，严重的，严格的，严厉的151、severely ad.严重地，严格地，严格地152、cripple vt.使坡，使残废153、inward a.在内的，内部的，性格内向的154、inwardly ad.内心（或精神）方面155、bother vt.使苦恼vi.尽力，费心156、coordinate vt.使协调157、halt v.暂停，中断，中止n.暂停，中止，中断158、impacient a.不耐烦的，没耐心的，急切的，渴望的159、pace n.步行速度，速度vi.踱步160、adjust v.使适应161、subway n.地铁，地下隧道162、despite prep 尽管，不管163、nasty a.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，恶意的，不友善的164、wagon n.四轮马车，儿童手推车165、cling vi.抱住，抓紧，坚持，忠于166、rail n.栏杆，护栏167、handrail n.栏杆，扶手168、tunnel n.隧道169、amaze vt.使惊讶，使惊奇170、subject n.主题，题材，话题，学科vt.使遭受，使蒙受171、stress vt.强调，重视，n.强调，重视，压力，忧虑紧张172、complaint n.投诉，意见173、envy vt.嫉妒，羡慕n.嫉妒羡慕174、owner n.物主，所有人175、precise a.精确的，准确的176、precisely ad.准确地，精确地177、engage vi.参与，参加vt.使全神贯注，引起注意178、local a.当地的，地方的n.当地人179、knowledgeable a.知识渊博的180、occasion n.场合，时机，时刻181、punch vt.用拳猛击，打孔182、shove v.推挤，推撞183、content a.满意的，满足的184、aid vt.帮助，援助n.帮助，援助185、unaided a.无助的，独立的186、kid v.开玩笑187、urge vt.督促n.强烈愿望，迫切希望188、dive vi.潜水，跳水n.跳水，潜水，假装被击倒189、reluctance n.不愿，勉强190、worthy a.值得做的191、unworthy a.不值得做的192、regret vt.后悔n.后悔，遗憾193、complian v.抱怨194、trifle n.无价值的东西，琐事195、envious a.妒忌的，羡慕的Section B196、elderly a.年长的，上年纪的197、collapse vi病倒，昏倒，塌陷n.倒塌，塌陷，崩溃198、ambulance n.救护车199、county n.县200、locate vt.位于，确定···位置201、emergency n.紧急情况，紧急事件202、emergency room n.急诊室203、marine n.海军陆战队员a.海生的，海里的，海事的海运的304、apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，表面上的，貌似的305、apparently ad.表面上，看上去像306、corps n.特种部队307、vehicle n.车辆，交通工具308、marsh n.沼泽地，湿地309、military a.军事的，军队的301、sole a.唯一的，仅有的302、enable vt.使能够，使可以303、lobby n.接待室，门厅，门廊304、extend vt.伸展，展开，扩大，延长vi.延长，延续305、wrap vt.搂住，握住，包，裹306、limp a.没精神的vi.一瘸一拐的走307、squeeze vt.挤，压，捏v.挤进，塞入308、encouragement n.鼓励309、dim a.朦胧的，渺茫的，暗淡的310、dimly ad.朦胧地，模糊地311、occasional a.偶尔的，偶然的312、occasionally ad.偶然地313、bang v.猛击，猛撞n.猛击（声），猛撞(声)304、staff n.全体工作人员，人员305、exchange vt.交流，交换306、moan n.呻吟307、breathe v.呼吸308、inform vt.通知，告诉，报告309、sympathy n.同情，怜悯310、interrupt v.打断，打扰，中断vt.使中断，使暂停311、startle vt.使大吃一惊，是吓一跳312、exit v.退出，退场n.出口313、personnel n.人事部门，全体人员，员工Unit 4Section A314、impression n.印象315、conscious a.有意识的，意识到的，清醒的，有知觉的316、reaction n.反应317、range vi.（在一定范围内）变化、变动n.范围，射程318、introduction n.介绍319、spouse n.配偶320、interview n.面试，采访，访谈vt.面试，采访321、encounter n.偶然相遇vt.意外遇到，遭遇322、focus v.集中精力n.集中点，中心323、persuasive a.有说服力的，能使人相信的324、presentation n.描述，陈述325、physical a.身体的，肉体的，物质的，有形的326、rate n.速度，比率，价格327、pitch n.声音或音调的高低度328、tone n.声调，语气，口气329、absorbed a.全神贯注的330、how-to a.提供入门知识的，叫你怎么做的331、stride vi.大踏步走，阔步前进n.大步332、impress vt.给···留下深刻印象333、shake n.摇晃，摇动334、handshake n.握手335、consistent a.一致的，一贯的336、consistently ad.一致地，一贯地337、address vt.向···作讲话，向···发表演讲338、match vt.和···匹配，和··一致339、depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧340、depressed a.沮丧的，抑郁的341、audience n.观众，听众342、contact n.接触，联系，交往343、relax v.放松344、relaxed a.放松的，松弛的345、lighten v.使轻松，使愉快，使减轻，使放松346、powerful a.强壮的，有力的，能控制别人的，有影响力的347、entertainment n.娱乐，供消遣的东西348、roar vi.大声喊叫，咆哮349、brood vi.沉思，担忧Section B350、statement n.叙述，陈述，说明，说法351、snap a.匆忙的，仓促的352、judgment n.看法，意见，判断353、seemingly ad.从表面上看，似乎是354、instant a.立即的，即刻的355、sign n.迹象，标志，招聘，指示牌356、immaturity n.不成熟357、lack n.缺乏，不足vt.没有，不足358、assume vt.假定，假设，想当然认为359、acquaint vt.使认识，使了解360、behavioral a.行为的361、estimate vt.评价，判断362、overestimate vt.高估363、obvious a.显然的，明显的364、partial a.部分的，不完全的365、partially ad.部分地，不完全地366、account n.账户，报告，记述vt.作出解释，提出理由367、imagine vt.想象，设想，认为，以为368、briefcase n.公文包369、rub vt.磨擦，擦370、behavior n.行为，举止371、aggressive a.侵略的，挑衅的，积极进取的372、resent vt.对···忿恨，怨恨373、resentful a.充满怨愤的，怨恨的374、function n.功能，作用，用途375、status n.身份，地位376、aspiration n.强烈的愿望，志向377、definitely ad.无疑地，肯定地378、project n.计划，课题，科研项目vt.呈现，表现379、promote vt.促进，增进，提升，晋升380、ornament n.装饰品，点缀物381、jewel n.宝石，首饰382、means n.手段，方法383、conviction n.坚定的信仰，确信384、campaign n.运动385、religious a.宗教的，笃信宗教的，虔诚的386、token n.标志，象征387、membership n.会员388、badge n.徽章，证章389、economic a.经济的390、architecture n.建筑风格391、rigid a.严格的，死板的392、norm n.行为准则，道德规范，标准，准则，规范393、style n.风格，方式394、lifestyle n.生活方式Unit 5Section A395、AIDS n.艾滋病396、acquire vt.获得397、immune a.免疫的，不受影响的398、deficiency n.不足，缺乏399、syndrome n.综合征400、diagnose vt.诊断401、inflect vt.感染402、HIV n.艾滋病毒403、virus n.病毒，计算机病毒404、rural a.农村的405、constitute vt.组成，构成406、segment n.部分407、alarm vt.使惊恐，惊慌n.惊慌，报警器408、alarming a.令人惊恐的，令人担心的409、federal a.联邦的，联邦制的410、implement vt.实施，执行411、organization n.组织，机构，安排412、emerge vi.浮现，出现413、network n.网络，人际关系网，联系网414、combat vt.战斗n.战斗415、resource n.资源416、creative a.创造性的417、creativety ad.创造性地418、educational a.教育的，与教育有关的419、client n.顾客420、publication n.出版物，发表，出版421、appointment n.约会，约定422、educate vt.教育，训练423、stylist n.发型师424、literature n.资料，文学425、literacy n.有文化，识字426、solve vt.解决427、illustrate vt.说明428、establish vt.建立，创办429、buster n.克星430、risk n.风险vt.使遭受···危险431、pressure n.压力432、define vt.下定义，描述433、redefine vt.重新说明434、marital a.婚姻的435、plague vt.折磨，使苦恼n.瘟疫，传染病436、establishment n.机构，单位437、emphasize vt.强调438、regardless ad.不管怎样，不论如何439、solution n.解决办法，解答440、crisis n.危机441、cure vt.治愈，痊愈，解决问题n.治愈，治疗442、represent vt.代表，表示，象征443、epidemic n.流行病，传染病444、threaten vt.威胁，恐吓445、racial a.种族的446、distract vt.使转移注意力，使分心447、efficiency n.效率448、inefficiency n.效率低下，无效449、undeclared a.未正式宣布的Section B450、commence v.开始451、thrust vt.猛推，猛塞452、apart ad.分开地453、initial a.起始的，开始的454、initially ad.起初，起先455、intense a.强烈的，剧烈的456、bleed vi.流血457、haste n.匆忙458、trial n.预赛，选拔赛，审判，试验459、significant a.意义重大的，重要的460、endanger vt.使处于险境461、spill vt.使溢出，使溅出vi.溅出，溢出462、adoption n.收养，采用463、explore vt.探究，研究v.探索，探测464、mug vt.对···行凶抢劫465、prior a.在···之前，事先的，预先的466、springboard n.跳板467、unfortunately ad.不幸地，遗憾地468、coach n.教练vt.训练，指导，辅导469、assist v.帮助470、enjoyable a.令人愉快的，可以享受的471、triumph n.胜利，成功472、partner n.配偶，伴侣473、confuse vt.使困惑，使糊涂474、vapor n.蒸汽475、vaporize v.使变成蒸汽，蒸发，消失476、compete vi.竞争，参赛477、scare vt.惊吓，使恐吓478、repetition n.重复479、confident a.自信的480、scoreboard a.（体育项目）记分牌481、leap vi.跳，跳跃482、quit v.停止，放弃Unit 6Section A483、trashman n.垃圾清理工，环卫工人484、haul vt.拖，拉，托运485、continuous a.连续的，不断的486、continuously ad.不断地，连续地487、wicked a.极坏的，邪恶的488、wickedly ad.非常地489、barrel n.桶490、tremble vi.颤抖，发抖491、dump vt.倾倒，抛弃n.垃圾场492、route n.路线493、outdoor a.户外的494、greenhouse n.温室大棚495、lengthy a.冗长的，过长的496、civilize vt.使文明，使有教养497、civilized a.文明的，有理的498、register v.登记，注意到499、retreat vi.撤退n.撤退500、indoors ad.在室内501、peculiar a.奇怪的，罕见的，独特的502、rage v.大怒，怒吼n.大怒，怒吼503、spontaneous a.自发的，即使的504、spontaneously ad.自发地505、monster n.怪物，妖怪506、graduate vi.毕业n.毕业507、garbageman n.垃圾工508、folk a.民间的，民俗的n.亲人，家属509、boast v.夸口，吹嘘510、yell v.大叫，大喊511、original a.原先的，最初的512、originally ad.原先，原来513、employment n.职业，工作，就业514、muscle n.肌肉515、sore a.疼痛的516、contrary a.相反的517、harm n.伤害vt.伤害518、frank a.坦诚的，直率的519、frankly ad.坦诚地（说）520、philosopher n.哲学家521、plumber n.管道工522、theory n.理论523、economist n.经济学家524、acquaintance n.熟人525、addicted a.上瘾的，着迷的526、devote vt.致力于，献身于527、conceive vt.构想出，设想528、conceivably ad.可想象出地，可以相信地529、retire vi.退休530、spot n.斑点，地点，职位531、afford vt.有能力做，承担得起532、executive n.领导 a.行政的，执行的533、divide vt.分配，分享，分用534、admire vt.羡慕535、ignore vt.忽视，不理睬536、survivor v.幸存，活下来537、beloved a.深爱的538、accurate a.精确的，准确的539、accurately ad.精确地，准确地540、manufacture vt.制造，生产541、neighborhood n.邻居542、odd a.临时的，不固定的，奇怪的，异常的543、widow n.寡妇544、deceased n.死者545、replace vt.代替，更换546、bear vt.忍受547、straighten v.使变直548、finance n.资金，财政549、stock n.股份550、option n.选择权551、wind vt.紧张，不安，上发条n.风552、line-up n.一排人553、discreet a.谨慎的，慎重的554、discreetly ad.小心地，谨慎地555、inquiry n.打听，询问556、replacement n.替换，代替Unit 7Section A557、cautions a.小心的，谨慎的558、scan vt.浏览，559、unusual a.不寻常的560、exception n.例外561、portly a.肥胖的562、shave v.剃胡子，刮毛发563、unshave a.未剃须的，未修面的564、shrub n.灌木丛565、parking n.停车567、pad n.垫，衬垫568、pistol n.手枪569、contrive vi.设法做到570、toss vt.投，掷，抛571、bark v.大声吼，嚷572、instinct n.本能，天性573、instinctively ad.本能地，天性地574、sideways ad.向一边，从侧面575、slight a.瘦小的，少量的，轻微的576、enlarge vt.使扩大，使增长577、polish vt.擦亮，提高578、polished a.擦亮的，磨光的，完美的，精湛的579、attach vt.系，贴580、criminal a.犯罪的，刑事的n.犯罪581、victim n.受害者582、identify vt.辨别，辨认583、offend vt.违法，犯罪vi.冒犯，触怒584、offender n.犯法的人，犯规的人585、detail n.细节，详细586、rip vt.撕掉，扯掉587、wrist n.腕关节588、lawn n.草坪，草地589、dirt n.尘土，灰尘590、temple n.太阳穴591、Lord n.上帝592、mercy n.仁慈，怜悯593、sin n.罪恶vi.违法教规594、sinner n.(宗教，道德上的)罪人595、footstep n.