2018年3月公共英语二级pets2试题及答案解析(完整版)
2018年全国卷2(英语)含答案
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(全国Ⅱ卷)第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
【C】1. What does John find difficult in learning German?A. Pronunciation.B. V ocabulary.C. Grammar.【A】2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.【B】3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.【A】4. What are the speakers talking about?A. A restaurant.B. A street.C. A dish.【C】5. What does the woman think of her interview?A. It was tough.B. It was interesting.C. It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
2018年考研英语二试题与答案解析
2018年考研英语二试题与答案解析完整版) )年考研英语二试题与答案解析((完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections：：DirectionsRead the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another tw enty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the r oom, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clic ked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with othe r stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs ofdisgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicag o. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific a dvances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight th at curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy c uriosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,participants wh o were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results sugg est that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about l ong-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity. "Hsee says.In other words,don't read online comments.1. A.resolve B.protect C.discuss D.ignore2.A.refuse B.wait C.seek D.regret3.A.rise st C.mislead D.hurt4.A.alert B.tie C.expose D.treat5.A.message B.trial C.review D.concept6.A.remove B.weaken C.deliver D.interrupt7. A.Unless B.If C.Though D.When8. A.happen B.continue C.disappear D.change9. A.rather than B.such as C.regardless of D.owing to10. A.disagree B. forgive C.forget D.discover11. A.pay B.marriage C.food D.schooling12.A.begin with B.rest on C.learn from D.lead to13.A. withdrawal B. inquiry C .persistence D.diligence14.A.self-destiuctive B.self-reliant C. self-evident D.self-deceptive15.A.resist B.define C.replace D.trace16.A.predict B.overlook C.design D.conceal17. A.remember B.choose C.promise D.pretend18. A.relief B.plan C.outcome D.duty19.A. whether B.why C.where D.how20. A.limitations B.investments C.strategies D.consequences Section Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points））pointsText 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books andtests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?As Koziatek knows,there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he he’’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family ofs for kids who can’’vocational education “have that stereotype..that ithave that stereotype..that it’’s for kids who can t make it academically,””he says.t make it academically,On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,and rigitfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor’’s degrees for all -and the subtle But the headlong push into bachelordevaluing of anything less-misses an important point:That’’s not the only devaluing of anything less-misses an important point:Thatthing the American economy neds.Yes,a bachelor’’s degree opens more thing the American economy neds.Yes,a bachelordoors.But even now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs,but the workers who need those jobs most aren ’t equipped to do them.Koziatek ’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek ’s school is a wake-up call.When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nation one-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nation’’s diversiy of gifts.21.21.【题干】【题干】【题干】A A brokan bike chain is mentioned to show students students’’ lack of______.A.mechanical memorizationB.academic trainingC.practical abilityD.pioneering spirit22.22.【题干】【题干】【题干】There existsthe prejudice that vocational education is for kids There existsthe prejudice that vocational education is for kids who______.A.are financially disadvantagedB.are not academically successfulC.have a stereotyped mindD.have no career motivation23.【题干】We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high schoolgraduates______.A.are entitled to more “ducational privilegesB.are reluctant to work in manufacturinged to have more job opportunitiesed to have big financial concerns24.24.【题干】【题干】【题干】The headlong push into bacheloi The headlong push into bacheloi The headlong push into bacheloi’’s degrees for all_____.A.helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB.may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC.is expected to yield a better-trained workforceD.indicates the overvaluing of higher education25.25.【题干】【题干】【题干】The The author author’’s attitude toward Koziatek Koziatek’’s school can be described as_____.A.supportiveB.disappointedC.tolerantD.cautiousText2While fossil fuels- coal,oil,gas- still generate roughly 85 percent of the world's energy supply,it'sclearer than ever that the future belongs to renewablesources such as wind and solar.The move to renewables is picking up momentumaround the world: They now account for more than half ofnew power sourcesgoing on line.Some growth stems from a commitment bygovernments and farsighted Businssesto fundcleanerenergy sources.But increasinglythestoryisabout theplummeting prices of renewables,especially wind and solar.The cost of solarpanels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close taone-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland,for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead,notably China and