2020届高三英语水平测试(华南师范大学附属中学、广东省实验中学、广雅中学、深圳中学四校联考)
体育英语词汇：General Terms
manager 经纪人
instructor 教练,技术指导
guide 领队
trainer 助理教练
professional 职业运动员
amateur 业余运动员,爱好者
enthusiast, fan 迷,爱好者
favourite 可望取胜者 (美作:favorite)
outsider 无取胜希望者
championship 冠军赛,锦标赛
champion 冠军
record 纪录
record holder 纪录创造者
ace 网球赛中的一分
Winter Olympics 冬季奥林匹克运动会
Universiade 世界大学生运动会
stadium 运动场
track 跑道
ring 圈
ground, field 场地
pitch (足球、橄榄球)场地
court 网球场
team, side 队
referee, umpire (网球.棒球)裁判
linesman,touch judge (橄榄球)裁判
contestant,competitor,player 运动员
Olympic Games, Olympics 奥林匹克运动会
体育英语词汇：竞技
Words of Sports: Athletics 竞技
race 跑
middle-distance race 中长跑
long-distance runner 长跑运动员
sprint 短跑 (美作:dash)
the 400 metre hurdles 400米栏
marathon 马拉松
decathlon 十项
cross-country race 越野跑
jump 跳跃
jumping 跳跃运动
high jump 跳高
long jump 跳远 (美作:broad jump) triple jump,hop step and jump 三级跳
pole vault 撑竿跳
throw 投掷
throwing 投掷运动
putting the shot,shot put 推铅球
throwing the discus 掷铁饼
throwing the hammer 掷链锤
throwing the javelin 掷标枪
walk 竞走
体育英语词汇：体育项目
Words of Sports
Individual Sports 体育项目
gymnastics 体操
gymnastic apparatus 体操器械horizontal bar 单杠
parallel bars 双杠
rings 吊环
trapeze 秋千
wall bars 肋木
side horse, pommelled horse 鞍马weight-lifting 举重
weights 重量级
boxing 拳击
Greece-Roman wrestling 古典式摔跤hold, lock 揪钮
judo 柔道
fencing 击剑
winter sports 冬季运动
skiing 滑雪
ski 滑雪板
downhill race 速降滑雪赛,滑降slalom 障碍滑雪
ski jumping competition 跳高滑雪比赛ski jump 跳高滑雪
ice skating 滑冰
figure skating 花样滑冰
roller skating 滑旱冰bobsleigh, bobsled 雪橇
体育英语词汇：球类运动
作者：英语更新：2020-5-20
Words of Sports
Games and Competitions 球类运动
football 足球
rugby 橄榄球
basketball 篮球
volleyball 排球
tennis 网球
baseball 垒球
handball 手球
hockey 曲棍球
golf 高尔夫球
cricket 板球
ice hockey 冰球
goalkeeper 球门员
centre kick 中线发球
goal kick 球门发球
throw in, line-out 边线发球
to score a goal 射门得分
to convert a try 对方球门线后触地得分batsman 板球运动员
batter 击球运动员
men's singles 单打运动员
in the mixed doubles 混合双打
体育英语词汇：水上运动
作者：英语更新：2020-5-20
Words of Sports: Water Sports 水上运动
swimming pool 游泳池
swimming 游泳
medley relay 混合泳
crawl 爬泳
breaststroke 蛙式
backstroke 仰式
freestyle 自由式
butterfly (stroke) 蝶泳
diving competition 跳水
water polo 水球
water skiing 水橇
rowing 划船
canoe 划艇
boat race 赛艇
yacht 游艇
kayak 皮船
sailing 帆船运动outboard boat 船外马达
体育英语-网球
作者：英语更新：2020-5-20
Words of Sports: Tennis 网球
tennis 网球运动
lawn tennis 草地网球运动grass court 草地网球场racket 球拍
racket press 球拍夹
gut, string （球拍的）弦line ball 触线球
baseline ball 底线球
sideline ball 边线球
straight ball 直线球
down-the-line shot 边线直线球crosscourt 斜线球
high ball,lob 高球
low ball 低球
long shot 长球
short shot 短球
cut 削球
smash 抽球
jump smash 跃起抽球
spin 旋转球