脚步声596、fade vi.逐渐消失597、span n.一段时间，持续时间598、fry vt.油煎，油炸599、fried a.油炸的，油煎的600、eternal a.永恒的，永久的，不断的601、eternity n.来世，永生，永恒602、rob vt.抢劫603、stiff a.浓的，烈性的，僵硬的604、additional a.额外的，另外的605、robbery n.抢劫罪，抢劫案606、album n.影集，邮集607、album-sized a.影集大小的608、current a.当前的，现时的n.潮流609、woe n.哀愁610、foundation n.基础，根据，基金会，建立，设立611、discontent n.不满，不满足612、presently ad.现在，目前，一会儿613、stick vt.粘贴，粘贴，插入614、dam n.堤坝，水坝Section B615、handle n.柄，把手vt.处理，处置616、bullet n.子弹617、advocate vt.鼓吹，提倡，拥护n.拥护者618、ignorance n.无知，不知619、statistics n.统计，统计学，统计数据620、previous a.以前的，先前的621、previously ad.以前，先前622、violence n.暴力623、affect vt.影响624、transport vt.运输，运送，搬运625、residence n.住处，住宅，公馆626、intend vt.打算，计划，想要，准备627、injure vt.伤害，损害628、confront vt.使面对，面临，遭遇629、imagination n.想象，幻想，想象力630、reality n.现实，实际631、apartment n.一套房间，公寓套房632、intention n.意图，打算，目的633、intentionally ad.故意地634、omit vt.省略，遗漏635、dominating a.有影响力的，有支配力的636、Negro n.黑人637、gas n.气体，汽油638、cashier n.收银员639、reveal vt.揭示，展现，使显露640、anxiety n.焦急641、automobile n.汽车642、automatic a.机械的，自动的643、automatically ad.不假思索地，无意识地，自动地644、disgust vt.反感，厌恶645、confrontation n.对抗，冲突646、guilty a.内疚的，愧疚的，有罪的，犯罪的647、guilt n.内疚，罪，犯罪648、bet v.以（钱，物等）打赌，确信，敢说649、gasoline n.(=gas)汽油Unit 8Section A650、satisfactory a.令人满意的651、flash vi.飞驰，掠过，想法突然产生652、particularly ad.特别地653、glow vi.发光654、creation n.发明，创造，艺术品655、mystery n.迷656、reasonable a.合理的，适当的657、psychology n.心理学658、psychologist n.心理学家658、process n.进程，过程659、personality n.名人，个性660、intensify v.增强，加强661、genius n.天才，天赋662、philosophy n.哲学663、invention n.发明，创造，发明物664、logic n.逻辑推理665、signal n.信号，暗号666、dramatic a.戏剧的，演戏的，激动人心的，引人注目的667、compose v.作曲，创造，由···组成668、occupy vt.占用，使忙于669、fling vt.快速移动，猛扔，抛670、couch n.长沙发671、miracle n.奇迹672、mighty n.强大的，巨大的673、orchestra n.管弦乐队674、orchestral a.管弦乐对的675、contrast n.对照，差异676、mathematician n.数学家677、combination n.结合，联合，组合物678、surge vi.汹涌，涌现679、combine v.联合，结合680、stable a.稳定的681、existence n.存在682、observe vt.观察，注意到683、explosion n.爆发，迸发，爆炸，扩大684、exemplify vt.举例说明685、certainty n.确定，确定性686、enthusiasm n.热情，积极性687、representative a.典型的，有代表性的688、count v.计数，点数目689、countless a.无数的690、source n.源泉，来源691、instinctive a.本能的692、responsible a.负责的，有责任心的，是···的原因693、disorganize vt.打扰，扰乱694、element n.元素，成分Section B695、creativity n.创造力696、chill v.变冷，冷藏n.寒冷，寒意696、dip vt.蘸，浸697、applaud v.鼓掌698、remark vt.评论，谈论n.谈论，评论699、decade n.十年700、convince vt.使确信，使信服701、capacity n.容积，才能702、impulse n.冲动，刺激703、potential a.潜在的n.潜力，潜能704、reservoir n.贮藏，水库705、concrete a.具体的706、capture n.捕获，占领，夺得707、fleeting a.飞逝的，短暂的708、carriage n.四轮马车709、scracely ad.仅仅，才，几乎不710、awake v.叫醒，唤醒711、recall n.回忆，回想712、fortunately ad.幸运地713、sketch v.勾画，会草图714、fertile a.肥沃的，富饶的，丰富的715、advantage n.优点716、productive a.多产的，有收益的，富有成效的717、disturb vt.打扰，妨碍718、undisturbed a.未被打扰的719、associate n.同事，合作人720、invent vt.发明721、inventor n.发明家722、claim vt.声称，自称723、engineering n.工程724、string n.细绳725、pliers n.钳子726、motion n.运动727、pendulum n.摆钟728、swing v.摆动，摇摆729、context n.环境，背景，上下文730、transfer v.转移，调动731、principle n.原则732、enhance vt.提高，增强733、vitamin n.维生素734、therapy n.治疗735、novel n.小说736、potentially ad.可能地，潜在地737、fascinating a.迷人的，有吸引力的Unit 9Section A738、fantastic a.极好的，极出色的739、error n.错误740、whatsoever ad.丝毫，任何741、arouse vt.唤醒，引起，激起742、magnificent a.出色的，壮丽的，宏伟的743、remarkable a.显著的，值得注意的744、schoolwork n.作业745、ease n.容易，不费力vt.减轻，缓解746、devil n.家伙，人747、factor n.因素748、outstanting a.优秀的，突出的749、infinite a.极大的，无限的750、infinitely ad.极其，非常751、accomplish vt.完成752、accomplished a.熟练的，有才艺的753、mission n.任务，使命，职责754、investigate vt.审查，调查755、mysterious a.神秘的，难以理解的756、analysis n.分析757、peak n.高峰，最高峰758、excellent n.优秀，杰出，卓越759、credit n.信任，学分760、reponsibility n.责任，职责，义务761、amount n.数量vi.等于762、entertain vt.考虑，怀着763、alternative a.两者选择的n.供选择的东西764、irregular a.不规则的765、grant vt.给予，资助，拨款766、cease n.停止，中止v.停止767、concentration n.集中精力，专心，专注768、adapt v.适应，改编769、weird a.离奇的，难以理解的770、profit n.赢利，利润v.有利于771、alter v.改变772、performance n.成绩，表现Section B773、echo n.回音vi.回音774、hallway n.通道，走廊775、await vt.等候，等待776、abortion n.堕胎，流产，失败，夭折777、database n.数据库778、available a.可利用的，能得到的779、indecision n.迟疑不决780、ban vt.禁止，取缔n.禁令781、predict vt.预言782、breakthrough n.突破，重大发现783、fate n.命运784、host vt.招待，主办，接待n.主人，东道主，主持人785、pose vi.摆姿势vt.提问题786、instance n.事例787、expert n.专家 a.熟练的，有经验的788、surgery n.手术789、naval a.海军的790、aircraft n.飞行器，飞机791、target n.目标vt.瞄准，以···为目标792、spoonful n.一匙的量793、navigation n.航空，航海794、numerous a.很多的795、fluent a.流利的，熟练的796、mechanic n.力学，机械学，机械师797、advertise v.为···作广告798、advertising n.广告，广告业799、waken v.唤醒，醒来800、enormous a.巨大的，庞大的801、enormously ad.很，非常802、oversleep vi.睡过头803、survey vt.调查n.概况804、best-selling a.畅销的805、filmmaker n.电影制片人，导演806、prosperous a.富裕的，繁荣的807、involve vt.积极参与，包含，包括，需要Unit 10808、demonstrate vt.表明，证明，演示，示范vi.示威，游行809、integrity n.诚实，正直，完整，完全810、morality n.道德，道德观811、boundary n.边界，局限，界限812、convenience n.方便，便利813、inner a.内心的，隐秘的，内部的，里面的814、compass n.指南针815、scarce a.不足的，缺乏的816、triangle n.三角形817、consist vi.由···组成818、firm a.坚定的，稳固的819、firmly ad.稳定地，坚定地820、surgical a.外科（手术）的821、assistance n.援助，帮助822、ensure vt.确保，保证823、instrument n.工具，器具，乐器824、sponge n.海绵825、assure vt.确保，使确信826、protest v.反对，抗议vt.申明，断言n.抗议827、concede v.让步，认输vt.承认828、intelligent a.聪明的829、clarify vt.澄清，解释830、appoint vt.任命831、progressive a.逐渐发展的，进步的，先进的832、progressively ad.逐渐地833、dwarf n.侏儒834、giant n.巨人，伟人 a.巨大的835、genuine a.真的，真实的836、core a.核心的n.核心837、rely vi.依赖，信赖838、external a.外在的，表面的，外面的，外部的839、inevitable a.不可避免的840、inevitablely ad.不可避免地841、preserve vt.保存，保护，存储842、tough a.艰难的，困难的，强壮的843、mature a.成熟的，844、conscience n.良心845、component n.成分，部件846、enrich vt.改善，改进，使丰富847、fashionable a.时髦的，时尚的848、yield vi.屈服vt.生产849、tempt vt.引诱，诱惑850、attraction n.吸引力851、rear a.后面的n.背后，后面852、rear-view n.后视Section B853、website n.网站854、cheat v.欺骗n.骗子855、nerve n.神经过敏，紧张不安，神经856、ultimate a.最大的，最终的，最后的857、nightmare n.恶梦，恐怖的经历，可怕的事情858、illicit a.非法的，违规的859、link vt.联系，连接n.纽带860、contemporary a.当代的，同时代的n.同时代的人861、fake vt.伪造，造假n.假货，赝品a.伪造的，假的862、appropriate a.合适的，适当的863、purchase vt.购买864、download vt.下载865、reconcile v.和解，调和866、irreconcilable a.不可调和的867、moral a.道德的，道义的868、dilemma n.进退两难，难处869、expense n.花费，费用870、on-file a.存档的871、per perp.每，每一872、consumer n.消费者873、readily ad.容易地，乐意地874、semester n.学期875、emporium n.商场876、press vt.压，按n.报界，新闻界877、hail vt.拥戴，招呼878、authorship n.作家身份879、perception n.洞察力，理解力，看法，观点880、perceptive a.洞察力强的，理解力强的881、twich vi.抽动，抽搐n.抽动，抽搐882、intellectual a.智力的，理解的，有知识的n.知识分子883、property n.财产，所有物，地产，房地产，属性，特性884、issue n.问题，议题vt.颁发，发表885、incline vi.倾向去886、cynical a.愤世嫉俗的，玩世不恭的887、notion n.概念，观念，看法888、incidence n.发生率889、honesty n.诚实，正直，890、proof n.证据891、cheat-proof a.防止作弊的892、structure vt.构造，安排，组织n.结构，构造893、transform vt.改变，改造894、handout n.印发的文稿，施舍物，救济物895、drama n.戏剧896、narrative a.叙述，叙述手法，故事，记叙文897、curb vt.控制，抑制n.控制，抑制898、strategy n.对策，策略，计划，兵法，战略899、basically ad.基本地。
新视野大学英语1电子版答案
新视野大学英语1电子版答案阅读理解1. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A. To describe the features of mobile phones.B. To explain how mobile phones work.C. To introduce the history of mobile phones.D. To show all the new features of mobile phones.2. The word “wireless” in the passage mostly means _______.A. no charger neededB. no wires neededC. no signal neededD. no screen needed3. According to the passage, in what year did the first mobile phone become available?A. 1943B. 1973C. 1983D. 19934. What is the difference between a smartphone and a traditional mobile phone?A. Smartphones are a lot cheaper than traditional mobile phones.B. Smartphones do not have many features.C. Traditional mobile phones do not have screens.D. Smartphones have many features, such as cameras and internet access.5. What is the author’s opinion of mobile phones?A. That they are too expensiveB. That they are too complicatedC. That they are essential in today’s worldD. That they should be banned in certain places翻译1. 我们昨天在公园散步。
新视野大学英语第二版第一册Unit 1
如：--- Only in Wuhan can you eat dry noodle here and there. 只有在武汉你才有可能随处吃到热干面。 只有在武汉你才有可能随处吃到热干面。 --- Not only did we enjoy the film, but we also had a wonderful time. 我们不仅看了电影，而且玩得很痛快。 我们不仅看了电影，而且玩得很痛快。
快速查找来自课文中对应的英文表达： 快速查找来自课文中对应的英文表达：
最有意义的经历
→ most rewarding experience
值得...（ 值得...（做）的 ...