Europe, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March,for the first time,wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US,reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels - especially coal - as the pathto economic growth. In a recent speech in Iowa, he dismissed windpower as an unreliable energy source, But that message did not play wellwith many in Iowa,where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36percent of the state's electricity generation - and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to powertheir data centers.The question “what happens when the wind doesn't blow or the sun d oesn'tshine?" has provided a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storageapacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in par by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing bigbets on battery-powered electric vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarityon roads now. this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there's a long way to go,the trend lines forrenewables are spiking. Thepace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up perhaps: just in ti me to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change.What Washington does-or doesn't do- to promote alternative energy may mean less and less a tim e of a global shift in thought.26.26.【题干】【题干】【题干】The The word "plummeting"(Line 3,Para.2)is closest in meaning to ______【选项】A.stabilizingB.changingC.fallingD.rising27. 【题干】According to Paragraph 3,the use of renewable energy in America ______【选项】A. is progressing notablyB. is as extensive as in EuropeC. faces many challengesD. has proved to be impractical28. 28. 【题干】【题干】【题干】It can be learned that in Iowa,______. It can be learned that in Iowa,______.【选项】A. wind is a widely used energy sourceB. wind energy has replaced fossil fuelsC. tech giants are investing in clean energyD. there is a shortage of clean energy supply29. 【题干】Which of the following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs 5&6?A. Its application has boosted battery storage.B. It is commonly used in car manufacturing.C. Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.D. Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult. 30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy _____.【选项】A. will bring the US closer to other countriesB. will accelerate global environmental changeC. is not really encouraged by the US governmentD. is not competitive enough with regard to its cost30.30.【题干】【题干】【题干】 It It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy _____.【选项】A. will bring the US closer to other countriesB. will accelerate global environmental changeC. is not really encouraged by the US governmentD. is not competitive enough with regard to its costText 3The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing —Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn, but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service, which doesn service, which doesn’’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users ’ friendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages, the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be. What political journalist, whatparty whip, would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May groups in which Theresa May’’s enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops ft owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don ’t pay for them. The users of their services are not their customers. That would be the people who buy advertising from them — and Facebook and Google, the two virtual giants, dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product they The product they’’re selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce whe31.31.【题干】【题干】【题干】According According to Paragraph1 to Paragraph1，，Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its its 。
2018考研英语二真题及答案及解析
2018考研英语二真题及答案及解析2018年考研英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painfulBecause humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twistHalf of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twe nty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock th em clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect wit h other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and pho tographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the ba sic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of theUniversityof Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can in sight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,particip ants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosi ty ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. T hinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee other words,don't read online comments.1.8.9. than as of to10. B. forgive11.with on from to. withdrawal B. inquiry C .persistenceself-evident18.. whether20.1. 【答案】A【解析】句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它事情呢”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有___不确定性的内在需求”。
(完整版)2018年英语二真题及答案
Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested. Student’s willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 eachparticipant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified, another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would8 subsequent experiments reproduced, this effect with otherstimuli 9 the sound of finger nails on a chalkboard andphotographs of disgusting insects.The drive to_10_is deeply rooted in humans. Much the sameas the basic drives for_11_or shelter, says Christopher Hsee ofthe University of Chicago Curiosity is often considered a goodinstinct-it can _12_New Scientific advances, for instance-butsometimes such_13_can backfire, the insight that curiosity candrive you to do _14_things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however, in a finalexperiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how theywould feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likelyto 17 to see such an image. These results suggest thatimagining the 18 of following through on one’s curiosityahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. ”Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possiblenegative effects of curiosity. Hsee says “in other words, don’t read online comments”.1. [A]Protect [B] resolve [C] discuss [D] ignore2. [A]refuse [B] wait [C] regret [D] seek3. [A]hurt [B] last [C]mislead [D] rise4. [A]alert [B] tie [C] treat [D] expose5. [A]message [B] review [C] trial [D] concept6．[A] remove [B] weaken [C] interrupt [D] deliver7．[A]when [B] if [C] though [D] unless8．[A] continue [B] happen [C] disappear [D] change9．[A] rather than [B] regardless of [C] such as [D] owing to 10．[A] discover [B] forgive [C] forget [D] disagree11．[A] pay [B] marriage [C] schooling [D] food12．[A] lead to [B]rest on [C] learn from [D] begin with13．[A] withdrawal [B] persistence [C] inquiry [D] diligence14．[A] self-reliant [B] self-destructive [C] self-evident [D] self-deceptive15．[A] define [B] resist [C]replace [D] trace16．[A] overlook [B] predict [C] design [D] conceal17．[A] remember [B] promise [C] choose [D] pretend18．[A] relief [B] plan [C] duty [D] outcome19．[A] why [B] whether [C] where [D] how20．[A] consequences [B] investments [C] strategies [D] limitationsSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization,but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Workingwith your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schoolsin the family of vocational education “have thatstereotype...that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,”he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that itonce was. The job security that the US economy once offered tohigh school graduates has largely evaporated. More educationis the new principle. We want more for our kids, and rightfullyso.But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all –and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy need.Yes, a bachelor’s degree opens more doors. But even now, 54percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such asconstruction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percentof workers are adequately trained.In other words, at a time when the working class has turnedthe country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunitythat once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution isstaring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, butthe workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them. Koziatek’s Manchester school of Technology HighSchool is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’lack of .[A] practical ability[B] academic training[C] pioneering spirit[D] mechanical memorization22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education isfor kids who .[A] have a stereotyped mind[B] have no career motivation[C] are not academically successful[D] are financially disadvantaged23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high schoolgraduates .[A] used to have big financial concerns[B] used to have more job opportunities[C] are reluctant to work in manufacturing[D] are entitled to more educational privileges24. The headlong push into bachelor's degrees for all .[A] helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs[B] may narrow the gap in working-class jobs[C] is expected to yield a better-trained workforce[D] indicates the overvaluing of higher education25. The author's attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as .[A] supportive[B] tolerant[C] disappointed[D] cautiousText 2While fossil fuels—still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it’s clearer than ever that the futurebelongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The moveto renewables is picking up momentum around the world: Theynow account for more than half of new power sources going online.Some growth stems from a commitment by governmentsand farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices ofrenewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panelshas dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines byclose to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already aprincipal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. Whilethe rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe,the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, forthe first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US, reported the USEnergy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels—especially coal —as the path to economic growth. In a recent speech in Iowa,he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source. Butthat message did not play well with many in Iowa, where windturbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state’s electricity generation—and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to powertheir data centers.The question “What happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?” has provided a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacity ofbatteries is making their ability to keep power flowing aroundthe clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, whoare placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles.Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, thismassive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there’s a long way to go, the trend lines for renewables are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up—perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change. What Washington does—or doesn’t do—to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.26. The word “plummeting”(Line 3, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to .