low drive 抽低球
volley 截击空中球
low volley 低截球
deep ball 深球
heavy ball 重球
net 落网球
flat stroke 平击球
flat drive 平抽球
let 重发球
fluke,set-up,easy 机会球
ground stroke 击触地球
wide 打出边线的球
overhead smash,overhand smash 高球扣杀game 局
set 盘
fifteen all 一平
thirty all 二平
forty all 三平
deuce 局末平分, 盘末平局
love game 一方得零分的一局
double fault 双误, 两次发球失误
‘not up’两跳，还击前球着地两次service line 发球线
fore court 前场
back court 后场
centre mark 中点
server 发球员
receiver 接球员
体育英语词汇：足球
作者：英语更新：2020-5-20
Words of Sports: Football 足球
football, soccer, Association football 足球field, pitch 足球场
midfied 中场
kick-off circle 中圈
half-way line 中线
football, eleven 足球队
football player 足球运动员
goalkeeper, goaltender, goalie 守门员
back 后卫
left 左后卫
right back 右后卫
centre half back 中卫
half back 前卫
left half back 左前卫
right half back 右前卫
forward 前锋
centre forward,centre 中锋
inside left forward, inside left 左内锋inside right forward, inside right 右内锋outside left forward, outside left 左边锋outside right forward, outside right 右边锋kick-off 开球
bicycle kick, overhead kick 倒钩球
chest-high ball 平胸球
corner ball, corner 角球
goal kick 球门球
ground ball, grounder 地面球
hand ball 手触球
header 头球
penalty kick 点球
spot kick 罚点球
free kick 罚任意球
throw-in 掷界外球
ball handling 控制球
block tackle 正面抢截
body check 身体阻挡
bullt 球门前混战
fair charge 合理冲撞
chesting 胸部挡球
close-marking defence 钉人防守
close pass, short pass 短传consecutive passes 连续传球
deceptive movement 假动作
diving header 鱼跃顶球
flying headar 跳起顶球
dribbling 盘球
finger-tip save （守门员）托救球clean catching （守门员）跳球抓好flank pass 边线传球
high lobbing pass 高吊传球
scissor pass 交叉传球
volley pass 凌空传球
triangular pass 三角传球
rolling pass,ground pass 滚地传球
slide tackle 铲球
clearance kick 解除危险的球
to shoot 射门
grazing shot 贴地射门
close-range shot 近射
long drive 远射
mishit 未射中
offside 越位
to pass the ball 传球
to take a pass 接球
spot pass 球传到位
to trap 脚底停球
to intercept 截球
to break through, to beat 带球过人
to break loose 摆脱
to control the midfield 控制中场
to disorganize the defence 破坏防守
to fall back 退回
to set a wall 筑人墙
to set the pace 掌握进攻节奏
to ward off an assault 击退一次攻势
to break up an attack 破坏一次攻势
ball playing skill 控球技术
total football 全攻全守足球战术open football 拉开的足球战术
off-side trap 越位战术
wing play 边锋战术
shoot-on-sight tactics 积极的抢射战术time wasting tactics 拖延战术
Brazilian formation 巴西阵式， 4-2-4 阵式four backs system 四后卫制
four-three-three formation 4-3-3 阵式four-two-four formation 4-2-4 阵式
red card 红牌（表示判罚出场）yellow card 黄牌（表示警告）
体育英语-NBA英语术语
作者：英语更新：2020-5-20
Air ball:“三不沾”，投出的球什么都没碰到。
Alley-oop:“空中接力”。一个运动员把球抛向空中，另一个队员在空中
接住球把球扣入篮筐。
Arena:比赛场；竞技场。比如Seattle的主场名叫Key Arena。
Assist:助攻(缩写：Ast.)。
Backboard:篮板。注意不是basketboard。