→ be well worth sth./ doing sth.
在班里名列前茅
→ be at the top of the class
• • • •
CET- 4 补充 : 下列否定词或短语位于句首时, 句子要倒装。 下列否定词或短语位于句首时, 句子要倒装。 never / seldom / little / nowhere in no way 决不 under no circumstances 决不 no sooner… than 一 … 就 …
4. However, the situation was far from perfect. (Para.4) 一点都不， （be）far from: 一点都不，完全不 ） 听译--如：听译 Far from （being） angry, he's very happy. ） 他一点都不生气, 很快乐。 他一点都不生气 很快乐。 听译--听译 Her husband is far from （ being ） handsome; he is somewhat ugly. 她丈夫谈不上英俊, 有点丑。 她丈夫谈不上英俊 有点丑。
（完整word版）（第三版）新视野大学英语读写教程1答案
（完整word版）（第三版）新视野大学英语读写教程1答案Unite 11.选词填空explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school.2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep.3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared.4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable.5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability.6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high.7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population.8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population.9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action.10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey.2.15选10attain赢得，获得，得到fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue追求，致力于available可获得的可利用的qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加passion强烈的爱好，热爱virtually实际上classify分类归类acquire获得，取得，学到fashionable流行的especially特别的 sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attaina bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of thecomputer screen, working on a new program, (5)virtually day and night, because they find some computer programs (6)fascinating, and they dream of becoming a "Bill Gates" one day. Secondly, there are students who work hard mainly for a better and more (7)prosperous future. It seems that the majority of students fall into this group. After admission to the university, they read books after books to (8)acquire knowledge from all of the resources which are (9)available to them, and finally, to succeed in the future job market. Thirdly, there are still some students who learn without a clear goal. They take courses, finish homework, enjoy life on campus, but don't want to (10)sample anything new or challenging. They have no idea what they will be doing after college. And they may end up with nothing in their lives.3.选词组open the door to 给···以机会 in advance 预先，提前all at once 同时，一下子 reap the benefits (of) 得享（某事物）的好处make the most of最大限度的利用某物 over time逐渐地，慢慢地get by过活，活的去 stand a chance (of)有（做成某事）的希望remind ... of 使某人想起 take pleasure in乐于做某事1. My family got by on my father's unemployment benefit after he lost his job.2. Many subway riders read books or listen to music in order to make the most of their time on the way to work.3. In order to make sure he would be able to attend the meeting, I called him up two weeks in advance.4. Experts say our company is amazing in that sales have been increasing steadily over time .5. In order to reap the benefits of the physical exercise, you have to exercise regularly, and for at least half an hour each time.6. They all tried to talk all at once, but I couldn't hear anything they said.7. Yellow flowers in the field always remind me of my childhood in the countryside.8. We have been practicing for so long and so hard that our team should stand a chance of winning the game.9. Research on genes will open the door to exciting new medical treatments.10. Every one of you has made a contribution and I take pleasure in acknowledging what each of you has done to make this academic convention such a success.4.汉译英孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，被尊称为古代的"圣人"（sage）。
新视野大学英语读写部分教材(电子版)NHCE Book One-Unit 1-Section A
Unit 1Section ALearning a Foreign LanguageLearning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life. Although at times, learning a language was frustrating, it was well worth the effort.My experience with a foreign language began in junior middle school, when I took my first English class. I had a kind and patient teacher who often praised all of the students. Because of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, never worrying much about making mistakes. I was at the top of my class for two years.When I went to senior middle school, I was eager to continue studying English; however, my experience in senior school was very different from before. While my former teacher had been patient with all the students, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. Whenever we answered incorrectly, she pointed a long stick at us and, shaking it up and down, shouted, "No! No! No!" It didn't take me long to lose my eagerness to answer questions. Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in English.However, that state didn't last long. When I went to college, I learned that all students were required to take an English course. Unlike my senior middle school teacher, my college English teachers were patient and kind, and none of them carried long, pointed sticks! However, the situation was far from perfect. As our classes were very large, I was only able to answer a couple of questions in each class period. Also, after a few weeks of classes, I noticed there were many students who spoke much better than I did. I began to feel intimidated. So, once again, although for different reasons, I was afraid to speak. It seemed my English was going to stay at the same level forever.That was the situation until a couple of years later, when I was offered an opportunity to study English through an online course. The communication medium was a computer, phone line, and modem. I soon got access to the necessary equipment, learned the technology from a friend and participated in the virtual classroom 5 to 7 days a week.Online learning is not easier than regular classroom study; it requires much time, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course. I worked hard to meet the minimum standards set by the course and to complete assignments on time.I practiced all the time. I carried a little dictionary with me everywhere I went, as well as a notebook in which I listed any new words I heard. I made many, sometimes embarrassing, mistakes. Once in a while I cried with frustration, and sometimes I felt like giving up. But I didn't feel intimidated by students who spoke faster than I did because I took all the time I needed to think out my ideas and wrote a reply before posting it on the screen. Then, one day I realized I could understand just about everything I came across, and most importantly, I could "say" anything I wanted to in English. Although I still made many mistakes and was continually learning, I had finally reaped the benefits of all that hard work.Learning a foreign language has been a most trying experience for me, but one that I wouldn't trade for anything. Not only did learning another language teach me the value of hard work, but italso gave me insights into another culture, and my mind was opened to new ways of seeing things. The most wonderful result of having learned a foreign language was that I could communicate with many more people than before. Talking with people is one of my favorite activities, so being able to speak a new language lets me meet new people, participate in conversations, and form new, unforgettable friendships. Now that I speak a foreign language, instead of staring into space when English is being spoken, I can participate and make friends. I am able to reach out to others and bridge the gap between my language and culture and theirs.Words: 700。
(完整版)新视野大学英语1单词表