[A] stabilizing[B] changing[C] falling[D] rising27. According to Paragraph 3, the use of renewable energy in America .[A] is progressing notably[B] is as extensive as in Europe[C] faces many challenges[D] has proved to be impractical28. It can be learned that in Iowa, .[A] wind is a widely used energy source[B] wind energy has replaced fossil fuels[C] tech giants are investing in clean energy[D] there is a shortage of clean energy supply29. Which of the following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs 5&6？[A] Its application has boosted battery storage.[B] It is commonly used in car manufacturing.[C] Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.[D] Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy____.[A] will bring the USA closer to other countries.[B] will accelerate global environmental change.[C] is not really encouraged by the USA government.[D] is not competitive enough with regard to its cost.Text 3The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing-Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for＄l3.5bn,but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service, which doesn't have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users' friendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages, the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be. What political journalist, what party whip, would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Therea May's enemies are currently plotting? Itmay be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of Change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don't pay for them. The users of their Services are not their customers. That would be the people who buy advertising from them-and Facebook and Google, the two virtual giants, dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product they're selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to date for the benefit of the digital giants.Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew the produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield. Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spamme out of our inboxes. It doesn't feel like a human or democratic relationship, even if both sides benefit.31. According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its .[A] digital products[B] user information[C] physical assets[D] quality service32. Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may .[A] worsen political disputes[B] mess up customer records[C] pose a risk to Facebook users[D] mislead the European commission33. According to the author, competition law .[A] should sever the new market powers[B] may worsen the economic imbalance[C] should not provide just one legal solution[D] cannot keep pace with the changing market34. Competition law as presently interpreted can hardlyprotect Facebook users because .[A] they are not defined as customers[B] they are not financially reliable[C] the services are generally digital[D] the services are paid for by advertisers35. The ants analogy is used to illustrate .[A] a win-win business model between digital giants[B] a typical competition pattern among digital giants[C] the benefits provided for digital giants ’customers[D] the relationship between digital giants and their usersText 4To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy, CalNewport, author of Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in aDistracted World, recommends building a habit of “deep work”-the ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the art ofdeep work- be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task;developing a daily ritual; or taking a “journalistic” approachto seizing moment of deep work when you can throughout theday. Whichever approach, the key is to determine your lengthof focus time and stick to it.Newport also recommends “deep scheduling” to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time. “At any given point, I should have deep work scheduled for roughly thenext mouth. Once on the calendar, I protect this time like Iwould a doctor’s appointment or important meeting”, he writes.Another approach to getting more done in less time is torethink how you priorities your day – in particular how we craftour to-do lists. Tim Harford, author of Messy: The Power ofDisorder to Transform Our Lives, points to a study in the early1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups: some wereadvised to set out monthly goals and study activities; otherswere told to plan activities and goals in much more detail, dayby day.While the researchers assumed that the well-structureddaily plans would be most effective when it came to theexecution of tasks, they were wrong: the detailed daily plans demotivated students .Harford argues that inevitabledistractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective, whileleaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the bestresults.In order to make the most of our focus and energy, we alsoneed to embrace downtime, or as Newport suggests, “be lazy”.“Idleness is not just a vacation, an indulgence or a vice; it isas indispensable to the brain as vitamin D is to the body …”[idleness]is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done,”he argues.Srini Pillay, an assistant professor of psychiatry at HarvardMedical School, believes this counterintuitive link betweendowntime and productivity may be due to the may our brainsoperate. When our brains switch between being focused andunfocused on a task, they tend to be more efficient.