Backcourt:后场。一支球队本方的半场为后场，即这支球队所要防守的那
半场。
Backdoor paly:篮球基本战术之一。当一个队员在罚球弧周围接到球时，
另一个动员立刻从弱侧切入篮下，接队友的传球投篮得分。
Baseline:底线。球场两端的边界线。
Basket:篮筐。也作ring，还有一种通俗的说法是hoop。
Bench:替补队员。
Block shot:盖帽(缩写：Blk.)。
Boo:嘘声(n)；发出嘘声(v)。球迷发泄不满的一种方法。
Bounce pass:击地传球。
Box out:抢篮板球挡人，即抢篮板球时站在对手和篮之间，用身体挡住防守队员的动
作。
Brick:(v)球打在篮筐或篮板上被崩出来。许多公牛队的球迷在客队罚球时
都手执一块上写"Brick"的牌子在罚球队员的眼前不停的晃动，扰乱他的视
线，以达到干扰罚球的目的。
Buzzer beater:比赛结束前的最后一投。buzzer是比赛用的蜂鸣器。
Captian:队长。队长是场上惟一有资格与裁判讨论规则和判罚的人。
Coach:教练。比如Head coach是主教练，Assistant coach是助理教练。
Coast-to-coast:从球场的一端到另一端(n)。例如：coast-to-coast pass。Conference:联盟。NBA分东、西两个联盟(Eastern Conference和Western
Conference)，每个联盟都有自己的logo。
Commissioner:总裁。NBA的现任总裁是David Stern。
Court:球场；赛场。home court主场。
Crossover:交叉运球过人。是Tim Hardaway的商标动作。
Cut:切入。
Debut:首次上场。
Defense:防守。当客队进攻时，我们经常能听到主场的球迷在体育馆音效师的带领下高
喊"Defense! Defense!"。
Deny the ball:绕前防守。
Disqualification:被罚下场(缩写：DQ.)。
Division:赛区。NBA共有四个赛区，每个联盟下属两个赛区。
Double-double:两双，即两项技术统计指标达两位数。
Double-team:双人夹击。
Double dribble:两次运球。
Downtown:三分线以外。
Draft:选秀，即NBA每年一度的纳新大会。
Dribble:运球(vt,n)。
Duo:原义是二重唱，在篮球中专指双人组合。
Fadeaway shot:后仰投篮。也作fadeaway jumper。
Fake:假动作(n)；做假动作(v)。
Fast break:快攻；快速突破。
Finals:总决赛。Semifinals半决赛。
Field goal:投篮(总称)，包括两分球的投篮也包括三分球的投篮(缩写：FG.)。Finger roll:低手上篮时手指拨球的动作。
Flagrant foul:没有必要或动作过大的犯规。
Foul:犯规。个人犯规是personal foul；全队的累计犯规叫team foul。
Foul trouble:(n)一个队员由于受到犯规次数的约束而带来的麻烦，比如说这个队员的
法规次数已接近6次，再犯一次或两次规就将被罚下场。
Free agent:自由人。合同的期满的运动员和新人都是自由人，自由人的去留不受球队
约束。
Free throw:罚球(缩写：FT.)。
Frontcourt:前场。对手的半场为前场，即本方队员攻击的那半场。
Give-and-go:基本战术配合之一，进攻队员将球传给另队友--give，然后向篮下切入，
再接队友的回传球上篮(或扣篮)得分--go。也就是我们常说的“
传切配合”。
Gunner:经常投篮的投手。
Hand-checking:a:一种防守技术，即用手接触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置。
也作hand-check。b:防守犯规的一种。防守队员用手阻挡进攻队员的走位
不能张开双臂阻挡防守队员的移动，合法的hand-checking技术只允许用手接
触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置，但手部不允许加力，也不允许阻碍对手的
视线。
Hang time:滞空时间，即运动员投篮时在空中停留的时间。
High post:罚球弧的周围。
Hook shot:钩手投篮，有时也直接用"hook"表示。
Illegal defense:非法防守。联防防守即为非法防守。
Injury list:伤员名单。如果某个队员受伤不能参加比赛，根据NBA的规定必须要将其
列入伤员名单(伤员名单是公开的)，以示对球迷的负责。
Jam:扣篮。one-handed jam单手扣篮；two-handed jam双手扣篮。著名歌星Michael Jackson和Michael Jordan合作拍过一部MTV，名字就叫"Jam"。
Jersey:运动员的背心，也作uniform。有些为球队做出过巨大贡献的运动员退役时他的
jersey也跟随他一起退役，他的jersey被高悬在球队主场的天花
板上，这意味着以后其他运动员不能再使用这件jersey上的号码了。
Jump ball:跳球；争球。
Jump shot:跳投。也作jumper。
Lane:罚球区，也作free throw lane。篮球刚发明的时侯罚球区是细长的，其宽度比罚
球弧的直径还要短，形状就象把钥匙，所以也称之为the key。
Layup:上篮。
Ligament:韧带。cruciate ligament，十字韧带，膝关节中的韧带，是运动员最容易受
伤的部位，分anterior cruciate ligament和posterior cruciate
ligament。
Locker room:更衣室。
Lottery:确定选秀顺序的过程。以前是通过掷硬币决定，因其不确定性所以称之为"lottery"。