(完整版)新视野大学英语1单词表-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN新视野大学英语1单词表Unit1Section A1、reward vt.奖赏，回报 n.奖赏，回报2、rewarding a.值得做的，有益的，有意义的3、frustrate vt.使沮丧，使灰心4、junior a.初级的，较低的 n.较低者，晚辈5、positive a.积极的，明确的6、senior a.较高的 n.年长者，较高者，长辈7、former a.在前的，以前的，旧时的 n.前者8、unlike prep.不像，和······不同9、intimidate vt.威胁，恐吓10、opportunity n.机会11、online a.联网的，在线的 ad.联网地，在线地12、communication n.交流，交际，通讯13、medium n.媒体，媒介 a.中等的14、modem n.调制调解器15、access n.享用权，通道，入口16、participate vi.参加，参与17、virtual a.虚拟的，实质上的18、commitment n.献身，投入，致力，承诺，保证19、disipline n.纪律，学科20、minimum a.最低的，最小的 n.最少量，最低限度21、assignment n.任务，作业22、embarrass vt.使尴尬，使难堪23、embarrassing a.令人尴尬的，令人难堪的24、frustration n.沮丧，不安，灰心25、post vt.张贴，发帖子26、continual a.不间断的，不停的，重复的，频繁的27、continually ad.不间断地，不停地，重复地，频繁地28、reap vt.收获，收割，获得，得到29、benefit n.利益 v.有利于30、insight n.深刻的见解31、communicate vt.传达，传播 vi.交流，交际32、favorite a.最喜欢的 n.最喜欢的人或物33、gap n.差距，分歧Section B34、community n.团体，社区35、expand vt.扩张，膨胀36、aware a.意识到的，知道的37、unique a.独特的，唯一的，极好的38、ideal a.完美的，理想化的39、forum n.论坛，讨论会40、remove vt.消除，挪开41、visual a.视觉的42、barrier n.障碍43、hinder vt.阻止，妨碍44、addition n.添加，增加物45、reflect v.反应，体现，深思，考虑46、environment n.环境47、critical a.极为重要的，关键性的, 评论的48、perspective n.观点，视角49、peer n.同龄人，同等地位的人50、instruct vt.指导，指示，命令，通知51、instructor n.指导者，教师52、arise vi.出现，发生，由····引起,由····产生53、absolute a.完全的，十足的54、absolutely ad.完全地，十足地55、explicit a.清楚的，直截了当的56、comment n.评论，意见 vi.评论57、reinforce vt.加强，巩固58、requirement n.要求59、likely ad.可能地 a.可能的60、commit vt.犯（错误），干（蠢事），使用，用于61、assimilate vt.吸收，理解，掌握62、provide vt.提供63、inpute n.输入，投入64、essential a.必不可少的，非常重要的，，基本的 n.要素，要点65、challenge n.挑战 vt.质疑，向···表示怀疑，向···表示挑战66、normally ad.通常地，正常地67、sequence n.次序，顺序，连续，一连串68、sequencial a.连续的69、vital a.极其重要的,有生命的，充满生机的70、effective a.有效的，起作用的，生效的71、facilitate vt.使容易，有助于72、facilitator n.促进者，推动者Unit 2Section A73、concern n.担心，忧虑 vt.涉及，74、click n.咔嗒声 vi.发出咔塔声75、blast n.爆炸，vi.发出响亮的声音 vt.爆炸76、forth ad.出来，向外77、burst vi.冲，闯78、horrible a.糟糕的，可怕的，令人恐惧的79、stuff n.东西，原料 vt.填，塞80、rhythm n.节奏81、grab vt.抓住，夺得82、thorough a.全面的，彻底的83、makeup n.化妆品84、toast n.烤面包 vt.祝酒，干杯85、disgusting a.令人厌恶的86、bug vt.打扰87、eyeliner n.描眼膏88、tattoo n.纹身 vt.刺纹身89、pierce vt.打眼，穿孔90、bolt vi.奔，窜91、upset a.心烦的，不适的 vt.使心烦92、knot n.紧张感，绳子或布条的结93、awful a.可怕的，糟糕的94、tuneless a.曲调，旋律95、offensive a.讨厌的96、lyric a.歌词97、appeal vi.呼吁，使喜欢，吸引98、rid vi.摆脱99、piercing n.刺穿的孔100、negative a.消极的，负面的，否定的101、influence n.影响 vt.影响102、patience n.耐心103、anchor n.靠山，锚104、identity n.身份Section B105、concept n.概念，观念106、consistency n.一致性，连贯性107、response n.回答，反应108、refute vt.反对，反驳109、tend vi.趋向 vt.照顾110、evaluation n.评价，评估111、guidance n.指导，引导112、career n.职业生涯113、trend n.趋势，倾向114、apply v.申请，应用115、individual a.单个的，个别的 n.个人，个体116、teen n.少年117、relate v.联系起来，和睦相处118、entitle vt.给（书、剧本）提名，定名，给予··资格119、attitude n.态度120、contagious a.传染的，够感染力的121、confidence n.信心，把握，信任122、self-confidence n.自信123、sound vi.听起来124、interrogation n.审问，盘问125、adopt n.收养，领养126、curiosity n.好奇心，求知欲127、view n.观点，视力128、oppose vt.反对129、rebellion n.反对，反抗，对权威的蔑视130、chore n.家庭杂务，零星的工作131、conflict n.冲突132、credibility n.可信性，可靠性133、ruin vt.毁坏，毁掉134、carton n.卡通135、admit n.承认，接受136、acceptance n.接受，认可137、self-acceptance n.自我接受138、tolerance n.包容，容忍139、perfection n.完美140、imperfection n.不完美141、approach n.接近，靠近，方法 v.接近142、hurtful a.伤感情的，刻薄的143、argument n.讨论，争吵144、humor n.幽默145、possibility n.可能性，146、awaken v.醒来，唤醒147、neglect n.忽略Unit 3Section A148、lean vi.倚，靠，倾斜，倾向，偏向149、balance n.平衡，均衡 v.平衡，权衡150、severe a.恶劣的，严重的，严格的，严厉的151、severely ad.严重地，严格地，严格地152、cripple vt.使坡，使残废153、inward a.在内的，内部的，性格内向的154、inwardly ad.内心（或精神）方面155、bother vt.使苦恼 vi.尽力，费心156、coordinate vt.使协调157、halt v.暂停，中断，中止 n.暂停，中止，中断158、impacient a.不耐烦的，没耐心的，急切的，渴望的159、pace n.步行速度，速度 vi.踱步160、adjust v.使适应161、subway n.地铁，地下隧道162、despite prep 尽管，不管163、nasty a.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，恶意的，不友善的164、wagon n.四轮马车，儿童手推车165、cling vi.抱住，抓紧，坚持，忠于166、rail n.栏杆，护栏167、handrail n.栏杆，扶手168、tunnel n.隧道169、amaze vt.使惊讶，使惊奇170、subject n.主题，题材，话题，学科 vt.使遭受，使蒙受171、stress vt.强调，重视，n.强调，重视，压力，忧虑紧张172、complaint n.投诉，意见173、envy vt.嫉妒，羡慕 n.嫉妒羡慕174、owner n.物主，所有人175、precise a.精确的，准确的176、precisely ad.准确地，精确地177、engage vi.参与，参加 vt.使全神贯注，引起注意178、local a.当地的，地方的 n.当地人179、knowledgeable a.知识渊博的180、occasion n.场合，时机，时刻181、punch vt.用拳猛击，打孔182、shove v.推挤，推撞183、content a.满意的，满足的184、aid vt.帮助，援助 n.帮助，援助185、unaided a.无助的，独立的186、kid v.开玩笑187、urge vt.督促 n.强烈愿望，迫切希望188、dive vi.潜水，跳水 n.跳水，潜水，假装被击倒189、reluctance n.不愿，勉强190、worthy a.值得做的191、unworthy a.不值得做的192、regret vt.后悔 n.后悔，遗憾193、complian v.抱怨194、trifle n.无价值的东西，琐事195、envious a.妒忌的，羡慕的Section B196、elderly a.年长的，上年纪的197、collapse vi病倒，昏倒，塌陷 n.倒塌，塌陷，崩溃198、ambulance n.救护车199、county n.县200、locate vt.位于，确定···位置201、emergency n.紧急情况，紧急事件202、emergency room n.急诊室203、marine n.海军陆战队员 a.海生的，海里的，海事的海运的304、apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，表面上的，貌似的305、apparently ad.表面上，看上去像306、corps n.特种部队307、vehicle n.车辆，交通工具308、marsh n.沼泽地，湿地309、military a.军事的，军队的301、sole a.唯一的，仅有的302、enable vt.使能够，使可以303、lobby n.接待室，门厅，门廊304、extend vt.伸展，展开，扩大，延长 vi.延长，延续305、wrap vt.搂住，握住，包，裹306、limp a.没精神的 vi.一瘸一拐的走307、squeeze vt.挤，压，捏 v.挤进，塞入308、encouragement n.鼓励309、dim a.朦胧的，渺茫的，暗淡的310、dimly ad.朦胧地，模糊地311、occasional a.偶尔的，偶然的312、occasionally ad.偶然地313、bang v.猛击，猛撞 n.猛击（声），猛撞(声)304、staff n.全体工作人员，人员305、exchange vt.交流，交换306、moan n.呻吟307、breathe v.呼吸308、inform vt.通知，告诉，报告309、sympathy n.同情，怜悯310、interrupt v.打断，打扰，中断 vt.使中断，使暂停311、startle vt.使大吃一惊，是吓一跳312、exit v.退出，退场 n.出口313、personnel n.人事部门，全体人员，员工Unit 4Section A314、impression n.印象315、conscious a.有意识的，意识到的，清醒的，有知觉的316、reaction n.反应317、range vi.（在一定范围内）变化、变动 n.范围，射程318、introduction n.介绍319、spouse n.配偶320、interview n.面试，采访，访谈 vt.面试，采访321、encounter n.偶然相遇 vt.意外遇到，遭遇322、focus v.集中精力 n.集中点，中心323、persuasive a.有说服力的，能使人相信的324、presentation n.描述，陈述325、physical a.身体的，肉体的，物质的，有形的326、rate n.速度，比率，价格327、pitch n.声音或音调的高低度328、tone n.声调，语气，口气329、absorbed a.全神贯注的330、how-to a.提供入门知识的，叫你怎么做的331、stride vi.大踏步走，阔步前进 n.大步332、impress vt.给···留下深刻印象333、shake n.摇晃，摇动334、handshake n.握手335、consistent a.一致的，一贯的336、consistently ad.一致地，一贯地337、address vt.向···作讲话，向···发表演讲338、match vt.和···匹配，和··一致339、depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧340、depressed a.沮丧的，抑郁的341、audience n.观众，听众342、contact n.接触，联系，交往343、relax v.放松344、relaxed a.放松的，松弛的345、lighten v.使轻松，使愉快，使减轻，使放松346、powerful a.强壮的，有力的，能控制别人的，有影响力的347、entertainment n.娱乐，供消遣的东西348、roar vi.大声喊叫，咆哮349、brood vi.沉思，担忧Section B350、statement n.叙述，陈述，说明，说法351、snap a.匆忙的，仓促的352、judgment n.看法，意见，判断353、seemingly ad.从表面上看，似乎是354、instant a.立即的，即刻的355、sign n.迹象，标志，招聘，指示牌356、immaturity n.不成熟357、lack n.缺乏，不足 vt.没有，不足358、assume vt.假定，假设，想当然认为359、acquaint vt.使认识，使了解360、behavioral a.行为的361、estimate vt.评价，判断362、overestimate vt.高估363、obvious a.显然的，明显的364、partial a.部分的，不完全的365、partially ad.部分地，不完全地366、account n.账户，报告，记述 vt.作出解释，提出理由367、imagine vt.想象，设想，认为，以为368、briefcase n.公文包369、rub vt.磨擦，擦370、behavior n.行为，举止371、aggressive a.侵略的，挑衅的，积极进取的372、resent vt.对···忿恨，怨恨373、resentful a.充满怨愤的，怨恨的374、function n.功能，作用，用途375、status n.身份，地位376、aspiration n.强烈的愿望，志向377、definitely ad.无疑地，肯定地378、project n.计划，课题，科研项目 vt.呈现，表现379、promote vt.促进，增进，提升，晋升380、ornament n.装饰品，点缀物381、jewel n.宝石，首饰382、means n.手段，方法383、conviction n.坚定的信仰，确信384、campaign n.运动385、religious a.宗教的，笃信宗教的，虔诚的386、token n.标志，象征387、membership n.会员388、badge n.徽章，证章389、economic a.经济的390、architecture n.建筑风格391、rigid a.严格的，死板的392、norm n.行为准则，道德规范，标准，准则，规范393、style n.风格，方式394、lifestyle n.生活方式Unit 5Section A395、AIDS n.艾滋病396、acquire vt.获得397、immune a.免疫的，不受影响的398、deficiency n.不足，缺乏399、syndrome n.综合征400、diagnose vt.诊断401、inflect vt.感染402、HIV n.艾滋病毒403、virus n.病毒，计算机病毒404、rural a.农村的405、constitute vt.组成，构成406、segment n.部分407、alarm vt.使惊恐，惊慌 n.惊慌，报警器408、alarming a.令人惊恐的，令人担心的409、federal a.联邦的，联邦制的410、implement vt.实施，执行411、organization n.组织，机构，安排412、emerge vi.浮现，出现413、network n.网络，人际关系网，联系网414、combat vt.战斗 n.战斗415、resource n.资源416、creative a.创造性的417、creativety ad.创造性地418、educational a.教育的，与教育有关的419、client n.顾客420、publication n.出版物，发表，出版421、appointment n.约会，约定422、educate vt.教育，训练423、stylist n.发型师424、literature n.资料，文学425、literacy n.有文化，识字426、solve vt.解决427、illustrate vt.说明428、establish vt.建立，创办429、buster n.克星430、risk n.风险 vt.使遭受···危险431、pressure n.压力432、define vt.下定义，描述433、redefine vt.重新说明434、marital a.婚姻的435、plague vt.折磨，使苦恼 n.瘟疫，传染病436、establishment n.机构，单位437、emphasize vt.强调438、regardless ad.不管怎样，不论如何439、solution n.解决办法，解答440、crisis n.危机441、cure vt.治愈，痊愈，解决问题 n.治愈，治疗442、represent vt.代表，表示，象征443、epidemic n.流行病，传染病444、threaten vt.威胁，恐吓445、racial a.种族的446、distract vt.使转移注意力，使分心447、efficiency n.效率448、inefficiency n.效率低下，无效449、undeclared a.未正式宣布的Section B450、commence v.开始451、thrust vt.猛推，猛塞452、apart ad.分开地453、initial a.起始的，开始的454、initially ad.起初，起先455、intense a.强烈的，剧烈的456、bleed vi.流血457、haste n.匆忙458、trial n.预赛，选拔赛，审判，试验459、significant a.意义重大的，重要的460、endanger vt.使处于险境461、spill vt.使溢出，使溅出 vi.溅出，溢出462、adoption n.收养，采用463、explore vt.探究，研究 v.探索，探测464、mug vt.对···行凶抢劫465、prior a.在···之前，事先的，预先的466、springboard n.跳板467、unfortunately ad.不幸地，遗憾地468、coach n.教练 vt.训练，指导，辅导469、assist v.帮助470、enjoyable a.令人愉快的，可以享受的471、triumph n.胜利，成功472、partner n.配偶，伴侣473、confuse vt.使困惑，使糊涂474、vapor n.蒸汽475、vaporize v.使变成蒸汽，蒸发，消失476、compete vi.竞争，参赛477、scare vt.惊吓，使恐吓478、repetition n.重复479、confident a.自信的480、scoreboard a.（体育项目）记分牌481、leap vi.跳，跳跃482、quit v.停止，放弃Unit 6 Section A483、trashman n.垃圾清理工，环卫工人484、haul vt.拖，拉，托运485、continuous a.连续的，不断的486、continuously ad.不断地，连续地487、wicked a.极坏的，邪恶的488、wickedly ad.非常地489、barrel n.桶490、tremble vi.颤抖，发抖491、dump vt.倾倒，抛弃 n.垃圾场492、route n.路线493、outdoor a.户外的494、greenhouse n.温室大棚495、lengthy a.冗长的，过长的496、civilize vt.使文明，使有教养497、civilized a.文明的，有理的498、register v.登记，注意到499、retreat vi.撤退 n.撤退500、indoors ad.在室内501、peculiar a.奇怪的，罕见的，独特的502、rage v.大怒，怒吼 n.大怒，怒吼503、spontaneous a.