“What people don’t realise is that in order to completethese tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuitsin their brain,” says Pillay.36. The key to mastering the art of deep work is to .[A] keep to your focus time[B] list your immediate tasks[C] make specific daily plans[D] seize every minute to work37. The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford showsthat .[A] distractions may actually increase efficiency.[B] daily schedules are indispensable to studying[C] students are hardly motivated by monthly goals[D] detailed plans may not be as fruitful as expected38. According to Newport, idleness is .[A] a desirable mental state for busy people.[B] a major contributor to physical health[C] an effective way to save time and energy[D] an essential factor in accomplishing any work39. Pillay believes that our brains’ shift between being focused and unfocused .[A] can result in psychological well-being[B] can bring about greater efficiency[C] is aimed at better balance in work[D] is driven by task urgency40. This text is mainly about .[A] ways to relieve the tension of busy life[B] approaches to getting more done in less time[C] the key to eliminating distractions[D] the cause of the lack of focus timePart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitles from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subtitles which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A.Just say itB.Be presentC.Pay a unique compliment, places, thingsE.Find the “me too”sF.Skip the small talkG.Ask for an opinionFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links, which means when you have aconversation with a new person a link gets formed and everyconversation you have after that moment will strengthen thelink.You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, thecab driver, new people at work or the security guard at the door.Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.Here are five simple ways that you can make the first moveand start a conversation with strangers.41、______________________________________________Suppose you are in a room with someone you don’t know and something within you says “I want to talk with this person”-this is something that mostly happens with all of us. Youwanted to say something-the first word –but it just won’tcome out, it feels like it is stuck somewhere. I know the feelingand here is my advice: just get it out.Just think: what is the worst that could happen? They won’t talk with you? Well, they are not talking with you now!I truly believe that once you get that first word outeverything else will just flow. So keep it simple: “Hi”，“Hey”or “Hello”- do the best you can to gather all of theenthusiasm and energy you can , put on a big smile and say“Hi”。
2018年大学生公共英语二级真题试卷及答案
2018年大学生公共英语二级真题试卷及答案目录2018年大学生公共英语二级真题试卷 (1)2018年大学生公共英语二级真题答案 (20)2018年大学生公共英语二级真题试卷(总分110, 做题时间90分钟)第一部分听力理解第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman going to do?A Have a coffee.B Attend a meeting.C Clean her office.2. What does the woman ask for?A A dress of different size.B A dress of better quality.C A dress of a bright color.3. What does the man want to do?A Take his leave.B Borrow a ladder.C Clean the roof.4. What will the woman probably do next?A Go to the man's place.B Reserve an exhibition hall.C Call the Hillsboro Hotel.5. Where are the speakers?A At home.B In a museum.C In the city square.第二节各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
1. Why has the man hardly seen the woman lately?A She had a traffic accident.B She moved to another place.C She is working unusual hours.2. Where does the conversation take place?A In an apartment.B At a bus stop.C In an office.3. What does the man have to do now?A Plan a trip.B Look for a job.C Make a decision.4. What does the woman think of the journey to South America?A Exciting.B Dangerous.C Expensive.5. What advice does the woman give to the man?A Staying at home.B Going abroad.C Opening a bookstore.6. What is the radio program for?A Discussing language skills.B Promoting community service.C Sharing personal feelings.7. What is the second point Prof. Sheffield mentioned?A To conclude the article.B To introduce main ideas.C To give details and facts.8. What makes an excellent article according to Prof. Sheffield?A Detailed facts.B Personal style.C Formal language.9. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A A summer job.B A food company.C A birthday party.10. What does the man's company do?A Offer food services.B Organize concerts.C Design furniture.11. What will the man do before the party?A Play music.B Cook food.C Set tables.12. What does the woman think of the man's work?A Difficult.B Interesting.C Valuable.13. What do the Hoffmans do for a living?A They are gardeners.B They sell vegetables.C They run a guesthouse.14. How much direct sunshine do tomato plants actually need every day?A Five hours.B Eight hours.C Twelve hours.15. Why do Irish potatoes grow better in the shade?A They have deeper roots.B They have wider leaves.C They have bigger flowers.第二部分阅读理解第一节短文理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2018年考研英语二真题答案及解析
Section I Use of English
命题分析：
本文介绍了好奇心给人们带来的负面影响。文章难度不大，常考的总分结构、词汇与搭配辨析和逻辑关 系（指代、并列、转折、列举等）再次成为考点。部分段落里的长难句也在提醒考生要有基本的语法功底。 另外，本文多次出现语义的重复，对解题也有极大的帮助。
芝加哥大学的奚恺元，即这篇论文的合著者，表示（10）探索的动力在人类体内根深蒂固，与对（11） 食物或住处（shelter）的基本动力几乎相同。好奇心经常被认为是一种好的本能（instinct）——例如，它能 （12）带来新的科学进步——但有时候这种（13）探究可能会适得其反。好奇心会驱使你做（14）自我毁灭 的事情，这种洞察力（insight）是真知灼见（a profound one）。
译文识词：
人们为什么浏览网络上的负面（negative）评论，并且做其他明显会痛苦的事情呢？根据《心理科学》上 发表的一项最新研究可知，因为人们都有（1）解决不确定性的内在（inherent）需要。这项新研究揭示 （reveal）：渴望了解的需求如此强烈以至于人们会（2）设法满足自己的好奇心（curiosity），即使答案很明 显会（3）令人痛苦。
【关注微信公众号：考研资料圈儿】祝追梦的你，考研成功！【资料同步QQ群：854656272】
4、【答案】[D]
【解析】固定搭配题。空格位于不定式符号 to 之后，与其后的 oneself to sth.构成动词短语；空格处动作 的发出者是 students，上文表明人们为了满足好奇心，愿意去做令自己痛苦的事情，故答案为 D，表示为了满 足好奇心而让自己接触令人不悦的刺激物。