Low post:三秒区内，篮筐两侧，靠近底线的那部分。
Matchup:攻防上各个位置的对应关系(n)。
Meniscus:半月板。膝关节中的一块软骨，也是运动员容易受伤的地方之一，我们经常
会听到某个运动员因为半月板撕裂而上了伤员名单，几个月不能打球。
Move:移动。这个词在NBA里出现的频率特别高，比如，一个漂亮的移动我们说"Great move!"；后转身的摆脱我们称之为"Spin move"。
MVP:Most Valuable Player，最有价值的运动员。
Net:篮网。检验球是否入筐的标志，原Utah的David Benoit在扣篮时，球砸在自己的头
上从篮筐中弹出，而且整个过程中球又没有触及篮网，结果进球
被判无效。
No-charge area:进攻有理区。根据去年的新规则在两个篮下各画定一以篮筐的中心为
圆心，以4英尺为半径的半圆(虚线)，此区域被称作进攻有理区，在
进攻有理区里只有带球撞人而没有阻挡犯规(注：O'Neal修正案除外)。Offense:进攻。形容词形式是offensive(缩写：off.)，可以修饰其它名词，例如offensive rebound就是前场篮板球(进攻篮板球)。
Outlet pass:抢到篮球板后的第一传，一般都是隔场的长传。
Overtime:加时赛，时间为5分钟。
Palming:我们常说的“翻腕”，运球违例动作，也作Carrying the ball。
Pass:传球。
Personal foul:个人犯规。
Pick-and-roll:挡拆战术。篮球中的基本进攻战术之一，进攻队员给持球的队友作掩护
英语叫"set a pick"，然后掩护队员向篮下移动叫"roll"，再接
队友的传球，在无人防守的情况下投篮。Pick n' Roll是Malone和Stockton的看家本
领。以pick为基础衍生出的战术还有pick-and-fade、pick-and-split
等。
Pick:掩护。
Pivot:a:以一只脚为中枢脚转动身体改变方向的动作(n)。b:篮下，通常由中锋控制的
区域。
Playoff:复赛；季后赛，即常规赛结束后各联盟的前八名的淘汰赛。
Point guard:组织后卫，也作控球后卫。
Position:位置。NBA中运动员被分为三个位置--前锋、中锋、后卫。
Power forward:大前锋，我国常称之为“二中锋”。二者略有不同，“二中锋”是基中锋的位置，来源于“双中锋”战术，这是我们从苏联老大哥那
里学来的；大前锋还是前锋，他们是队里的篮板能手和防守中坚。
Press:紧逼(防守)。full-court press，全场紧逼；half-court press，半场紧逼。Pump fake:投篮的假动作。
Quadruple-double:四双。即四项技术统计指标超过两位数。
Quarter:节。一场NBA比赛分四节，每节12分钟。前两节称first-half，后两节称
second-half。
Rebound:篮板球(缩写：Reb.)。
Refree:裁判。
Rejection:盖帽。
Reverse:反身的(a)。比如从底线切入后的反身扣篮是reverse dunk。
Rookie:新人，即第一年在NBA打球的运动员。
Run:连续得分。比赛中屏幕上会经常打出某支球队12-0 run in last 4 minutes，就是
说这支球队在刚刚过去的4分钟内连得了12分，打了个12比0的小高潮。
Salary Cap:工资上限。
Score:得分。Scorer得分手。
Screen:掩护，同pick。
Season:赛季。
Shot clock:24秒计时器。
Sideline:边线。
Sixth man:第六人，即第一个替补上场的队员。
Slam dunk:重扣，特指双手持球高高跳起的使出吃奶力气的重扣:)，也可以是单手的重
扣，这里slam表示砰的一声，强调扣篮时发出的声音。也作Dunk。
Squad:五人组，篮球队的非正式说法。
Starting-lineup:开场阵容。
Steal:断球；抢断球(缩写：Stl.)。
Strong side:强侧。有球的一侧为强侧。(关于强侧与弱侧的具体定义请见《联
防FAQ》)
Substitutes:替补队员。
Suspend:暂时中止运动员上场比赛；禁赛。
Switch:换(防)。
Team:夹击。(注：不一定是双人夹击，可以是多人夹击)
Technical foul:技术犯规。
Three-point shot:三分投篮。
Three-pointer:三分球。
Three-second violation:三秒违例。
Tie:平局；打平。
Timeout:暂停。NBA中有20秒的短暂停(20-second timeout)和100秒的长暂停(regular timeout)。
Tip-in:补篮。
Transition:由攻转守的过程。
Traveling:走步违例，也作Walking。
Triple-double:三双，即三项技术统计指标超两位数。
Turnover:失误，(缩写：To.)。NBA中专门有一项数据统计叫assist/turnover，是用这
个队员助攻数比上他的失误数，这项统计能准确的反映一个组织后卫
是否称职。
Uniform:制服。篮球运动员的制服当然是背心和短裤了，uniform有时也特指背心。Veteran:老运动员。NBA非常重视veteran，各球队都把自己的veteran视作一笔财富，
veteran这个词在NBA出现的几率是非常高的。
Weak side:弱侧。无球的一侧为弱侧。(关于强侧与弱侧的具体定义请见《联防FAQ》) Wide open:开阔(n)，无人防守。大多数情况下战术配合的目的就是给队友制造wide open，以便从容出手。
Zone:联防；区域防守。也作Zone defense。
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