自发的，即使的504、spontaneously ad.自发地505、monster n.怪物，妖怪506、graduate vi.毕业 n.毕业507、garbageman n.垃圾工508、folk a.民间的，民俗的 n.亲人，家属509、boast v.夸口，吹嘘510、yell v.大叫，大喊511、original a.原先的，最初的512、originally ad.原先，原来513、employment n.职业，工作，就业514、muscle n.肌肉515、sore a.疼痛的516、contrary a.相反的517、harm n.伤害 vt.伤害518、frank a.坦诚的，直率的519、frankly ad.坦诚地（说）520、philosopher n.哲学家521、plumber n.管道工522、theory n.理论523、economist n.经济学家524、acquaintance n.熟人525、addicted a.上瘾的，着迷的526、devote vt.致力于，献身于527、conceive vt.构想出，设想528、conceivably ad.可想象出地，可以相信地529、retire vi.退休530、spot n.斑点，地点，职位531、afford vt.有能力做，承担得起532、executive n.领导 a.行政的，执行的533、divide vt.分配，分享，分用534、admire vt.羡慕535、ignore vt.忽视，不理睬536、survivor v.幸存，活下来537、beloved a.深爱的538、accurate a.精确的，准确的539、accurately ad.精确地，准确地540、manufacture vt.制造，生产541、neighborhood n.邻居542、odd a.临时的，不固定的，奇怪的，异常的543、widow n.寡妇544、deceased n.死者545、replace vt.代替，更换546、bear vt.忍受547、straighten v.使变直548、finance n.资金，财政549、stock n.股份550、option n.选择权551、wind vt.紧张，不安，上发条 n.风552、line-up n.一排人553、discreet a.谨慎的，慎重的554、discreetly ad.小心地，谨慎地555、inquiry n.打听，询问556、replacement n.替换，代替Unit 7Section A557、cautions a.小心的，谨慎的558、scan vt.浏览，559、unusual a.不寻常的560、exception n.例外561、portly a.肥胖的562、shave v.剃胡子，刮毛发563、unshave a.未剃须的，未修面的564、shrub n.灌木丛565、parking n.停车567、pad n.垫，衬垫568、pistol n.手枪569、contrive vi.设法做到570、toss vt.投，掷，抛571、bark v.大声吼，嚷572、instinct n.本能，天性573、instinctively ad.本能地，天性地574、sideways ad.向一边，从侧面575、slight a.瘦小的，少量的，轻微的576、enlarge vt.使扩大，使增长577、polish vt.擦亮，提高578、polished a.擦亮的，磨光的，完美的，精湛的579、attach vt.系，贴580、criminal a.犯罪的，刑事的 n.犯罪581、victim n.受害者582、identify vt.辨别，辨认583、offend vt.违法，犯罪 vi.冒犯，触怒584、offender n.犯法的人，犯规的人585、detail n.细节，详细586、rip vt.撕掉，扯掉587、wrist n.腕关节588、lawn n.草坪，草地589、dirt n.尘土，灰尘590、temple n.太阳穴591、Lord n.上帝592、mercy n.仁慈，怜悯593、sin n.罪恶 vi.违法教规594、sinner n.(宗教，道德上的)罪人595、footstep n.脚步声596、fade vi.逐渐消失597、span n.一段时间，持续时间598、fry vt.油煎，油炸599、fried a.油炸的，油煎的600、eternal a.永恒的，永久的，不断的601、eternity n.来世，永生，永恒602、rob vt.抢劫603、stiff a.浓的，烈性的，僵硬的604、additional a.额外的，另外的605、robbery n.抢劫罪，抢劫案606、album n.影集，邮集607、album-sized a.影集大小的608、current a.当前的，现时的 n.潮流609、woe n.哀愁610、foundation n.基础，根据，基金会，建立，设立611、discontent n.不满，不满足612、presently ad.现在，目前，一会儿613、stick vt.粘贴，粘贴，插入614、dam n.堤坝，水坝Section B615、handle n.柄，把手 vt.处理，处置616、bullet n.子弹617、advocate vt.鼓吹，提倡，拥护 n.拥护者618、ignorance n.无知，不知619、statistics n.统计，统计学，统计数据620、previous a.以前的，先前的621、previously ad.以前，先前622、violence n.暴力623、affect vt.影响624、transport vt.运输，运送，搬运625、residence n.住处，住宅，公馆626、intend vt.打算，计划，想要，准备627、injure vt.伤害，损害628、confront vt.使面对，面临，遭遇629、imagination n.想象，幻想，想象力630、reality n.现实，实际631、apartment n.一套房间，公寓套房632、intention n.意图，打算，目的633、intentionally ad.故意地634、omit vt.省略，遗漏635、dominating a.有影响力的，有支配力的636、Negro n.黑人637、gas n.气体，汽油638、cashier n.收银员639、reveal vt.揭示，展现，使显露640、anxiety n.焦急641、automobile n.汽车642、automatic a.机械的，自动的643、automatically ad.不假思索地，无意识地，自动地644、disgust vt.反感，厌恶645、confrontation n.对抗，冲突646、guilty a.内疚的，愧疚的，有罪的，犯罪的647、guilt n.内疚，罪，犯罪648、bet v.以（钱，物等）打赌，确信，敢说649、gasoline n.(=gas)汽油Unit 8Section A650、satisfactory a.令人满意的651、flash vi.飞驰，掠过，想法突然产生652、particularly ad.特别地653、glow vi.发光654、creation n.发明，创造，艺术品655、mystery n.迷656、reasonable a.合理的，适当的657、psychology n.心理学658、psychologist n.心理学家658、process n.进程，过程659、personality n.名人，个性660、intensify v.增强，加强661、genius n.天才，天赋662、philosophy n.哲学663、invention n.发明，创造，发明物664、logic n.逻辑推理665、signal n.信号，暗号666、dramatic a.戏剧的，演戏的，激动人心的，引人注目的667、compose v.作曲，创造，由···组成668、occupy vt.占用，使忙于669、fling vt.快速移动，猛扔，抛670、couch n.长沙发671、miracle n.奇迹672、mighty n.强大的，巨大的673、orchestra n.管弦乐队674、orchestral a.管弦乐对的675、contrast n.对照，差异676、mathematician n.数学家677、combination n.结合，联合，组合物678、surge vi.汹涌，涌现679、combine v.联合，结合680、stable a.稳定的681、existence n.存在682、observe vt.观察，注意到683、explosion n.爆发，迸发，爆炸，扩大684、exemplify vt.举例说明685、certainty n.确定，确定性686、enthusiasm n.热情，积极性687、representative a.典型的，有代表性的688、count v.计数，点数目689、countless a.无数的690、source n.源泉，来源691、instinctive a.本能的692、responsible a.负责的，有责任心的，是···的原因693、disorganize vt.打扰，扰乱694、element n.元素，成分Section B695、creativity n.创造力696、chill v.变冷，冷藏 n.寒冷，寒意696、dip vt.蘸，浸697、applaud v.鼓掌698、remark vt.评论，谈论 n.谈论，评论699、decade n.十年700、convince vt.使确信，使信服701、capacity n.容积，才能702、impulse n.冲动，刺激703、potential a.潜在的 n.潜力，潜能704、reservoir n.贮藏，水库705、concrete a.具体的706、capture n.捕获，占领，夺得707、fleeting a.飞逝的，短暂的708、carriage n.四轮马车709、scracely ad.仅仅，才，几乎不710、awake v.叫醒，唤醒711、recall n.回忆，回想712、fortunately ad.幸运地713、sketch v.勾画，会草图714、fertile a.肥沃的，富饶的，丰富的715、advantage n.优点716、productive a.多产的，有收益的，富有成效的717、disturb vt.打扰，妨碍718、undisturbed a.未被打扰的719、associate n.同事，合作人720、invent vt.发明721、inventor n.发明家722、claim vt.声称，自称723、engineering n.工程724、string n.细绳725、pliers n.钳子726、motion n.运动727、pendulum n.摆钟728、swing v.摆动，摇摆729、context n.环境，背景，上下文730、transfer v.转移，调动731、principle n.原则732、enhance vt.提高，增强733、vitamin n.维生素734、therapy n.治疗735、novel n.小说736、potentially ad.可能地，潜在地737、fascinating a.迷人的，有吸引力的Unit 9 Section A738、fantastic a.极好的，极出色的739、error n.错误740、whatsoever ad.丝毫，任何741、arouse vt.唤醒，引起，激起742、magnificent a.出色的，壮丽的，宏伟的743、remarkable a.显着的，值得注意的744、schoolwork n.作业745、ease n.容易，不费力 vt.减轻，缓解746、devil n.家伙，人747、factor n.因素748、outstanting a.优秀的，突出的749、infinite a.极大的，无限的750、infinitely ad.极其，非常751、accomplish vt.完成752、accomplished a.熟练的，有才艺的753、mission n.任务，使命，职责754、investigate vt.审查，调查755、mysterious a.神秘的，难以理解的756、analysis n.分析757、peak n.高峰，最高峰758、excellent n.优秀，杰出，卓越759、credit n.信任，学分760、reponsibility n.责任，职责，义务761、amount n.数量 vi.等于762、entertain vt.考虑，怀着763、alternative a.两者选择的 n.供选择的东西764、irregular a.不规则的765、grant vt.给予，资助，拨款766、cease n.停止，中止 v.停止767、concentration n.集中精力，专心，专注768、adapt v.适应，改编769、weird a.离奇的，难以理解的770、profit n.赢利，利润 v.有利于771、alter v.改变772、performance n.成绩，表现Section B773、echo n.回音 vi.回音774、hallway n.通道，走廊775、await vt.等候，等待776、abortion n.堕胎，流产，失败，夭折777、database n.数据库778、available a.可利用的，能得到的779、indecision n.迟疑不决780、ban vt.禁止，取缔 n.禁令781、predict vt.预言782、breakthrough n.突破，重大发现783、fate n.命运784、host vt.招待，主办，接待 n.主人，东道主，主持人785、pose vi.摆姿势 vt.提问题786、instance n.事例787、expert n.专家 a.熟练的，有经验的788、surgery n.手术789、naval a.海军的790、aircraft n.飞行器，飞机791、target n.目标 vt.瞄准，以···为目标792、spoonful n.一匙的量793、navigation n.航空，航海794、numerous a.很多的795、fluent a.流利的，熟练的796、mechanic n.力学，机械学，机械师797、advertise v.为···作广告798、advertising n.广告，广告业799、waken v.唤醒，醒来800、enormous a.巨大的，庞大的801、enormously ad.很，非常802、oversleep vi.睡过头803、survey vt.调查 n.概况804、best-selling a.畅销的805、filmmaker n.电影制片人，导演806、prosperous a.富裕的，繁荣的807、involve vt.积极参与，包含，包括，需要Unit 10808、demonstrate vt.表明，证明，演示，示范 vi.示威，游行809、integrity n.诚实，正直，完整，完全810、morality n.道德，道德观811、boundary n.边界，局限，界限812、convenience n.方便，便利813、inner a.内心的，隐秘的，内部的，里面的814、compass n.指南针815、scarce a.不足的，缺乏的816、triangle n.三角形817、consist vi.由···组成818、firm a.坚定的，稳固的819、firmly ad.稳定地，坚定地820、surgical a.外科（手术）的821、assistance n.援助，帮助822、ensure vt.确保，保证823、instrument n.工具，器具，乐器824、sponge n.海绵825、assure vt.确保，使确信826、protest v.反对，抗议 vt.申明，断言 n.抗议827、concede v.让步，认输 vt.承认828、intelligent a.聪明的829、clarify vt.澄清，解释830、appoint vt.任命831、progressive a.逐渐发展的，进步的，先进的832、progressively ad.逐渐地833、dwarf n.侏儒834、giant n.巨人，伟人 a.巨大的835、genuine a.真的，真实的836、core a.核心的 n.核心837、rely vi.依赖，信赖838、external a.外在的，表面的，外面的，外部的839、inevitable a.不可避免的840、inevitablely ad.不可避免地841、preserve vt.保存，保护，存储842、tough a.艰难的，困难的，强壮的843、mature a.成熟的，844、conscience n.良心845、component n.成分，部件846、enrich vt.改善，改进，使丰富847、fashionable a.时髦的，时尚的848、yield vi.屈服 vt.生产849、tempt vt.引诱，诱惑850、attraction n.吸引力851、rear a.后面的 n.背后，后面852、rear-view n.后视Section B853、website n.网站854、cheat v.欺骗 n.骗子855、nerve n.神经过敏，紧张不安，神经856、ultimate a.最大的，最终的，最后的857、nightmare n.恶梦，恐怖的经历，可怕的事情858、illicit a.非法的，违规的859、link vt.联系，连接 n.纽带860、contemporary a.当代的，同时代的 n.同时代的人861、fake vt.伪造，造假 n.假货，赝品 a.伪造的，假的862、appropriate a.合适的，适当的863、purchase vt.购买864、download vt.下载865、reconcile v.和解，调和866、irreconcilable a.不可调和的867、moral a.道德的，道义的868、dilemma n.进退两难，难处869、expense n.花费，费用870、on-file a.存档的871、per perp.每，每一872、consumer n.消费者873、readily ad.容易地，乐意地874、semester n.学期875、emporium n.商场876、press vt.压，按 n.报界，新闻界877、hail vt.拥戴，招呼878、authorship n.作家身份879、perception n.洞察力，理解力，看法，观点880、perceptive a.洞察力强的，理解力强的881、twich vi.抽动，抽搐 n.抽动，抽搐882、intellectual a.智力的，理解的，有知识的 n.知识分子883、property n.财产，所有物，地产，房地产，属性，特性884、issue n.问题，议题 vt.颁发，发表885、incline vi.倾向去886、cynical a.愤世嫉俗的，玩世不恭的887、notion n.概念，观念，看法888、incidence n.发生率889、honesty n.诚实，正直，890、proof n.证据891、cheat-proof a.防止作弊的892、structure vt.构造，安排，组织 n.结构，构造893、transform vt.改变，改造894、handout n.印发的文稿，施舍物，救济物895、drama n.戏剧896、narrative a.叙述，叙述手法，故事，记叙文897、curb vt.控制，抑制 n.控制，抑制898、strategy n.对策，策略，计划，兵法，战略899、basically ad.基本地。
新视野大学英语第一册1
e.g. It’s frustrating to have all these great plans and no money for achieving them.