11、【答案】[D]
2018年大学生公共英语二级真题试卷及答案
2018年大学生公共英语二级真题试卷及答案目录2018年大学生公共英语二级真题试卷 (1)2018年大学生公共英语二级真题答案 (20)2018年大学生公共英语二级真题试卷(总分110,做题时间90分钟)第一部分听力理解第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the woman going to do?A Have a coffee.B Attend a meeting.C Clean her office.2.What does the woman ask for?A A dress of different size.B A dress of better quality.C A dress of a bright color.3.What does the man want to do?A Take his leave.B Borrow a ladder.C Clean the roof.4.What will the woman probably do next?A Go to the man's place.B Reserve an exhibition hall.C Call the Hillsboro Hotel.5.Where are the speakers?A At home.B In a museum.C In the city square.第二节各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
1.Why has the man hardly seen the woman lately?A She had a traffic accident.B She moved to another place.C She is working unusual hours.2.Where does the conversation take place?A In an apartment.B At a bus stop.C In an office.3.What does the man have to do now?A Plan a trip.B Look for a job.C Make a decision.4.What does the woman think of the journey to South America?A Exciting.B Dangerous.C Expensive.5.What advice does the woman give to the man?A Staying at home.B Going abroad.C Opening a bookstore.6.What is the radio program for?A Discussing language skills.B Promoting community service.C Sharing personal feelings.7.What is the second point Prof.Sheffield mentioned?A To conclude the article.B To introduce main ideas.C To give details and facts.8.What makes an excellent article according to Prof.Sheffield?A Detailed facts.B Personal style.C Formal language.9.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A A summer job.B A food company.C A birthday party.10.What does the man's company do?A Offer food services.B Organize concerts.C Design furniture.11.What will the man do before the party?A Play music.B Cook food.C Set tables.12.What does the woman think of the man's work?A Difficult.B Interesting.C Valuable.13.What do the Hoffmans do for a living?A They are gardeners.B They sell vegetables.C They run a guesthouse.14.How much direct sunshine do tomato plants actually need every day?A Five hours.B Eight hours.C Twelve hours.15.Why do Irish potatoes grow better in the shade?A They have deeper roots.B They have wider leaves.C They have bigger flowers.第二部分阅读理解第一节短文理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2018全国二英语真题及答案
2018年高考全国二卷英语试卷及答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）ASummer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalized, parents/ carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go campingA. OUT.B. WBP.C. CRF.D. POT.22. What?will?the?students?do?on?Tuesday?with?Mrs.?WilsonA. Travel?to?London.??B. See?a?parade?and?fireworks.C. Tour?central?Paris.D. Visit?the?WWI?battlefields.23. How?long?does?Potty?about?Potter?lastA. Two?days.B. Four?days.C. Five?days.D. One?week.BMany of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares However, they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, co oling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” cre amy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.24. What does the author seem to like about cherriesA. They contain protein.B. They are high in vitamin A.C. They have a pleasant taste.D. They are rich in antioxidants.25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananasA. To make them smell better.B. To keep their colour.C. To speed up their ripening.D. To improve their nutrition.26. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraphA. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.27. From which is the text probably takenA. A biology textbook.B. A health magazine.C. A research paper.D. A travel brochure.CTeens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they‘hardly ever’ r ead for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percentof 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading.It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents servingas examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer readinglist and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.28. What is the Common Sense Media report probably aboutA. Children’s reading habits.B. Quality of children’s books.C. Children’s after-class activities.D. Parent-child relationships.29. Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"A. In paragraph 2.B. In paragraph 3.C. In paragraph 4.D. In paragraph 5.30. Why do many parents limit electronic readingA. E-books are of poor quality.B. It could be a waste of time.C. I t may harm children’s health.D. E-readers are expensive.31. How should parents encourage their children to read moreA. Act as role models for them.B. Ask then to write book reports.C. Set up reading groups for them.D. Talk with their reading class teachers.DWe’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What’s the problem It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for cas ual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says.32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraphA. Addiction to smartphones.B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C. Absence of communication between strangers.D. Impatience with slow service.33. What is important for successful small talk according to CarducciA. Showing good manners.B. Relating to other people.C. Focusing on a topic.D. Making business deals.34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talkA. It improves family relationships.B. It raises people’s confidence.C. It matters as much as a formal talk.D. It makes people feel good.35. What is the best title for the textA. Conversation CountsB. Ways of Making Small TalkC. Benefits of Small TalkD. Uncomfortable Silence第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。