3. junior
a. of low(er) rank or younger age
2. How can people communicate through the Internet? 1) E-mail 2) Chat room 3) Discuss group
3. Can people chat directly in the chat room just as over telephone lines?
3) The main idea of part III (Para 8)
Learning English brings me benefits: the value of hard work, insights into other culture, new ways of seeing things, ability to bridge the gap between different cultures.
I. Warm-up Activities
1. “ Online learning”----- A form of distance education, refers to learning and other supportive resources that are available through a networked computer.
e.g. When the fire broke out, the students showed good discipline.
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1a:Learningaforeignlanguage Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficult yetmostrewardingexperiencesofmy life.Althoughattimeslearningalanguagewasrustrating,itwaswellworththeeffort.Myexperiencewithlearningaforeignlanguagebeganinjuniormiddleschool,whenItookmy firstEnglishclass.Ihadakindandpatientteacherwhooftenpraisedallofthestudents. Becauseofthispositivemethod,IeagerlyansweredallthequestionsIcould,neverworryingmuc haboutmakingmistakes.Iwasatthetopofmyclassfortwoyears.WhenIwenttoseniormiddleschool,IwaseagertocontinuestudyingEnglish;however,myexperien ceinseniormiddleschoolwasverydifferentfrombefore. Whilemyormerteacherhadbeenpatientwithallofthestudents,mynewteacherquicklypunishedt hosewhogaveincorrectanswers.Wheneverweansweredincorrectly,shepointedalongstickatusand,shakingitupanddown,s houted,"No!No!No!"Itdidn'ttakemelongtolosemyeagernesstoanswerquestions. NotonlydidIlosemyjoyinansweringquestions,butIalsolostmydesiretosayanythingatal linEnglish.However,thatstatedidn'tlastlong.WhenIwenttocollege,IlearnedthatallstudentswererequiredtotakeanEnglishcourse.Unl ikemyseniormiddleschoolteacher,mycollegeEnglishteacherswerepatientandkind,andno neofthemcarriedlong,pointedsticks!Thesituationwasfarfromperfect,though.Asourclasseswereverylarge,Iwasonlyabletoansweracoupleofquestionsineachclassperiod.Also,afterafewweeksofclasses,InoticedthereweremanystudentswhospokemuchbetterthanId id.Ibegantofeelintimidated.So,onceagain,althoughfordifferentreasons,Iwasafraidtospeak. ItseemedmyEnglishwasgoingtostayatthesamelevelforever.ThatwasthesituationuntilacoupleofyearslaterwhenIwasofferedanopportunitytostudyEngli shthroughanonlinecourse.Thecommunication mediumwasacomputer,aphoneline,andamodem. Isoongotaccesstothenecessaryequipment,learnedhowtousethetechnologyfromafriendandparticipatedinthevirtualclassroom to daysaweek.Onlinelearningisnoteasierthanregularclassroomstudy;itrequiresalotoftime,commitmentanddisciplinetokeepupwiththeflowofthecourse.Iworkedhardtomeettheminimumstandardssetbythecourseandtocompleteassignmentsontime.Ipracticedallthetime.IcarriedalittledictionarywithmeeverywhereIwent,aswellasanotebookinwhichIlisteda nynewwordsIheard.Imademany,sometimesembarrassing,mistakes.OnceinawhileIcriedoutoffrustration,andsometimesIfeltlikegivingup.ButIdidn'tfeelintimidatedbystudentswhospokefasterthanIdidbecauseItookallthetim eIneededtothinkoutmyideasandwroteareplybeforepostingitonthescreen.Then,onedayIrealizedIcouldunderstandjustabouteverythingIcameacross,andmostimportant ly,Icould"say"anythingIwantedtoinEnglish. AlthoughIwasstillmakingmanymistakesandwascontinuallylearningnewwaystosaythings,I hadfinallyreapedthebenefitsofallofmyhardwork.Learningaforeignlanguagehasbeenamosttryingexperienceforme,butonethatIwouldn'ttradef oranything.Notonlydidlearninganotherlanguageteachmethevalueofhardwork,butitalsogavemeinsightsi ntoanotherculture,andmymindwasopenedtonewwaysofseeingthings. ThemostwonderfulresultofhavinglearnedaforeignlanguagewasthatIcouldcommunicatewithma nymorepeoplethanbefore.Talkingwithpeopleisoneofmyfavoriteactivities,sobeingabletospeakanewlanguageletsm emeetnewpeople,participateinconversations,andformnew,unforgettablefriendships. NowthatIspeakaforeignlanguage,insteadofstaringintospacewhenEnglishisbeingspoken, Icanparticipateandmakefriends. Iamabletoreachouttoothersandbridgethegapbetweenmylanguageandcultureandtheirs.1b:KeystosuccessfulonlineleaeningWhileregularschoolsstillexist,thevirtualclassroomplaysanimportantroleintoday's learningcommunity. Jobopportunitiesforstudentsareexpandingrapidlyandmorepeopleofallagesarebecomingawar eofonlinelearningthatallowsthemtostudyathome.Onlinestudents,however,requireuniquequalitiestobesuccessful. Thefollowinglistdiscussessomeidealqualitiesofsuccessfulonlinestudents..Beopen-mindedaboutsharinglife,work,andlearningexperiencesaspartofonlinelearning.Manypeoplefindthattheonlinemethodrequiresthemtousetheirexperiencesandthatonlin elearningoffersthemaplacetocommunicatewitheachother.Thisforumforcommunicationremovesthevisualbarriersthathindersomestudentsfromexpressi ngthemselves.Inaddition,studentsaregiventimetoreflectontheinformationbeforereplying.Inthisway,studentscanhelptokeeptheonlineenvironmentopenandfriendly..Beabletocommunicatethroughwriting.Inthevirtualclassroomnearlyallcommunicationiswritten,soitiscriticalthatstudentsfeel comfortableexpressingthemselvesinwriting.Somestudentshavelimitedwritingabilities,whichneedtobeimprovedbeforeoraspartoft heonlineexperience.Thisusuallyrequiresextracommitmentbythesestudents. Whetherworkingaloneorinagroup,studentsshareideas,perspectivesanddiscussionsonth esubjectbeingstudied,andreadaboutthoseoftheirclassmates.Inthisway,studentsgaingreatinsightsfromtheirpeers,learningfromeachotheraswellas theinstructor..Bewillingto"speakup"ifproblemsarise.Rememberthatinstructorscannotseetheirstudentsinanonlinecourse. Thismeansstudentsmustbeabsolutelyexplicitwiththeircommentsandrequests. Iftheyexperiencetechnicaldifficulties,orproblemsinunderstandingsomethingaboutthec ourse,theyMUSTspeakup;otherwisethereisnowayanyonecanknowsomethingiswrong. Ifonepersondoesnotunderstandsomething,possiblyseveralothershavethesameproblem. Ifanotherstudentisabletohelp,heorsheprobablywill. Whileexplainingsomethingtoothers,studentsreinforcetheirownknowledgeaboutthesubject..Taketheprogramseriously.Onlinelearningisnoteasierthanstudyinregularclassrooms.Infact,manystudentssayitrequiresmuchmoretimeandeffort. Requirementsforonlinecoursesarenolessthanthoseofanyotherqualityprogram. Successfulonlinestudents,however,seeonlinelearningasaconvenientwaytoreceivetheiredu cation—notaneasierway. Manyonlinestudentssitatcomputersforhoursatatimeduringeveningsandonweekendsinorderto completetheirassignments. Whenotherpeoplearefinishedwiththeirworkandstudiesandhavingfun,you'llmostlikelyf indonlinestudentsdoingtheircoursework.Onlinestudentsneedtocommit to hoursaweektoeachcourse..Acceptcriticalthinkinganddecisionmakingaspartofonlinelearning. Onlinecoursesrequirestudentstomakedecisionsbasedonfactsaswellasexperience.Itisabsolutelynecessaryforstudentstoassimilateinformationandmaketherightdecisionsb asedoncriticalthinking.Inapositiveonlineenvironment,studentsfeelvaluedbytheinstructorandbytheirclassmate sandfeelgoodabouttheirownwork..Beabletothinkideasthroughbeforereplying.Providingmeaningfulandqualityinputintothevirtualclassroomisanessentialpartofonlinel earning.Timeisgiventoallowforcarefuldevelopmentofanswers. Testingandchallengingofideasisencouraged.Onlinestudentswillnotalwaysberight,sotheyneedtobepreparedtoacceptachallenge..Keepupwiththeprogressofthecourse.Onlinelearningisnormallysequentialandrequirescommitmentonthestudents'part. Keepingupwiththeclassandcompletingalltheworkontimeisvital. Oncestudentsgetbehind,itisalmostimpossibletocatchup. Studentsneedtowanttobethereandneedtowanttheexperience. Theinstructormayhavetocommunicatewithstudentspersonallytoofferhelpandremindthem oftheneedtokeepup.Justasmanyexcellentinstructorsmaynotbeeffectiveonlinefacilitators,notallstudentsh avethenecessaryqualitiestoperformwellonline. Peoplewhohavethequalitiesdiscussedaboveusuallymakeverysuccessfulonlinestudents. Ifyouhavethesequalities,learningonlinemaybeoneofthebestdiscoveriesyouwillevermake.2a：DeepconcernTheradioclickedon.Rockmusicblastedforth.Likeashot,themusicwokeSandy.Shelookedattheclock;itwas:A.M. Sandysangalongwiththewordsasshelaylisteningtoherfavoriteradiostation."Sandy,"shoutedherfather."Sandy,turnthatmusicoff!"SteveFinchburstintoherroom."Whydoyouhavetolistentosuchhorriblestuff?It'sthesamethingoverandover.I'mnotsureitisreallymusic,thoughitdoeshaverhythm.""Ilikethatmusic,Dad;it'smyfavorite.Listenforaminute;I'msureyou'lllikeit."Sandyreachedfortheradiototurnituplouder."No,no,don'tdothat.Ican'tstandit.TurnthatradiodownsoyourmotherandIcan'thearit.I'msurethatmusicishurtingyourearsaswellasyourbrain."Sandywalkedintothebathroomandturnedontheshower. Thenshegrabbedthesoapandwashedthoroughly,includingherhair.Afterhershower,Sandybrushedherhair,putonherold,greenT-shirtandsomejeans. Thensheputonhermakeupandwenttothekitchen.Asusual,shedidn'tknowwhattohaveforbreakfast,soshegrabbedaglassofmilkandateapieceo ftoastwhilestandingbythesink.Justthen,hermother,Jane,enteredthekitchen."Sandy,whydon'tyousitdownandeatyourbreakfast?Itisn'thealthytoeatstandingup.""Iknow,Mom,butIdon'thavetimetositdownandeat.""Didyoufinishyourhomework,dear?""Yes.""Didyoubrushyourteeth?""Mom,Ihaven'tfinishedeatingbreakfastyet.pI'llbrushmyteethwhenI'mdone.""Sandy,whyareyouwearingthatoldT-shirt?pIt'sdisgusting.""Mom,pleasestop.""Stopwhat,dear?""Stopbuggingme.""Sandy,areyouwearingeyeliner?""Yes,Mom,I'vebeenwearingeyelinerformonths.Isn'titpretty?""SandyFinch,you'retooyoungtowearthatmuchmakeup.""Mom,I'mfifteen.I'moldenoughtowearmakeup.Believeme,allthegirlsatschoolwearmakeup.Somehavetattoosandpiercedears,andnosesa ndtongues,too.Mom,Idon'thavetimetotalkaboutthisnow —I'mlate.I'vegottogo.Seeyoulater." Sandykissedhermotherquicklyonthecheek,pickedupherbooks,pandboltedoutofthehouse.AfterSandyhadleftforschool,JaneFinchsatdowninpeaceandquiettodrinkhercoffee.Soonherhusbandjoinedher."Wouldyoulikesomecoffee,Steve?"askedJane."No,thanks,honey.Mystomachfeelsupset—likeit'sfullofknots.It'sprobablythatawfulmusicthatwakesmeupeverymorning.Idon'tthinkI'mold-fashioned,buthearingthosetuneless,offensivelyricsrepeatedlymakesmybloodboil.""Youknow,honey,ifferentmusicappealstodifferentgenerations,"reasonedJane. "Remembersomeofthemusicwelistenedto?"ofsomeoftheknotsinmy Stevesmiled."You'reright.Maybeeatingbreakfastwillhelpmegetstomach.""Didyounoticehowmuchmakeupourfifteen-year-olddaughterwaswearingthismorning?Ican'tbelieveIdidn'tnotice. Isupposeweshouldfeelluckybecausemakeupisourbiggestproblemwithher.I'veseenotherteenagerswalkingaroundtownwithtattoosandpiercingsallovertheirbodies." "Whatworriesme,"saidSteve,"isthatmusiccouldhaveanegativeinfluence onSandy.Idon'tknowwhat'shappeningtoourlittlegirl.She'schangingandI'mconcernedabouther.Makeup,terriblemusic—whoknowswhatwillbenext?Weneedtohaveatalkwithher. Thenewsisfullofstoriesaboutteenagersintroublewhoseparentshardlyknowanythingabou ttheirproblems.""Oh,Idon'tthinkhermusicissoterrible.Butinanycase,you'reright.WeneedtohaveatalkwithSandy,"saidJane. AsJaneFinchdrovetowork,shethoughtaboutherSandy.Sheknewwhatshewantedtosay,whatshehadtosaytoSandy.Shewassogladthat sheandSandycouldstilltalkthingsover.Sheknewshehadtohave patience andkeepthelinesofcommunicationwithherdaughter open.Shewantedtobethereasan anchor forher,butatthesametimeshewouldgiveherfreedom tofindherown identity.2b:Isthereagenerationgap Theterm"generationgap"wascoinedinthes.Oneconceptofthegenerationgapisthatparentsandchildrenhavedifferentvaluesandbelief s.Asaresult,manyparentsfearthatpeeropinionswillbecomemorehighlyvaluedandthatthey inturnwillloseinfluence.Althoughthetermcontinuestobeusedoften,somepeoplearebeginningtoaskthequestion,"Is thereagenerationgapintoday'ssociety?"Onestudycomparedfourgenerations,aged-,-,-,and andover. Severalquestionswereaskedtotapintobasicbeliefsandvalues,suchas"Hardworkisthekeytog ettingahead"and"Americaistheverybestplaceintheworldtolivein". Acrossthegenerations,therewasgreatconsistencyintheresponses.Manystudiesonyouthalsorefutetheconceptofagenerationgap. Thesestudiesshowthatwhileyoungpeopletendtovaluetheirpeers'evaluationsoverparents' onthingslikemusic,clothingandwhat's"cool",theycontinuetolooktoparentsforbasicvalu esandguidanceinthemoreimportantareasoflife,suchascareerandlifetimegoals.Ofcourse,generaltrendscan'talwaysbeappliedtoindividualcases. Itisnaturaltofeellikethereisanuncomfortable"gap"betweenourteensandusandthatthere isaneedtobridgeit.Perhaps,though,theproblemdoesnotlieinadifferenceofopinionsorvalues,butinthewaywe relatetoandcommunicatewitheachother. Herearesometipsfromanarticleentitled"BridgingtheGenerationGap"thatmighthelp.Showrespect.Anattitudeofrespectandtrustcanbecontagious. Youngpeopletendtoseethemselvesthewaytheirparentsseethem.Inturn,theygainself-confidenceandrespectforthemselveswhenyoushowthatyourespecttheirabilitytomakedecis ionsandlearnfromtheirmistakes.Listenmorethanyoutalk.Questioningcansoundlikeinterrogation.Instead,adoptanattitudeofcuriosityratherthancontrol. Askquestionslike"Howso?""Whatdoyouthinknow?""Wereyousurprised?""Whatwillyoudo now?""What'syourplan?""Isthissomethingyouwanthelpwith?" Ifyourobjectisonlytolisten,youshouldbecarefulnottobepreparingyourresponsewhileyo urteenisstilltalking.You'llhearbetterthatway,andtheywillbeencouragedtotalkmore.Askwhetheryourchildwantstohearitbeforesharingyourpointofview. Onlygooniftheysay"yes".Thenbebrief.Don'tlecture,anddon'texpectthemtoagreewithyou.Ifyoustateyourcasewitha"Thisiswhatmakessensetome"attitudeasopposedto"Thisistheri ghtwaytoseethings",heorshecanlistenmoreopenlyinsteadofplanningrebellion.Think"we"insteadof"you"."Wehavechorestodobeforeweleavethehouse;howcanwetakecareofwhatneedstobedone?"Anywayyoucangetacrossthemessage"We'reinthistogether"canhelpbridgegapsthatconflictsm ightotherwisecreate.Keepcalm. Youcaneasilydestroyyourcredibilitybygettingangryortooexcitedduringaconversation.Insteadof"You'reruiningyourlife!",say"I'mconcernedaboutwhatmighthappenif...""W hatdoyouthinkyoumightdoinasituationlikethat?"Don'tapplydoublestandards.Teenagerspaycloseattentiontodoublestandards.Don'texpectthemtofollowrulesyoudon'tfollowyourself.Whetherit'saboutcheckinginbythephone,puttingthingsawayordrinkingoutofthemilkcarton, "DoasIsayandnotasIdo"willnotimprovetherelationship.Admityourownmistakesandtalkaboutwhatyouarelearningfromthem.Showingself-acceptanceandtoleranceforimperfectionisveryencouragingtoteenagers(aswellasotherpe oplearoundyou)andtendstomakeyoueasiertoapproachwithquestions,regretsandchallenges. Apologizewhenyouthinkyouhaddoneorsaidsomethingdifferently,likelosingyourcool orsayingsomethinghurtfulduringanargument.Enjoythem.Thehumor,energyandsenseofpossibilityteenagersoftenhavecanawakenparentstopositive sidesofthemselvestheyhadforgottenorneglected.Whenteensexperiencebeingliked,theyusuallyactmorelikeable.3a:AgoodhearttolearnonWhenIwasgrowingup,Iwasembarrassedtobeseenwithmyfather. Hewasseverelycrippledandveryshort,andwhenwewalkedtogether,hishandonmyarmforbala nce,peoplewouldstare.Iwouldinwardlystruggleattheunwantedattention.Ifheevernoticedorwasbothered,heneverleton.Itwasdifficulttocoordinateoursteps—hishalting,mineimpatient—andbecauseofthat,wedidn'tsaymuchaswewentalong.Butaswestartedout,healwayssaid,"Yousetthepace.Iwilltrytoadjusttoyou."Ourusualwalkwastoorfromthesubwayonwhichhetraveledtowork.Hewenttoworksick,anddespitenastyweather.Healmostnevermissedaday,andwouldmakeittotheofficeevenifotherscouldnot. Itwasamatterofpride.Whensnoworicewasontheground,itwasimpossibleforhimtowalk,evenwithhelp.AtsuchtimesmysistersorIwouldpullhimthroughthestreetsofBrooklyn,N.Y.,onachild's wagonwithsteelrunnerstothesubwayentrance.Oncethere,hewouldclingtothehandrailuntilhereachedthelowerstepsthatthewarmertunne lairkeptfreeofice. InManhattanthesubwaystationwasinthebasementofhisofficebuilding,andhewouldnothavetog ooutsideagainuntilwemethiminBrooklynonhiswayhome.WhenIthinkofitnow,Iamamazedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenforagrownmantosubjecth imselftosuchshameandstress.Andathowhedidit—withoutbitternessorcomplaint. Henevertalkedabouthimselfasanobjectofpity,nordidheshowanyenvyofthemorefortunateor able.Whathelookedforinotherswasa"goodheart",andifhefoundone,theownerwasgoodenoughforhi m.NowthatIamolder,Ibelievethatisaproperstandardbywhichtojudgepeople,eventhoughIstilldon'tknowpreciselywhata"goodheart"is.ButIknowattimesIdon'thaveonemyself.Unabletoengageinmanyactivities,myfatherstilltriedtoparticipateinsomeway. Whenalocalbaseballteamfounditselfwithoutamanager,hekeptitgoing. HewasaknowledgeablebaseballfanandoftentookmetoEbbetsFieldtoseetheBrooklynDodgerspl ay.Helikedtogotodancesandparties,wherehecouldhaveagoodtimejustsittingandwatching. Ononeoccasionafightbrokeoutatabeachparty,witheveryonepunchingandshoving.Hewasn'tcontenttositandwatch,buthecouldn'tstandunaidedonthesoftsand. Infrustrationhebegantoshout,"I'llfightanyonewhowillsitdownwithme!I'llfightanyonewh owillsitdownwithme!"Nobodydid. Butthenextdaypeoplekiddedhimbysayingitwasthefirsttimeanyfighterwasurgedtotakead ivebeforethefightbegan.Inowknowheparticipatedinsomethingsthroughme,hisonlyson.WhenIplayedball(poorly),he"played"too.WhenIjoinedtheNavy,he"joined"too. AndwhenIcamehomeonleave,hesawtoitthatIvisitedhisoffice.Introducingme,hewasreallysaying,"Thisismyson,butitisalsome,andIcouldhavedonethis, too,ifthingshadbeendifferent."Thosewordswereneversaidaloud.Hehasbeengonemanyyearsnow,butIthinkofhimoften. Iwonderifhesensedmyreluctancetobeseenwithhimduringourwalks.Ifhedid,IamsorryInevertoldhimhowsorryIwas,howunworthyIwas,howIregrettedit. IthinkofhimwhenIcomplainabouttrifles,whenIamenviousofanother'sgoodfortune,whenIdon'thavea"goodheart".AtsuchtimesIputmyhandonhisarmtoregainmybalance,andsay,"Yousetthepace.Iwilltrytoad justtoyou."3b:Therightsontherighttime ThestorybeganonadowntownBrooklynstreetcorner. Anelderlymanhadcollapsedwhilecrossingthestreet,andanambulancerushedhimtoKingsC ountyHospital.There,whenhecametonowandagain,themanrepeatedlycalledforhisson.Fromawornletterlocatedinhispocket,anemergencyroomnurselearnedthathissonwasa marinestationedinNorthCarolina.Apparentlytherewerenootherrelatives.SomeoneatthehospitalcalledtheRedCrossofficeinBrooklyn,andarequestfortheboytorusht oBrooklynwassenttotheRedCrossdirectoroftheNorthCarolinaMarineCorpscamp.Becausetim ewasshort—thepatientwasdying—theRedCrossmanandanofficersetoutinanarmyvehicle. Theyfoundtheyoungmanwalkingthroughsomemarshesinamilitaryexercise. Hewasrushedtotheairportintimetocatchthesoleplanethatmightenablehimtoreachhisdyingfa ther.ItwasduskwhentheyoungmarinewalkedintotheentrancelobbyofKingsCountyHospital. Anursetookthetired,anxiousservicemantothebedside."Yoursonishere,"shesaidtotheoldman. Shehadtorepeatthewordsseveraltimesbeforethepatient'seyesopened. Themedicinehehadbeengivenforthepainfromhis heartattackmadehiseyes weakandhe couldonlyseetheshadowoftheyoungmaninMarineCorpsuniformstandingoutsidetheoxygenten t.Heextendedhishand.Themarinewrappedhisstrongfingersaroundtheoldman'slimpones,squeezi ngamessageofloveandencouragement.Thenursebroughtachair,sothemarinecouldsitbythebed.Nightsarelonginhospitals,butallthroughthenighttheyoungmarinesatthereinthediml ylitward,holdingtheoldman'shandandofferingwordsofhopeandstrength.Occasionally,thenurseurgedthemarinetorestforawhile.Herefused.Wheneverthenursecameintotheward,themarinewasthere,buthepaidnoattentiontoherandtheni ghtnoisesofthehospital—thebangingofanoxygentank,thelaughterofthenightstaffexchanginggreetings,thecriesandm oansandbreathingofotherpatients.Nowandthensheheardhimsayafewgentlewords.Thedyingmansaidnothing,onlyheldtightlytohissonthroughmostofthenight.Itwasnearlydawnwhenthepatientdied. Themarineplacedthelifelesshandhehadbeenholdingonthebed,andwenttoinformthenurse. Whileshedidwhatshehadtodo,hesmokedacigarette,hisfirstsincehegottothehospital.Finally,shereturnedtothenurse'sstation,wherehewaswaiting. Shestartedtoofferwordsofsympathy,butthemarineinterruptedher. "Whowasthatman?"heasked."Hewasyourfather,"sheanswered,startled."No,hewasn't,"themarinereplied."Ineversawhimbeforeinmylife.""Whydidn'tyousaysomethingwhenItookyoutohim?"thenurseasked."Iknewimmediatelythere'dbeenamistake,butIalsoknewheneededhisson,andhissonjustwasn'there.WhenIrealizedhewastoosicktotellwhetherornotIwashisson,Iguessedhereallyneededme. SoIstayed."Withthat,themarineturnedandexitedthehospital. TwodayslateramessagecameinfromtheNorthCarolinaMarineCorpsbaseinformingtheBrooklynRe dCrossthattherealsonwasonhiswaytoBrooklynforhisfather'sfuneral. Itturnedouttherehadbeentwomarineswiththesamenameandsimilarnumbersinthecamp. Someoneinthepersonnelofficehadpulledoutthewrongrecord.Butthewrongmarinehadbecometherightsonattherighttime.Andheproved,inaveryhumanway,thattherearepeoplewhocarewhathappenstotheirfellowmen.4a:Howtomakeagoodimpression Researchshowswemakeupourmindsaboutpeoplethroughunspokencommunicationwithinsevensec ondsofmeetingthem.Consciouslyorunconsciously,weshowourtruefeelingswithoureyes,faces,bodiesandattitud es,causingachainofreactions,rangingfromcomforttofear. Thinkaboutsomeofyourmostunforgettablemeetings:anintroductiontoyourfuturespouse,ajobinterview,anencounterwithastranger.Focusonthefirstsevenseconds.Whatdidyoufeelandthink? Howdidyou"read"theotherperson?Howdoyouthinkhereadyou?Youarethemessage.For yearsI'veworkedwiththousandswhowanttobesuccessful.I'vehelpedthemmakepersuasivepresentations,answerunfriendlyquestions,communicatemo reeffectively.Thesecrethasalwaysbeenyouarethemessage.Otherswillwanttobewithyouandhelpyouifyouuseyourgoodqualities.Theyinclude:physicalappearance,energy,rateofspeech,pitchandtoneofvoice,gestures,exp ressionthroughtheeyes,andtheabilitytoholdtheinterestofothers. Othersformanimpressionaboutyoubasedonthese.Thinkoftimeswhenyouknowyoumadeagoodimpression.Whatmadeyousuccessful? Youwerecommittedtowhatyouweretalkingaboutandsoabsorbedinthemomentyoulostallself-consciousness.Beyourself.Manyhow-tobooksadviseyoutostrideintoaroomandimpressotherswithyourqualities. Theyinstructyoutogreetthemwith"powerhandshakes"andtellyoutofixyoureyesontheotherp erson.Ifyoufollowallthisadvice,you'lldriveeveryonecrazy —includingyourself.Thetrickistobeconsistentlyyou,atyourbest. Themosteffectivepeopleneverchangefromonesituationtoanother.They'rethesamewhetherthey'rehavingaconversation,addressingtheirgardencluborbeingint erviewedforajob.Theycommunicatewiththeirwholebeing;thetonesoftheirvoicesandtheirgesturesmatchthe irwords.Publicspeakers,however,oftensendmixedmessages. Myfavoriteisthekindwhosay,"Ladiesandgentlemen,I'mveryhappytobehere"—while lookingattheirshoes.Theydon'tlookhappy.Theylookangry,frightenedordepressed.Theaudiencealwaysbelievewhattheyseeoverwhattheyhear.Theythink,"He'stellingmehe'shappy,buthe'snot.He'snotbeinghonest."Useyoureyes.Whetheryou'retalkingtoonepersonoronehundred,alwaysremembertolookatthem. Somepeoplestarttosaysomethingwhilelookingrightatyou,butthreewordsintothesentence ,theybreakeyecontactandlookoutthewindow.Asyouenteraroom,moveyoureyescomfortably;thenlookstraightatthoseintheroomandsmile.Smilingisimportant.Itshowsyouarerelaxed. Somethinkenteringaroomfullofpeopleislikegoingintoalion'scage.Idisagree.IfIdidagree,Icertainlywouldn'tlookatmyfeetorattheceiling.I'dkeepmyeyesonthelion!Lightenup.Onceinastaffmeeting,oneofthemostpowerfulchairmenintheentertainmentindustrybecame veryangryovertinyproblems,scoldedeachworkerandenjoyedmakingthemfearhim.Whenhegot tome,heshouted,"Andyou,Ailes,whatareyoudoing?"Isaid,"Doyoumeannow,thiseveningorfortherestofmylife?"Therewasamomentofsilence. Thenthechairmanthrewbackhisheadandroaredwithlaughter.Otherslaughedtoo.Humorbrokethestressofaveryuncomfortablescene.IfIhadtogiveadviceintwowords,itwouldbe"lightenup"! Youcanalwaysseepeoplewhotakethemselvestooseriously. Usuallytheyareeitherbroodingortalkingagreatdealaboutthemselves.Takeagoodhardlookatyourself.Doyousay"I"toooften? Areyouusuallyfocusedonyourownproblems?Doyoucomplainfrequently?Ifyouansweredyestoevenoneofthesequestions,youneedtolightenup. Tomakeotherscomfortable,youhavetoappearcomfortableyourself.Don'tmakeanyhugechanges;justbeyourself. Youalreadyhavewithinyouthepowertomakeagoodimpression,becausenobodycanbeyouaswellas youcan.4B:Bobylanguage"IlikedhimtheminuteIsawhim!""Beforesheevensaidaword,Iknewtherewassomethingfunnyabouther." Suchstatementsareexamplesof"snapjudgments",opinionswhichareformedsuddenly,seemingly withoutusinganysoundreasonatall. Mostpeoplesaysnapjudgmentsareunsoundorevendangerous. Theyalsoadmittheyoftenmakesnapjudgmentsandfindthemtobefairlysound.Snapjudgmentslike"loveatfirstsight"or"instanthate",iftakenseriously,haveusuallybeen consideredsignsofimmaturityorlackofcommonsense. Whensomeone"hasafeeling"aboutsomeoneelse,peoplemoreoftenlaughthanpayattention. Mostpeoplethinkyoufindoutaboutapersonbylisteningtowhathesaysoveraperiodoftime.Otherssay"actionsspeaklouderthanwords",usuallyinrelationtokeepingpromises,payingb illsorsendingmoneyhome.Becausepeopleassume"youarewhatyousayyouare",theytalkalottobecomeacquaintedwitheac hother.Oncetwopeoplehavebecomeacquainted,theythinkitwastheirconversationthatgavethemtheiri nformationabouteachother.Asbehavioralsciencesdevelop,however,researchersfindtheimportanceofspeechhasbeenover estimated.Althoughspeechisthemostobviousformofcommunication,wedouseotherformsofwhichwemay beonlypartiallyawareor,insomecases,completelyunaware. Itispossibleweareunconsciouslysendingmessageswitheveryaction,messagesthatareunconsc iouslypickedupbyothersandusedinformingopinions. Theseunconsciousactionsandreactionstothemmayinpartaccountforour"feelings"and"snap judgments".Wecommunicateagreatdeal,researchershavefound,withourbodies—bythewaywemove,sit,standandwhatwedowithourhandsandheads. Imagineafewpeoplesittinginawaitingroom:oneistappinghisfingersonhisbriefcase,anot herkeepsrubbinghishandstogether,anotherisbitinghisfingernails,stillanothergrabst hearmsofhischairtightlyandonekeepsrunninghisfingersthroughhishair. Thesepeoplearen'ttalkingbutthey're"saying"alotifyouknowthe"bodylanguage"they'reusin g.Twoofthemost"telling"formsofbehavioraredrivingacarandplayinggames.Noticeaperson'sreactiontostressinthesesituationsandtoaggressivebehaviorinothers. Thosewhoeasilybecomeangry,excited,passiveorresentfulwhendrivingorplayingmaybegiving insightsintotheinsideself.Whileclothingservesapurelypracticalfunction,howyoudressalsocommunicatesmanythin gsaboutyoursocialstatus,stateofmindandevenyouraspirationsanddreams.Aneleven-year-oldgirlwhodresseslikeacollegestudentandaforty-year-oldwomanwhodresseslikeateenageraresayingsomethingthroughwhattheywear. Whatyoucommunicatethroughyourkindofdressdefinitelyinfluencesotherstoacceptthepictur eofyourselfyouareprojecting:Inthebusinessworld,thepersonwhodresseslikeasuccessfulma nagerismostlikelytobepromotedintoamanagingposition.。